0000070|A 1 is a term used to describe anything unusually good.
0000160|Aachen, (pop. 238,587), is an industrial city in Germany.
0000200|Aalto, Alvar, (1898-1976), was a Finnish architect, town planner, and furniture designer.
0000220|Aardvark is an African mammal that lives in the ground and eats ants and termites.
0000240|Aardwolf is an unusual type of hyena that lives on the plains of southern and eastern Africa.
0000280|Aaron, in the Bible, was the brother of Moses and Miriam.
0000290|Aaron, Henry (1934- ), hit 755 regular-season home runs, more than any other baseball player in major league history.
0000360|Abaca is a plant grown in Borneo, the Philippines, and Sumatra for its fiber.
0000420|Abacus is an ancient device used in China and other countries to perform arithmetic problems.
0000440|Abadan, (pop. 296,081), is a refining center for Iran's oil industry.
0000460|Abalone is a marine snail found in most mild and tropical seas.
0000500|Abandonment is a legal term that has two chief meanings.
0000600|Abbey Theatre, in Dublin, is considered the national theater of Ireland.
0000620|Abbot is the religious superior of a monastery of an early religious order, such as the Benedictines and Cistercians.
0000660|Abbott was the name of two sisters who were American social-work pioneers.
0000680|Abbott, Sir John Joseph Caldwell (1821-1893), served as prime minister of Canada from June 1891 to November 1892.
0000710|Abbott, Robert Sengstacke (1868-1940), was an African American journalist.
0000720|Abbreviation is a shortened form of a word or a phrase.
0000820|Abdomen is a large body cavity between the thorax (chest) and the pelvic cavity.
0000870|Abdul-Jabbar, Kareem, (1947- ) became one of the greatest centers in basketball history.
0000900|Abel, the second son of Adam and Eve, was a shepherd (Genesis 4).
0000920|Abelard, Peter (1079-1142), was one of the leading philosophers and theologians of the Middle Ages.
0000940|Aberdeen, (pop. 215,246), is the third largest city in Scotland.
0000980|Aberdeen and Temair, Marquess of (1847-1934), a British politician, served as governor general of Canada from 1893 to 1898.
0001020|Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, is the United States Army's center for ordnance activities.
0001060|Abernathy, Ralph David (1926-1990), was an American civil rights leader.
0001080|Aberration, in optics, is the failure of light rays to focus properly after they pass through a lens or reflect from a mirror.
0001140|Abidjan, (pop. 1,850,000), is the capital and largest city of Ivory Coast and one of the busiest seaports in western Africa.
0001160|Abilene, Kans. (pop. 6,242), is a railroad shipping center for crops raised in east-central Kansas.
0001280|Abnormal psychology is the scientific study of psychological disorders.
0001300|Abolition movement was activity that took place in the 1800's to end slavery.
0001340|Abominable Snowman, also called Yeti, is a creature said to live on Mount Everest and other mountains of the Himalaya range of Asia.
0001360|Aborigines are Australians whose ancestors were the first people to live in Australia.
0001370|Abortion is the ending of a pregnancy before birth.
0001380|Abraham was the founder of Judaism and the ancestor of both the Arabs and the Jews.
0001480|Abscess is a collection of pus within an infected part of the body.
0001560|Absolute zero is the theoretical temperature at which the atoms and molecules of a substance have the least possible energy.
0001580|Absolutism is a form of government in which one or more persons rule with power unlimited by law.
0001600|Absorption and adsorption are processes by which substances take in matter or energy, or both.
0001620|Abstract, in law, is a summary of the most important points of a long legal document or of several legally related documents.
0001630|Abstract art is a style of art of the 1900's that discards identifiable subject matter.
0001650|Abstract expressionism was a movement in American painting that flourished from the mid-1940's to the mid-1950's.
0001675|Abu Dhabi, (pop. 242,975), also called Abu Zaby, is the capital of the United Arab Emirates, a confederation of seven Arab states.
0001680|Abu Simbel, Temples of, are two ancient Egyptian temples that were carved in a mountainside beside the Nile River in southern Egypt.
0001695|Abuja, (pop. 378,671), is the capital of Nigeria.
0001810|Abzug, Bella Savitzky (1920- ), a Democrat from New York, served in the United States House of Representatives from 1971 to 1977.
0001840|Acacia is the name of about 1,200 species of trees and shrubs in the pea family.
0001880|Academic freedom is a term that refers primarily to certain rights claimed by professors at universities and colleges.
0001900|Academy is the general name for a group of people or an organization that promotes art, literature, science, or some other field of knowledge.
0001940|Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences is an honorary nonprofit organization.
0002000|Acadia was a region in eastern Canada that became the site of the first permanent French colony in North America.
0002020|Acadia National Park was the first national park established in the United States east of the Mississippi River.
0002060|Acanthus is a group of shrubs or herbs that are found chiefly in Asia, Africa, and southern Europe.
0002080|Acapulco, (pop. 515,374), officially known as Acapulco de Juarez, is a Mexican port and resort city.
0002180|Accent, in language, is an emphasis placed on a syllable in a word and is often called stress.
0002340|Acclimatization is the way in which an organism adjusts to changes in its environment (surroundings).
0002420|Accordion is any of a family of portable reed instruments with bellows suspended in front of the player by shoulder straps.
0002440|Accounting is a system of gathering, summarizing, and communicating financial information for a business firm, government, or other organization.
0002460|Accra, (pop. 964,879; met. area pop. 1,420,065), is the capital and largest city of Ghana.
0002500|Acculturation is the process by which cultural traits of one group change through the people's contact with the culture of another group.
0002560|Acerola is the fruit of a bushy tree that grows 10 to 15 feet (3.0 to 4.6 meters) tall.
0002580|Acetaminophen is a commonly used drug that relieves pain and reduces fever.
0002620|Acetic acid is an important organic acid and industrial chemical.
0002640|Acetone is an important industrial chemical.
0002680|Acetylene is a colorless, flammable gas used for welding and for preparing other chemical compounds.
0002720|Achaeans were people of ancient Greece who lived in the Peloponnesus (Greece's southern peninsula), in east-central Greece, and on the islands of Crete, Rhodes, Cephalonia, and Ithaca.
0002780|Acheson, Dean Gooderham (1893-1971), was United States secretary of state under President Harry S. Truman from 1949 to 1953.
0002840|Achilles, in Greek mythology, was the best Greek warrior in the Trojan War.
0002855|Achilles tendon is the tendon at the back of the ankle.
0002920|Acid is any of a group of chemical compounds with certain similar properties.
0002930|Acid rain is a term for rain, snow, sleet, or other wet precipitation that is polluted by such acids as sulfuric acid and nitric acid.
0002980|Acidosis is a condition in which the body fluids tend to have a higher acid content than normal.
0003040|Acne is a skin disorder that occurs most commonly among teen-agers.
0003060|Aconcagua is an extinct volcano and the highest mountain in the Western Hemisphere.
0003080|Aconite is the name of a group of plants that thrive in cool, northern regions.
0003100|Acorn is the nut produced by any of the various kinds of oak trees.
0003120|Acoustics is the study of how sounds are created, transmitted, and received.
0003140|Acre is a measure of land.
0003240|Acropolis was the religious and military center of a city-state in ancient Greece.
0003280|Acrylic is any one of a group of synthetic products made primarily from petroleum.
0003400|ACTH is an abbreviation of the chemical substance adrenocorticotropic hormone.
0003460|Actinium, a chemical element, is an extremely rare, silvery-white, radioactive metal that glows in the dark.
0003520|Actinomycosis is a rare, infectious disease that affects human beings.
0003530|ACTION was a federal agency that directed the domestic volunteer programs of the United States government from 1971 to 1993.
0003540|Actium, Battle of, was a naval battle that settled the struggle for control of ancient Rome between co-rulers Gaius Octavian and Mark Antony.
0003570|Acton, Lord (1834-1902), is considered one of the greatest historians of the 1800's.
0003600|Acts of the Apostles is the fifth book of the New Testament.
0003625|Acuff, Roy (1903-1992), was an American country music singer and fiddler.
0003630|Acupuncture is an ancient Chinese method of relieving pain and treating a variety of diseases by inserting needles into specific places on the body.
0003640|A.D. is the abbreviation for anno Domini, which is Latin for in the year of our Lord.
0003700|Adam was the family name of two brothers--Robert Adam (1728-1792) and James Adam (1730-1794)--who were famous Scottish architects.
0003720|Adam and Eve, according to the Bible, were the first man and woman created by God.
0003760|Adams, Abigail Smith (1744-1818), was the wife of John Adams, the second President of the United States.
0003765|Adams, Ansel (1902-1984), was an American photographer known for his dramatic photographs of the West.
0003770|Adams, Brooks (1848-1927), was an American historian and a critic of capitalism.
0003780|Adams, Charles Francis (1807-1886), was one of the most successful diplomats in United States history.
0003800|Adams, Henry Brooks (1838-1918), was an important American historian.
0003840|Adams, John (1735-1826), guided the young United States through some of its most serious troubles.
0003860|Adams, John Quincy (1767-1848), was the only son of a President of the United States who also became President.
0003880|Adams, Maude (1872-1953), was one of the most beloved and brilliantly successful actresses in the history of the American theater.
0003920|Adams, Roger (1889-1971), was an American chemist who became known for his work in the field of organic chemistry.
0003940|Adams, Samuel (1722-1803), was an American patriot and politician who stirred opposition to British rule in the American Colonies.
0003960|Adams, Samuel Hopkins (1871-1958), was an American journalist and author.
0003980|Adams, Sherman (1899-1986), served as chief of staff to United States President Dwight D. Eisenhower from 1953 to 1958.
0004030|Adams-Onis Treaty, or Transcontinental Treaty, was an agreement between the United States and Spain.
0004040|Adamson, Joy (1910-1980), was a wildlife conservationist and author who won wide recognition for her observations on animal behavior in Africa.
0004140|Adaptation is a characteristic of an organism that makes it better able to survive and reproduce in its environment.
0004180|Addams, Jane (1860-1935), was an American social worker and humanitarian.
0004200|Addax is an antelope that lives in the deserts of northern Africa.
0004220|Adder is the name given to several species of snakes in various parts of the world.
0004300|Addis Ababa, (pop. 1,412,577), is the capital and largest city of Ethiopia.
0004320|Addison, Joseph (1672-1719), was an English author and politician.
0004340|Addison, Thomas (1793-1860), was a British doctor famous for his description of Addison's disease (see ADDISON'S DISEASE).
0004360|Addison's disease is a disorder that gradually destroys the adrenal glands, causing them to produce insufficient amounts of certain hormones.
0004380|Addition is a way of putting together two or more things to find out how many there are all together.
0004400|Address, Forms of, are the courteous way to speak or write to someone.
0004440|Ade, George (1866-1944), was an American humorist, playwright, and journalist.
0004460|Adelaide, (pop. 1,023,617), is the capital, largest city, and economic center of the state of South Australia.
0004510|Aden, (pop. 318,000), is the second largest city of Yemen.
0004540|Adenauer, Konrad (1876-1967), served as chancellor of the West German Republic from its formation in 1949 until he retired in 1963.
0004560|Adenoids, also known as pharyngeal tonsils, are a mass of glandlike tissue normally present in the upper part of the throat, directly behind the nasal passages.
0004580|Adhesion is the property of two unlike substances that causes them to stick together.
0004600|Adhesion, in the body, is a name for new tissue that sometimes binds together internal organs that are normally separate.
0004620|Adhesive is a substance that bonds surfaces together.
0004680|Adirondack Mountains are a group of mountains that cover about 12,000 square miles (31,000 square kilometers) in northeastern New York.
0004700|Adjective is a part of speech that describes, qualifies, or places limits on a noun or pronoun.
0004740|Adjutant is the name of two species of large birds in the stork family.
0004760|Adler, Alfred (1870-1937), an Austrian psychiatrist, developed important theories concerning the motivation of human behavior.
0004780|Adler, Dankmar (1844-1900), was an American architect noted primarily for his association with architect Louis H. Sullivan.
0004900|Administrator is a person who takes charge of the property of a person who has died.
0004920|Admiral is the highest rank in the navy of the United States and of many other countries.
0004940|Admiralty is a department of a nation's government that directs naval affairs.
0004960|Admiralty Islands, a group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, are part of the nation of Papua New Guinea.
0005000|Adobe is the Spanish name for sun-dried bricks, or for a house built with such bricks.
0005025|Adolescent is a person who is no longer a child but not yet an adult.
0005060|Adonis was a handsome youth in Greek mythology.
0005080|Adonis is the name of a group of 20 species of plants that grow wild in Europe and Asia.
0005100|Adoption is a legal process by which people take as their own son or daughter a person not born to them.
0005120|Adrenal gland is a small, pyramid-shaped organ that secretes many important hormones.
0005181|Adrian IV (about 1110-1159) was the only English pope.
0005260|Adriatic Sea is an extension of the Mediterranean Sea.
0005300|Adult education is instruction for men and women who no longer go to school full time.
0005360|Advent is the season that marks the beginning of the Christian church year.
0005380|Adventists are members of religious groups that stress the doctrine of the Second Coming.
0005420|Adverb is a part of speech that adds meaning to a verb, an adjective, or another adverb.
0005440|Advertising is a message designed to promote a product, a service, or an idea.
0005600|A.E.F. stands for the American Expeditionary Forces sent to Europe during World War I.
0005620|Aegean civilization, consisted of four cultures that flourished on the islands and shores of the Aegean Sea between 3000 and 1200 B.C.
0005640|Aegean Sea is a gulf or arm of the Mediterranean Sea.
0005700|Aegis was the name of the shield or breastplate made for Jupiter by Vulcan.
0005780|Aeneas was a Trojan hero in Greek and Roman mythology.
0005800|Aeneid, the national epic of ancient Rome, is one of the world's greatest poems of heroic adventure.
0005840|Aeolian harp is an unusual ancient musical instrument.
0005850|Aeolians were a group of ancient Greeks.
0005880|Aeolus was the keeper of the winds in Greek mythology.
0006065|Aerobics is a system of exercises designed to promote the supply and use of oxygen in the body.
0006080|Aerodynamics is the study of the forces acting on an object as it moves through air or some other fluid.
0006300|Aerosol is a mixture of extremely small particles and gas.
0006370|Aerospace medicine is the field of medical science concerned with the effects of flight on human health.
0006420|Aeschylus, (525-456 B.C.) was the earliest writer of Greek tragedy whose plays exist in complete form.
0006460|Aesop's Fables are a collection of stories attributed to a Greek slave named Aesop, who died about 565 B.C.
0006480|Aesthetics, also spelled esthetics, is the study of theories that apply to the arts in a broad and fundamental way.
0006600|Affenpinscher is a small, shaggy, black dog.
0006620|Affidavit, in law, is a written or printed statement of facts sworn to, or affirmed, before a court bailiff, a notary public, or any other person qualified to administer an oath.
0006650|Affirmative action refers to policies aimed at increasing the numbers of people from certain social groups in employment, education, business, government, and other areas.
0006680|Afghan hound, is a dog known for its speed and agility.
0006700|Afghanistan is a nation that is in southwestern Asia.
0006740|Africa is the second largest continent in area and in population.
0006743|African American literature is literature written by black Americans of African descent.
0006745|African Americans are Americans mostly or partly of African descent.
0006765|African Methodist Episcopal Church (A.M.E.) is one of the largest Methodist denominations in the United States.
0006770|African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church (A.M.E. Zion) is a large Methodist denomination in the United States.
0006775|African National Congress is a political party in South Africa.
0006780|African violet, also called Saintpaulia, is a tropical plant with beautiful flowers and heart-shaped, fuzzy leaves.
0006800|Afrikaans language is one of 11 official languages of South Africa.
0006860|AFS Intercultural Programs is a nonprofit organization that promotes worldwide learning and living experiences for secondary school students, young adults, and families.
0006940|Agamemnon, in Greek mythology, led the Greek army that conquered Troy in the Trojan War.
0006960|Agana, (pop. 1,139), the capital of the American island of Guam, lies on its west coast.
0007090|Agassiz, Louis (1807-1873), was a Swiss-born naturalist who studied many kinds of animals in Europe and America.
0007100|Agate is a banded form of chalcedony, a fine-grained, porous type of quartz.
0007110|Agate Fossil Beds National Monument is in northwestern Nebraska.
0007140|Age is a term used for any stage in the life of a person, such as childhood, youth, adulthood, and old age.
0007150|Age of Reason was a period in history when philosophers emphasized the use of reason as the best method of learning truth.
0007180|Agee, James (1909-1955), was an American writer.
0007220|Agency for International Development is an agency of the United States government that administers most of the nation's economic, technical, and humanitarian foreign aid programs.
0007280|Agent is a person who represents someone else in legal, business, or other matters.
0007310|Agent Orange is the military code name for a weedkiller used by the United States during the Vietnam War (1957-1975).
0007320|Ageratum is a popular, low-growing, annual plant of flower gardens.
0007380|Aggression, in psychology, is hostile behavior that may hurt or upset other people.
0007400|Agincourt, Battle of, took place between English and French armies near the village of Agincourt, in northern France, in 1415.
0007410|Aging is the process of growing old.
0007465|Agnew, Spiro Theodore (1918- ), became the only Vice President of the United States to resign his office while under criminal investigation.
0007470|Agnon, Shmuel Yosef (1888-1970), was an Israeli author.
0007480|Agnosticism is the belief that ultimate questions, especially those about the existence of God, cannot be answered.
0007520|Agouti is a rodent that lives in dense forests from southern Mexico to northern Argentina, and in the West Indies.
0007540|Agra, (pop. 955,694), is one of the largest cities in Uttar Pradesh, a state in northern India.
0007590|Agribusiness is the group of industries involved in producing, transporting, processing, distributing, and selling farm products.
0007620|Agricola, Gnaeus Julius, (A.D. 37-93), was an able Roman general.
0007700|Agricultural education is instruction about crop production, livestock management, soil and water conservation, and various other aspects of agriculture.
0007740|Agricultural experiment station is a research center that conducts scientific investigations to solve problems and suggest improvements in the food and agriculture industry.
0007860|Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service (ASCS) was an agency of the United States Department of Agriculture from 1961 to 1994.
0007880|Agriculture is the world's most important industry.
0007900|Agriculture, Department of, is an executive department of the United States government.
0007920|Agrimony is the common name for a group of about 18 species of woodland plants that grow in North America, Europe, Asia, and the Andes Mountains of South America.
0007960|Agrippina the Younger, (A.D. 15-59), was one of the most powerful women in ancient Rome.
0007980|Agronomy is a branch of agricultural science that deals with the study of crops and the soils in which they grow.
0008040|Aguinaldo, Emilio, (1869-1964), was a leader in the fight for Philippine independence.
0008140|Ahmadabad, (pop. 2,954,526; met. area pop. 3,297,655), is the largest city in Gujarat, a state in western India.
0008260|Aid to Families with Dependent Children, often called AFDC, is a program providing grants of financial help and medical care to dependent children and to the families or other adults taking care of them.
0008290|AIDS is the final, life-threatening stage of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
0008340|Aiken, Conrad Potter (1889-1973), was an American poet, novelist, and critic.
0008380|Ailanthus is a hardy tree that thrives in cities and places where other trees fail to grow.
0008405|Ailey, Alvin (1931-1989), was an American choreographer (creator of dances) and director of the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater.
0008420|Ainu are a group of people who may have been the first inhabitants of what is now Japan.
0008440|Air is the mixture of gases that surrounds the earth.
0008500|Air bag is an inflatable automobile safety device that helps protect a driver or front-seat passenger in a head-on or front-angle collision.
0008680|Air cleaner is a device that removes contaminants (impurities) from a stream of gas or air.
0008720|Air compressor is any device used to compress air.
0008740|Air conditioning controls the temperature, moisture, cleanliness, and movement of indoor air.
0008780|Air cushion vehicle (ACV) is a craft that travels on a layer of compressed air just above any kind of surface--land or water.
0008840|Air force is the branch of a nation's armed forces responsible for military operations in the air.
0008860|Air Force, Department of the, is one of the three military departments within the Department of Defense of the United States government.
0008880|Air Force, United States, is the branch of the armed forces responsible for most military operations in the air and in space.
0009010|Air Line Pilots Association is the largest labor union and professional organization of airline pilots in the United States.
0009020|Air lock is a device that permits people or materials to pass in or out of a structure called a pneumatic caisson.
0009160|Air pollution occurs when wastes dirty the air.
0009240|Air rights are the rights to use the space above a piece of real estate.
0009360|Air Transport Association of America (ATA) is an organization of scheduled airlines of the United States.
0009420|Airborne troops are soldiers trained for assault by air.
0009440|Airbrush is a tool used by photographers and commercial artists to apply color or shading to drawings, prints, and photographs.
0009470|Aircraft, Military. Military aircraft are airplanes, helicopters, and other flying machines used for military purposes.
0009480|Aircraft carrier is a ship used as a mobile base for airplanes.
0009540|Airedale terrier is the name of a breed of large terriers.
0009660|Airmail is the fastest way to send letters and packages.
0009700|Airplane is one of the newest and fastest means of transportation.
0009720|Airplane, Model is a miniature airplane.
0009760|Airport is a place where airplanes and other aircraft take off and land, and load and unload passengers and cargo.
0009780|Airship is a lighter-than-air aircraft with an engine that moves it through the air.
0009840|Aisne River is a river in northeastern France.
0009900|Aix-la-Chapelle, Congress of, met in Aachen (Aix-la-Chapelle), Germany, in 1818.
0009961|Ajax the Greater, in Greek mythology, was one of the bravest Greek heroes who fought in the Trojan War.
0009962|Ajax the Lesser, in Greek mythology, was a great Greek hero during the Trojan War.
0010000|Akbar, (1542-1605), was the greatest ruler of the Mogul Empire of India.
0010060|Akhenaton, also called Ikhnaton, ruled ancient Egypt as pharaoh from about 1367 to 1350 B.C.
0010100|Akihito, (1933- ), became emperor of Japan in 1989 upon the death of his father, Hirohito (see HIROHITO).
0010110|Akita is a breed of dog that originated in northern Japan.
0010116|Akiva ben Joseph, (A.D. 50?-135?), was a rabbi who profoundly influenced the development of Jewish law.
0010180|Akron, Ohio (pop. 223,019; met. area pop. 657,575), is a major center of the rubber industry.
0010210|Aksum, also spelled Axum, was a powerful ancient kingdom in East Africa.
0010260|Alabama was the most famous of the 20 Confederate cruisers that preyed on Union merchant ships and whalers during the American Civil War (1861-1865).
0010280|Alabama, one of the Southern States of the United States, is known as the Heart of Dixie.
0010300|Alabama, University of, is a coeducational state-supported educational system.
0010380|Alabama River flows through the East Gulf Coastal Plain of Alabama.
0010400|Alabaster is the name of two types of fine-grained white rocks that look similar but have different chemical compositions.
0010420|Aladdin is the hero of one of the most famous tales of the Thousand and One Nights, also known as the Arabian Nights.
0010520|Alamo is a historic structure in the center of San Antonio.
0010540|Alanbrooke, Lord (1883-1963), was one of Great Britain's military leaders during World War II (1939-1945).
0010570|Al-Anon is a worldwide fellowship of the families and friends of alcoholics.
0010580|Alarcon, Pedro Antonio de (1833-1891), was a Spanish author.
0010600|Alaric, (A.D. 370?-410), was a king of the Visigoths.
0010640|Alaska is the largest state of the United States in area.
0010660|Alaska, University of, is a state-supported system of higher education.
0010680|Alaska Highway is a 1,397-mile (2,248-kilometer) road that runs between Dawson Creek, B.C., and Delta Junction, Alaska.
0010720|Alaskan malamute is a strong, rugged sled dog that came originally from Alaska.
0010750|Al-Azhar University is one of the oldest universities in the world.
0010780|Albania is a small, mountainous nation in the Balkan Peninsula of southeastern Europe.
0010840|Albany (pop. 101,082) is the capital of New York and a leading transportation center of the state.
0010860|Albany Congress was a meeting that adopted the first formal proposal for a political union of the American Colonies.
0010910|Al Basrah, (pop. 678,000), also called Basra, is one of the largest cities in Iraq.
0010920|Albatross is the name for any one of several kinds of large sea birds.
0010940|Albee, Edward (1928- ), is a major American playwright who uses a wide variety of styles ranging from realism to fantasy.
0011000|Albeniz, Isaac (1860-1909), a Spanish composer and pianist, was one of the creators of a national style for Spanish music.
0011030|Albers, Josef (1888-1976), was a German-born painter and teacher.
0011032|Albert I (1875-1934), king of the Belgians from 1909 to 1934, was a heroic military leader during World War I (1914-1918).
0011035|Albert, Carl Bert (1908- ), an Oklahoma Democrat, was Speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 1971 until he retired in 1977.
0011060|Albert, Prince (1819-1861), married his first cousin, Queen Victoria of Britain, in 1840.
0011100|Alberta, the westernmost Prairie Province of Canada, is one of the greatest oil-producing regions in North America.
0011120|Alberta, University of, is a government-supported, coeducational university in Edmonton, Canada.
0011140|Alberti, Leon Battista, (1404-1472), was an Italian Renaissance architect, painter, and scholar.
0011160|Albertus Magnus, Saint (1206?-1280), was a German-born Christian theologian, philosopher, and scientist.
0011200|Albigenses were a group named for Albi, a city in southern France.
0011220|Albino is an animal or plant that is unable to produce pigment (coloring substance) in some or all of its organs.
0011290|Albright, Ivan (1897-1983), was an American painter with a style and method unlike those of other artists of his time.
0011360|Albumin, also spelled albumen, is a sticky, gelatinlike substance.
0011380|Albuquerque, (pop. 384,736; met. area pop. 589,131), is the largest city in New Mexico.
0011390|Alcan Aluminium Limited is one of the world's largest producers of aluminum and a manufacturer of aluminum products.
0011440|Alcatraz was a famous federal prison on Alcatraz Island in San Francisco Bay.
0011460|Alcazar is the name usually given to palaces built by the Moorish rulers in Spanish cities.
0011500|Alchemy is a blend of pseudoscience, magic, and mystical philosophy.
0011520|Alcibiades, (450?-404 B.C.), was an Athenian general.
0011560|Alcock and Brown were pioneer British aviators who made the first nonstop flight across the Atlantic Ocean.
0011580|Alcohol refers to a class of chemical compounds, all of which consist of chemically bonded atoms of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
0011585|Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms, Bureau of, is an agency in the United States Department of the Treasury.
0011600|Alcoholic beverage is a drink that contains ethyl alcohol.
0011620|Alcoholics Anonymous (A.A.) is a worldwide organization of men and women who help each other solve their common problem of alcoholism.
0011640|Alcoholism is a disease in which a person has an overwhelming desire to drink alcoholic beverages.
0011690|Alcott, Bronson (1799-1888), was an American social reformer and a leader of a philosophical movement called transcendentalism.
0011700|Alcott, Louisa May (1832-1888), was an American author.
0011810|Alden, John and Priscilla, came to America on the Mayflower in 1620.
0011820|Alder is the name of a group of about 30 shrubs and small trees that grow in moist ground.
0011980|Aldridge, Ira (1807?-1867), was the first African American actor to win fame in the Western world.
0012000|Aldrin, Edwin Eugene, Jr. (1930- ), a United States astronaut, was the second person to set foot on the moon.
0012050|Aleatory music is a type of music in which the specific shape of a composition is not determined by the composer.
0012100|Aleixandre, Vicente (1898-1984), a Spanish poet, won the 1977 Nobel Prize for literature.
0012140|Aleppo, (pop. 961,000), is the second largest city in Syria.
0012220|Aleutian Islands are a volcanic island chain that extends 1,100 miles (1,800 kilometers) west from the tip of the Alaska Peninsula.
0012230|Aleuts are people who have traditionally lived on the harsh, windswept Aleutian Islands, which lie off the mainland of Alaska.
0012240|Alewife is a fish that lives mainly in the Great Lakes and along the Atlantic coast of North America.
0012260|Alexander I (1777-1825) was czar of Russia from 1801 to 1825.
0012265|Alexander I (1888-1934) became king in 1921 of the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, later called Yugoslavia.
0012270|Alexander II (1818-1881) was czar of Russia from 1855 to 1881.
0012275|Alexander III (1105-1181) was elected pope in 1159.
0012280|Alexander III (1845-1894) was czar of Russia from 1881 to 1894.
0012285|Alexander VI (1431-1503) was the most worldly of the Renaissance popes.
0012300|Alexander, Grover Cleveland (1887-1950), was one of baseball's greatest pitchers.
0012330|Alexander, Lloyd (1924- ), an American author, won the 1969 Newbery Medal for his story The High King (1968).
0012410|Alexander of Tunis, Earl (1891-1969), was a British military leader and statesman and the last British-born governor general of Canada.
0012420|Alexander the Great (356-323 B.C.) was king of the Macedonians and one of the greatest generals in history.
0012440|Alexandria (pop. 3,380,000) is the chief port and second largest city of Egypt.
0012480|Alexandria, Virginia (pop. 111,183), During the 1730's, a warehouse was established on the site of Alexandria for the export of tobacco, Virginia's chief cash crop.
0012540|Alexandrite is a rare gem that has a high luster.
0012600|Alfalfa is a valuable crop that is grown mainly for forage (livestock feed).
0012640|Alfieri, Vittorio, (1749-1803), was an Italian playwright and poet.
0012660|Alfonso XIII, (1886-1941), served as king of Spain from 1902 until 1931, when Spain became a republic.
0012700|Alfred the Great (849-899) was king of the West Saxons in southwestern England.
0012730|Alfven, Hannes Olof Gosta (1908- ), a Swedish physicist, won the Nobel Prize for physics in 1970 for his research in magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and plasma physics.
0012740|Algae are simple organisms that live in oceans, lakes, rivers, ponds, and moist soil.
0012760|Algebra is one of the chief branches of mathematics.
0012800|Alger, Horatio (1832-1899), was an American author of novels for boys.
0012820|Algeria is a large country in northern Africa.
0012840|Algiers, (pop. 1,721,607), is the capital and largest city of Algeria.
0012880|Algol, also called Beta Persei, is the second brightest star in the constellation Perseus.
0012920|Algonquin Indians, once fished and hunted in the Ottawa River region of Canada, in what is now Ontario and Quebec.
0012930|Algorithm is a step-by-step procedure for solving a mathematical problem in a limited number of steps.
0012940|Algren, Nelson (1909-1981), an American author, is best known for fiction describing the brutal life of the Chicago slums of the 1930's and 1940's.
0012960|Alhambra was a famous palace and fortress in Granada, Spain.
0012995|Ali, Muhammad, (1942- ), was an American heavyweight boxing champion.
0013050|Alibates Flint Quarries National Monument is in Potter County in northwestern Texas.
0013100|Alien is a person who is not a citizen or national of the country in which he or she is living.
0013120|Alien and Sedition Acts were a series of laws passed by Congress in 1798 to silence opposition to an expected war with France.
0013150|Alienation is the feeling of being isolated from certain aspects of one's environment.
0013160|Alienation of affections is the act of a third person who turns the affection of one family member away from another.
0013180|Alimentary canal is a long tube through which food is taken into the body and digested.
0013200|Alimony is support money paid by one spouse (husband or wife) to the other during a legal separation or after a divorce.
0013210|Alinsky, Saul David (1909-1972), won fame for his efforts to help poor people help themselves.
0013240|Alkali, in chemistry, refers to six chemical elements that are known as the alkali metals: lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium.
0013260|Alkaloid is any of a group of organic bases found in plants.
0013280|Alkalosis is a condition in which a person's body fluids become too alkaline.
0013380|All Saints' Day is a Christian holy day observed by Western Christians on November 1 and by Eastern Christians on the first Sunday of Pentecost (see PENTECOST).
0013420|Allah is the Arabic name for the Supreme Being of the religion of Islam.
0013440|Allahabad, (pop. 806,486; met. area pop. 858,213), is a holy city of India.
0013500|Allegheny Mountains, form part of the Appalachian Mountain system of the Eastern United States.
0013520|Allegheny River is a major stream of western Pennsylvania and a principal headwater of the Ohio River.
0013560|Allegory is a story with more than one meaning.
0013660|Allen, Barbara, is the central character in an old British ballad.
0013700|Allen, Ethan (1738-1789), a fiery patriot and soldier, led the Green Mountain Boys in the capture of Fort Ticonderoga from the British in 1775.
0013760|Allen, Hervey (1889-1949), was an American author best known for his historical romance Anthony Adverse (1933).
0013810|Allen, Richard (1760-1831), founded the African Methodist Episcopal Church (A.M.E.), the first African American denomination in the United States.
0013820|Allen, William (1803-1879), served as an Ohio Democrat in the United States House of Representatives from 1833 to 1835 and in the U.S. Senate from 1837 to 1849.
0013840|Allen, William Cardinal (1532-1594), a prominent English clergyman, defended Roman Catholic beliefs after the Protestant Queen Elizabeth I came to the throne in 1558.
0013850|Allen, Woody (1935- ), is an American actor, motion-picture director, author, and comedian.
0013860|Allenby, Lord (1861-1936), was a British military leader.
0013870|Allende Gossens, Salvador (1908-1973), served as president of Chile from 1970 to 1973, when military leaders overthrew his government.
0013880|Allentown (pop. 105,090) is an industrial city in eastern Pennsylvania.
0013900|Allergy is a body reaction that occurs in persons who are sensitive to certain substances.
0013960|Alliance for Progress, or, in Spanish, Alianza para el Progreso, was a cooperative program that promoted economic and social development in Latin America.
0014060|Alligator is the name of two kinds of reptiles related to crocodiles.
0014120|Alliteration occurs when the same sound starts succeeding accented syllables.
0014140|Allopathy is a method in medical practice that tries to cure a disease by producing effects on the body that differ from the effects of the disease.
0014170|Allosaurus was a large, meat-eating dinosaur that lived about 150 million years ago.
0014180|Allotropy, in chemistry, is the ability of an element to exist in more than one form.
0014200|Alloy is a material made up of a metal and at least one other element.
0014210|Allport, Gordon W. (1897-1967), was an American psychologist known for his research in human personality.
0014220|Allspice is a spice with a flavor similar to that of a combination of cinnamon, cloves, and nutmeg.
0014240|Allston, Washington (1779-1843), was one of the first American artists to paint in a romantic style.
0014260|Alluvial fan is a fan-shaped deposit of layered gravels, sands, silts, and other materials.
0014280|Alluvium is clay, silt, sand, gravel, or other material deposited by rivers or streams during periods of flood.
0014320|Alma mater is an expression used by students or graduates to refer to their university or college.
0014380|Almanac is a book or pamphlet, usually published once a year, that contains many kinds of information.
0014420|Almaty, (pop. 1,147,000), also spelled Alma-Ata, is the capital of Kazakhstan.
0014440|Almond is a delicious nut.
0014480|Aloe is the name of a group of over 200 fleshy-leaved plants native to the Middle East, Madagascar, and southern Africa.
0014540|Alpaca is a grazing animal of South America that is related to the camel.
0014600|Alpha Centauri is a multiple star system in the constellation Centaurus.
0014660|Alpha particle is a positively charged, high-energy particle given off by the nucleus of a radioactive atom when it undergoes a nuclear transformation.
0014700|Alphabet is the series of letters used in writing a language.
0014760|Alphonsus Liguori, Saint (1696-1787), an Italian religious teacher, founded in 1732 the Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer (the Redemptorist Order) for religious work among poor people in rural areas.
0014765|Alphorn, also called alpenhorn, is a long tube-shaped instrument used chiefly by herders to call cattle in mountain regions of Switzerland.
0014800|Alps are the largest mountain system in Europe.
0014820|Alsace-Lorraine is a region in northeastern France, on the French-German border.
0014830|Alsatian dog is the term used in Britain and Commonwealth countries for a German shepherd dog.
0014840|Altai Mountains, form a lofty range that runs about 1,200 miles (1,900 kilometers) northwest across the borders of western Mongolia and Kazakhstan.
0014900|Altar is a raised place or object that serves as the central point of religious worship.
0014960|Alternation of generations is a term that describes the life cycle of most plants and some algae.
0014965|Alternative medicine refers to a wide range of healing practices that generally are not considered part of conventional medicine.
0014970|Alternative school is any public or private school that differs from traditional schools in curriculum, purpose, or teaching methods.
0015000|Altgeld, John Peter (1847-1902), was a reformer who served as governor of Illinois from 1893 to 1897.
0015060|Altimeter is a sensitive instrument that indicates altitude.
0015080|Altitude is the height of an object above the earth's surface, sea level, or some other given level.
0015160|Altman, Robert (1925- ), is an American motion-picture director known for his unusual, offbeat films.
0015240|Altrusa International is a volunteer organization of business and professional leaders who work to improve their communities through personal service.
0015260|Alum is the name of a particular group of double salts.
0015280|Alumina, also called aluminum oxide, is a compound composed of aluminum and oxygen.
0015300|Aluminum is a lightweight, silver-colored metal that can be formed into almost any shape.
0015340|Aluminum Company of America (Alcoa) is the leading producer of aluminum products in the world.
0015360|Alva, Duke of (1508?-1582?), also called the Duke of Alba, was a Spanish general and diplomat who served Kings Charles I and Philip II of Spain.
0015380|Alvarado, Pedro de (1485?-1541), helped Hernando Cortes subdue the Aztec in Mexico and conquered Guatemala himself.
0015450|Alzheimer's disease is a brain disease that causes increasing loss of memory and other mental abilities.
0015500|Amadis of Gaul is a famous Spanish romance of chivalry.
0015510|Amado, Jorge, (1912- ), is a Brazilian novelist.
0015540|Amalekites were a desert people who lived south of Canaan (later called Palestine) in Old Testament times.
0015660|Amanites are members of a religious group called the Amana Church Society.
0015680|Amaranth is the common name of a genus (group) of plants that includes weeds, garden flowers, and crops.
0015700|Amarillo, (pop. 157,615; met. area pop. 187,547), is the largest city and commercial center of the Panhandle of northern Texas.
0015720|Amaryllis is a family of more than 1,200 species of flowers.
0015740|Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) is an organization that promotes and develops amateur sports and physical fitness programs in the United States.
0015800|Amati family was a family of violin makers who worked in Cremona, Italy, from the 1500's to the 1700's.
0015850|Amazon rain forest is the world's largest tropical rain forest.
0015880|Amazon River is the world's second longest river and the chief river of South America.
0015890|Amazons were a tribe of warrior women in Greek mythology.
0015900|Ambassador is the personal representative of a country's head of state at the capital of another country.
0015940|Amber is a hard, yellowish-brown fossilized resin.
0015980|Ambergris is a waxy substance found in the intestines of some sperm whales.
0015990|Amberjack is a large, fast-swimming game fish found in warm and tropical oceans.
0016040|Ambivalence is a psychiatric term for contradictory feelings or thoughts about one's self, another person, or a situation.
0016050|Ambler, Eric (1909- ), an English author, won fame for his well-constructed novels of intrigue and international adventure.
0016120|Ambrose, Saint (340?-397), was a bishop of Milan and one of the most influential people of his time.
0016140|Ambrosia was a magical substance eaten by the gods of Greek and Roman mythology.
0016160|Ambulance is a vehicle designed to transport sick or injured people.
0016200|Ameba, also spelled amoeba, is a tiny, one-celled organism that usually can only be seen under a microscope.
0016280|Amendment, in legislation, is a change in a law, or in a bill before it becomes a law.
0016380|America is the great land mass of the Western Hemisphere.
0016400|America is one of the national hymns of the United States.
0016410|America First Committee, founded in September 1940, was the most powerful isolationist group in America before the United States entered World War II.
0016420|America the Beautiful, also called O Beautiful for Spacious Skies, is one of the most familiar and popular American patriotic songs.
0016440|American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters is an organization that promotes literature and the fine arts in the United States.
0016550|American Association for Adult and Continuing Education is an international organization that promotes learning as a lifelong process.
0016600|American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) is the world's largest federation of scientific organizations.
0016620|American Association of Retired Persons (AARP) is the largest private nonprofit membership organization in the world.
0016640|American Association of University Women (AAUW) is a national organization of men and women who have a bachelor's or higher degree.
0016710|American Baptist Association was organized in 1924 through the merger of three church groups--the General Association of Baptist Churches, the Baptist Missionary Association of Texas, and a Baptist convention in Oklahoma.
0016711|American Baptist Churches in the U.S.A. is an organization of Baptist churches, associations, and religious bodies.
0016720|American Bar Association is a voluntary organization of lawyers, judges, law students, and law teachers of the United States and its possessions.
0016820|American Bowling Congress (ABC) is a legislative and judicial body that governs about 3 million male bowlers in almost 120,000 sanctioned leagues in the Western Hemisphere.
0016880|American Chemical Society is an organization of chemists and chemical engineers.
0016900|American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) is a nonpartisan organization devoted to defending the rights and freedoms of people in the United States.
0017035|American Council on Alcohol Problems (ACAP) is a nonprofit organization that warns the public of the dangers of alcohol.
0017040|American Council on Education is an alliance of nearly 1,800 institutions and organizations of higher education.
0017160|American Eskimo dog is a small dog known for its fluffy, white coat.
0017220|American Farm Bureau Federation is the largest general farm organization in the United States.
0017250|American Federation of Government Employees (AFGE) is a union of civilian employees of the United States government and the District of Columbia.
0017260|American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO) is a federation of labor unions.
0017290|American Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employees is one of the largest unions in the United States.
0017300|American Federation of Teachers is a union affiliated with the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO).
0017440|American foxhound is a medium-sized hunting dog.
0017450|American Friends Service Committee (AFSC) is a Quaker organization committed to nonviolence and social equality.
0017475|American GI Forum of the United States is a civil rights organization for Mexican-American military veterans and their families.
0017630|American Indian Movement (AIM) is a civil rights organization in the United States and Canada.
0017640|American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics is a professional society for engineers and scientists who are engaged in aviation and space work in the United States.
0017700|American Kennel Club (AKC) is the world's largest registry for purebred dogs.
0017740|American Legion ranks as the largest veterans' organization in the United States.
0017760|American Legion Auxiliary is the largest women's patriotic organization in the United States.
0017780|American Library Association (ALA) is an organization founded in 1876 for libraries, librarians, library trustees, and other people interested in libraries.
0017800|American literature cannot be captured in a simple definition.
0017805|American Lung Association is the oldest nationwide voluntary public health agency in the United States.
0017820|American Medical Association (AMA) is a professional society of physicians.
0017860|American Museum of Natural History, in New York City, was incorporated in 1869 for the purpose of developing the study of natural science.
0017960|American Party is a conservative political party in the United States.
0018040|American Printing House for the Blind is one of the world's major publishers for the blind.
0018160|American Samoa is a United States territory, about 2,300 miles (3,700 kilometers) southwest of Hawaii.
0018170|American Samoa, National Park of, lies in the United States territory of American Samoa in the South Pacific Ocean.
0018220|American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) is an association of about 45,000 writers and publishers of music.
0018240|American Staffordshire terrier is a breed of dog that originated in the United States.
0018380|American water spaniel is a hunting dog that was developed in the United States.
0018420|American's Creed won a nationwide contest for William Tyler Page of Maryland in 1917 as "the best summary of the political faith of America.
0018440|Americans for Democratic Action (ADA) is an independent political organization that urges government action to promote and maintain liberal policies.
0018460|America's Cup is the world's most famous sailboat competition and the oldest trophy in international sports.
0018520|Americium is an artificially created radioactive element.
0018570|Ames, Adelbert, Jr. (1880-1955), was an American scientist known for his research in optics and visual perception.
0018600|Amethyst is a gemstone of a purple or bluish-violet color.
0018640|Amherst, Lord Jeffery (1717-1797), a British general, helped Britain win Canada from France.
0018680|Amiens, or in French (pop. 136,234; met. area pop. 156,120), is a city in northern France.
0018690|Amin Dada, Idi, (1925?- ), was the ruler of Uganda from 1971 to 1979.
0018720|Amino acid, is the name for the type of organic acids that make up all the proteins in living things.
0018730|Amis, Sir Kingsley (1922-1995), was an English novelist best known for his witty satirical stories about British society.
0018740|Amish, belong to a Protestant group that originated in Switzerland but is now centered in the United States and Canada.
0018760|Amman, (pop. 900,000), is the capital and largest city of Jordan.
0018800|Ammeter is an instrument that measures the electric current in a circuit in units called amperes.
0018840|Ammonia is a colorless alkaline gas made up of one part nitrogen and three parts hydrogen.
0018910|Ammons, A. R. (1926- ), is an American poet whose verse explores natural processes, from the cosmic to the microscopic.
0018920|Ammunition is any object fired or launched from a gun or some other weapon.
0018940|Amnesia is a partial or, in rare cases, a complete loss of memory.
0018960|Amnesty is forgiveness by a government for crimes against it.
0018965|Amnesty International is an independent, worldwide human-rights organization.
0018970|Amniocentesis is a medical procedure performed during pregnancy to help determine the health and maturity of an unborn baby.
0019000|Amon, became the most important god in ancient Egyptian mythology.
0019060|Amos, Book of, is a book of the Old Testament, or Hebrew Bible, named for an Israelite prophet.
0019120|Ampere is the unit used to measure the rate of flow of an electric current.
0019140|Ampere, Andre Marie, (1775-1836), a French mathematician and physicist, discovered the laws of electromagnetism in the 1820's.
0019180|Amphetamine is one of several drugs that increase physical and mental activity, prevent sleep, and decrease appetite.
0019220|Amphibian is an animal with scaleless skin that--with a few exceptions--lives part of its life in water and part on land.
0019230|Amphibious ship is a warship that lands troops, weapons, and vehicles on beaches during amphibious assaults.
0019240|Amphibious warfare is the conduct of military operations by naval, air, and land forces for the purpose of seizing a beach or coastal area.
0019260|Amphibole is any one of a large group of relatively hard minerals found in many igneous and metamorphic rocks (see ROCK ).
0019320|Amphioxus, also called lancelet, is a small sea animal that lives in shallow water.
0019350|Ampicillin is a drug used to treat infections caused by certain bacteria.
0019440|Amputation is the process of cutting off a limb, part of a limb, or another part of the body.
0019460|Amritsar, (pop. 709,456), is a manufacturing center in Punjab, a state in northern India.
0019520|Amsterdam (pop. 687,397; met. area pop. 945,062) is the capital and largest city of the Netherlands.
0019530|Amtrak is a semipublic corporation that operates intercity passenger trains in the United States.
0019560|Amulet is a charm that supposedly has magic power.
0019580|Amundsen, Roald, (1872-1928), a Norwegian explorer, led the first expedition to reach the South Pole.
0019600|Amur River is a huge river in eastern Siberia, formed by the joining of the Argun and Shilka rivers.
0019610|Amusement park is a permanent outdoor entertainment complex that typically offers games, rides, and shows.
0019640|AMVETS is an organization of veterans who have served honorably in the United States military.
0019720|Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, also called ALS, is a rare, incurable disease of the nervous system.
0019740|Anabaptists were one form of what has been called the radical wing of the Reformation of the 1500's.
0019800|Anableps, also called four-eyed fish, is a small fish that lives in freshwater streams of tropical America.
0019840|Anaconda is the name of two kinds of large snakes found in tropical South America.
0019900|Anacreon, (572?-487 B.C.), a Greek lyric poet, made wine and love his main themes.
0020000|Anaheim, Calif., is a residential and light-industrial city and tourist center.
0020020|Analgesic is any drug that relieves pain without causing unconsciousness.
0020030|Analog computer is a device that solves problems by measuring a continuously varying quantity, such as weight, speed, or voltage.
0020090|Anaphylactic shock, also called anaphylaxis, is a rare, life-threatening allergic reaction that affects the whole body.
0020160|Anarchism is a belief that every form of regulation or government is immoral, and that restraint of one person by another is an evil which must be destroyed.
0020300|Anatomy is the study of the biological structure of living things.
0020320|Anaxagoras, (500?-428 B.C.), was an early Greek philosopher.
0020340|Anaximander, (611?-547? B.C.), was an early Greek philosopher.
0020350|Anaximenes was an early Greek philosopher who lived in Miletus in Asia Minor (now Turkey) during the 500's B.C.
0020360|Ancestor worship refers to certain beliefs and practices of families with regard to ancestors who have been dead for many years.
0020400|Anchor is a heavy weight used to hold a ship or boat in place.
0020420|Anchorage (pop. 226,338) is Alaska's largest city in population and the state's main center of commerce and transportation.
0020440|Anchovy is a popular food fish related to the herring.
0020480|Ancient civilization refers to civilizations that flourished long ago.
0020700|Andersen, Hans Christian (1805-1875), was Denmark's most famous author.
0020760|Anderson, Carl David (1905-1991), an American physicist, discovered two subatomic particles--the positron and the muon.
0020790|Anderson, John Bayard (1922- ), a Republican congressman from Illinois, ran as an independent candidate for President of the United States in 1980.
0020800|Anderson, Dame Judith (1898-1992), ranked among the leading English-speaking actresses of the 1900's.
0020820|Anderson, Marian (1897-1993), was an African American contralto.
0020840|Anderson, Maxwell (1888-1959), an American playwright, brought seriousness and idealism to the theater.
0020880|Anderson, Sherwood (1876-1941), was an American short-story writer and novelist.
0020960|Andes Mountains are the world's longest chain of mountains above sea level.
0020980|Andorra, one of the smallest countries in the world, lies high in the Pyrenees mountains between France and Spain.
0021000|Andrada e Silva, Jose Bonifacio de, (1763-1838), was a Brazilian statesman known as the "architect of Brazilian independence.
0021020|Andre, John (1751-1780), a British officer, was hanged as a spy by the American Revolutionary Army.
0021070|Andretti, Mario (1940- ), became one of America's finest automobile racing drivers.
0021080|Andrew, Saint, was the first of the 12 apostles of Jesus Christ.
0021160|Andrews, Roy Chapman (1884-1960), was well known as an author and explorer, and as a leader of expeditions for the American Museum of Natural History.
0021180|Andrews Air Force Base, Maryland, is the headquarters of the Air Force Systems Command.
0021220|Andreyev, Leonid, (1871-1919), was a Russian prose writer and dramatist.
0021260|Androcles, also called Androclus, was a Roman slave who ran away from his master and hid in a cave.
0021300|Andromeda is a constellation of the northern celestial hemisphere.
0021320|Andromeda, in Greek mythology, was the daughter of Cassiopeia and Cepheus, rulers of Ethiopia.
0021330|Andropov, Yuri Vladimirovich, (1914-1984), served as general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from November 1982 until his death in February 1984.
0021340|Andros, Sir Edmund (1637-1714), an English administrator, served as governor of New York colony from 1674 to 1681.
0021460|Anemia is a condition in which the number of healthy red blood cells falls below normal.
0021480|Anemometer is an instrument that measures wind speed.
0021500|Anemone is any of more than 150 species of spring flowers that grow in woodlands and prairies in the United States and Canada.
0021560|Anesthesia is the loss of sensation--particularly that of pain--in all or part of the body.
0021570|Anesthesiology is a branch of medicine that deals with the administration of drugs for the relief of pain and anxiety during surgery and childbirth.
0021580|Aneurysm is a balloonlike bulge that forms in a weakened area of the wall of an artery or vein.
0021600|Angel, according to many religions, is a spiritual being created by God.
0021620|Angel Falls is the highest waterfall in the world.
0021640|Angelfish is the name of a type of fish that has a thin, oval body and long, pointed fins.
0021660|Angelico, Fra (1400?-1455), was an Italian painter.
0021730|Angelou, Maya, (1928- ), is an American author, poet, playwright, editor, actress, director, and teacher.
0021800|Angina pectoris is chest pain that occurs if the heart does not receive enough oxygen.
0021810|Angiography is a technique that makes blood vessels visible using X rays.
0021815|Angioplasty is a technique of opening arteries that have become blocked by deposits of cholesterol, calcium, and other substances.
0021820|Angiosperm is the name given to flowering plants.
0021840|Angkor was an early civilization that flourished in northwestern Cambodia from the early 800's to the 1400's.
0021860|Angle, in plane geometry, is a figure formed by two rays with the same end point.
0021965|Angles made up one of the Germanic peoples who invaded Britain during the A.D. 400's and 500's.
0022020|Anglicans are Christians who belong to churches that are part of the Anglican Communion.
0022140|Anglo-Saxon Chronicle is the first great work of English prose and the most important source for English history from about 800 to 1066.
0022150|Anglo-Saxons were members of the Germanic tribes that settled in what is now England in the A.D. 400's and 500's.
0022160|Angola is a country on the southwest coast of Africa.
0022200|Angora is a hair fiber made from the fur of the Angora rabbit.
0022240|Angstrom is a unit of length used to measure very small distances.
0022250|Anguilla is a coral island in the Caribbean Sea.
0022290|Anhinga, also called American darter, is a large bird that lives in swamps, ponds, and rivers in warm regions of the Western Hemisphere.
0022300|Anhydride is a chemical substance that forms acids or bases when combined with water.
0022320|Anhydrous ammonia is the liquid form of pure ammonia gas.
0022330|Ani is the name of three species of birds in the cuckoo family.
0022360|Aniline is a chemical best known for its use in making dyes.
0022380|Animal. Animals come in many shapes and sizes.
0022480|Animal experimentation is the use of animals in biological, medical, and psychological studies.
0022520|Animal husbandry is the science of producing livestock.
0022545|Animal rights movement is a term that refers to organized efforts opposing the use of animals for research, food, and clothing.
0022560|Animal worship is the practice of worshiping or honoring animals.
0022610|Animation is a motion-picture technique in which filmmakers create the illusion of motion, rather than recording it with a camera as live action.
0022620|Animism is a term for any religion in which souls of dead people or spirits of nature play an important role.
0022660|Anise is an annual herb related to caraway and dill.
0022680|Ankara, (pop. 2,559,500), is the capital of Turkey.
0022700|Ankle is the joint where the leg and the foot meet.
0022730|Ankylosaurus was a large, armored dinosaur that lived between 68 million years and 65 million years ago in what is now western North America.
0022740|Ankylosis, means a stiffening or a fusion of a joint, preventing motion.
0022760|Ann Arbor, Mich. (pop. 109,592; met. area pop. 490,058), is the home of the University of Michigan.
0022880|Annapolis, (pop. 33,187), is the capital of Maryland and the home of the United States Naval Academy.
0022900|Annapolis Convention was a meeting held in Annapolis, Md., in 1786 to discuss changes in the Articles of Confederation, the document that had served as the basic law of the United States since 1781.
0022920|Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia (pop. 633), is one of the oldest communities in North America.
0022940|Annapurna, one of the highest peaks in the world, rises 26,504 feet (8,078 meters) in the Himalaya.
0022980|Anne (1665-1714) was the first queen of Britain, which was formed when the Kingdom of Scotland united with the Kingdom of England and Wales in 1707.
0023000|Anne, Saint, is traditionally regarded as the wife of Joachim and mother of the Virgin Mary.
0023010|Anne of Austria (1601-1666) was the wife of King Louis XIII of France and the mother of King Louis XIV.
0023040|Annealing is a process of heating metals, glass, or other materials and then cooling them.
0023080|Annexation is a method that governments use to acquire and establish sovereignty over new territory.
0023160|Annual is a plant that grows, blossoms, produces seed, and dies within one growing season.
0023200|Annuity is a sum of money paid out at regular times, usually monthly or yearly.
0023220|Annulment is the declaration that a marriage never really existed, or was void from the beginning.
0023260|Annunciation is the announcement, according to Luke 1: 26-38, which the angel Gabriel made to Mary.
0023360|Anodizing is a type of electrolysis used to place a protective oxide coating on metal.
0023400|Anointing of the sick is a sacrament of the Roman Catholic Church and of Eastern Orthodox churches.
0023410|Anole is the name of about 300 species of lizards that live in the West Indies and in Central and South America.
0023450|Anorexia nervosa is an emotional illness in which a person refuses to eat.
0023460|Anouilh, Jean, (1910-1987), was a French playwright.
0023480|Anoxia is the lack of a normal supply of oxygen to body tissues, or the inability of the tissues to use the oxygen.
0023520|Anselm, Saint (1033-1109), was an influential medieval theologian and church leader.
0023560|Ant is the name of a family of small insects that live in organized communities.
0023600|Ant lion is an insect larva (immature form) that digs a pit in the soil to trap ants and other small insects for its food.
0023630|Antacid is any of a group of drugs that neutralize acid in the digestive system.
0023660|Antananarivo, (pop. 662,585), is the capital and largest city of Madagascar, which includes the island of Madagascar and small nearby islands.
0023700|Antarctic Circle is an imaginary line that forms the northern boundary of Antarctica.
0023720|Antarctic Ocean is the name sometimes given to the waters surrounding the Antarctic continent.
0023740|Antarctica is the ice-buried continent that covers and surrounds the South Pole.
0023780|Anteater is the name of a group of mammals that lack teeth and feed mostly on ants and termites.
0023800|Antecedent is a word or group of words to which a pronoun refers in a sentence.
0023820|Antelope is the name of a large group of animals that have hoofs and hollow horns.
0023840|Antenna, also called aerial, is a device that transmits and receives radio, television, and radar signals.
0023860|Antennae are long, delicate sensory organs on the heads of almost all insects and most other arthropods (see ARTHROPOD ).
0023980|Anthony, Susan Brownell (1820-1906), was a reformer and one of the first leaders of the campaign for women's rights.
0024000|Anthony of Padua, Saint (1195-1231), was a Christian religious leader and a popular preacher of his time.
0024020|Anthony of Thebes, Saint (250?-356), was the founder of Christian monasticism.
0024100|Anthrax is a severe infectious disease that chiefly affects animals but sometimes occurs in people.
0024140|Anthropology is the scientific study of humanity and of human culture.
0024150|Anthurium is the name of a large genus (group) of flowering plants native to tropical regions in North and South America.
0024420|Antibiotic is a drug produced by certain microbes.
0024460|Antichrist is a power or person opposed to Jesus Christ.
0024500|Anticoagulant is a chemical substance used to prevent the normal coagulation (clotting) of blood.
0024510|Anticonvulsant is a type of drug used to treat or prevent seizures.
0024520|Anticosti is a rocky island in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence, off the southern coast of Quebec.
0024538|Antidepressant is the name of a group of drugs commonly used to treat major depression, a severe mental illness.
0024540|Antidote is a substance that fights the harmful action of a poison in the body.
0024570|Anti-Federalists were a political group in the United States in the late 1780's that feared a strong national government.
0024580|Antifreeze is a substance that is added to a liquid to lower its freezing point.
0024620|Antigone, in Greek mythology, was the daughter of King Oedipus and Queen Jocasta, the rulers of Thebes.
0024630|Antigonid dynasty was the name of a line of kings that ruled Macedonia, a kingdom north of Greece.
0024650|Antigravity is a hypothetical force of repulsion.
0024680|Antigua, (pop. 15,801), formerly Antigua Guatemala, was the capital of Guatemala in colonial days.
0024690|Antigua and Barbuda is an island country in the Caribbean Sea.
0024700|Antihistamine, is the name of a group of drugs used to treat symptoms of allergies.
0024745|Anti-Masonic Party was an American political organization that was active during the late 1820's and early 1830's.
0024750|Antimatter is matter composed of elementary particles that are the opposite of ordinary particles.
0024757|Anti-Monopoly Party was active in U.S. politics in 1884.
0024760|Antimony, a chemical element, is a bluish-white, brittle metal.
0024800|Antioch, (pop. 123,900), is a commercial city in Turkey.
0024810|Antioxidant is any of a group of chemical compounds that may prevent certain types of cell damage.
0024920|Antipodes are two places that are exactly opposite each other on the globe.
0025020|Antique is an object from the past that has artistic or historical value.
0025040|Antirenters were a group of tenant farmers in New York who fought against paying rents to the landlords.
0025054|Anti-Semitism is prejudice against Jews.
0025060|Antiseptic is a substance that destroys--or stops the growth of--germs on living tissue.
0025100|Antitoxin is a substance made by living cells that counteracts illness caused by a toxin.
0025120|Antitrust laws are designed to protect competition.
0025240|Antoninus Pius, (A.D. 86-161), was Roman emperor from 138 until his death.
0025250|Antonioni, Michelangelo, (1912- ), is an Italian motion-picture director.
0025260|Antony, Mark (83?-30 B.C.), a Roman general and statesman, served as co-ruler of Rome from 43 B.C. until his death.
0025280|Antonym is a word that has the opposite meaning of another word.
0025300|Antwerp, (pop. 462,800), is Belgium's main port and one of Europe's largest.
0025320|Anubis was an important god of the underworld among the ancient Egyptians.
0025400|Anxiety is a term used by psychiatrists and psychologists to mean the same as fear or worry.
0025460|Anzio, (pop. 33,497), is a small seaport and resort on the west coast of Italy.
0025520|Aorta is the body's longest and largest artery.
0025560|Apache Indians, belong to any of about five tribes of the Southwestern United States.
0025620|Apartheid, was, from 1948 until 1991, the South African government's policy of rigid racial segregation.
0025650|Apatosaurus was a giant, plant-eating dinosaur that lived about 150 million years ago in what is now the Western United States.
0025660|Ape is a member of the group of animals that most closely resemble human beings.
0025680|Apelles was one of the most famous ancient Greek painters.
0025700|Apennine Tunnel is a train tunnel on the Florence-Bologna railroad line in north-central Italy.
0025720|Apennines is the name of a mountain range in Italy that extends from the Gulf of Genoa to the Strait of Messina, about 840 miles (1,350 kilometers).
0025730|Apgar score is a system for evaluating the physical condition of a baby immediately after birth.
0025740|Aphasia is the loss or partial loss of the ability to use and understand spoken and written language.
0025780|Aphid, also called plant louse, is a tiny, soft-bodied insect that feeds on plant juices.
0025820|Aphrodite was a major Greek goddess.
0025840|Apia, (pop. 36,000), is the capital of Western Samoa.
0025990|Apollinaire, Guillaume, (1880-1918), a French poet, was a leader in the arts in Paris during the decade before World War I (1914-1918).
0026000|Apollo was a major god in Greek mythology.
0026030|Aponte Martinez, Luis Cardinal, (1922- ), archbishop of San Juan, became the first Puerto Rican cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.
0026055|Apostlebird is a quick-moving, gray or black bird about 12 inches (30 centimeters) long.
0026060|Apostles, in the New Testament, are the 12 men chosen by Jesus Christ to be His close companions.
0026120|Apostles' Creed is a statement of the main Western Christian beliefs.
0026160|Apothecaries' weight is a system of weights once widely used by druggists for prescriptions.
0026200|Appalachian Mountains are the second largest mountain system of North America.
0026260|Appalachian National Scenic Trail is a footpath that extends about 2,000 miles (3,200 kilometers) from Mt. Katahdin in Maine to Springer Mountain in Georgia.
0026300|Appeal is the transfer of a legal action to a higher, or superior, court for review.
0026360|Appendicitis is an inflammation of the vermiform appendix (see APPENDIX ).
0026380|Appendix, in anatomy, is a structure attached to a larger or more important part.
0026500|Appian Way was the first and most famous military highway built by the ancient Romans.
0026520|Apple is one of the most important fruits that grow on trees.
0026540|Apple butter is a spread for bread made by cooking apples to a thick, pasty consistency, and seasoning with spices.
0026560|Apple maggot is the wormlike larva (young) of the apple fly.
0026600|Apple of Sodom is a spiny plant found near Jericho, a city in the Middle East.
0026640|Appleseed, Johnny (1774-1845), was the name given to John Chapman, an American pioneer who planted large numbers of apple trees along the early frontier.
0026660|Appleton, Sir Edward Victor (1892-1965), a British physicist, won the 1947 Nobel Prize in physics for his discovery of the Appleton layer in the ionosphere.
0026720|Applique is a decorative process used in sewing and dressmaking.
0026740|Appomattox Court House was a little country settlement in central Virginia.
0026750|Apportionment is the process by which representation in legislative bodies is distributed among the people.
0026760|Apposition extends the meaning of a word or phrase next to it.
0026780|Appraisal is an opinion of value, usually the market value of a piece of property.
0026800|Apprentice is a person who learns a trade by working under the guidance of a skilled master.
0026820|Apprenticeship and Training, Bureau of, is an agency of the Employment and Training Administration of the U.S. Department of Labor.
0026860|Apricot is a golden, peachlike fruit with a pit.
0026880|April is the fourth month of the year, according to the Gregorian calendar, which is used in almost all the world today.
0026900|April Fools' Day, or All Fools' Day, is the first day of April.
0027000|Apuleius, Lucius, (A.D. 125?-170?), wrote the only completely preserved novel in ancient Latin, Metamorphoses, also called The Golden Ass.
0027040|Aqua regia is a mixture of nitric and hydrochloric acids.
0027047|Aquaculture is the controlled raising of marine animals and seaweeds.
0027060|Aquamarine is a light blue or bluish-green variety of a gemstone called beryl.
0027100|Aquarium is a place where people keep fish and other water animals.
0027120|Aquarius is the 11th sign of the zodiac.
0027180|Aqueduct is an artificial channel through which water is conducted to the place where it is used.
0027220|Aquinas, Saint Thomas (1225?-1274), was one of the greatest medieval philosophers and theologians.
0027230|Aquino, Corazon, (1933- ), was the first woman president of the Philippines.
0027260|Arab-Israeli conflict is a struggle between the Jewish state of Israel and the Arabs of the Middle East.
0027300|Arab League is an organization of 21 Middle Eastern and African nations and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO).
0027360|Arabesque is a term used to describe the lacy surface decoration common in Islamic art.
0027420|Arabian Desert is a desert that covers most of the Arabian Peninsula.
0027480|Arabian Nights, a collection of about 200 stories, is probably the most famous piece of Arabic literature in the West.
0027490|Arabian Peninsula, in southwestern Asia, is a vast land that is largely desert.
0027500|Arabian Sea, part of the Indian Ocean, lies between the Arabian Peninsula and India.
0027520|Arabic language is one of the world's most widely used languages.
0027530|Arabic literature is the literature of people who speak the Arabic language, the official language of 19 Arab nations.
0027540|Arabic numerals, also called Hindu-Arabic numerals, are the most common symbols used to represent numbers.
0027560|Arabs are a large group of people whose native language is Arabic and who share a common history and culture.
0027580|Arachne was a skilled weaver in Greek mythology.
0027600|Arachnid is the name of any member of a class of small, insectlike, land animals.
0027625|Arafat, Yasir (1929- ), became chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) in 1969.
0027700|Aral Sea is a large saltwater lake in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan.
0027740|Aramaic language is a language of the Middle East.
0027800|Arapaho Indians are a tribe who once hunted on the Great Plains of North America.
0027820|Ararat was the country where, according to the Bible, Noah's ark landed after the Deluge.
0027840|Araucanian Indians, a large group in South America, are famous for their long and successful resistance to the Spaniards.
0027860|Arawak Indians were the first American Indians that Christopher Columbus met in the Americas in 1492.
0027900|Arbitration is the judging of a dispute by one or more impartial persons whose decision will be final and binding.
0027920|Arbor Day is a day set apart for planting trees.
0027940|Arboretum is an outdoor laboratory where trees, shrubs, and other woody plants are grown under natural conditions.
0028000|Arbutus is the name given to a number of evergreen plants of the heath family.
0028080|Arc de Triomphe, in Paris is the largest triumphal arch in the world.
0028160|Arcadia, one of the departments of present-day Greece, was an important region in ancient times.
0028200|Arcaro, Eddie (1916- ), an American jockey, rode 4,779 winners in 31 years of racing.
0028240|Arch is a curved structure that supports or strengthens a building.
0028320|Archaeology is the scientific study of the remains of past human cultures.
0028340|Archaeopteryx is the name of a genus (group) of feathered animals that lived about 140 million years ago, during the late Jurassic Period.
0028420|Archbishop is the chief bishop of a religious province in the Roman Catholic Church and other churches.
0028520|Archerfish is any of six species of large-eyed fish that can shoot drops of water from their mouth into the air with force and accuracy.
0028540|Archery is the sport of shooting with a bow and arrow.
0028560|Arches National Park lies near Moab in southeastern Utah.
0028600|Archimedean screw is a device for raising water.
0028610|Archimedean solid is any of 13 solid figures.
0028620|Archimedes, (287?-212 B.C.), was the most original and profound mathematician of ancient times.
0028660|Archipelago is a Greek word that means chief sea.
0028680|Archipenko, Alexander (1887-1964), was a pioneer cubist sculptor.
0028740|Architecture is a term with several meanings, all related to buildings.
0028800|Archon was the title of certain high-ranking administrators in many of the city-states of ancient Greece.
0028820|Arctic is the region of continuous cold around the North Pole.
0028840|Arctic Circle, is an imaginary line that runs through the northern parts of Canada, Alaska, Russia, and Scandinavia.
0028860|Arctic fox is a small fox that lives in the barren, treeless regions surrounding the Arctic Ocean and on many islands in that sea.
0028900|Arctic Ocean is the smallest of the world's oceans.
0028920|Arctic tern is a sea bird often called the migration champion of the world.
0028960|Arcturus, also called Alpha Bootes, is the fourth brightest star in the night sky.
0028980|Ardennes Mountains and Forest, extend from northern France into Belgium and Luxembourg.
0029000|Ardizzone, Edward (1900-1979), was a British author and illustrator of award-winning books for children.
0029040|Area, in plane geometry, is the amount of surface contained within the boundaries of a plane figure.
0029060|Arena was the area used for combat with beasts or between gladiators in an ancient Roman amphitheater.
0029120|Areopagus was the oldest and most respected council of ancient Athens.
0029140|Arequipa, (pop. 591,700), is the commercial center of southern Peru and one of Peru's largest cities.
0029160|Ares was a god of war in Greek mythology.
0029180|Arethusa was a beautiful nymph in Greek mythology.
0029280|Argelander, Friedrich Wilhelm August, (1799-1875), was a Finnish-German astronomer, and professor of astronomy at Bonn, Germany.
0029320|Argentina is the second largest country in South America in area and the third largest in population.
0029380|Argon is a chemical element that forms 0.94 percent of the earth's atmosphere.
0029400|Argonaut is a sea animal of the same class as the octopus and squid.
0029420|Argonauts, in Greek mythology were the companions of Jason, a famous hero.
0029460|Argonne National Laboratory is one of the largest centers in the United States for research and development in energy technologies.
0029500|Argus was a gigantic monster in Greek mythology.
0029560|Arhus, also spelled Aarhus (pop. 204,139), is Denmark's second largest city.
0029620|Arianism was an early Christian theological view taught by Arius, a priest of Alexandria, Egypt.
0029650|Arias Sanchez, Oscar (1941- ), served as president of Costa Rica from 1986 to 1990.
0029720|Aries is the first sign of the zodiac.
0029740|Arikara Indians are a tribe that once lived in villages along the Missouri River.
0029760|Ariosto, Ludovico, (1474-1533), was a poet of the Italian Renaissance.
0029800|Aristarchus, of Samos, was a Greek astronomer who lived in the 200's B.C.
0029820|Aristides, (530?-468? B.C.), called the "Just," was an Athenian statesman and military leader.
0029840|Aristocracy is a high social class that often used to include the government leaders of a state or nation.
0029860|Aristophanes, (445?-385? B.C.), was the greatest ancient Greek writer of comedy.
0029880|Aristotle, (384-322 B.C.), a Greek philosopher, educator, and scientist, was one of the greatest and most influential thinkers in Western culture.
0029900|Arithmetic gives us the answers to questions such as "How many?
0029940|Arius, (A.D. 256?-336), was a priest of Alexandria, Egypt, who founded an early Christian theological view called Arianism.
0029960|Arizona, once thought to be an almost worthless desert, has become a prosperous state of the United States.
0029980|Arizona, University of is a state-supported coeducational institution in Tucson, Ariz.
0030020|Arizona State University is a coeducational state-supported university with campuses in Tempe and Phoenix.
0030040|Ark usually refers to the vessel that sheltered Noah and his family during the Deluge (great flood) described in the Bible (Gen. 6).
0030060|Ark of the Covenant was a sacred wooden chest described in the Bible as representing God's presence.
0030080|Arkansas, one of the Southern States of the United States, is a beautiful land of mountains and valleys, thick forests, and fertile plains.
0030100|Arkansas, University of, is a coeducational land-grant school with campuses in Fayetteville, Little Rock, Monticello, and Pine Bluff, Arkansas.
0030200|Arkansas River is a stream of the south-central United States.
0030240|Arkhangelsk, (pop. 419,000), is one of the largest far-northern cities in the world.
0030260|Arkwright, Sir Richard (1732-1792), was a British inventor and manufacturer.
0030360|Arlington National Cemetery is one of the largest and most famous national cemeteries in the United States.
0030400|Arm is the upper limb of a human being.
0030440|Armadillo is any of several small American mammals with bony plates in their upper body skin.
0030460|Armageddon is a Greek word taken from the Hebrew Har-Megiddo, which probably means Mount Megiddo.
0030500|Armani, Giorgio (1934- ), is a leading Italian fashion designer.
0030560|Armature is the coil of wire in which electric current is produced in an electric generator.
0030620|Armed Forces Day honors all branches of the armed forces of the United States.
0030700|Armed Forces Staff College is part of the United States Department of Defense's National Defense University.
0030720|Armenia is a country that lies in the Caucasus Mountain region.
0030740|Armey, Dick (1940- ), a Republican from Texas, became majority leader of the United States House of Representatives in 1995.
0030780|Arminius, Jacobus, (1560-1609), was a Dutch theologian.
0030820|Armor is a covering used primarily for protection in battle.
0030900|Armour, Philip Danforth (1832-1901), an American businessman, was the principal founder of Armour and Company, one of the world's largest meat-packing firms.
0030960|Arms control is the limiting, regulating, reducing, or eliminating of a nation's armed forces and weapons.
0030980|Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, United States, is an independent federal agency that coordinates government activities in international arms control.
0031000|Armstrong, Edwin Howard (1890-1954), an American electrical engineer and inventor, made important contributions to electronics and radio communication.
0031040|Armstrong, Louis (1901?-1971), was one of the most famous and influential performers in the history of jazz.
0031060|Armstrong, Neil Alden (1930- ), a United States astronaut, was the first person to set foot on the moon.
0031100|Army is the branch of a nation's armed forces that is trained to fight on land.
0031120|Army, Department of the, is one of the three military departments within the Department of Defense of the United States government.
0031140|Army, United States, is the branch of the armed services responsible for military land operations.
0031260|Army War College, in Carlisle Barracks, Penn., is the senior educational institution of the United States Army.
0031280|Army worm is a caterpillar especially harmful to corn and other grains, and garden crops east of the Rocky Mountains in the United States and Canada.
0031340|Arnica is the name of about 45 kinds of plants of the Northern Hemisphere that yield a juice used to drive away the blood that collects in bruises.
0031380|Arno River rises in the Etruscan section of the Apennine Mountains in northwestern Italy.
0031400|Arnold, Benedict (1741-1801), was an American general of the Revolutionary War period.
0031410|Arnold, Eddy (1918- ), an American singer, was a leading performer in country music from the mid-1940's through the 1960's.
0031420|Arnold, Henry Harley (1886-1950), developed the small U.S. Army Air Corps into a large, powerful U.S. Air Force.
0031440|Arnold, Matthew (1822-1888), was one of the intellectual leaders of Victorian England.
0031550|Arp, Jean, (1887-1966), was a French sculptor.
0031640|Arrest is the act of taking a person into the custody of the law and depriving the person of liberty.
0031710|Arrhythmia is an abnormal heart rhythm.
0031730|Arrow, Kenneth Joseph (1921- ), an American economist, shared the 1972 Nobel Prize in economics with Sir John Hicks of Great Britain.
0031740|Arrowhead is the striking end of an arrow.
0031780|Arrowroot is the common name for several plants that are cultivated in nearly all tropical countries.
0031840|Arsenic is a semimetallic chemical element.
0031860|Arsenical is one of a group of drugs that contain arsenic and have been used as a medicine.
0031880|Arson is the crime of willfully and maliciously damaging or destroying a building or other property by fire or explosion.
0031960|Art and the arts. In a broad sense, art is skill in making or doing.
0031990|Art deco was a style of design that became popular during the 1920's and 1930's.
0032040|Art Institute of Chicago is a museum of art and a cultural and educational center.
0032070|Art nouveau was a decorative style of design that flourished from the 1890's until about 1910.
0032100|Artemis was a goddess in Greek mythology.
0032120|Arteriosclerosis is a disease of the arteries.
0032140|Artery is the name of the tubes or blood vessels through which blood is pumped away from the heart to the various parts of the body.
0032180|Artesian well is a well that taps ground water which is under pressure.
0032200|Arthritis is any of more than 100 diseases of the joints.
0032220|Arthropod is any animal that belongs to the major division, or phylum, of the animal kingdom called the Arthropoda.
0032230|Arthroscopy is the technique of using an arthroscope to examine a joint of the body.
0032240|Arthur, Chester Alan (1829-1886), became President after James A. Garfield died from an assassin's bullet.
0032260|Arthur, King, was a legendary king of medieval Britain.
0032280|Artichoke is a large, thistlelike plant that produces edible flower buds.
0032300|Article, in grammar, is the name given to one of three words--a, an, and the.
0032320|Articles of Confederation was the agreement under which the 13 original states established a federal government in 1781.
0032340|Articles of War governed the conduct of United States Army personnel until 1951, when the Uniform Code of Military Justice became effective.
0032420|Artificial eye is worn by a person who has had an eye removed because of disease or injury.
0032430|Artificial heart is a device designed to replace a natural heart.
0032470|Artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science.
0032480|Artificial limb is a synthetic replacement for an arm or leg lost as the result of injury, disease, or a birth defect.
0032525|Artificial sweetener is a synthetic substance used in food and beverages in place of sugar.
0032530|Artificial turf is a manufactured product that looks like grass.
0032540|Artigas, Jose Gervasio, (1764-1850), was a leader in Uruguay's struggle for independence.
0032560|Artillery includes mounted guns or rocket launchers that are too large or too heavy to be classed as small arms.
0032620|Arts, American Federation of (AFA), is a nonprofit service organization that aims to broaden public knowledge and appreciation of historical and contemporary art.
0032720|Arts and Sciences, American Academy of, is one of the oldest learned societies in the United States.
0032780|Aruba is an island in the West Indies that belongs to the Netherlands.
0032800|Arum is the name of a large family of plants.
0032840|Aryans is a term used both for a group of Asian languages and for certain Asian peoples.
0032900|Asbestos is any of a group of soft, threadlike mineral fibers.
0032920|Asbjornsen, Peter Christen, (1812-1885), was a collector of Norwegian folk tales and a naturalist.
0032940|Asbury, Francis (1745-1816), was the most important Methodist leader in America during the late 1700's and early 1800's.
0033040|Ascension is an island in the South Atlantic about 700 miles (1,100 kilometers) northwest of Saint Helena and 500 miles (800 kilometers) south of the equator.
0033080|Asceticism is the practice of self-denial or self-punishment, often for religious purposes.
0033100|Asch, Sholem, (1880-1957), a Polish-born author, was the first person to achieve international recognition writing in Yiddish.
0033150|Asclepius was the god of healing in Greek mythology.
0033260|Ash is a group of hardwood trees found in North America, Europe, and Asia.
0033280|Ash is the substance that remains after an organic substance has been burned.
0033320|Ash Wednesday is the first day of Lent.
0033340|Ashanti are the largest and most powerful ethnic group in the West African country of Ghana.
0033345|Ashbery, John (1927- ), is an American poet.
0033350|Ashcan School was a group of American artists of the early 1900's known mainly for their realistic paintings of city life.
0033355|Ashe, Arthur (1943-1993), a tennis player, became the first African American to win the U.S. men's national singles championship.
0033360|Asheville (pop. 61,607; met. area 191,774) is the economic and cultural center of 18 counties in western North Carolina.
0033365|Ashgabat, (pop. 407,000), is the capital of Turkmenistan.
0033450|Ashton, Sir Frederick (1904-1988), was an English choreographer (creator of dances).
0033480|Ashurbanipal, also spelled Assurbanipal, was the last great king of the Assyrians.
0033520|Asia is the largest continent in both size and population.
0033540|Asia Minor is a peninsula of western Asia between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea.
0033543|Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) is a forum for the discussion of economic cooperation in the Pacific region.
0033545|Asian Americans are Americans of Asian descent.
0033550|Asian Development Bank (ADB) lends money to developing countries of Asia to promote their economic growth.
0033560|Asimov, Isaac (1920-1992), was an American author.
0033570|Askia Muhammad (1441?-1538), also called Askia I or Askia the Great, ruled the empire of Songhai in western Africa during the height of its power.
0033580|Asmara, (pop. 358,100), is the capital and largest city of Eritrea.
0033600|Asoka, (?-232 B.C.), was an emperor of ancient India.
0033620|Asp is the name of a cobra found in Egypt.
0033640|Asparagus is a nutritious green vegetable.
0033680|Aspen, Colo. (pop. 5,049), once a rich silver-mining center, is now a year-round resort.
0033700|Aspen is the name of three species of medium-sized poplar trees found in North America, Europe, Asia, and Africa.
0033720|Asphalt is a black cementlike substance that is found in most crude petroleum.
0033760|Asphyxiation is a condition that occurs when breathing stops.
0033780|Aspidistra is a widely cultivated house plant.
0033790|Aspin, Les (1938-1995), was United States secretary of defense under President Bill Clinton in 1993 and 1994.
0033800|Aspirin, also known as acetylsalicylic acid, is one of the most commonly used drugs in the world.
0033820|Asquith, Herbert Henry (1852-1928), served as prime minister of Britain from 1908 to 1916.
0033850|Assad, Hafez al- (1930- ), became president of Syria in 1971.
0033880|Assassination is the murder of a person who holds a position of public importance.
0033900|Assault and battery is a legal term that involves a physical threat and act.
0033920|Assaying is any process used to determine the amount of one or more metals or valuable minerals contained in substances.
0033940|Assemblies of God is the largest Pentecostal religious denomination in the world.
0034000|Assembly line is a group of work areas, called stations, arranged in a certain order to make a product.
0034020|Assessment is the process of assigning a cash value to property for the purpose of taxation.
0034060|Assignment is the legal term for the transfer of rights to property or money from one person to another.
0034080|Assimilation is the process by which cells convert food into living tissues.
0034090|Assimilation is the process through which one social and cultural group becomes part of another social and cultural group.
0034100|Assiniboia was the name of two territorial districts in what are now the United States and Canada.
0034120|Assiniboine Indians are a large Plains tribe who live in parts of Canada and the United States.
0034220|Associated Press (AP) is one of the world's largest news-gathering services and one of two general news services in the United States.
0034260|Association, in psychology, refers to one theory of how people learn things.
0034285|Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History conducts and promotes research and study of the black person's role in world history.
0034345|Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is an organization of seven Southeast Asian countries--Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.
0034380|Assumption is the religious belief that a certain person was taken bodily into heaven.
0034460|Assyria was an ancient country on the upper Tigris River in Mesopotamia.
0034480|Astaire, Fred (1899-1987), an American dancer and actor, became a popular star of musical motion pictures.
0034500|Astarte is the Greek name for one of the most important goddesses of the ancient Middle East.
0034520|Astatine is the heaviest member of the halogen family of chemical elements.
0034540|Aster is the name of a large group of plants valued for their colorful flowers.
0034580|Asteroid is any of numerous small planetary bodies that revolve around the sun.
0034600|Asthma is a disease involving a type of breathlessness.
0034620|Astigmatism is a visual defect in which both nearby and distant objects appear blurred.
0034640|Aston, Francis William (1877-1945), was an English physicist.
0034661|Astor, John Jacob (1763-1848), was a famous American businessman.
0034664|Astor, Lady (1879-1964), became the first woman to serve in the British Parliament.
0034680|Astoria, (pop. 10,069), is a historic seaport at the mouth of the Columbia River in the northwest corner of Oregon.
0034700|Astrakhan, (pop. 510,000), is a city in southwestern Russia, on the Volga River Delta.
0034760|Astrolabe is an instrument used by early astronomers and navigators to measure the angles of celestial bodies above the horizon.
0034780|Astrology is the study of how the sun, moon, planets, and stars are supposedly related to life and events on the earth.
0034800|Astronaut is a person who pilots a spacecraft or works in space.
0034820|Astronautics is the scientific study of space flight.
0034860|Astronomy is the study of the stars, planets, and other objects that make up the universe.
0034900|Astrophysics is a science that applies principles of physics to many fields of astronomy.
0034910|Asturias, Miguel Angel, (1899-1974), a Guatemalan author and diplomat, won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1967.
0034940|Asuncion, (pop. 457,210), is the capital, largest city, and chief port of Paraguay.
0034960|Aswan, (pop. 220,000), is an important commercial, mining, and resort city in southeastern Egypt.
0034980|Aswan High Dam, controls the floodwaters of the Nile River in Egypt.
0034990|Asylum, in international law, is shelter and protection that is given by a nation to a person who is fleeing another nation.
0035010|AT&T Corp. is one of the world's largest communications companies.
0035040|Atacama Desert is a barren, mineral-rich region in northern Chile and the southern tip of Peru.
0035060|Atahualpa, (1500?-1533), also called Atabalipa, was the last ruler of the Inca Empire in Peru.
0035120|Ataturk, Kemal, (1881-1938), was the founder and first president of the Republic of Turkey.
0035160|Ataxia is a lack of coordination in the muscles.
0035200|Atchison, David Rice (1807-1886), was a United States senator from Missouri.
0035260|Athabasca River is one of the most important rivers in western Canada.
0035300|Athanasius, Saint (295?-373), was the leading Christian churchman of his time.
0035360|Atheism is the belief that God does not exist.
0035400|Athena, in Greek mythology, was the goddess of warfare, wisdom, and arts and crafts.
0035500|Athens, (pop. 748,110; met. area pop. 3,096,775), is one of the world's most famous and historic cities.
0035600|Athlete's foot is an infectious skin disease that involves itching and scaling between the toes and on the soles of the feet.
0035620|Athletics means sports in the United States (see SPORTS ).
0035640|Athlone, Earl of (1874-1957), a member of the British royal family and a military officer, served as governor general of Canada from 1940 to 1946.
0035740|Atlanta is the capital and largest city of Georgia.
0035860|Atlantic Charter expressed the post-World War II aims of the United States and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
0035900|Atlantic City, N.J. (pop. 37,986), is one of the largest seaside resorts in the world.
0035940|Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway is a sheltered water route used by boats along the Atlantic Coast of the United States.
0035980|Atlantic Ocean is the world's second largest ocean.
0036020|Atlantic Provinces are the four Canadian provinces of New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island.
0036060|Atlantic States are states of the United States that lie south of New England and which border on the Atlantic Ocean or are closely tied to it economically.
0036120|Atlantis was a legendary continent that many people believe sank into the Atlantic Ocean thousands of years ago.
0036160|Atlas is usually a book of maps.
0036180|Atlas, in Greek mythology, was one of a group of gods called Titans.
0036200|Atlas Mountains extend for 1,500 miles (2,410 kilometers) across northwestern Africa.
0036220|Atmosphere is a measure of atmospheric pressure.
0036240|Atmosphere is the mass of gases that surrounds a planet or other heavenly body.
0036300|Atoll is a circular ring of coral in the open sea, built up on a sunken bank, or formed on the crater of a volcano that has sunk below the surface of the sea.
0036320|Atom is one of the basic units of matter.
0036400|Atomic clock is a device for measuring time intervals by measuring the frequency of electromagnetic waves given off or absorbed by atoms or molecules.
0036440|Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) was a United States government agency that directed the development and use of atomic energy.
0036670|Atomism is a philosophical view that developed in Greece during the 400's B.C.
0036700|Atomizer is a device used to break a liquid into a fine spray.
0036720|Atoms for Peace Award honored people who made outstanding contributions to the peaceful uses of nuclear energy.
0036840|Atrium was the central room of early Roman houses.
0036880|Atrophy is the normal or abnormal shrinking of any part of the body.
0036900|Atropine is a drug derived from several plants in the nightshade family, especially from a bushy plant called belladonna or deadly nightshade.
0036960|Attache is an officer attached to a diplomatic office.
0036980|Attachment is the legal term for a court order to seize a person or a person's property.
0037000|Attainder is a legal term for the loss of civil rights by an outlawed person or a person sentenced to death.
0037020|Attar is a sweet-smelling oil obtained from rose petals.
0037060|Attila, (?-A.D. 453), was a king who united the Huns, a Mongoloid people that began to invade the Roman Empire during the late A.D. 300's.
0037080|Attlee, Clement Richard (1883-1967), was the leader of the British Labour Party from 1935 to 1955.
0037160|Attorney general is the chief law officer in the governments of English-speaking countries.
0037220|Attucks, Crispus (1723?-1770), was a leader of the patriot crowd that British troops fired upon in the so-called "Boston Massacre" of 1770.
0037230|Atwood, Margaret (1939- ) is a Canadian poet, novelist, and critic.
0037240|Auburn University is a coeducational state university with campuses in Auburn and Montgomery, Ala.
0037250|Auchincloss, Louis (1917- ), is an American author.
0037260|Auckland, (pop. 855,571), is the largest city and chief seaport of New Zealand.
0037300|Auction is a sale at which people bid for articles being sold.
0037340|Auden, W. H. (1907-1973), an English-born poet, is best known for the remarkable variety of his works.
0037367|Audiology is a profession devoted to the diagnosis and treatment of hearing problems.
0037380|Audio-visual materials, also known as instructional media, are educational devices that work through sight, sound, or both.
0037440|Audit is a systematic and official examination and check of business activities.
0037560|Audubon, John James (1785-1851), was one of the first to study and paint the birds of North America.
0037580|Audubon Society, National, is one of the oldest and largest national conservation organizations in the world.
0037600|Auer, Leopold (1845-1930), a Hungarian violinist, became one of the most famous violin teachers of his time.
0037610|Auerbach, Red (1917- ), was one of the greatest coaches in the history of the National Basketball Association (NBA).
0037640|Augsburg, (pop. 250,197), is a commercial and industrial city in southern Germany.
0037680|Augsburg Confession was a short summary of the religious teachings of Martin Luther.
0037700|Augur was the title given to people in ancient Rome who interpreted signs for government officials.
0037720|August is the eighth month of the year according to the Gregorian calendar, which is used in almost all the world today.
0037740|Augusta, Ga. (pop. 44,639; met. area pop. 415,184), lies on the state's eastern boundary, about 125 miles (201 kilometers) from the mouth of the Savannah River.
0037760|Augusta, (pop. 21,325), is the capital of Maine.
0037840|Augustine, Saint (354-430), was one of the greatest leaders of the early Christian church.
0037860|Augustine of Canterbury, Saint (?-604), was the apostle to the English nation and the first archbishop of Canterbury.
0037880|Augustus (63 B.C.-A.D. 14), meaning the exalted, was the name given Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus (Octavian) when he became the first Roman emperor in 27 B.C.
0037900|Auk is the name of a family of sea birds that includes dovekies, guillemots, murres, and puffins.
0037960|Auld Lang Syne is the title of a traditional song of friendship in the English-speaking world.
0037962|Aung San Suu Kyi, Daw, (1945- ), is a Burmese political leader.
0037970|Aurangzeb, (1618-1707), was an emperor who ruled what is now India and Pakistan from 1658 until his death.
0037980|Aurelian, (A.D. 215?-275), was a Roman emperor.
0038080|Auriga, also called the Wagoner or the Charioteer, is the name of a constellation.
0038100|Aurochs, also called urus, is the name of a kind of extinct wild ox.
0038120|Aurora was the Roman name for Eos, the Greek goddess of the dawn.
0038160|Aurora is a natural display of light in the sky that can be seen with the unaided eye only at night.
0038220|Auschwitz was a forced-labor and extermination center run by the German Nazis during World War II (1939-1945).
0038240|Austen, Jane (1775-1817), one of the best-loved English novelists, wrote with a keen sense of irony about the social institutions of her time.
0038260|Austerlitz, Battle of, was a major battle of the Napoleonic Wars.
0038300|Austin (pop. 465,622; met. area pop. 781,572) is the capital of Texas and its educational center.
0038350|Austin, Stephen Fuller (1793-1836), was an American colonizer and pioneer.
0038400|Australasia, refers to Australia, New Guinea, New Zealand, and other nearby islands.
0038420|Australia is the only country that is also a continent.
0038490|Australian cattle dog is a breed of dog that originated in Australia during the 1800's.
0038500|Australian Desert refers to three deserts that cover most of western and central Australia.
0038510|Australian shepherd is a medium-sized dog that was originally bred for herding livestock.
0038520|Australian terrier is a small dog once used to guard mines and tend sheep in Australia.
0038560|Australopithecus is regarded by most anthropologists as the earliest group of humanlike creatures.
0038580|Austria is a small country in central Europe famous for its beautiful mountain scenery.
0038600|Austria-Hungary, also called the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy and the Dual Monarchy, was a country in central Europe from 1867 until 1918.
0038720|Authoritarianism is any form of government in which relatively few people run the country, and the rest of the population takes little part in decision making.
0038765|Autism is a rare, severe developmental disorder that begins before four years of age.
0038800|Autobiography is a type of biography in which the author tells the story of his or her own life.
0038840|Autocracy is a form of government in which one person holds supreme power.
0038860|Autogiro is a type of heavier-than-air craft that is supported in the air by a rotor instead of by fixed wings, as an airplane is.
0038880|Autograph is anything handwritten.
0038885|Automated teller machine (ATM) is a computer terminal that functions as a miniature financial institution.
0038980|Automatic pilot, also called gyropilot, is a device that automatically steers ships or aircraft.
0039000|Automation is the use of machines to perform tasks that require decision making.
0039020|Automobile is the most important means of personal transportation for many millions of people around the globe.
0039030|Automobile, Model, is a small-scale copy of a car.
0039040|Automobile Association, American (AAA), is the world's largest travel organization.
0039160|Automobile racing is a thrilling sport that tests the speed and performance of automobiles and the skill and daring of drivers.
0039260|Autopsy is an external and internal examination of the dead.
0039280|Autry, Gene (1907- ), became famous for his roles as a singing cowboy in Western films from the 1930's through the early 1950's.
0039300|Autumn is the season between summer and winter.
0039360|Auxin is the name of a group of hormones that help control plant growth.
0039400|Avalanche is a mass of snow that slides down a mountain slope.
0039430|Avant-garde is a term commonly used to describe people in any field who break with tradition and conventional standards in their work.
0039480|Average is a number that is typical of a group of numbers.
0039520|Averroes, (1126-1198), was an Arabian philosopher.
0039580|Aviation is a term that includes all the activities involved in building and flying aircraft, especially airplanes.
0039660|Avicenna, (980-1037), also known as Ibn-Sina, was an Arab physician, philosopher, astronomer, and poet.
0039720|Avignon, (pop. 89,132; met. area pop. 177,450), is an agricultural center and a historic city in southeastern France.
0039740|Avila Camacho, Manuel, (1897-1955), a Mexican soldier, diplomat, and political leader, served as president of Mexico from 1940 to 1946.
0039760|Avocado is a fruit that grows in tropical and subtropical climates.
0039780|Avocet is a type of long-legged wading bird.
0039800|Avogadro, Amedeo, (1776-1856), was an Italian physicist.
0039840|Avoirdupois is a system of weights used for common commodities such as coal, grain, and foodstuffs.
0039860|Avon, River, is a river in central England made famous by William Shakespeare, who lived in Stratford-upon-Avon.
0039960|Ax, also spelled axe, is a cutting tool made up of an edged head attached to a handle.
0040020|Axiom is a mathematical statement that is assumed to be true.
0040060|Axis refers to alliances formed among Germany, Italy, and Japan beginning in 1936 and continuing in their cooperation during World War II.
0040160|Ayckbourn, Alan (1939- ), is a British playwright known for dark comedies about middle-class life.
0040180|Aycock, Charles Brantley (1859-1912), was a leader in developing public school education in the South.
0040220|Aye-aye is a rare animal of Madagascar that belongs to the group called lemurs.
0040240|Ayllon, Lucas Vasquez de (1480?-1526), a Spanish colonizer, founded the first European settlement in what is now the United States.
0040320|Azalea is the name of a group of flowering shrubs.
0040380|Azerbaijan is a country in the Caucasus Mountain region on the western shore of the Caspian Sea.
0040400|Azimuth is a measure along the horizon of the angle between an object and a reference point.
0040500|Azores are a group of nine islands that belong to Portugal.
0040520|Azov, Sea of, is a large, shallow inland sea bounded by Ukraine and Russia.
0040540|Aztec were an American Indian people who ruled a mighty empire in Mexico during the 1400's and early 1500's.
0040560|Aztec Ruins National Monument lies in northwestern New Mexico.
0040580|Azurite is a blue mineral that contains copper.
0040600|B is the second letter of our alphabet.
0040620|Baal was a chief god of the Canaanites in Biblical times.
0040640|Ba'al Shem Tov, (1700?-1760), a Jewish teacher, was the leading founder of the religious movement called Hasidism.
0040670|Babar, also spelled Babur (1483-1530), was a Turkish prince who founded the Mogul Empire in India.
0040690|Babbage, Charles (1791-1871), was an English mathematician known for his designs of two mechanical computing machines.
0040700|Babbitt metals are special kinds of alloys used to line the bearings of cranks, axles, and similar moving parts.
0040710|Babbler is the name of a large, varied group of birds found mainly in the forests of Africa, southern Asia, and Australia.
0040790|Babi Yar was a ravine near Kiev in the Soviet Union and the site of one of the largest massacres in history.
0040830|Babirusa is a wild hog found in Indonesia.
0040860|Baboon is a type of large monkey.
0040920|Baby, also called infant, is a child up to about 18 months of age.
0040930|Baby boom generation is the large group of people born in the United States from 1946 to 1964.
0040960|Babylon was a great city of the ancient world.
0040980|Babylonia was an ancient region around the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in what is now southeastern Iraq.
0040985|Baby's-breath, also spelled babies'-breath, is a garden plant grown for its many tiny white flowers.
0040990|Baca, Elfego, (1865-1945), was a Mexican-American folk hero.
0041080|Bacchus was the god of wine in Roman mythology.
0041115|Bach, Carl Philipp Emanuel (1714-1788), was a German composer.
0041120|Bach, Johann Christian (1735-1782), a German composer, was the youngest son of the famous composer Johann Sebastian Bach.
0041130|Bach, Johann Sebastian (1685-1750), a German composer, is considered the greatest genius of baroque music.
0041140|Bachelor's-button is a plant that bears small flowers shaped like buttons.
0041210|Back is the part of the body that extends from the neck to the buttocks (rump).
0041240|Backache is a pain that originates in the area of the spine.
0041260|Backgammon is a game for two people played with a rectangular board and dice.
0041320|Bacon is a kind of meat that is obtained from the sides or bellies of hogs.
0041340|Bacon, Francis (1561-1626), was an English philosopher, essayist, jurist, and statesman.
0041350|Bacon, Francis (1909-1992), was one of the most important British artists.
0041360|Bacon, Nathaniel (1647-1676), was a leader of Bacon's Rebellion in Virginia.
0041380|Bacon, Roger (1214?-1292?), was an English philosopher and scientist.
0041400|Bacon's Rebellion was a revolt of Virginia colonists against the colony's English government in 1676.
0041420|Bacteria are simple organisms that consist of one cell.
0041460|Bacteriology is the study of single-celled organisms called bacteria.
0041540|Baden-Baden, (pop. 48,684), is a world-famous health resort town in the northwest corner of the Black Forest in Germany.
0041560|Baden-Powell, Lord (1857-1941), founded the Boy Scout movement.
0041600|Badger is a digging member of the weasel family, which also includes martens, minks, otters, skunks, and wolverines.
0041660|Badlands are regions of small, steep hills and deep gullies formed primarily by water erosion.
0041680|Badlands National Park is located in southwestern South Dakota.
0041700|Badminton is a game in which opposing players use rackets to hit a shuttle, also called a shuttlecock, back and forth over a net.
0041760|Baekeland, Leo Hendrik (1863-1944), an American chemist, improved methods of developing photographic print paper.
0041780|Baer, Karl Ernest von, (1792-1876), a German biologist, is considered the founder of embryology.
0041810|Baez, Joan (1941- ), is an American singer.
0041820|Baffin, William (1584?-1622), was an English navigator and explorer.
0041840|Baffin Island lies north of the Canadian mainland.
0041900|Baghdad, (pop. 5,908,000), is the capital of Iraq and one of the largest cities of the Middle East.
0041980|Bagpipe is a wind instrument that consists of a leather bag fitted with one or more pipes.
0042000|Baguio City, (pop. 158,367), is a mountain resort city in the Philippines.
0042020|Baha'is are members of the Baha'i Faith.
0042040|Baha'u'llah, (1817-1892), was the founder of the Baha'i Faith.
0042060|Bahamas are a chain of about 3,000 coral islands and reefs that make up an independent nation in the West Indies.
0042120|Bahrain is an island country in the Persian Gulf in southwest Asia.
0042200|Bail is security deposited with a court to obtain the release of an arrested person by ensuring that the person will reappear to stand trial.
0042260|Bailey, Liberty Hyde (1858-1954), an American botanist and horticulturist, was responsible more than any other person for the development of agricultural education in the United States.
0042320|Baily's beads are the brilliant points of light seen just as the sun's surface disappears behind the moon during an eclipse (see ECLIPSE ).
0042360|Baird, John Logie (1888-1946), a Scottish engineer, gave the first public demonstration of a television technology that used mechanical devices in the camera and receiver.
0042510|Baker, Howard Henry, Jr. (1925- ), a Republican from Tennessee, served as majority leader of the United States Senate from 1981 to 1985.
0042520|Baker, James Addison, III (1930- ), served as United States secretary of state under President George Bush from 1989 to 1992.
0042530|Baker, Josephine (1906-1975), was an internationally famous black entertainer.
0042640|Baker v. Carr was a landmark decision of the Supreme Court of the United States concerning apportionment (distribution of seats) in state legislatures.
0042760|Baking powder is a fine white powder used to make cakes and biscuits leaven (rise).
0042775|Bakke case was an important civil rights case decided by the Supreme Court of the United States.
0042780|Baku, (pop. 1,084,000; met. area pop. 1,661,000), is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan.
0042840|Balaklava, Battle of, was fought near the town of Balaklava in the Crimea, on Oct. 25, 1854, during the Crimean War.
0042860|Balalaika is a stringed musical instrument with a triangular body and a long neck with frets (ridges).
0042920|Balance is a device that weighs substances.
0042940|Balance of nature. Plants, animals, and other organisms that live together in the same area--such as a forest or a pond--form a community.
0042960|Balance of payments is a record of the value of all economic transactions that one nation has with other nations during a certain period.
0042980|Balance of power is a system of maintaining peace through an even distribution of military and economic power among nations or groups of nations.
0043100|Balanchine, George (1904-1983), was one of the most important ballet choreographers (dance creators) of the 1900's.
0043180|Balboa, Vasco Nunez de, (1475?-1519), a Spanish conqueror and explorer, was the first European to see the eastern shore of the Pacific Ocean.
0043220|Balch, Emily Greene (1867-1961), an American economist and pacifist, was one of the winners of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1946.
0043240|Balchen, Bernt, (1899-1973), was a Norwegian-American aviation pioneer.
0043290|Baldcypress is a cone-bearing tree with pale-green, feathery leaves.
0043300|Balder was the god of beauty, goodness, and light in Norse mythology.
0043320|Baldness is the partial or total absence of hair on the scalp.
0043360|Baldwin, Abraham (1754-1807), was a Georgia signer of the Constitution of the United States.
0043380|Baldwin, James (1924-1987), was a black American novelist, essayist, and playwright.
0043400|Baldwin, Matthias William (1795-1866), was an American inventor and philanthropist.
0043410|Baldwin, Robert (1804-1858), served twice as joint premier of the Province of Canada.
0043420|Baldwin, Stanley (1867-1947), served as prime minister of Britain three times.
0043500|Balearic Islands is a group of five major islands and numerous smaller ones that lie east of the mainland of Spain in the Mediterranean Sea.
0043540|Balfour, Arthur James (1848-1930), Earl of Balfour, served as British prime minister from 1902 to 1905, and was a leader of the Conservative Party for over 20 years.
0043560|Balfour Declaration was a British government document that dealt with the establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
0043640|Balkans are a group of countries that cover a peninsula in the southeast corner of Europe.
0043710|Ball, Lucille (1911-1989), was one of the most popular comediennes in the history of American television.
0043780|Ballad is a song that tells a dramatic story in verse.
0043800|Ballade is an elaborate and carefully patterned verse form.
0043840|Ballet is a form of theatrical dance that uses formal, set movements and poses characterized by elegance and grace.
0043920|Ballistics is a branch of engineering that deals with the motion and behavior of projectiles, such as bullets, rockets, bombs, and guided missiles.
0043940|Balloon is a bag filled with heated air or a light gas so that it rises and floats in the air.
0043960|Ballot is the means by which voters indicate their choices in an election.
0043980|Balm, also called lemon balm, is a tall herb of the mint family with a lemony fragrance.
0044040|Balsa is the lightest wood in commercial use.
0044060|Balsam is the name of several spicy-smelling resinous substances obtained from certain evergreen trees and a number of other plants.
0044080|Balsam, Garden, is an annual garden flower native to India.
0044100|Balsam fir is the name given to a number of evergreen trees in the pine family.
0044200|Baltic Sea is an arm of the North Atlantic Ocean that extends into northern Europe.
0044220|Baltic States consist of the independent nations of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania.
0044240|Baltimore is the largest city in Maryland and one of the principal port cities of the United States.
0044260|Baltimore, Lord, was the title of six members of the Calvert family.
0044320|Baltimore oriole is a songbird that lives in North and South America.
0044380|Balzac, Honore de, (1799-1850), a French writer, was one of the most important novelists of the 1800's.
0044400|Bamako, (pop. 658,275), is the capital of Mali.
0044420|Bamboo is a giant grass noted for the usefulness of its hollow, woody stem.
0044440|Banana is a nourishing fruit that grows in the tropics and is popular throughout the world.
0044520|Bancroft, George (1800-1891), was an American historian and diplomat.
0044560|Band is a group of musicians who play mainly brass, woodwind, and percussion instruments.
0044570|Banda, Hastings Kamuzu, (1898- ), was the leader of Malawi from 1963 to 1993.
0044620|Bandage is any material used to wrap or cover a wound or injured body part.
0044630|Bandaranaike, Sirimavo, (1916- ), became prime minister of Sri Lanka (formerly Ceylon) in 1994.
0044680|Bandicoot is a small mammal of Australia and New Guinea.
0044720|Bandit is a robber who is usually one of a group of outlaws.
0044760|Bandung, (pop. 1,401,108), a resort city on the island of Java, is one of the largest cities in Indonesia.
0044780|Banff, Alberta (pop. 5,688), one of the most famous resort towns in Canada, is noted for its natural beauty.
0044790|Banff National Park, established in 1885 as Hot Springs Reservation, is the oldest national park in Canada.
0044800|Bangalore, (pop. 3,302,296, met. area pop. 4,086,548), is the capital and largest city of Karnataka, a state in southern India.
0044820|Bangkok, (pop. 5,876,000), is the capital and largest city of Thailand.
0044830|Bangladesh is a South Asian nation that once formed part of Pakistan.
0044840|Bangor, Me. (pop. 33,181; met. area pop. 91,629), is the gateway to the hunting and fishing country of northern and eastern Maine.
0044880|Bangui, (pop. 473,817), is the capital and largest city of the Central African Republic.
0044950|Banjarmasin, also spelled Bandjarmasin (pop. 381,286), is the capital of South Kalimantan province in Indonesia.
0044960|Banjo is a stringed musical instrument that has a round metal or wooden body and a long fretted (ridged) neck.
0044970|Banjul, (pop. 44,188), is the capital and the largest city of Gambia.
0044980|Bank is a business establishment that safeguards people's money and uses it to make loans and investments.
0045040|Bank for International Settlements (BIS) promotes cooperation among central banks and other financial institutions.
0045060|Bank holiday was the period in 1933 during which President Franklin D. Roosevelt closed all banks in the United States.
0045080|Bank of America is one of the largest commercial banks in the world.
0045100|Bank of Canada is the central bank of Canada.
0045120|Bank of England is the central bank of the United Kingdom.
0045140|Bank of the United States. When the new United States government was established in 1789, many of its leaders favored the creation of a national bank.
0045220|Bankhead, Tallulah (1903-1968), was an American stage and motion-picture actress.
0045280|Bankruptcy is the state of being legally unable to pay debts.
0045340|Banneker, Benjamin (1731-1806), was probably the best-known black person in early United States history.
0045360|Bannister, Sir Roger (1929- ), a British athlete, became the first man to run a mile in less than four minutes.
0045400|Bannock Indians are a tribe that once hunted throughout the northern Rocky Mountains.
0045420|Bannockburn, Battle of, was one of the most important battles in the history of Scotland.
0045460|Banshee was an old woman in Irish legend.
0045480|Bantam is any one of a number of miniature fowl--especially chickens.
0045520|Banting, Sir Frederick Grant (1891-1941), a Canadian surgeon, was the principal discoverer of insulin.
0045540|Bantu are a large group of African black peoples.
0045550|Banuelos, Romana Acosta, (1925- ), served as treasurer of the United States from 1971 to 1974 under President Richard M. Nixon.
0045560|Banyan tree is a kind of fig tree that grows in India and adjacent countries.
0045580|Baobab is the name of a group of trees that grow in tropical and subtropical regions of the Eastern Hemisphere, especially in Madagascar.
0045600|Baptism is a symbolic washing with water as a religious practice.
0045680|Baptists are members of a large Protestant religious group who reserve baptism for adult or mature persons who affirm their faith in Jesus Christ as their savior.
0045720|Bar, in law, is the general name for the whole legal profession.
0045740|Bar coding is a method of labeling retail products and other items.
0045780|Bar mitzvah is the entry of a Jewish boy into the adult Jewish community.
0045800|Barabbas was a man mentioned briefly in all four Gospels.
0045870|Baraka, Amiri, (1934- ), is a black American author who gained fame for his powerful plays about race relations in the United States.
0046000|Barbados is an island country in the West Indies.
0046060|Barbarian is a word used to describe an uncivilized or uncultivated person.
0046100|Barbarossa (1466?-1546) was a Barbary corsair (sea raider).
0046120|Barbary ape is the only wild monkey found in Europe.
0046160|Barbary States once lay along the coast of North Africa.
0046180|Barbecue is a term that originally referred to the roasting of a whole hog, ox, or other large animal on a crude gridiron of stakes.
0046200|Barbed wire is made of two or more steel wires twisted together with thornlike barbs at frequent intervals.
0046240|Barber is a person who cuts or dresses the hair, and shaves or trims the beard, of other people.
0046280|Barber, Samuel (1910-1981), was an American composer.
0046340|Barberry is the name of about 500 species of low, usually spiny shrubs with yellow wood.
0046380|Barbershop quartet singing is an American style of harmony using four voices.
0046400|Barbirolli, Sir John (1899-1970), was a British symphony and opera conductor.
0046420|Barbiturate is any of a group of drugs used to calm people or make them sleep.
0046440|Barbizon School was the name of a group of French painters who settled in the village of Barbizon during the 1830's and 1840's.
0046480|Barcarole, also spelled barcarolle, is a musical term for the songs originally sung by gondoliers in Venice.
0046500|Barcelona, (pop. 1,625,542), is the most important manufacturing and trading city in Spain.
0046540|Bard was an ancient singer-poet.
0046580|Bardeen, John (1908-1991), an American physicist, became the first person to win a Nobel Prize twice in the same field.
0046590|Barenboim, Daniel (1942- ), is an Israeli conductor and pianist.
0046600|Barents, Willem, (?-1597), was a Dutch navigator.
0046620|Barents Sea lies north of Norway and the European part of Russia.
0046640|Barge is a sturdy, flat-bottomed boat used to carry bulk cargo, such as cement, coal, logs, oil, sand, and sugar.
0046660|Bari, (pop. 342,309), is a busy seaport on the southern Adriatic coast of Italy.
0046700|Baritone, also spelled barytone, is a male voice ranging between the tenor (higher) voice and the bass (lower) voice.
0046720|Barium is a soft, heavy, silver-colored metal element.
0046740|Bark is the outer covering of most kinds of trees and shrubs.
0046800|Barkley, Alben William (1877-1956), served as Vice President of the United States from 1949 to 1953 under President Harry S. Truman.
0046810|Barkley, Charles (1963- ), became one of the leading scorers and rebounders in the National Basketball Association (NBA).
0046820|Barlach, Ernst Heinrich (1870-1938), was a German sculptor.
0046840|Barley is an important cereal grain.
0046880|Barn is a farm building used to house livestock and to store hay, grain, and other supplies needed for the animals.
0046900|Barnabas was a Christian missionary during New Testament times.
0046940|Barnacle is a saltwater shellfish which fastens itself to objects underwater.
0046950|Barnard, Christiaan Neethling (1922- ), a South African surgeon, performed the first human heart transplant in history.
0046960|Barnard, Edward Emerson (1857-1923), an American astronomer, became famous for his skill as an observer.
0046980|Barnard, Frederick Augustus Porter (1809-1889), was the American educator for whom Barnard College was named.
0047060|Barnburners were members of a group in the Democratic Party of the state of New York during the 1840's.
0047120|Barnhart, Clarence Lewis (1900-1993), was a noted American lexicographer.
0047160|Barnum, P. T. (1810-1891), was the most famous showman of his time.
0047240|Barometer is an instrument that measures the pressure of the atmosphere.
0047260|Baron is the title held by noblemen in the lowest rank in the British peerage.
0047280|Baroque is a term applied to many forms of art created in western Europe and Latin America.
0047300|Barquisimeto, (pop. 602,622; met. area pop. 745,444), is one of Venezuela's largest cities.
0047320|Barracuda is a marine fish that resembles the freshwater pickerel or pike.
0047390|Barrault, Jean-Louis, (1910-1994), was a French actor and director.
0047420|Barrel is a large, cylinder-shaped container made of wood or metal.
0047460|Barrie, Sir James Matthew (1860-1937), was a Scottish playwright and novelist.
0047540|Barrios, Justo Rufino, (1835-1885), transformed Guatemala into a progressive nation.
0047580|Barron, James (1769-1851), a commodore in the United States Navy, became prominent during the critical period before the War of 1812.
0047600|Barry, John (1745-1803), was an American naval officer in the Revolutionary War (1775-1783).
0047620|Barry, Philip (1896-1949), was an American dramatist.
0047660|Barrymore is the family name of several noted American actors and actresses.
0047680|Barter is the direct exchange of goods or services without the use of money.
0047690|Barth, John (1930- ), is one of the most experimental novelists in modern American literature.
0047700|Barth, Karl (1886-1968), was one of the best-known Protestant theologians of the 1900's.
0047720|Bartholdi, Frederic Auguste, (1834-1904), was a French sculptor.
0047740|Bartholomew, Saint, was one of the 12 apostles of Jesus Christ.
0047770|Bartlett, Edward Lewis (1904-1968), became one of the first United States senators from Alaska in 1959, the year Alaska became a state.
0047800|Bartlett, John (1820-1905), an American publisher, became known chiefly for the book Familiar Quotations, which is still published under his name.
0047820|Bartlett, Josiah (1729-1795), was a New Hampshire signer of the Declaration of Independence in 1776 and of the Articles of Confederation (the forerunner of the United States Constitution) in 1781.
0047860|Bartlett, Robert Abram (1875-1946), an Arctic explorer, was famous for his skill in piloting ships through ice.
0047900|Bartok, Bela, (1881-1945), a Hungarian composer, was one of the most significant composers of the early 1900's.
0047960|Barton, Clara (1821-1912), was the founder of the American Red Cross.
0048000|Baruch, Bernard Mannes, (1870-1965), an American financier and statesman, served as an unpaid adviser to every President from Woodrow Wilson to Dwight D. Eisenhower.
0048020|Barye, Antoine Louis, (1796-1875), was a French sculptor and painter famous for his bronze statues of animals.
0048030|Baryon is a "heavy" subatomic particle.
0048035|Baryshnikov, Mikhail (1948- ), is one of the world's leading ballet dancers.
0048070|Barzun, Jacques, (1907- ), is an American educator and historian who has written widely on culture, education, and the history of ideas.
0048180|Basalt is a hard, dark volcanic rock.
0048220|Base, in chemistry, commonly refers to any substance that can react with an acid to decrease or neutralize its acidic properties.
0048320|Baseball is a sport that is so popular in the United States that it is often called the national pastime.
0048340|Basel, (pop. 174,606; met. area pop. 361,809), is a major inland port and transportation center in Switzerland.
0048360|Basenji is a breed of dogs first found in central Africa.
0048420|Basie, Count (1904-1984), was a pianist and bandleader who rose to fame in the late 1930's as a key figure in the "swing" era of jazz.
0048440|Basil is an annual herb used for seasoning food.
0048460|Basil, Saint (330?-379), was a leader in the early Christian church in the East.
0048520|Basilica was the chief type of church design during the early Middle Ages.
0048540|Basin is a region drained by a river and its tributaries.
0048560|Baskerville, John (1706-1775), was an English type founder and printer.
0048600|Basket making, or basketry, is a popular handicraft.
0048620|Basketball is a fast, exciting, and entertaining sport played between two teams, each consisting of five players.
0048645|Baskin, Leonard (1922- ), is an American printmaker and sculptor.
0048650|Basov, Nikolai Gennadievich, (1922- ), is a noted Russian physicist.
0048660|Basques are a group of people who live in the Pyrenees Mountains, on both sides of the border between France and Spain.
0048700|Bass is a type of game fish known for its fighting ability when hooked.
0048740|Bass, a stringed musical instrument, is the largest and lowest-pitched member of the violin family.
0048760|Bass, Sam (1851-1878), was a Texas outlaw.
0048840|Basse-Terre, (pop. 13,656), is the capital of the French overseas department (administrative district) of Guadeloupe in the Antilles.
0048880|Basset hound is a heavily built, low, long-bodied dog bred to hunt rabbit and other small game.
0048900|Bassett, Richard (1745-1815), a lawyer and statesman from Delaware, was a signer of the Constitution of the United States.
0048940|Bassoon is an instrument that serves as the bass voice of the woodwind section of many orchestras and bands.
0048980|Bast is the general name for strong fibers obtained from the stalk or stem of certain plants.
0049000|Bastille was a great fortress in Paris that stood as a symbol of royal tyranny.
0049020|Bastille Day is the great national holiday of France, corresponding to Independence Day.
0049100|Bat is the only mammal that can fly.
0049120|Bat mitzvah is a religious observance in Judaism that celebrates a girl's entry into the adult Jewish community.
0049160|Bataan Peninsula juts into Manila Bay from the southwestern coast of Luzon, largest of the Philippine Islands.
0049180|Bates, Henry Walter (1825-1892), was a British naturalist who became known for his studies on mimicry in insect behavior.
0049200|Bates, Katharine Lee (1859-1929), an American poet and educator, wrote the words to the popular patriotic song "America the Beautiful.
0049260|Bath is a health resort city in England.
0049290|Bath is the act of washing the body.
0049350|Bath, Order of the, is the third highest and one of the oldest orders of knighthood in Britain.
0049360|Bathsheba was the beautiful wife of David, King of Israel.
0049420|Bathyscaph is a diving craft used for deep-sea observation.
0049460|Batik is a method of applying colored designs to fabric.
0049480|Batista y Zaldivar, Fulgencio, (1901-1973), served as president of Cuba from 1940 to 1944.
0049560|Baton Rouge, (pop. 219,531; met. area pop. 528,264), is the capital of Louisiana and a chief port of the United States.
0049580|Baton twirling is a sport and recreational activity in which individuals twirl a thin metal rod called a baton.
0049620|Battelle Memorial Institute is one of the world's largest private research and development organizations.
0049640|Battenberg is the name of a royal family from Hesse, in west-central Germany, which has played a part in English and Bulgarian history.
0049660|Battering ram was a heavy wooden beam that served as a war machine from ancient times through the Middle Ages.
0049720|Battery is a device that produces electricity by means of chemical action.
0049800|Battle Creek, Mich. (pop. 53,540), is a health center and the world's leading producer of breakfast cereal.
0049840|Battle Hymn of the Republic is an American patriotic song that was a popular Union rallying song during the Civil War (1861-1865).
0049920|Battleground National Cemetery contains the graves of 41 U.S. Army soldiers who died defending Washington, D.C., in 1864, during the Civil War.
0049980|Battleship is a huge warship that has larger and more powerful guns and heavier armor than any other combat ship.
0050020|Baudelaire, Charles, (1821-1867), was the most influential French poet of the 1800's.
0050040|Baudouin, (1930-1993), was the fifth king of Belgium.
0050100|Bauhaus was an influential school of design.
0050120|Baum, L. Frank (1856-1919), an American author, wrote children's books about the magical land of Oz.
0050140|Baum, William Wakefield Cardinal (1926- ), was appointed a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church in 1976 by Pope Paul VI.
0050180|Bauxite is the ore from which almost all aluminum is produced.
0050200|Bavaria is a state in southeastern Germany.
0050260|Bay is a part of an ocean, a lake, or a similar body of water that forms an indentation in the shoreline and is bordered by headlands or capes.
0050320|Bay of Bengal is the northern part of the Indian Ocean, bordering on India, Bangladesh, and Burma.
0050340|Bay of Biscay is an extension of the Atlantic Ocean on the western coast of Europe.
0050360|Bay of Fundy is an extension of the North Atlantic Ocean that divides New Brunswick from western Nova Scotia.
0050400|Bay Psalm Book was the first book known to have been both written and printed in the English colonies of America.
0050560|Bayberry is a North American shrub closely related to the wax myrtle.
0050600|Bayeux Tapestry is a work of embroidery that tells, in pictures, the story of the Norman Conquest.
0050610|Bayh, Birch Evans, Jr. (1928- ), was a United States senator representing Indiana from 1963 to 1981.
0050650|Baylor, Elgin (1934- ), ranks among the outstanding all-around players in basketball history.
0050680|Bayonet is a dagger or knife that fits on the barrel of a gun.
0050720|Bayou is a shallow, curving channel filled with slow-moving, sometimes stagnant water.
0050760|Bayreuth, (pop. 71,848), is a trading center in southern Germany.
0050780|Bazaar is an Oriental marketplace for articles of all kinds, in which traders maintain small stalls or shops.
0050800|Bazooka is a small rocket launcher.
0050860|B.C. stands for Before Christ.
0050880|BCG is a vaccine used to prevent tuberculosis.
0050900|Beach is an accumulation of sand, pebbles, or small rocks along a shoreline.
0050920|Beach Boys became one of the most popular groups in American rock music.
0050940|Beach plum is a wild shrub with an edible fruit that looks like a small plum.
0051000|Beacon is an easily seen light or a radio signal.
0051080|Beadle, George Wells (1903-1989), an American geneticist, shared the 1958 Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine for his discovery that genes act by regulating specific chemical processes.
0051100|Beadle, William Henry Harrison (1830-1915), was a leader in building public-school education in the West.
0051120|Beadwork is the craft of making or decorating objects with beads.
0051140|Beagle is a breed of small dog.
0051200|Bean is the name of several related plants of the pea family.
0051220|Bean, Judge Roy (1825?-1904), was a saloonkeeper and justice of the peace on the West Texas frontier, where the Pecos and Rio Grande rivers join.
0051240|Bean beetle, also called Mexican bean beetle, is a serious insect pest that lives on bean plants.
0051280|Bear is a large, powerful animal with thick, shaggy fur.
0051380|Bearbaiting was a cruel sport popular in Europe and especially in London as early as 1174.
0051400|Beard is the hair that grows on a man's chin and the sides of his face.
0051421|Beard, Charles and Mary, were American historians and authors.
0051440|Beard, Daniel Carter (1850-1941), was known to American Boy Scouts as "Uncle Dan." In 1905, two years before the Boy Scout movement was started in England, Beard had organized the Boy Pioneers, Sons of Daniel Boone.
0051450|Bearded collie is a breed of dog that originated in the 1500's in Scotland.
0051455|Bearden, Romare, (1914-1988), was an African-American artist whose work realistically portrays the urban and rural life of African Americans.
0051460|Beardsley, Aubrey Vincent (1872-1898), was an English book and magazine illustrator.
0051480|Beardtongue, also called penstemon, is the name of a large group of showy wild and garden flowers.
0051500|Bearing is a part of a machine that supports or guides a moving part.
0051540|Bears and bulls are the popular names for two particular points of view among those who invest in stocks or commodities.
0051580|Beat movement refers to a set of literary, political, and social attitudes principally associated with certain American writers and artists during the 1950's.
0051620|Beatitudes are sayings of Jesus Christ found in the New Testament.
0051630|Beatles became the most popular group in rock music history.
0051650|Beatrix, (1938- ), became queen of the Netherlands in 1980.
0051670|Beatty, Warren (1937- ), is an American motion-picture actor, producer, and director.
0051780|Beaumarchais, Pierre Augustin Caron de (1732-1799), a French dramatist, won fame for his comedies The Barber of Seville (1775) and The Marriage of Figaro.
0051800|Beaumont, (pop. 114,323), became the first petroleum boom town in Texas in 1901, after a gusher at the nearby Spindletop oil field began producing crude oil.
0051820|Beaumont, Francis (1584?-1616), was an English playwright.
0051840|Beaumont, William (1785-1853), an American physician, gained fame for his studies of the process of digestion.
0051860|Beauregard, Pierre Gustave Toutant, (1818-1893), was a Confederate general during the Civil War (1861-1865).
0051910|Beauvoir, Simone de, (1908-1986), was a French author.
0051960|Beaver is a furry animal with a wide, flat tail that looks like a paddle.
0052040|Beaverbrook, Lord (1879-1964), created a great British press empire, acquired a fortune, and became a political power in Britain.
0052060|Bebel, August (1841-1913), was a leading German socialist of the 1800's and early 1900's.
0052110|Bechet, Sidney (1897-1959), was an American jazz clarinetist and soprano saxophone player.
0052120|Becker, Boris (1967- ), is a German tennis champion.
0052185|Becket, Saint Thomas, also known as Thomas a Becket (1118?-1170), was an archbishop of Canterbury.
0052190|Beckett, Samuel Barclay (1906-1989), was an Irish novelist, playwright, and poet.
0052200|Beckmann, Max (1884-1950), a German artist, became known for his expressionistic images of brutality and terror.
0052210|Beckwourth, James Pierson (1798-1867?), an American frontiersman, discovered Beckwourth Pass in the Sierra Nevada about 1850.
0052221|Becquerel, Antoine Cesar, (1788-1878), was a French physicist who performed pioneering experiments in electricity and electrochemistry.
0052222|Becquerel, Antoine Henri, (1852-1908), was a French physicist.
0052260|Bed is an article of furniture used for sleeping or resting.
0052280|Bed bug is a small, wingless insect that feeds on blood.
0052300|Bede, (673?-735), also known as The Venerable Bede, was an English historian and theologian (one who studies God and religion).
0052340|Bedford, Gunning, Jr. (1747-1812), a lawyer and statesman from Delaware, was a signer of the Constitution of the United States.
0052400|Bedlington terrier is a dog that looks somewhat like a lamb.
0052440|Bedouins are an Arab people who traditionally have been nomadic herders in the deserts of the Middle East.
0052460|Bedsore is an ulcer (open sore) in the skin caused by prolonged and excessive pressure.
0052480|Bedstraw is one of a group of plants that were once used for mattresses.
0052500|Bee is an insect that lives in almost every part of the world except near the North and South poles.
0052520|Bee-eater is any member of a family of about 25 species of birds related to kingfishers.
0052530|Bee fly is an insect that looks like a bee.
0052600|Beebe, William (1877-1962), was a well-known American naturalist and writer.
0052640|Beech is a forest tree which grows both in North America and in Europe.
0052660|Beecham, Sir Thomas (1879-1961), a British conductor, became one of the world's influential musicians, even though he received little formal musical education.
0052682|Beecher, Catharine Esther (1800-1878), an American educational reformer, was an early supporter of education for women.
0052683|Beecher, Henry Ward (1813-1887), the son of Lyman Beecher, was an eloquent, dramatic, and witty Protestant preacher.
0052690|Beecher, Lyman (1775-1863), was an American clergyman.
0052700|Beef is the meat obtained from mature cattle.
0052760|Beefwood is a group of trees native mostly to Australia.
0052840|Beelzebub was the prince of the demons in the New Testament.
0052860|Beer is an alcoholic beverage that is made from cereal grains, hops, water, and yeast.
0052900|Beerbohm, Sir Max (1872-1956), was an English comic writer and artist known for his brilliant wit.
0052920|Beers, Clifford Whittingham (1876-1943), founded the mental hygiene movement in the United States.
0052940|Beersheba, (pop. 112,600), in Israel, is the place where Abraham settled.
0052960|Beeswax is a yellow substance produced by glands on the underside of the abdomen in worker honey bees.
0052980|Beet is a plant grown for food.
0053000|Beethoven, Ludwig van (1770-1827), was one of the greatest composers in history.
0053020|Beetle is one of the most common of all insects.
0053040|Beggar-ticks, also called stick-tights, is a type of plant with sticky, flat, seedlike fruits.
0053080|Beggarweed is a branching, rapidly growing plant that reaches a height of about 6 feet (1.8 meters).
0053090|Begin, Menachem, (1913-1992), served as prime minister of Israel from 1977 to 1983.
0053100|Begonia is the name of a large group of tropical plants, many of which are common household or garden plants.
0053110|Behan, Brendan, (1923-1964), was a flamboyant Irish author.
0053120|Behavior is the way human beings and other organisms act.
0053190|Behn, Aphra, (1640-1689), was a dramatist, novelist, and poet.
0053200|Behrens, Peter (1868-1940), was a German architect famous for his pioneering work in industrial architecture and design.
0053240|Behrman, S. N. (1893-1973), was an American playwright.
0053280|Beiderbecke, Bix (1903-1931), was an American jazz cornet player.
0053300|Beijing, (pop. 7,362,425), is the capital and second largest city of China.
0053320|Beirut, (pop. 702,000), is Lebanon's capital and largest city.
0053350|Belafonte, Harry (1927- ), an American singer and motion-picture actor, became best known for his interpretations of West Indian calypso music.
0053400|Belarus, also spelled Byelarus, is a country in eastern Europe.
0053420|Belem, (pop. 1,203,151; met. area pop. 1,418,061), is a city in northern Brazil.
0053440|Belfast (pop. 301,600) is the capital, largest city, and chief industrial center and port of Northern Ireland, a division of the United Kingdom.
0053560|Belgian Malinois is a breed of dog closely related to the Belgian sheepdog.
0053580|Belgian sheepdog is a breed of dog developed in Belgium in the late 1800's to herd sheep.
0053600|Belgian Tervuren is a breed of dog closely related to the Belgian sheepdog.
0053620|Belgium is a small country in northwestern Europe.
0053640|Belgrade, (pop. 1,168,454), is the capital and largest city of Yugoslavia.
0053730|Belize is a small country in Central America.
0053740|Belize City, (pop. 48,400), is the largest city of Belize.
0053800|Bell is a hollow, metal vessel in the shape of a cup with a clapper (metal tongue) suspended inside.
0053820|Bell, Alexander Graham (1847-1922), an American inventor and educator, is best known for his invention of the telephone.
0053880|Bell, John (1797-1869), a prominent American statesman, was the Constitutional Union Party candidate for President in 1860.
0053970|Bella Coola Indians live in western Canada.
0053980|Belladonna is a bushy plant that supplies several drugs.
0054000|Bellamy, Edward (1850-1898), an American author, wrote Looking Backward (1888), one of the most popular and influential novels of the 1800's.
0054040|Bellarmine, Saint Robert Francis Romulus, (1542-1621), an Italian Jesuit theologian, defended the rights of the Roman Catholic Church in an age of absolutism.
0054100|Bellbird is a medium-sized bird that lives in Central and South America.
0054240|Bellflower is the common name of a group of wild and cultivated plants, most of which have bell-shaped blossoms.
0054300|Bellini, Gentile, (1429?-1507), was an important painter in Venice during the Italian Renaissance.
0054310|Bellini, Giovanni, (1432?-1516), was the greatest member of the Bellini family of painters in Venice during the Italian Renaissance.
0054325|Bellini, Jacopo, (1400?-1470?), was one of the founders of the Renaissance style of painting in Venice and northern Italy.
0054330|Bellini, Vincenzo, (1801-1835), was an Italian opera composer.
0054335|Belloc, Hilaire, (1870-1953), was a British novelist, essayist, historian, and poet.
0054338|Bellow, Saul (1915- ), is an American author.
0054340|Bellows is a device that produces wind by sucking air through one or more valves and then pumping it out.
0054360|Bellows, George Wesley (1882-1925), was a leading American artist of the early 1900's.
0054390|Bell's palsy is a disease that paralyzes one side of the face.
0054450|Belmopan (pop. 3,500), is the capital of Belize.
0054460|Belo Horizonte, (pop. 2,145,908; met. area pop. 3,615,234), is the third largest city in Brazil.
0054520|Belsen, or Bergen-Belsen, was a German concentration camp during World War II (1939-1945).
0054620|Bemelmans, Ludwig (1898-1962), was an American author and artist.
0054670|Ben Bella, Ahmed (1919- ) was the first president of the Republic of Algeria.
0054680|Ben-Gurion, David (1886-1973), served as Israel's first prime minister after it became independent in 1948.
0054740|Ben Nevis is the highest mountain in the British Isles.
0054800|Benavente, Jacinto, (1866-1954), was the outstanding Spanish playwright of the early 1900's.
0054820|Bench mark is a permanent and recognizable point that lies at a known elevation.
0054860|Bendix, Vincent (1882-1945), was an American inventor.
0054900|Bends is a painful and dangerous condition caused by the formation of gas bubbles in the bloodstream and body tissues.
0054922|Benedict XV (1854-1922) was elected pope of the Roman Catholic Church in 1914.
0054940|Benedict, Ruth Fulton (1887-1948), was an American anthropologist.
0054980|Benedict of Nursia, Saint (480?-547?), was the father of Christian monasticism in the West.
0055020|Benedictines are Christian men and women who live according to the rule (guidelines for monastic living) written by Saint Benedict of Nursia in the early 500's.
0055140|Benelux is an economic union formed by Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg.
0055160|Benes, Eduard, (1884-1948), was cofounder of Czechoslovakia with Tomas Masaryk in 1918 (see MASARYK [Tomas]).
0055183|Benet, Laura (1884-1979), was an American author best known for her children's books.
0055185|Benet, Stephen Vincent (1898-1943), was an American poet and fiction writer.
0055190|Benet, William Rose (1886-1950), was an American poet, critic, and editor.
0055200|Bengal is a region in Asia.
0055260|Benghazi, or, in Arabic, Banghazi (pop. 368,000), is the second largest city of Libya.
0055285|Benin is a country on the west coast of Africa.
0055290|Benin was a West African kingdom that flourished from the mid-1400's to the mid-1600's.
0055300|Benjamin was the youngest and, next to Joseph, favorite son of Jacob.
0055320|Benjamin, Judah Philip (1811-1884), was a United States lawyer and statesman who was active in the Confederate cause during the Civil War (1861-1865).
0055360|Bennett, Arnold (1867-1931), was an English novelist and playwright.
0055380|Bennett, Floyd (1890-1928), piloted the first airplane to reach the North Pole.
0055390|Bennett, James Gordon (1795-1872), a prominent American journalist, founded the New York Herald in 1835.
0055400|Bennett, James Gordon, Jr. (1841-1918), was an American journalist.
0055420|Bennett, Richard Bedford (1870-1947), Viscount Bennett of Mickleham, Calgary, and Hopewell, served as prime minister of Canada from 1930 to 1935.
0055520|Benny, Jack (1894-1974), was an American radio and television comedian.
0055570|Bentgrass is the name of many related kinds of grasses that have rough stems, small flowers, and seeds that grow in delicate clusters.
0055580|Bentham, Jeremy (1748-1832), an English philosopher, founded the philosophy known as utilitarianism.
0055660|Benton, Thomas Hart (1782-1858), served as United States senator from Missouri for 30 years.
0055680|Benton, Thomas Hart (1889-1975), was an American painter.
0055720|Bentonite is a type of clay that swells to several times its original size when wet.
0055750|Bentsen, Lloyd Millard, Jr. (1921- ), was United States secretary of the treasury from 1993 to 1994 under President Bill Clinton.
0055780|Benz, Karl (1844-1929), a German engineer, pioneered in building motor-driven vehicles.
0055820|Benzene is a colorless liquid with a pleasant odor.
0055860|Benzocaine is a drug that reduces pain or itching in minor wounds, sores, and burns on skin and mucous membranes.
0055880|Benzodiazepine is any of a group of drugs widely prescribed to relieve anxiety.
0055950|Beothuk Indians, were a people who lived on the island of Newfoundland off the eastern shore of Canada.
0055960|Beowulf is an epic poem that is considered the first great work of English literature.
0056000|Berbers are a people of northwest Africa and the Sahara.
0056050|Berdyaev, Nicolas (1874-1948), was a Russian religious and political thinker.
0056080|Berg, Alban, (1885-1935), was an Austrian composer.
0056120|Bergamot is a name given to several plants.
0056140|Bergen (pop. 211,866) is the second largest city in Norway.
0056180|Berger, Victor L. (1860-1929), became the first Socialist to be elected to the United States Congress.
0056250|Bergman, Ingmar (1918- ), is a Swedish motion-picture director.
0056253|Bergman, Ingrid (1915-1982), was a motion-picture actress best known for her beauty and her convincing portrayals of innocent women of integrity.
0056255|Bergson, Henri, (1859-1941), was a French philosopher.
0056300|Beriberi is a disease caused by a lack of vitamin B-1, or thiamine.
0056320|Bering, Vitus, (1680-1741), was a Danish navigator in the Russian Navy who led the first European expedition to explore a major part of Alaska's coast.
0056340|Bering Sea is the northern part of the Pacific Ocean between the region of Siberia in Russia and the state of Alaska in the United States.
0056360|Bering Sea controversy was a dispute between the United States and Britain in the late 1800's.
0056375|Berio, Luciano, (1925- ), an Italian composer, became a leader of experimental music in Europe.
0056380|Berkeley, California (pop. 102,724), lies on the eastern shore of San Francisco Bay.
0056400|Berkeley, George (1685-1753), was an Anglican bishop and philosopher.
0056440|Berkeley, Sir William (1606-1677), became governor of colonial Virginia in 1642.
0056480|Berkelium is an artificially created radioactive element.
0056540|Berlin is Germany's capital and largest city.
0056580|Berlin, Congress of, was a meeting of European leaders in 1878 to decide the future of the Balkans, a region controlled by the Turkish-based Ottoman Empire that included present-day Albania and Bulgaria and much of what became Yugoslavia.
0056600|Berlin, Irving (1888-1989), composed many of the most famous American popular songs.
0056660|Berlin Wall was built in 1961 to divide the two parts of the city of Berlin--Communist East Berlin and non-Communist West Berlin.
0056680|Berliner, Emile (1851-1929), invented a practical telephone transmitter in 1877.
0056700|Berlioz, Hector, (1803-1869), was a French composer.
0056720|Bermuda, a British dependency, is a group of coral islands and islets in the Atlantic Ocean.
0056730|Bermuda Triangle, also called Devil's Triangle, is an area of ocean off the southeastern coast of Florida where many ships and airplanes have disappeared.
0056740|Bern (pop. 138,574; met. area pop. 299,221), also spelled Berne, is the capital of both Switzerland and the Swiss canton (state) of Bern.
0056760|Bernadette, Saint (1844-1879), is a saint of the Roman Catholic Church.
0056800|Bernadotte, Jean Baptiste Jules, (1763-1844), a French soldier who became one of Napoleon Bonaparte's marshals, founded the present Swedish royal line.
0056840|Bernard, Claude (1813-1878), the leading French physiologist of his day, founded modern experimental physiology.
0056850|Bernard of Clairvaux, Saint (1090-1153), was a Christian theologian and a leader of the Cistercian religious order.
0056855|Bernardin, Joseph Louis Cardinal (1928- ), was appointed a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church by Pope John Paul II in 1983.
0056860|Bernese mountain dog is a long-haired dog.
0056880|Bernhardt, Sarah (1844-1923), a French actress, was one of the great international stage stars of her time.
0056890|Bernier, Joseph Elzear, (1852-1934), was a Canadian explorer known for his voyages to the Arctic.
0056900|Bernini, Gian Lorenzo (1598-1680), an Italian sculptor, was probably the most famous artist of the 1600's.
0056940|Bernoulli's principle, also called Bernoulli's law or Bernoulli's theorem, states that energy is conserved in a moving fluid (liquid or gas).
0056960|Bernstein, Leonard (1918-1990), was an American conductor, composer, and pianist.
0056980|Berry, as defined by botanists, is a fleshy, many-seeded fruit.
0057000|Berry, Chuck (1926- ), is an American singer, composer, and guitarist.
0057010|Berry, Martha McChesney (1866-1942), was an American educator who established schools for poor Southern mountain people.
0057020|Berryman, John (1914-1972), was an American poet and critic.
0057080|Bertillon system is a method that was once widely used to identify people by their physical measurements.
0057100|Berton, Pierre (1920- ), is a Canadian author and television personality.
0057120|Beryl is a hard mineral composed of beryllium, aluminum, silicon, and oxygen.
0057140|Beryllium is a rare, light-gray metallic element.
0057160|Berzelius, Jons Jakob (1779-1848), a noted Swedish chemist, made valuable contributions to chemical analysis and atomic theory.
0057170|Besant, Annie Wood (1847-1933), was a British social reformer and a leader of a philosophical movement called theosophy.
0057220|Bessarabia is a historical region in eastern Europe.
0057240|Bessborough, Earl of (1880-1956), served as governor general of Canada from 1931 to 1935.
0057260|Bessel, Friedrich Wilhelm (1784-1846), was a German astronomer and mathematician.
0057280|Bessemer, Sir Henry (1813-1898), a British engineer, devised the Bessemer process for converting pig iron into steel.
0057340|Best, Charles Herbert (1899-1978), a Canadian physiologist, was a principal discoverer of the hormone insulin.
0057345|Beta-blocker is a type of drug that plays a major role in the treatment of various heart disorders.
0057350|Beta particle is an electron given off by the nucleus of a radioactive atom when it undergoes a nuclear transformation.
0057400|Betel is a preparation made from a palm tree and a vine plant grown in Asia.
0057420|Betelgeuse, also called Alpha Orionis, is one of the brightest stars in the constellation of Orion.
0057680|Bethlehem (pop. 16,313) is the birthplace of Jesus Christ.
0057720|Bethlehem Steel Corporation is the second largest steel company in the United States.
0057760|Bethune, Mary McLeod (1875-1955), was a black American educator.
0057770|Bethune, Norman (1890-1939), a Canadian surgeon, became a national hero of China because of his medical service there.
0057790|Betjeman, Sir John (1906-1984), was probably the best-selling English poet of the 1900's.
0057810|Bettelheim, Bruno (1903-1990), was a psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who gained fame for his work with emotionally disturbed children.
0057820|Better business bureau is a nonprofit corporation organized by businesses to protect the public from unfair advertising and business practices.
0057940|Beveridge, William Henry (1879-1963), Baron Beveridge of Tuggal, was a British economist and author.
0057950|Beverly Hills (pop. 31,971) is a city in southern California that is famous as the home of many movie stars and other wealthy people.
0057960|Bevilacqua, Anthony Joseph Cardinal (1923- ), was appointed a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church by Pope John Paul II in 1991.
0057980|Bewick, Thomas (1753-1828), was the most important wood engraver in English art.
0058040|Bhagavad-Gita is a major sacred work of Hinduism.
0058160|Bhutan is a small, developing independent country in south-central Asia.
0058165|Bhutto, Benazir, (1953- ), served as prime minister of Pakistan from 1988 until 1990 and became prime minister again in 1993.
0058200|Bialik, Chaim Nachman (1873-1934), is considered the greatest poet in modern Hebrew literature.
0058280|Biathlon is a winter sport that combines cross-country ski racing and rifle marksmanship.
0058320|Bible is the name given to several collections of writings held sacred by the Jewish and Christian religions.
0058340|Bible Society, American, is a nonprofit organization that translates, publishes, and distributes Bibles and parts of the Bible throughout the world.
0058360|Bibliography is a list of books or articles about a subject.
0058400|Bibliotheque Nationale is one of the largest libraries in Europe.
0058440|Bicarbonate of soda, also known as baking soda and sodium bicarbonate, is a stomach alkalizer and soothes skin irritations.
0058450|Bicentennial Celebration, American, was a festival held throughout the United States, chiefly in 1976.
0058480|Bichat, Marie Francois Xavier, (1771-1802), was a French surgeon, anatomist, and physiologist.
0058510|Bichon frise is a breed of small, lively dog.
0058520|Bickerdyke, Mary Ann Ball (1817-1901), was a Civil War hospital worker who became known as Mother Bickerdyke.
0058580|Bicycle is a vehicle with two wheels mounted one behind the other on a frame.
0058600|Bicycle racing, also called cycling, is one of the most popular sports in the world.
0058620|Biddle, Nicholas (1786-1844), was an American banker.
0058650|Bieber, Owen Frederick (1929- ), served as president of the United Automobile Workers (UAW) from 1983 to 1995.
0058660|Biedermeier is the name of a style of design that developed in the German-speaking countries of Europe during the early 1800's.
0058720|Biennial is a plant that requires two years or two growing seasons to complete its life cycle.
0058760|Bienville, Sieur de (1680-1768), a French-Canadian explorer and administrator, played a leading role in the European settlement of Louisiana.
0058780|Bierce, Ambrose Gwinett (1842-1914?), was an American writer and journalist.
0058800|Bierstadt, Albert (1830-1902), was one of the greatest American romantic landscape painters.
0058840|Big and Little Dippers are the names of two groups of stars that are easy to recognize in the northern sky.
0058860|Big Ben is the great bell in the Clock Tower of the Houses of Parliament in London.
0058880|Big Bend National Park is the last great wilderness area of Texas.
0058940|Big Brothers/Big Sisters of America is a nonprofit social welfare organization that coordinates the programs of about 480 agencies in the United States.
0058960|Big Five refers to the five permanent members of the Security Council of the United Nations (UN).
0059140|Bigamy is the crime a man or woman commits by being married to two people at the same time.
0059170|Bigfoot is a humanlike creature said to live in the Pacific Northwest.
0059180|Bighorn is a species of wild sheep found only in North America.
0059240|Bignonia is the name of an American family of climbing shrubs, vines, and trees.
0059260|Bihzad, Kamal ad-Din, (1450-1537), was the most famous of the Persian miniature painters.
0059280|Bikini Atoll is an isolated atoll (ring-shaped reef) in the northwest Marshall Islands group in the Pacific Ocean.
0059285|Biko, Steve (1946-1977), was a black leader in the fight against apartheid and white minority rule in South Africa.
0059340|Bile is a fluid secreted by the liver.
0059380|Bilingual education is an educational approach that uses two languages for teaching.
0059420|Bill comes from the Latin word bulla, a seal used on documents during the Middle Ages.
0059460|Bill of exchange is a written order signed by the party drawing it, which directs a second party to pay to a third party a fixed sum of money at a certain time.
0059500|Bill of health is a certificate issued and signed by designated port authorities.
0059540|Bill of rights is a document that describes the fundamental liberties of the people.
0059560|Bill of Rights Day commemorates the acceptance of the Bill of Rights as amendments to the United States Constitution.
0059580|Bill of sale is a formal written statement by which a seller transfers to a purchaser the title to an item of personal property.
0059680|Billiards is the name of several indoor games played on a rectangular table.
0059700|Billings (pop. 81,151; met. area pop. 113,419) is the largest city in Montana.
0059740|Billings, Josh (1818-1885), was the pen name of Henry Wheeler Shaw, a popular American humorist.
0059760|Billings, William (1746-1800), was the first professional musician and the first important composer born in the American Colonies.
0059780|Billion is a thousand million in the United States and France.
0059820|Billy the Kid (1859-1881) was a cattle thief and killer in New Mexico.
0059840|Biloxi, (pop. 46,319), is the second largest city in Mississippi.
0059960|Binary star, or double star, is a pair of stars that are close together and cannot escape from each other.
0060040|Bindweed is the name of several species of plants that often grow as weeds.
0060060|Binet, Alfred (1857-1911), a French psychologist, did much to arouse interest in the psychological study of children.
0060140|Bingham, George Caleb, (1811-1879), was a leading American painter of genre subjects (scenes from everyday life).
0060200|Binoculars are two identical telescopes joined side by side so that a viewer sees an enlarged image with both eyes at once.
0060220|Binomial theorem is an important algebraic formula.
0060260|Biochemistry is the study of the chemical processes that take place in all living things.
0060268|Biodiversity is the variety that exists among organisms and their environments.
0060270|Biofeedback is a method of learning to control body processes that are not ordinarily thought of as being under voluntary control.
0060280|Biogenesis is a term in biology that is derived from two Greek words meaning life and birth.
0060320|Biography is the story of a person's life written by someone else.
0060335|Biological clock refers to a timing mechanism that operates in living things.
0060360|Biology is the scientific study of living things.
0060380|Bioluminescence is the ability of certain living things to give off light.
0060390|Biomass is any organic material that can be converted into energy or into a source of energy.
0060405|Biome is a plant and animal community that covers a large geographical area.
0060410|Biomedical engineering is a branch of engineering that applies engineering knowledge to solve problems in biology and medicine.
0060440|Bionics is a term that was originally applied to a variety of scientific projects involving biological systems, engineering systems, and artificial intelligence (see ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ).
0060460|Biophysics is the field of biology that applies the tools and techniques of physics to the study of life processes.
0060480|Biopsy is a medical technique by which living tissue is obtained for examination under the microscope.
0060490|Biorhythm is a term that refers to any cycle of changes in the functions of organisms.
0060510|Biosynthesis is the process by which living cells manufacture complicated chemical compounds from simpler substances.
0060513|Biotechnology is the term for techniques of managing biological systems for human benefit.
0060570|Bipolar disorder is a serious mental illness in which a person alternates between periods of severe depression and periods of mania (extreme joy, overactivity, or irritability).
0060580|Birch is the name of a group of about 40 slender trees and shrubs of North America, Europe, and Northern Asia.
0060620|Bird is an animal with feathers.
0060630|Bird, Larry (1956- ), ranks among the best all-around basketball players in the history of the game.
0060720|Bird of paradise is the name given to certain kinds of birds with plumage of many dazzling colors.
0060740|Bird-of-paradise flower is a small plant of South Africa with orange-and-blue flowers and banana-shaped leaves.
0060880|Bird's-foot trefoil is a perennial plant native to temperate regions in Europe and Asia.
0060940|Bird's-nest soup is a famous Chinese dish.
0060980|Birdseye, Clarence (1886-1956), pioneered the development of packaged frozen foods.
0061040|Birling, or logrolling, is a sport in which two contestants spin a floating log rapidly with their feet.
0061060|Birmingham, (pop. 265,968; met. area pop. 840,140), is the largest city in Alabama and a leading steel-making, educational, and medical center.
0061080|Birmingham (pop. 934,900; met. area pop. 2,500,400) ranks as the second largest city in Britain.
0061100|Birney, Alice Josephine McLellan (1858-1907), was a cofounder of the National Congress of Mothers (NCM).
0061160|Birth and death rates are important measurements of population changes.
0061180|Birth certificate is a legal record of a person's birth.
0061190|Birth control is a term that includes all methods used to regulate or prevent the birth of children.
0061195|Birth defect is an abnormality in the structure or function of the body that is present at birth.
0061220|Birthmark is a skin blemish that is present at birth or develops shortly thereafter.
0061240|Birthstone is a gem associated with a month of the year.
0061315|Biscayne National Park lies in the upper Florida Keys near Miami.
0061335|Bishkek, (pop. 626,000), is the capital and largest city of Kyrgyzstan, a country in central Asia.
0061340|Bishop, in some Christian churches, is a high-ranking official who administers an area containing a number of churches.
0061360|Bishop, Billy (1894-1956), a Canadian flier, became one of the most famous pilots of World War I.
0061375|Bishop, Elizabeth (1911-1979), an American poet, wrote poems that offer exquisitely detailed descriptions of landscapes, animals, and objects.
0061460|Bismarck, N. Dak. (pop. 49,256; met. area pop. 83,831), is the capital of the state.
0061500|Bismarck was a German battleship that was sunk in one of the most important naval actions of World War II.
0061510|Bismarck, Otto von (1815-1898), Prince Bismarck-Schonhausen, was a Prussian statesman who united the German states into one empire.
0061520|Bismarck Archipelago is a group of islands in the southwest Pacific Ocean.
0061560|Bismuth is a brittle, white metal with a pink tint.
0061600|Bissau, (pop. 109,214), is the capital, chief port, and largest city of Guinea-Bissau.
0061730|Bitter root, the state flower of Montana, is a small perennial plant.
0061740|Bittern is any of about 13 species of marsh-dwelling birds in the heron family.
0061770|Bitternut hickory, also called swamp hickory, is a medium or large hickory tree with bitter-tasting nuts.
0061820|Bitters is the term for certain bitter liquids extracted from herbs, leaves, barks, rhizomes (underground stems), roots, or flower heads.
0061840|Bittersweet is the name of two unrelated vinelike plants.
0061880|Bitumen is a light brown to black noncrystalline solid or semisolid made up of hydrogen, carbon, and small amounts of sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen.
0061920|Bituminous sands, also called tar sands, are deposits of sand that contain bitumen.
0062000|Bizet, Georges, (1838-1875), a French composer, wrote Carmen (1875), perhaps the most popular opera of all time.
0062015|Bjerknes, Vilhelm (1862-1951), was a Norwegian physicist whose work led to the development of modern techniques for describing and predicting the weather.
0062040|Bjoerling, Jussi, (1911-1960), was a Swedish operatic tenor who was famous for the elegance of his light, lyrical voice.
0062060|Bjornson, Bjornstjerne, (1832-1910), was a Norwegian poet, novelist, and playwright.
0062100|Black, Davidson (1884-1934), a Canadian anatomist and physical anthropologist, discovered and interpreted the fossilized bones that represent the extinct form of man known as Sinanthropus pekinensis (see PEKING FOSSILS ).
0062120|Black, Hugo Lafayette (1886-1971), was an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1937 to 1971.
0062167|Black and tan coonhound is a breed of dog that originated in America.
0062310|Black Caucus, Congressional is an organization of African American members of the Congress of the United States.
0062320|Black codes were state laws regulating the activities of blacks in the Southern United States after the American Civil War.
0062420|Black-eyed Susan, also called yellow daisy, is a small wild flower with orange-yellow rays and purple-black, cone-shaped centers.
0062460|Black Forest is a mountain district in southwestern Germany, covered with forests of dark fir and spruce trees.
0062480|Black Friday refers to two different Fridays in the history of the United States, each of which led to a financial emergency.
0062520|Black haw, also called sheepberry, nannyberry, or stagbush, is a shrub or small tree that grows in the Eastern and Southern United States.
0062540|Black Hawk (1767-1838) was a Sauk Indian chief.
0062560|Black Hills are a range of low mountains located in southwestern South Dakota and eastern Wyoming.
0062570|Black History Month is an annual observance, in February, of the past achievements and current status of African Americans.
0062594|Black hole is a region of space whose gravitational force is so strong that nothing can escape from it.
0062600|Black Hole of Calcutta was the scene of a disputed incident that took place in India in 1756, during a battle between British and Indian troops.
0062615|Black humor is a literary term that refers primarily to a kind of bitter and often outrageous satire.
0062630|Black Kettle (1803?-1868) was a Cheyenne Indian chief.
0062670|Black lung is a potentially disabling lung disease that afflicts coal miners.
0062680|Black market is the sale or distribution of goods or currency in violation of ceiling prices, quotas, rationing, and priorities established by a government.
0062750|Black Muslims are members of a religious movement in the United States called the Nation of Islam.
0062755|Black Panther Party was a radical political organization in the United States.
0062880|Black Sea is a large body of water that is bounded by Ukraine, Russia, Georgia, Turkey, Bulgaria, and Romania.
0062900|Black Shirt is a term for the armed squads who supported Benito Mussolini's Fascist movement in Italy.
0062980|Black widow is the most dangerous spider in the United States.
0063040|Blackbeard (?-1718), a British pirate, was one of the most famous villains in the history of the sea.
0063060|Blackberry is a small round fruit that grows on a flowering shrub or a trailing vine.
0063080|Blackbird is the family name given to many kinds of small birds whose plumage, at least in the males, is black.
0063130|Blackbuck is a graceful antelope that lives in India and Pakistan.
0063150|Blackfeet Indians lived on the Great Plains of the United States and Canada.
0063180|Blackfish is the common name for several fishes, such as the Alaska blackfish and the tautog.
0063300|Blacklist is a list of people or organizations believed to deserve suspicion, disapproval, and punishment.
0063320|Blackmail is a crime in which a person, using written or spoken threats of force or fright, demands money or property to which the person is not entitled.
0063350|Blackmun, Harry Andrew (1908- ), served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1970 to 1994.
0063420|Blackstone, Sir William (1723-1780), an English judge, author, and professor, won recognition for his Commentaries on the Laws of England (1765-1769).
0063490|Blackwell, Antoinette Brown (1825-1921), was the first ordained woman minister in the United States.
0063500|Blackwell, Elizabeth (1821-1910), was the first woman in the United States to receive a medical degree.
0063580|Bladder is the common name for the urinary bladder, a hollow muscular organ that stores urine before expelling it from the body.
0063620|Bladderwort is the name of a group of water or marsh plants that grow throughout the world.
0063640|Blaine, James Gillespie (1830-1893), was an important American political leader for many years.
0063650|Blair, Bonnie (1964- ), an American speed skater, won five gold medals and one bronze in the Winter Olympic Games, more than any other American athlete.
0063710|Blair, Francis Preston, Jr. (1821-1875), was an important political leader in Missouri.
0063720|Blair, John (1732-1800), a Virginia lawyer and judge, was a signer of the Constitution of the United States.
0063730|Blair, Tony (1953- ), became leader of Britain's Labour Party in 1994.
0063800|Blake, William (1757-1827), was a brilliant and unconventional English poet, engraver, and painter.
0063820|Blakelock, Ralph Albert (1847-1919), was an American landscape painter.
0063860|Blanchard, Jean-Pierre (1753-1809), a French aviation pioneer, made the first balloon flight across the English Channel in 1785 with John Jeffries, an American physician.
0063900|Blanching, in gardening, is a method of eliminating the green color of certain vegetables to improve flavor and texture.
0063940|Bland, James A. (1854-1911), was a black American composer.
0063980|Blank verse is poetry written in unrhymed lines of iambic pentameter.
0064040|Blarney Stone is a block of limestone in Blarney Castle, near Cork, Ireland.
0064080|Blasco Ibanez, Vicente, (1867-1928), was a Spanish novelist.
0064205|Blatch, Harriot Eaton Stanton (1856-1940), was a leader of the American woman suffrage movement.
0064240|Blazing star is the name of a group of wild flowers.
0064280|Bleach is any substance that lightens, brightens, or removes the color from a material.
0064320|Bleeding is the escape of blood from blood vessels.
0064340|Bleeding heart is a plant that bears heart-shaped rosy-red, pink, or white flowers in the late spring.
0064360|Blenheim, Battle of, was fought on Aug. 13, 1704.
0064420|Bleriot, Louis, (1872-1936), a French aviation pioneer, made the first airplane flight across the English Channel on July 25, 1909.
0064440|Bligh, William (1754-1817), a British sea captain and colonial governor, won fame as a result of the mutiny on his ship, the Bounty.
0064460|Blight is a condition of diseased plants in which whole parts of the plant die and wilt but do not rot or fall off.
0064500|Blimp is a small airship.
0064540|Blind spot is a small area of blindness that is present in the field of vision of the normal eye.
0064580|Blindness is the total or partial inability to see.
0064600|Blindworm is the common name of a type of legless lizard that lives in Europe, western Asia, and northern Africa.
0064640|Blister is a collection of fluid below or between the surface layers of skin.
0064700|Blitzkrieg was a type of fast-moving warfare developed by the Germans in World War II.
0064720|Blitzstein, Marc (1905-1964), was an American composer noted for his satirical, socio-political works for the stage.
0064760|Blizzard is a blinding snowstorm with strong, cold winds.
0064790|Bloc Quebecois is a Canadian political party that gives supporters of sovereignty for the province of Quebec a voice in Canada's Parliament.
0064800|Bloch, Ernest (1880-1959), was a prominent Swiss-American composer of orchestral, chamber, and vocal music.
0064810|Bloch, Felix (1905- ), an American physicist, made important contributions to the theory of electrical and magnetic properties of solids.
0064830|Bloch, Konrad Emil (1912- ), an American biochemist, discovered how animal cells produce a fatty substance called cholesterol from acetic acid.
0064860|Block, Herbert Lawrence (1909- ), is a famous American editorial cartoonist who signs his work Herblock.
0064900|Block and tackle is a machine used to lift weights and to exert large forces.
0064940|Block printing is a method of reproducing a picture in which the artist uses a thin block of wood, linoleum, or similar material to make the image.
0064980|Blockade is the patrolling of an enemy country's coasts by warships and planes to keep the country from receiving goods it needs to wage war.
0065020|Blockhouse is a small fort built of logs or timbers.
0065040|Bloemfontein, (pop. 126,867; met. area pop. 300,150), is the judicial capital of South Africa.
0065060|Blood is the river of life that flows through the human body.
0065120|Blood count is a test to determine the number of red and white cells and the amount of hemoglobin in the blood.
0065170|Blood poisoning is a disease involving infectious bacteria or fungi in the bloodstream.
0065200|Blood pressure is the pressure that blood exerts against the walls of the arteries.
0065240|Blood transfusion is the transfer of blood or blood components into a person's bloodstream.
0065260|Bloodhound is a breed of dog that has a keen sense of smell.
0065280|Bloodletting is the process of drawing blood from the body in the treatment of disease.
0065300|Bloodroot, also called red puccoon, is a flower that grows in Canada and the United States.
0065380|Bloomer, Amelia Jenks (1818-1894), a temperance reformer and advocate of women's rights, became famous in 1851 for her "Turkish pantaloons," called bloomers.
0065410|Bloomfield, Leonard (1887-1949), was a leading American linguist who developed scientific methods for the study of language.
0065530|Bloomsbury Group was an informal association of English intellectuals, most of them educated at Cambridge University.
0065560|Blount, William (1749-1800), was a North Carolina signer of the Constitution of the United States.
0065600|Blow fly is the name of several kinds of flies.
0065620|Blowgun is a tube through which pellets or thin darts are blown by a quick puff of air from the lungs.
0065740|Blubber is a thick layer of fat that lies under the skin and over the muscles of whales, dolphins, porpoises, seals, sea cows, and other sea mammals.
0065760|Blucher, Gebhard Leberecht von, (1742-1819), was the Prussian marshal whose arrival with reinforcements helped the British defeat Napoleon's army at the Battle of Waterloo (see WATERLOO, BATTLE OF ).
0065800|Blue baby is a term used to describe a newborn infant whose skin appears blue.
0065860|Blue crab is a highly valued food crab that lives in shallow waters along the Atlantic coast of the United States.
0065880|Blue Cross and Blue Shield are the names and symbols used by about 70 local, nonprofit organizations in the United States that finance health care insurance coverage.
0066020|Blue jay is a common bird of the eastern half of the United States and Canada.
0066040|Blue laws were the first printed laws of New Haven Colony in Connecticut.
0066160|Blue Ridge Mountains are eastern ranges of the Appalachian Mountain System.
0066220|Blue-sky laws are state laws that regulate the sale of bonds, stocks, and other securities.
0066280|Blue whale is the largest animal that ever lived.
0066320|Bluebell is the name given to several plants with blue flowers shaped like bells.
0066340|Blueberry is a small, sweet fruit that grows on a shrub of the same name.
0066360|Bluebird is any of three species of North American songbirds known for their brilliant, blue feathers.
0066380|Bluebonnet is the state flower of Texas.
0066480|Bluefish is a food fish that lives in the Atlantic Ocean from Nova Scotia to the southern tip of South America.
0066520|Bluegrass is the name of approximately 200 kinds of grasses that grow in cool regions of the world.
0066570|Bluenose was a Canadian fishing schooner that won five consecutive International Fisherman's races between Canada and the United States.
0066580|Blueprint is a copy of the original drawing that shows how to construct a machine, a building, or another object.
0066600|Blues are a kind of music that developed in America from the various musical expressions of black Americans.
0066640|Bluet is a small, elegant wild flower of eastern North America.
0066660|Bluford, Guion Stewart, Jr. (1942- ), a United States astronaut, became the first black American to travel in space.
0066690|Blume, Judy (1938- ), is an American author of humorous, realistic books for children and adults.
0066720|Blunderbuss was a type of gun used primarily in Europe from the 1600's to the 1800's.
0066740|Blushing causes the face and neck to redden and become warm.
0066750|Bly, Nellie (1867?-1922), was the pen name of Elizabeth Cochrane Seaman, an American journalist famous for her daring exposes.
0066760|Bly, Robert (1926- ), is an American poet most widely known as a leader of the men's movement.
0066780|B'nai B'rith is the oldest and largest international Jewish service organization.
0066820|Boa constrictor is a large snake of the tropical parts of America.
0066840|Boabdil, (?-1533?), was the last king of Moorish Granada, now a province in southern Spain (see GRANADA ).
0066860|Boadicea, (?-A.D. 62), was queen of the Iceni, a tribe of Britons.
0066880|Boar, Wild, is a wild hog of southwestern and central Asia and North Africa.
0067020|Boas, Franz, (1858-1942), a German-born American, was the most influential U.S. anthropologist of the early and mid-1900's.
0067060|Boating brings pleasure to millions of people every year.
0067130|Bob Jones University is a Christian, coeducational liberal arts institution in Greenville, S.C.
0067180|Bobcat is a wildcat that lives in North America.
0067200|Bobolink is a North American songbird related to blackbirds and orioles.
0067220|Bobsledding is a fast, dangerous winter sport in which teams of two or four men ride down a steep, icy course in steel and fiberglass sleds.
0067260|Boccaccio, Giovanni, (1313?-1375), is generally considered the first great writer of prose in a modern language.
0067280|Boccherini, Luigi, (1743-1805), was an Italian composer and cellist.
0067310|Boccioni, Umberto, (1882-1916), is considered the greatest Italian sculptor of the early 1900's.
0067370|Bode's law is a scheme for representing the approximate distances of the planets from the sun.
0067390|Bodhisattva, in the Buddhist religion, is a person who strives to become a Buddha.
0067400|Bodleian Library is the main library of Oxford University at Oxford, England.
0067440|Bodoni, Giambattista, (1740-1813), an Italian printer and type designer, became the most celebrated printer in Europe at the end of the 1700's.
0067475|Bodybuilding, or weight-training, is a sport and form of recreation in which people develop their muscles by lifting weights.
0067480|Boehmeria is a group of plants in the nettle family.
0067500|Boeing, William Edward (1881-1956), was an American industrialist.
0067540|Boeotia was a district of ancient Greece that lay northwest of Athens.
0067580|Boer War, also called the South African War, was fought from 1899 to 1902.
0067590|Boers are people of Dutch, German, or French ancestry who live in South Africa.
0067600|Boethius, Manlius Severinus (A.D. 480?-524?), was a Roman philosopher.
0067620|Bog is a type of wetland in which the soil is acidic, lacking in oxygen, and low in minerals.
0067680|Bogart, Humphrey (1899-1957), was an American motion-picture actor.
0067720|Bogota, (pop. 3,982,941), is the capital and largest city of Colombia.
0067780|Bohemia is a region in the western part of the Czech Republic.
0067841|Bohr, Niels (1885-1962), was a noted Danish physicist who developed a theory about the structure of the atom.
0067880|Boil is a painful infection of the skin and tissues under the skin.
0067900|Boileau-Despreaux, Nicolas, (1636-1711), was a French poet and critic of the Classical Age.
0067920|Boiler is a metal container in which a liquid is heated and changed into a vapor.
0067960|Boiling point is the temperature at which a liquid bubbles and changes into vapor.
0068000|Boise, (pop. 125,738; met. area pop. 295,851), is the capital and largest city of Idaho.
0068015|Boito, Arrigo, (1842-1918), was an Italian composer, author, and poet.
0068080|Bolero was originally a Spanish folk dance.
0068120|Boleyn, Anne (1507?-1536), was the second, and most famous, of King Henry VIII's six wives.
0068160|Bolivar, Simon, (1783-1830), was one of South America's greatest generals.
0068200|Bolivia is a country near the center of South America.
0068230|Boll, Heinrich (1917-1985), a German author, won the 1972 Nobel Prize for literature.
0068240|Boll weevil is a small beetle that feeds inside the bolls (seed pods) of cotton plants.
0068320|Bologna, (pop. 404,378), a city in northern Italy, lies in a region of pleasant climate and fruitful soil.
0068330|Bologna, University of, in Bologna, Italy, is one of the oldest universities in the world.
0068340|Bolometer is a device similar to a highly sensitive thermometer.
0068360|Bolsheviks, were members of a group that became the Communist Party in Russia.
0068370|Bolshoi Ballet, of Moscow is one of two major ballet companies in Russia.
0068420|Bolt is a type of fastener formed of a metal rod that has an enlarged head at one end and a screw thread at the other.
0068460|Boltzmann, Ludwig (1844-1906), was an Austrian theoretical physicist.
0068500|Bomb is a weapon that explodes.
0068520|Bombay (pop. 9,925,891; met. area pop. 12,571,720) is the largest city in India.
0068560|Bomber is a military airplane that attacks targets on land or at sea.
0068680|Bonaventure, Saint (1221-1274), was an important medieval theologian and religious leader.
0068740|Bond is a special form of contract.
0068780|Bond, in chemistry, is a force that attracts atoms to one another and holds them together.
0068835|Bond, Julian (1940- ), is a black civil rights leader.
0068845|Bondar, Roberta (1945- ), a doctor of medicine, became the first Canadian woman to travel in space.
0068900|Bonding is a method of protecting the government, individuals or companies against loss through the dishonesty of others or the failure of others to fulfill certain contracts or obligations.
0068940|Bone is a hard substance that forms the framework of the bodies of animals with backbones, including human beings.
0068960|Bone bank is a medical supply of bone that can be used in surgical operations.
0068990|Bone marrow transplant is a medical procedure in which defective or destroyed bone marrow is replaced with new bone marrow.
0069020|Bonefish is a type of fish that lives in shallow waters of most tropical and subtropical seas.
0069040|Boneset is a flowering plant that grows wild in meadows and lowlands.
0069090|Bongo drums are high-pitched percussion instruments.
0069100|Bonheur, Rosa (1822-1899), a French artist, was the most successful female painter of her time.
0069110|Bonhoeffer, Dietrich, (1906-1945), was a German theologian whose strong opposition to Nazism cost him his life.
0069141|Boniface VIII (1235-1303) was elected pope in 1294.
0069160|Boniface, Saint (675-754), was an English-born Christian missionary noted for his work in Germany.
0069200|Bonin Islands include 97 volcanic islands that are located about 600 miles (970 kilometers) south of Tokyo.
0069220|Bonington, Richard Parkes (1801-1828), an English landscape painter, might have won fame during his lifetime had he not died so young.
0069240|Bonito is a large fish that lives in the open sea.
0069260|Bonn (pop. 290,769) is a city in Germany.
0069280|Bonnard, Pierre, (1867-1947), was a French painter and graphic artist.
0069300|Bonnet, Stede (?-1718), was a retired British Army officer who became a pirate, probably to escape his Barbados Island home.
0069340|Bonneville, Benjamin de (1796-1878), was an American soldier, trader, and explorer.
0069360|Bonneville Dam lies on the Columbia River about 40 miles (64 kilometers) east of Portland, Ore.
0069440|Bonsai is the art of growing miniature trees or other plants in a tray or other container.
0069480|Bontemps, Arna Wendell (1902-1973), was an African-American author who edited or wrote over 30 books on black culture.
0069500|Bonus is a payment given in addition to what is normally due a person, particularly an employee.
0069540|Booby is any of six large diving birds that live near warm oceans.
0069580|Book consists of written or printed sheets of paper or some other material fastened together along one edge so it can be opened at any point.
0069600|Book collecting is a popular hobby.
0069660|Book of Kells is an illuminated (decorated) manuscript of the four Gospels and related material in Latin.
0069720|Book report is a discussion and evaluation of a book, usually as a school assignment.
0069740|Book review is an article published in a newspaper or periodical that announces the publication of a new book, tells what it is about, and evaluates it.
0069780|Book Week is a week set aside each year in November to promote the interest of young people in reading good books.
0069800|Bookbinding is the process of putting the pages of a book between covers.
0069820|Booker T. Washington National Monument was established in 1956 as a tribute to the great black educator, reformer, and writer.
0069840|Bookkeeping is the systematic process of analyzing, recording, and summarizing the economic transactions of a business or other organization.
0069860|Bookmobile is a vehicle that brings library materials and services to people.
0069880|Bookplate is a printed label pasted in a book as a mark of ownership.
0069920|Boolean algebra is a mathematical system used to solve problems in logic, probability, and engineering.
0069960|Boom town is a town that has grown up suddenly.
0070000|Boomerang is a curved, flat implement that is thrown as a weapon or for sport.
0070020|Boone, Daniel (1734-1820), is one of the most famous pioneers in United States history.
0070120|Bootes is a constellation in the northern celestial hemisphere.
0070130|Booth, Edwin Thomas (1833-1893), ranks among the greatest actors in American theater history.
0070135|Booth, Evangeline Cory (1865-1950) was the first woman to serve as general (director) of the Salvation Army.
0070140|Booth, John Wilkes (1838-1865), assassinated President Abraham Lincoln at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C., on April 14, 1865.
0070145|Booth, Junius Brutus (1796-1852), was an English actor who gained fame in both the United States and England.
0070150|Booth, William (1829-1912), an English preacher and social reformer, founded the Salvation Army.
0070160|Boothia Peninsula lies in Canada's Northwest Territories.
0070240|Borah, William Edgar (1865-1940), an American statesman, was a leader in the United States Senate for almost 33 years.
0070280|Borax is an important compound of the element boron.
0070300|Borazon is an artificially produced crystal that has the hardness of a diamond.
0070320|Bordeaux, (pop. 213,274; met. area pop. 685,456), is a commercial city in southwestern France.
0070350|Borden (pop. 436) is the main port of entry to the Canadian province of Prince Edward Island.
0070360|Borden, Lizzie (1860-1927), was the defendant in one of the most celebrated murder trials in United States history.
0070380|Borden, Sir Robert Laird (1854-1937), served as prime minister of Canada throughout World War I.
0070400|Border Patrol, United States, is a uniformed enforcement agency within the Immigration and Naturalization Service of the Department of Justice.
0070440|Border terrier is one of the oldest English breeds of terriers.
0070565|Borg, Bjorn, (1956- ), became one of the greatest players in the history of tennis.
0070570|Borges, Jorge Luis, (1899-1986), was an Argentine man of letters.
0070601|Borgia, Cesare, (1475?-1507), was an Italian political leader and a cruel, ambitious man.
0070602|Borgia, Lucrezia, (1480-1519), was an Italian noblewoman and the daughter of Pope Alexander VI.
0070620|Borglum, Gutzon, (1867-1941), was an American sculptor best known for creating the Mount Rushmore National Memorial in South Dakota.
0070660|Boric acid, also called boracic acid is a weak, inorganic acid best known for its use as an antiseptic.
0070750|Borlaug, Norman Ernest (1914- ), an American agricultural scientist, received the 1970 Nobel Peace Prize for developing new varieties of wheat.
0070760|Borman, Frank (1928- ), commanded the United States Apollo 8 space flight that circled the moon 10 times on Christmas Eve and Christmas Day, 1968.
0070770|Bormann, Martin (1900-1945?), was one of the most powerful leaders in Nazi Germany during World War II (1939-1945).
0070780|Born, Max (1882-1970), was a German physicist who played a major role in developing quantum mechanics.
0070800|Borneo is the third largest island in the world.
0070860|Borodin, Alexander (1833-1887), was a Russian composer.
0070880|Boron is an extremely hard, nonmetallic element.
0070900|Borough is a unit of local government.
0070935|Borromini, Francesco, (1599-1667), was a major Italian architect during the baroque period of the 1600's.
0071000|Borzoi, also called Russian wolfhound, is a dog originally bred in Russia to chase down game animals.
0071040|Bosch, Hieronymus, (1450?-1516), was a Dutch painter.
0071090|Bosnia-Herzegovina is a country in southeastern Europe.
0071110|Boson is one of the three major families of elementary particles.
0071120|Bosporus is a strait located in northwestern Turkey that connects the Black Sea and the Sea of Marmara.
0071160|Bossuet, Jacques Benigne, (1627-1704), was a French preacher, theologian, and historian.
0071180|Boston is the capital of Massachusetts and the largest city in New England.
0071220|Boston Massacre was not a massacre but the killing in a street clash of several colonists by a squad of British soldiers.
0071280|Boston Port Act was a law passed by the British Parliament in 1774.
0071300|Boston Post Road was any of the first three mail routes to serve colonial America.
0071320|Boston Tea Party was a raid by American colonists on three ships in Boston Harbor on Dec. 16, 1773.
0071340|Boston terrier is a small dog with a smooth dark coat.
0071400|Boswell, James (1740-1795), was a Scottish author who wrote what is probably the most brilliant biography in the English language, The Life of Samuel Johnson (1791).
0071430|Bot fly is the name of various kinds of harmful flies.
0071435|Botanic Garden, United States, in Washington, D.C., exhibits more than 10,000 plants, including over 2,000 rare species and varieties.
0071440|Botanical garden is a garden in which plants are grown chiefly for scientific, educational, and artistic purposes.
0071460|Botany is the branch of biology concerned with the study of plants.
0071480|Botany Bay is a body of water about 5 miles (8 kilometers) wide on the east coast of Australia.
0071520|Botha, Louis, (1862-1919), served as the first prime minister of the Union of South Africa, from 1910 to 1919.
0071530|Botha, Pieter Willem, (1916- ), served as the head of South Africa's government from 1978 to 1989.
0071580|Bothwell, Earl of (1536?-1578), a Scottish Protestant nobleman, was the third husband of Mary, Queen of Scots (see MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS ).
0071590|Botswana is a country in the center of southern Africa.
0071600|Bottger, Johann Friedrich, (1682-1719), a German chemist, was the first European to produce porcelain (see PORCELAIN ).
0071620|Botticelli, Sandro, (1444?-1510), was an Italian Renaissance painter who lived and worked in Florence.
0071640|Bottle is a container for holding liquids.
0071660|Bottle tree is an Australian tree whose trunk looks like a round bottle.
0071720|Botulism is a kind of food poisoning.
0071725|Bouchard, Lucien, (1938- ), became the leader the Parti Quebecois, Quebec's powerful separatist party, and the premier of Quebec in 1996.
0071730|Boucher, Francois, (1703-1770), was a leading painter in France during the 1700's.
0071740|Boucicault, Dion, (1820?-1890), was an Irish-American playwright, actor, and theater manager.
0071780|Bougainville, (pop. 110,000), is the largest of the Solomon Islands.
0071800|Bougainvillea is the name of a group of South American shrubs and climbing vines.
0071865|Boulding, Kenneth Ewart (1910-1993), was an American economist whose writings have influenced many scholars.
0071870|Boulez, Pierre (1925- ), is a leading avant-garde (experimental) composer.
0072020|Bourassa, Henri, (1868-1952), was a French-Canadian journalist and political leader.
0072040|Bourbon was the name of a French royal family, some of whose members ruled in France, Spain, Naples, and Sicily.
0072140|Bourguiba, Habib, (1903- ), served as president of Tunisia from 1957 to 1987.
0072160|Bourke-White, Margaret (1904-1971), was an American news photographer.
0072200|Boutros-Ghali, Boutros, (1922- ), is a diplomat from Egypt who in 1992 became the sixth secretary-general of the United Nations (UN).
0072240|Bouvier des Flandres is a breed of dog that originated in Belgium.
0072360|Bowditch, Nathaniel (1773-1838), an American mathematician and astronomer, is known for his extensive revision of The Practical Navigator, which he renamed The New American Practical Navigator in 1802.
0072440|Bowell, Sir Mackenzie, (1823-1917), served as prime minister of Canada from December 1894 to April 1896.
0072460|Bowen, Elizabeth (1899-1973), was an Anglo-Irish author of novels and short stories about the problem of personal relationships in the modern world.
0072480|Bowerbird is the name of 18 species of birds that live in Australia, New Guinea, and neighboring islands.
0072540|Bowfin is a large freshwater fish that lives in eastern North America.
0072560|Bowhead whale is a large whale that lives in the Arctic Ocean.
0072580|Bowie, James (1796?-1836), became known for his role in the Texas Revolution.
0072600|Bowie knife was a popular hunting tool and weapon of the American frontier.
0072720|Bowling is one of the oldest and most popular indoor sports.
0072840|Box, also called boxwood, is the name of about 30 species of slow-growing evergreen shrubs or small trees.
0072910|Boxelder is a species of maple whose leaves differ from those of other maples.
0072915|Boxelder bug is an insect that lives throughout the eastern and midwestern parts of the United States.
0072920|Boxer is a medium-sized dog of a breed developed in Germany.
0072940|Boxer Rebellion was a bloody uprising in northern China in 1900 in which hundreds of Chinese and more than 200 people from other countries were killed.
0072960|Boxing is a sport in which two fighters battle with their fists.
0072980|Boxing Day is a holiday celebrated in Britain, Australia, New Zealand, and Canada.
0073000|Boy Scouts is an organization that teaches young people to be good citizens and trains them to become leaders.
0073040|Boycott is a refusal to deal with an individual, organization, or country.
0073060|Boyd, Belle (1843-1900), was a Confederate spy.
0073100|Boyle, Robert (1627-1691), an Irish scientist, is considered the founder of modern chemistry.
0073120|Boyne, Battle of the, was the decisive battle in the struggle between former King James II of England and his successor, William III, for the control of Ireland.
0073125|Boys & Girls Clubs of America is a nonprofit youth organization that provides support services to local Boys & Girls Clubs and communities throughout the United States.
0073130|Boys' Brigade is an international organization for boys from 6 through 18 years old.
0073160|Boys State is a program of citizenship training of the American Legion.
0073180|Boys Town is a private institution for homeless, abused, neglected, and disabled children of every race and religion.
0073200|Boysenberry is a type of blackberry.
0073210|Bozeman Trail was a route that travelers of the 1860's used to reach gold fields in Montana and Idaho.
0073230|Brace, Charles Loring (1826-1890), an American social reformer, worked to improve the living conditions of poor children.
0073280|Brachiosaurus was a gigantic, plant-eating dinosaur that lived about 150 million years ago in what are now Africa and North America.
0073350|Bradbury, Ray (1920- ), is an American author best known for his fantasy stories and science fiction.
0073360|Braddock, Edward (1695-1755), an English general, led British and colonial troops in a disastrous expedition against Fort Duquesne during the French and Indian War (see FRENCH AND INDIAN WARS ).
0073370|Braddock, James J. (1905-1974), an American boxer, defeated Max Baer in 1935 to become the world heavyweight champion.
0073420|Bradford, Roark (1896-1948), was an American author known for his tales about black life in the South.
0073440|Bradford, William (1590-1657), was the second governor of Plymouth Colony, the settlement established by the Pilgrims in 1620.
0073445|Bradford, William (1663-1752), was a printer who played an important role in the beginnings of journalism in the American Colonies.
0073447|Bradford, William, III (1722-1791), was an American publisher and a leading patriot during the Revolutionary War in America.
0073450|Bradley, Bill (1943- ), a Democrat from New Jersey, has been a member of the United States Senate since 1979.
0073480|Bradley, Francis Herbert (1846-1924), was a British idealistic philosopher.
0073500|Bradley, James (1693-1762), was an English astronomer.
0073520|Bradley, Omar Nelson (1893-1981), commanded the largest fighting force ever amassed in battle under the American flag.
0073530|Bradley, Thomas (1917- ), was the first African-American mayor of Los Angeles.
0073560|Bradstreet, Anne Dudley (1612?-1672), was the first important American poet.
0073570|Brady, Diamond Jim (1856-1917), was an American businessman famous for his extravagant lifestyle.
0073580|Brady, Mathew B. (1823?-1896), was a famous American photographer.
0073590|Brady, Nicholas Frederick (1930- ), was United States secretary of the treasury from 1988 to 1993.
0073600|Braga, (pop. 65,008), is a city in northwestern Portugal.
0073620|Bragg, Braxton (1817-1876), was a Confederate general during the Civil War.
0073640|Bragg, Sir William Henry (1862-1942), was a British physicist.
0073660|Brahe, Tycho, (1546-1601), was a Danish astronomer.
0073680|Brahman is the name of the most absolute, abstract form of God in the Hindu religion.
0073760|Brahmaputra River is an important waterway of southern Asia.
0073780|Brahms, Johannes, (1833-1897), was one of the greatest composers of the late 1800's.
0073820|Braiding is one of the simplest methods of interlacing yarn or other fibers.
0073840|Braille is a code of small, raised dots on paper that can be read by touch.
0073860|Braille, Louis (1809-1852), was a blind Frenchman who invented the braille system of printing and writing for the blind.
0073880|Brain is the master control center of the body.
0073940|Brainwashing is a method of influencing people to change their beliefs and accept as true what they previously had considered false.
0074000|Brake is a device that slows or stops a moving object.
0074040|Bramante, Donato (1444-1514), was an architect and painter of the Italian Renaissance.
0074060|Bramble is the name of a group of low, woody shrubs or vines that belongs to the rose family.
0074080|Bran is the firm outer coat of kernels of barley, corn, oat, rice, wheat, and other cereal grains.
0074160|Brancusi, Constantin (1876-1957), was a Romanian-born sculptor.
0074200|Brandeis, Louis Dembitz, (1856-1941), was an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1916 to 1939.
0074260|Brandenburg is a state in east-central Germany.
0074310|Brando, Marlon (1924- ), became the leading American actor of his generation.
0074320|Brandon (pop. 38,567) is the second largest city in Manitoba.
0074340|Brandt, Willy (1913-1992), was elected chancellor of West Germany in 1969.
0074480|Brant, also spelled brent, is the name of two wild North American geese.
0074500|Brant, Joseph (1742-1807), was a Mohawk Indian leader.
0074540|Braque, Georges (1882-1963), was a French artist.
0074580|Brasilia, (pop. 1,803,478), is the capital of Brazil and one of the world's leading examples of large-scale city planning.
0074600|Brass is an alloy (mixture) of copper and zinc.
0074640|Bratislava, or Pressburg (pop. 409,100), is the capital and largest city of Slovakia.
0074660|Brattain, Walter Houser (1902-1987), an American physicist, helped invent the transistor.
0074670|Braun, Eva, (1912-1945), was the mistress of Adolf Hitler, dictator of Germany from 1933 to 1945.
0074720|Braxton, Carter (1736-1797), an American statesman, was a Virginia signer of the Declaration of Independence.
0074760|Brazil is the largest country in South America in both area and population.
0074780|Brazil nut, also called para nut, comes from a large, evergreen tree found mainly in forests near the Amazon River and its tributaries in northern Brazil, Guyana, and Venezuela.
0074860|Brazilwood is the common name of several dyewood trees of Brazil.
0074920|Brazzaville, (pop. 596,200), is the capital and largest city of Congo.
0074960|Breach of promise is the legal term for breaking an agreement to marry.
0074980|Breach of the peace is a term which includes disorderly conduct but is broader in its scope.
0075000|Bread is the most widely eaten food.
0075060|Breadfruit is a tropical fruit native to the Pacific Islands.
0075160|Breakwater is a wall that protects a harbor, coast, or offshore structure from strong waves.
0075170|Bream is the name of various kinds of stout-bodied fish.
0075180|Brearley, David (1745-1790), a lawyer and judge from New Jersey, was a signer of the Constitution of the United States.
0075200|Breast is an organ specially designed to produce milk to feed a baby.
0075240|Breasted, James Henry (1865-1935), an American archaeologist, became one of the world's leading authorities on the archaeology and history of Egypt and the Near East.
0075280|Brebeuf, Saint Jean de, (1593-1649), was a French Jesuit missionary and martyr.
0075320|Brecht, Bertolt, also spelled Bertold (1898-1956), was an important German playwright.
0075340|Breckinridge, John Cabell (1821-1875), was Vice President of the United States and, later, a Confederate general in the Civil War.
0075360|Breckinridge, Sophonisba (1866-1948), was a pioneer teacher of social work in the United States.
0075380|Breda, (pop. 118,819; met. area pop. 152,449), is a Dutch city about 27 miles (43 kilometers) southeast of Rotterdam.
0075500|Breeding is the careful selection and pairing of plants, animals, and other organisms to improve the usefulness of their offspring.
0075510|Breedlove, Craig (1937- ), became one of the world's fastest automobile drivers in the 1960's.
0075600|Bremen, (pop. 551,219), is a commercial and industrial city in northwestern Germany.
0075680|Brennan, William Joseph, Jr. (1906- ), served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1956 to 1990.
0075700|Brenner Pass straddles the border between Austria and Italy at the eastern end of the Alps.
0075820|Brest (pop. 153,099; met. area pop. 201,480) is a seaport city on the northwest coast of France.
0075850|Brethren is the name for several Protestant groups that developed from the Pietist movement in Germany in the 1600's and 1700's.
0075860|Brethren, Church of the, was organized in Germany in 1708 by Alexander Mack.
0075890|Breton, Andre, (1896-1966), was a French author and critic associated with two important movements in the arts.
0075900|Breton, Jules Adolphe, (1827-1906), was a French painter known for his sentimental scenes of peasant life.
0075920|Bretton Woods is the popular name for the International Monetary Conference held at Bretton Woods, N.H., in July 1944.
0075940|Breuer, Marcel Lajos (1902-1981), was a Hungarian-born architect, furniture designer, and teacher.
0076020|Brewing is the process used to make such alcoholic malt beverages as lager beer and ale.
0076060|Brewster, William (1567?-1644), a spiritual leader of Plymouth Colony, was a founder of the Congregational Church in America.
0076070|Breyer, Stephen Gerald (1938- ), became an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States in 1994.
0076080|Brezhnev, Leonid Ilyich, (1906-1982), was head of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1964 until his death.
0076100|Brian Boru, (940?-1014), was an Irish tribal chief who became King of Munster after 976, and High King of Ireland after 1002.
0076160|Briard is a dog that was first bred in France, probably in the 800's.
0076180|Bribery means giving or offering something of value to a public official or other person in a position of public trust, who in return violates his or her duty or the law in order to benefit the giver.
0076200|Brice, Fanny (1891-1951), was an American comedienne and singer in musical comedy and on radio.
0076220|Brick is a rectangular building block made of clay, shale, or various other materials.
0076240|Bricker, John William (1893-1986), was the Republican candidate for Vice President of the United States in 1944.
0076280|Bridal wreath is a shrub that belongs to the rose family.
0076300|Bridalveil Fall is one of the most beautiful sights of Yosemite National Park, Calif.
0076320|Bridge is a structure used by people and vehicles to cross areas that are obstacles to travel.
0076340|Bridge is a popular card game played by four persons who form two teams of two partners each.
0076360|Bridge of Sighs is a beautiful bridge in Venice, Italy.
0076420|Bridgeport, Conn. (pop. 141,686; met. area pop. 443,722), is the largest city in Connecticut and a major industrial and commercial center.
0076465|Bridger, Jim (1804-1881), a hunter, trapper, fur trader, and guide, was one of the greatest American frontiersmen.
0076480|Bridges, Harry (1901-1990), served as president of the International Longshoremen's and Warehousemen's Union (ILWU) from 1938 to 1977.
0076540|Bridget, Saint, is the name of two saints of the Roman Catholic Church.
0076560|Bridgetown (pop. 6,720) is the capital and largest city of Barbados.
0076595|Bridgman, Laura Dewey (1829-1889), was the first deaf and blind child to be successfully educated in the United States.
0076600|Bridgman, Percy Williams (1882-1961), an American physicist and philosopher of science, won the 1946 Nobel Prize in physics for his experiments on high-pressure phenomena.
0076620|Brief, in law, is a document that is submitted to a court by a party to a civil or criminal lawsuit.
0076640|Brier, also called tree heath, is a shrubby plant of the heath family.
0076660|Brieux, Eugene, (1858-1932), was a French playwright.
0076680|Brig is a two-masted sailing vessel with square sails.
0076700|Brigade, in the United States Army, consists of a headquarters and two or more battalions.
0076780|Brigham City, (pop. 15,644), is located in northern Utah at the foot of the Wasatch mountain range.
0076800|Brigham Young University is a coeducational school in Provo, Utah.
0076820|Bright, John (1811-1889), was an English orator, reformer, and liberal politician.
0076840|Bright, Richard (1789-1858), an English physician, won recognition in 1827 when he pointed out the connection between diseased kidneys, albumin in the urine, and dropsy.
0076860|Brighton (pop. 143,100) is a city on the southern coast of England.
0076940|Brink, Carol Ryrie (1895-1981), an American author of children's books, received the 1936 Newbery Medal for Caddie Woodlawn.
0076980|Brisbane, (pop. 1,334,746), is the capital of Queensland, a state of Australia.
0077000|Brisbane, Arthur (1864-1936), was one of the first syndicated newspaper columnists in the United States.
0077040|Bristle is the term for the coarse, stiff hair used in various kinds of brushes.
0077060|Bristlecone pine is an evergreen tree that grows at high altitudes in the Western United States.
0077080|Bristol, (pop. 393,800), is an industrial city and seaport in southwestern England.
0077100|Bristol Channel is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that lies between Wales and southwestern England.
0077160|Britannia metal is an alloy consisting of a minimum of 90 percent tin and up to 8 percent antimony and 2 percent copper.
0077180|British America refers to those parts of North and South America that have political ties to Britain.
0077200|British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) broadcasts radio and television programs to audiences in the United Kingdom.
0077220|British Cameroons was a United Nations trust territory on the west coast of Africa.
0077240|British Columbia is Canada's third largest province.
0077260|British Columbia, University of, is a coeducational university in Vancouver, B.C.
0077350|British Indian Ocean Territory is a British dependency in the Indian Ocean.
0077360|British Isles are one of the world's chief island groups.
0077370|British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom and one of the largest libraries in the world.
0077380|British Museum, in London, is among the oldest of the world's great national museums.
0077420|British North America Act served as the main written part of Canada's constitution from 1867 until 1982.
0077430|British Petroleum Company is one of the world's largest international oil companies.
0077480|British thermal unit, or Btu, is a unit used to measure heat in the inch-pound system of measurement customarily used in the United States.
0077500|British West Indies is a group of islands in the Caribbean Sea.
0077540|Brittany is a region in northwestern France.
0077560|Brittany is a popular breed of hunting dog in the United States.
0077580|Britten, Benjamin (1913-1976), also called Lord Britten, was a British composer famous for his vocal music, especially operas.
0077590|Brittle star is a sea animal that resembles a starfish.
0077600|Brno, (pop. 391,979), or Brunn, is the second largest city in the Czech Republic.
0077605|Broad bean is a hardy annual plant that may grow 6 feet (1.8 meters) high.
0077640|Broadcloth is a cotton or soft woolen fabric used for making coats, suits, shirts, and dresses.
0077740|Brocade is a cloth that has raised designs woven into it with heavy yarns.
0077760|Broccoli is a nutritious garden vegetable closely related to cauliflower.
0077780|Brock, Sir Isaac (1769-1812), was a British general who helped save Upper Canada (now Ontario) from being captured by the United States in the War of 1812.
0077790|Brodsky, Joseph (1940-1996), was a poet and essayist who won the 1987 Nobel Prize for literature.
0077910|Brome is the name of about 150 kinds of grasses found mostly in the Northern Hemisphere.
0077930|Bromeliad is the name for any member of a large family of tropical plants.
0077940|Bromfield, Louis (1896-1956), was an American novelist, gentleman farmer, and political writer.
0077960|Bromide is the name for a number of compounds made with bromine, a dark-red liquid (see BROMINE ).
0077980|Bromine is a reddish liquid chemical element.
0078000|Bronchitis is an inflammation of the mucous lining of the air passages in the lungs.
0078010|Bronchodilator is any of a group of drugs that open up the small breathing tubes in the lungs.
0078020|Bronchoscope is an instrument used to examine the trachea and the bronchial tubes of the lungs.
0078060|Bronco is a cowhand's term for a bad-tempered or untamed horse.
0078081|Bronte sisters, were three sisters who became famous novelists--Charlotte (1816-1855), Emily (1818-1848), and Anne (1820-1849).
0078160|Bronze is an alloy made primarily of copper and tin.
0078180|Bronze Age was the period when people used bronze for tools and weapons.
0078260|Brook Farm was an experimental socialist community established in 1841 near West Roxbury, Mass., 9 miles (14 kilometers) from Boston.
0078290|Brooke, Edward William (1919- ), a Massachusetts Republican, served in the United States Senate from 1967 to 1979.
0078300|Brooke, Frances (1724-1789), was an English author who wrote The History of Emily Montague (1769), the first novel in Canadian literature.
0078320|Brooke, Leonard Leslie (1862-1940), an English portrait painter and water-colorist, is known best for his picture books.
0078340|Brooke, Rupert (1887-1915), was an English poet whose career was cut short by his death in World War I (1914-1918).
0078400|Brookhaven National Laboratory is a center for research in the physical and life sciences.
0078420|Brookings Institution is a nonprofit organization engaged in nonpartisan study of economic, governmental, and international issues and the social sciences.
0078460|Brooklyn is one of the five boroughs (districts) that make up New York City.
0078520|Brooklyn Bridge is a suspension bridge over the East River.
0078600|Brooks, Gwendolyn (1917- ), is an American poet.
0078620|Brooks, Phillips (1835-1893), an American Episcopal clergyman and bishop, is best remembered for his Christmas carol "O Little Town of Bethlehem.
0078660|Brooks, Van Wyck, (1886-1963), was an American writer best known for his books of literary criticism and social history.
0078720|Broom is the name of a group of attractive shrubs.
0078740|Broom, Jacob (1752-1810), a farmer and businessman from Delaware, was a signer of the Constitution of the United States.
0078760|Broom, Robert (1866-1951), was a Scottish anatomist and paleontologist.
0078800|Brother Jonathan was a name for any patriotic American during and after the Revolutionary War in America (1775-1783).
0078840|Brotherhood/Sisterhood Week is observed during the third week of February.
0078880|Broun, Heywood Campbell, (1888-1939), was one of the nation's most widely read newspaper columnists during the 1920's and 1930's.
0078900|Brouwer, Adriaen, (1605 or 1606-1638), was a Flemish painter.
0078940|Browder, Earl Russell (1891-1973), helped organize the Communist Party in the United States, and served as its general secretary from 1930 to 1944.
0078984|Brown is the family name of two governors of California, father and son.
0078990|Brown, Benjamin Gratz (1826-1885), was a candidate for Vice President of the United States in 1872.
0079000|Brown, Charles Brockden (1771-1810), was the first major American novelist.
0079020|Brown, George (1818-1880), was a Canadian journalist and politician.
0079030|Brown, Harold (1927- ), served as secretary of defense from 1977 to 1981 under President Jimmy Carter.
0079035|Brown, James (1933- ), ranks among the most influential artists in popular music.
0079040|Brown, Jesse (1944- ), became United States secretary of veterans affairs in 1993 under President Bill Clinton.
0079050|Brown, Jim (1936- ), was one of the greatest runners in National Football League (NFL) history.
0079060|Brown, John (1800-1859), was a radical abolitionist whose attempt to free the slaves cost a number of lives and helped indirectly to bring on the Civil War.
0079120|Brown, Marcia Joan (1918- ), is an American illustrator of children's books.
0079140|Brown, Robert (1773-1858), was a Scottish botanist.
0079150|Brown, Ronald Harmon (1941-1996), became the first African American to head a major United States political party when he was elected chairman of the Democratic Party's national committee in 1989.
0079165|Brown lung is a lung disease that affects many workers in cotton textile mills.
0079170|Brown recluse is a brownish, poisonous spider found in the United States.
0079240|Brown thrasher is a songbird found east of the Rocky Mountains in southern Canada and the United States.
0079280|Brown University is a privately endowed coeducational school located in Providence, Rhode Island.
0079300|Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka was a case decided in 1954 in which the Supreme Court of the United States declared racial segregation in public schools to be unconstitutional.
0079440|Browning, Elizabeth Barrett (1806-1861), was a famous poet of Victorian England.
0079460|Browning, John Moses (1855-1926), invented and designed more successful firearms than any other American.
0079480|Browning, Robert (1812-1889), was one of the greatest poets of Victorian England.
0079500|Browntail moth is a serious pest on fruit trees and shade trees in New England.
0079550|Brubeck, Dave (1920- ), is an American pianist and composer.
0079555|Bruce, Blanche Kelso (1841-1898), became the first black to serve a full term in the United States Senate.
0079560|Bruce, Sir David (1855-1931), a British military surgeon and parasitologist, specialized in the study of tropical diseases.
0079600|Bruce, Robert (1274-1329) was a gallant Scottish king.
0079620|Brucellosis is an infectious disease that occurs worldwide in both human beings and animals.
0079640|Bruch, Max (1838-1920), was a German composer.
0079660|Bruckner, Anton (1824-1896), was an Austrian composer of the romantic period.
0079680|Bruegel, Pieter, the Elder (1525?-1569), was an important Flemish painter.
0079700|Bruges, (pop. 116,724), is a picturesque city in Belgium.
0079710|Bruhn, Erik (1928-1986), a Danish ballet dancer, was rated by many people to be the best male dancer of his time.
0079740|Bruise is an injury to the skin and underlying tissues that produces bleeding under the skin.
0079760|Brule, Etienne, (1592?-1633), a noted French adventurer, was the first European to reach Lake Ontario.
0079780|Brummell, George Bryan (1778-1840), also known as Beau Brummell, was an Englishman who became famous for his fashionable life style.
0079800|Brunei is a small country in Southeast Asia.
0079810|Brunel, Isambard Kingdom, (1806-1859), was an English engineer.
0079820|Brunelleschi, Filippo, (1377?-1446), was the first important architect of the Italian Renaissance.
0079840|Brunhild is a mythical heroine who appears in German legends dating from the A.D. 400's.
0079860|Bruno, Giordano (1548-1600), was one of the most prominent philosophers of the Renaissance.
0079920|Brunswick was the name of a distinguished German family descended from the Welf family (see GUELPHS AND GHIBELLINES ).
0079980|Brush is a device with hair, bristle, wire, or fiber set in a handle or in a round hub that attaches to a power tool.
0080040|Brussels (pop. 134,856) is the capital of Belgium.
0080060|Brussels griffon is one of the breeds of small dogs that are classed as toy dogs.
0080080|Brussels sprouts is a vegetable with a flavor like that of mild cabbage.
0080100|Brut was the great-grandson of Aeneas, the mythical Trojan hero and ancestor of the Roman people.
0080120|Brutus, Marcus Junius, (85?-42 B.C.), was a Roman statesman and general who helped assassinate the Roman dictator Julius Caesar.
0080145|Bryan, Charles Wayland (1867-1945), was the Democratic candidate for Vice President of the United States in 1924.
0080155|Bryan, William Jennings (1860-1925), was a noted orator and statesman.
0080190|Bryant, Paul (1913-1983), was one of the top coaches in the history of American college football.
0080200|Bryant, William Cullen (1794-1878), was the first great American poet.
0080220|Bryce, James (1838-1922), was a British historian and statesman.
0080240|Bryce Canyon National Park, which lies in southern Utah, contains some of the world's most oddly shaped and beautifully colored rocks.
0080260|Bryde's whale is a long, slender whale that lives in tropical and subtropical seas.
0080300|Bryophyte is any of the group of small, nonflowering green plants made up of mosses, liverworts, and hornworts.
0080315|Bryozoan is a type of water animal that lives only in colonies.
0080320|Brzezinski, Zbigniew Kazimierz, (1928- ), was a key aide of United States President Jimmy Carter.
0080360|Bubble chamber was a device that physicists once used extensively to study subatomic particles, units of matter smaller than an atom.
0080380|Bubble gum is a form of chewing gum.
0080400|Buber, Martin (1878-1965), was one of the greatest Jewish philosophers of modern times.
0080480|Buchan, John (1875-1940), a British diplomat and author, served as governor general of Canada from 1935 to 1940.
0080500|Buchanan, James (1791-1868), served as President in the critical years just before the Civil War.
0080520|Bucharest, or, in Romanian, Bucuresti (pop. 1,961,189; met. area pop. 2,227,568), is the capital and largest city of Romania.
0080560|Buchenwald was a concentration camp in Nazi Germany.
0080590|Buchner, Georg, (1813-1837), a German writer, is considered a forerunner of the naturalism movement of the late 1800's.
0080595|Buchwald, Art (1925- ), is an American newspaper columnist who specializes in political and social satire.
0080620|Buck, Frank (1882-1950), was an American collector of, and authority on, wild animals.
0080640|Buck, Pearl S. (1892-1973), an American author, won the 1938 Nobel Prize for literature.
0080660|Buck Island Reef National Monument lies under water in a lagoon near the island of St. Croix in the Virgin Islands.
0080760|Buckingham, Duke of (1592-1628), an English nobleman, was the real ruler of England during the later years of King James I's reign, which ended in 1625, and from 1625 to 1628 under King Charles I.
0080820|Buckingham Palace is the London residence of the British monarch.
0080850|Buckley, William F., Jr. (1925- ), an American editor and author, is one of the best-known spokesmen for political conservatism in the United States.
0080880|Buckner, Simon Bolivar (1823-1914), was a lieutenant general in the Confederate Army during the Civil War.
0080920|Buckskin is a velvetlike finished leather made from the skin of deer or elk.
0080940|Bucktails were a powerful group in the Democratic-Republican Party in the state of New York from about 1816 to 1830.
0080960|Buckthorn is the name of about 150 species of shrubs and small trees native to the Northern Hemisphere.
0080980|Buckwheat is a plant grown for its starchy seeds.
0081020|Bud is a cluster of developing leaves surrounding a growing point of a plant.
0081040|Budapest, (pop. 2,075,990), is the capital and largest city of Hungary.
0081060|Buddha, (563?-483? B.C.), is the title given to the founder of Buddhism, one of the world's great religions.
0081080|Buddhism is one of the major religions of the world.
0081120|Budge, Don (1915- ), an American tennis player, was the first man in history to win the world's four major tennis championships in one year.
0081160|Budget is a financial plan that helps people make the best possible use of their money.
0081180|Budget, Bureau of the, was a United States government agency that assisted the President in preparing the federal budget.
0081320|Buenos Aires, (pop. 2,965,403; met. area pop. 10,934,727), is the capital and largest city of Argentina.
0081360|Buffalo is the common name of several kinds of large wild oxen.
0081370|Buffalo is the name of three species of large, dark-colored fish that live in fresh water.
0081380|Buffalo, N.Y., is the second largest city in the state and a major industrial and transportation center in the United States.
0081420|Buffalo Bill (1846-1917), whose real name was William Frederick Cody, was a frontiersman and noted marksman of the American West.
0081480|Buffalo ceremonials were rites honoring the animals that provided food, shelter, and clothing to many Indian tribes.
0081515|Buffalo Soldiers was a name given to two regiments of the United States Army that were made up entirely of African American soldiers.
0081530|Buffaloberry is the name of two species of shrubs or small trees found in parts of the United States and in Canada.
0081535|Buffett, Warren Edward (1930- ), an American business executive, is chairman of the board of directors of Berkshire Hathaway Inc., a major U.S. holding company.
0081600|Bug is the common name of all insects, but true bugs are insects of the order Hemiptera.
0081660|Bugbane is a tall, perennial plant with large, broad leaves divided into many leaflets.
0081700|Bugle is a wind instrument that consists of a curved brass or copper cone-shaped tube.
0081780|Buick, David Dunbar (1855-1929), was a pioneering automobile manufacturer.
0081860|Building construction. The construction of the homes and buildings in which people live and work has been a major industry ever since early human beings first made huts of sticks, mud, and rocks.
0081880|Building permit is a license authorizing the construction of any building within the boundaries of an incorporated community.
0081900|Building stone is one of the world's most important construction materials.
0081920|Building trade is any one of the branches of a large section of industry concerned with the construction of public buildings, homes, bridges, canals, harbors, railways, reservoirs, streets and highways, sewers, and subways.
0081930|Bujumbura, (pop. 151,000), is the capital and largest city of Burundi.
0081950|Bulawayo, (pop. 600,000), is the second largest city and a major industrial center of Zimbabwe.
0081960|Bulb is a round, underground structure that develops in certain flowering plants.
0081980|Bulbul is any member of a family of about 120 species of tropical songbirds found in Africa and southern Asia.
0082001|Bulfinch, Charles (1763-1844), is generally considered New England's greatest architect.
0082002|Bulfinch, Thomas (1796-1867), was an American writer who became famous for his popular retelling of myths and legends for young people.
0082020|Bulganin, Nikolai Aleksandrovich, (1895-1975), was premier of the Soviet Union from 1955 to 1958, when Nikita S. Khrushchev replaced him.
0082040|Bulgaria is a country on the Balkan Peninsula of southeastern Europe.
0082070|Bulimia is a disorder in which individuals experience frequent and uncontrollable periods of overeating called binges.
0082120|Bull, in the Roman Catholic Church is a decree or mandate issued by the pope on important or solemn occasions.
0082220|Bull terrier is a medium-sized dog that originally was bred in England from the bulldog and the old white English terrier.
0082280|Bulldog is a medium-sized dog with a thick, heavy, low-slung body.
0082300|Bulldozer is an earth-moving machine.
0082320|Bullet is a pointed cylinder of lead or other metal which is fired from a pistol, a revolver, a rifle, or a machine gun.
0082340|Bullfighting is a contest between a bull and a man called a matador.
0082360|Bullfinch is a small European and Asiatic bird that can be taught to sing melodies.
0082380|Bullfrog is the largest frog of the United States.
0082400|Bullhead is the name given to six species of North American freshwater catfishes.
0082430|Bullmastiff is a dog bred by crossing the bulldog and the mastiff.
0082460|Bulrush is the name given to several plants of the sedge family.
0082500|Bulwer-Lytton, Edward George Earle Lytton (1803-1873), was an English author.
0082520|Bumble bee is a large, burly, black and yellow bee that may be seen flying from blossom to blossom during the summer.
0082560|Bunchberry, also called dwarf cornel, is a small plant in the dogwood family.
0082580|Bunche, Ralph Johnson (1904-1971), was an American statesman.
0082660|Bunin, Ivan, (1870-1953), was the first Russian to receive the Nobel Prize for literature.
0082680|Bunion is a hard swelling on the foot at the place where the great toe connects with the rest of the foot.
0082700|Bunker Hill, Battle of, was the bloodiest battle of the Revolutionary War in America (1775-1783).
0082720|Bunsen, Robert Wilhelm (1811-1899), was a German chemist.
0082740|Bunsen burner is a gas burner used for heating substances in scientific laboratories.
0082750|Bunshaft, Gordon (1909-1990), an American architect, greatly influenced the style of corporate architecture in the mid-1900's.
0082760|Bunting is a name that is loosely used for various seed-eating birds.
0082790|Bunuel, Luis (1900-1983), was a Spanish-born film director and writer.
0082800|Bunyan, John (1628-1688), an English preacher, wrote The Pilgrim's Progress (1678, 1684).
0082820|Bunyan, Paul, is a giant lumberjack in American folklore.
0082860|Buoy is a floating object which is anchored in the water to guide ships.
0082960|Burbank, Calif. (pop. 93,643), is a residential, commercial, and industrial city in the northern Los Angeles metropolitan area.
0082980|Burbank, Luther (1849-1926), was an American plant breeder, nurseryman, and horticulturist.
0083000|Burchfield, Charles Ephraim (1893-1967), was an American water-color painter of landscapes and rural life.
0083040|Burdock is the name of several species of coarse, hairy weeds.
0083100|Bureaucracy is a system that carries out the functions of a government or a private organization.
0083130|Burger, Warren Earl (1907-1995), served as chief justice of the United States from 1969 to 1986.
0083150|Burgess, Anthony (1917-1993), was an English novelist and critic.
0083160|Burgess, Thornton Waldo (1874-1965), was an American author of children's books about animals and wildlife.
0083190|Burghley, Lord (1520-1598), also spelled Burleigh, was an English statesman.
0083200|Burglar alarm is an electronic device that helps protect offices, automobiles, and homes and other buildings from intruders.
0083220|Burglary is a crime that is defined differently by the laws of various states in the United States.
0083280|Burgoyne, John (1722-1792), was a British general of the Revolutionary War in America (1775-1783).
0083320|Burgundy is a historic region in east-central France.
0083400|Burke, Edmund (1729-1797), a British statesman, influenced the history of Britain and many other countries.
0083420|Burke, John (1859-1937), served from 1913 to 1921 as treasurer of the United States under President Woodrow Wilson.
0083480|Burke's Peerage is a book which contains the names of all the peers and baronets of the United Kingdom and of some Irish peers.
0083490|Burkina Faso is a country in western Africa.
0083520|Burlap is a coarse, heavy cloth woven with yarns made from fibers of the jute plant.
0083540|Burleigh, Harry Thacker (1866-1949), was a black American composer and singer.
0083560|Burlesque was a popular form of variety entertainment in the United States during the early 1900's.
0083620|Burlington (pop. 39,120; met. area pop. 151,506), is the largest city in Vermont and the home of the University of Vermont.
0083640|Burma is a country in Southeast Asia.
0083660|Burma Road was built between 1937 and 1938 to carry war supplies to China for its war against Japan.
0083690|Burn ranks among the most serious and painful injuries.
0083700|Burnell, Jocelyn Bell (1943- ), is a British astronomer who was the first person to detect a pulsar.
0083720|Burnet, Sir Macfarlane, (1899-1985), an Australian physician and virologist, shared the 1960 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine with British biologist Peter Brian Medawar.
0083740|Burnett, Frances Hodgson (1849-1924), was an English-born author best known for her children's novel Little Lord Fauntleroy (1886).
0083770|Burney, Fanny (1752-1840), was an English author.
0083780|Burnham, Daniel Hudson (1846-1912), was one of the chief members of the Chicago School of architecture.
0083845|Burns, Arthur Frank (1904-1987), an economist and educator, was chairman of the Board of Governors of the United States Federal Reserve System from 1970 to 1978.
0083880|Burns, Robert (1759-1796), is the national poet of Scotland.
0083940|Burnside, Ambrose Everett (1824-1881), was a Union general in the Civil War (1861-1865).
0083960|Burpee, Lawrence Johnston (1873-1946), a Canadian historian, was largely responsible for establishing the Canadian Historical Association in 1922.
0084000|Burr, Aaron (1756-1836), was Vice President of the United States from 1801 to 1805, under President Thomas Jefferson.
0084080|Burroughs, Edgar Rice (1875-1950), an American author, created Tarzan, one of the most famous characters in fiction.
0084100|Burroughs, John (1837-1921), an American naturalist, became widely recognized as a writer on outdoor life.
0084120|Burroughs, William (1855-1898), an American businessman and inventor, developed the printing-adding machine.
0084160|Bursitis is a disorder that causes pain in the body's joints.
0084200|Burton, Sir Richard Francis (1821-1890), was a British explorer and language expert who became famous for his travels in Africa and his translations of Arab literature.
0084260|Burundi is one of the smallest and most crowded countries in Africa.
0084280|Burying beetle, also called sexton beetle, is a type of insect that buries small dead animals and birds.
0084300|Bus is a vehicle that carries passengers along streets and highways.
0084340|Bush is any woody plant that is smaller than a tree and does not climb.
0084360|Bush, George Herbert Walker (1924- ), was elected President of the United States in 1988.
0084380|Bush, Vannevar (1890-1974), was a famous United States electrical engineer and scientific research administrator.
0084440|Bushel is the common measure of bulky articles of commerce, such as grain, in the United States.
0084520|Bushmaster is a large, poisonous snake of Central America, tropical parts of South America, and Trinidad.
0084580|Business includes the activities of all commercial producers of goods and services.
0084620|Business and Professional Women's Clubs, National Federation of, promotes equal opportunity for women in all aspects of society.
0084650|Business Council is a private organization of business executives.
0084660|Business cycle is the pattern of the business activity of a nation's economy.
0084760|Bustard is the name of 22 species of game birds that live on the dry, open plains of Europe, Asia, Australia, and, especially, Africa.
0084800|Butane and propane are colorless, flammable gases.
0084900|Butler, Benjamin Franklin (1818-1893), was an American politician and a Union general during the Civil War (1861-1865).
0084940|Butler, Nicholas Murray (1862-1947), served as president of Columbia University from 1902 to 1945 and founded Teachers College, Columbia University.
0084960|Butler, Pierce (1744-1822), a planter and statesman, was a South Carolina signer of the Constitution of the United States.
0084980|Butler, Samuel (1613-1680), was an English poet and satirist.
0085000|Butler, Samuel (1835-1902), an English author, is best known for the satirical novel Erewhon (1872).
0085010|Butler, William Orlando (1791-1880), was the Democratic candidate for Vice President of the United States in 1848.
0085040|Butte is a steep-sided hill or small mountain that stands alone, rising sharply above the surrounding countryside.
0085060|Butte, Mont. (pop. 33,941), is called The City That Is a Mile High and a Mile Deep.
0085080|Butter is a tasty spread for bread.
0085120|Buttercup, also called crowfoot, is a bright yellow wild flower found in most parts of the Temperate zones.
0085140|Butterfish is a type of small, silvery-blue ocean fish shaped like a long serving plate with fins.
0085160|Butterfly is one of the most beautiful of all insects.
0085170|Butterflyfish is a colorful fish that lives around coral reefs in tropical, subtropical, and temperate seas.
0085220|Buttermilk is the milky liquid remaining after cream has been churned to make butter.
0085240|Butternut, or white walnut, is a medium-sized spreading tree that belongs to the walnut family.
0085260|Butterwort is one of a group of plants that trap insects.
0085280|Button is a disk or other object used to hold a garment closed.
0085400|Buxtehude, Dietrich, (1637?-1707), was a composer and organist.
0085460|Buzzard is a name given to many birds of prey.
0085530|Byars, Betsy (1928- ), is an American author of children's books.
0085625|Bylaws are the rules that make up the single governing document adopted by an organization.
0085660|Byng, Julian Hedworth George (1862-1935), was governor general of Canada from 1921 to 1926.
0085740|Byrd, Richard Evelyn (1888-1957), an American rear admiral, was an Antarctic and Arctic explorer, aviator, and navigator.
0085750|Byrd, Robert Carlyle (1917- ), a Democrat from West Virginia, has been a member of the United States Senate since 1959.
0085760|Byrd, William (1543-1623), was an English composer known for his religious music.
0085770|Byrd, William, II (1674-1744), was a wealthy plantation owner and one of colonial Virginia's most prominent government officials.
0085780|Byrne, Jane Margaret (1933- ), was the first woman mayor of Chicago.
0085800|Byrnes, James Francis (1879-1972), is best remembered as secretary of state under President Harry S. Truman from 1945 to 1947.
0085820|Byron, Lord (1788-1824), was the most colorful of the English romantic poets.
0085860|Byzantine art is the Eastern Christian art that flourished during the time of the Byzantine Empire, from the 300's to the 1400's.
0085880|Byzantine Empire was a continuation of the Roman Empire.
0085920|C is the third letter of our alphabet.
0086000|Cabal is a close-knit group of people who work privately or secretly to carry out their own plans.
0086040|Cabbage is a common vegetable native to England and northwestern France, but grown throughout Europe, Asia, and America.
0086060|Cabbage palm is a type of palm tree that grows in Cuba, the Bahamas, and the Southeastern United States.
0086080|Cabell, James Branch (1879-1958), was an American author.
0086100|Cabeza de Vaca, Alvar Nunez, (1490?-1557?), was a Spanish explorer in the Americas.
0086120|Cabinda is a district of Angola and a major oil-producing area.
0086140|Cabinet is a group of advisers who help the head of a government establish policies and make decisions.
0086200|Cable, in electricity and communications, is an insulated bundle of wires or threadlike fibers that carry electric current or pulses of light.
0086220|Cable, George Washington (1844-1925), was an American writer known for his books about Creoles, who were Louisiana natives descended from French and Spanish settlers.
0086240|Cable car is a passenger vehicle that is pulled by a constantly moving wire cable.
0086300|Cabot is the family name of two navigators, father and son, who made important explorations in the Western Hemisphere.
0086320|Cabral, Pedro Alvares, (1467?-1528?), was a Portuguese navigator who sailed to Brazil in 1500 and claimed it for Portugal.
0086360|Cabrillo, Juan Rodriguez, (?-1543), led the first European expedition to explore the coast of what is now California.
0086380|Cabrillo National Monument, in California, honors the Portuguese-born explorer Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo, who served Spain.
0086400|Cabrini, Saint Frances Xavier, (1850-1917), was the first United States citizen to be made a saint by the Roman Catholic Church.
0086440|Cacao is an evergreen tree whose seeds, or beans, are used to make chocolate and cocoa.
0086540|Cactus is any of a family of plants that are native to North and South America and usually have clusters of spines.
0086560|Caddo Indians, formed a group of allied tribes that once lived in Louisiana, Arkansas, and Texas.
0086580|Cadence is rhythm of sound or motion.
0086600|Cadet is a student in officer's training at the United States Military and Air Force academies.
0086630|Cadillac, Antoine de Lamothe, (1658-1730), was a French colonizer, administrator, and fur trader who founded Detroit.
0086640|Cadiz, (pop. 153,550), is a major port city in southern Spain.
0086680|Cadmium is a soft, silvery-white metallic element used for alloys and plating.
0086700|Cadmus, in Greek mythology, was the son of Agenor, the king of Tyre, a city in Phoenicia.
0086800|Caedmon was an English poet who lived in England in the late 600's.
0086840|Caesar was a title which came from the family name of Julius Caesar, who ruled Rome as a monarch without a crown from 49 to 44 B.C.
0086860|Caesar, Julius (100?-44 B.C.), was one of ancient Rome's greatest generals and statesmen.
0086900|Caffeine is an odorless, slightly bitter solid.
0086910|Cage, John (1912-1992), was perhaps the most radical and controversial modern American composer.
0086950|Cagney, James (1899-1986), an American motion-picture actor, became famous for his roles as a cocky tough guy.
0086980|Cain was the eldest son of Adam and Eve in the Old Testament, or Hebrew Bible.
0086990|Cain, James M. (1892-1977), was an American author known for his tough, realistic crime fiction.
0087020|Cairn terrier is a breed of dog that originated in the highlands and island regions of Scotland.
0087060|Cairo, (pop. 6,800,000), is the capital of Egypt.
0087120|Caisson, in building, is a watertight chamber that is used in the construction of building foundations, bridges, tunnels, and other structures.
0087160|Cajuns are a group of people in southern Louisiana and Texas who are descendants of French settlers called Acadians.
0087180|Calabash is a gourd that grows on a long tropical vine.
0087200|Caladium is a group of foliage plants that grow in tropical America.
0087220|Calais, (pop. 76,527), a seaport in northern France, is closer to England than any other city in mainland Europe.
0087280|Calamity Jane (1852-1903) was the nickname of Martha Canary, a notorious American frontierswoman.
0087340|Calcimine, also spelled Kalsomine, was the forerunner of modern latex paints.
0087360|Calcination is the process of heating a substance to a high temperature but below its melting point.
0087380|Calcite is a mineral that occurs in small amounts in most types of rocks and makes up the largest part of limestone and marble.
0087400|Calcium is a soft, silvery-white metallic element found most widely in such rocks as limestone and marble.
0087420|Calcium blocker is any of a group of drugs used to treat various disorders of the heart and blood vessels.
0087440|Calcium carbide is a hard, brittle, crystalline compound made of calcium and carbon.
0087460|Calcium carbonate is a white, crystalline mineral.
0087500|Calculator is a device that adds, subtracts, multiplies, and divides with accuracy and speed.
0087520|Calculus is the branch of mathematics that deals with changing quantities.
0087540|Calcutta (pop. 4,399,819; met. area 10,916,272) is the third largest city of India.
0087560|Caldecott, Randolph (1846-1886), was an English illustrator of children's books.
0087580|Caldecott Medal is an annual award for the most distinguished picture book for children published during the previous year.
0087600|Calder, Alexander (1898-1976), was one of the first American sculptors of international significance, and one of the best-known American artists of the 1900's.
0087620|Calderon de la Barca, Pedro, (1600-1681), was a Spanish playwright, and the last great writer of Spain's Golden Age.
0087630|Calderone, Mary Steichen (1904- ), an American physician, won fame for her efforts to promote sex education in schools.
0087640|Caldwell, Erskine, (1903-1987), was an American author best known for the sensationalism of his novels about rural Southern life.
0087650|Caldwell, Sarah (1928- ), is an American opera director and conductor.
0087700|Caledonia is the ancient Roman name for northern Scotland.
0087720|Calendar is a system of measuring and recording the passage of time.
0087800|Calendula is a group of herbs of the composite family.
0087840|Calgary is the oil center of Canada and the largest city in the province of Alberta.
0087860|Calgary, University of, is a coeducational university in Calgary, Canada.
0087880|Calhoun, John Caldwell (1782-1850), of South Carolina, was a major American political figure before the Civil War.
0087940|Calico is a cotton fabric of plain weave.
0087950|Califano, Joseph Anthony, Jr. (1931- ), served as United States secretary of health, education, and welfare (HEW) from 1977 to 1979 under President Jimmy Carter.
0087960|California has more people than any other state of the United States.
0088020|California, University of, is a state-supported coeducational institution with nine campuses.
0088120|California Institute of Technology is a private coeducational university in Pasadena, California.
0088185|California State University is the largest state-supported system of four-year and graduate-level higher education in the United States.
0088240|Californium is an artificially produced radioactive element.
0088260|Caligula, (A.D. 12-41), was a Roman emperor.
0088280|Caliper is an instrument much like a geometry compass.
0088320|Calisthenics are exercises that help strengthen and stretch body muscles.
0088400|Calla is a flowerlike herb with a white, yellow, or pink leaf shaped like a funnel or bell.
0088410|Callaghan, James (1912- ), served as prime minister of Great Britain from 1976 to 1979.
0088420|Callaghan, Morley (1903-1990), was a Canadian novelist.
0088440|Callao, (pop. 560,000), is one of the largest cities of Peru and the country's chief port.
0088460|Callas, Maria (1923-1977), became one of the world's best-known opera sopranos.
0088520|Calligraphy is the art of beautiful writing.
0088560|Calliope is a musical instrument that consists of a set of tuned whistles controlled by either a keyboard or a mechanical playing system like that of a player piano.
0088600|Callot, Jacques, (1592-1635), was a major French printmaker.
0088640|Callus is a hardening and thickening of the skin.
0088660|Calms, Regions of, are places in the atmosphere which usually have little or no wind.
0088700|Calorie is a unit that is used to measure heat energy in the metric system of measurement.
0088820|Calvary, called Golgotha in Hebrew, is the spot outside ancient Jerusalem where Christ was crucified.
0088865|Calvert, Cecilius (1605?-1675), also called Cecil Calvert, was an Englishman who founded the colony of Maryland.
0088870|Calvert, Charles (1637-1715), the third Lord Baltimore, was an Englishman who became proprietor of the colony of Maryland.
0088875|Calvert, George (1580?-1632), the first Lord Baltimore, was an Englishman who played an important part in establishing the colony of Maryland.
0088900|Calvin, John (1509-1564), was one of the chief leaders of the Protestant Reformation.
0089000|Calypso is a type of music that originated on the island of Trinidad, in the Caribbean Sea.
0089140|Cambodia is a country in Southeast Asia.
0089240|Cambridge, (pop. 98,700), is a city in England and the home of Cambridge University.
0089280|Cambridge, Massachusetts (pop. 95,802), stands on the Charles River, opposite Boston.
0089320|Cambridge University is a world-famous British university.
0089330|Camcorder is a portable video camera with a built-in videotape recorder.
0089340|Camden, N.J. (pop. 87,492), is a manufacturing center that covers about 10 square miles (26 square kilometers) on the Delaware River opposite Philadelphia (see New Jersey political map).
0089380|Camel is a large, strong desert animal.
0089440|Camellia is a group of about 80 evergreen trees or shrubs native to eastern Asia.
0089480|Camelot was the most famous castle in the medieval legends about King Arthur of Britain.
0089500|Camel's-hair cloth is a soft, medium-weight woolen cloth made from the fur of the Bactrian camel.
0089520|Cameo is an engraved gem.
0089540|Camera is an instrument used for taking photographs or making motion pictures.
0089560|Camera lucida is a sketching device that consists of a four-sided prism and a magnifying glass, both attached to a frame.
0089580|Camera obscura is a box used for sketching large objects or scenes.
0089590|Cameron, Julia Margaret (1815-1879), a British photographer, pioneered in the field of artistic photography.
0089600|Cameroon is a country on the west coast of Africa.
0089640|Camomile is a group of small plants that are sometimes used in folk medicine.
0089680|Camouflage is the art of disguising or hiding military equipment and troops from an enemy.
0089730|Camp David is the official retreat of the President of the United States.
0089750|Camp Fire Boys and Girls is an organization for boys and girls in the United States.
0089760|Camp H. M. Smith, Hawaii, serves as headquarters of the United States Pacific Command.
0089780|Camp Lejeune, N.C., serves as home base and training center for a combat division and a force service support group of the United States Fleet Marine Forces, Atlantic.
0089800|Camp meeting was an outdoor religious gathering held in the United States, chiefly in the 1800's.
0089820|Camp Pendleton, Calif., houses a combat division and other units of the United States Marine Corps.
0089920|Campanile is a bell tower.
0089940|Campanula, or little bell, is a group of slender plants that grow wild in Europe, Asia, and North America.
0089950|Campbell, Ben Nighthorse (1933- ), a Northern Cheyenne Indian chief, was elected to the United States Senate from Colorado in 1992.
0089980|Campbell, Donald (1921-1967), became the first speedboat racer to exceed 200 mph (320 kph) and live to tell about it.
0090015|Campbell, Joseph (1904-1987), was a famous American authority on mythology.
0090017|Campbell, Kim (1947- ), served as prime minister of Canada in 1993, the first woman ever to hold that office.
0090020|Campbell, Mrs. Patrick (1865-1940), was a British stage actress.
0090060|Campbell, William Wallace (1862-1938), an American astronomer, was director of the Lick Observatory in California from 1901 to 1923.
0090080|Campbell-Bannerman, Sir Henry (1836-1908), served as prime minister of Britain from 1905 to 1908.
0090100|Campeche is a Mexican state in the Yucatan Peninsula with an area of 20,012 square miles (51,833 square kilometers).
0090120|Camphor is a substance that comes from the camphor tree.
0090150|Campin, Robert (1375?-1444), was an important painter of altarpieces and portraits in northern Europe.
0090160|Camping is a popular form of outdoor recreation.
0090320|Camus, Albert, (1913-1960), was a French journalist, essayist, philosopher, novelist, and playwright who was associated with the existentialist movement (see EXISTENTIALISM ).
0090360|Canaanites, were a people mentioned in the Hebrew Bible, or Old Testament.
0090380|Canada is the second largest country in the world.
0090390|Canada, Armed Forces of, are responsible for defending Canada and its interests throughout the world.
0090400|Canada, Government of. Canada combines a federal form of government with a cabinet system.
0090420|Canada, History of. Canada's history is an exciting story that traces the development of a vast wilderness into a great nation.
0090460|Canada Day, one of Canada's most important national holidays, is celebrated on July 1 of each year.
0090500|Canada goose is the common wild goose of North America.
0090540|Canada thistle is one of the most troublesome of weeds.
0090580|Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) is the national public broadcasting service in Canada.
0090600|Canadian Education Association is a national association of education authorities in Canada.
0090620|Canadian Library Association (CLA) is a national organization that provides leadership in library and information services in Canada.
0090640|Canadian literature reflects the varied background of Canada's people and the diverse geography and regions of the country.
0090780|Canadian Shield is a huge, rocky region that curves around Hudson Bay like a giant horseshoe.
0090800|Canal is a waterway dug across land.
0090860|Canary is one of the most popular bird pets.
0090880|Canary Islands make up two provinces of Spain.
0090920|Canasta is the name of a high-scoring card game that originated in Uruguay.
0090940|Canberra, (pop. 278,894), is the capital of Australia and the nation's leading example of large-scale city planning.
0090980|Cancellation is a method of shortening mathematical problems by striking out terms or factors.
0091000|Cancer is a disease in which cells multiply without control, destroy healthy tissue, and endanger life.
0091020|Cancer is the fourth sign of the zodiac.
0091060|Cancer Society, American, is a voluntary health organization dedicated to the control and elimination of cancer.
0091070|Candela is the unit of measurement of luminous intensity, the amount of light produced in a certain direction by a glowing object.
0091100|Candle is an object made of wax or a similar material that is burned to give light.
0091180|Candlemas Day is a Christian festival observed on February 2.
0091240|Candy is a popular sweet-tasting food.
0091260|Candytuft is the name of about 30 species of plants native to southern Europe, northern Africa, and western Asia.
0091310|Cane toad is one of the largest toads.
0091385|Canine parvovirus, also called parvovirus, is a contagious disease that affects dogs.
0091440|Canisius, Saint Peter (1521-1597), was the founder of the first German house of Jesuits, and the foremost promoter of the reform of the Roman Catholic Church in south German lands.
0091480|Canker is a small, painful sore in the mouth.
0091500|Cankerworm is the larva (caterpillar) of a moth.
0091520|Canna is a tall ornamental plant with brilliantly colored flowers.
0091610|Cannes, (pop. 72,259), is a luxurious resort city on the French Riviera in southeastern France.
0091620|Cannibal is a person who eats human flesh.
0091680|Cannizzaro, Stanislao, (1826-1910), was an Italian chemist who helped define important chemical principles.
0091700|Cannon is a weapon of more than 1 inch (2.5 centimeters) in caliber that has a barrel, breech, and firing mechanism.
0091720|Cannon, Annie Jump (1863-1941), was considered the leading American female astronomer of her generation.
0091780|Cannon-ball tree is a South American tree that bears large, round fruits that resemble cannonballs.
0091840|Canoeing is a popular sport in the United States, Canada, and many other countries.
0091845|Canola oil is a vegetable oil made from the seeds of the canola plant.
0091900|Canon is a musical composition in which two or more voices or instruments repeat a melody.
0091940|Canonization is a proclamation in the Roman Catholic Church by which a person famous for holiness is understood to be in heaven.
0091980|Canova, Antonio (1757-1822), was one of the most famous and influential European sculptors of the Napoleonic period.
0092100|Cantata is a form of dramatic vocal music.
0092140|Canterbury is the ancient religious center of Britain.
0092160|Canterbury bell is a type of flowering plant with blue, pink, or white bell-shaped flowers.
0092180|Canterbury Tales is a group of stories by the English poet Geoffrey Chaucer.
0092220|Cantilever is a structure that is supported at one end by a downward force.
0092300|Canton (pop. 84,161; met. area pop. 394,106) is an industrial and trading center in northeastern Ohio.
0092360|Canute, (994?-1035), also spelled Cnut, became king of England in 1016.
0092380|Canvas is a strong, coarse cloth.
0092400|Canvasback is a large duck that lives in North America.
0092420|Canyon, also spelled canon, is a deep valley with steep sides.
0092440|Canyon de Chelly National Monument, is in northeastern Arizona.
0092450|Canyonlands National Park lies in southeast Utah.
0092480|Cap-Haitien, (pop. 64,406), is the second largest city of Haiti.
0092520|Capacitance is the property of a capacitor that determines the amount of electric charge it can store.
0092540|Capacitor is a device that stores electric energy in the form of an electric charge.
0092580|Cape is a body of land that extends prominently into a lake, sea, or ocean.
0092660|Cape Breton Island is a large island off the Atlantic coast of Canada.
0092700|Cape Canaveral is a point of land that juts into the Atlantic Ocean from the east coast of Florida.
0092720|Cape Cod is a hook-shaped peninsula on the coast of Massachusetts.
0092740|Cape Cod Canal is one of the world's widest artificial waterways.
0092880|Cape Hatteras is a scenic promontory at the southeastern tip of Hatteras Island, which is part of the Outer Banks.
0092900|Cape Horn is the most southerly part of South America.
0093000|Cape of Good Hope is a peninsula in South Africa that lies about 100 miles (160 kilometers) northwest of Cape Agulhas, the southern tip of Africa.
0093020|Cape Province is a historic region in South Africa.
0093080|Cape Town (pop. 854,616; met. area pop. 1,869,144) is the legislative capital of South Africa.
0093100|Cape Verde is an African country that consists of 10 main islands and 5 tiny islands.
0093140|Cape York is a mountainous, ice-covered point of land that extends into Baffin Bay.
0093200|Capek, Karel, (1890-1938), a Czech author, became famous for introducing the word robot into the modern vocabulary.
0093220|Capella is the brightest star in the constellation Auriga and the sixth brightest in the heavens, excluding the sun.
0093240|Caper is a pickled flower bud used as a seasoning in salads and in sauces, including tartar sauce.
0093280|Capetian dynasty is the name given to a long line of kings that ruled France from 987 to 1328.
0093300|Capillarity is the tendency of liquids to move into or out of tiny, hairlike passageways.
0093320|Capillary is the smallest blood vessel in the body.
0093380|Capital is a term used differently in economics and business to refer to certain kinds of assets.
0093390|Capital gains tax is a tax on gains from the sale of certain property.
0093400|Capital punishment is punishment by death for committing a crime.
0093460|Capitalism is an economic model that calls for control of the economy by individual households and privately owned businesses.
0093480|Capitalization means the use of capital (large) letters in writing.
0093600|Capitol is the government building where a legislature makes laws.
0093610|Capitol, United States, is the building where Congress meets.
0093640|Capitol Reef National Park lies near Torrey, Utah.
0093700|Capone, Al (1899-1947), was one of the most famous and powerful gangsters in United States history.
0093740|Capote, Truman (1924-1984), was an American author known for his distinctive, polished style.
0093760|Capp, Al (1909-1979), was an American cartoonist who created the comic strip "Li'l Abner.
0093810|Capra, Frank (1897-1991), was an American motion-picture director.
0093820|Capri, (pop. 12,400), is an Italian island in the Tyrrhenian Sea, at the entrance of the Gulf of Naples.
0093830|Capricorn is the 10th sign of the zodiac.
0093880|Caps and gowns are the official and traditional costumes for students in many nations.
0093950|Captain Jack (1837-1873) was a leader of the Modoc Indians.
0094000|Capuchin, also called sapajou, is the name of four species of monkeys that are found in Central and South America.
0094010|Capuchins are members of the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin, a Roman Catholic religious order.
0094025|Capulin Volcano National Monument, is in northeastern New Mexico.
0094040|Capybara is the largest of all rodents.
0094080|Carabao is a water buffalo of the Philippine Islands.
0094100|Caracal is a member of the cat family related to the lynxes.
0094140|Caracara is the name given to several large birds of South and Central America and the Southern United States.
0094160|Caracas, (pop. 1,824,892; met. area pop. 2,784,042), is the capital, largest city, and economic center of Venezuela.
0094210|Caramanlis, Constantine (1907- ), also spelled Karamanlis, is a Greek political leader.
0094240|Carat is a measure used by jewelers in weighing precious stones.
0094260|Caravaggio, Michelangelo Merisi da, (1573-1610), was an Italian painter known for the powerful realism of his religious pictures.
0094280|Caravan is a long train of people and pack animals that travel together for safety through difficult or dangerous country.
0094300|Caravel was a type of ship used for trading on the Mediterranean Sea from the 1300's through the 1600's.
0094320|Caraway is an herb with spicy seeds.
0094330|Caraway, Hattie Ophelia Wyatt, (1878-1950), was the first woman elected to the United States Senate.
0094380|Carbide is a chemical compound made up of carbon and a metal.
0094400|Carbine is a short, light-weight version of the United States Army's M16 rifle.
0094420|Carbohydrate is one of the three main classes of nutrients that provide energy to the body.
0094480|Carbon is one of the most important chemical elements.
0094560|Carbon dioxide is a colorless, odorless gas.
0094580|Carbon disulfide, also called carbon bisulfide, is a colorless, poisonous, and highly flammable liquid.
0094620|Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, and extremely poisonous gas.
0094640|Carbon tetrachloride is a clear, colorless liquid that does not burn.
0094680|Carbonate is any compound that contains the carbonate ion.
0094780|Carborundum, (chemical formula, SiC), is a trade name for silicon carbide, an abrasive.
0094800|Carbuncle is a painful infection of the skin and tissues just under the skin.
0094840|Carburetor is part of a gasoline engine.
0094860|Carcassonne, (pop. 44,991), is a city in southern France that includes one of the finest examples in Europe of a medieval walled town.
0094920|Card game is a game of chance or skill played with oblong pieces of thin cardboard.
0094940|Cardamom is the fruit of several plants in the ginger family.
0094960|Cardboard is a popular name for any stiff paper or paperboard that is more than 0.006 inch (0.1524 millimeter) thick.
0095000|Cardenas, Lazaro, (1895-1970), served as president of Mexico from 1934 to 1940.
0095080|Cardiff, (pop. 272,600), is the capital and largest city of Wales, a division of the United Kingdom.
0095090|Cardigan Welsh corgi is a small, strong breed of dog that was first raised in Cardiganshire, Wales.
0095100|Cardinal is one of a group of Roman Catholic clergymen who serve as counselors to the pope and rank next to him within the church.
0095120|Cardinal is a bird common throughout the eastern half of North America.
0095140|Cardinal flower is a tall plant that grows in wet or moist soil along springs and in meadows, marshes, and roadside areas.
0095223|Cardiology is a branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the heart.
0095225|Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency first-aid procedure that is used to maintain respiration and blood circulation in a person whose breathing and heartbeat have stopped.
0095240|Cardozo, Benjamin Nathan (1870-1938), served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1932 until his death.
0095300|Carducci, Giosue, (1835-1907), an Italian poet, scholar, and literary critic, won the 1906 Nobel Prize for literature.
0095320|CARE is a private, nonprofit agency founded in 1945 by 22 leading cooperative, labor, relief, and religious organizations.
0095330|Career education is instruction intended to help young people identify, choose, and prepare for a career.
0095340|Careers. Many people use the term career to mean the job, occupation, or vocation a person has.
0095400|Carib Indians, were a warlike group of South American tribes who lived mainly in the Amazon River Valley and the Guiana lowlands.
0095440|Caribbean Sea is a part of the Atlantic Ocean between the West Indies and Central and South America.
0095480|Caribou is the French-Canadian name for a large deer of North America that is closely related to the reindeer.
0095500|Caricature, in art, is a picture that exaggerates or distorts the physical features or peculiarities of a person or object.
0095540|Carillon is a set of 23 or more stationary bells arranged to play music.
0095550|Carl XVI Gustaf, (1946- ), became king of Sweden in 1973.
0095561|Carleton, Sir Guy (1724-1808), was a British general and governor in Canada.
0095740|Carlsbad Caverns National Park, in southeastern New Mexico, is famous for its many caverns, or caves.
0095760|Carlyle, Thomas (1795-1881), was a Scottish essayist and historian.
0095780|Carman, Bliss (1861-1929), was a Canadian poet whose verse praises the beauty and power he saw in nature.
0095800|Carmel, Calif. (pop. 4,239), is a seaside community on the Monterey Peninsula, about 130 miles (210 kilometers) south of San Francisco.
0095840|Carmelites are members of several Roman Catholic orders of men and women.
0095880|Carmichael, Hoagy (1899-1981), was an American composer of popular songs.
0095890|Carmichael, Stokely (1941- ), became a spokesman for the doctrine of Black Power.
0095920|Carnation is a tall, colorful flower with many blossoms.
0095940|Carnauba wax is a vegetable wax.
0095950|Carneades, (213?-129? B.C.), was a Greek philosopher.
0095960|Carnegie, Andrew (1835-1919), a Scottish-born American, was a leading steel manufacturer and one of the wealthiest individuals of his time.
0095980|Carnegie, Dale (1888-1955), was a pioneer in public speaking and personality development.
0096000|Carnegie Corporation of New York is a philanthropic foundation for "the advancement and diffusion of knowledge and understanding.
0096040|Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching is an organization that seeks to promote the cause of education and the dignity of the teaching profession.
0096140|Carnelian is a red or reddish-brown quartz which can be cut and polished as a jewel.
0096180|Carnival is a traditional form of outdoor amusement that consists of exhibits, games, rides, and shows.
0096200|Carnivore is any animal that eats chiefly meat.
0096220|Carnivorous plant is any plant that traps insects for food.
0096280|Carnotite is a yellow mineral.
0096300|Carob is a dark evergreen tree that grows in countries along the Mediterranean Sea.
0096341|Carol I (1839-1914) ruled Romania from 1866 until his death.
0096342|Carol II (1893-1953) was king of Romania from 1930 to 1940.
0096440|Caroline Islands (pop. 137,000) are an archipelago of more than 930 islands in the Pacific Ocean.
0096480|Carolingian art was a style of art created in the late 700's and the 800's in France and western Germany.
0096540|Carp is the name of several large, hardy fish native to rivers and other inland waters of Europe and Asia.
0096560|Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common disorder that causes pain and interferes with the use of the hand.
0096580|Carpathian Mountains are part of the great mountain system of central Europe.
0096660|Carpenter, M. Scott (1925- ), one of the first United States astronauts, was the second American to circle the earth in a spacecraft.
0096700|Carpenters and Joiners of America, United Brotherhood of, is one of the unions of the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations.
0096740|Carpentry is the building and repairing of structures.
0096780|Carpet beetle is a common insect pest.
0096820|Carpetbaggers was a term of scorn and hostility used by white Southerners to describe Northerners active in the Republican Party in the South after the Civil War.
0096860|Carr, Emily (1871-1945), was a noted Canadian painter and writer.
0096900|Carranza, Venustiano, (1859-1920), became Mexico's "First Chief" in 1914, after leading a revolt against the government of Victoriano Huerta.
0096940|Carriage is a horse-drawn vehicle used for the transportation of people.
0097000|Carrier pigeon is a bird originally bred from pigeons used to carry messages from one place to another.
0097040|Carroll was the family name of three early American leaders, two brothers and their cousin.
0097100|Carroll, Lewis, was the pen name of Charles Lutwidge Dodgson (1832-1898), an English author.
0097160|Carrot is a plant with an orange root that is eaten as a vegetable.
0097190|Carson, Johnny (1925- ), a popular American entertainer, became famous as host of "The Tonight Show" on television.
0097200|Carson, Kit (1809-1868), was a famous American frontiersman.
0097220|Carson, Rachel (1907-1964), was an American marine biologist and science writer.
0097240|Carson City (pop. 40,443) is the capital of Nevada and a tourist center.
0097340|Cartagena, (pop. 166,736), stands on a beautiful bay of the Mediterranean Sea in southeastern Spain.
0097400|Cartel is an association formed among producers in a particular industry to control the market for their product.
0097405|Carter, Don (1926- ), an American bowler, was voted the greatest bowler of all time in 1970 in a poll of bowling writers.
0097410|Carter, Elliott (1908- ), is one of the leading American composers of the 1900's.
0097420|Carter, Howard (1873-1939), an English archaeologist, specialized in excavating ancient Egyptian tombs.
0097440|Carter, Jimmy (1924- ), was elected President of the United States in 1976, climaxing a remarkable rise to national fame.
0097520|Carthage was one of the greatest cities of ancient times.
0097560|Carthusians are members of a Roman Catholic order of monks, nuns, and lay brothers and sisters.
0097580|Cartier, Sir George Etienne, (1814-1873), was a French-Canadian political leader.
0097600|Cartier, Jacques, (1491?-1557), was a French navigator.
0097610|Cartier-Bresson, Henri, (1908- ), is a French photographer.
0097620|Cartilage, commonly called gristle, is a bluish-white rubbery tissue found in human beings and animals that have backbones.
0097640|Cartography is the making and study of maps.
0097660|Cartoon is a drawing or series of drawings that tells a story or expresses a message.
0097680|Cartouche, in architecture, is an ornament shaped like a scroll with rolled-up ends.
0097700|Cartridge is a metal or paper case that holds a charge of explosive powder and a bullet or a charge of shot.
0097720|Cartwright, Edmund (1743-1823), was an English inventor and clergyman.
0097780|Caruso, Enrico, (1873-1921), an Italian tenor, was one of the greatest opera stars of the 1900's.
0097820|Carver, George Washington (1864?-1943), was a black American scientist who won international fame for his agricultural research.
0097840|Carver, John (1576?-1621), became the first governor of Plymouth Colony immediately after the signing of the Mayflower Compact in 1620.
0097850|Carver, Raymond (1938-1988), was an American author known for his short stories.
0097900|Cary, Joyce (1888-1957), ranks among the leading British novelists of the mid-1900's.
0097910|Cary, Mary Ann Shadd (1823-1893), was an American teacher and journalist known for helping fugitive slaves living in Canada.
0097945|Casa Grande Ruins National Monument, in southern Arizona, includes the ruins of a caliche (concrete) tower that was built by Indians who irrigated and farmed the land in the Gila Valley 600 years ago.
0097960|Casaba is a type of muskmelon sometimes called winter melon.
0097980|Casablanca, (pop. 2,139,204), is the largest city in Morocco and a major port in North Africa.
0098040|Casals, Pablo, (1876-1973), a Spanish cellist, was one of the greatest musicians of his time.
0098060|Casanova, Giacomo, (1725-1798), was an Italian adventurer and author.
0098120|Cascade Range is a chain of mountains that extends between Lassen Peak in northern California and the Fraser River in southern British Columbia.
0098160|Cascara sagrada is an important medicinal plant found in the Northwestern United States.
0098180|Case is a feature of nouns and pronouns that helps show their relation to other parts of speech in a sentence.
0098300|Case method, in law schools, is a system of learning the law through the study of actual cases.
0098340|Casein is the chief protein in milk.
0098400|Cash, Johnny (1932- ) is a popular American singer, guitarist, and composer.
0098420|Cash register is a device that records and displays the amount of a sale.
0098460|Cashew is a bean-shaped nut that grows on a tropical evergreen tree.
0098520|Cashmere is a fiber made from the soft undercoat of Cashmere goats.
0098540|Cashmere goat is a long-haired goat, famous for its fine, silky wool.
0098680|Casper (pop. 46,742; met. area pop. 61,226) is the second largest city in Wyoming.
0098700|Caspian Sea, a great salt lake below sea level, is the largest inland body of water in the world.
0098720|Cass, Lewis (1782-1866), was the Democratic candidate for President in 1848, but he lost the election to Zachary Taylor.
0098760|Cassandra was the daughter of Priam and Hecuba, king and queen of Troy in Greek and Roman mythology.
0098780|Cassatt, Mary (1844-1926), was an American painter who spent much of her career in France.
0098800|Cassava is a type of small shrub with thick roots that are eaten like potatoes or used to make tapioca.
0098820|Cassia is the name of a group of plants found mainly in warm and tropical regions.
0098840|Cassino, (pop. 32,787), is an Italian town about 75 miles (121 kilometers) southeast of Rome.
0098860|Cassiopeia is an easily seen constellation of the Northern Hemisphere.
0098880|Cassiterite is the only important ore mineral of tin.
0098900|Cassius Longinus, Gaius, (?-42 B.C.), was a Roman general and statesman who, with Marcus Junius Brutus, led the conspiracy against Julius Caesar.
0098920|Cassowary is a large, shy bird that lives in the thick forests of Australia, New Guinea, and nearby islands.
0098940|Cast and casting. Casting is a method of shaping an object by pouring a liquid into a mold and letting it harden.
0098960|Cast iron is a hard, brittle form of iron made by casting.
0099000|Castanets are a small percussion instrument of indefinite pitch.
0099020|Caste is a social class to which a person belongs by birth.
0099070|Castiglione, Baldassare, (1478-1529), was a writer of the Italian Renaissance.
0099080|Castile and Aragon, were two separate and powerful kingdoms of Spain.
0099100|Castilla, Ramon, (1797?-1867), one of Peru's great statesmen, was president of Peru from 1845 to 1851 and from 1855 to 1862.
0099120|Castillo de San Marcos National Monument is in St. Augustine, Fla.
0099200|Castle was the home and fortress of a monarch or noble.
0099240|Castle Clinton National Monument is in New York City.
0099250|Castlereagh, Viscount (1769-1822), was a noted British statesman.
0099280|Castor and Pollux were twin heroes in Greek mythology.
0099300|Castor oil is a colorless oil that is used as a laxative.
0099340|Castries, (pop. 52,868), is the capital and largest city of St. Lucia, an island country in the Caribbean Sea.
0099360|Castro, Fidel, (1926- ), has ruled Cuba since 1959, when he overthrew the military dictatorship of Fulgencio Batista.
0099370|Castro, Raul Hector, (1916- ), served as governor of Arizona from 1975 to 1977.
0099400|Caswell, Hollis Leland, (1901-1988), an American educator, became an authority on curriculum planning in schools.
0099440|Cat is a favorite pet of people around the world.
0099520|Catacombs are systems of underground passages or rooms once used as burial places.
0099560|Catalepsy is a condition in which a person temporarily loses the ability to move voluntarily.
0099620|Catalpa, also called Indian bean, is the name of a group of trees native to North America and eastern Asia.
0099640|Catalysis is a process in which a substance increases the speed of a chemical reaction without being consumed by the reaction.
0099650|Catalytic converter is a device that reduces the exhaust pollutants produced by an automobile engine.
0099670|Catamaran is a raftlike boat that has two hulls.
0099680|Catamount is the folk name given to the mountain lion and the lynx.
0099720|Cataplexy is a condition that involves a sudden, temporary loss of muscle tone.
0099740|Catapult was a war machine that shot such objects as spears or stones or hurled large weights against an enemy's defenses.
0099780|Cataract is the clouding of the lens of the eye.
0099800|Catarrh is thick mucus that collects in the throat, or may run from the nose of a person with a long-continued head cold.
0099860|Catbird is a North American songbird related to mockingbirds and thrashers.
0099900|Catechism is a summary of basic Christian doctrine used for religious instruction.
0099920|Catechu is a brown, sticky substance obtained chiefly from the wood of tropical trees called acacias.
0099960|Caterpillar is a wormlike creature that is the second, or larval, stage in the life history of butterflies and moths.
0099980|Catfish is the name of a large group of fish that have two to four pairs of whiskers.
0100000|Catgut is a tough cord made from the intestines of certain animals and used mainly for the strings of musical instruments and for sewing up wounds.
0100040|Catharsis is a term psychiatrists and psychoanalysts use to describe the way in which psychotherapy helps a person release pent-up emotions.
0100060|Cathay is the name Europeans once gave to China, especially the part north of the Yangtze River.
0100080|Cathedral is the church of a bishop of some Christian denominations.
0100140|Cather, Willa (1873-1947), was one of America's finest novelists.
0100180|Catherine de Medicis, (1519-1589), was a powerful woman in France during the reigns of three kings--Francis II, Charles IX, and Henry III.
0100200|Catherine of Aragon, (1485-1536), was the first wife of King Henry VIII of England.
0100220|Catherine of Siena, Saint (1347-1380), was a Christian reformer and mystic.
0100240|Catherine the Great (1729-1796) was born a German princess and ruled as empress of Russia from 1762 until her death.
0100310|Catholic Conference, United States, is an agency that conducts Roman Catholic programs in education, religious communication, and social welfare in the United States.
0100340|Catholic Library Association (CLA) is an organization interested in encouraging good literature and improving libraries in Roman Catholic institutions in the United States and in other countries.
0100420|Catholic Youth Organization (CYO) is the parish youth group of many dioceses of the Roman Catholic Church in the United States.
0100440|Catiline, (?-62 B.C.), was a Roman who led an unsuccessful plot against his country's government in 63 B.C.
0100480|Catkin is a tassellike flower cluster that consists of numerous small flowers arranged around a long central axis.
0100500|Catlin, George (1796-1872), was an American artist known for his paintings and drawings of American Indians.
0100520|Catnip, also called catmint, is a strong-smelling plant of the mint family.
0100541|Cato, Marcus Porcius, the Elder (234-149 B.C.), was a prominent soldier and statesman of ancient Rome.
0100542|Cato, Marcus Porcius, the Younger (95-46 B.C.), was a statesman and soldier of ancient Rome.
0100580|Cat's-eye is a gem that produces a thin streak of white light across the top of the stone when the gem is cut a certain way.
0100600|Catskill Mountains form a semicircular chain of mountains west of the Hudson River in New York.
0100640|Catt, Carrie Chapman (1859-1947), was an American leader in the campaign for woman suffrage.
0100660|Cattail is the name of a group of about 14 wild plants that grow in swamps, marshes, and other wetlands throughout most parts of the world.
0100720|Cattle are among the most important farm animals.
0100800|Cattle tick, also called Texas fever tick, carries Texas fever, a disease of cattle.
0100820|Catton, Bruce (1899-1978), an American historian and journalist, won the Pulitzer Prize in 1954 for A Stillness at Appomattox (1953).
0100840|Catullus, Gaius Valerius, (84? B.C.-54? B.C.), a Roman lyric poet, wrote personal and passionate poetry.
0100890|Caucasus is a region that includes Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and a small portion of southern Russia.
0100900|Caucasus Mountains are a great mountain range in Russia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan.
0100940|Caucus is a meeting of members of a political party to name candidates for office or to take positions on policy.
0100980|Cauliflower is a garden vegetable that is rich in vitamins and minerals.
0100985|Caulking, also spelled calking is a technique of sealing seams and joints to make them watertight.
0101000|Caustic is the common name for certain chemicals that can burn or eat away substances, especially organic material.
0101140|Cavalry was a unit of soldiers that fought on horseback.
0101150|Cavazos, Lauro Fred (1927- ), served as United States secretary of education from 1988 to 1990.
0101160|Cave, also called cavern is a naturally hollow area in the earth that is large enough for a person to enter.
0101180|Cave dwellers are people who live in caves or in the shelter provided by overhanging rocks at the bottom of cliffs.
0101260|Caveat emptor is a Latin term meaning let the buyer beware.
0101265|Cavefish is the name of several kinds of small fish that live in waters in and near caves in the eastern United States.
0101280|Cavell, Edith Louisa (1865-1915), was an English nurse and one of the martyrs of World War I (1914-1918).
0101300|Cavendish, Henry (1731-1810), an English physicist and chemist, discovered many fundamental laws of electricity.
0101320|Caviar is the salted eggs of sturgeons, a group of large fish.
0101380|Cavour, Count di (1810-1861), played a decisive role in the unification of Italy.
0101400|Cavy is the general name for several related South American rodents.
0101460|Caxton, William (1422?-1492), was the first person to print a book in the English language and to print a book in England.
0101520|Cayenne, (pop. 38,000), is the capital and largest city of French Guiana, a French possession in South America.
0101540|Cayenne pepper is a hot-tasting red powder made from fruits or pods of a kind of capsicum plant.
0101560|Cayley, Sir George (1773-1857), is often called the father of modern aeronautics.
0101600|Cayman Islands, a British dependency, lies about 200 miles (320 kilometers) northwest of Jamaica in the Caribbean Sea.
0101640|Cayuga Indians are a tribe of Iroquois Indians who once occupied an area near Cayuga Lake in central New York.
0101690|Ceausescu, Nicolae, (1918-1989), ruled Romania from 1965 to 1989 as head of the country's Communist Party.
0101700|Cebu City, (pop. 627,124), is one of the largest cities in the Philippines.
0101800|Cecilia, Saint, is a saint and martyr of the Roman Catholic Church.
0101860|Cedar is any of a variety of large evergreen trees that grow in many parts of the world.
0101960|Cedar Rapids (pop. 108,751; met. area pop. 168,767) is a manufacturing and distributing city in Iowa, and the center of a large farming area.
0102040|Celandine is an herb in the poppy family.
0102120|Celery is a popular vegetable related to carrots and parsley.
0102140|Celesta is a pianolike musical instrument played by means of a keyboard.
0102200|Celibacy is the state of being unmarried.
0102210|Celine, Louis-Ferdinand (1894-1961), was the pen name of Henri-Louis Destouches, a French novelist.
0102240|Cell is the basic unit of all life.
0102260|Cellini, Benvenuto, (1500-1571), was an Italian goldsmith and sculptor.
0102280|Cello is a stringed musical instrument of the violin family that is played with a bow.
0102300|Cellophane is a thin, flexible, synthetic material.
0102320|Cellular telephone is a movable telephone unit.
0102340|Cellulose is a substance that forms a major part of the cell walls of trees, grasses, vegetables, and many other plants.
0102440|Celsius scale is a scale for measuring temperature.
0102460|Celts are a people--or their descendants--who are native speakers of a Celtic language.
0102520|Cement and concrete are among the most important building materials.
0102620|Cenozoic Era is the most recent era in the geologic time scale of the earth's history.
0102640|Censer is a vessel in which incense is burned on charcoal as a sign of honor and prayer during religious ceremonies.
0102660|Censorship is the control of what people may say or hear, write or read, or see or do.
0102680|Census is a survey conducted by a national government to gather information about the society that it governs.
0102700|Census, Bureau of the, is an agency of the United States Department of Commerce best known for its publication of population and housing statistics.
0102720|Cent is a small United States coin worth one-hundredth of a dollar.
0102740|Centaur was a creature in Greek mythology.
0102955|Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, often referred to as the CDC, is an agency of the Public Health Service and part of the United States Department of Health and Human Services.
0103000|Centime is a minor coin used in some countries that use the franc.
0103020|Centimeter, also spelled centimetre, is a measure of length in the metric system of measurement.
0103060|Centipede is one of a group of animals that look like worms or caterpillars.
0103100|Central African Republic is a thinly populated country in the center of Africa.
0103120|Central America is the narrow bridge of land at the southern end of North America.
0103260|Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), a United States government agency, gathers political, economic, and military information about more than 150 nations and evaluates it for other U.S. government agencies.
0103560|Centrifugal force is often incorrectly defined as the force that pulls an object outward when it moves in a circle.
0103580|Centrifuge is an instrument used to separate two liquids mixed together, or solid particles that are mixed in a liquid.
0103600|Centripetal force is the force that compels a body to move in a circular path.
0103660|Century ordinarily means 100 years.
0103720|Century plant is the name of a group of desert plants that belong to the agave family.
0103770|Cephalosporin is any of a group of widely used antibiotics.
0103860|Ceramics are one of the three most important types of engineering materials that are primarily synthetic.
0103920|Cerberus was a monstrous three-headed dog who guarded the entrance to Hades, the underworld of Greek and Roman mythology.
0103940|Cereal is a food made from such cereal grains as wheat, oats, corn, rice, barley, and buckwheat.
0103980|Cerebral hemorrhage is bleeding that results from a broken blood vessel in the brain.
0104000|Cerebral palsy is a general term for a variety of disorders caused by damage to the brain.
0104020|Cerebrospinal fluid is the liquid in the body that surrounds the entire surface of the brain and the spinal cord.
0104080|Ceres was the goddess of grain, the harvest, and agriculture in Roman mythology.
0104100|Ceres is one of thousands of asteroids (minor planets) that are located mostly between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
0104140|Cerium is a soft, gray metal of the rareearth group of chemical elements.
0104165|CERN is the world's largest research center for the study of subatomic particles.
0104235|Certificate of deposit, also called a CD, is a receipt issued by a bank for money placed in a certain type of savings account.
0104240|Certified Public Accountant, also called CPA, is an accountant in the United States who has passed the Uniform CPA Examination and has obtained a special license to practice as a CPA.
0104280|Certiorari, Writ of, in its original form, is a written command by a higher court to a lower court, public board, or public officer.
0104320|Cervantes, Miguel de, (1547-1616), ranks as the outstanding writer in Spanish literature.
0104360|Cesium is a soft, silvery metallic element.
0104400|Cetacean is a member of the order (group) of mammals made up of whales, dolphins, and porpoises.
0104440|Cezanne, Paul (1839-1906), a French painter, was one of the most significant painters in modern art.
0104540|Chaco Culture National Historical Park, in northwestern New Mexico, has numerous large, prehistoric ruins of the Anasazi Indians.
0104580|Chad is a large, thinly populated country in north-central Africa.
0104640|Chadwick, Sir James (1891-1974), a British physicist, won the 1935 Nobel Prize for physics for his discovery of the neutron, one of the particles making up the nucleus of an atom.
0104700|Chagall, Marc (1887-1985), was a Russian-born artist.
0104720|Chagres River is a chief source of water for the Panama Canal.
0104760|Chain is a flexible length of links or rings joined together.
0104800|Chain, Ernst Boris (1906-1979), a British biochemist, shared the 1945 Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine with Alexander Fleming and Howard Florey for their research on penicillin.
0104820|Chain gang is a group of prisoners chained together for labor.
0104900|Chain store is one of a group of retail stores whose activities are supervised or coordinated by a centralized managerial body.
0104980|Chalcedony is a mineral that consists chiefly of tiny crystals of quartz with extremely small pores.
0105000|Chalcocite is a mineral made up of copper and sulfur.
0105010|Chalcopyrite is the most widespread copper ore and one of the chief sources of copper.
0105040|Chaldea, also spelled Chaldaea, was a region of ancient Babylonia, in what is now southeastern Iraq.
0105120|Chalk is a soft, fine-grained white limestone.
0105180|Chalkboard is a smooth, dark board usually made of slate, glass, or wood.
0105260|Chamber music is a type of classical music written for small groups of musicians.
0105280|Chamber of commerce is an association of business people that promotes the interests of its members and of business in general.
0105300|Chamber of Commerce of the United States is the world's largest federation of businesses, trade and professional associations, and state and local chambers of commerce.
0105343|Chamberlain, Neville (1869-1940), served as prime minister of Britain from 1937 to 1940.
0105400|Chamberlain, Wilt (1936- ), was one of the greatest scorers in National Basketball Association (NBA) history.
0105470|Chambers, Whittaker, (1901-1961), a confessed spy, was the United States government's chief witness in the 1949 perjury trials of Alger Hiss.
0105520|Chameleon is any of about 85 species of lizards.
0105560|Chamois is a shy animal noted for its swiftness and keen sense of smell.
0105600|Chamorro, Violeta Barrios de, (1929- ), became president of Nicaragua in 1990.
0105640|Champagne is a sparkling wine.
0105720|Champlain, Samuel de (1570?-1635), was a French explorer who founded the Canadian city of Quebec.
0105930|Chandler, Raymond (1888-1959), was one of the leading writers of the "hard-boiled" school of detective fiction.
0105940|Chandler, Zachariah, (1813-1879), was an early leader of the Republican Party.
0105950|Chandragupta Maurya, (?-298? B.C.), was the first great emperor of India.
0105960|Chandrasekhar, Subrahmanyan, (1910-1995), an American astrophysicist, shared the 1983 Nobel Prize in physics with William A. Fowler for research on the evolution and death of stars.
0105965|Chanel, Coco (1883-1971), was an influential French designer of women's fashions.
0106080|Channel Islands are a group of islands in the English Channel.
0106100|Channel Islands National Park lies off the coast of Southern California, west and southwest of Los Angeles.
0106120|Channel Tunnel is a railway tunnel beneath the English Channel.
0106250|Chaos is a new field of science that studies the complex and irregular behavior of many systems in nature.
0106260|Chaparral is a region of shrubs and small trees that occurs in areas with mild, moist winters and hot, dry summers.
0106380|Chaplin, Charlie (1889-1977), became one of the most famous stars in motion-picture history.
0106400|Chapman, George (1559?-1634?), was an English poet, playwright, and scholar.
0106580|Charcoal is a black, brittle substance that has a variety of uses.
0106620|Chardin, Jean Baptiste Simeon (1699-1779), is now regarded as one of the great French painters of the 1700's.
0106640|Chardonnet, Hilaire (1839-1924), was a French chemist and physiologist.
0106650|Charest, Jean, (1958- ), was elected leader of Canada's Progressive Conservative Party in a party election held in April 1995.
0106740|Chariot is a two-wheeled or four-wheeled vehicle, usually drawn by a horse.
0106840|Charlemagne, (742-814), or Charles the Great, was the most famous ruler of the Middle Ages and a key figure in European history.
0106855|Charles I (1887-1922) was the last emperor of Austria and king of Hungary.
0106860|Charles I (1600-1649) became king of England, Scotland, and Ireland in 1625.
0106870|Charles II (1630-1685) became king of England, Scotland, and Ireland in 1660.
0106873|Charles II (823-877), or Charles the Bald, ruled the kingdom that later became France.
0106875|Charles III (879-929), also called Charles the Simple, ruled the kingdom that later became France.
0106885|Charles III (1716-1788) reigned as king of Spain from 1759 until his death.
0106890|Charles V (1338-1380), king of France, was known to his people as The Wise.
0106895|Charles V (1500-1558) of the House of Habsburg (or Hapsburg) became Holy Roman emperor in 1519, succeeding his grandfather Maximilian I.
0106915|Charles VII (1403-1461) was a king of France who, with the aid of Joan of Arc, won the Hundred Years' War against England (1337-1453).
0106925|Charles VII (1697-1745) was Holy Roman emperor from 1742 to 1745.
0106930|Charles VIII (1470-1498) was king of France from 1483 until his death.
0106935|Charles IX (1550-1574) of France ruled from 1560 to 1574.
0106937|Charles X (1757-1836) was king of France from 1824 to 1830.
0106942|Charles X (1622-1660) of Sweden became king in 1654 when Queen Christina gave up the throne.
0106943|Charles XI (1655-1697), king of Sweden, succeeded his father, Charles X, in 1660.
0106944|Charles XII (1682-1718) became king of Sweden in 1697.
0106960|Charles, Prince (1948- ), is the heir apparent to the British throne.
0106970|Charles, Ray (1930- ), is an American singer, songwriter, and pianist.
0107040|Charles Martel (688?-741) ruled northern Gaul from 719 to 741.
0107160|Charleston, S.C. (pop. 80,414; met. area pop. 506,875), is an important Atlantic Coast port and the second largest city in the state.
0107180|Charleston, W. Va. (pop. 57,287; met. area pop. 250,454), is the capital and leading industrial, trade, and transportation center of the state.
0107340|Charlotte (pop. 395,934; met. area pop. 1,162,093) is the largest city in North Carolina.
0107380|Charlotte Amalie, (pop. 12,331), capital of the American Virgin Islands, is a harbor city on the Caribbean Sea.
0107400|Charlottesville (pop. 40,341; met. area pop. 131,107) is in the Blue Ridge Mountains foothills in Virginia.
0107420|Charlottetown (pop. 15,396), the capital of Prince Edward Island, is one of Canada's most historic cities.
0107480|Charon was the ragged old boatman of the Underworld in Greek mythology.
0107540|Charter, called articles of incorporation in certain instances, is a written document granted by a government.
0107560|Charter Oak was a huge tree in Hartford, Conn.
0107600|Charterhouse is a leading English public school.
0107620|Chartism was a political movement of the British working class during the early 1800's.
0107630|Chartres, (pop. 41,850), is a city in north-central France that is famous for its cathedral, which is a masterpiece of Gothic architecture.
0107720|Chase, Salmon Portland (1808-1873), was a prominent American statesman and chief justice of the United States.
0107740|Chase, Samuel (1741-1811), was an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.
0107770|Chase, William Merritt (1849-1916), was an American painter and art teacher.
0107820|Chat is the name of three species of birds that live in the Americas.
0107840|Chateau is the French word for a castle or a large country house.
0107880|Chateaubriand, Francois-Rene de, (1768-1848), was one of the most important figures in French romantic literature.
0107890|Chatelet, Marquise du (1706-1749), was a French mathematician, physicist, and science writer.
0107960|Chattanooga, (pop. 152,466; met. area pop. 424,347), is an industrial city in southeastern Tennessee.
0108040|Chaucer, Geoffrey, (1340?-1400), was the greatest English poet of the Middle Ages.
0108100|Chautauqua is a system of summer school and correspondence school education founded at Chautauqua Lake, N.Y., in 1874.
0108140|Chavez, Carlos (1899-1978), a Mexican composer, was one of the most important influences on the musical life of Mexico in the 1900's.
0108150|Chavez, Cesar Estrada (1927-1993), was a labor union organizer and spokesman for the poor--especially his fellow Mexican-American farmworkers.
0108160|Chavez, Dennis (1888-1962), a Democrat, became the second Hispanic American to serve in the United States Senate.
0108170|Chavis, Benjamin Franklin, Jr. (1948- ), was executive director of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) from April 1993 to August 1994.
0108180|Chayote is a climbing vine grown chiefly for its fruit.
0108200|Check is a written order directing a bank to pay money to a person or organization, or to the bearer.
0108240|Checkers is a game played on a checkerboard by two people.
0108280|Checks and balances are limitations on the power of any branch of government, with each branch having some control over the actions of the others.
0108290|Cheerleading is a colorful American sports tradition in which people called cheerleaders direct spectators in organized cheering during athletic events.
0108300|Cheese is a healthful, tasty food made from milk.
0108320|Cheetah is a large cat chiefly found on the grassy plains of eastern and southern Africa.
0108330|Cheever, John (1912-1982), was an American short-story writer and novelist.
0108360|Chekhov, Anton, (1860-1904), was a Russian playwright and short-story writer.
0108370|Chelation therapy is medical treatment that involves the use of drugs to remove toxic metal ions from the body.
0108390|Chemical is any of the many substances that make up the world's materials.
0108420|Chemical, biological, radiological warfare (CBR) is war waged with chemicals, biological agents, or radioactive materials.
0108620|Chemical industry is made up of the many industries that use chemistry in the manufacture of a wide variety of products.
0108640|Chemical reaction is a process in which one substance is chemically converted to another.
0108700|Chemistry is the scientific study of substances.
0108720|Chemnitz, (pop. 316,361), is a manufacturing center on the Chemnitz River in Germany.
0108740|Chemotherapy is the treatment of disease through drugs that have a toxic effect on the cause of the illness.
0108790|Chen Rong, (mid-1200's), was one of the greatest painters of Chinese dragons.
0108810|Cheney, Richard Bruce (1941- ), served as United States secretary of defense under President George Bush from 1989 to 1993.
0108820|Chengdu, (pop. 2,540,000), also spelled Ch'eng-tu and Chengtu, is a major industrial center in southern China.
0108840|Chenille is a fuzzy yarn made of cotton, silk, wool, or rayon.
0108860|Chennault, Claire Lee (1890-1958), led the Flying Tigers, a small group of volunteer American aviators who supported China in its war against Japan before the United States entered World War II in 1941.
0108920|Cherbourg, (pop. 28,773), is an industrial city and seaport on the northern coast of France.
0108960|Cherimoya is a small tree that bears an edible fruit.
0108965|Chernenko, Konstantin Ustinovich (1911-1985), served as general secretary, or head, of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from February 1984 until his death in March 1985.
0108980|Cherokee Indians are the largest Indian tribe in the United States, according to the 1990 U.S. census.
0109020|Cherry is a small round fruit that grows on a tree.
0109060|Cherry laurel is an evergreen shrub closely related to cherry trees.
0109080|Cherry Point Marine Corps Air Station, N.C., is the largest air station of the United States Marine Corps.
0109140|Cherubini, Luigi, (1760-1842), was an Italian-born composer, though it was in Germany that his works were most widely appreciated.
0109180|Chesapeake and Ohio Canal was a waterway planned to connect the Potomac and Ohio rivers.
0109200|Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park lies between Washington, D.C., and Cumberland, Md.
0109220|Chesapeake Bay is a long, narrow arm of the Atlantic Ocean that runs north from the coast of Virginia, and divides Maryland into two parts.
0109260|Chesapeake Bay retriever is a hunting dog.
0109290|Chesnutt, Charles Waddell (1858-1932), is considered to have been the first major African-American writer of fiction.
0109300|Chess is a game of skill in which two players move objects called men on a board divided into squares.
0109320|Chest, also called thorax, is the part of the body between the base of the neck and the abdomen.
0109380|Chesterfield, Earl of (1694-1773), was an English aristocrat, wit, and political figure.
0109420|Chesterton, G. K. (1874-1936), was an English author known for his essays on almost every popular subject of his time.
0109440|Chestnut is the name of about 12 species of trees with spreading branches.
0109500|Chevalier, Maurice, (1888-1972), was an internationally popular French motion-picture and stage performer.
0109560|Chevrolet, Louis (1878-1941), helped organize the Chevrolet Motor Company in 1911, and designed its first automobile.
0109580|Chevron, consists of two lines joined together at one end to form an angle.
0109600|Chewing gum is a type of confection that people chew but do not swallow.
0109640|Cheyenne, (pop. 50,008; met. area pop. 73,142), one of the most historic towns of the Old West, is the capital and largest city of Wyoming.
0109660|Cheyenne Indians are a group of American Indians separated geographically into two groups, the Northern Cheyenne and the Southern Cheyenne.
0109710|Chiang Ching-kuo, (1910-1988), was the most powerful leader of the Nationalist Chinese government on Taiwan from 1975 until his death in 1988.
0109720|Chiang Kai-shek, (1887-1975), was the political and military leader of the Nationalist Chinese government on Taiwan from 1949 until his death in 1975.
0109760|Chiang Soong Mei-ling, or Mayling (1897?- ), the wife of Chiang Kai-shek, is a Chinese social leader.
0109860|Chibcha Indians, lived on the high plains of the central Colombian Andes.
0109880|Chicago is a huge city in northeastern Illinois that stretches along the southwest shore of Lake Michigan.
0109920|Chicago, University of, is a leading private educational and research institution on Chicago's South Side.
0110040|Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal connects Lake Michigan with the Des Plaines River by way of the Chicago River.
0110080|Chichen Itza was the most powerful city of the Maya Indians between about A.D. 900 and about A.D. 1200.
0110110|Chichester, Sir Francis (1901-1972), an English adventurer, made long-distance boat and airplane voyages.
0110120|Chickadee is the name of seven species of small birds in the titmouse family.
0110200|Chickasaw Indians are a tribe that originally lived in the Southern United States.
0110220|Chicken is a bird that is raised for its meat and eggs.
0110270|Chickenpox, also called varicella, is a common, generally mild, contagious disease of children.
0110310|Chickpea, also called garbanzo, is a plant grown for its nutritious, edible seeds.
0110320|Chicle is a gummy substance obtained from the latex of certain tropical trees.
0110380|Chicory is the name of several species of herbs that are native chiefly to Europe, northern Africa, and western Asia.
0110460|Chief justice is the presiding judge of a court that has several judges, such as the Supreme Court of the United States.
0110520|Chigger, also called jigger, is the common name of two kinds of pests that attack human beings.
0110600|Chihuahua, (pop. 516,153), is a chief city in northern Mexico and capital of Chihuahua state.
0110620|Chihuahua is the largest state in area in Mexico.
0110640|Chihuahua is the smallest breed of dogs.
0110680|Chilblain is a condition in which the skin stings, itches, burns, and sometimes turns red.
0110700|Child is a person between about 18 months and 13 years of age.
0110705|Child, Lydia Maria (1802-1880), was an American abolitionist, author, and editor.
0110710|Child abuse is a term that generally refers to mistreatment of a child by a parent or another adult.
0110760|Child labor is the employment of children as wage earners.
0110800|Child welfare is a program of financial, medical, psychological, and social services provided to parents and children.
0110810|Childbirth is the process by which a woman gives birth to a baby.
0110840|Childhood Education International, Association for, is an organization that works for the education and welfare of children.
0110870|Children and Families, Administration for, is a part of the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).
0110880|Children's Bureau is a unit of the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).
0110990|Children's home, also called an orphanage, is an institution that cares for homeless children.
0111040|Chile is a long, narrow country on the west coast of South America.
0111080|Chili con carne is a Mexican dish that consists of minced red chilies and meat.
0111120|Chillicothe, Ohio (pop. 21,923), is an industrial city and trading center for a fertile farming region.
0111220|Chimborazo is a volcanic mountain in the Andes of Ecuador, about 120 miles (193 kilometers) from the Pacific coast.
0111240|Chimera was a fire-breathing monster in Greek mythology.
0111260|Chimes, also called tubular bells, are a percussion instrument that consists of 18 to 20 brass or steel tubes hung on a frame.
0111320|Chimney sweep is a worker who cleans the soot out of chimneys.
0111340|Chimpanzee is an African ape.
0111400|China is a huge country in eastern Asia.
0111460|China Sea is the name of two seas of the Pacific Ocean along the east coast of Asia.
0111580|Chinch bug is a small insect that feeds on plants.
0111600|Chinchilla is a small animal prized for its soft, thick fur.
0111680|Chinese cabbage is a cabbagelike vegetable that has been grown in China since the A.D. 400's.
0111695|Chinese crested is a breed of small dog.
0111760|Chinese-Japanese wars refers to two wars between China and Japan--the war of 1894-1895 and the war of 1937-1945.
0111780|Chinese language is one of the world's oldest languages.
0111800|Chinese literature is one of the oldest and greatest of the world's literatures.
0111810|Chinese shar-pei is a breed of dog that originated in China about 200 B.C.
0111860|Chinook is a warm dry wind that blows down the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains, usually in winter and early spring.
0111880|Chinook Indians are a people of the Pacific Northwest.
0111980|Chipmunk is a small, striped animal that lives in burrows (tunnels) in Asia and North America.
0112000|Chippendale, Thomas (1718-1779), was an English furniture maker and designer.
0112020|Chippewa Indians, form one of the largest tribal groups in North America.
0112030|Chirac, Jacques Rene (1932- ), was elected president of France in 1995.
0112060|Chirico, Giorgio de (1888-1978), was an Italian painter.
0112140|Chiropractic is a system of health care that emphasizes the relationship between structure and function in the body.
0112170|Chisholm, Shirley (1924- ), became the first African American woman to serve in the United States Congress.
0112180|Chisholm Trail was a famous route that Texas cowboys used in driving cattle herds north to the railroads in Kansas.
0112185|Chisinau, (pop. 676,000), is the capital and largest city of Moldova, formerly the Soviet republic of Moldavia.
0112240|Chiton is a sea animal with a tough protective shell.
0112340|Chive is a green vegetable that is closely related to the onion.
0112385|Chlamydia is the name commonly given to a widespread sexually transmitted disease.
0112390|Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic once used for the treatment of many kinds of infections.
0112420|Chloride is a chemical compound that contains the chlorine ion.
0112460|Chlorine is a poisonous, yellowish-green gas with a strong, unpleasant odor.
0112480|Chlorofluorocarbon is any of a group of synthetic organic compounds that contain chlorine, fluorine, and carbon.
0112500|Chloroform is a dense, colorless liquid that is used as a solvent in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, dyes, and pesticides.
0112540|Chlorophyll is the green pigment in plants that absorbs light energy for use in photosynthesis.
0112560|Chloroplast is a specialized structure within the cells of plants.
0112580|Chlorpromazine is a drug used to reduce hallucinations and delusions in mentally ill persons.
0112640|Chocolate is a food made from the seeds of a tropical tree called the cacao.
0112660|Choctaw Indians are a tribe that originally lived in what is now Alabama and Mississippi.
0112720|Cholera is an infectious intestinal disorder.
0112740|Cholesterol is a fatty substance found in animal tissues.
0112790|Chomsky, Noam, (1928- ), an American linguist, originated transformational grammar.
0112810|Chongqing, (pop. 2,730,000), also spelled Chungking or Ch'ung-ch'ing, served as the capital of the Republic of China from 1937 to 1946.
0112840|Chopin, Frederic Francois, (1810?-1849), a Polish-born composer, ranks as one of the masters of piano composition.
0112850|Chopin, Kate (1851-1904), was an American novelist and short story writer.
0112860|Chopsticks are utensils used in many Asian countries to eat and serve food.
0112920|Chorale is the music for a hymn, in particular the hymns of German Protestant churches.
0112960|Chordate is the name of a large phylum (group) of land, marine, and freshwater animals.
0112980|Chorea is any of a number of disorders characterized by brief, rapid, uncoordinated movements.
0113142|Chouteau, Jean Pierre, (1758-1849), who went by his middle name, was an American fur trader and a United States Indian agent.
0113144|Chouteau, Pierre, Jr. (1789-1865), often called Cadet, acquired great wealth from the fur business and became one of the most powerful financiers of his day.
0113145|Chouteau, Rene Auguste, (1749-1829), was a French fur trader and merchant who helped found St. Louis, Mo.
0113160|Chow chow, commonly called chow, is one of the oldest breeds of dogs.
0113170|Chretien, Jean, (1934- ), became prime minister of Canada in late 1993, after leading the Liberal Party to victory in a general election.
0113180|Chretien de Troyes was a French poet who wrote from about 1160 to about 1190.
0113260|Christchurch (pop. 307,179) is one of the largest cities in New Zealand.
0113310|Christian IV (1577-1648) was king of Denmark from 1588 until his death.
0113321|Christian IX (1818-1906) was king of Denmark from 1863 until his death in 1906.
0113322|Christian X (1870-1947) was king of Denmark from 1912 until his death.
0113330|Christian, Charlie (1916?-1942), an American musician, established the guitar as a solo instrument in jazz.
0113350|Christian Coalition is a conservative political organization in the United States devoted to preserving what it considers traditional values in American life.
0113445|Christian Endeavor International is a ministry that assists local churches in reaching young people with the gospel of Jesus Christ.
0113460|Christian Era is the period from the birth of Christ to the present.
0113500|Christian Reformed Church was founded in 1857 in the United States by a group of Dutch Protestants.
0113520|Christian Scientists are members of a religious movement that stresses spiritual healing.
0113580|Christianity is the religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.
0113620|Christie, Dame Agatha (1890-1976), was an English writer of detective stories.
0113660|Christmas is a Christian holiday that celebrates the birth of Jesus Christ.
0113760|Christophe, Henri, (1767-1820), was a black king in northern Haiti in the early 1800's.
0113780|Christopher, Saint, is the patron saint of ferry workers and travelers.
0113790|Christopher, Warren Minor (1925- ), became United States secretary of state under President Bill Clinton in 1993.
0113900|Chromatography is a method of separating the substances that make up a liquid or gaseous mixture.
0113920|Chrome is the name given to several combinations of chromium and lead that are used as paint pigments.
0113930|Chromic acid is the common name for chromium trioxide, an important industrial compound.
0113960|Chromium, a chemical element, is a glossy, fairly soft, gray metal.
0113980|Chromosome is a threadlike structure found in cells of all organisms.
0114010|Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disorder that affects many adults.
0114020|Chronicles, Books of, are two books of the Bible that describe the history of the Jews from Adam to the 500's B.C.
0114060|Chronometer is an instrument that keeps time with extreme accuracy.
0114080|Chrysalis is the third, or pupal, stage in the development of a butterfly.
0114100|Chrysanthemum is a group of strong-scented shrubby herbs that grow in many temperate regions.
0114120|Chrysler, Walter Percy (1875-1940), an American automobile manufacturer, was a founder and the first president of the Chrysler Corporation.
0114140|Chrysler Corporation is one of the largest manufacturers of automobiles in the world.
0114200|Chrysostom, Saint John (347?-407?), was one of the most beloved and celebrated of the fathers of the early Christian church.
0114240|Chub is the common name of several small fishes.
0114280|Chuck wagon was a mess wagon or rolling kitchen that provided food for cowhands trailing herds north from Texas or for roundup crews on Western ranches.
0114320|Chuckwalla is the name of several kinds of large, harmless lizards found in rocky deserts of the United States and Mexico.
0114340|Chumash Indians are a group of tribes in southern California.
0114400|Church, in Christianity, has two basic meanings.
0114410|Church, Frederick Edwin (1826-1900), was an American painter known for his huge, dramatic landscapes.
0114440|Church and state is a term that refers to the relations between churches and governments.
0114560|Church of England, also called the Established Church, is the national church of England.
0114600|Church of God in Christ, The, is one of the largest Pentecostal denominations in the United States.
0114680|Church of the Nazarene is a Protestant denomination that follows the teachings of early Methodism.
0114720|Churches of Christ are a group of religious congregations that accept the Bible as the inspired, authoritative Word of God.
0114760|Churches of God consist of about 15 religious groups in the United States that use the same name--Church of God--but differ in faith and practice.
0114840|Churchill, Sir Winston Leonard Spencer (1874-1965), became one of the greatest statesmen in world history.
0114860|Churchill River is in Saskatchewan and Manitoba in western Canada.
0114880|Churchill River flows through Newfoundland in eastern Canada.
0114900|Churn is a container in which cream or milk is stirred or beaten.
0114970|Ciardi, John (1916-1986), was an American poet.
0115020|Cibola, Seven Cities of, were seven legendary cities in what is now the Southwestern United States.
0115040|Cicada is a heavy-bodied insect with four thin wings that it folds over its body like a roof.
0115100|Cicero, Marcus Tullius, (106-43 B.C.), was a great Roman orator and statesman.
0115120|Cid, The (1043?-1099), also called El Cid, is one of Spain's national heroes.
0115140|Cider is a beverage made from the juice pressed out of apples.
0115200|Cigar is a tight roll of dried tobacco used for smoking.
0115220|Cigarette is a roll of shredded tobacco wrapped in paper.
0115240|Cilia are tiny, hairlike structures that project from certain kinds of cells.
0115280|Cimabue, Giovanni (1240?-1302?), an Italian painter, was the first famous painter of the city of Florence.
0115320|Cimmerians were nomads who lived in what is now southern Ukraine from about 1200 B.C. to 700 B.C.
0115340|Cimon, (507?-450 or 449 B.C.), was a military and political leader in ancient Athens.
0115360|Cinchona is the name of a group of valuable South American trees and shrubs.
0115400|Cincinnati is a major industrial and commercial center of the Midwest.
0115420|Cincinnati, Society of the, is an organization of men descended from commissioned officers who served in the Continental Army or Navy during the Revolutionary War in America (1775-1783).
0115460|Cincinnatus, Lucius Quinctius, (519?-439? B.C.), a Roman statesman and general, was a legendary model of patriotism.
0115470|Cinco de Mayo is a holiday celebrated on May 5 by Mexicans and Mexican Americans.
0115560|Cineraria is a group of herbs that belong to the composite family.
0115580|Cinnabar is a bright red mineral consisting of mercury and sulfur.
0115600|Cinnamon is a popular spice used in cooking and for flavoring candies and preserves.
0115620|Cinquefoil is the name of about 500 species of plants that belong to the rose family.
0115740|Circe, a beautiful enchantress in Greek mythology, had the power to turn men into beasts.
0115760|Circle is a closed curve on a plane.
0115820|Circuit breaker is an automatic switch.
0115860|Circuit rider was an important figure in pioneer times in America.
0115905|Circulatory system is a network that carries blood throughout the body.
0115910|Circumcision is the surgical removal of the skin that covers the tip of the penis.
0115980|Circus is a live production that features daring and graceful acts by a cast of acrobats, aerial artists, animal trainers, and other performers.
0116040|Cirrhosis is a disease of the liver in which scar tissue forms throughout the organ.
0116075|Cisneros, Henry Gabriel (1947- ), became the first Hispanic American to serve as United States secretary of housing and urban development.
0116080|Cistercians are monks and nuns who belong to two Roman Catholic religious orders throughout the world.
0116120|Citadel is a high, walled fortress built to defend a city.
0116160|Citibank is one of the largest banks in the world.
0116200|Cities of refuge were six cities of ancient Palestine.
0116250|Citizens band radio is a method of short-distance communication used by private citizens.
0116260|Citizenship is full membership in a nation or in some other unit of government.
0116280|Citizenship Day is celebrated in the United States each year on September 17.
0116320|Citrange is a hybrid plant derived from the sweet orange and the trifoliate orange.
0116360|Citric acid is a common organic acid that gives lemons, oranges, and other citrus fruits their sour taste.
0116380|Citrin is a chemical substance that belongs to a group of chemicals called flavonoids.
0116400|Citron is a large, usually sour fruit much like the lemon.
0116420|Citronella is an oil used in perfumes and in citronella candles.
0116440|Citrus is the name of a group of trees and shrubs which belong to the rue family.
0116460|City is a community where thousands--or even millions--of people live and work.
0116480|City government manages the affairs of and provides services for cities, towns, villages, and other communities.
0116620|City planning is the process of preparing programs to guide the development of cities and towns.
0116640|City-state is an independent or nearly independent state in which political and cultural activities are concentrated in a single urban center.
0116660|Ciudad Bolivar, (pop. 225,846; met. area pop. 247,593), is a major port and commercial city on the Orinoco River in eastern Venezuela.
0116700|Civet is a furry mammal that looks somewhat like a long, slender cat.
0116740|Civics is the study of the rights and responsibilities of citizens.
0116800|Civil Air Patrol (CAP) is the volunteer civilian auxiliary of the United States Air Force.
0116880|Civil defense is a government program that provides guidance and assistance in preparing for, responding to, and recovering from public emergencies.
0116890|Civil disobedience is the deliberate and public refusal to obey a law.
0116920|Civil law is a term with several meanings.
0116980|Civil rights are the freedoms and rights that a person may have as a member of a community, state, or nation.
0116990|Civil Rights, Commission on, is an independent agency of the United States government.
0116995|Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a United States law that bans discrimination because of a person's color, race, national origin, religion, or sex.
0117000|Civil service is a system that includes almost all of a government's civilian employees who are appointed rather than elected.
0117060|Civil War (1861-1865) took more American lives than any other war in history.
0117120|Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) was an agency authorized by the government to hire unemployed young men for public conservation work.
0117140|Civilization is a way of life that arose after people began to live in cities or in societies organized as states.
0117160|Civitan International is an association of service clubs dedicated to good citizenship.
0117220|Claiborne's Rebellion was a series of conflicts in the 1630's and 1640's in which William Claiborne, a Virginia fur trader, refused to accept the authority of Leonard Calvert, the governor of Maryland.
0117270|Clair, Rene, (1898-1981), was a French motion-picture director.
0117280|Clairvoyance is an awareness of events, objects, or people without the use of the senses of hearing, sight, smell, taste, or touch.
0117300|Clam is an animal whose soft body is covered with a protective shell.
0117320|Clan is a group of people who are related through a common ancestor.
0117380|Clarendon, Earl of (1609-1674), played a leading part in restoring the monarchy in England in 1660.
0117420|Clarinet is a woodwind instrument.
0117450|Clark is the family name of two Americans--father and son--who held important government positions.
0117460|Clark, Abraham (1726-1794), was an American political leader during the Revolutionary War in America (1775-1783) and a New Jersey signer of the Declaration of Independence.
0117520|Clark, Charles Joseph (1939- ), became the youngest prime minister in the history of Canada.
0117560|Clark, George Rogers (1752-1818), was an American frontiersman and soldier who won important victories in the Northwest Territory during the Revolutionary War in America (1775-1783).
0117610|Clark, Jim (1936-1968), became one of the world's greatest automobile racing drivers.
0117630|Clark, Kenneth Bancroft (1914- ), an American educator and psychologist, became known for his studies on school segregation and its effects on students.
0117640|Clark, Mark Wayne (1896-1984), was a leading United States general of World War II (1939-1945).
0117680|Clark, William (1770-1838), was an American explorer.
0117780|Clarke, Arthur C. (1917- ), is a British-born author of science fiction and related nonfiction.
0117910|Class action is a judicial proceeding in which one or more individuals sue on behalf of a group having similar claims.
0117935|Classical music is music written chiefly for concerts, for religious services, and for opera and ballet.
0117940|Classicism is a philosophy of art and life that emphasizes order, balance, and simplicity.
0117960|Classification, Scientific. Scientific Classification is a method scientists have developed to arrange all of the world's organisms in related groups.
0117990|Claude (1600-1682) was a French painter who established a tradition of landscape painting that influenced artists in Europe and America for 200 years.
0118000|Claudel, Paul (1868-1955), was a French writer and diplomat.
0118020|Claudius (10 B.C.-A.D. 54) was the emperor of Rome from A.D. 41 to 54.
0118040|Clause is a group of words with a subject and a predicate.
0118060|Clausewitz, Karl von (1780-1831), was a Prussian army officer and military theorist.
0118080|Clausius, Rudolf Julius Emmanuel (1822-1888), a German physicist, helped establish thermodynamics as a science.
0118120|Clavichord is a keyboard musical instrument that was a forerunner of the piano.
0118200|Clay is a substance present in most kinds of soil.
0118215|Clay, Cassius Marcellus (1810-1903), was an American politician and abolitionist.
0118220|Clay, Henry (1777-1852), was a leading American statesman for nearly 50 years.
0118300|Clayton, John Middleton (1796-1856), was an American political leader.
0118360|Clayton-Bulwer Treaty, signed by the United States and Britain in 1850, gave both countries an equal share in the protection of a canal to be built through Central America.
0118460|Clearinghouse is an institution used by banks to exchange checks and to establish claims against each other that result from financial transactions.
0118470|Cleary, Beverly (1916- ), is an American author of books for children.
0118530|Cleaver, Eldridge (1935- ), became known for preaching the doctrine of Black Power.
0118560|Cleft palate is a birth defect in which there is a split in the roof of the mouth.
0118580|Cleisthenes was a statesman in ancient Athens.
0118600|Clematis is any one of a group of perennial herbs or woody vines that grow throughout North America, Europe, and Asia.
0118620|Clemenceau, Georges, (1841-1929), a French statesman, led France triumphantly through the last and most difficult period of World War I.
0118661|Clement I, Saint (?-about A.D. 101), was elected pope about A.D. 92.
0118662|Clement VII (1342-1394) was an antipope--that is, a man determined to have improperly claimed to be or served as pope.
0118663|Clement VII (1478-1534) was elected pope in 1523 and reigned during a stormy period in European religious and political affairs.
0118664|Clement VIII (1536-1605) was elected pope in 1592, during the time of renewal and reform in the Roman Catholic Church known as the Counter Reformation.
0118680|Clemente, Roberto (1934-1972), a Puerto Rican athlete, was one of the greatest baseball players in history.
0118700|Clementi, Muzio, (1752-1832), was an Italian composer best known for his piano music.
0118780|Cleopatra, (69-30 B.C.), was a queen of ancient Egypt and one of the most fascinating women in history.
0118800|Cleopatra's Needles are two famous obelisks (tall pillars of stone) from ancient Egypt.
0118840|Clerestory is an architectural term for the row of windows in a wall that rises above adjacent roofs.
0118920|Clerk of court is an officer of a court of justice who performs many important administrative duties.
0118940|Clermont was the first commercially successful steamboat.
0119020|Cleveland is Ohio's second largest city and one of the leading industrial centers of the United States.
0119040|Cleveland, Grover (1837-1908), was the only President who served two terms that did not directly follow each other.
0119080|Cliburn, Van (1934- ), is an American concert pianist.
0119100|Click beetle is the name used for any one of a group of beetles that spring and snap.
0119120|Cliff is a steep face of rock.
0119140|Cliff dwellers were Indians who built their homes in canyon walls and under rock overhangs in what is now the Southwestern United States.
0119150|Clifford, Clark McAdams (1906- ), was United States secretary of defense under President Lyndon B. Johnson from March 1968 to January 1969.
0119200|Climate is the sum of all weather events in an area during a long period of time.
0119215|Climbing perch is a group of about 40 species of small freshwater fish that can move and breathe out of water.
0119230|Cline, Patsy (1932-1963), was a popular American country music singer.
0119240|Clingmans Dome is the highest peak in the Great Smoky Mountains and in Tennessee.
0119270|Clinical psychology is the scientific study, diagnosis, and treatment of people who have psychological problems adjusting to themselves and the environment.
0119315|Clinton, Bill (1946- ), was elected President of the United States in 1992.
0119320|Clinton, De Witt (1769-1828), an American statesman, promoted the building of the Erie Canal.
0119340|Clinton, George (1739-1812), an American statesman and soldier, served as Vice President of the United States from 1805 until his death.
0119360|Clinton, Sir Henry (1730-1795), served as commander in chief of the British Army from 1778 to 1781, during the Revolutionary War in America.
0119380|Clinton, Hillary Rodham (1947- ), the wife of President Bill Clinton, became one of the most active First Ladies in United States history.
0119400|Clipper ship was a fast, slender sailing vessel that was developed in the United States in the mid-1800's.
0119500|Clive, Robert (1725-1774), was the British administrator and military leader who brought India into the British Empire.
0119540|Clock is an instrument that shows the time.
0119580|Cloister, in architecture, refers to a covered walk that encloses the courtyard of a monastery, convent, church, or college.
0119610|Clone is a group of genetically identical cells.
0119630|Closed captioning is a system that provides subtitles (printed dialogue) on television broadcasts for hearing-impaired and deaf viewers.
0119660|Closed shop is a workshop or an industry in which only members of a labor union may be hired.
0119800|Clothing includes all the different garments, accessories, and ornaments worn by people throughout the world.
0119860|Cloture, also called closure, shuts off debate in a legislative body.
0119880|Cloud is a mass of small water droplets or tiny ice crystals that floats in the air.
0119940|Cloudburst is a sudden heavy rain falling for a short period of time in a small area.
0119960|Clove is the name given to the dried flower buds of a tropical tree.
0119980|Clover is a valuable crop used to feed farm animals and to enrich the soil.
0120020|Clovis I, (466?-511), a Frankish king, became the first powerful ruler of the Merovingian dynasty, the founders of the French state.
0120040|Clown is a type of comic performer who usually works in a circus.
0120080|Club is a group of persons organized for some particular purpose, such as social enjoyment and entertainment.
0120100|Club moss is any one of a group of plants that look somewhat like large mosses.
0120120|Clubfoot is an abnormal condition of the foot, usually present at birth.
0120140|Clumber spaniel is a short, heavy hunting dog.
0120180|Clyde, River, is the chief commercial waterway in Scotland.
0120220|Clymer, George (1739-1813), a Philadelphia merchant and politician, was one of six people who signed both the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution of the United States.
0120240|Clytemnestra was a princess in Greek mythology.
0120255|Cnidarian is the name of a group of soft-bodied water animals.
0120320|Coach is a four-wheeled vehicle drawn by animals.
0120380|Coagulant is any substance that causes a fluid to clot, or thicken.
0120420|Coal is a black or brown rock that can be ignited and burned.
0120520|Coal tar is a thick, black, sticky liquid obtained as a by-product in the manufacture of coke and coke oven gas from soft coal.
0120540|Coalition is a combination of political interest groups working toward a mutual goal.
0120560|Coanda, Henri-Marie, (1885-1972), was a Romanian aviation pioneer, engineer, and inventor.
0120620|Coast Guard, United States, is a branch of the armed services.
0120660|Coast Ranges are a system of mountain ranges that forms the western coast of North America for about 2,500 miles (4,020 kilometers).
0120720|Coati, also called coatimundi, is a member of the raccoon family.
0120740|Coatsworth, Elizabeth (1893-1986), was an American author best known for her children's books.
0120760|Coaxial cable is an electrical conductor that is used to transmit long-distance telephone calls, cable television programs, and other communications.
0120780|Cobalt is a silver-white metallic element used chiefly in alloys.
0120860|Cobb, Ty (1886-1961), was one of the greatest and most exciting players in baseball history.
0120890|Cobden, Richard (1804-1865), was an English manufacturer and statesman who vigorously urged free trade.
0120960|Cobra is any one of a group of poisonous "hooded" snakes.
0121000|Coca is the name of a large group of tropical South American shrubs or small trees.
0121040|Cocaine is a powerful drug made from leaves of the coca shrub of South America.
0121180|Cochise, (1800?-1874), was an American Indian chief who fought white settlers in what are now Arizona and New Mexico.
0121220|Cochran, Jacqueline (1912-1980), was an American businesswoman and pioneer airplane pilot.
0121263|Cock-of-the-rock is the name of two species of South American birds.
0121265|Cockatiel, also spelled cockateel, is a type of parrot.
0121280|Cockatoo is the name of several large parrots.
0121300|Cockcroft, Sir John Douglas (1897-1967), a British nuclear physicist, won the 1951 Nobel Prize in physics with Ernest T. S. Walton for being first to disintegrate atomic nuclei with artificially accelerated particles.
0121320|Cocker spaniel, sometimes called the American cocker, is one of the most popular dogs in the United States.
0121340|Cockfighting is a sport in which two gamecocks (fighting roosters) battle each other to the death.
0121360|Cockle is a sea animal with a tough, protective shell.
0121380|Cocklebur is the name of certain species of annual weeds belonging to the composite family.
0121400|Cockney is a nickname for a citizen of London, particularly one from the East End area.
0121440|Cockroach is an insect best known as a household pest.
0121460|Cockscomb is a flower with heads of red and yellow blossoms shaped like a rooster's comb or like an ostrich plume.
0121560|Coconut palm is the tall, graceful tree on which the coconut grows.
0121580|Cocoon is a protective covering that encloses the pupa and sometimes the larva of many insects.
0121620|Cocteau, Jean, (1889-1963), a French writer, often used his many talents to shock the public.
0121640|Cod is a major food fish.
0121660|Cod-liver oil is a yellow, fishy smelling oil obtained from the livers of codfish.
0121720|Code, in law, combines all the laws on a given subject in a single statute or ordinance.
0121760|Code Napoleon is the name often given to the code that contains the civil, as distinguished from the criminal, law of France.
0121820|Codeine, also called methylmorphine, is a drug used to relieve pain and coughing.
0121840|Codes and ciphers are forms of secret communication.
0121920|Codling moth is a small brown and bronze-colored moth.
0121950|Cody, John Patrick Cardinal (1907-1982), was archbishop of Chicago from 1965 until his death in 1982.
0122000|Coeducation is the teaching of males and females together in the same class or school.
0122040|Coelacanth is a primitive type of fish found in the western Indian Ocean.
0122068|Coelom is the body cavity of vertebrates and higher invertebrates.
0122100|Coeur d'Alene Mountains, form the northern part of the Bitterroot Range of the Rocky Mountains.
0122140|Coffee is a drink made from the roasted and ground beans of the coffee plant.
0122150|Coffee house was a type of cafe that served as a center of business, cultural, and political life in London.
0122180|Cofferdam is a temporary walled enclosure used in construction.
0122220|Coffin, Robert Peter Tristram (1892-1955), was an American author best known for his poems about Maine, his native state.
0122300|Cohan, George M. (1878-1942), was a leading figure in the American theater during the early 1900's.
0122310|Cohen, Leonard (1934- ), is a Canadian poet and novelist.
0122340|Cohesion is the force that holds a material together.
0122360|Cohn, Ferdinand Julius (1828-1898), was a German botanist and pioneer in bacteriology.
0122480|Coin collecting is one of the most popular hobbies in the world.
0122540|Coke is a hard, grayish substance obtained when soft coal is heated in an airtight coke oven.
0122580|Coke oven gas, also called coal gas, is the gas obtained when coal is heated in an airtight place.
0122600|Cola di Rienzo, (1313?-1354), was an Italian leader who turned from a freedom-loving reformer into a tyrant.
0122660|Colbert, Jean Baptiste, (1619-1683), a French statesman, served King Louis XIV as superintendent of finance from 1661 until his death.
0122720|Colchicum is a poisonous plant which grows wild in the moist meadowlands of England, Ireland, and of middle and southern Europe.
0122760|Cold, Common. The common cold results from any of a number of viral infections of the upper respiratory tract.
0122780|Cold-blooded animal is an animal that has little physiological control over its body temperature.
0122800|Cold frame is a boxlike structure built or placed on the ground to protect plants during cold weather.
0122840|Cold sore is a cluster of small blisters caused by a virus called herpes simplex virus.
0122860|Cold storage is a method of storing foods and other perishable products by holding them at low temperatures above freezing and in moist air.
0122880|Cold War is the term used to describe the intense rivalry that developed after World War II between groups of Communist and non-Communist nations.
0122900|Cole, Nat "King" (1917-1965), was an American singer and pianist.
0122920|Cole, Thomas (1801-1848), was a leader of the first group of American landscape painters.
0122940|Coleman, William Thaddeus, Jr. (1920- ), was United States secretary of transportation from 1975 to 1977.
0122980|Coleridge, Samuel Taylor (1772-1834), was a poet, philosopher, and critic of the English romantic movement.
0123000|Colette, (1873-1954), was a French author.
0123020|Coleus is the name for a group of plants native to tropical and nearly tropical areas of Asia, Africa, Australia, and the Pacific Islands.
0123040|Colfax, Schuyler, (1823-1885), served as Vice President of the United States from 1869 to 1873 during the first term of President Ulysses S. Grant.
0123080|Colic is a severe cramping pain resulting from the contraction of any of the hollow, muscular abdominal organs, such as the stomach and intestines.
0123180|Colitis is a disease involving inflammation of the colon or other parts of the large intestine.
0123200|Collage is a picture or design made by gluing pieces of paper or other materials onto a canvas or another surface.
0123210|Collagen is a protein found throughout the bodies of human beings and animals.
0123260|Collarbone is a long, slender, curved bone that connects the breastbone with a hooklike projection on the shoulder blade.
0123280|Collards are the leaves of the collard plant, a vegetable related to the cabbage.
0123330|Collection agency is an organization that collects the payment of past-due bills.
0123350|Collective behavior is a term in sociology that refers to how people act in crowds and other large, relatively unorganized groups.
0123360|Collective farm is a farm operated by a group cooperatively.
0123395|Collectivism is a political and economic system in which the government or the people as a group own the land, factories, and other means of production.
0123460|College entrance examination is a test or a series of tests that helps determine whether a person meets the admission requirements of a college or university.
0123580|Collie is a breed of dog that originated in Scotland, probably during the 1600's.
0123620|Collins, Michael (1930- ), was an astronaut on the Apollo 11 mission, which made the first manned landing on the moon.
0123640|Collins, Wilkie (1824-1889), an English author, was one of the most successful writers of detective fiction in the 1800's.
0123700|Collodi, Carlo (1826-1890), an Italian author, wrote the famous children's story The Adventures of Pinocchio (1883).
0123760|Colloid is a material composed of tiny particles of one substance that are dispersed (distributed), but not dissolved, in another substance.
0123790|Colobus is a type of monkey that lives in Africa south of the Sahara to the Zambezi River.
0123840|Cologne, (pop. 916,153), is a city in western Germany.
0123880|Colombia is a country in northwestern South America.
0123900|Colombo, (pop. 683,000), is the capital, major seaport, and largest city of Sri Lanka.
0123920|Colombo Plan, provides assistance for economic development to countries of south and Southeast Asia.
0123940|Colon, (pop. 59,840), is the third largest city in Panama.
0123980|Colon is a mark of punctuation shown as :.
0124000|Colon is a part of the large intestine.
0124080|Colonial Dames of America, National Society of the, is a society of women organized in 1891 to create an interest in American colonial history.
0124100|Colonial life in America. The story of the American colonists tells of the men, women, and children who left behind the Old World of Europe for a new life in North America.
0124140|Colonialism is a term that usually refers to the rule of a group of people by a foreign power.
0124200|Colony is a settlement established by people outside their native land, and ruled by the mother country.
0124260|Color fills our world with beauty.
0124280|Color blindness, sometimes called daltonism, is the inability to tell all colors apart.
0124340|Colorado is a state of unusual natural beauty in the Rocky Mountain region of the United States.
0124360|Colorado, University of, is a state-supported coeducational university with campuses in Boulder, Colorado Springs, and Denver.
0124420|Colorado Desert occupies about 2,000 square miles (5,200 square kilometers) of southeastern California.
0124440|Colorado National Monument, in western Colorado, includes many strange rock formations, such as Devil's Kitchen, Window Rock, and Independence Monument.
0124460|Colorado River, one of the major rivers in the United States, is 1,450 miles (2,334 kilometers) long.
0124520|Colorado Springs, Colo. (pop. 281,140; met. area pop. 397,014), is a tourist and recreation center located in the Rocky Mountains.
0124630|Colosseum, also called the Flavian Amphitheater, was the largest outdoor theater of ancient Rome.
0124640|Colossians, Epistle to the, is the 12th book of the New Testament.
0124720|Colt, Samuel (1814-1862), developed the first successful repeating pistol.
0124740|Colter, John (1775?-1813), an American explorer, was the first white person to visit the area that is now Yellowstone National Park.
0124750|Coltrane, John William (1926-1967), was a jazz saxophonist and composer.
0124780|Coltsfoot is a wild plant native to Europe and Asia.
0124800|Colum, Padraic, (1881-1972), was an Irish playwright, poet, biographer, short-story writer, essayist, folklorist, and children's author.
0124840|Columbia is a name sometimes used in referring to the United States.
0124860|Columbia, Mo. (pop. 69,101; met. area pop. 112,379), is an important regional center of education and health care.
0124880|Columbia, S.C. (pop. 98,052; met. area pop. 453,331), is the state's capital and largest city.
0124960|Columbia River is one of the chief rivers of the Western United States and Canada.
0125010|Columbia University is a coeducational, privately endowed university in New York City.
0125080|Columbine is the name of a group of flowering plants that occur naturally in Asia, Europe, and North America.
0125120|Columbite is a black, dense mineral made up of iron, manganese, niobium, oxygen, and, in some cases, tantalum.
0125160|Columbus, Ga. (pop. 179,278; met. area pop. 260,860), is the state's second-largest city.
0125180|Columbus, Ohio, is the capital and largest city of the state.
0125200|Columbus, Christopher (1451-1506), was an outstanding navigator and organizer of expeditions.
0125240|Columbus Day honors Christopher Columbus' first voyage to America in 1492.
0125260|Column is a freestanding vertical architectural element.
0125300|Coma is a state of deep unconsciousness.
0125320|Comanche Indians, were a southern Plains tribe that hunted buffalo from Nebraska to northern Mexico.
0125360|Comaneci, Nadia, (1961- ), a Romanian gymnast, became the first gymnast to receive a perfect score of 10 in the Olympic Games.
0125420|Combine is a farm machine that cuts and threshes grain or other crops in one operation.
0125440|Combustion is a chemical reaction that gives off heat and light.
0125500|Comedy is a form of drama that deals with humorous or ridiculous aspects of human behavior.
0125580|Comet is an icy body that normally travels around the sun in a long, oval orbit.
0125620|Comics is an art form in which two or more cartoon pictures appear in a sequence.
0125720|Commager, Henry Steele (1902- ), an American educator and historian, won high praise for his books The Growth of the American Republic (with Samuel E. Morison, 1931) and America: the Story of a Free People (with Allan Nevins, 1942).
0125780|Commander in chief has supreme command of a nation's armed services.
0125840|Commando is the British term for a soldier who is trained to take part in specialized hit-and-run or raiding operations.
0125980|Commerce, Department of, is an executive department of the United States government.
0126040|Commercial art includes many types of art used for business purposes as well as illustration.
0126120|Commercial paper is a term used broadly to describe business documents that are either orders or promises to pay money.
0126180|Commission, Military, is a written order and oath of service giving an officer rank in the armed services.
0126320|Committee of the whole is a committee composed of all the members present at a meeting of an organization.
0126340|Committees of correspondence were organized by towns, counties, and colonies before and during the Revolutionary War in America (1775-1783).
0126360|Committees of safety sprang up in the colonies to carry on necessary functions of government during the Revolutionary War in America.
0126380|Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) is a corporation within the United States Department of Agriculture.
0126400|Commodity exchange is a centralized market for buyers and sellers of contracts related to a wide range of items.
0126480|Common carrier is a person or company that transports passengers and goods by water, land, or air for a fee.
0126490|Common Cause is a citizens' organization that works for political and social reform in the United States.
0126500|Common law is a body of rulings made by judges on the basis of community customs and previous court decisions.
0126520|Common market is an economic union of nations.
0126610|Commoner, Barry (1917- ), is an American biologist and educator.
0126680|Commonwealth is a term sometimes used for a state, a country, or a group of states and countries.
0126725|Commonwealth Games are an amateur sports competition for members of the Commonwealth of Nations.
0126728|Commonwealth of Independent States is a loose association of independent nations that were formerly republics of the Soviet Union.
0126730|Commonwealth of Nations is an association of independent countries and other political units that have lived under British law and government.
0126740|Communal society is a community formed by people who believe that they can make a better life together than any of them could make alone.
0126800|Communication is the sharing of information.
0126840|Communications Satellite Corporation (COMSAT) is a leading provider of communications satellite services in the United States and overseas.
0126860|Communion, in Christian churches, is the sacrament (holy ceremony) of the Lord's Supper.
0126880|Communism is a political and economic system that became one of the most powerful forces in the world.
0126940|Community, in the social sciences, is a group of people who share similar beliefs and customs and who may live in the same area.
0126980|Community college is an institution that offers additional training beyond high school.
0127020|Community property is the property husbands and wives own together under the laws of eight states--Arizona, California, Idaho, Louisiana, Nevada, New Mexico, Texas, and Washington.
0127120|Comoros is an archipelago (group of islands) in the Indian Ocean between the mainland of Africa and the island country of Madagascar.
0127130|Compact disc, often called CD, is a round, flat platter on which information is stored in the form of digital (numerical) code.
0127210|Comparative psychology is the study of differences and similarities in the behavior of animals of different species.
0127220|Comparison, in grammar, is the inflection of some adjectives and adverbs to express a greater or smaller degree of the quality the word denotes.
0127250|Compass is a device for determining direction.
0127260|Compass plant is a coarse plant that grows in the Midwestern United States.
0127285|Competency-based education refers to educational programs that require students to master certain skills or objectives.
0127380|Composer is a person who writes music.
0127420|Composite family is the common name for a large family of flowering plants.
0127430|Composite materials are solid substances that are produced by combining two or more separate ingredients.
0127440|Composition, in writing, is putting together words to create thought.
0127500|Compost is a kind of fertilizer made from partly decayed plant material.
0127520|Compound is a substance that contains more than one kind of atom.
0127540|Compound eye is a type of eye that has many tiny lenses close together.
0127680|Compromise of 1850 was a series of acts passed in 1850, by which the United States Congress hoped to settle the strife between opponents of slavery in the North and slaveowners in the South.
0127730|Compton-Burnett, Dame Ivy (1892-1969), an English novelist, ranks among the most accomplished literary stylists of her time.
0127855|Computerized instruction is the use of a computer system to provide or supplement a learner's education.
0127860|Computer is a machine that performs calculations and processses information with astonishing speed and precision.
0127862|Computer chip is a tiny piece of material, usually silicon, that contains a complex electronic circuit.
0127866|Computer graphics are images created by a computer.
0127867|Computerized tomography (CT), is an X-ray system used to produce images of various parts of the body, such as the head, chest, and abdomen.
0127875|Comstock Law is a United States law that prohibits the mailing of indecent materials or of information about birth control or abortion.
0127880|Comstock Lode was the greatest silver-mining center in the United States during the 1800's.
0127920|Comte, Auguste, (1798-1857), was a French social thinker and philosopher.
0127980|Conakry, (pop. 705,280), is the capital, largest city, and chief port of Guinea.
0128000|Conant, James Bryant (1893-1978), was an American chemist, educator, and government official.
0128020|Concentration camp is a place where people are imprisoned, and in some cases even tortured and killed, without legal proceedings.
0128100|Concertina is a musical instrument in which metal reeds are made to vibrate by air pressure produced by opening and closing a bellows.
0128120|Concerto is a musical composition played by one or more solo instruments and an orchestra.
0128140|Conch is any large sea snail with a heavy, spiral shell.
0128220|Concord, Mass. (pop. 17,076), is an attractive residential town noted for its historic and literary attractions.
0128240|Concord, N.H., is the capital and one of the largest cities of the state.
0128260|Concord, Battle of, took place at Concord, Mass., on April 19, 1775, and marked the second clash between the patriots and the British in the Revolutionary War in America.
0128460|Concussion is a temporary disturbance of brain function caused by a sudden blow to the head.
0128540|Condensed milk is a pasteurized, concentrated form of milk.
0128680|Condominium is a type of multifamily housing in which each dwelling is a separate piece of real estate.
0128740|Condor is either of two large vultures found in the Western Hemisphere.
0128750|Condorcet, Marquis de (1743-1794), was a French philosopher.
0128920|Cone in geometry is a solid figure whose base lies on a plane and is bounded by a closed curve called the directrix.
0128960|Conestoga wagon was a sturdy, colorful wagon used by American pioneers.
0129100|Confederate States of America was the name taken by six southern states when they organized their own government at Montgomery, Ala., in February 1861.
0129160|Confederation of Canada was the union of British colonies that formed the Dominion of Canada in 1867.
0129190|Confession, in law, is a voluntary statement in which a person admits being guilty of a crime and describes how the crime occurred.
0129200|Confirmation is a religious ceremony practiced by several faiths.
0129210|Conflict of interest occurs if an individual has a financial or other interest in a company doing business with his or her employer.
0129220|Confucianism is a philosophy based on the ideas of the Chinese philosopher Confucius.
0129240|Confucius, (551?-479? B.C.), was the most influential and respected philosopher in Chinese history.
0129245|Conga drum is a percussion instrument chiefly used in Latin American music.
0129310|Conglomerate, in business, is a large corporation that controls or owns a number of companies that generally operate in unrelated markets.
0129320|Congo is a hot, humid country in west-central Africa.
0129360|Congo River is the fifth longest river in the world.
0129410|Congregationalists are members of a Protestant religious group.
0129420|Congress comes from a Latin word that means a meeting.
0129460|Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) was an association of labor unions active from 1938 to 1955.
0129480|Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) is a civil rights organization in the United States.
0129500|Congress of the Confederation is the name sometimes used for the national legislature established by the Articles of Confederation.
0129520|Congress of the United States makes the nation's laws.
0129530|Congressional Budget Office is an agency of the United States Congress.
0129600|Congressional page works as a messenger in the United States Senate or House of Representatives.
0129620|Congressional Record is a printed account of what is done and said in the United States Congress daily.
0129640|Congressman or congresswoman is a member of the U.S. Congress.
0129740|Congreve, William (1670-1729), was an English dramatist who wrote witty, sophisticated comedies.
0129760|Congreve, Sir William (1772-1828), a British inventor, developed rockets that could carry explosives.
0129800|Conifer is any one of a large group of trees or shrubs that bears its seeds in cones.
0129820|Conjugation is a complete list of the forms of a verb by mood, number, person, tense, and voice.
0129880|Conjunction is a word used to connect words, phrases, clauses, and sentences.
0129920|Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the membrane that covers the white part of the eyeball and the inner lining of the eyelid.
0129950|Connally, John Bowden (1917-1993), was United States secretary of the treasury in 1971 and 1972.
0129980|Connaught and Strathearn, Duke of (1850-1942), served as governor general of Canada from 1911 to 1916.
0130020|Connecticut is the third smallest state of the United States.
0130040|Connecticut, University of, is a state-supported coeducational university in Storrs, Conn.
0130100|Connecticut River rises in northern New Hampshire, and forms the boundary between that state and Vermont.
0130140|Connective tissue holds together and gives shape to body organs and tissues.
0130160|Connelly, Marc (1890-1980), wrote The Green Pastures (1930), perhaps America's most popular religious drama.
0130190|Connors, Jimmy (1952- ), is an American tennis champion and one of the best singles players in the world.
0130200|Conquistadors, were Spaniards who conquered Indian peoples in parts of Latin America mainly during the first half of the 1500's.
0130220|Conrad, Charles, Jr. (1930- ), a United States astronaut, commanded the Apollo 12 mission that made the second manned moon landing.
0130240|Conrad, Joseph (1857-1924), was a Polish-born author who wrote in English.
0130260|Conrail, a United States railroad, is one of the largest freight carriers in the nation.
0130280|Conscientious objector is a person who claims that his beliefs prevent him from bearing arms in his country's armed forces.
0130340|Conservation is the management, protection, and wise use of natural resources.
0130420|Conservatism is an attitude or philosophy that places great emphasis on tradition.
0130440|Conservative Party is one of the two main political parties in Great Britain.
0130540|Consolidated school is the result of joining two or more school districts and combining their school populations.
0130560|Consonant is a letter or sound which in speech requires hindering of the breath by the tongue, teeth, or lips.
0130600|Conspiracy is an agreement between two or more people to do something that is against the law.
0130620|Constable is a police officer in a rural community of the United States.
0130640|Constable, John (1776-1837), ranks with J. M. W. Turner as the leading English landscape painter of the 1800's.
0130800|Constantine, (pop. 448,578), is a trading center in Algeria about 50 miles (80 kilometers) from the Mediterranean Sea.
0130810|Constantine I, (1868-1923), of Greece was king from 1913 to 1917 and 1920 to 1922.
0130815|Constantine II, (1940- ), of Greece was king from 1964 to 1973.
0130820|Constantine the Great was the first emperor of Rome to become a Christian.
0130880|Constellation is a group of stars visible within a particular region of the night sky.
0130900|Constellation, a 36-gun frigate built in 1797, was the first United States Navy ship to capture a foreign warship.
0130920|Constipation is a condition in which the bowel does not rid itself of waste materials in a normal manner.
0130940|Constitution is a statement outlining the agreed basic principles of formal organizations ranging from national governments to private clubs.
0130960|Constitution is a famous frigate of the United States Navy.
0131000|Constitution of the United States sets forth the nation's fundamental laws.
0131060|Constitutional Union Party was an American political party formed in 1859 by former members of the Whig and Know-Nothing parties.
0131120|Consul is an official appointed by the government of one country to look after its commercial and cultural interests in a city of another country.
0131148|Consumer Affairs, United States Office of, is an agency of the U.S. government.
0131185|Consumer Federation of America (CFA) is an organization that promotes the interests of consumers in the United States.
0131190|Consumer Price Index is a statistical measurement of changes in the prices of goods and services bought by most people in the United States.
0131195|Consumer Product Safety Commission is an independent agency of the United States government.
0131205|Consumerism is a movement that promotes the interests of buyers of goods and services.
0131230|Consumers Union is an independent, nonprofit organization that tests and rates products and consumer services.
0131260|Consumption, in economics, is the use of goods and services to satisfy needs and desires.
0131300|Contact lens is a device used to correct an eye's nearsightedness or farsightedness.
0131330|Containerization is a method of transporting cargo by packing it into large containers.
0131380|Contempt, in law, is willful disregard or disobedience of public authority, such as a court or legislative assembly.
0131400|Continent is a part of the earth's surface that forms one of the great dry-land masses of the world.
0131460|Continental Association was an agreement adopted by the First Continental Congress of the American Colonies on Oct. 20, 1774.
0131500|Continental Congress was a convention of delegates from the American Colonies that first met in Philadelphia on Sept. 5, 1774.
0131540|Continental divide is the term used to designate the line of elevated land that separates areas drained to opposite sides of a continent.
0131580|Continental System was France's attempt to choke off Great Britain's trade with the rest of Europe in the early 1800's.
0131640|Contraband, in commerce, means trade forbidden by law.
0131680|Contract is an agreement between two or more parties that is enforceable by law.
0131730|Contrail is a thin line of cloud that forms behind aircraft at high altitudes.
0131740|Contralto is the lowest voice a woman can sing, and falls in the lower register of an alto voice.
0131840|Convent is a religious community, usually of women, who have taken religious vows and live under religious rule.
0131940|Converter is a device used to convert electrical energy from alternating current to direct current.
0131960|Convertibility is the absence of restrictions on exchanging the currency of one nation for that of another.
0132000|Conveyor belt is a device that conveys (carries) large quantities of material from place to place.
0132040|Convoy is a group of merchant ships traveling together for defense against attack.
0132060|Convulsions are involuntary contractions of groups of muscles often accompanied by loss of consciousness.
0132160|Cook, Frederick Albert (1865-1940), an American explorer, claimed he discovered the North Pole in April 1908.
0132180|Cook, James (1728-1779), was a British navigator and one of the world's greatest explorers.
0132220|Cook Islands lie in the South Pacific Ocean, about 1,800 miles (2,900 kilometers) northeast of New Zealand.
0132240|Cooke, Jay (1821-1905), an American financier, was the chief financial agent for the United States during the Civil War.
0132250|Cooke, Terence James Cardinal (1921-1983), archbishop of New York, was appointed a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church in 1969 by Pope Paul VI.
0132300|Cooking is the preparation of food for eating by applying heat.
0132320|Coolidge, Calvin (1872-1933), was a shy, silent New England Republican who led the United States during the boisterous Jazz Age of the 1920's.
0132510|Cooper, Gary (1901-1961), was an American motionpicture actor who appeared in more than 90 films.
0132520|Cooper, James Fenimore (1789-1851), was an American novelist and social critic.
0132560|Cooper, Leroy Gordon, Jr. (1927- ), a United States astronaut, was the first person to make two orbital space flights.
0132580|Cooper, Peter (1791-1883), was an American inventor, manufacturer, and philanthropist.
0132590|Cooper, Susan (1935- ), an English author, won the 1976 Newbery Medal for her novel The Grey King (1975).
0132620|Cooperative is a business owned by the people who use its services.
0132660|Cooperative education is a method of education that combines classroom studies with practical work experience.
0132665|Cooperative Extension System is a nationwide educational network in the United States.
0132680|Cooperstown (pop. 2,180) is a resort village on Otsego Lake, in the east-central part of New York state.
0132740|Coot is the name of nine kinds of marsh birds in the rail family.
0132820|Copenhagen, (pop. 464,566; met. area pop. 1,339,395), is the capital and largest city of Denmark.
0132840|Copepod is the name of a large group of tiny animals that live either in the ocean or in fresh water.
0132860|Copernicus, Nicolaus, (1473-1543), was a Polish astronomer who developed the theory that the earth is a moving planet.
0132880|Copland, Aaron, (1900-1990), was an American composer who wrote in many styles and forms.
0132900|Copley, John Singleton (1738-1815), is generally considered the greatest portrait painter in colonial America.
0132940|Copper has been one of the most useful metals for over 7,000 years.
0133060|Copperhead is a poisonous American snake, one of the pit vipers.
0133080|Copperheads was a name given to a group of Democrats who criticized President Abraham Lincoln's Administration during the Civil War.
0133090|Coppola, Francis Ford (1939- ), is an American motion-picture director, producer, and writer.
0133120|Copra is the dried meat of the coconut.
0133140|Copts is a term first used to refer to certain native residents of ancient Egypt.
0133200|Copying machine is any of several types of devices that copy documents or illustrations.
0133240|Copyright refers to a body of exclusive rights that protect the works of authors, artists, computer programmers, and other creative people against copying or unauthorized public performance.
0133320|Coral is a limestone formation formed in the sea by millions of tiny animals.
0133340|Coral Sea, is the part of the Pacific Ocean between the northeast coast of Australia, the Solomon Islands, and the Vanuatu island group.
0133360|Coral snake is the name given to several closely related poisonous snakes of the Western Hemisphere.
0133380|Coral tree, also known as coralbean, is the name of more than 100 species of trees and shrubs that grow in tropical and nearly tropical regions throughout the world.
0133400|Corbett, James John (1866-1933), became the world heavyweight boxing champion in 1892.
0133420|Corbin, Margaret Cochran (1751-1800), became a heroine at the Battle of Fort Washington in 1776, during the Revolutionary War in America (1775-1783).
0133480|Corcoran Gallery of Art, in Washington, D.C., has collections of paintings, sculpture, drawings, tapestries, photographs, and ceramics.
0133500|Cord is a unit for measuring firewood.
0133540|Corday, Charlotte (1768-1793), a French patriot, killed Jean Paul Marat, a radical leader of the French Revolution, during the Reign of Terror in 1793.
0133580|Cordillera is a group of mountain ranges, usually the principal mountain group of a continent.
0133600|Cordite was one of the original smokeless powders used to propel projectiles from guns.
0133620|Cordoba, (pop. 1,179,372), is the second largest city in Argentina.
0133630|Cordoba, (pop. 300,229), is an ancient Moorish city in Spain, and the capital of Cordoba province.
0133700|Corduroy is a cotton or cotton blend fabric with raised ribs of the cloth running lengthwise.
0133780|Corelli, Arcangelo, (1653-1713), was one of the earliest major violinists and composers of violin music.
0133800|Coreopsis is a large group of plants related to the sunflower.
0133880|Coriander is an herb that grows in the countries around the Mediterranean Sea.
0133900|Corinth was one of the most important cities of ancient Greece.
0133920|Corinth Canal, provides a waterway between the Gulf of Corinth and the Saronic Gulf in east-central Greece.
0133960|Corinthians, Epistles to the, are the seventh and eighth books of the New Testament.
0134000|Coriolanus, Gaius Marcius, was a general of the early Roman Republic.
0134020|Coriolis force is the apparent effect of the earth's rotation on the motion of anything traveling across the face of the globe.
0134060|Cork (pop. 133,271) is the second largest city of the Republic of Ireland.
0134080|Cork is a lightweight, spongy substance obtained from the bark of the cork oak tree.
0134100|Corliss, George Henry (1817-1888), an American engineer, helped improve the steam engine.
0134120|Corm is a short, thick underground stem.
0134140|Cormorant is a large, web-footed bird that catches fish by diving underwater.
0134160|Corn, also called maize, is a plant whose food value and wide variety of uses make it the most important crop grown in the United States.
0134180|Corn is a small, hard, shiny thickening of the epidermis (outer layer of the skin).
0134220|Corn borer, also called the European corn borer, is a serious insect menace to corn crops.
0134260|Corn earworm, also called bollworm, ranks among the worst insect pests in the United States.
0134320|Corn Laws were measures passed in England between the 1400's and mid-1800's to control the price of small grains, called corn in England.
0134360|Corn oil is a vegetable oil made from the kernel of the corn plant.
0134460|Corn syrup is a thick, sweet liquid made from cornstarch.
0134520|Corneille, Pierre (1606-1684), was a French playwright.
0134580|Cornell, Ezra (1807-1874), was an American businessman and philanthropist.
0134600|Cornell, Katharine (1893-1974), was an American stage actress.
0134640|Cornell University is a coeducational institution and the land-grant university of the state of New York.
0134660|Corner Brook, Newfoundland (pop. 22,410), is an important newsprint manufacturing center.
0134680|Cornering the market was a technique used to accumulate all or most of the available supply of a stock or commodity.
0134720|Cornet is a brass musical instrument that resembles a shortened trumpet.
0134800|Corning (pop. 11,938), is a glassmaking center on the Chemung River in south-central New York.
0134820|Cornplanter (1750?-1836) was a Seneca Indian leader.
0134840|Cornstalk (1720?-1777), a Shawnee Indian chief, became a central figure in Indian wars in Ohio during the late 1700's.
0134860|Cornstarch is a fine white flour made by grinding and refining grains of corn.
0134900|Cornucopia is a horn of plenty, a symbol of nature's productivity.
0134960|Cornwallis, Charles (1738-1805), the first Marquis Cornwallis, was a British general in the Revolutionary War in America.
0134980|Cornwallis, Edward (1713-1776), a British soldier and colonial official, led 2,500 settlers to Nova Scotia in 1749 and founded Halifax.
0135020|Corona is the outermost layer of the sun's atmosphere.
0135040|Coronado, Francisco Vasquez de (1510-1554), was a Spanish explorer.
0135080|Coronary thrombosis, also called coronary occlusion, is a condition in which a clot blocks the passage of blood in an artery of the heart.
0135100|Coronation is a ceremony at which a king, queen, or pope publicly receives a crown as a symbol of rule.
0135120|Coroner is an official of a county or other local government who investigates any death not clearly due to natural causes.
0135140|Corot, Camille, (1796-1875), was a French landscape and figure painter.
0135220|Corporation is a person or group of people who obtain a charter giving them certain legal rights and privileges.
0135230|Corporation for Public Broadcasting is a private, nonprofit organization that promotes public television and radio in the United States.
0135240|Corps is an army unit consisting of two or more divisions.
0135280|Corpus Christi, Tex. (pop. 257,453; met. area pop. 349,894), is a major United States seaport and a center of industry and tourism.
0135360|Corpuscle, in physiology, is a term used for a small mass or body.
0135420|Correggio, (1489?-1534), was one of the greatest painters of the Italian Renaissance.
0135440|Corregidor, a rocky fortified island, covers about 2 square miles (5 square kilometers) at the entrance to Manila Bay on the island of Luzon.
0135480|Correspondence school is an educational institution that furnishes home-study material through the mail.
0135560|Corrosion is the destruction of a material caused by the chemical action of a gas or liquid.
0135600|Corrupt practices are unethical techniques used by politicians to gain a political advantage in an election.
0135640|Corsica, (pop. 240,178), is a French island in the Mediterranean Sea.
0135680|Cortes, Hernando (1485-1547), was a Spanish adventurer who conquered what is now central and southern Mexico.
0135730|Cortina, Juan Nepomuceno, (1824-1894), was an early leader of the civil rights struggle of Mexican Americans.
0135740|Cortisone is one of an important group of hormones made in the cortex (outer part) of the adrenal glands.
0135780|Corundum is the second hardest pure mineral.
0135880|Cosby, Bill (1937- ), is a leading American entertainer, author, and TV producer.
0135960|Cosmetics are substances applied to a person's body to cleanse, promote attractiveness, or alter the appearance.
0135980|Cosmic rays are high-energy particles that originate in outer space.
0136010|Cosmology, in astronomy and astrophysics, is the study of the structure, dynamics, and development of the universe.
0136040|Cosmos are tall, late-summer flowers native to Mexico and the American tropics.
0136060|Cosmos, in physics and astronomy, is a term used to refer to everything that exists, from the smallest atoms to the most distant celestial bodies.
0136130|Cossacks, were originally peasant soldiers who lived chiefly in the areas of the Dnepr and Don rivers, in what are now eastern Ukraine and western Russia.
0136170|Cost-benefit analysis, also called benefit-cost analysis, is a type of economic study that measures the costs and benefits to society of existing or proposed programs.
0136180|Cost of living is the amount of money needed to buy a standard amount of consumer goods and services.
0136200|Costa Rica is a small, mountainous country in Central America.
0136240|Costello, John Aloysius, (1891-1976), served as prime minister of Ireland from 1948 to 1951 and from 1954 to 1957.
0136300|Cote d'Azur is the eastern end of the Mediterranean coast of France.
0136340|Cotillion is one of a family of ballroom dances for four couples in a square formation.
0136360|Cotopaxi, in the Andes Mountains of Ecuador, is one of the world's highest active volcanoes.
0136380|Cottage industry was a home-based system of manufacturing widely used during the 1700's and 1800's.
0136400|Cotton is the most widely used of all plant fibers.
0136420|Cotton, John (1584-1652), was a Puritan minister and author.
0136460|Cotton gin is a machine for removing the seeds from cotton fibers.
0136520|Cottonseed oil is an edible oil made from the seeds of cotton plants.
0136560|Cottonwood is a group of large, spreading poplar trees that grow in the United States.
0136600|Cotyledon is the leafy portion of a plant's embryo.
0136680|Cough is a strong, sudden expelling of air from the lungs.
0136700|Coughlin, Charles Edward (1891-1979), was a Canadian-born Roman Catholic priest known for his political activities during the 1930's.
0136740|Coulomb is a unit of electric charge in the metric system.
0136760|Coulomb, Charles Augustin de, (1736-1806), a French scientist, inventor, and army engineer, made fundamental contributions in the fields of friction, electricity, and magnetism.
0136920|Council on Foreign Relations is a private organization that studies problems in United States foreign policy.
0136980|Count is a title of honor going back to the days of the Roman Empire.
0137000|Counter Reformation, also known as the Catholic Reformation, generally refers to a period of Roman Catholic Church history in the 1500's and 1600's.
0137020|Counterfeiting is the unauthorized duplication of any object, especially money, with the intent to defraud (cheat someone).
0137060|Counterpoint is a musical term for two or more independent melodies performed at the same time.
0137120|Country is a defined geographic territory under the authority of an independent government.
0137180|Country music is a type of American popular music that developed in the Southern United States during the 1800's.
0137200|County is usually a division of local government.
0137220|County agricultural extension agent is a public official who helps farmers and homemakers solve agricultural and family-living problems.
0137280|Coup d'etat is a sudden take-over of a country's government by a group of conspirators.
0137320|Couperin, Francois (1668-1733), called "Le Grand" (The Great), was a French composer during the baroque period.
0137340|Couplet is a rhyme of two lines.
0137420|Courbet, Gustave (1819-1877), a French painter, helped found the realist movement in art.
0137430|Coureurs de bois, were French-Canadian frontiersmen of the late 1600's and the early 1700's who made their living by trading for furs with the Indians.
0137490|Courser is the name for a group of desert birds found in Africa, India, and Australia.
0137500|Court is a government institution that settles legal disputes and administers justice.
0137540|Court, Margaret Smith (1942- ), an Australian tennis star, was one of the best female tennis players in history.
0137560|Court-martial is a military court that tries people who belong to a country's armed forces and are accused of committing certain crimes.
0137580|Court of appeals is a high federal or state court.
0137620|Court of claims is a special federal or state court that settles claims against the government.
0137700|Court of International Trade, United States, is a federal court that handles cases involving imports and other international business.
0137725|Court of Military Appeals, United States, is the highest appeals court of the U.S. armed forces.
0137860|Cousin is a person outside your immediate family related to you by blood and descended from the same ancestor.
0137900|Cousteau, Jacques-Yves, (1910- ), is a French oceanographer, author, and motion-picture producer.
0137920|Cousy, Bob (1928- ), ranks among the outstanding playmakers in the history of basketball.
0138040|Covenanters, were members of a series of religious movements in Scotland during the last half of the 1500's and the 1600's.
0138060|Coventry, (pop. 292,600), is a city in central England.
0138160|Covington, (pop. 43,264), is a city in northern Kentucky.
0138180|Cow is a female adult animal of the bovine group.
0138200|Cow parsnip is a large, coarse plant which belongs to the parsley family.
0138240|Coward, Sir Noel (1899-1973), a British playwright, actor, and composer, became famous for his witty, sophisticated comedies.
0138260|Cowbird is the name of a group of birds found in North America and South America.
0138280|Cowboy is a person who helps take care of a large herd of cattle for a ranch owner.
0138300|Cowell, Henry (1897-1965), was an American composer.
0138350|Cowley, Abraham (1618-1667), was an English poet and essayist whose first volume of verse was published when he was 15.
0138360|Cowpea is a trailing or bushy vine widely cultivated in warm regions.
0138400|Cowper, William (1731-1800), was an English poet.
0138460|Cowrie, also spelled cowry, is a sea snail with a shiny, colorful shell.
0138480|Cowslip is the name of four flowering plants.
0138500|Cox, James Middleton (1870-1957), an American politician and newspaper publisher, was the Democratic candidate for President in 1920.
0138520|Coxey, Jacob Sechler (1854-1951), organized Coxey's Army, a group of unemployed men, during the depression of the 1890's.
0138540|Coyote is a wild member of the dog family.
0138600|Coysevox, Antoine, (1640-1720), was the leading French sculptor during the latter part of the reign of Louis XIV.
0138620|Cozzens, James Gould, (1903-1978), an American author, became best known for his novels of upper-class manners.
0138660|Crab is a type of animal with a hard shell and jointed legs.
0138680|Crab apple is any of a wide variety of small trees that bear apples less than 2 inches (5 centimeters) in diameter.
0138920|Cramp is a painful, uncontrolled contraction of one or more muscles.
0138940|Cranach, Lucas, the Elder (1472-1553), was one of the leading German painters of the Renaissance.
0138960|Cranberry is a red, tart, round or oval fruit that grows on an evergreen vine.
0138980|Crandall, Prudence (1803-1890), was an American teacher who played an important role in the abolitionist movement.
0139000|Crane is the name of a family of large birds with long legs and a long neck.
0139020|Crane is a machine that hoists, transports, and sets down heavy objects.
0139040|Crane, Hart (1899-1932), was an American poet best known for his complex work The Bridge (1930).
0139060|Crane, Stephen (1871-1900), was an American novelist, short-story writer, poet, and journalist.
0139065|Crane, Walter (1845-1915), was an English artist who became famous for his illustrations for children's books.
0139220|Cranmer, Thomas (1489-1556), was the first Protestant archbishop of Canterbury, the leader of the Church of England.
0139270|Cranston, Alan MacGregor (1914- ), a Democrat from California, was a United States senator from 1969 to 1993.
0139320|Crappie is a freshwater fish closely related to sunfish and black bass.
0139340|Crassus, Marcus Licinius, (112?-53 B.C.), was a Roman statesman, financier, and military leader.
0139360|Crater is a funnel- or bowl-shaped depression on the surfaces of planets and other bodies in the solar system.
0139380|Crater Lake is the deepest lake in the United States.
0139400|Crater Lake National Park was created in southwestern Oregon to preserve Crater Lake and the forests around it.
0139540|Crawford, William Harris (1772-1834), an American politician and statesman, became a Southern leader in United States politics.
0139560|Crayfish, also called crawfish, is a freshwater crustacean that is closely related to the lobster.
0139580|Crayon is a stick of colored wax shaped like a short pencil.
0139620|Crazy Horse (1844?-1877) was an Oglala Sioux Indian chief.
0139710|Creasey, John (1908-1973), an English author, became one of the best-known writers of detective stories of the 1900's.
0139745|Creationism is a set of beliefs based on the idea that a Supreme Being brought into existence the earth and all its life through a direct act of creation.
0139780|Crecy, Battle of, was the first important battle of the Hundred Years' War (1337-1453).
0139820|Credit enables people to obtain goods or services even if they do not have enough money to pay for them right away.
0139870|Credit card allows people to charge goods and services at business places that accept the card.
0139900|Credit Mobilier of America was a joint-stock company responsible for a major political scandal in the United States.
0139920|Credit union is a cooperative banking association operated exclusively for the benefit of its members.
0139960|Cree Indians are a people who live in Canada and in Montana in the United States.
0140020|Creek Indians belong to any of 19 tribal groups that once occupied much of what are now Alabama and Georgia.
0140050|Creeley, Robert (1926- ), an American poet, is one of a group of writers who are sometimes called the Black Mountain poets.
0140080|Creeper is the name of many species of small, woodland birds that live in most parts of the world.
0140160|Cremation is burning a dead body to ashes.
0140200|Creole, in North or South America, is a person whose ancestors were early French or Spanish settlers of the New World.
0140240|Creosote is a heavy, oily liquid made by distilling wood or coal tar.
0140260|Creosote bush, is a shrub that grows throughout the desert regions of the southwestern United States and Mexico.
0140340|Crescent is a symbol that resembles the moon in its first quarter.
0140380|Cress is any one of three green plants in the mustard family.
0140400|Cretaceous Period is a period in the geologic time scale of the earth's history.
0140420|Crete, (pop. 537,399), is the largest Greek island.
0140440|Cretinism is a condition in which babies are born with underdeveloped brains and poorly formed skeletons.
0140490|Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is a rare disease that destroys the brain.
0140520|Crevecoeur, Michel-Guillaume Jean de, (1735-1813), was a French-born essayist who portrayed rural life in colonial America.
0140525|Crewel, also called crewelwork, is a form of embroidery done with woolen yarn.
0140540|Cribbage is a card game for two, three, or four people.
0140550|Crichton, Michael (1942- ), is an American author whose novels weave new technological possibilities and current social issues into imaginative, fast-paced plots.
0140560|Crick, Francis H. C. (1916- ), is a British biologist.
0140580|Cricket is a type of jumping insect related to grasshoppers.
0140600|Cricket is a game played with bats and a ball by two teams of 11 players each.
0140640|Crile, George Washington (1864-1943), an American surgeon, made important contributions to the development of surgery, especially in the areas of shock, hemorrhage, and blood transfusion.
0140660|Crime is a term that refers to many types of misconduct forbidden by law.
0140665|Crime laboratory is a laboratory where experts analyze, identify, and interpret evidence connected with a crime.
0140680|Crimea, a region of Ukraine, is a peninsula that juts from the southern part of Ukraine into the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov.
0140700|Crimean War, (1853-1856), was fought between Russian forces and the allied armies of Britain, France, the Ottoman Empire (now Turkey), and Sardinia.
0140710|Criminal justice system is the system used to enforce the laws established by society.
0140740|Criminology is the scientific study of crime, criminals, criminal behavior, and the criminal justice system.
0140980|Criticism is the analysis and judgment of works of art.
0141000|Crittenden Compromise was a proposal submitted to the United States Senate in 1860 by Senator John Crittenden of Kentucky in an effort to keep the Southern States from leaving the Union.
0141025|Cro-Magnons, were prehistoric human beings who lived in Europe, Asia, and North Africa from about 40,000 to 10,000 years ago.
0141040|Croatia is a country in southeastern Europe that declared its independence in June 1991.
0141080|Croce, Benedetto, (1866-1952), was probably the most distinguished Italian philosopher of the 1900's.
0141100|Crocheting is a way of making lace by methods similar to those used in knitting.
0141150|Crockett, Davy (1786-1836), was one of the most famous frontiersmen in United States history.
0141160|Crocodile is one of the largest living reptiles.
0141200|Crocus is the name of a group of small flowering plants native to southern Europe and Asia and cultivated in many regions of the world.
0141220|Croesus, (reigned 560-546 B.C.), was the last king of Lydia, a country in what is now western Turkey.
0141300|Crompton, Samuel (1753-1827), was an English weaver and inventor.
0141320|Cromwell, Oliver (1599-1658), led the armed forces of Parliament to victory in the English Civil War in the 1640's and ruled England from 1653 to 1658.
0141325|Cromwell, Richard (1626-1712), ruled England as lord protector from September 1658 to May 1659.
0141330|Cromwell, Thomas (1485?-1540), was a trusted adviser to King Henry VIII of England.
0141340|Cronin, A. J. (1896-1981), was a popular British novelist.
0141345|Cronkite, Walter (1916- ), an American journalist, became famous as a television newscaster.
0141350|Cronus was the youngest child of Gaea, the earth; and Uranus, the sky, in Greek mythology.
0141380|Crookes, Sir William (1832-1919), was a British chemist and physicist.
0141400|Crookes tube is a type of vacuum tube.
0141460|Crop is a large number of plants of any given kind that are grown for human use.
0141480|Crop insurance provides protection for a farmer's income in case bad weather or other unavoidable natural hazards cause crop losses.
0141500|Cropping system is a method of growing crops and producing high yields without weakening the soil.
0141520|Croquet is a popular outdoor lawn game in which the players use mallets to hit balls through narrow arches called wickets.
0141560|Crosby, Bing (1903-1977), was a popular American singer and motion-picture star.
0141600|Cross is the most common symbol of Christianity.
0141640|Cross-country is a type of long-distance racing.
0141740|Cross-reference is a method used in books, indexes, library catalogs, and filing systems to direct attention to additional information about a subject in another part of the book or index.
0141760|Crossbill is the name of several species of small birds.
0141780|Crossbow was a weapon used for shooting arrows, especially during the Middle Ages.
0141880|Crossword puzzle is a popular word game.
0141920|Croton is the name of a group of tropical shrubs or small trees.
0141960|Croup is an inflammation of the air passages of the throat and trachea (windpipe).
0142020|Crow is a type of large, black bird that lives in all parts of the world except Antarctica, New Zealand, and South America.
0142040|Crow Indians are a tribe of the northern Great Plains of the United States.
0142090|Crowfoot (1830-1890), a Canadian Blackfoot Indian chief, prevented his people from joining the North West Rebellion against the Canadian government.
0142140|Crown is a British coin worth 25 pence, or one-fourth of a pound sterling.
0142160|Crown is a circular ornament worn on or around the head as a symbol of authority, merit, or distinction.
0142300|Cruikshank, George (1792-1878), an English artist, became famous for his caricatures and illustrations.
0142320|Cruiser is a large warship used to escort aircraft carriers and for independent operations with destroyers.
0142330|Crumb, George (1929- ), is an American composer known for his innovative and highly individual works.
0142340|Crusades were Christian military expeditions organized mainly to recapture Palestine during the Middle Ages.
0142360|Crustacean is an invertebrate animal with many jointed legs and a hard external shell.
0142420|Cryobiology is the study of how extremely low temperatures affect living things.
0142440|Cryogenics is the study of extremely low temperatures.
0142520|Crypt is an underground room or vault.
0142600|Crystal is a solid that is composed of atoms arranged in an orderly pattern.
0142760|Ctenophore is a small transparent sea animal that lives in all the oceans of the world.
0142775|Cuauhtemoc, (1495?-1525), was the last Aztec Indian ruler of Mexico.
0142820|Cuba is an island country in the West Indies, about 90 miles (140 kilometers) south of Florida.
0142840|Cuban missile crisis occurred in October 1962 when the United States learned that the Soviet Union had secretly installed missiles in Cuba, about 90 miles (140 kilometers) from Florida.
0142860|Cube, in geometry, is a solid bounded by six square faces of equal size.
0142880|Cube root is one of three equal factors of a number (see FACTOR ).
0142900|Cubeb is the dried, unripe berry of a climbing vine belonging to the pepper family.
0142940|Cubism was the most influential movement in the history of modern art.
0142960|Cubit is a measure of length used by several early civilizations.
0142980|Cuchulainn, also spelled Cuchulain, is a great hero of Irish mythology and folklore.
0143000|Cuckoo is any one of a group of related birds found throughout most of the world.
0143010|Cuckoo-shrike is the name of a family of about 70 species of songbirds.
0143020|Cucumber is a common garden vegetable native to southern Asia, but cultivated as an annual in many parts of the world.
0143040|Cud is a small mass of food that animals called ruminants bring up from their stomachs for a second chewing.
0143060|Cudahy, Michael (1841-1910), an American meat packer, developed and introduced cold-storage facilities in packing plants.
0143100|Cuenca, (pop. 227,212), is a city in the Andes Mountains of southern Ecuador.
0143120|Cuernavaca, (pop. 281,294), is the capital of the state of Morelos in Mexico.
0143200|Cuffe, Paul (1759-1817), an American seaman and merchant, encouraged the colonizing of blacks in Sierra Leone, Africa, after sailing there in 1810.
0143240|Cuisenaire Method is a teaching system designed to help students discover basic mathematical principles by themselves.
0143250|Cukor, George (1899-1983), was an American motion-picture director.
0143310|Cullen, Countee, (1903-1946), was a black poet and novelist known for his lyrical poetry.
0143370|Cult is the term commonly used for a new religious group devoted to a living leader and committed to a fixed set of teachings and practices.
0143400|Cultural lag is the failure of certain parts of a culture to keep up with other, related parts.
0143420|Culture is a term used by social scientists for a way of life.
0143440|Culture, in biology, is a growth of microorganisms or cells produced under controlled conditions in a laboratory.
0143520|Cumberland Gap is a natural pass in the Appalachian Mountains, near the meeting point of Kentucky, Tennessee, and Virginia.
0143540|Cumberland Mountains, part of the Appalachian Mountain system, extend across part of eastern Tennessee and Kentucky, and form the boundary between Virginia and Kentucky.
0143560|Cumberland River, a branch of the Ohio River, rises in the Cumberland Mountains in eastern Kentucky.
0143590|Cumin is a small herb grown for its fruit.
0143600|Cummings, E. E. (1894-1962), was one of the most innovative poets in American literature.
0143640|Cunard, Sir Samuel (1787-1865), founded the Cunard line of steamships.
0143680|Cuneiform was a system of writing used by the people of ancient Middle Eastern civilizations.
0143700|Cunha, Euclides da (1866-1909), a Brazilian newspaper reporter, wrote perhaps the greatest work in Brazilian literature.
0143750|Cunningham, Merce (1919- ), is an American dancer and choreographer (dance creator).
0143770|Cuomo, Mario Matthew (1932- ), gained national attention as the governor of New York.
0143780|Cupid was the god of love in Roman mythology.
0143810|Cuquenan Falls, also spelled Kukenaam, is one of the highest waterfalls in the world.
0143820|Curacao is the largest island of the Netherlands Antilles--two groups of islands in the West Indies.
0143840|Curare is the name for various substances used as arrow poison by Indians in South America.
0143860|Curassow is the name of a group of large birds that live in forests of tropical America.
0143940|Curfew is the time of day which once brought with it evening and the end of work.
0143950|Curia regis was a group that helped kings govern during the Middle Ages.
0143960|Curie is a unit of radioactivity.
0143980|Curie, Marie Sklodowska, (1867-1934), was a French physicist who became famous for her research on radioactivity.
0143985|Curie, Pierre, (1859-1906), was a French physicist known for his work in radioactivity.
0144020|Curium is an artificially created radioactive element.
0144040|Curlew is a long-legged bird that is related to sandpipers and snipes.
0144050|Curley, James Michael (1874-1958), a colorful American politician, was best known as mayor of Boston.
0144060|Curling is a game played on a level sheet of ice sprayed with water droplets.
0144080|Curly-coated retriever is a dog trained to bring back game that has been shot.
0144100|Currant is a small berry that grows on a low, bushy shrub.
0144180|Curriculum, generally refers to the teaching and learning experiences provided by a school.
0144220|Currier and Ives was an American firm that specialized in publishing lithographs.
0144240|Curry is a blend of spices that is used to flavor a variety of fish, meat, vegetable, and grain dishes.
0144260|Curry, Jabez Lamar Monroe (1825-1903), an American statesman and educator, worked for 60 years to make education possible for all black and white children in the South.
0144280|Curry, John Steuart (1897-1946), an American painter, became famous for his dramatic scenes of Midwestern rural life.
0144340|Curtis, Charles (1860-1936), served as 31st Vice President of the United States under President Herbert Hoover.
0144380|Curtis, Cyrus Hermann Kotzschmar (1850-1933), an American publisher, founded the Curtis Publishing Company in 1890.
0144460|Curtiss, Glenn Hammond (1878-1930), an American inventor, made important contributions to the development of aircraft.
0144520|Curzon Line was the eastern boundary of Poland proposed by the Allies in 1919, after World War I.
0144560|Cusco, (pop. 255,300), also spelled Cuzco, is a city in the Andes Mountains in southern Peru.
0144580|Cuscus is a possum that lives on the northern tip of Australia and in New Guinea and nearby islands.
0144600|Cushing, Harvey (1869-1939), an American physician and surgeon, was one of the world's greatest brain surgeons.
0144680|Custer, George Armstrong (1839-1876), was a United States Army officer who won fame as a Civil War general and an Indian fighter in the West.
0144740|Custom is a practice or a way of doing things that has been handed down from one generation to the next.
0144750|Customs are duties paid to a nation's government on items that people bring in from another country.
0144790|Customs Service, United States, is an agency of the Department of the Treasury that assesses and collects taxes on imported merchandise.
0144800|Customs union is an association of two or more countries to encourage trade.
0144920|Cutlassfish is a type of saltwater fish with a long, slender body that tapers to a hairlike tail.
0145000|Cuttlefish is a mollusk (soft boneless animal) in the same class as the squid.
0145020|Cutworm is the caterpillar of certain dull-colored, night-flying moths.
0145040|Cuvier, Baron (1769-1832), was a French naturalist who studied comparative anatomy, a branch of zoology that compares the differences and similarities in the body structure of different animals.
0145100|Cyanide is the name given to metal salts containing the CN group (a carbon atom linked to a nitrogen atom).
0145160|Cyanosis is a medical condition involving a bluish tint of the skin and mucous membranes.
0145200|Cybernetics, is the study of control and communication in machines and animals.
0145220|Cycad is a large subtropical and tropical seed plant.
0145260|Cyclamen is the name of a group of attractive plants that grow wild in the Mediterranean region of Europe.
0145340|Cyclone is a low-pressure area in the atmosphere in which winds spiral inward.
0145420|Cyclops, in Greek mythology, was any member of a race of giants with one eye in the middle of the forehead.
0145450|Cyclosporine is a drug that fights the rejection of transplanted body tissues and organs.
0145540|Cylinder, in geometry, is a solid figure with two identical bases that lie on parallel planes.
0145580|Cymbal is a brass percussion instrument shaped like a broad-brimmed hat.
0145680|Cynic philosophy was established in the 300's B.C. by Antisthenes, a disciple of Socrates.
0145740|Cypress is any one of a group of evergreen trees and shrubs that grow in North America, Europe, and Asia.
0145780|Cyprus is an island country in the northeast corner of the Mediterranean Sea.
0145800|Cyrano de Bergerac, Savinien de, (1619-1655), was a French author and soldier.
0145840|Cyril of Alexandria, Saint (378?-444), was the most outstanding Christian theologian of the early 400's.
0145900|Cyrus the Great, ( ? -530 B.C.), founded the Persian Empire about 550 B.C.
0145940|Cyst is a sac in the body that contains fluid and has no outside opening.
0145980|Cystic fibrosis, often abbreviated as CF and also called mucoviscidosis, is a common hereditary disease in which the cells of certain glands in the body secrete large amounts of abnormally thick mucus.
0146080|Czar, also spelled tsar, was the title used by the emperors of Russia.
0146100|Czech Republic is a country in central Europe.
0146120|Czechoslovakia was a country in central Europe from 1918 until 1992.
0146140|Czerny, Karl (1791-1857), was an Austrian composer, teacher, and pianist.
0146170|D is the fourth letter of our alphabet.
0146180|D-day is the term for a secret date on which a military operation is to begin.
0146190|Da Nang, (pop. 370,670), is one of the largest cities in Vietnam.
0146260|Dachau was the first permanent concentration camp set up in Germany by the Nazis.
0146280|Dachshund is a dog known for its long, low-slung body and short legs.
0146330|Dadaism, a protest movement in the arts, was formed in 1916 by a group of artists and poets in Zurich, Switzerland.
0146340|Daddy longlegs is a popular name in North America for a harmless, long-legged creature related to the spider.
0146380|Daedalus, in Greek mythology, was a skilled Athenian craftsman and inventor.
0146400|Daffodil is a type of garden flower with petals surrounding a cup-shaped center.
0146460|Da Gama, Vasco, (1469?-1524), was a Portuguese sea captain and explorer.
0146480|Dagger is a small, handheld weapon with a short, pointed blade.
0146540|Daguerre, Louis Jacques Mande, (1787-1851), a French stage designer and painter, introduced the first popular form of photography.
0146560|Daguerreotype was the first practical, popular method of photography.
0146590|Dahl, Roald (1916-1990), was a famous British writer best known as an author of children's books.
0146600|Dahlia is the name of a popular group of flowers cultivated from the original dahlia of Mexico.
0146700|Daimler, Gottlieb, (1834-1900), a German engineer, developed an internal-combustion engine light enough to power an automobile.
0146760|Dairying is the branch of agriculture concerned with the production of milk, butter, evaporated milk, ice cream, cheese, and dried milk products.
0146780|Daisy is a name given to many flowers.
0146800|Dakar, (pop. 1,447,642), is the capital and largest city of Senegal and the westernmost city on the mainland of Africa.
0146880|Daladier, Edouard, (1884-1970), as premier of France, reluctantly signed the Munich Agreement in 1938.
0146900|Dalai Lama is the leader of the Yellow Hat, the chief Buddhist sect of Tibet.
0146910|Daley, Richard Joseph (1902-1976), a Democrat, was mayor of Chicago from 1955 until his death in 1976.
0146940|Dali, Salvador (1904-1989), was a famous surrealist painter.
0146960|Dallapiccola, Luigi, (1904-1975), was an Italian composer.
0146980|Dallas is the second largest city in Texas and is located in the heart of one of the fastest growing metropolitan areas in the United States.
0147000|Dallas, George Mifflin (1792-1864), served as Vice President of the United States from 1845 to 1849 under President James K. Polk.
0147020|Dalles are deep gorges where rivers flow rapidly over, or have cut through, hard rock or slabs.
0147040|Dallin, Cyrus Edwin (1861-1944), an American sculptor, used American Indian life as the theme for many of his greatest works.
0147080|Dalmatian is a medium-sized dog.
0147100|Dalton, John (1766-1844), an English chemist, proposed an atomic theory of matter that became a basic theory of modern chemistry.
0147180|Dam is a barrier placed across a river to stop the flow of water.
0147200|Damages, in law, means money that a court orders one person to pay to another person for violating that person's rights or for breaking a contract.
0147240|Damascus, (pop. 1,200,000), is the capital and largest city of Syria.
0147260|Damask is a firm, lustrous fabric that may be woven from any fiber.
0147290|D'Amboise, Jacques, (1934- ), an American dancer, won fame as a featured performer with the New York City Ballet.
0147320|Damien de Veuster, Joseph (1840-1889), was a Roman Catholic priest who gave his life to the care of lepers in a colony at Molokai, Hawaii.
0147340|Damocles was a member of the court of Dionysius II, who ruled Syracuse, Sicily, from 367 to 344 B.C.
0147360|Damon and Pythias were two noble youths in Greek legend.
0147380|Damp is any of several dangerous gases found mostly in coal mines.
0147390|Dampier, William (1651-1715), was an English seaman and explorer.
0147400|Damping-off is a plant disease caused by certain fungi that live near the surface of the soil (see FUNGI ).
0147421|Damrosch, Leopold (1832-1885), a German-born conductor, was an influential figure in American music.
0147422|Damrosch, Walter Johannes (1862-1950), was an American composer, conductor, and music educator.
0147460|Dana, Charles Anderson (1819-1897), editor and part owner of the New York Sun, built it into one of the most important newspapers of its time.
0147520|Dana, Richard Henry, Jr. (1815-1882), was an American author known for his sea adventure story Two Years Before the Mast (1840).
0147640|Dancing is an act of moving the body in rhythm, usually in time to music.
0147660|Dandelion is a bright-yellow wild flower that grows in lawns and meadows.
0147680|Dandie Dinmont terrier is a dog that got its name from a book.
0147700|Dandruff is a condition in which flakes of dead skin are shed from the scalp.
0147800|Daniel, Book of, is a book of the Bible.
0147820|Daniel-Rops, Henri, (1901-1965), was the pen name of Henri-Jules Periot, a French author and religious historian.
0147920|D'Annunzio, Gabriele, (1863-1938), was an Italian author and political figure.
0147940|Dante Alighieri, (1265-1321), an Italian author, was one of the greatest poets of the Middle Ages.
0147965|Danton, Georges-Jacques, (1759-1794), was a great leader of the French Revolution.
0147980|Danube River is the second longest river in Europe.
0148020|Daphne was a nymph in Greek mythology.
0148080|Dar es Salaam, (pop. 870,020), is the capital and largest city of Tanzania, and a chief seaport in eastern Africa.
0148120|Dardanelles is a strait that joins the Aegean Sea with the Sea of Marmara.
0148140|Dare, Virginia (1587- ? ), was the first English child born in America.
0148180|Dario, Ruben, (1867-1916), was the pen name of Felix Ruben Garcia Sarmiento, one of the most important poets to write in Spanish.
0148201|Darius I, (550?-486 B.C.), ruled the Persian Empire from 522 B.C. until his death.
0148203|Darius III, (380?-330 B.C.), was the last of the Achaemenid kings of Persia.
0148240|Darjeeling, (pop. 57,603), is the summer capital of the state of West Bengal in eastern India.
0148260|Dark Ages is a term once used to describe the Middle Ages, especially the early Middle Ages, which lasted from the A.D. 400's to the 900's.
0148330|Dark matter is the invisible substance that makes up most of the mass of galaxies and clusters of galaxies.
0148340|Darling, Ding (1876-1962), was an American editorial cartoonist.
0148460|Darrow, Clarence Seward (1857-1938), was the most famous American lawyer of the early 1900's.
0148500|Darter is any of about 150 species of small freshwater fish belonging to the perch family.
0148560|Dartmouth (pop. 67,798) is the second largest city in Nova Scotia.
0148580|Dartmouth College is a private coeducational liberal arts school in Hanover, New Hampshire.
0148600|Dartmouth College case, also called Dartmouth College v. Woodward, upheld the constitutional freedom from unreasonable government interference with contracts.
0148620|Darts is a game in which the players throw darts at a target called a dartboard.
0148640|Darwin (pop. 78,139) is the capital and largest city of the Northern Territory of Australia.
0148660|Darwin, Charles Robert (1809-1882), was a British naturalist who became famous for his theories on evolution.
0148700|Daschle, Tom (1947- ), a South Dakota Democrat, became minority leader in the United States Senate in 1995.
0148830|Database is a body of information made up of individual items that are organized so that they can be reviewed in a variety of ways.
0148885|Date palm is the tree that produces dates.
0148900|Datura is the name of a group of poisonous plants that includes jimsonweed and angel's trumpet.
0148920|Daudet, Alphonse, (1840-1897), is sometimes called the French Dickens.
0148940|Daugherty, James Henry (1889-1974), was an American artist and author of children's books.
0148980|Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR) is an organization of women directly descended from people who helped establish American independence.
0149000|Daughters of the Confederacy, United, is an organization of women directly descended from members of the army and navy of the Confederacy.
0149060|D'Aulaire is the family name of a husband and wife who wrote and illustrated children's books.
0149080|Daumier, Honore, (1808-1879), was a French artist and one of the most influential social critics of the 1800's.
0149100|Dauphin was the official title from 1349 to 1830 of the oldest son of the king of France.
0149170|Davenant, Sir William (1606-1668), was an English playwright.
0149180|Davenport (pop. 95,333; met. area pop. 350,861) is one of the largest cities in Iowa.
0149200|David (1030?-965? B.C.) was the second king of Israel and one of the greatest figures in the history of the Jews.
0149220|David was the name of two kings of Scotland.
0149260|David, Jacques Louis, (1748-1825), was the leading French painter during the French Revolution and the Napoleonic era.
0149280|David, Saint (520?-589?), is the patron saint of Wales.
0149360|Davidson, Jo (1883-1952), an American portrait sculptor, created heads of many famous people.
0149400|Davies, Arthur Bowen (1862-1928), was an American painter and illustrator.
0149430|Davies, Robertson (1913- ), is a Canadian novelist, playwright, and journalist.
0149460|Davis, Benjamin Oliver, Jr. (1912- ), was a United States Air Force officer.
0149470|Davis, Bette (1908-1989), was an American motion-picture actress known for her portrayals of strong-willed women.
0149480|Davis, David (1815-1886), an American judge and statesman, helped his close friend Abraham Lincoln obtain the nomination for President in 1860.
0149530|Davis, Henry Gassaway (1823-1916), was the Democratic candidate for Vice President of the United States in 1904.
0149540|Davis, Jefferson (1808-1889), served as president of the Confederate States of America during the Civil War.
0149550|Davis, John (1543-1605), also spelled Davys, an English mariner and explorer, was the first European to discover what is now Davis Strait, between Greenland and Canada.
0149560|Davis, John William (1873-1955), a famous American constitutional lawyer, was the unsuccessful Democratic candidate for the presidency of the United States in 1924.
0149570|Davis, Miles (1926-1991), was one of the most influential American jazz trumpeters and bandleaders in jazz history.
0149590|Davis, Paulina Wright (1813-1876), was an American social reformer.
0149600|Davis, Richard Harding (1864-1916), was an American writer best known as a war correspondent.
0149620|Davis, Samuel (1842-1863), a Confederate spy, was called the Boy Hero of the Confederacy.
0149640|Davis, Stuart (1894-1964), was an American painter and illustrator.
0149700|Davis Cup is a silver bowl trophy awarded each year to the nation that wins the world's men's tennis championship.
0149740|Davy, Sir Humphry (1778-1829), an English chemist, rose to fame as inventor of the miner's safety lamp.
0149760|Davy Jones, in sailors' folklore, is the wicked spirit who rules over the souls in the ocean deep.
0149800|Dawes, Charles Gates (1865-1951), a Republican, served as Vice President of the United States from 1925 to 1929 under President Calvin Coolidge.
0149840|Dawes Plan was a program designed to help Germany pay its World War I reparations (payments for damages).
0149882|Dawson, George Mercer (1849-1901), was a Canadian geologist and the son of the geologist Sir John William Dawson.
0149885|Dawson, Sir John William (1820-1899), was a Canadian geologist and educator.
0149900|Day. While the earth travels through space around the sun, it also spins on its own axis.
0149920|Day, Benjamin Henry (1810-1889), founded the first successful "penny paper," the New York Sun, in 1833.
0149940|Day, Clarence (1874-1935), was an American writer.
0149950|Day, Dorothy (1897-1980), was an American journalist and cofounder of the Catholic Workers, a Roman Catholic movement that supports social reform and opposes war.
0149955|Day care is a service in which children or dependent adults are cared for while the person who normally cares for them cannot do so.
0149990|Day-Lewis, Cecil (1904-1972), was an Irish-born English poet and novelist.
0150000|Day lily is a type of plant with yellow or orange funnel-shaped flowers, each of which lives only a single day.
0150050|Dayaks are a group of people most of whom live in Sarawak, eastern Malaysia.
0150055|Dayan, Moshe, (1915-1981), was an Israeli military hero and political leader.
0150080|Daye, Stephen (1594?-1668), with his son Matthew, set up and operated the first printing office in what is now the United States.
0150145|Daylight saving time is a plan in which clocks are set one hour ahead of standard time for a certain period, so that darkness comes an hour later.
0150180|Dayton (pop. 182,044; met. area pop. 951,270) is a leading manufacturing center in Ohio.
0150200|Dayton, Jonathan (1760-1824), a New Jersey political leader, was the youngest signer of the Constitution of the United States.
0150230|Dayton, William Lewis (1807-1864), was the Republican candidate for Vice President of the United States in 1856.
0150240|Daytona Beach, Fla. (pop. 61,921; met. area pop. 399,413), a resort city, lies on the Atlantic Ocean and the Halifax River.
0150320|DDT is an insecticide that has been widely used on crops for pest control.
0150375|Deacon is one of the classes or ranks of Christian clergy.
0150420|Dead Sea is a saltwater lake in southwestern Asia.
0150440|Dead Sea Scrolls are ancient manuscripts from Palestine.
0150560|Deafness is usually defined as the inability to hear and understand speech.
0150580|Dean, Dizzy (1911-1974), was one of baseball's greatest pitchers and most colorful personalities.
0150590|Dean, James (1931-1955), was an American motion-picture actor.
0150620|Deane, Silas (1737-1789), was an early American diplomat.
0150640|De Angeli, Marguerite Lofft (1889-1987), was an American author and illustrator of children's books.
0150660|Dearborn, Mich. (pop. 89,286), is the home of the headquarters and main plants of the Ford Motor Company.
0150680|Dearborn, Henry (1751-1829), was an American soldier and political leader.
0150700|Death is the end of life.
0150780|Death Valley lies chiefly in east-central California.
0150805|Death Valley National Park lies chiefly in California.
0150820|Death's-head moth is a large moth with a thick, hairy body.
0150840|Deathwatch is a name given to several kinds of small brownish beetles that communicate by knocking their heads against wood.
0150850|DeBakey, Michael Ellis (1908- ), an American surgeon, won fame for his work with the heart and for his contributions to techniques used to replace damaged blood vessels, including the coronary bypass operation.
0150860|Debate is a series of formal spoken arguments for and against a definite proposition.
0150900|Deborah was a Biblical prophetess of Israel in the period of the Judges, the 1100's B.C.
0150920|Debrecen, (pop. 211,823), is a commercial and industrial city in eastern Hungary.
0150930|De Broglie, Louis Victor, (1892-1987), was a French physicist who won the 1929 Nobel Prize in physics for his theory of the wave nature of electrons.
0150940|Debs, Eugene Victor (1855-1926), was a colorful and eloquent spokesman for the American labor movement and for socialism.
0150960|Debt is anything owed, especially a sum of money that one person owes to another.
0151000|Debussy, Claude (1862-1918), was an important French composer.
0151020|Debye, Peter Joseph William (1884-1966), a Dutch physicist and chemist, won the 1936 Nobel Prize in chemistry for studies of the physical properties of molecules.
0151040|Decal is the process of transferring printed designs, letters, or pictures from specially prepared paper onto various surfaces.
0151140|Decathlon is a two-day contest in 10 events to determine an all-around track and field champion.
0151160|Decatur (pop. 83,885; met. area pop. 117,206) is an industrial city located in a rich farming region of central Illinois.
0151180|Decatur, Stephen (1779-1820), was one of the most daring officers in the United States Navy during its early years.
0151200|Decay is the process by which dead animal or dead plant matter is broken down to simple compounds.
0151260|December is the twelfth and last month of the year according to the Gregorian calendar, which is used in almost all the world today.
0151340|Decibel is a unit used in comparing sound pressure, voltage, power, and other related acoustical and electrical quantities.
0151360|Deciduous tree is the name for any tree that loses its leaves at a certain time each year and later grows new leaves.
0151380|Decillion is a thousand nonillions, or a unit with 33 zeros, in the United States and France.
0151420|Decimal system is a way of writing numbers.
0151520|Declaration of Independence is the historic document in which the American Colonies declared their freedom from Britain.
0151580|Declension is a listing of the different case forms of a noun or pronoun.
0151640|Decomposition, in chemistry is the breaking down of a substance into simpler products, or into the elements of which it is composed.
0151740|Decorative arts is a term used to designate a variety of categories including furniture, woodwork, and glass.
0151770|Decoupage is the art of using paper cutouts to decorate furniture and such accessories as boxes, lamps, plaques, and trays.
0151800|Deductive method is the process of reasoning by which we draw conclusions by logical inference from given premises.
0151840|Deed is a written document to transfer ownership of real estate.
0151860|Deep refers to any ocean area that has a depth of more than 18,000 feet (5,490 meters).
0151960|Deer are the only animals with bones called antlers on their heads.
0151980|Deer fly is an insect related to horse flies.
0152020|Deere, John (1804-1886), was an American inventor and manufacturer.
0152180|Defense, Department of, is an executive department of the United States government.
0152320|Defoe, Daniel (1660-1731), was an English novelist and journalist.
0152330|De Forest, John William (1826-1906), was an American novelist.
0152340|De Forest, Lee (1873-1961), was an American inventor who pioneered in the technology of radio and television.
0152360|Degas, Edgar (1834-1917), was a French impressionist painter.
0152400|De Gaulle, Charles Andre Joseph Marie (1890-1970), became the outstanding French patriot, soldier, and statesman of the 1900's.
0152450|De Grasse, Francois Joseph Paul, (1722-1788), also known as Comte (Count) de Grasse, was a French admiral.
0152460|Degree is a name given to various small units of measure.
0152480|Degree, College. A university or college awards a degree to a person who has completed a required course of study.
0152520|De Hooch, Pieter, (1629-1684?), was a Dutch painter noted for his charming scenes of middle-class life.
0152530|Dehumidifier is a device that removes moisture from the air.
0152540|Dehydrated food is food that has been preserved by drying.
0152550|Dehydration is a condition characterized by the excessive loss of water from the body.
0152570|Deighton, Len (1929- ), is an English author known for espionage and war novels.
0152600|Deism is a religious and philosophic belief.
0152670|Dekker, Thomas (1572?-1632?), brought to Elizabethan popular literature a fresh emphasis on the life of his day.
0152675|De Klerk, Frederik Willem, (1936- ), was head of South Africa's government from 1989 to 1994.
0152680|De Kooning, Willem (1904- ), is a leading abstract expressionist artist.
0152740|Delacroix, Eugene, (1798-1863), was the chief representative of the romantic style of painting in France.
0152790|De la Madrid Hurtado, Miguel, (1934- ), served as president of Mexico from 1982 to 1988.
0152800|De La Mare, Walter (1873-1956), was an English author noted for his romantic works for both adults and children.
0152810|Delany, Martin Robinson (1812-1885), was a black American army officer, physician, journalist, and social reformer.
0152820|De la Roche, Mazo, (1879-1961), became one of the most popular novelists in Canadian literature.
0152860|Delaware is the second smallest state of the United States.
0152900|Delaware, University of, is a coeducational university at Newark, Del.
0152920|Delaware Bay is a large inlet of the Atlantic Ocean.
0152940|Delaware Indians is the English name of a tribe that lived in what are now Delaware, New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania.
0152960|Delaware River rises in southern New York and flows southward for about 300 miles (480 kilometers) before emptying into Delaware Bay.
0153020|Delaware Water Gap is a deep, narrow gorge (valley) cut through the Kittatinny Mountains east of Stroudsburg, Pa.
0153025|De La Warr, Lord (1577-1618), became the first governor of the Virginia colony.
0153060|Delegate is a representative chosen by a group to speak or act in its interests.
0153100|De Lesseps, Ferdinand Marie (1805-1894), was a French canal builder and diplomat.
0153120|Delft (pop. 86,278) is a Dutch town located near The Hague.
0153130|Delft is a type of earthenware that was made in the late 1500's and flourished into the mid-1700's.
0153140|Delgado, Jose Matias, (1767-1832), a Salvadoran priest and patriot, is called the father of his country.
0153160|Delhi, (pop. 7,206,704; met. area pop. 8,375,188), is the second largest city in India.
0153170|Delhi Sultanate was a Muslim empire that controlled much of what is now Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan from 1206 to 1526.
0153200|Delibes, Leo (1836-1891), was a French composer of works for the stage.
0153220|Delilah, in the Old Testament, was the Philistine mistress of Samson, the Israelite folk hero famed for his tremendous strength.
0153260|Delirium tremens, often called the DT's, is a nervous and mental disturbance that results from acute alcoholism.
0153280|Delius, Frederick (1862-1934), was an English composer.
0153330|Della Robbia, Luca (1399?-1482), was an Italian sculptor of the early Renaissance.
0153340|Dello Joio, Norman (1913- ), is an American composer.
0153390|Deloria, Vine, Jr. (1933- ), is a leader in the fight for Indian rights in the United States.
0153410|De los Angeles, Victoria (1923- ), a Spanish lyric soprano, won international acclaim as an opera singer, a recitalist, and an orchestral soloist.
0153420|Delphi was a town situated on the southern slope of Mount Parnassus.
0153480|Delta is a low plain composed of clay, sand, gravel, and other sediments deposited at the mouth of a river.
0153600|Deluge, according to the Bible, was a great flood that covered the earth thousands of years ago.
0153620|Delusion is a false belief.
0153700|De Maupassant, Guy, (1850-1893), a French author, is considered one of the world's great short-story writers.
0153760|Demeter was a goddess of fertility in Greek mythology.
0153780|De Mille, Agnes (1905-1993), was an American choreographer (creator of dances), dancer, and author.
0153800|De Mille, Cecil Blount (1881-1959), a motion-picture producer and director, became famous for his spectacular Biblical epics.
0153840|Democracy is a form of government, a way of life, a goal or ideal, and a political philosophy.
0153860|Democratic Party is one of the two major political parties of the United States.
0153880|Democratic-Republican Party was a political party established during the 1790's under the leadership of Thomas Jefferson and James Madison.
0153900|Democritus, (460?-370? B.C.), was a Greek philosopher.
0153920|Demography is the study of human populations.
0153945|DeMolay, Order of, is an international organization of young men between the ages of 13 and 21.
0154000|Demosthenes, (384?-322 B.C.), was an Athenian statesman who is usually considered the greatest Greek orator.
0154040|Dempsey, Jack (1895-1983), became one of the most popular heavyweight boxing champions of all time.
0154060|Dempster, Arthur Jeffrey (1886-1950), was an American physicist.
0154100|Demuth, Charles (1883-1935), an American painter, is best known for his still lifes and flower pieces, principally executed in water colors.
0154150|Denali National Park, protects the herds of wild animals that roam in one of the finest wildlife regions in North America.
0154160|Denarius was a silver coin used by the Romans during the periods of the Republic and the Empire.
0154280|Deneb is the brightest star in the constellation Cygnus, or the Swan.
0154290|Deng Xiaoping, (1904- ), also spelled Teng Hsiao-p'ing, is the most influential leader in China.
0154320|Dengue, also called breakbone fever, is a disease that causes fever, headaches and eye aches, and pain in the muscles and joints.
0154360|Denim is a sturdy fabric made from cotton, synthetic fibers, or a blend of both.
0154370|De Niro, Robert (1943- ), is an American motion-picture actor.
0154420|Denmark is a small kingdom in northern Europe that is almost surrounded by water.
0154460|Denominate number, tells the amount of a quantity by giving the number of units and the kind of units that make up the quantity.
0154500|Density is the mass--that is, the amount of matter--in a unit volume of any substance.
0154540|Dent, John Charles (1841-1888), was a Canadian journalist and historian.
0154560|Dental Association, American, is a national organization of dentists.
0154600|Dental hygiene is the science and practice of preventing diseases of the teeth, gums, and other parts of the mouth.
0154700|Dentistry is the art and science of diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases of the teeth, jaws, and surrounding soft tissues of the mouth.
0154740|Denver is the capital of Colorado, and the distribution, manufacturing, and transportation center for the Rocky Mountain region.
0154790|Deodorant is a consumer product or an ingredient designed to reduce, prevent, or cover up unpleasant body odors.
0154800|Deodorizer is a substance or device that eliminates or reduces disagreeable odors.
0154840|De Palma, Ralph (1883-1956), was a pioneer American automobile race driver.
0154900|Department store is a large store that sells many kinds of goods in separate departments under one management.
0154980|Depilatory is a chemical cream or lotion that removes hair.
0155000|Deportation is the action a government takes when it forces an alien to leave the country and return to the place where the alien was born or had lived.
0155100|Deposition, in law, is a witness's testimony that is taken outside of court.
0155140|Depreciation is the loss of value.
0155160|Depressant is the former name for a group of drugs that slow the activity of the nervous system.
0155180|Depression is a deep, extended slump in total business activity.
0155190|Depression is a serious mental disorder in which a person suffers long periods of sadness and other negative feelings.
0155200|Depth charge is a weapon designed to destroy submarines.
0155280|De Quincey, Thomas (1785-1859), was an English essayist.
0155300|Derain, Andre, (1880-1954), was a French artist.
0155320|Derby, or (British) is a stiff felt hat with a dome-shaped crown.
0155340|Derby is a famous horse race begun in 1780 by the Earl of Derby in Epsom, England.
0155400|Derleth, August (1909-1971), was an American author and editor known for his stories of fantasy and the supernatural.
0155460|Dermatitis is an inflammation of the skin that itches or burns.
0155480|Dermatology is the branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of skin diseases.
0155530|Derrida, Jacques (1930- ), a French philosopher, is considered the founder of the deconstruction movement.
0155560|Dervish is a member of one of the mystical religious orders of the Islamic religion.
0155587|DES is a synthetic compound that has the properties of natural estrogens.
0155600|Descartes, Rene, (1596-1650), was a French philosopher, mathematician, and scientist.
0155680|Deseret is a word meaning honey bee in the Book of Mormon.
0155700|Desert is generally thought of as a hot, barren region that receives little rainfall.
0155740|Desertion is the military crime of running away from a military unit, organization, or place of duty with the intention of staying away permanently.
0155760|De Seversky, Alexander Procofieff, (1894-1974), was a pilot, aircraft designer, and military authority.
0155770|De Sica, Vittorio, (1902-1974), was an Italian motion-picture director and actor.
0155820|Design is the organized arrangement of materials to satisfy a functional or artistic purpose.
0155840|De Sitter, Willem, (1872-1934), was a noted Dutch astronomer.
0155850|Desktop publishing is the use of a personal computer to write, illustrate, and lay out high-quality documents.
0155860|De Smet, Pierre Jean (1801-1873), was a Roman Catholic missionary who worked in the American West.
0155880|Des Moines, (pop. 193,187; met. area pop. 392,928), is the capital, largest city, and chief manufacturing center of Iowa.
0155920|De Soto, Hernando (1500?-1542), a Spanish explorer, led the first European expedition to reach the Mississippi River.
0156000|Despotism is a form of government in which the ruler has unlimited power over the people.
0156010|Desprez, Josquin, (1440?-1521), was one of the greatest composers of the Renaissance period.
0156025|Dessalines, Jean-Jacques, (1758-1806), is one of Haiti's national heroes.
0156040|Destroyer is a major warship found in the larger navies of the world.
0156130|Detective story is a work of fiction about a puzzling crime, a number of clues, and a detective who solves the mystery.
0156160|Detergent and soap. A detergent is a substance that cleans soiled surfaces.
0156180|Determinant, in mathematics, is a single number related to a square array (arrangement) of numbers called elements.
0156220|Detonator is a small metal or plastic capsule that contains an easily explodable charge.
0156240|Detroit, Mich., is one of the world's greatest industrial centers.
0156320|Detroit River is one of the most important inland waterways in North America.
0156340|Deucalion was the "Noah" of Greek mythology.
0156360|Deuterium, also called heavy hydrogen, is a stable isotope of hydrogen (see ISOTOPE ).
0156400|Deuteronomy is the name of the fifth book of the Bible, and the last book of the Pentateuch, or Five Books of Moses.
0156440|Deutschland uber Alles, or Germany Over All, became Germany's national anthem in 1922.
0156460|Deutzia is the name of a group of shrubs native to eastern Asia and Central America.
0156480|De Valera, Eamon, (1882-1975), was a leader in Ireland's fight to win independence.
0156490|De Valois, Dame Ninette, (1898- ), founded Britain's Royal Ballet and was its director until her retirement in 1963.
0156500|Devaluation is a measure that a government may take to reduce the value of its currency in terms of foreign currencies.
0156540|Developing country is any of the world's poor, or "have-not," nations.
0156550|Developmental psychology is the study of changes in behavior during a lifetime.
0156580|Devil, according to many religions, is an evil spirit that opposes God or good spirits.
0156620|Devil worship is the practice of worshiping demons or other evil spirits.
0156760|Devil's paintbrush, also called orange hawkweed, is a flowering plant native to Europe.
0156780|Devils Postpile National Monument is in the Sierra National Forest in east-central California.
0156820|Devils Tower National Monument is in northeastern Wyoming.
0156920|Devonian Period, in geology, is a period of the earth's history.
0156940|Devonshire, Duke of (1868-1938), was governor general of Canada from 1916 to 1921.
0156960|De Voto, Bernard Augustine (1897-1955), an American editor and critic, became well known for his histories of the western frontier.
0156980|De Vries, Hugo (1848-1935), a Dutch botanist and student of organic evolution, was known primarily as the author of the mutation theory.
0157020|Dew is the name given to the glistening beads of water that often appear on blades of grass, leaves, and car tops early on clear mornings.
0157040|DEW line, which stands for Distant Early Warning line, was a long-range radar network.
0157060|Dew point is the temperature at which moisture in the air begins to condense.
0157100|Dewberry is a small, oval fruit that grows on a trailing blackberry plant.
0157120|Dewey, George (1837-1917), an American naval officer, won fame as the hero of Manila.
0157140|Dewey, John (1859-1952), was an American philosopher and educator.
0157160|Dewey, Melvil (1851-1931), an American librarian, began the decimal library-classification system (see DEWEY DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION ).
0157200|Dewey, Thomas Edmund (1902-1971), a prosecuting attorney and Republican politician, served as governor of New York from 1943 to 1954.
0157220|Dewey Decimal Classification is the most widely used method of classifying books in a library.
0157260|Dextrin is a sticky substance formed during the chemical breakdown of starch.
0157280|Dextrose is the name used in industry for pure, crystalline glucose sugar.
0157285|Dhaka, (pop. 3,637,892), is the capital, largest city, and commercial and industrial center of Bangladesh.
0157290|Dharma is the moral and religious law of Buddhism and Hinduism.
0157400|Diabetes is the name of two diseases that have the same symptom, excessive urination.
0157440|Diacritical mark is a sign used with letters of the alphabet to show pronunciation or meaning of words.
0157480|Diaghilev, Sergei Pavlovich, (1872-1929), was one of the greatest producers and directors in ballet history.
0157560|Dialect is a variation of a language used by a particular group of speakers.
0157600|Diameter, in geometry, is the length of any straight line segment that passes through the center of a circle or a sphere and touches the figure's boundaries at opposite points.
0157620|Diamond is the hardest naturally occurring substance, and also one of the most valuable natural substances.
0157700|Diana was a goddess in Roman mythology.
0157720|Diaphragm, the large muscle attached to the lower ribs, separates the chest from the abdomen.
0157740|Diarrhea is a condition characterized by loose and frequent bowel movements.
0157760|Diary is a written account of a person's experiences and thoughts, recorded each day or every few days.
0157780|Dias, Bartolomeu (1450?-1500), also spelled Diaz, was a Portuguese sea captain and explorer.
0157860|Diathermy is a method of treating muscle and joint disorders and other diseases by creating heat energy in tissues beneath the skin.
0157880|Diatom is a microscopic, single-celled organism.
0157980|Diaz, Porfirio, (1830-1915), served as president of Mexico from 1877 to 1880 and from 1884 to 1911.
0158020|Dice are small cubes used in such games of chance as craps.
0158060|Dick, Philip K. (1928-1982), was an American science-fiction writer.
0158120|Dickcissel is a small, colorful bird that lives primarily in the central part of the United States.
0158140|Dickens, Charles (1812-1870), was a great English novelist and one of the most popular writers of all time.
0158150|Dickey, James (1923- ), is an American poet and novelist.
0158155|Dickinson, Anna Elizabeth (1842-1932), was an orator of the Civil War period who spoke on abolitionism and women's rights.
0158160|Dickinson, Emily (1830-1886), was an American poet.
0158180|Dickinson, John (1732-1808), represented Delaware at the 1787 Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia and played an important role in drafting the Constitution of the United States.
0158190|Dickson, Brian (1916- ), served as chief justice of the Supreme Court of Canada from 1984 to 1990.
0158240|Dicotyledon is a type of flowering plant that has two cotyledons (leafy parts within each seed).
0158260|Dictating machine is a device that records speech onto a magnetic medium such as a tape or disk.
0158280|Dictatorship is a form of government in which an individual, a committee, or a group holds absolute power.
0158300|Dictionary is a book that contains a selected list of words arranged in alphabetical order.
0158320|Diderot, Denis, (1713-1784), was a major French philosopher of an intellectual movement called the Age of Reason.
0158330|Didion, Joan (1934- ), is an American essayist and novelist.
0158340|Dido, also called Elissa, was the legendary founder and queen of Carthage.
0158400|Die and diemaking. A die is a precision tool used to shape or cut metals or other materials.
0158420|Diefenbaker, John George (1895-1979), served as prime minister of Canada from 1957 to 1963.
0158440|Diego Garcia is an island in the Indian Ocean.
0158520|Dien Bien Phu, Battle of, was fought between Vietnamese Communists, called Vietminh, and France in 1954.
0158580|Diesel, Rudolf (1858-1913), a German mechanical engineer, developed the first internal-combustion engine in which the fuel was ignited without a spark.
0158600|Diesel engine is a type of internal-combustion engine used chiefly for heavy-duty work.
0158640|Diet is the food and drink that a person takes regularly day after day.
0158685|Dietrich, Marlene, (1901?-1992), a German-born actress and singer, became a famous movie star.
0158760|Diffraction is the spreading out of waves--water, sound, light, or any other kind--as they pass by the edge of an obstacle or through an opening.
0158780|Diffusion, in chemistry, is the mixing of the atoms or molecules of one substance with those of another.
0158810|Digestive system is the group of organs that break down food into smaller particles, or molecules, for use in the human body.
0158840|Digitalis is the dried leaves of a common garden flower known as purple foxglove.
0158900|Dik-dik is one of the smallest antelopes.
0158980|Dill is a plant used to increase the flavor of pickles and other foods, including fish, sour cream, and vinegar.
0159000|Dillinger, John Herbert (1903-1934), was one of the most notorious criminals in United States history.
0159080|DiMaggio, Joe (1914- ), was one of the greatest outfielders in baseball history.
0159100|Dime is a United States coin worth 10 cents, or one-tenth of a dollar.
0159230|Dine, Jim (1935- ), is an American artist.
0159240|Dinesen, Isak, (1885-1962), was the pen name of Baroness Karen Blixen-Finecke, a Danish author who wrote in English and Danish.
0159280|Dingo is the wild dog of Australia.
0159290|Dinka are a cattle-herding people of central Africa.
0159295|Dinkins, David Norman (1927- ), became the first African American mayor of New York City.
0159300|Dinoflagellate is a kind of single-celled organism found throughout the oceans and in freshwater lakes and ponds.
0159320|Dinosaur is the name of a group of prehistoric reptiles that ruled the earth for about 160 million years.
0159360|Dinosaur National Monument, located in Utah and Colorado, is a scenic region with spectacular canyons cut by the Green and Yampa rivers.
0159380|Dinwiddie, Robert (1693-1770), was lieutenant governor of Virginia from 1751 to 1758.
0159420|Diocletian, (A.D. 244?-311), ruled Rome as emperor from 284 to 305.
0159480|Diogenes, (412?-323 B.C.), belonged to the Cynic school of ancient Greek philosophy.
0159610|Dionysius the Elder, (430?-367 B.C.), was a Greek tyrant and military leader who ruled in ancient Sicily for almost 40 years.
0159620|Dionysus was the god of wine in Greek mythology.
0159660|Diopside is a widely occurring mineral with a glassy luster.
0159665|Dior, Christian (1905-1957), is considered one of the great French fashion designers of the 1900's.
0159740|Dioxin is any of 75 related chemicals, all of which consist of carbon, chlorine, hydrogen, and oxygen.
0159760|Diphtheria is a severe, contagious infection of the upper respiratory system or the skin.
0159780|Diphthong is the sound produced by pronouncing two vowels as a single syllable.
0159800|Diplodocus was an extremely long, slender, plant-eating dinosaur that lived about 150 million years ago in what is now the Western United States.
0159820|Diplomacy is the means of conducting negotiations between nations.
0159840|Diplomatic corps, consists of all the heads of diplomatic missions, such as ambassadors and ministers, who represent their governments in a foreign nation.
0159900|Dipper is the name of several species of small birds that dive and walk underwater.
0160000|Dirac, Paul Adrien Maurice (1902-1984), a British theoretical physicist, became noted for his mathematical equation describing the behavior of the electron.
0160070|Direct Selling Association is a national trade organization of companies that market goods and services through group demonstrations or person-to-person methods.
0160280|Dirksen, Everett McKinley (1896-1969), a Republican from Illinois, served as minority leader of the United States Senate from 1959 until his death.
0160320|Disabled is a term used to describe people who have a physical or mental impairment that interferes with their ability to lead a happy, productive life.
0160340|Disabled American Veterans (D.A.V.) is an organization of men and women who have been disabled in line of duty during time of war.
0160400|Disaster is a sudden, extremely unfortunate event that affects many people.
0160480|Disciples of Christ is a Protestant denomination in the United States.
0160520|Discount is a term applied in business to a deduction from a stated price or from a payment due at some future date.
0160540|Discount store is a type of store that sells goods to consumers at relatively low prices.
0160580|Discus throw is one of the oldest individual sports.
0160620|Disease is a sickness of the body or the mind.
0160660|Disinfectant is any substance that destroys germs on nonliving objects.
0160680|Dislocation occurs when any part of the body moves from its normal position.
0160700|Dismal Swamp is one of the largest swamps in the United States.
0160740|Disney, Walt (1901-1966), was one of the most famous motion-picture producers in history.
0160830|Displacement behavior refers to any of a variety of activities that seem inappropriate in the situation in which they occur.
0160840|Disraeli, Benjamin (1804-1881), was one of the most important British political leaders of the 1800's.
0160920|Distance is the space between two points.
0160960|Distemper is a contagious disease of dogs and other animals.
0160980|Distillation is a process that separates a substance or a mixture of substances from a solution through vaporization.
0161000|Distilling is a process used in manufacturing various alcoholic beverages, including whiskey, brandy, and rum.
0161100|District attorney is a public official whose chief duties are bringing charges against and prosecuting persons charged with a crime or offense.
0161120|District court is the court in which most federal cases are first heard in the United States.
0161140|District of Columbia (D.C.) is the seat of the U.S. government.
0161170|Disulfiram is a drug used to treat alcoholism (see ALCOHOLISM ).
0161220|Diuretic is a drug or substance that increases the amount of urine discharged by the kidneys.
0161295|Diverticulitis is a common disease of the colon (large intestine).
0161300|Divide is a high place on the land, situated so that the streams on one side flow in the opposite direction to the streams on the other side.
0161340|Divider is a drafting instrument used to divide lines and transfer measurements.
0161360|Divination is the practice of trying to learn about the unknown by magical or supernatural means.
0161370|Divine, Father (1880?-1965), was a black American religious leader and the founder of the Peace Mission Movement.
0161380|Divine Comedy is a beautiful, long epic poem by the Italian writer Dante Alighieri.
0161400|Divine right of kings is the belief that monarchs get their right to rule directly from God, rather than from the consent or wish of their subjects.
0161440|Diving is an exciting water sport that involves plunging head first or feet first into the water.
0161460|Diving, Underwater, is the way people reach the strange and beautiful world beneath the surface of oceans, lakes, and rivers.
0161580|Division (military) is a unit in the armed forces.
0161600|Division is a way of separating a group of things into equal parts.
0161640|Divorce is the legal ending of a marriage.
0161660|Dix, Dorothea Lynde (1802-1887), led the drive to build state hospitals for the mentally ill in the United States.
0161680|Dixie is the name of a famous song especially popular in the Southern United States.
0161700|Dixie, also called Dixieland, is a name often given to the southern part of the United States.
0161720|Dixie Highway is a series of scenic automobile roads that lead from the Straits of Mackinac, at the northern tip of Lake Michigan, to Miami, near the southern end of the peninsula of Florida.
0161740|Dixiecrat Party is the nickname for the States' Rights Democratic Party.
0161780|Dixon, Joseph (1799-1869), was an American inventor and manufacturer.
0161800|Dizziness is a condition in which people feel that their surroundings are whirling about, or that they are falling.
0161840|Djibouti is a small country in northeastern Africa.
0161860|Djibouti, (pop. 317,000), is the capital of Djibouti, a country in northeastern Africa.
0161875|DMSO is a controversial drug used to treat such conditions as arthritis, bursitis, and sprains.
0161890|DNA fingerprinting, also known as DNA profiling, is a technique used to identify criminals through the analysis of genetic material.
0161900|Dnepr River, also spelled Dnipro and Dnyapro, is one of the longest rivers in Europe.
0161940|Dnepropetrovsk, (pop. 1,187,000), is a major industrial city in Ukraine.
0161960|Dnestr River, also spelled Dnister and Nistru, rises in the Carpathian Mountains in western Ukraine.
0162060|Doberman pinscher is a breed of dog that originated in Germany.
0162080|Dobie, J. Frank (1888-1964), an American author and professor, became famous for his writings on the culture of Texas and the Southwest.
0162120|Dock is the water beside a wharf or pier (or between two wharves or piers) in which a ship floats.
0162140|Dock is the name of several species of plants found in many regions worldwide.
0162240|Doctorfish is a tropical fish found in the Atlantic Ocean.
0162250|Doctorow, E. L. (1931- ), is an American novelist.
0162300|Dodd, William Edward (1869-1940), a noted American historian, served as United States ambassador to Germany from 1933 to 1937.
0162320|Dodder is a type of destructive weed found throughout most of the world.
0162340|Dodds, Harold Willis (1889-1980), an American educator, served as president of Princeton University from 1933 to 1957.
0162460|Dodge, Mary Elizabeth Mapes (1831-1905), an American author, wrote Hans Brinker, or, The Silver Skates (1865), a famous children's book about the Netherlands.
0162470|Dodge brothers were two pioneers in automobile manufacturing.
0162480|Dodge City, Kans. (pop. 21,129), was a well-known "Wild West" frontier town.
0162520|Dodo is an extinct, flightless bird related to the pigeon.
0162530|Dodoma, (pop. 45,703), is a city in central Tanzania.
0162600|Doenitz, Karl (1891-1980), a German admiral, became commander in chief of the German fleet in January 1943, during World War II.
0162620|Dog is an animal that has lived with people as a pet for more than 10,000 years, longer than any other animal.
0162640|Dog guide is a dog specially trained to guide a blind person or to alert a hearing-impaired person to important sounds.
0162660|Dog racing, also called greyhound racing, is a sport in which greyhounds compete on an oval track.
0162740|Dogbane is the name of several closely related plants.
0162760|Doge was the title of the rulers of Venice from 697 to 1797.
0162780|Dogfish is a type of small shark that lives in the ocean.
0162840|Dogtooth violet, also called trout lily and adder's tongue, is the name of several spring wild flowers of the United States and Canada.
0162860|Dogwood is the common name for a group of herbs, shrubs, and small trees.
0162880|Doha, also called Ad Dawhah (pop. 217,294), is the capital, largest city, and chief port of Qatar, a country on the Persian Gulf.
0162960|Dolbear, Amos E. (1837-1910), an American inventor and physicist, was one of several people who claimed to have invented the telephone before Alexander Graham Bell did.
0162980|Doldrums is a belt of calms, light breezes, or sudden squalls near the equator, mainly over the oceans.
0163043|Dole, Elizabeth Hanford (1936- ), served as secretary of transportation under President Ronald Reagan from 1983 to 1987.
0163045|Dole, Robert Joseph (1923- ), a Kansas Republican, served in the Congress of the United States from 1961 to 1996.
0163050|Dole, Sanford Ballard (1844-1926), led a group that helped make Hawaii a United States territory.
0163060|Dolin, Sir Anton (1904-1983), became the first internationally famous English male dancer.
0163080|Doll is a child's toy made to look like a human being.
0163100|Dollar is the monetary unit of the United States, Canada, and many other countries.
0163120|Dollar diplomacy seeks to extend a nation's business interests in other countries through superior economic power instead of war.
0163180|Dollhouse is a miniature house filled with tiny furniture and other home furnishings.
0163220|Dolomite is a mineral that serves as the chief source of magnesium obtained from the earth's crust.
0163280|Dolphin is the name of a group of sea animals closely related to whales and porpoises.
0163300|Dolphin is a large game fish that lives in warm salt waters.
0163320|Domagk, Gerhard, (1895-1964), a German physician, identified the therapeutic ability of the chemical prontosil rubrum, the first of the sulfa drugs.
0163340|Dome is a curved roof erected on a circular base, much like a bowl turned upside down.
0163380|Domesday Book was the first official record of the property holders living in England and the amount of land they held.
0163475|Dominance is a form of behavior among individual animals that shows their ability to win aggressive encounters with other animals.
0163510|Domingo, Placido, (1941- ), a Spanish tenor, became one of the most popular opera singers of the 1900's.
0163520|Dominic, Saint (1170?-1221), was a Spanish religious leader.
0163540|Dominica is a small island country in the Caribbean Sea.
0163580|Dominican Republic is the country that makes up the eastern two-thirds of the island of Hispaniola.
0163590|Dominicans are members of a Roman Catholic religious order founded by Saint Dominic of Spain in the early 1200's.
0163680|Dominoes is the name of several games played with small, flat, oblong pieces called dominoes.
0163700|Domitian, (A.D. 51-96), succeeded his brother Titus as Roman emperor in A.D. 81.
0163760|Don Juan, or, in Spanish, is the hero of one of the most famous legends in literature.
0163780|Don Quixote is a novel by Miguel de Cervantes of Spain.
0163800|Don River is an important waterway that is located in southwestern Russia.
0163820|Donatello, (about 1386-1466), was a great Italian sculptor.
0163880|Donetsk, (pop. 1,117,000), is the largest city in the Donets River Basin.
0163900|Donizetti, Gaetano, (1797-1848), was an Italian opera composer.
0163940|Donkey is the name of the domesticated ass.
0163980|Donne, John (1572-1631), was one of the greatest English poets and preachers of the 1600's.
0163990|Donnelly, Ignatius (1831-1901), was an American politician, reformer, and author who helped form the Populist Party.
0164000|Donner Pass cuts through the Sierra Nevada, a mountain range in eastern California.
0164080|Dooley, Thomas Anthony, III (1927-1961), an American physician, became famous in the 1950's as the jungle doctor of Laos.
0164100|Doolittle, Hilda (1886-1961), an American poet, was a leader of the imagism movement in poetry during the early 1900's.
0164120|Doolittle, James Harold (1896-1993), a noted American flier, led the first bombing raid on Tokyo in World War II.
0164280|Doppler effect is the change in frequency of sound, light, or radio waves caused by the relative motion of the source of the waves and their observer.
0164360|Dore, Gustave, (1832-1883), a French painter and sculptor, illustrated a large number of literary masterpieces.
0164380|Dorians were a group of ancient Greeks.
0164420|Dorion, Marie (1790?-1850), an American Indian, became known for her bravery as a member of the Astor Overland Expedition.
0164480|Dormouse is a tiny mammal that looks like a small squirrel.
0164540|Dorr Rebellion was an uprising against the state government of Rhode Island in 1842.
0164640|Dos Passos, John (1896-1970), was an American novelist whose work is dominated by social and political themes.
0164660|Dostoevsky, Fyodor, (1821-1881), was one of the greatest writers in Russian literature.
0164680|Douala, (pop. 1,029,731), is the largest city and chief seaport of Cameroon.
0164800|Doubleday, Abner (1819-1893), was a United States Army officer who was once considered the inventor of baseball.
0164840|Doubloon is a Spanish and Spanish-American gold coin that was widely used in America until the 1800's.
0164880|Doughnut is a round, fried cake with a hole in the center.
0164960|Douglas, Sir James (1803-1877), served as the first governor of the colony of British Columbia, in what is now Canada.
0165020|Douglas, Lloyd Cassel (1877-1951), a Protestant minister, wrote the best-selling novels Magnificent Obsession (1929), The Robe (1942), and The Big Fisherman (1948).
0165030|Douglas, Norman (1868-1952), a British novelist and essayist, is best known for his witty and satirical novel South Wind (1917).
0165060|Douglas, Stephen Arnold (1813-1861), was a popular and skillful American orator and political leader just before the Civil War.
0165080|Douglas, William Orville (1898-1980), served on the Supreme Court of the United States longer than any other justice.
0165120|Douglas-fir is one of the largest and most valuable timber trees in the world.
0165160|Douglass, Frederick (1818?-1895), was the leading spokesman of African Americans in the 1800's.
0165180|Doukhobors, also spelled Dukhobors, belong to a Christian sect in western Canada.
0165200|Doum palm, also spelled doom palm, grows in Arabia, Upper Egypt, and Central Africa.
0165240|Dove is a name that refers to the smaller members of the pigeon and dove family.
0165260|Dove, Arthur Garfield (1880-1946), was one of the earliest abstract painters in the United States.
0165280|Dove, Rita (1952- ), an American poet, won the 1987 Pulitzer Prize for Thomas and Beulah (1986).
0165300|Dover, Del. (pop. 27,630; met. area pop. 110,993), is the state capital and the commercial center of a large rural area.
0165320|Dover is an English town on the Strait of Dover.
0165340|Dover, Strait of, is a narrow channel that connects the English Channel and the North Sea and separates England and France at their closest points.
0165360|Dow, Herbert Henry (1866-1930), was an early leader in the United States chemical industry.
0165420|Dow Jones averages are statistics that show the trend of prices of stocks and bonds.
0165440|Dower is a wife's right to a share of her deceased husband's real property (real estate).
0165480|Dowland, John (1563-1626), was an English composer during the Renaissance.
0165585|Down syndrome, formerly called Mongolism, is a disorder that is present at birth.
0165660|Doyle, Sir Arthur Conan (1859-1930), a British writer, created Sherlock Holmes, the world's best-known detective.
0165680|D'Oyly Carte, Richard (1844-1901), an English theater manager, produced all but the first of the 14 operettas written by Sir William S. Gilbert and Sir Arthur S. Sullivan.
0165730|Drabble, Margaret (1939- ), is an English novelist.
0165740|Drachma is a nickel-brass coin that is the monetary unit of Greece.
0165760|Draco was a Greek lawmaker who introduced the first written code of law in ancient Athens in 621 B.C.
0165800|Dracula, a novel by the English author Bram Stoker, is the most famous vampire story of all time.
0165820|Draft is a written order drawn by one party, directing a second party to pay a definite amount of money to a third party.
0165840|Draft, Military, also called conscription, is a system of selecting men for required military service.
0165940|Drago, Luis Maria (1859-1921), an Argentine statesman and jurist, supported the principle that became known as the Drago Doctrine.
0165960|Dragon is a legendary beast in the folklore of many European and Asian cultures.
0166000|Dragonfly is a beautiful flying insect.
0166040|Drainage is the removal of excess water from the soil.
0166120|Drake, Sir Francis (1543?-1596), an explorer and military commander, was the first Englishman to sail around the world.
0166220|Drama is an art form that tells a story through the speech and actions of the characters in the story.
0166240|Dramamine is the G. D. Searle Company's trade name for a drug used to prevent motion sickness, and to control nausea and vomiting in certain illnesses.
0166320|Dravidians were among the earliest known inhabitants of India.
0166380|Drawing is the act of making a design or image, using line or tone, on any suitable surface.
0166410|Drayton, Michael (1563-1631), was an English poet who experimented with many literary forms.
0166440|Dream is a story that a person "watches" or appears to take part in during sleep.
0166480|Dred Scott Decision was an important ruling by the Supreme Court of the United States on the issue of slavery.
0166500|Dredging is the work of clearing out the bottom of rivers, harbors, and other bodies of water so that ships can use them.
0166520|Dreiser, Theodore (1871-1945), ranks as the foremost American writer in the naturalism movement (a pessimistic form of realism).
0166560|Dresden (pop. 490,571) is one of the largest cities in Germany and a major European art center.
0166580|Dresden china is a type of porcelain that is produced in Meissen, Germany, near the city of Dresden.
0166660|Drew, Charles Richard (1904-1950), was an American physician known for his research on blood plasma and for setting up blood banks.
0166770|Dreyfus affair was a political scandal that reshaped French politics in the 1890's and early 1900's.
0166880|Drill, also called a seeder, is a tractor-drawn machine used to place seeds of small grains and grasses into soil.
0166885|Drill is a tool used to bore holes into a variety of materials.
0167060|Dromedary, also called Arabian camel, is a swift camel used mainly for transportation and food in dry parts of India, the Middle East, and Africa.
0167160|Drought is a condition that results when the average rainfall for an area drops far below the normal amount for a long period of time.
0167180|Drowning is death caused by suffocation in water or other liquid.
0167200|Drug is one of the medical profession's most valuable tools.
0167210|Drug abuse is the nonmedical use of a drug that interferes with a healthy and productive life.
0167232|Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), an agency of the United States government, enforces federal laws and regulations dealing with narcotics and other dangerous drugs.
0167280|Druids were the priestly, learned class among the Celts, a people of ancient Europe.
0167290|Drum is any member of about 200 species of fishes.
0167300|Drum is the oldest musical instrument.
0167310|Drum and bugle corps, often called drum corps, are marching musical groups that perform in parades, at football games, and in competitions.
0167380|Drummond, William Henry (1854-1907), was a Canadian poet and physician.
0167420|Drupe is a fleshy fruit that has a single seed surrounded by a hard covering called a stone or pit.
0167500|Druses are an Arabic-speaking people of the Middle East.
0167540|Dry cleaning is a process that removes dirt and stains from fabrics.
0167560|Dry dock is a dock in which a vessel can lie out of the water while repairs are being made below its water line (see DOCK ).
0167580|Dry farming is a process of growing crops in semiarid regions without irrigation.
0167600|Dry ice is solid carbon dioxide.
0167690|Dry Tortugas, National Park is made up of 27 low coral islands, or keys, which lie about 70 miles (115 kilometers) west of Key West, Fla.
0167720|Dryden, John (1631-1700), was the outstanding English writer of the Restoration period (about 1660 to 1700).
0167820|Du Barry, Madame (1746-1793), was a mistress of King Louis XV of France.
0167835|Du Bellay, Joachim, (1522-1560), was a French poet.
0167860|Dubinsky, David (1892-1982), an American labor leader, was president of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union from 1932 to 1966.
0167880|Dublin, (pop. 502,749; met. area pop. 866,241), is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Ireland.
0167900|Dublin, University of, more generally known as Trinity College, Dublin, was founded in 1592 under a charter granted by Queen Elizabeth I.
0167910|Dubois, Eugene (1858-1941), was a Dutch anatomist and physical anthropologist.
0167921|Du Bois, Guy Pene, (1884-1958), was an American painter and art critic.
0167922|Du Bois, W. E. B. (1868-1963), was one of the most important leaders of African American protest in the United States.
0167960|Du Bois, William Pene, (1916-1993), was an American writer and illustrator of books for children.
0168000|Dubos, Rene Jules, (1901-1982), a French-American microbiologist, pioneered in the development of antibiotics, a type of drug used to treat infections.
0168010|Dubuffet, Jean, (1901-1985), was a French artist known for the primitive style of his works.
0168020|Dubuque, Iowa (pop. 57,546; met. area pop. 86,403), is a port city on the west bank of the Mississippi River, opposite the Illinois-Wisconsin border.
0168040|Dubuque, Julien (1762-1810), a French-Canadian adventurer, was the first white person to settle in Iowa.
0168080|Ducat is a coin first issued by Roger II of Sicily, Duke of Apulia, in the mid-1100's.
0168100|Duccio di Buoninsegna, (1250?-1319?), was the first great painter from Siena, Italy.
0168120|Duchamp, Marcel (1887-1968), was a French-born artist and a leader of the modern movement in art.
0168220|Duck is a bird with waterproof feathers and webbed feet.
0168320|Ducking stool was a form of punishment usually given to "witches and nagging women" in England and the American Colonies from the 1600's to the early 1800's.
0168360|Duckweed is the name of several species of tiny plants that float on pools and ponds.
0168380|Ducted propeller is a propeller that turns within a cylinderlike device called a duct.
0168400|Ductility is the ability of certain solids to undergo permanent changes in shape without breaking.
0168440|Dude ranch is a Western-style ranch that receives paying guests.
0168520|Dudley, Thomas (1576-1653), was a colonial governor of Massachusetts.
0168540|Due process of law is a basic principle in the American legal system that requires fairness in the government's dealing with persons.
0168560|Duel is a form of combat between two armed persons.
0168620|Duff, Sir Lyman Poore (1865-1955), served on the Supreme Court of Canada from 1906 to 1944.
0168640|Dufferin and Ava, Marquess of (1826-1902), was a successful British diplomat who served as governor general of Canada from 1872 to 1878.
0168660|Dufy, Raoul, (1877-1953), was a French artist best known for his lively, decorative paintings.
0168720|Dugong is a plant-eating sea mammal.
0168800|Duisburg, (pop. 535,447), is a trading and manufacturing city in the Ruhr region of Germany.
0168810|Dukakis, Michael Stanley (1933- ), was the Democratic presidential nominee in 1988.
0168820|Dukas, Paul Abraham (1865-1935), was a French composer, music teacher, critic, and editor.
0168840|Duke is a European title.
0168860|Duke, James Buchanan (1856-1925), an American businessman and philanthropist, organized the American Tobacco Company (now American Brands, Inc.) in 1890.
0168880|Duke Endowment is a trust fund established in 1924 by James B. Duke, an American businessman.
0168920|Duke University is a private coeducational school in Durham, N.C.
0168960|Dulcimer is a stringed musical instrument played with wooden hammers.
0169000|Dulles, John Foster (1888-1959), was an American lawyer and diplomat.
0169020|Duluth, (pop. 85,493), is the third-largest city in Minnesota.
0169060|Duma, officially called the State Duma, was the lower house of the Russian legislature in the early 1900's, during the reign of Czar Nicholas II.
0169090|Dumas, Alexandre, pere (1802-1870), was a French novelist and playwright.
0169095|Dumas, Alexandre, fils (1824-1895), was a French writer.
0169105|Du Maurier, Dame Daphne (1907-1989), was an English writer best known for her romantic novels.
0169110|Du Maurier, George (1834-1896), was an English artist and novelist.
0169120|Dumbarton Oaks was the name of an international conference held in August-October 1944 at Dumbarton Oaks, an estate in Washington, D.C.
0169150|Dumont, Gabriel (1838-1906), served as military leader of the North West Rebellion, a revolt against the Canadian government in 1885.
0169170|Dun Laoghaire, (pop. 54,715), is a town on the east coast of Ireland.
0169200|Dunant, Jean Henri, (1828-1910), a Swiss banker, was the founder of the International Red Cross.
0169240|Dunbar, Paul Laurence (1872-1906), was one of the most popular American poets of the 1890's and early 1900's.
0169290|Duncan I, (?-1040), succeeded his grandfather Malcolm II as king of Scotland in 1034.
0169300|Duncan, Isadora (1877-1927), an American dancer, greatly influenced dancing in the 1900's.
0169320|Duncan, Robert (1919-1988), was an American poet.
0169340|Dundee (pop. 177,674) is a major industrial center of Scotland and one of its largest cities.
0169360|Dune is a mound or ridge of loose sand that has been deposited by the wind.
0169420|Dunham, Katherine (1912- ), an American dancer and choreographer (dance creator), became noted for her interpretations of the dances of blacks of the West Indies and the United States.
0169440|Duniway, Abigail Jane Scott (1834-1915), was a leader of the campaign for women's voting rights in the Pacific Northwest.
0169480|Dunkerque, (pop. 73,120; met. area pop. 196,558), is a French seaport and industrial center and the site of a dramatic Allied evacuation during World War II.
0169500|Dunlap, William (1766-1839), has been called the father of American drama.
0169520|Dunlop, John Boyd (1840-1921), a Scottish veterinarian, improved on the pneumatic (air-filled) tire that Robert W. Thomson had invented.
0169540|Dunne, Finley Peter (1867-1936), was an American humorist and journalist.
0169560|Dunning, John Ray (1907-1975), an American physicist, did research work that was important in developing the atomic bomb.
0169580|Duns Scotus, John (1265 or 1266-1308), was one of the greatest theologians and philosophers of the Middle Ages.
0169600|Dunsany, Lord (1878-1957), was an Irish author who is remembered today for his fantastic tales.
0169620|Dunstan, Saint (909?-988), was an English religious reformer, statesman, and archbishop of Canterbury.
0169640|Duodecimal numerals, form a numeration system based on 12.
0169680|Duplicator is any of several machines that reproduce typed, printed, or handwritten matter using a special form called a master.
0169690|Du Pont, Eleuthere Irenee, (1771-1834), founded a gunpowder company in 1802 that was the forerunner of the present-day DuPont Company.
0169710|DuPont Company, officially E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, is one of the world's largest manufacturers and marketers of chemicals and chemical products.
0169730|Du Pont de Nemours, Pierre Samuel (1739-1817), was a French economist and statesman.
0169800|Duralumin is a term for any one of a group of aluminum-copper alloys.
0169840|Durant, Will (1885-1981), was an American historian, philosopher, and educator.
0169860|Durant, William Crapo (1861-1947), was an American automobile manufacturer and the founder of General Motors.
0169880|Durante, Jimmy (1893-1980), was an American entertainer.
0169920|Durban, (pop. 715,669; met. area pop. 1,106,971), is the chief eastern seaport in South Africa.
0169960|Durer, Albrecht (1471-1528), was the most famous painter and printmaker in the history of German art.
0170000|Durham, (pop. 85,000), is a fortress town in northern England.
0170020|Durham, N.C., (pop. 136,611), is a city in the northeastern part of the state.
0170040|Durham, Earl of (1792-1840), was a British political leader and governor general of Britain's Canadian colonies.
0170060|Durkheim, Emile, (1858-1917), was a French sociologist.
0170080|Durrell, Gerald (1925- ), is an English naturalist and author.
0170090|Durrell, Lawrence (1912-1990), was an English novelist, travel writer, and poet.
0170095|Durrenmatt, Friedrich, (1921-1990), was a Swiss dramatist and novelist.
0170105|Duryea brothers were two automobile pioneers.
0170110|Du Sable, Jean Baptiste Point, (1745-1818), a black American pioneer, was the first known settler to build a house and open a trading post in what became Chicago.
0170120|Duse, Eleonora, (1858-1924), an Italian actress, has been called the greatest actress of her time.
0170140|Dushanbe, (pop. 595,000), is the capital and largest city of Tajikistan.
0170160|Dusseldorf, (pop. 575,594), is a commercial and industrial city in Germany.
0170180|Dust consists of dry, solid particles less than 0.0625 millimeter ( 1/400 inch) in diameter--smaller than the tiniest grains of sand.
0170200|Dust Bowl refers to a series of destructive wind and dust storms that struck the United States during the 1930's.
0170210|Dust devil is a whirling column of air.
0170220|Dust explosion occurs when a cloud of burnable dust is ignited, causing an intense release of energy.
0170240|Dust storm is a strong, turbulent wind that carries fine particles of clay, silt, and other earthy material for long distances.
0170320|Dutch East India Company was a powerful trading company that helped establish Dutch rule in what is now Indonesia.
0170360|Dutch elm disease is a severe disease of the elm tree.
0170440|Dutch oven is a covered metal cooking pot.
0170520|Dutch West India Company was formed by Dutch merchants and chartered by the government of the Netherlands in 1621.
0170560|Dutchman's-breeches, also called white heart, is a small, delicate plant with flattened, heart-shaped flowers.
0170610|Duvalier, Francois, (1907-1971), was the president of Haiti from 1957 until his death in 1971.
0170680|Duvoisin, Roger Antoine (1904-1980), was a children's artist and illustrator.
0170700|Dvina River is the name of two rivers in eastern Europe.
0170720|Dvorak, Antonin, (1841-1904), was a Czech composer.
0170740|Dwarf is an unusually small adult human being, animal, or plant.
0170780|Dwight, John (1635?-1703), was an important early English potter.
0170840|Dye is a chemical compound used to produce long-lasting colors in materials.
0170845|Dyer, Mary (?-1660), a colonist from England, became a martyr (one who dies for religious beliefs) for the Quaker faith.
0170855|Dylan, Bob (1941- ), an American composer, singer, and musician, was the most influential folk-song writer of the early 1960's.
0170860|Dynamics, in physics, is the study of objects that change their speed or the direction of their motion because of forces acting upon them.
0170880|Dynamite is an important industrial explosive.
0170940|Dyne is a unit of force.
0171000|Dysentery is a disease involving inflammation of the lining of the large intestine.
0171010|Dyslexia is a severe reading difficulty that continues despite years of reading instruction.
0171020|Dyspepsia is a term which is loosely used to refer to a disorder in digestion.
0171040|Dysprosium, (chemical symbol, Dy), is one of the rare-earth metals.
0171100|E is the fifth letter of our alphabet.
0171120|E equals m times c-squared is a formula developed by the physicist Albert Einstein that directly relates mass (matter) and energy.
0171140|E Pluribus Unum is the Latin motto on the face of the Great Seal of the United States (see GREAT SEAL OF THE UNITED STATES ).
0171200|Eagle is the name of some of the largest and most powerful birds in the world.
0171220|Eagle was the popular name for a $10 gold coin minted in the United States between 1795 and 1933.
0171240|Eagles, Fraternal Order of, is a benefit-paying fraternal organization.
0171250|Eagleton, Thomas Francis (1929- ), became the only man ever nominated by a national convention for Vice President of the United States who resigned his candidacy.
0171280|Eakins, Thomas (1844-1916), was one of the greatest American realist painters of the 1800's.
0171290|Eames, Charles (1907-1978), was an American designer who became internationally famous for creating some of the most imaginative furniture of the 1900's.
0171300|Ear is the sense organ that makes it possible for us to hear.
0171340|Earhart, Amelia (1897-1937?), was an American aviator.
0171380|Earl, Ralph (1751-1801), was one of America's finest primitive painters.
0171420|Early, Jubal Anderson (1816-1894), was a Confederate general in the Civil War.
0171435|Early childhood education includes a wide variety of planned educational experiences for children from birth through the age of 8.
0171470|Earnhardt, Dale (1952- ), an American stock car driver, won the Winston Cup Championship seven times, tying the record set by Richard Petty.
0171490|Earp, Wyatt (1848-1929), was a peace officer in the American West.
0171530|Earth is a term used in Britain and other Commonwealth countries for electrical ground.
0171540|Earth means many things to the people who live on it.
0171630|Earth science is the study of the earth and its origin and development.
0171680|Earthquake is a shaking of the ground caused by the sudden breaking and shifting of large sections of the earth's rocky outer shell.
0171700|Earthworm, also called night crawler, is a name used for many kinds of common worms found in moist, warm soil throughout the world.
0171720|Earwig is an insect that has a large pair of pincers at the rear of its body.
0171740|Easement is the right to use another person's land for a specific purpose.
0171940|East India Company was the name of several European companies that opened trade with India and the Far East in the 1600's.
0171960|East Indies, in its widest sense, refers to southeastern Asia, including India, Burma, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam; the islands around the Malay Archipelago; and the Philippines.
0172140|Easter is the most important Christian festival of the year.
0172180|Easter Island, in the South Pacific Ocean, is famous as the site of enormous statues of people that were carved hundreds of years ago.
0172200|Easter lily is a flower that has become a sign of Easter.
0172290|Eastern Catholic Churches are a group of independent but related Christian churches in eastern Europe, Africa, and Asia that accept the pope as their head.
0172500|Eastern Orthodox Churches are the major Christian churches in Greece, Russia, eastern Europe, and western Asia.
0172540|Eastern Star is an organization for women and men associated with the men's fraternal society of Masons.
0172620|Eastman, George (1854-1932), was an American businessman and inventor.
0172660|Eastman Kodak Company is one of the world's largest manufacturers of photographic equipment.
0172680|Eastman School of Music, a division of the University of Rochester, is one of the most noted comprehensive music schools in the United States.
0172690|Eastwood, Clint (1930- ), is an American motion-picture actor and director.
0172780|Eaton, Theophilus (1590-1658), a Puritan founder of New Haven colony, sailed from England for Boston in 1637 with 250 colonists.
0172790|Eaton, Timothy (1834-1907), was a noted Canadian merchant.
0172850|Eberhart, Richard (1904- ), is an American poet.
0172855|Ebla was a kingdom that flourished during the 2000's B.C. in what is now northern Syria.
0172858|Ebola virus is a virus that has caused several outbreaks of deadly disease in Africa.
0172860|Ebony is a hard, black wood.
0172920|Ecclesiastes is the 21st book of the Old Testament, or Hebrew Bible.
0172960|Echidna is a type of mammal that lays eggs.
0172980|Echinoderm is the general name of certain spiny-skinned sea animals.
0173020|Echo is a sound heard when it is reflected back to its source after striking some object.
0173100|Eck, Johann (1486-1543), was a Catholic theologian who debated Martin Luther at Leipzig in 1519.
0173140|Eckhart, Johannes (1260?-1328), was a German theologian.
0173160|Eclipse is the darkening of a heavenly body.
0173220|Ecole des Beaux-Arts is a school of fine arts in Paris, sponsored by the French government.
0173240|Ecology is the branch of science that deals with the relationships living things have to each other and to their environment.
0173250|Econometrics is the branch of economics that applies mathematics and statistics to economic theory.
0173260|Economic Advisers, Council of, is a three-member group that advises the President of the United States on economic policies.
0173290|Economic determinism is a theory for interpreting history which states that a society's economic system shapes its social, political, and religious institutions.
0173340|Economics is the study of how goods and services get produced and how they are distributed.
0173380|Ectoplasm is a term with two meanings, one used by spiritualists and the other by biologists.
0173420|Ecuador is one of the smallest countries of South America.
0173480|Eczema is a skin disorder characterized by itching and inflammation.
0173500|Edda is a term that refers to two separate works of medieval Icelandic literature.
0173520|Eddington, Sir Arthur Stanley (1882-1944), was a British astronomer who pioneered in the investigation of the internal structure of stars.
0173540|Eddy, Mary Baker (1821-1910), was an American religious thinker and leader.
0173620|Edelweiss is a flower that grows in the mountain regions of Europe and Asia.
0173640|Edema is the swelling of body tissues caused by fluid build-up between cells.
0173660|Eden was a region described in the Bible as the place where God planted a garden for Adam and Eve.
0173680|Eden, Anthony (1897-1977), Earl of Avon, succeeded Sir Winston Churchill as prime minister of Britain from 1955 to 1957.
0173700|Edentate is any one of a group of mammals that have incomplete sets of teeth or no teeth at all.
0173720|Ederle, Gertrude Caroline (1906- ), a famous American swimmer, became the first woman to swim the English Channel.
0173740|Edgerton, Harold Eugene (1903-1990), an American engineer and inventor, revolutionized high-speed photography with his electronic stroboscope, an instrument that can produce single or rapidly repeating flashes of light.
0173880|Edinburgh, (pop. 421,213), is the capital and second largest city of Scotland.
0173920|Edinburgh, University of, is one of the oldest and best-known universities in the United Kingdom.
0173940|Edirne, formerly Adrianople, (pop. 86,909), is an ancient Turkish city.
0173960|Edison, Thomas Alva (1847-1931), was one of the greatest inventors and industrial leaders in history.
0174060|Editorial is usually a brief newspaper or magazine article that gives the publication's position on current events.
0174090|Edmonds, Sarah Emma Evelyn (1841-1898), became the most famous woman soldier of the Civil War (1861-1865).
0174100|Edmonds, Walter Dumaux (1903- ), an American author, became known for his novel Drums Along the Mohawk (1936), and other books on the history of upstate New York.
0174120|Edmonton is the capital of Alberta and Alberta's largest metropolitan area in population.
0174190|Edom was an ancient kingdom that is mentioned often in the Old Testament.
0174220|Education is the process by which people acquire knowledge, skills, habits, values, or attitudes.
0174320|Education, Department of, is an executive department of the United States government that administers programs to improve American education and promotes educational opportunities for all citizens.
0174460|Education Week, American, acquaints the public with the work of education, and with its problems, achievements, and needs.
0174530|Educational psychology is a field of psychology in which psychological knowledge and methods are used to study the processes of teaching and learning.
0174535|Edward (1330-1376), known as the Black Prince, is one of the most famous English warriors in history.
0174541|Edward I (1239-1307) became king of England in 1272.
0174542|Edward II (1284-1327) was one of the most unsuccessful kings in English history.
0174543|Edward III (1312-1377) became king of England in 1327.
0174544|Edward IV (1442-1483) became king of England in 1461.
0174545|Edward V (1470-1483) succeeded his father, Edward IV, as king of England in April 1483 at the age of 12.
0174546|Edward VI (1537-1553) was king of England and Ireland from 1547 until his death.
0174547|Edward VII (1841-1910) became king of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland in 1901.
0174548|Edward VIII (1894-1972) became king of Britain on Jan. 20, 1936, and gave up the throne December 11 that same year.
0174600|Edward the Confessor (1002?-1066), an Anglo-Saxon king descended from Alfred the Great, was crowned in 1042.
0174620|Edwards, Jonathan (1703-1758), was a famous minister of Puritan New England.
0174660|Edwards Air Force Base, California, is the site of the United States Air Force Flight Test Center.
0174680|Eel is a long, slimy fish that looks like a snake.
0174700|Eelgrass is the name of two species of underwater plants.
0174740|Eelworm is a tiny, threadlike worm that lives as a parasite in plants.
0174760|Efficiency, in engineering and physics, is the ratio of the work we get out of a machine to the amount of energy put into the machine.
0174780|Effigy Mounds National Monument, is located in northeastern Iowa, 3 miles (5 kilometers) north of Marquette.
0174820|Egbert (775?-839) was king of Wessex in England from 802 to his death.
0174860|Egg. Most people think of an egg only as a kind of food produced bychickens.
0174900|Eggleston, Edward (1837-1902), wrote The Hoosier Schoolmaster (1871), a fresh, delightful story of early Indiana.
0174920|Eggplant is a plant that bears large egg-shaped fruit.
0174940|Eglantine is a wild rose, commonly called sweetbrier.
0174980|Ego is a term used in psychoanalysis to describe one of the three parts of the mind.
0175020|Egret is any of eight species of birds in the heron family.
0175040|Egypt is a Middle Eastern country located in the northeast corner of Africa.
0175060|Egypt, Ancient, was the birthplace of one of the world's first civilizations.
0175080|Ehrlich, Paul (1854-1915), a German bacteriologist, founded chemotherapy and showed that certain dye injections cure certain tropical diseases.
0175090|Ehrlich, Paul Ralph (1932- ), an American biologist, is a leader of the international movement for population control.
0175100|Eichmann, Adolf (1906-1962), a lieutenant colonel in the Nazi secret police, was convicted and executed for his part in the killing of about 6 million Jews during World War II.
0175120|Eider duck is the name of four species of ducks known for their soft, warm down feathers.
0175140|Eielson, Carl Ben (1897-1929), an American aviator and explorer, piloted the first airplane to cross the Arctic Ocean.
0175170|Eiffel, Gustave, (1832-1923), a French structural engineer, built the 984-foot (300-meter) Eiffel Tower in Paris for a world's fair in 1889.
0175180|Eiffel Tower is the most famous landmark in Paris.
0175340|Einstein, Albert (1879-1955), was one of the greatest scientists of all time.
0175380|Einsteinium (chemical symbol, Es) is an artificially created radioactive element.
0175400|Einthoven, Willem (1860-1927), a Dutch physiologist, was the founder of electrocardiography.
0175440|Eisenhower, Dwight David (1890-1969), leader of the victorious Allied forces in Europe in World War II, rode a wave of popularity as a war hero to become President of the United States.
0175475|Eisenstaedt, Alfred (1898-1995), was an American photographer known for his photographs of news events and famous people.
0175480|Eisenstein, Sergei Mikhailovich, (1898-1948), was a Russian motion-picture director, theorist, and teacher.
0175510|El Aaiun, (pop. 96,784), also called Aiun or Laayoune, is the principal city of Western Sahara, a territory in northwestern Africa.
0175520|El Alamein, (pop. 980), is an Egyptian coastal village that lies about 65 miles (105 kilometers) west of Alexandria.
0175560|Eland is the largest antelope in Africa.
0175580|Elasticity is the ability of a solid to return to its original shape and size after it has been deformed by a force.
0175610|Elat, (pop. 19,600), is an Israeli port on the Gulf of Aqaba, an arm of the Red Sea.
0175620|Elba is a mountainous island in the Mediterranean Sea, 6 miles (10 kilometers) southwest of the coast of Tuscany.
0175640|Elbe River is one of the major commercial waterways of central Europe.
0175700|Elbow is the joint that connects a person's upper arm with the forearm.
0175760|El Camino Real was an early California highway.
0175860|Elder is the name of a group of 30 species of small trees or shrubs in the honeysuckle family.
0175900|El Dorado is the name of a fictitious kingdom of enormous wealth located in South America.
0175940|Eleanor of Aquitaine, (1122-1204), was the wife of King Louis VII of France and later of King Henry II of England.
0175980|Elecampane is a coarse perennial plant closely related to the asters.
0176000|Election is the process by which people vote for the candidate or proposal of their choice.
0176010|Election campaign is a series of operations designed to win votes for a certain candidate, party, or proposal.
0176020|Election Day in the United States is the day on which national elections for presidential electors take place.
0176080|Electoral College is a group of representatives chosen by the voters of each state to elect the President and Vice President of the United States.
0176100|Electoral Commission was a group created by Congress in 1877 to decide who won the presidential election of 1876.
0176160|Electra, in Greek mythology was famous for her loyalty to her father, the Greek leader Agamemnon.
0176200|Electric arc is a curve of intense heat and light formed when a strong electric current leaps across a gap between two electrodes.
0176260|Electric bell is a type of bell operated by an electric current.
0176300|Electric car is an automobile powered by rechargeable batteries.
0176360|Electric circuit is the path followed by an electric current.
0176380|Electric current is the movement or flow of electric charges.
0176400|Electric eel is a long, narrow fish that can produce a strong electric discharge.
0176420|Electric eye is an electronic device that either produces a current or allows a current to flow when light shines on it.
0176460|Electric field exists in the space around a charged body and can be detected by its effect on another charged body in the field.
0176480|Electric fish is any of several fishes with special muscles that can generate an electric current.
0176500|Electric furnace is a device for providing heat by electrical means.
0176540|Electric generator is a machine that produces electricity.
0176620|Electric light is a device that uses electric energy to produce visible light.
0176660|Electric measurement. Electricity itself cannot be observed.
0176680|Electric meter is a device that measures electric current.
0176700|Electric motor is a machine that changes electric energy into mechanical power to do work.
0176740|Electric power is the use of electric energy to do work.
0176760|Electric railroad is an electrically powered railway system.
0176780|Electric ray is the name of a group of fish that can give off electricity.
0176840|Electric switch is a device that controls the flow of electric current in a circuit.
0177000|Electrical Workers, International Brotherhood of (IBEW), is a labor union affiliated with the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations and with the Canadian Federation of Labour.
0177040|Electricity is a basic feature of the matter that makes up everything in the universe.
0177080|Electrocardiograph is an instrument used to diagnose heart disorders.
0177100|Electrochemistry is a science that deals with chemical reactions that involve electricity.
0177120|Electrocution is a means of killing a person by the use of a strong electric shock.
0177140|Electrode is a conductor through which current enters or leaves an electric or electronic device.
0177160|Electroencephalograph is an instrument used to measure and record the electrical voltages produced by neurons (nerve cells) in the brain.
0177180|Electrolysis is a process in which an electric current is passed through a liquid, causing a chemical reaction to take place.
0177200|Electrolyte is a substance that conducts electricity.
0177220|Electromagnet is a temporary magnet formed when electric current flows through a wire or other conductor.
0177260|Electromagnetic waves are related patterns of electric and magnetic force.
0177280|Electromagnetism is the branch of physics that studies the relationship between electricity and magnetism.
0177320|Electromotive force is a measure of the amount of work required to carry a unit of electric charge through a circuit.
0177340|Electromotive series, also called the electrochemical series or activity series, is a listing of metals and hydrogen with respect to their tendency to lose electrons during chemical reactions.
0177360|Electron is a negatively charged subatomic particle.
0177380|Electron gun is the heart of various electron devices.
0177400|Electron microscope is a device that uses a beam of electrons to magnify an object's image.
0177470|Electronic music is a kind of music in which sounds are produced electronically.
0177480|Electronics is a branch of physics and engineering that involves controlling the flow of electric charges in certain devices for a useful purpose.
0177490|Electrophoresis is a method of separating and purifying large biological molecules, such as proteins and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), through the use of an electric field.
0177500|Electroplating is the process of putting a metallic coating on a metal or other conducting surface by using an electric current.
0177520|Electroscope is an instrument that detects the presence of an electric charge.
0177580|Electrotyping is the process of making metal reproductions of type, engravings, or etchings for use in printing.
0177640|Element, Chemical, is any substance that contains only one kind of atom.
0177644|Element 104 is an artificially produced radioactive element.
0177645|Element 105 is an artificially produced radioactive element.
0177647|Element 106 is an artificially created radioactive element.
0177648|Element 107 is an artificially produced radioactive element.
0177649|Element 108 is an artificially produced radioactive element.
0177650|Element 109 is an artificially produced radioactive element.
0177653|Element 110 is an artificially produced radioactive element.
0177654|Element 111 is an artificially produced radioactive element.
0177657|Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) was the first major program of the United States government that was designed specifically to improve elementary and secondary education.
0177660|Elementary school is a school for children from age 5 or 6 to age 12 or 14.
0177700|Elephant is the largest animal that lives on land.
0177710|Elephant bird is any one of about seven species of giant extinct birds that once lived on the island of Madagascar.
0177760|Elephantiasis is a skin disease that is most common in the tropics.
0177780|Elephant's-ear is a plant with large leaves shaped like an elephant's ear or a shield.
0177840|Elevated railroad, usually called an el, is an electric railroad that runs on tracks above other traffic.
0177940|Elevator is a transportation device that carries people and freight to the floors of a building.
0178000|Elf is an imaginary creature in northern European folklore.
0178020|Elgar, Sir Edward William (1857-1934), a British composer, became best known for his Pomp and Circumstance, a set of five marches.
0178060|Elgin, Earl of (1811-1863), served as governor general of Canada from 1847 to 1854.
0178080|Elgin Marbles are a group of ancient Greek sculptures that originally decorated the Acropolis in Athens.
0178160|Elijah was an Israelite prophet who lived in the 800's B.C.
0178180|Elimination, also called excretion, is the process of removing water, waste matter, and harmful substances from the body.
0178200|Eliot, Charles William (1834-1926), an American educator, served as president of Harvard University for 40 years, from 1869 to 1909.
0178220|Eliot, George (1819-1880), was the pen name of Mary Ann (or Marian) Evans, a great English novelist.
0178240|Eliot, John (1604-1690), was an American missionary to the Indians of Massachusetts.
0178260|Eliot, T. S. (1888-1965), ranks among the most important poets of the 1900's.
0178280|Elisha was the follower, servant, and later the successor of the Hebrew prophet Elijah.
0178300|Elision, in poetry, means dropping or slurring a syllable to keep close to the meter of the poem.
0178340|Elixir is a sweetened alcoholic preparation used to disguise the taste of medicines.
0178360|Elizabeth, N.J. (pop. 110,002), is the oldest English settlement in the state.
0178460|Elizabeth I (1533-1603) was queen of England from 1558 until her death in 1603.
0178480|Elizabeth II (1926- ) is the queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
0178510|Elizabeth, Saint, according to Luke 1, was the mother of Saint John the Baptist and a kinswoman of Mary.
0178600|Elk is the name of two members of the deer family.
0178680|Elks, Benevolent and Protective Order of, is a fraternal and charitable organization.
0178740|Ellery, William (1727-1820), was one of the Rhode Island signers of the Declaration of Independence.
0178760|Ellesmere Island is part of Canada's Northwest Territories.
0178800|Ellington, Duke (1899-1974), was an American jazz bandleader, composer, and pianist.
0178880|Ellipse is a geometric figure with the shape of a flattened hoop.
0178900|Ellis, Havelock (1859-1939), was a British writer and psychologist.
0178920|Ellis Island was a United States reception center for immigrants for more than 60 years.
0178930|Ellison, Ralph (1914-1994), a black American author, became famous for his novel Invisible Man (1952).
0178940|Ellsworth, Lincoln (1880-1951), an American civil engineer and polar explorer, became the first person to fly across both the Arctic Ocean and Antarctica.
0178960|Ellsworth, Oliver (1745-1807), was chief justice of the United States from 1796 to 1800.
0178980|Elm is a beautiful, large tree that is valued for its lumber and shade.
0179020|Elmendorf Air Force Base, Alaska is the headquarters of the Alaskan Air Command of the United States Air Force.
0179140|El Misti is a beautiful cone-shaped volcano in southern Peru.
0179170|El Nino is a warm current in the Pacific Ocean that flows southward along the west coast of South America.
0179180|Elodea is a plant that grows submerged in water.
0179200|Elohim is a Hebrew word that means gods, a god, or God, depending on the context in which it is used.
0179240|El Paso, (pop. 515,342, met. area pop. 591,610), is a city in Texas that lies along the border between the United States and Mexico.
0179260|El Salvador, is the smallest Central American country in area.
0179290|Elton, Charles Sutherland (1900- ), is an English biologist.
0179300|El Toro Marine Corps Air Station, Calif., is the headquarters of the United States Marine Corps Air Bases Command, Western Area.
0179380|Elysium, in Greek and Roman mythology, was the place to which the souls of heroes were sent after death as a reward for their virtuous lives.
0179421|Elzevir, Louis (1546?-1617), was the first of what became a famous Dutch family of publishers, printers, and sellers of books.
0179440|Emancipation Proclamation was a historic document that led to the end of slavery in the United States.
0179460|Embalming is the artificial preservation of dead bodies.
0179480|Embargo is an order designed to stop the movement of goods.
0179490|Embargo Act was a law passed by Congress in 1807 that began the most famous embargo in United States history.
0179520|Embezzlement is the crime committed when someone entrusted with another's money or property illegally takes it for personal use.
0179580|Embolism is a condition in which a blood vessel is blocked by material that has been carried there by the bloodstream.
0179600|Embossing is a process in which a raised design is stamped or pressed on such materials as leather, paper, wood, or metal.
0179620|Embroidery is the art of stitching decorations on a fabric or similar material with a needle and thread.
0179640|Embryo is an animal or plant in an early stage of its development.
0179660|Embryology is the study of multicellular organisms during their early stages of development.
0179700|Emerald is a rich green gemstone that is a variety of the mineral beryl.
0179720|Emerald Isle is a poetic name for Ireland.
0179740|Emergency Medical Services refers to a system of emergency health care.
0179760|Emerson, Ralph Waldo (1803-1882), ranks as a leading figure in the thought and literature of American civilization.
0179800|Emery is a hard black or gray rock used for grinding and polishing.
0179820|Emetic is a medicine used to produce vomiting.
0179880|Emigres were people who fled France because of the French Revolution.
0179900|Emin Pasha, (1840-1892), was a German colonial administrator and explorer in Africa.
0179920|Eminent domain, in the United States, is the power of a government to take private property for public use.
0180020|Emmet, Robert (1778-1803), an Irish patriot, became one of that country's best-remembered heroes.
0180040|Emmett, Daniel Decatur (1815-1904), an American minstrel performer and songwriter, wrote "Dixie" (1859).
0180080|Emory University is a private, coeducational university in Atlanta, Ga.
0180100|Emotion is usually considered to be a feeling about or reaction to certain important events or thoughts.
0180140|Empedocles, (495?-435? B.C.), was an early Greek philosopher.
0180180|Emperor is the ruler of an empire, or group of nations or states.
0180200|Emphysema is a lung disease in which victims have difficulty breathing, especially when they exhale.
0180220|Empire is a domain made up of different countries or states, held together and ruled by the strongest nation in the group.
0180280|Empire State Building is a famous landmark in New York City that was the world's tallest building until the 1970's.
0180320|Empiricism is a philosophical approach that views experience as the most important source of knowledge.
0180360|Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) is a worker benefit program.
0180420|Employment agency is an organization that finds jobs for workers and workers for jobs.
0180460|Employment Service, United States, also called USES, is an agency of the Employment and Training Administration of the Department of Labor.
0180540|Emu is a large Australian bird that cannot fly.
0180560|Emulsion is a preparation of one liquid evenly dispersed in another.
0180580|Enabling act is a law that authorizes, or enables, individuals or groups to do things they would otherwise have no power to do.
0180620|Enamel is a glasslike substance used primarily to form a smooth, glossy surface on metal.
0180650|Encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain.
0180740|Enclave is a territory belonging to one country but lying within the boundaries of another country.
0180780|Encyclical is a letter from a Christian leader, particularly the pope, which is intended for general distribution among churches.
0180800|Encyclopedia is a collection of information about people, places, events, and things.
0180830|Endangered species are living things threatened with extinction--that is, the dying off of all individuals of their kind.
0180860|Endecott, John (1588?-1665), also spelled Endicott, an American colonial official, led about 50 people from England to what is now the city of Salem, Massachusetts, in 1628.
0180920|Enderby Land is a region on the fringe of Antarctica.
0180940|Enders, John Franklin (1897-1985), a research bacteriologist, shared the 1954 Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine with Frederick C. Robbins and Thomas H. Weller.
0180960|Endive is a leafy vegetable closely related to chicory.
0181110|Endometriosis is a disease of the female reproductive system in which clusters of cells from the lining of the uterus invade other areas of the body.
0181150|Endorphin is any of a group of substances in the nervous system of human beings and animals.
0181160|Endoscope is a medical instrument used to examine the interior of a hollow organ or cavity of the body.
0181200|Endowment is a fund that is set aside by a donor, or giver, for a specific purpose.
0181220|Endymion, in Greek mythology, was a handsome youth passionately loved by Selene (the moon).
0181240|Energy is the name given to the ability to do work.
0181241|Energy, Department of, is an executive department of the United States government that works to meet the nation's energy needs.
0181250|Energy supply is the total quantity of usable energy available to people for doing work.
0181280|Enewetak is an isolated atoll in the northwest corner of the Marshall Islands, in the Pacific Ocean.
0181360|Engels, Friedrich, (1820-1895), was a German social scientist, journalist, and professional revolutionary.
0181420|Engine is a machine that converts energy into mechanical work.
0181440|Engine analyzer is an instrument used to determine the performance of parts of gasoline and diesel engines.
0181480|Engineering is the profession that puts scientific knowledge to practical use.
0181490|Engineering drawing is the term used in the United Kingdom and other countries of the Commonwealth of Nations for a mechanical drawing.
0181510|Engineers, Corps of, is the branch of the United States Army that is responsible for military engineering as well as for many kinds of civil-engineering projects.
0181520|Engineers, International Union of Operating, is an international union affiliated with the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO) and the Canadian Federation of Labour (CFL).
0181560|England is the largest of the four political divisions that make up the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
0181610|English, William Hayden (1822-1896), was the Democratic candidate for Vice President of the United States in 1880.
0181620|English Channel is a body of water between England and France that connects the Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea.
0181640|English cocker spaniel is a popular sporting dog.
0181660|English foxhound is one of the oldest breeds of hounds.
0181700|English horn is a woodwind instrument.
0181740|English language is the most widely spoken language in the world.
0181780|English literature consists of the poetry, prose, and drama written in the English language by authors in England, Scotland, and Wales.
0181800|English setter is a popular dog because of its handsome face and sleek coat.
0181840|English springer spaniel is a sporting dog that forces game to spring from hiding places.
0181860|English toy spaniel is a breed of dog that was a favorite with English nobility in the 1600's.
0181880|Engraving is a process of incising (cutting) a design or image into a flat metal plate.
0181900|Engraving and Printing, Bureau of, designs, engraves, and prints the paper money and postage stamps issued by the United States government.
0181940|Enid, Okla. (pop. 45,309; met. area pop. 56,735), the center of a wheat-growing district, is about 100 miles (160 kilometers) northwest of Oklahoma City.
0182040|Enright, Elizabeth (1909-1968), was an American author who is best known for her books for children.
0182080|Ensor, James (1860-1949), was a Belgian painter and printmaker.
0182300|Entomology is a major branch of zoology concerned with the study of insects.
0182360|Entropy is a measure of the amount of disorder or randomness in a system.
0182400|Envelope is a piece of folded, sealed paper.
0182420|Environment is everything that is external to an organism.
0182422|Environmental Defense Fund is a private organization in the United States that works to protect the environment.
0182424|Environmental impact statement is a report that evaluates all planned projects or programs which might seriously affect the environment.
0182428|Environmental pollution is a term that refers to all the ways that human activity harms the natural environment.
0182432|Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is an independent agency of the United States government.
0182460|Enzyme is a molecule that speeds up chemical reactions in all living things.
0182515|Eoraptor was one of the earliest dinosaurs.
0182640|Ephesians, Epistle to the, is the 10th book of the New Testament.
0182660|Ephesus was an ancient Greek city that stood about 35 miles (56 kilometers) south of modern-day Izmir, Turkey.
0182670|Ephron, Nora (1941- ), is an American journalist, essayist, and screenwriter.
0182800|Epic is a long narrative poem.
0182820|Epictetus, (A.D. 50?-138?), was a Greek Stoic philosopher.
0182840|Epicurus, (342?-270 B.C.), was a Greek philosopher.
0182850|Epidaurus is the site of several ancient Greek ruins, including a famous outdoor theater.
0182860|Epidemic is an outbreak of disease that attacks many people at about the same time.
0182920|Epigram is a short, witty poem or pointed saying.
0182960|Epilepsy is a disorder of the brain characterized by sudden attacks, or seizures.
0183040|Epinephrine is a hormone secreted by the adrenal glands.
0183060|Epiphany is a Christian festival.
0183080|Epiphyte, also called air plant, is any plant that grows on another plant but manufactures its own food.
0183110|Episcopal Church is a Christian denomination in the United States.
0183140|Epistle can refer to any letter written to an individual or a group.
0183160|Epitaph is a memorial inscription on a tombstone or other monument to the dead.
0183180|Epithelioma is any tumor of the epithelium, the tissue that lines the body cavities and covers the body surface and the internal organs.
0183200|Epithelium is one of the major kinds of tissue formed in the bodies of human beings and some animals.
0183260|Epsom salt is a white powder that in the past was commonly used as a laxative.
0183280|Epstein, Sir Jacob (1880-1959), was an American-born sculptor who spent most of his life in London and became a major figure in British sculpture.
0183290|Epstein-Barr virus is a virus that causes several important diseases in human beings.
0183310|Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) is a United States government agency.
0183315|Equal Rights Amendment is a proposed amendment to the United States Constitution.
0183380|Equator is the great circle of the earth that lies halfway between the North and South poles.
0183410|Equatorial Guinea is a small country in western Africa.
0183440|Equestrian order was a class of prominent citizens in ancient Rome.
0183500|Equilibrium, Chemical, is a state of balance between a pair of forward and reverse chemical reactions.
0183520|Equinox is either of the two days of the year when the sun is directly above the earth's equator.
0183560|Equity, in law, usually refers to a set of rules that were developed from broad principles of reason and justice.
0183640|Eraser is a device for removing pencil, ink, or chalk marks from paper or some other surface, usually by rubbing.
0183660|Erasmus, Desiderius, (1466?-1536), was a Dutch priest and scholar who sought to reform the church.
0183700|Eratosthenes, (276?-195? B.C.), was a Greek mathematician.
0183720|Erbium, (chemical symbol, Er), is one of the rare earth metals.
0183860|Ergot is a parasitic fungus that attacks wheat, barley, rye, and many wild and cultivated grasses.
0183900|Eric the Red (A.D. 950?-1000?) was a Viking explorer who colonized Greenland.
0183910|Erickson, Arthur Charles (1924- ), a Canadian architect, became noted for buildings that dramatically harmonize with the landscape.
0183920|Ericson, Leif (A.D. 980?-1025?), was a Norse explorer who led what was probably the first European expedition to the mainland of North America.
0183940|Ericsson, John (1803-1889), was a Swedish-born American engineer.
0183960|Erie, (pop. 108,718; met. area pop. 275,572), is the third largest city in Pennsylvania.
0184000|Erie Canal was the first important national waterway built in the United States.
0184020|Erikson, Erik Homburger (1902-1994), was an American psychoanalyst.
0184080|Eritrea is a small country on the northeast coast of Africa.
0184100|Ermine is a small animal that lives in northern regions of North America, Europe, and Asia.
0184110|Ernst, Max (1891-1976), was a German artist associated with the development of the dada and surrealist movements.
0184160|Erosion is a natural process by which rock and soil are broken loose from the earth's surface at one location and moved to another.
0184230|Erving, Julius (1950- ), became one of the most exciting and popular players in the National Basketball Association (NBA).
0184240|Erysipelas is a skin infection that chiefly affects infants, young children, and elderly people.
0184260|Erythema is a redness of the skin.
0184300|Erythromycin is an antibiotic used in treating a variety of bacterial infections.
0184360|Esau was the son of Isaac and Rebecca, and the elder twin brother of Jacob in the Bible.
0184380|Escalator is a moving stairway that transports people from one floor or level to another.
0184500|Escheat is the turning over of property to the state when no owner claims it.
0184523|Escher, M. C. (1898-1972), was a Dutch artist known for his intricate, detailed prints.
0184530|Escobedo v. Illinois was a landmark decision of the Supreme Court of the United States concerning the rights of people accused of crimes.
0184540|Escorial is a large complex of buildings and courtyards about 30 miles (48 kilometers) northwest of Madrid, Spain.
0184580|Escrow is cash, a document, or other property given to one person for delivery to someone else when a certain condition is met.
0184650|Eshkol, Levi, (1895-1969), helped found the state of Israel and served as prime minister from 1963 until his death.
0184720|Esophagus, also called gullet, is the muscular tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach.
0184840|Esperanto is the most widely used international language.
0184860|Espionage, or is the act of spying on a country, organization, movement, or person.
0184900|Esposito, Phil (1942- ), was one of the greatest scorers in National Hockey League (NHL) history.
0184940|Espy, Mike (1953- ), became the first African American to serve as United States secretary of agriculture.
0184960|Essay is a short, nonfictional composition that presents the writer's opinion or analysis of a particular subject.
0184980|Essen (pop. 626,973), a city in western Germany, is in a major industrial region called the Ruhr.
0185020|Essenes were members of a Jewish sect living in Palestine from about 150 B.C. to A.D. 68.
0185160|Estate is a legal term that refers to a person's total property.
0185180|Estates-General was a French representative assembly that met irregularly between 1302 and 1789.
0185200|Ester is any of an important group of organic (carbon-containing) compounds.
0185250|Estevanico, (1500?-1539), also called Esteban, was a black slave from Morocco who became one of the first explorers of the Southwestern United States.
0185260|Esther, Book of, a book of the Bible, tells the story of Esther, a young Jewish woman, during the reign of Persian King Ahasuerus.
0185340|Estivation is a dormant state that occurs in the life of some animals during hot, dry periods.
0185360|Estonia is a European nation that regained its independence in 1991, after more than 50 years of forced annexation to the Soviet Union.
0185410|Estrogen is any of a group of chemically similar hormones that cause the growth and development of female sexual characteristics in human beings and other animals.
0185415|Estrous cycle is the process that prepares the females of most species of mammals for mating and bearing young.
0185440|Etching is a process of creating a design on a metal plate with the use of acid.
0185520|Ethane is an important industrial gas.
0185620|Ether, in chemistry, is a colorless, highly flammable liquid with a strong, sweet smell.
0185640|Ether, in physics, was once believed to be a substance that filled all space.
0185660|Etherege, Sir George (1634?-1691), was an English playwright.
0185700|Ethics is a branch of philosophy that attempts to help us understand which ways of life are worth following and which actions are right or wrong.
0185720|Ethiopia is a country in northeastern Africa.
0185770|Ethnic group is a group of people with characteristics in common that distinguish them from most other people of the same society.
0185780|Ethnocentrism is the belief that one's own culture is the best and most natural.
0185790|Ethnography is a branch of anthropology that produces scientific descriptions of contemporary cultures.
0185830|Ethology is the branch of zoology that deals with animal instincts.
0185900|Ethylene, an organic gas, is one of the most important industrial chemicals.
0185940|Etiquette is a code of behavior that helps people get along with one another.
0185990|Etobicoke, (pop. 309,993), is one of the largest cities in Ontario, Canada.
0186000|Eton College is the largest and most famous of the group of English private secondary schools called public schools.
0186060|Etruscans were a people who lived in Etruria (present-day Tuscany, Umbria, and Latium) in Italy.
0186100|Etude is a short musical composition written especially to enable students to practice a particular technique.
0186120|Etymology is the study of the origin and development of words.
0186180|Eucalyptus is the name of a large group of trees native to Australia.
0186280|Euclid, (330?-270? B.C.), a Greek mathematician, is often called the father of geometry.
0186295|Eugene III (?-1153) was elected pope in 1145.
0186315|Eugene IV (1383-1447) was elected pope in 1431.
0186320|Eugene (pop. 112,669; met. area pop. 282,912) is the second largest city in Oregon.
0186340|Eugenics is a method that aims at improving the human race by selection of parents based on their inherited characteristics.
0186360|Eugenie Marie de Montijo, (1826-1920), became empress of France as the wife of Napoleon III.
0186400|Euglena is a genus (group) of microscopic, one-celled organisms.
0186410|Eulachon is a saltwater fish about 9 inches (23 centimeters) long.
0186420|Eulenspiegel, Till, was a practical joker whose pranks became a favorite subject of writers and musicians.
0186440|Euler, Leonhard (1707-1783), a Swiss mathematician, became famous for his great output of original mathematics, and for the wide range of subjects he covered.
0186480|Euphrates River is the longest river in southwestern Asia.
0186600|Euripides, (about 480-406 B.C.), was the third of the three great writers of Greek tragedy.
0186620|Eurodollar, refers to a transfer of credit designated in U.S. dollars from a U.S. bank to a foreign bank.
0186640|Europa, in Greek mythology, was the beautiful daughter of Agenor, king of the city of Tyre in Phoenicia.
0186660|Europe is the birthplace of Western civilization.
0186680|Europe, Council of, is an organization of 31 countries.
0186780|European Free Trade Association (EFTA) is a trade organization of four European nations.
0186825|European Monetary System is an organization set up by 10 European nations to stabilize their exchange rates.
0186890|European Space Agency (ESA) promotes the development of a cooperative space program among the nations of Western Europe.
0186895|European Union, sometimes called the EU, is an organization of 15 Western European countries that promotes cooperation among its members.
0186900|Europium, (chemical symbol, Eu), is one of the rare-earth metals.
0186940|Eurydice, in Greek mythology, was a tree nymph loved by Orpheus, who was a legendary Greek musician.
0187040|Euthanasia is the practice of painlessly ending the lives of people who have incurable, painful, or distressing diseases or handicaps.
0187047|Eutrophication is a process that affects lakes and other bodies of water.
0187080|Evangelical Lutheran Church in America is the largest Lutheran denomination in the United States.
0187110|Evangelicalism is a term used primarily to describe the religious views of various theologically conservative Protestants in Europe and North America.
0187180|Evans, Sir Arthur John (1851-1941), a British archaeologist, became known for the excavations he began on the island of Crete in 1893.
0187280|Evans, Oliver (1755-1819), an American engineer, inventor, and manufacturer, built what was probably America's first self-propelled land vehicle (see AUTOMOBILE [The First Cars]).
0187315|Evans, Walker (1903-1975), was an American photographer best known for his pictures of Southern sharecroppers of the 1930's.
0187400|Evaporation is the conversion of a liquid or solid to a gas.
0187420|Evarts, William Maxwell (1818-1901), an American lawyer, gained fame for successfully handling important trials.
0187480|Evening primrose is any of several related wild flowering plants that grow from Labrador to Florida and westward to Wyoming and New Mexico.
0187520|Evening star is any planet that can be seen after sunset.
0187620|Everett, Edward (1794-1865), an American statesman was considered one of the greatest orators of his day.
0187660|Everglades, in southern Florida, are one of the most interesting and unusual swamp areas in the world.
0187680|Everglades National Park is one of the few subtropical regions in the United States.
0187700|Evergreen is a plant that remains green throughout the year.
0187751|Evers, Medgar (1925-1963), was an African American civil rights leader.
0187753|Evers-Williams, Myrlie (1933- ), was elected chairwoman of the board of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in 1995.
0187755|Evert, Chris (1954- ), is an American tennis champion and one of the top women players in the world.
0187770|Eviction, in law, is an action that deprives a tenant of the use of leased premises, such as an apartment or an office.
0187780|Evidence is information that tends to prove or disprove a fact in question.
0187820|Evil eye is the supposed power to harm people or their possessions by merely looking at them.
0187860|Evolution is a process of change over a long period.
0187900|Ewell, Richard Stoddert (1817-1872), was a Confederate general in the American Civil War.
0187930|Ex parte Milligan was a legal case in which the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that civilians cannot be tried by military courts if civil courts are available.
0187940|Ex post facto is a Latin term meaning from what is done afterwards.
0187980|Excalibur was the sword of King Arthur, a legendary British ruler of medieval times.
0188110|Exchange rate is the price of one nation's currency expressed in terms of another country's currency.
0188180|Excise is a tax on the manufacture, sale, or use of goods or services levied by local, state, or national governments.
0188220|Exclamation point is a punctuation mark shown as !.
0188240|Excommunication is the most severe penalty that a religious body can impose on a member.
0188300|Executive is the branch of government that enforces the laws.
0188360|Executor is a person who is named in a will to carry out the provisions of the will.
0188460|Exile is banishment from one's own land.
0188480|Existentialism is a philosophical movement that developed in continental Europe during the 1800's and 1900's.
0188490|Exobiology is the branch of biology that specializes in the search for and study of life elsewhere in the universe.
0188520|Exodus is the second book of the Bible.
0188560|Exorcism is the act of breaking the power of the Devil or other evil spirits that influence or control a person.
0188640|Expansion is an increase in the size of a body without the addition of material to the body.
0188760|Exploration is one of the oldest and most widespread of human activities.
0188800|Explosive is a material that produces a rapid, violent reaction when acted upon by heat or a strong blow.
0188840|Export-Import Bank of the United States, also called Eximbank, is an independent agency of the United States government.
0188860|Exports and imports are the articles shipped from and into a country.
0188960|Expressionism was an art movement that flourished in the early 1900's.
0189020|Extension programs are educational services that colleges offer to people who cannot attend school fulltime or who live far from a campus.
0189080|Extinct animal. A species of animal becomes extinct when every one of its kind has died.
0189120|Extortion is the attempt to obtain money or property by threatening to physically harm a person, injure a person's property or reputation, or accuse a person of a crime.
0189160|Extract is a concentrated preparation of certain substances obtained from plants, herbs, flowers, or animal tissues.
0189180|Extradition is the handing over by one state or country to another of people accused of crimes.
0189220|Extrasensory perception, usually abbreviated ESP, describes a way of communicating or of being aware of something without using the known senses.
0189230|Extraterrestrial intelligence is intelligent life that developed somewhere other than the earth.
0189240|Extraterritoriality is a legal term for the privilege granted to ambassadors, ministers, and other diplomatic agents living in foreign countries.
0189280|Extrovert, when used nontechnically, means a sociable person who makes friends easily.
0189300|Extrusion is the process of shaping a piece of solid material, such as steel, by forcing it through an opening.
0189310|Exxon Corporation is the largest petroleum company in the world.
0189340|Eye is the organ of sight.
0189360|Eye bank is a nonprofit agency through which eyes removed shortly after death are distributed to specially trained surgeons.
0189480|Ezekiel, Book of, is a book of the Bible named for a Jewish prophet.
0189500|Ezra, Book of, is a book of the Bible.
0189520|F is the sixth letter of our alphabet.
0189530|Faber, Eberhard, (1822-1879), an American businessman born in Bavaria, built the first mass-production pencil factory in the United States.
0189535|Faberge, Peter Carl (1846-1920), was a Russian goldsmith and jeweler who won international fame for his design of decorative objects.
0189540|Fabian Society is a group of British socialists.
0189580|Fable is a brief fictitious story that teaches a moral.
0189600|Fabre, Jean Henri Casimir, (1823-1915), a French naturalist, spent his life observing insects and spiders.
0189660|Face is the front part of a person's head.
0189690|Face fly is an annoying pest for livestock.
0189740|Facsimile, often called fax, is a way of transmitting text and pictures over telephone lines.
0189760|Factor. Factors of a number are numbers which when multiplied together give the original number.
0189780|Factory is a building or group of buildings in which products are manufactured.
0189830|Fafnir, in Scandinavian mythology, was a man who turned himself into a dragon.
0189860|Fagin was a receiver of stolen goods and a trainer of young thieves.
0189880|Fahd (1923- ) became king and prime minister of Saudi Arabia in 1982.
0189900|Fahrenheit, Gabriel Daniel (1686-1736), a German physicist, developed the Fahrenheit temperature scale.
0189920|Faience is a kind of earthenware.
0189960|Fainting is a temporary loss of consciousness.
0189980|Fair is an event held for the presenting or viewing of exhibits.
0190000|Fair Deal is the name United States President Harry S. Truman gave to his domestic legislative program in 1949.
0190040|Fair Labor Standards Act is a law that sets the minimum wage and the length of the standard workweek for most employees in the United States.
0190060|Fair-trade laws were designed to prevent large retail stores from selling certain merchandise at extremely low prices in attempts to drive their smaller competitors out of business.
0190080|Fairbanks (pop. 30,843) is the second largest city in Alaska.
0190120|Fairbanks, Charles Warren (1852-1918), served as Vice President of the United States from 1905 to 1909 under President Theodore Roosevelt.
0190125|Fairbanks, Douglas, Sr. (1883-1939), was an American motion-picture actor who became famous for his acrobatic acting in colorful adventure films.
0190130|Fairbanks, Douglas, Jr. (1909- ), is an American motion-picture actor.
0190180|Fairchild, David Grandison (1869-1954), an American botanist and explorer, brought over 20,000 species of plants to the United States.
0190200|Fairchild, Sherman Mills (1896-1971), was an American inventor and businessman who pioneered in aircraft design and aerial photography.
0190280|Fairless, Benjamin Franklin (1890-1962), was an American industrialist.
0190340|Fairy is an imaginary creature that appears in the folklore of Western Europe.
0190360|Fairy Falls is a waterfall in Mount Rainier National Park in western Washington.
0190390|Faisal, (1906?-1975), was king of Saudi Arabia from 1964 to 1975.
0190395|Faisal I, (1885-1933), was king of Iraq from 1921 to 1933.
0190410|Faith healing involves the belief that trust in God's power can cure sickness and other physical problems.
0190440|Fakir is a Muslim or Hindu man who practices extreme self-denial as part of his religion.
0190460|Falange Espanola, also called Spanish Phalanx, was the only legal political party in Spain under dictator Francisco Franco.
0190480|Falcon is a type of bird closely related to hawks.
0190520|Falconry, once the "sport of kings," is the art of training falcons, hawks, or eagles to hunt game.
0190560|Falkland Islands, make up a British dependency in the South Atlantic Ocean.
0190620|Fall, Albert Bacon (1861-1944), served as United States secretary of the interior from 1921 to 1923 under President Warren G. Harding.
0190640|Fall line is a series of waterfalls and rapids formed where hard rock meets softer rock.
0190660|Fall River (pop. 92,703; met. area pop. 157,272) is an industrial city in southeastern Massachusetts.
0190680|Falla, Manuel de, (1876-1946), was a Spanish composer who gained international recognition for his success in developing a modern Spanish style of music.
0190700|Fallacy is an error in reasoning.
0190740|Falling bodies, Law of. Several laws, or rules, tell what an object does when it is allowed to fall to the ground without anything stopping it.
0190790|Fallopian tube, also called oviduct or uterine tube, is either of a pair of female reproductive organs through which eggs from the ovaries pass to the uterus.
0190800|Fallout is radioactive material that settles over the earth's surface following a nuclear explosion in the atmosphere.
0190900|False imprisonment is any unlawful restraint of a person, whether by confinement in a jail or elsewhere, by threats, or by force.
0191000|Family, in biology, is a unit of scientific classification.
0191020|Family is one of the oldest and most common human institutions.
0191080|Family Service America is a national federation of about 300 social work-counseling agencies.
0191120|Famine is a prolonged food shortage that causes widespread hunger and death.
0191140|Fan. Long ago, people learned they could make themselves feel cooler on hot days by waving a leaf through the air and creating an artificial breeze.
0191180|Faneuil, Peter (1700-1743), a Boston merchant, built Faneuil Hall for Boston as a public market and meeting place.
0191230|Fanon, Frantz Omar (1925-1961), was a political theorist who became a leader of Algeria's struggle to gain independence from France.
0191240|Fantasia is an instrumental musical composition that has no fixed form or style.
0191280|Far East is a term that is sometimes used for the easternmost part of Asia.
0191300|Farad is a unit used to measure electrical capacitance.
0191320|Faraday, Michael (1791-1867), one of the greatest English chemists and physicists, discovered the principle of electromagnetic induction in 1831 (see ELECTROMAGNETISM ).
0191460|Fargo (pop. 74,111), is the largest city in North Dakota.
0191480|Fargo, William George (1818-1881), was a partner in the gold rush express company of Wells, Fargo & Company (see WELLS, FARGO & COMPANY ).
0191540|Farjeon, Eleanor (1881-1965), was a British author who became famous for her stories and poems for children.
0191560|Farley, James Aloysius, (1888-1976), a politician and businessman, served as postmaster general of the United States from 1933 to 1940.
0191580|Farm and farming. Farming is the most important occupation in the world.
0191640|Farm Credit System is the nationwide system of cooperatively owned banks and associations in the United States.
0191750|Farmer, James Leonard (1920- ), an American civil rights leader, was assistant secretary of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare in 1969 and 1970.
0191780|Farmer-Labor Party was a leading Minnesota political party.
0191820|Farmers Home Administration was an agency of the United States Department of Agriculture from 1946 to 1994.
0191980|Farnese Bull is a famous ancient group sculpture that portrays an episode in Greek mythology.
0192000|Farnsworth, Philo Taylor, (1906-1971), an American inventor, was a pioneer in television technology.
0192020|Faroe Islands, also spelled Faeroe and Foroyar, are a group of 18 islands and some reefs in the North Atlantic Ocean.
0192050|Farquhar, George (1678-1707), is a transitional figure in the history of English drama.
0192060|Farragut, David Glasgow, (1801-1870), an American naval officer, won fame at the Civil War battle of Mobile Bay with the slogan: "Damn the torpedoes!
0192080|Farrakhan, Louis (1933- ), became the leader of the Nation of Islam in 1977.
0192120|Farrell, James T. (1904-1979), was an American writer best known for his novels about lower middle-class life in a decaying neighborhood of a large city.
0192160|Farsightedness, also called longsightedness, is a visual defect in which a person can see distant objects clearly, but near vision may be blurred.
0192180|Farthing was a bronze coin of the lowest value in British currency.
0192220|Faruk I, (1920-1965), also spelled Farouk, was the last king of Egypt.
0192240|Fasces were a symbol of power in the days of the Roman Republic, of the Roman Empire, and, later, of Benito Mussolini's Fascist government in Italy.
0192260|Fascism is a form of government headed, in most cases, by a dictator.
0192280|Fashion, in its broadest sense, is a particular style that is popular for a few months or years.
0192300|Fast is abstinence from food, or certain kinds of food, for a period of time.
0192320|Fat is one of three main classes of nutrients that provide energy to the body.
0192360|Fatalism is the belief that events are determined by forces that human beings cannot control.
0192380|Fates were three goddesses who ruled people's lives.
0192440|Father's Day is a day on which the people of many countries express gratitude and appreciation for their fathers by giving them gifts or greeting cards.
0192460|Fathom is a unit of length used to measure ropes or cables and the depths of water.
0192480|Fathometer is an instrument used on ships to measure the depth of the water.
0192500|Fatigue is another name for tiredness.
0192545|Fatima, Our Lady of, refers to the Virgin Mary, who reportedly appeared near Fatima, Portugal, in 1917.
0192560|Fatimid dynasty was a line of Muslim caliphs (rulers) who held power from A.D. 909 to 1171.
0192620|Faulkner, William (1897-1962), ranks among the leading authors in American literature.
0192660|Faun was a half-human and half-animal spirit of the woods and herds in Roman mythology.
0192680|Fauna is the name given to the animal life of a certain period of time or of a certain part of the world.
0192720|Faure, Gabriel Urbain, (1845-1924), was a French composer.
0192740|Faust, more correctly called Faustus, was a German astrologer and magician who became an important figure in legend and literature.
0192760|Fauves were a group of French artists who painted in a style that emphasized intense color and rapid, vigorous brushstrokes.
0192780|Fawkes, Guy (1570-1606), helped lead a group who tried to blow up King James I and the Parliament on Nov. 5, 1605, to avenge the persecution of Roman Catholics in England (see GUNPOWDER PLOT ).
0193080|Feasts and festivals are special times of celebration.
0193100|Feather is one of the light, thin growths that cover a bird's body.
0193160|Febold Feboldson is a giant Swedish hero of many tall tales of Kansas and Nebraska.
0193180|February is the second month of the year according to the Gregorian calendar, which is used in almost all the world today.
0193220|Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is an agency in the United States Department of Transportation.
0193240|Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is the chief investigating branch of the United States Department of Justice.
0193260|Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is an independent agency of the United States government.
0193320|Federal Crop Insurance Corporation (FCIC) was an agency of the United States Department of Agriculture from 1938 to 1994.
0193340|Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) is an independent United States government agency that insures deposits at almost all U.S. banks and savings and loan associations, or thrifts.
0193360|Federal district is a tract of land that a country sets apart as the seat of its national capital.
0193375|Federal Election Commission is an independent regulatory agency of the United States government.
0193440|Federal Hall, in New York City, was the first Capitol of the United States under the Constitution.
0193445|Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) is an agency within the United States Department of Transportation.
0193455|Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation is a private corporation chartered by the United States government to increase funds for housing.
0193460|Federal Housing Administration (FHA) is a United States government agency that works with private industry to provide good housing.
0193520|Federal Maritime Commission is an independent agency of the United States government.
0193540|Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service (FMCS) is an independent agency of the United States government.
0193545|Federal National Mortgage Association is a private corporation chartered by the United States government.
0193575|Federal Reserve System is an independent agency of the United States government that helps oversee the nation's banking system.
0193660|Federal Trade Commission (FTC) is an independent U.S. government agency that works to (1) maintain free and fair competition in the economy and (2) protect consumers from unfair or misleading practices.
0193675|Federalism is a system in which political power is divided between a central (national) government and smaller governmental units.
0193680|Federalist, The, is a series of 85 letters that urged ratification of the United States Constitution.
0193700|Federalist Party was one of the first political organizations in the United States.
0193740|Fee, in modern property law, describes the kind of ownership that may pass to an owner's heirs on his or her death.
0193800|Feed is a term for food given to farm animals.
0193940|Feininger, Lyonel (1871-1956), was an American painter whose works combine qualities of cubism and expressionism.
0193950|Feinstein, Dianne (1933- ), is one of the most prominent women in American politics.
0193970|Feke, Robert (1707?-1752?), was the earliest noteworthy American-born painter.
0193980|Feldspar is the name of a group of minerals that make up about 60 per cent of the earth's crust.
0194080|Feller, Bob (1918- ), became the strikeout king of baseball while pitching for the Cleveland Indians.
0194090|Fellini, Federico (1920-1993), was a famous Italian motion-picture director.
0194100|Fellowship is a sum of money given to scholars so they can continue their studies.
0194110|Fellowship of Christian Athletes is a nondenominational organization mainly of athletes and coaches that promotes Christian ideals.
0194120|Felony is a crime for which punishment is death or imprisonment for a year or more.
0194220|Felt is a fabric made of wool fibers or animal hair matted together by steam and pressure.
0194260|Feminism is the belief that women should have economic, political, and social equality with men.
0194300|Fencing is the art and sport of swordsmanship using blunted weapons.
0194320|Fenelon, Francois de Salignac de la Mothe-, (1651-1715), was a French author and a Roman Catholic archbishop.
0194360|Fenian movement was a struggle by Irish nationalists to free Ireland from English rule.
0194380|Fennec is a small fox that lives in the deserts of North Africa and Arabia.
0194400|Fennel is an herb related to parsley.
0194430|Fer-de-lance is one of the largest and deadliest of the poisonous snakes.
0194460|Ferber, Edna (1885-1968), an American novelist and playwright, wrote many books about the colorful American life of the 1800's.
0194565|Ferdinand II (1578-1637) ruled the Holy Roman Empire from 1619 until his death.
0194570|Ferdinand III (1608-1657) ruled the Holy Roman Empire from 1637 until his death.
0194580|Ferdinand V (1452-1516) of Castile ruled what is now Spain and helped unify the country.
0194595|Ferlinghetti, Lawrence (1919- ), is an American poet best known as a leader of the beat movement of the 1950's.
0194600|Fermat, Pierre de (1601-1665), a French mathematician, founded modern number theory.
0194620|Fermentation is a chemical process that breaks down organic materials.
0194660|Fermi, Enrico, (1901-1954), an Italian-born American physicist, designed the first atomic pile and produced the first nuclear chain reaction in 1942.
0194670|Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory is a high-energy physics laboratory near Batavia, Ill.
0194680|Fermium, (chemical symbol, Fm) is an artificially created radioactive element.
0194700|Fern is a green, nonflowering plant that grows in most parts of the world.
0194755|Ferraro, Geraldine Anne (1935- ), became the Democratic nominee for Vice President of the United States in 1984.
0194757|Ferre, Maurice (1935- ), became the first Hispanic mayor of a large United States city when he took office as mayor of Miami, Fla., in 1973.
0194760|Ferret is a type of small mammal that belongs to the weasel family.
0194860|Ferris wheel is an entertainment device used at fairs, carnivals, and amusement and theme parks.
0194900|Ferrous sulfate is a substance which occurs in light-green crystals.
0194920|Ferry is a boat used to carry persons, vehicles, and freight across narrow bodies of water.
0194960|Fertile Crescent is a crescent-shaped region in Asia.
0194980|Fertilization is the process by which male and female sex cells unite to form a new individual.
0195000|Fertilizer is a substance that is added to soil to help plants grow.
0195040|Fescue is the name of a group of grasses that grow in the United States and other temperate regions.
0195080|Fessenden, William Pitt (1806-1869), was a United States senator from Maine from 1854 to 1864 and from 1865 to 1869.
0195180|Fetish is an object that is believed to have magical powers or to embody or contain a powerful spirit.
0195220|Feud is a long and sometimes murderous conflict between individuals, families, or groups.
0195240|Feudalism is the general term used to describe the political and military system of western Europe during the Middle Ages.
0195260|Feuerbach, Ludwig Andreas, (1804-1872), was a German philosopher.
0195280|Fever is a condition in which the brain maintains the body temperature at a higher than normal level.
0195320|Feverfew is a bushy plant native to Europe.
0195340|Few, William (1748-1828), a lawyer, judge, and banker, was a Georgia signer of the Constitution of the United States.
0195350|Feynman, Richard Phillips (1918-1988), of the United States, shared the 1965 Nobel Prize in physics with Julian S. Schwinger and Sin-itiro Tomonaga.
0195360|Fez, also spelled Fes (pop. 448,823), is the religious center of Morocco and one of its traditional capitals.
0195380|Fez is a tall, red, brimless cap with a colored tassel of silk or wool.
0195390|FFA, formerly known as Future Farmers of America, is an organization mainly for students in grades 7 through 12 who study agriculture.
0195440|Fiat, in government, is an executive order or decree that requires obedience but is not a law.
0195480|Fiber is a hairlike strand of a substance that is extremely long in relation to its width.
0195485|Fiber, dietary, refers to a variety of edible plant materials that normally pass undigested through the body.
0195490|Fiber optics is a branch of physics based on the transmission of light through transparent fibers of glass or plastic.
0195530|Fiberglass, also called fibrous glass, is glass in the form of fine fibers (threads).
0195560|Fibonacci, Leonardo, (1175?-1240?), was an Italian mathematician who helped introduce the Hindu-Arabic numerals (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) into Western Europe.
0195600|Fibrin is a white, fibrous protein substance that makes up the most important part of a blood clot.
0195620|Fichte, Johann Gottlieb, (1762-1814), was a German philosopher.
0195640|Fiction is a story created from an author's imagination.
0195680|Fiddler crab is the name of a group of small crabs that live along temperate and tropical seacoasts.
0195720|Fiedler, Arthur (1894-1979), conducted the Boston Pops Orchestra from 1930 to 1979.
0195780|Field is the name of an American family that became prominent in merchandising, publishing, and philanthropy.
0195790|Field, Cyrus West (1819-1892), was an American financier who promoted the first telegraph cable across the Atlantic (see CABLE ).
0195795|Field, David Dudley, Jr. (1805-1894), was a prominent lawyer and legal reformer.
0195800|Field, Eugene (1850-1895), was a popular American author and journalist who is best known today as a writer of children's literature.
0195820|Field, Rachel (1894-1942), was an American author.
0195830|Field, Stephen Johnson (1816-1899), was an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1863 to 1897.
0195920|Field hockey is a fast and exciting team sport in which players use sticks to try to hit a ball into their opponents' goal.
0195980|Field Museum of Natural History, in Chicago, is one of the world's largest and best-known natural history museums.
0196020|Field spaniel is a hunting dog.
0196040|Fielding, Henry (1707-1754), an English author, helped raise the novel to the status of high literature and shaped the novel as a literary form.
0196060|Fields, W. C. (1879-1946), was an American motion-picture comedian.
0196120|Fife is a small woodwind instrument that belongs to the flute family.
0196160|Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution guarantees that an American citizen shall not be discriminated against in exercising the right to vote.
0196180|Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution guarantees that people cannot be forced to testify against themselves in a criminal case.
0196200|Fifth column refers to undercover agents operating within the ranks of an enemy to undermine its cause.
0196240|Fifty-Four Forty or Fight was a slogan used during a boundary dispute between the United States and Britain.
0196260|Fig is a fruit that has probably been cultivated for more than 5,000 years.
0196320|Fightingfish is a small, quarrelsome fish that lives in the waters around the Malay Archipelago.
0196340|Figure of speech is the use of words in certain conventional patterns of thought and expression.
0196380|Figwort family is a group of about 3,000 species of herbs, shrubs, and small trees.
0196400|Fiji is a country in the South Pacific Ocean.
0196440|Filaria is a long, threadlike roundworm that lives as a parasite in the bodies of human beings and animals.
0196460|Filbert is the name for both the nut and the plant of a group of trees and shrubs that are closely related to the birches.
0196520|Filibustering is the practice by which a minority in a legislature uses extended debate to block or delay action on a proposed bill.
0196600|Fillmore, Millard (1800-1874), the second Vice President of the United States to inherit the nation's highest office, became President when Zachary Taylor died.
0196640|Filmstrip is a related series of still pictures on 35 mm.
0196660|Filter is a device that removes unwanted quantities from the flow of liquids or gases, or from the transmission of electric currents, beams of light, and sound waves.
0196700|Fin whale is the second-largest animal on earth.
0196760|Finance company is a firm that loans money to people who promise to repay the loan with interest in a specified period of time.
0196800|Finch is a general term applied to any small seed-eating songbird.
0196860|Fine is a payment of money ordered by a court from a person who has been found guilty of violating a law.
0196880|Fine arts is a term that refers in its broadest modern sense to architecture, ballet, concert music, literature, opera, painting, and sculpture.
0196940|Finger, Charles Joseph (1871-1941), an American adventure writer, won the 1925 Newbery Medal for his children's book Tales from Silver Lands (1924).
0196960|Finger Lakes are a group of long, narrow lakes in west-central New York.
0196980|Finger painting is a method of painting pictures using the fingers, hands, and arms to apply the paint.
0197020|Fingerprinting is a process of identification based on the impressions made by the ends of the fingers and thumbs.
0197080|Fink, Mike (1770-1823), was an American frontier fighter and boatman whose adventures became the subject of many stories and legends.
0197100|Finland is a country in northern Europe famous for its scenic beauty.
0197140|Finlay, Carlos Juan (1833-1915), a Cuban physician, was the first person to suggest that yellow fever might be transmitted by the bite of the household mosquito (Aedes aegypti).
0197180|Finn MacCool was the leader of the Fianna, an Irish band of warriors who appear in the Fenian cycle of ancient Irish tales.
0197220|Finnish spitz is a strong, sturdy dog related to the Siberian husky, the Samoyed, and other Arctic dogs.
0197280|Fiord, also spelled fjord, is a long, narrow, winding inlet or arm of the sea.
0197300|Fir is a common name for a number of handsome evergreen trees that belong to the pine family.
0197340|Fire. The earliest use people made of fire was to keep warm.
0197380|Fire ant is the name of several species of ants that inflict painful, burning stings.
0197460|Fire department is one of the most important organizations in a community.
0197480|Fire drill is an exercise to teach people to leave a place safely and speedily if fire breaks out.
0197500|Fire extinguisher is a metal container filled with water or chemicals used to put out fires.
0197560|Fire prevention is a term for the many safety measures used to keep harmful fires from starting.
0197680|Fire worship is an ancient religious practice based on the idea that fire is sacred.
0197700|Firearm is any weapon that uses gunpowder to fire a bullet or shell.
0197720|Fireball is a meteor that burns brightly as it plunges through the earth's atmosphere.
0197800|Firecracker flower is a plant with colorful tubelike flowers.
0197840|Firefly is any member of one particular family of soft-bodied beetles known for producing glowing or flashing light.
0197920|Fireproofing is the popular name for the coatings and methods used to protect paper, plastic, textiles, wood, and other materials against fire.
0197940|Firestone, Harvey Samuel (1868-1938), was an American industrial leader who pioneered in the field of automobile tires.
0197980|Fireweed, also called willow herb, is a plant native to North America, Europe, and Asia.
0198020|Fireworks are combinations of gunpowder and other ingredients that explode with loud noises and colorful sparks and flames when they burn.
0198080|First aid is the immediate care given to a victim of an accident, sudden illness, or other medical emergency.
0198120|First ladies. See pictures of the first ladies in the separate biographies of each President of the United States.
0198200|Firth is an arm of the sea or the opening of a river into the sea.
0198220|Firth of Clyde is the broad, irregularly shaped mouth of the River Clyde in southwestern Scotland.
0198240|Firth of Forth is the large mouth of the River Forth on the east coast of Scotland.
0198250|Fischer, Bobby (1943- ), became the first American to win the official world chess championship.
0198260|Fischer, Emil (1852-1919), a German chemist, won the 1902 Nobel Prize in chemistry for his wide research.
0198310|Fischer-Dieskau, Dietrich (1925- ), a German baritone, is considered one of the finest singers of lieder (German art songs) of his time (see LIEDER ).
0198340|Fish are vertebrates (backboned animals) that live in water.
0198361|Fish, Hamilton (1808-1893), was an American statesman.
0198400|Fish and Wildlife Service is an agency of the United States government that helps conserve the nation's birds, mammals, fish, and other wildlife.
0198600|Fisher, Saint John (1469?-1535), was a Roman Catholic bishop of Rochester, England.
0198620|Fisher, Vardis (1895-1968), an American author, became best known for his fictional history of the Mormons, The Children of God (1939).
0198700|Fishing is one of the most popular, relaxing, and rewarding forms of outdoor recreation.
0198740|Fishing industry is an important economic activity that provides food and jobs for millions of people.
0198790|Fisk, James (1834-1872), was an American financier who was involved in several business scandals in the late 1800's.
0198840|Fiske, John (1842-1901), was an American philosopher and historian who helped promote the theory of evolution.
0198860|Fiske, Minnie Maddern (1865-1932), was a leading American stage actress during the late 1800's and early 1900's.
0198880|Fission, in physics, is the splitting of the nucleus of an atom into two nearly equal parts.
0198940|Fitch, Clyde (1865-1909), was one of the most productive and successful American playwrights of his time.
0198960|Fitch, John (1743-1798), was an American inventor.
0199000|FitzGerald, Edward (1809-1883), was an English writer famous for compiling and translating The Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam, a collection of short poems attributed to the Persian poet, astronomer, and mathematician Omar Khayyam.
0199010|Fitzgerald, Ella (1918-1996), ranks among the best and most popular singers in jazz history.
0199020|Fitzgerald, F. Scott (1896-1940), was the leading writer of America's Jazz Age, the Roaring Twenties, and one of its glittering heroes.
0199080|Fitzsimmons, Bob (1863-1917), held the world's heavyweight boxing championship from 1897 to 1899.
0199090|Fitzsimmons, Frank Edward (1908-1981), served as president of the Teamsters Union from 1971 to 1981.
0199100|FitzSimons, Thomas (1741-1811), was a Pennsylvanian signer of the Constitution of the United States.
0199160|Five Civilized Tribes is a name for the Chickasaw, Choctaw, Cherokee, Creek, and Seminole Indians.
0199240|Five-year plan is a program to increase a country's standard of living in a five-year period.
0199280|Fixed star is an expression often used in referring to the stars, because their places in the sky relative to one another do not seem to change.
0199300|Fixture, in law, refers to personal property that has been affixed to houses, land, or other real estate.
0199320|Flag is a piece of cloth, usually with a picture or design on it, that stands for something.
0199340|Flag Day is celebrated on June 14 in memory of the day in 1777 when the Continental Congress adopted the Stars and Stripes as the official flag of the United States.
0199360|Flag of truce is a plain white flag used by opposing sides on a battlefield when they want to discuss peace terms.
0199380|Flag officer is the rank of the five highest officer grades in the United States Navy.
0199440|Flageolet is a small woodwind instrument that belongs to the flute family.
0199500|Flagler, Henry Morrison (1830-1913), was an American businessman.
0199520|Flagstad, Kirsten, (1895-1962), a Norwegian operatic soprano, became famous as an interpreter of the heroines in the operas of Richard Wagner.
0199540|Flagstaff, Ariz. (pop. 45,857), is the center of a lumbering region near the colorful San Francisco Mountains in northern Arizona.
0199560|Flaherty, Robert Joseph (1884-1951), was a pioneer American filmmaker.
0199570|Flahiff, George Bernard Cardinal (1905-1989), archbishop of Winnipeg, Man., was appointed a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church in 1969 by Pope Paul VI.
0199580|Flail is a hand implement used to thresh small grain crops such as wheat, barley, and oats.
0199640|Flame test is a way of identifying a chemical element by the color of the light it gives off when held in a flame.
0199680|Flame thrower is a weapon of war which shoots a stream of burning fuel in much the way that a fire hose squirts water.
0199700|Flamenco is a type of dance and music originally associated with the Gypsies of southern Spain.
0199720|Flamingo is a bird known for its long, stiltlike legs and curved bill and neck.
0199760|Flammarion, Camille (1842-1925), was one of the most imaginative and colorful writers of science books.
0199800|Flanagan, Edward Joseph (1886-1948), a Roman Catholic priest, founded Boys Town near Omaha, Nebr., in 1917.
0199820|Flanders is a part of northern Europe that was a separate political unit until modern times.
0199860|Flanders Field is a United States military cemetery near Waregem, Belgium.
0199880|Flannel is a soft, warm fabric.
0199940|Flashlight is a portable electric light in a metal, fiber, or plastic case.
0199980|Flat-coated retriever is a breed of medium-sized dog often used for hunting, flushing, and retrieving game from land and water.
0199990|Flat tax is a term used to describe any proposal that would flatten tax rates and eliminate most tax exemptions.
0200000|Flatboat is a large, raftlike barge used to haul freight and passengers.
0200040|Flatfish is the name of a large group of valuable food fishes that includes the halibut, flounder, and sole.
0200060|Flatfoot is an inherited condition in which the long arch of the foot appears to be flat or collapsed.
0200160|Flatworm is a kind of worm.
0200180|Flaubert, Gustave, (1821-1880), was a French writer whose novels contain some of the most vivid and lifelike characters and descriptions in literature.
0200220|Flax is a plant raised for its fiber and seed.
0200260|Flea is a small, wingless insect that lives on mammals and birds and sucks blood for food.
0200280|Fleabane is the name of a group of plants found throughout the world.
0200300|Fleet Prison, a historic London jail, took its name from its location near Fleet stream.
0200340|Fleming, Sir Alexander (1881-1955), was a British bacteriologist at St. Mary's Hospital at the University of London.
0200350|Fleming, Ian Lancaster (1908-1964), an English novelist, became one of the most popular authors of the mid-1900's.
0200380|Fleming, Sir Sandford (1827-1915), a Canadian civil engineer, built the Intercolonial Railway, which connected New Brunswick and Nova Scotia with Quebec.
0200410|Flemings are a group of people who live in northern Belgium.
0200440|Flesh is the name given to the soft tissues or parts of the body of human beings and of most animals with backbones.
0200500|Fletcher, John (1579-1625), was an English playwright.
0200510|Fletcher v. Peck, an 1810 Supreme Court case, marked the first time the Supreme Court of the United States declared a state law unconstitutional.
0200540|Fleur-de-lis is a French name that literally means flower of the lily, but actually refers to the iris.
0200600|Flexner, Abraham (1866-1959), became an outstanding authority on higher education, especially in the field of medicine.
0200660|Flicker is the name of several species of woodpeckers that live in North America and South America.
0200780|Flin Flon is a town on the border of Manitoba and Saskatchewan.
0200820|Flint (pop. 140,761; met. area pop. 430,459) is Michigan's fourth largest city.
0200830|Flint is a hard mineral that ranges in color from brown to dark gray to black.
0200840|Flintlock was a firing mechanism used in pistols, muskets, and other firearms from about 1620 to the mid-1800's.
0201020|Flood is a body of water that covers normally dry land.
0201060|Flooring is the general name given to all materials used to cover floors.
0201100|Flora is the name given to the plant life of a particular period of time or part of the world.
0201120|Florence (pop. 403,294) is an Italian city that became famous as the birthplace of the Renaissance.
0201200|Flores Island, (pop. 4,367), famed for its abundant foliage, is the westernmost island of the Portuguese Azores.
0201220|Florey, Lord (1898-1968), a British bacteriologist, helped develop with Ernst B. Chain the antibiotic penicillin (see ANTIBIOTIC ; PENICILLIN ).
0201240|Floriculture is the art, science, and business of growing ornamental plants.
0201260|Florida is one of the leading tourist states in the United States.
0201300|Florida, University of, is a combined state and land-grant university in Gainesville, Fla.
0201340|Florida Keys are a group of small islands or reefs that stretch in a curved line about 150 miles (241 kilometers) long from Biscayne Bay at Miami southwest into the Gulf of Mexico.
0201370|Florida panther is a large mammal that lives in the forests and swamps of southern Florida.
0201420|Florida State University is a state-controlled coeducational school in Tallahassee, Fla.
0201440|Florin is a type of coin first made in the Italian city of Florence in 1252.
0201450|Florissant Fossil Beds National Monument is near Florissant, Colo.
0201480|Flotation process is used to separate valuable minerals from each other or from other minerals with which they are mixed.
0201500|Flotsam, jetsam, and lagan, are terms used to describe goods in the sea.
0201520|Flounder is the name of a group of saltwater flatfishes.
0201540|Flour is a powdery food made by grinding grain.
0201560|Flour beetle is any of several small, reddish, flattened beetles that breed in flour, meal, and other grain products.
0201580|Flower is a blossom or an entire plant that is known for its blossoms.
0201600|Flowering maple is the common name for about 90 kinds of herbs and shrubs that grow in temperate regions of Africa, Asia, and North and South America.
0201620|Flowering tobacco is the name of several annual and perennial plants in the nightshade family.
0201640|Floyd, William (1734-1821), an American statesman, was a New York signer of the Declaration of Independence in 1776.
0201700|Flugelhorn is a brass musical instrument that resembles a large cornet and has the same general range of about 2 1 2 octaves.
0201720|Fluid is any substance that flows easily.
0201730|Fluid mechanics is the study of how fluids--liquids and gases--behave at rest and in motion.
0201760|Fluke is any one of a large group of parasitic flatworms (see FLATWORM ).
0201800|Fluorescence is a process by which a variety of substances give off light or another form of electromagnetic radiation when they absorb energy.
0201820|Fluorescent lamp is a tube-shaped electric light that has wide use in factories, offices, and schools.
0201840|Fluoridation is the addition of a chemical called fluoride to water supplies to help teeth resist decay.
0201880|Fluorine is a chemical element.
0201900|Fluorite, also called fluorspar or fluor, is a common mineral composed of calcium and fluorine.
0201920|Fluoroscopy is a diagnostic medical procedure that uses X rays.
0201960|Flute is a woodwind instrument that serves as a soprano voice in many bands, orchestras, and woodwind groups.
0202000|Flux, in chemistry, is any substance that lowers the melting point of a substance to which it is added.
0202040|Fly is an insect with one pair of well-developed wings.
0202100|Flycatcher is the name of several groups of birds that catch insects in the air.
0202200|Flying dragon is the name commonly given to the so-called flying lizards of southeastern Asia and the East Indies.
0202220|Flying Dutchman is a ghost ship in folklore.
0202300|Flying fox is a kind of large bat, not a fox.
0202320|Flying lemur, or colugo, is a common mammal of Southeast Asia.
0202400|Flying squirrel is a squirrel that can glide through the air.
0202420|Flying Tigers was the popular name for the American Volunteer Group, a small force of volunteer U.S. aviators who became widely known as one of the most colorful groups of World War II (1939-1945).
0202425|Flyingfish is a type of fish that throws itself from the water with the motion of its strong tail.
0202430|Flynn, Elizabeth Gurley (1890-1964), was an American labor leader.
0202480|Flywheel is a heavy wheel attached to the shaft of an engine to keep its speed nearly constant.
0202580|Foch, Ferdinand, (1851-1929), a French military leader, was acclaimed by many as the greatest Allied general of World War I.
0202660|Foehn is a warm, dry wind that blows down a mountainside.
0202700|Fog is a collection of tiny water droplets that float in the air.
0202760|Fokine, Michel, (1880-1942), was a great Russian choreographer (dance creator).
0202780|Fokker, Anthony Herman Gerard (1890-1939), was a Dutch engineer, pilot, and aircraft manufacturer.
0202830|Foley, Thomas Stephen (1929- ), a Democrat from the state of Washington, served as a member of the United States House of Representatives from 1965 to 1995.
0202840|Folger Shakespeare Library, in Washington, D.C., houses one of the most important collections of books on British civilization from about 1485 to 1715.
0202860|Folio is the name printers and publishers use for a sheet of paper folded once, making four pages, front and back.
0202880|Folk art is a term that refers to the work of painters, sculptors, and craftworkers who have little or no training as artists.
0202920|Folk dancing is the traditional form of social dancing of a nation or ethnic group.
0202940|Folk music consists of a people's traditional songs and melodies.
0202980|Folklore is any of the beliefs, customs, and traditions that people pass on from generation to generation.
0203060|Folsom point, a type of prehistoric spearhead, was the first evidence that human beings lived in North America during the Ice Age.
0203101|Fonda, Henry (1905-1982), was an American stage and motion-picture actor.
0203102|Fonda, Jane (1937- ), is an American motion-picture actress.
0203200|Fontainebleau, (pop. 18,037), a small city in northern France, is famous for a magnificent chateau (castle) that stands in a nearby forest.
0203240|Fontane, Theodor (1819-1898), a German author, became known for his realistic and critical novels about Prussian society during the 1800's.
0203260|Fontanne, Lynn (1887-1983), was an American actress.
0203300|Fonteyn, Dame Margot (1919-1991), is generally considered the greatest British ballerina of all time.
0203340|Food is one of our most basic needs.
0203360|Food, Frozen. Freezing is one of the best ways to preserve foods.
0203370|Food additive is any substance that a consumer, a chef, or a food manufacturer adds to a food.
0203380|Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations.
0203400|Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services.
0203440|Food for Peace is a United States government program that makes U.S. farm products available to less developed countries and needy people.
0203480|Food poisoning results from eating food that has been contaminated by bacteria or chemicals or that is poisonous in itself.
0203500|Food preservation is the term used to describe any process used to slow the normal decay of food.
0203510|Food Stamp Program is a United States government plan to help low-income households buy more and better food than they normally could afford.
0203515|Food supply is the total amount of food available to all the people in the world.
0203660|Foot is a unit of length in the inch-pound system of measurement customarily used in the United States.
0203680|Foot is the structure at the end of the leg, on which humans and some animals stand.
0203690|Foot, Michael (1913- ), served as the leader of Great Britain's Labour Party from 1980 to 1983.
0203700|Foot-and-mouth disease is a highly contagious disease of animals.
0203720|Foot-candle is a unit of measurement of illumination, the amount of light that falls on an object.
0203740|Foot-pound is a unit of work and energy in the inch-pound system of measurement customarily used in the United States.
0203760|Football is an exciting team sport played chiefly in the United States and Canada.
0203780|Foote, Andrew Hull (1806-1863), was a Union Navy officer during the Civil War.
0203820|Footnote is a note printed in small type at the bottom of a page or at the end of a chapter or book.
0203840|Footprinting is a system of identification similar to fingerprinting.
0203900|Forbes, Esther (1891-1967), was an American author.
0203980|Force is any cause that changes the motion or the shape of an object.
0204000|Force bill was any of several measures passed or considered by the United States Congress that authorized the use of military power to enforce federal law.
0204040|Ford is a place where a stream or river can be crossed.
0204060|Ford, Ford Madox (1873-1939), was an English author of complex and symbolic novels which show the influence of the psychological novels of Henry James.
0204070|Ford, Gerald Rudolph (1913- ), was the only Vice President of the United States to become President upon the resignation of a chief executive.
0204080|Ford, Hannibal Choate (1877-1955), an American inventor and engineer, developed equipment to control the range and accuracy of gunfire.
0204085|Ford, Henry (1863-1947), was the leading manufacturer of American automobiles in the early 1900's.
0204087|Ford, Henry, II (1917-1987), was an American automobile manufacturer who reorganized the Ford Motor Company during the 1940's and rescued it from near bankruptcy.
0204090|Ford, John (1586-1640?), was an English playwright.
0204095|Ford, John (1895-1973), became the first motion-picture director to win Academy Awards for four movies.
0204100|Ford, Wendell Hampton (1924- ), a Democrat from Kentucky, became minority whip (assistant leader) of the United States Senate in 1995.
0204120|Ford Foundation is the world's largest foundation.
0204140|Ford Motor Company ranks as one of the giants of American industry.
0204320|Foreign aid refers to the money, goods, or services that governments and private organizations give to help other nations and their people.
0204340|Foreign correspondent reports the news from important places in other countries.
0204400|Foreign Legion is one of the world's most colorful and gallant fighting forces.
0204440|Foreign policy refers to the relations of a nation with other nations in an attempt to achieve a set of objectives.
0204460|Foreign Policy Association (FPA) is a national organization whose purpose is to increase the interest and understanding of Americans in world affairs.
0204500|Foreign Service is the principal organization through which the international affairs of the United States government are conducted.
0204560|Foreign trade zone is an area in the United States where importers may store, exhibit, and process foreign goods without paying customs duties (import taxes).
0204570|Foreman, George (1949- ), an American boxer, became the oldest fighter to win the heavyweight championship.
0204580|Foreordination is the belief that every event is foreordained, or decreed beforehand, by God.
0204660|Forest is a large area of land covered with trees.
0204720|Forest products have long provided people with food, shelter, clothing, and fuel.
0204780|Forest Service is an agency of the United States Department of Agriculture.
0204820|Forester, Cecil Scott (1899-1966), was an English novelist who won fame for his fictional creation of Horatio Hornblower, a British naval hero of the 1800's.
0204900|Forestry is the science of managing forest resources for human benefit.
0204940|Forfeiture is a legal punishment or penalty by which a person who is guilty of wrongdoing or who has breached a contract or condition loses some right or possession.
0204960|Forgery is deliberately tampering with a written paper for the purpose of deceit or fraud.
0204980|Forget-me-not is a plant that belongs to the borage family.
0205000|Forging is a process in which metal is shaped by being heated and then hammered or pressed.
0205060|Formaldehyde is probably most familiar as the active ingredient in the solution used to preserve insects and other biological specimens.
0205100|Formic acid is an important industrial chemical.
0205160|Forrest, Edwin (1806-1872), was probably the first important actor in the history of American theater.
0205180|Forrest, Nathan Bedford (1821-1877), was a Confederate general in the American Civil War.
0205200|Forrestal, James Vincent (1892-1949), was the first United States secretary of defense.
0205240|Forster, E. M. (1879-1970), was an English novelist, essayist, and literary critic.
0205260|Forsythia is a shrub that belongs to the olive family.
0205280|Fort originally was a fortified building or place that provided defense against attack.
0205440|Fort Belvoir, Virginia, is the site of the United States Army Defense Systems Management College.
0205460|Fort Benjamin Harrison, Indiana, is the home of the United States Army Finance and Accounting Center and the Soldier Support Center.
0205480|Fort Benning, Georgia, is the site of the United States Army Infantry Center.
0205500|Fort Bliss, Texas, houses the United States Army Air Defense Artillery Center and School.
0205520|Fort Bragg, North Carolina, is the home of airborne combat units of the United States Army.
0205720|Fort Dearborn, a famous American fort, was built near the mouth of the Chicago River, close to Chicago's present Michigan Avenue Bridge.
0205740|Fort-de-France, (pop. 99,844), is the capital of Martinique, an island in the West Indies that is an overseas department of France.
0205800|Fort Dix, New Jersey, is a center of training for both reserve and active-duty members of the Army and other United States armed services.
0205840|Fort Duquesne was built by the French in 1754 at the headwaters of the Ohio River near what is now Pittsburgh, Pa.
0205860|Fort Eustis, Virginia, houses the United States Army Transportation Center.
0205880|Fort Frederica National Monument is on Saint Simons Island in Georgia.
0205940|Fort George G. Meade, Maryland, houses the headquarters of the First United States Army and the National Security Agency.
0205960|Fort Gordon, Georgia is the home of the United States Army Signal School and the Dwight D. Eisenhower Medical Center.
0206040|Fort Hood, Texas, houses some of the armored units of the United States Army.
0206140|Fort Knox, Kentucky, houses the United States Army Armor Center.
0206180|Fort Lauderdale, (pop. 149,377; met. area pop. 1,255,488), is a major resort city and a leading vacation and retirement center in Florida.
0206200|Fort Leavenworth, Kansas is the home of the United States Army Combined Arms Center.
0206220|Fort Lee, Virginia, is the home of the United States Army Quartermaster Center and School, the Army Logistics Center, and the Army Logistics Management College.
0206260|Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri, is the home of the United States Army's Engineer Center and School.
0206420|Fort Matanzas National Monument is near St. Augustine, Florida.
0206440|Fort McClellan, Alabama, is the home of the United States Army Chemical School, the Military Police School, and the Department of Defense Polygraph Institute.
0206460|Fort McHenry National Monument and Historic Shrine is in Baltimore.
0206480|Fort McPherson, Georgia, serves as the headquarters of the United States Army Forces Command.
0206520|Fort Monmouth, New Jersey, is the headquarters of the United States Army Communications-Electronics Command.
0206540|Fort Monroe, Virginia, is the headquarters of the United States Army Training and Doctrine Command.
0206560|Fort Moultrie is an American fort on Sullivan's Island at the main entrance to Charleston Harbor, S.C.
0206580|Fort Necessity was a small, circular log stockade built by George Washington in 1754 in southwestern Pennsylvania.
0206600|Fort Niagara was built by the French in 1726 on land bought from the Seneca Indians.
0206620|Fort Peck Dam, on the Missouri River in northeastern Montana, is one of the largest earth-fill dams in the world.
0206630|Fort Pickens was a U.S. military post on Santa Rosa Island near Pensacola, Fla.
0206700|Fort Pulaski National Monument is on the coast of Georgia.
0206740|Fort Randall Dam is part of a large-scale federal program for the development of the Missouri River basin.
0206800|Fort Riley, Kansas, is the home of the United States Army's First Infantry Division.
0206820|Fort Rucker, Alabama, houses the United States Army Aviation Center.
0206860|Fort Sam Houston, Texas, houses the headquarters of the Fifth United States Army.
0206880|Fort Shafter, Hawaii, serves as the headquarters of the United States Army Western Command.
0206920|Fort Sill, Oklahoma, is the site of the United States Army Field Artillery Center and School.
0206940|Fort Smith (pop. 72,798; met. area pop. 175,911) is the most important manufacturing center in Arkansas and the state's second largest city.
0206990|Fort Stanwix National Monument, in Rome, N.Y., was authorized in 1935 as a memorial to the Revolutionary War in America (1775-1783) and United States colonial history.
0207000|Fort Sumter was the site of the first shot fired in the American Civil War (1861-1865).
0207020|Fort Sumter National Monument lies in Charleston Harbor, South Carolina.
0207040|Fort Supply Dam is a federal flood-control project in northwestern Oklahoma.
0207060|Fort Ticonderoga, on the western shore of Lake Champlain in New York state, was a stronghold during the Revolutionary War in America (1775-1783).
0207100|Fort Union National Monument is near Watrous, N. Mex.
0207180|Fort Wayne (pop. 173,072; met. area pop. 456,281) is a commercial and industrial center in northeastern Indiana.
0207260|Fort Worth, Tex. (pop. 447,619; met. area pop. 1,361,034), is a major industrial city and one of the nation's chief aircraft producers.
0207280|Fortaleza, (pop. 1,824,911; met. area pop. 2,119,774), is a city on the northeast coast of Brazil.
0207290|Fortas, Abe (1910-1982), was appointed an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States by President Lyndon B. Johnson in 1965.
0207300|Forten, James (1766-1842), was an African American businessman who won fame as an abolitionist during the early 1800's.
0207340|Fortuna was the goddess of luck in Roman mythology.
0207360|Fortunetelling is the practice of predicting future events by methods generally considered illogical and unscientific.
0207410|Forty-Niners were gold-seekers who rushed to California after gold was discovered there in 1848.
0207460|Forum, Roman, was the section of ancient Rome that served as the center of government.
0207470|Foscolo, Ugo (1778-1827), was an Italian author.
0207480|Fosdick, Harry Emerson (1878-1969), became one of the best-known Protestant preachers in the United States.
0207500|Foss, Joseph Jacob (1915- ), was a leading United States fighter pilot in the South Pacific during World War II.
0207510|Fossey, Dian (1932-1985), was an American zoologist who studied the mountain gorillas of the Virunga Mountains in east-central Africa.
0207520|Fossil is the mark or remains of a plant or animal that lived thousands or millions of years ago.
0207530|Fossil Butte National Monument, an area of rare fish fossils, is in southwestern Wyoming.
0207540|Foster, Sir George Eulas (1847-1931), was an outstanding Canadian statesman.
0207560|Foster, Stephen Collins (1826-1864), was one of America's best-loved songwriters.
0207565|Foster care provides children or adults with supervision and a place to live outside their usual home setting.
0207580|Foucault, Jean Bernard Leon, (1819-1868), a French physicist, used a revolving mirror to measure the speed of light.
0207590|Foucault, Michel, (1926-1984), was a French philosopher and historian.
0207660|Foundations are organizations that aid research, cultural progress, and human welfare.
0207680|Founding Fathers were American statesmen of the revolutionary period (late 1700's), particularly those who wrote the Constitution of the United States.
0207720|Foundry is a plant where workers make molded metal products called castings.
0207740|Fountain is a jet or stream of water that rises naturally or artificially as a result of pressure.
0207780|Fountain of Youth was an imaginary spring.
0207820|Four Corners is the only place in the United States where four states meet.
0207900|4-H is an educational program that helps young people develop new skills, explore possible career choices, and serve their communities.
0207940|Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse are beings mentioned in the sixth chapter of the last book of the New Testament of the Bible, The Revelation of St. John the Divine.
0207960|Four-o'clock, also called the marvel-of-Peru, is an attractive perennial from tropical America.
0207990|Fourier, Charles (1772-1837), was an important French socialist.
0208060|Fourteen Points were a set of principles proposed by United States President Woodrow Wilson as the basis for ending World War I (1914-1918) and for keeping the peace.
0208080|Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States forbids the states to deny any citizen the rights granted by federal law.
0208100|Fourth dimension. We usually think of space as having three dimensions: length, width, and height.
0208120|Fourth estate is a name often given to the newspaper profession.
0208220|Fox is a bushy-tailed, sharp-snouted member of the dog family.
0208240|Fox, Charles James (1749-1806), a brilliant English statesman and speaker, was a friend of the American Colonies in their fight for freedom.
0208260|Fox, George (1624-1691), an English religious leader, founded the Society of Friends, or Quakers, about 1647.
0208290|Fox, Paula (1923- ), an American author, won the 1974 Newbery Medal for her children's novel The Slave Dancer.
0208295|Fox, Terry (1958-1981), was a courageous young Canadian athlete.
0208300|Fox hunting, also called riding to hounds, is a sport that originated in England in about the middle 1700's.
0208360|Fox trot is a ballroom dance that first became popular in the United States about 1914.
0208380|Foxglove is the name for a group of plants native to Europe, northern Africa, and western and central Asia.
0208410|Foxtail barley is a troublesome weed found throughout North America.
0208430|Foxx, Jimmie (1907-1967), became one of the leading home run hitters in baseball history.
0208440|Foyt, A. J. (1935- ), became one of the greatest drivers in auto racing history.
0208470|Fractal is a complex geometric figure whose small-scale and large-scale structures resemble one another.
0208480|Fraction is a part of something.
0208520|Fracture is a broken bone.
0208560|Fragmentation is the breaking of any material into small pieces.
0208580|Fragonard, Jean Honore, (1732-1806), a French painter, was one of the most versatile artists of the 1700's.
0208620|Franc is the standard coin of France.
0208640|France is the largest country of Western Europe in area.
0208660|France, Anatole, (1844-1924), was the pen name of Jacques Anatole Francois Thibault, a French novelist and critic.
0208720|Franchise is the right to sell certain products or services for a particular period at a specific location.
0208781|Francis I (1494-1547) of France became king in 1515.
0208790|Francis II (1768-1835) was the last Holy Roman emperor.
0208795|Francis, Dick (1920- ), is a British author of mystery novels, most with horse-racing backgrounds.
0208800|Francis de Sales, Saint (1567-1622), was a French nobleman.
0208840|Francis Joseph (1830-1916), also spelled Franz Josef, was the aged ruler of the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary at the beginning of World War I (1914-1918).
0208860|Francis of Assisi, Saint (1181 or 1182-1226), founded the Franciscans, a Roman Catholic religious order.
0208900|Franciscans are members of a variety of Roman Catholic religious orders that take their inspiration and rule (program of life) from Saint Francis of Assisi.
0208920|Francium is a radioactive element produced in certain nuclear reactions.
0208940|Franck, Cesar (1822-1890), was a French composer, organist, and teacher.
0208980|Franco, Francisco (1892-1975), was dictator of Spain from 1939 until his death in 1975.
0209000|Franco-Prussian War began in 1870 as a result of a dispute between France and Prussia, a German state.
0209050|Frank, Anne (1929-1945), a German-Jewish girl, wrote a vivid, tender diary while hiding from the Nazis during World War II.
0209080|Frankenstein is a famous horror novel written by the English author Mary Shelley.
0209090|Frankenthaler, Helen (1928- ), is a leading American painter.
0209100|Frankfort (pop. 25,968) is the capital of Kentucky.
0209140|Frankfurt, (pop. 644,865), is the transportation hub of Germany.
0209200|Frankfurter, Felix (1882-1965), served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1939 until he retired in 1962.
0209220|Frankincense is a fragrant gum resin used as a raw material for perfumes.
0209240|Franking and penalty privileges are ways of sending official matter through the United States mails without prepayment of postage.
0209250|Franklin, Aretha (1942- ), an American rhythm and blues singer, ranks among the best-selling female artists in the history of recorded music.
0209260|Franklin, Benjamin (1706-1790), was a jack-of-all-trades and master of many.
0209300|Franklin, Sir John (1786-1847), an English explorer, led several expeditions to the Arctic region.
0209310|Franklin, John Hope (1915- ), an American historian, has written many books about African Americans.
0209315|Franklin, Rosalind Elsie (1920-1958), was a British chemist and molecular biologist.
0209320|Franklin, State of, was never admitted to the Union.
0209380|Franklin Institute is a science education institution in Philadelphia.
0209420|Franklin's gull is a gull that lives on the prairies during the summer.
0209425|Franks were members of a confederation of Germanic peoples that attacked the Roman Empire beginning in the A.D. 200's.
0209440|Franz Josef Land is a group of about 85 islands in the Arctic Ocean, north of Novaya Zemlya.
0209450|Fraser, Douglas Andrew (1916- ), was an American labor leader.
0209460|Fraser, James Earle (1876-1953), an American sculptor, created many public and architectural sculptures.
0209470|Fraser, Malcolm (1930- ), served as prime minister of Australia from 1975 to 1983.
0209480|Fraser, Simon (1776-1862), was a fur trader and explorer in what is now the Canadian province of British Columbia.
0209500|Fraser River is a waterway in British Columbia that is famous for its salmon fisheries.
0209540|Fraternal society is an association of persons drawn together by common interests.
0209560|Fraternity is a society of college or university students and alumni.
0209580|Fraud is an intentional untruth or a dishonest scheme used to take deliberate and unfair advantage of another person or group of persons.
0209600|Fraunces Tavern is famous as the place where George Washington said farewell to his officers on Dec. 4, 1783.
0209620|Frazer, Sir James George (1854-1941), a Scottish anthropologist, wrote the famous Golden Bough.
0209630|Frazier, Edward Franklin (1894-1962), a sociologist, was a leading authority on black life in the United States.
0209670|Frederic, Harold (1856-1898), played an important part in the rise of realism in American fiction.
0209721|Frederick I (1121?-1190), called Barbarossa or Red Beard, succeeded his uncle Conrad III as king of Germany in 1152.
0209722|Frederick II (1194-1250), called Stupor Mundi (The Amazement of the World), was one of the most brilliant rulers of the Middle Ages.
0209723|Frederick II (1712-1786), the third king of Prussia, became known as Frederick the Great.
0209724|Frederick III (1831-1888), the only son of Wilhelm I, became king of Prussia and German emperor in 1888.
0209780|Frederick William (1620-1688), often called the Great Elector, ruled the German state of Brandenburg from 1640 to 1688.
0209801|Frederick William I (1688-1740) served as king of Prussia from 1713 until his death.
0209820|Fredericksburg, Va. (pop. 19,027), is one of the most historic cities in the United States.
0209880|Fredericton (pop. 46,466) is the capital of the Canadian province of New Brunswick.
0209900|Frederik, also spelled Frederick, is the name of two kings of Denmark who were members of the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glucksburg.
0209980|Free city is an independent or nearly independent city-state with its own government.
0210020|Free Methodist Church is a religious denomination.
0210040|Free-piston engine, sometimes called a gasifier, generates hot gases usually used to run a turbine.
0210080|Free silver was a plan to put more money in circulation in the United States by coining silver dollars.
0210100|Free Soil Party was a political group organized in Buffalo, N.Y., in 1848.
0210140|Free trade is the policy of permitting the people of a country to buy and sell where they please without restrictions.
0210150|Free trade zone is an area in a country where goods can be imported without paying customs duties (import taxes).
0210160|Free verse is a style of poetry that does not follow traditional rules of poetry composition.
0210180|Free will is a term for the free choice most of us assume we have in making decisions.
0210200|Freedmen's Bureau was an agency created by the United States Congress to help the slaves freed at the end of the Civil War (1861-1865).
0210220|Freedom is the ability to make choices and to carry them out.
0210260|Freedom Day, National, falls on February 1.
0210270|Freedom of Information Act is a law that authorizes anyone to examine most of the records of agencies in the executive branch of the United States government.
0210280|Freedom of religion is the right of a person to believe in and practice whatever faith he or she chooses.
0210300|Freedom of speech is the right to speak out publicly or privately.
0210320|Freedom of the press is the right to publish facts, ideas, and opinions without interference from the government or from private groups.
0210420|Freeman, Douglas Southall (1886-1953), a United States historian and editor, became a leading authority on the history of the Confederacy.
0210440|Freeman, Mary Eleanor Wilkins (1852-1930), was an American author.
0210460|Freeman, Orville Lothrop (1918- ), served as secretary of agriculture from 1961 to 1969, under Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson.
0210540|Freer Gallery of Art, in Washington, D.C., is a government museum famous for its collections of Asian art.
0210560|Freesia is the name of about 20 species of plants with fragrant, colorful flowers.
0210600|Freethinker is a person who refuses to accept the authority of a church or the Bible.
0210620|Freetown (pop. 469,776) is the seaport capital of Sierra Leone.
0210650|Freeze-drying is a method of preserving substances by removing water from them.
0210660|Freezing point is the temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a solid.
0210680|Freight is raw materials or manufactured goods transported from one place to another.
0210710|Frejus Tunnels are two tunnels--one a railroad tunnel and the other a motor-traffic tunnel--that connect the Italian province of Turin with the French province of Savoy.
0210720|Fremont, John Charles (1813-1890), sometimes called "The Pathfinder," explored much of the area between the Rocky Mountains and the Pacific Ocean.
0210740|French, Daniel Chester (1850-1931), was one of the most famous American sculptors of his time.
0210760|French, John Denton Pinkstone (1852-1925), Earl of Ypres, commanded the first units of British soldiers sent to France in World War I (1914-1918).
0210780|French Academy is a French organization of intellectuals.
0210800|French and Indian wars were four wars fought one after another in North America between 1689 and 1763.
0210820|French bulldog is a strong, heavy little dog.
0210920|French Equatorial Africa was a federation of four territories in central Africa that was administered by France.
0210960|French Guiana is an overseas department (administrative district) of France on the northeastern coast of South America.
0211000|French horn is a brass musical instrument.
0211040|French language is the official language of France, its overseas territories, and associated states.
0211060|French literature is one of the world's richest and most influential national literatures.
0211120|French Polynesia is an overseas territory of France in the South Pacific Ocean.
0211160|French Revolution brought about great changes in the society and government of France.
0211240|French West Africa was a federation of eight territories in western Africa.
0211260|French West Indies consist of several small islands at the eastern end of the Caribbean Sea.
0211300|Freneau, Philip (1752-1832), was an American poet and journalist.
0211365|Frequency band, also called waveband, is a range of radio frequencies set aside for a single broadcasting station.
0211380|Frequency modulation, usually called simply FM, is a method of sending sound signals on radio waves.
0211400|Fresco is a painting made on fresh plaster, using pigments mixed with water.
0211420|Fresno, (pop. 354,202; met. area pop. 755,580), is the main marketing, distribution, and financial center of central California.
0211470|Freud, Anna (1895-1982), was an Austrian-born leader in the field of child psychoanalysis, the treatment of mental illness in children.
0211480|Freud, Sigmund (1856-1939), was an Austrian physician who revolutionized ideas on how the human mind works.
0211520|Frey, also called Freyr, was the god of agriculture and fertility in Norse mythology.
0211540|Freyja was the goddess of love and fertility in Norse mythology.
0211580|Friar is the title applied to a member of one of the Roman Catholic religious orders of men who originally lived as mendicants (beggars).
0211680|Friction is the property that objects have which makes them resist being moved across one another.
0211700|Friday is the sixth day of the week.
0211710|Friedan, Betty (1921- ), is considered the founder of the women's liberation movement in the United States.
0211730|Friedman, Milton (1912- ), is an American economist whose controversial theories sparked widespread debate.
0211820|Frietchie, Barbara, is the name of a woman who supposedly acted bravely to protect the Union flag against Confederate troops in 1862.
0211860|Frigate is a warship used chiefly to escort amphibious and merchant ships.
0211880|Frigatebird is a sea bird with a large wingspread and unusually great powers of flight.
0211960|Friml, Rudolf (1879-1972), was one of the most popular composers of operettas of the early 1900's.
0212010|Fringetree is a small tree or large shrub named for its fringelike white flower petals.
0212015|Frisbee is a plastic, saucer-shaped disk that skims through the air when flipped with the hand.
0212020|Frisch, Karl von (1886-1982), an Austrian zoologist, was a pioneer in the field of animal behavior.
0212030|Frisch, Max (1911-1991), a Swiss author, became one of the leading writers in the German-speaking world after World War II.
0212035|Frisch, Ragnar, (1895-1973), a Norwegian economist, shared the 1969 Nobel Prize in economics with Jan Tinbergen of the Netherlands.
0212080|Fritillary is the common name for a genus (group) of herbs that belong to the lily family.
0212110|Frobel, Friedrich Wilhelm August, (1782-1852), was a German educator who founded the kindergarten movement.
0212120|Frobisher, Sir Martin (1535?-1594), was one of the first English navigators to search for a Northwest Passage to India and eastern Asia.
0212160|Frog is a small, tailless animal with bulging eyes.
0212220|Froissart, Jean, (1337?-after 1404), was a French historian and poet who is best known for his Chronicles (1369-1400?).
0212230|Fromm, Erich (1900-1980), was a German-born social philosopher and psychoanalyst.
0212260|Fronde was a series of revolts against the French monarchy.
0212340|Frontenac, Comte de, (1620-1698), was governor general of New France, the French empire in North America, in the late 1600's.
0212400|Frost is a pattern of ice crystals formed from water vapor on grass, windowpanes, and other exposed surfaces near the ground.
0212420|Frost, Robert Lee (1874-1963), became the most popular American poet of his time.
0212440|Frostbite is an injury that results from overexposure of the skin to extreme cold.
0212490|Fructose is a sugar produced by nearly all fruits and by many vegetables.
0212500|Fruit is the part of a flowering plant that contains the plant's seeds.
0212540|Fruit fly is any of several kinds of flies whose larvae eat their way through different fruits.
0212620|Fry, Christopher (1907- ), is an English playwright.
0212640|Fry, Elizabeth Gurney (1780-1845), a British reformer, was among the first to insist that prisoners need help rather than punishment in becoming good citizens.
0212660|Frye, Northrop (1912-1991), was a Canadian literary and social critic.
0212740|Fuchs, Sir Vivian Ernest (1908- ), is a British geologist and Antarctic expert.
0212760|Fuchsia is a house and garden plant that is widely cultivated in North America and Europe.
0212800|Fuel is a material that provides useful energy.
0212820|Fuel cell is a device that converts chemical energy to electrical energy.
0212880|Fuel injection is a system for squirting fuel into the cylinders of gasoline and diesel engines.
0212940|Fuentes, Carlos (1928- ), is Mexico's best-known fiction writer and an important figure in Spanish-American literature.
0212950|Fugard, Athol, (1932- ), is a South African playwright.
0212960|Fugitive slave laws were laws that provided for the return of runaway slaves who escaped from one state to another.
0213000|Fugue is a musical composition in which several voices or instruments repeat a number of melodies with slight variations.
0213050|Fulani are a people of the grassy regions of western Africa.
0213060|Fulbright, J. William (1905-1995), an Arkansas Democrat, served in the United States Senate from 1945 to 1974.
0213080|Fulbright Scholarship is an award by the United States government for research, teaching, or graduate study.
0213170|Fuller, Buckminster (1895-1983), was an American engineer and inventor who sought to express the technology and needs of modern life in buildings and enclosures of space.
0213180|Fuller, Margaret (1810-1850), was an American journalist and reformer.
0213200|Fuller, Melville Weston (1833-1910), served as chief justice of the United States from 1888 to 1910.
0213220|Fuller's earth is a clay-rich material used mainly as a cleaner and purifier.
0213260|Fulmar, an ocean bird, is one of the petrels.
0213280|Fulton, Robert (1765-1815), was an American inventor, mechanical and civil engineer, and artist.
0213320|Fumarole is a hole or vent in the ground that gives off volcanic gases.
0213340|Fumigation is a method of killing pests that involves the use of toxic gases.
0213350|Funafuti, (pop. 2,800), is the capital of Tuvalu, a small island country in the South Pacific Ocean.
0213360|Funchal, (pop. 48,638), is the capital, largest city, and chief port of the Madeira Islands.
0213460|Fundamentalism is a broad movement within Protestantism in the United States.
0213520|Funeral customs are special ceremonies performed after a person dies.
0213535|Fungal disease is any sickness caused by fungi.
0213540|Fungi are organisms that lack chlorophyll, the green coloring matter that many plants use to make food.
0213560|Fungicide is a chemical substance used to kill growths called fungi that are harmful to human beings and plants.
0213590|Funj Sultanate was a Muslim empire in what is now Sudan in northeastern Africa.
0213620|Funny bone is not a bone, but a sensitive place at the bend of the elbow.
0213640|Funston, Frederick (1865-1917), an American soldier, played an important part in the overseas expansion of the United States in the 1890's and early 1900's.
0213660|Fur is the thick growth of hair that covers the skin of many kinds of animals.
0213680|Fur trade was one of the earliest and most important industries in North America.
0213700|Furfural is a liquid chemical used in many industries.
0213720|Furies were the terrible goddesses of vengeance in Roman mythology.
0213740|Furlong is a unit of length in the inch-pound system of measurement that is customarily used in the United States.
0213780|Furnace is a device in which heat is produced.
0213820|Furniture consists of chairs, tables, beds, and other pieces that provide comfort and convenience in our daily lives.
0213860|Furtwangler, Wilhelm, (1886-1954), was a noted German orchestra conductor.
0213880|Furze is a spiny shrub native to Europe and Africa.
0213900|Fuse is a device used to cause an explosion.
0213920|Fuse is a device that protects an electric circuit against damage from excessive current.
0214040|Fusion, in physics, is the joining of the nuclei of two atoms to form the nucleus of a heavier element.
0214100|Future Homemakers of America is a national vocational organization for junior high and high school students enrolled in home economics subjects.
0214200|Futurism was an Italian art movement that flourished from 1909 to about 1916.
0214230|Fuzhou, (pop. 1,129,251), also spelled Foo-chow or Fu-chou, is the capital of Fujian Province in China.
0214240|G is the seventh letter of our alphabet.
0214260|G is a symbol used to rate the forces that act on riders in any kind of vehicle, whether an airplane, a spacecraft, or even a Ferris wheel
0214300|Gabardine, is a fabric woven in such a way that it has diagonal lines of the yarn raised on one side of the cloth.
0214360|Gable, Clark (1901-1960), was a popular romantic star of American motion pictures.
0214370|Gabo, Naum, (1890-1977), was a Russian-born sculptor.
0214380|Gabon is a small, heavily forested country that lies on the west coast of Africa.
0214385|Gabor, Dennis (1900-1979), a Hungarian-born engineer, invented holography, a method of making three-dimensional photographs.
0214390|Gaborone, (pop. 96,000), is the capital and largest city of Botswana.
0214480|Gadolinium is a silver-white metal of the rare-earth group of chemical elements (see RARE EARTH ).
0214540|Gadsden was the family name of two famous South Carolinians, grandfather and grandson.
0214560|Gadsden Purchase. The treaty that ended the Mexican War in 1848 left some doubt about the western part of the boundary between Mexico and the United States.
0214580|Gadwall is a duck found in much of the Northern Hemisphere.
0214640|Gaelic language, belongs to the Celtic branch of the Indo-European family of languages.
0214665|Gaels are members of the Goidelic (Gadhelic) branch of the Celtic-speaking peoples.
0214740|Gagarin, Yuri Alekseyevich, (1934-1968), a Soviet air force pilot, was the first human to travel in space.
0214760|Gage, Thomas (1721-1787), a British general, gave the orders that resulted in the first battle of the Revolutionary War in America.
0214770|Gaia is the idea that the earth is a living organism which functions as a unified whole to regulate conditions in the air, land, and water.
0214800|Gaillardia is a type of flower that looks like a daisy with a dark-colored disk and yellow or red rays.
0214840|Gainsborough, Thomas (1727-1788), was one of the greatest British painters.
0214950|Galago is the name of a group of tree-dwelling African animals known for their ability to leap great distances among branches.
0214960|Galahad, Sir, was the noblest and most virtuous knight in the legends of King Arthur's Round Table in medieval Britain.
0214980|Galapagos Islands lie in the Pacific Ocean about 600 miles (970 kilometers) west of Ecuador.
0214990|Galarza, Ernesto (1905-1984), was a Mexican-American historian and civil rights leader.
0215040|Galatia was a region in central Asia Minor, a region that is now central Turkey.
0215060|Galatians, Epistle to the, is the ninth book of the New Testament.
0215080|Galaxy is a system of stars, dust, and gas held together by gravity.
0215090|Galbraith, John Kenneth (1908- ), is an American economist whose skillfully written books sparked widespread interest in economic issues.
0215140|Gale, Zona, (1874-1938), was an American author known for her descriptions of small-town life in the Midwest.
0215160|Galen, (A.D. 129-about 210), became one of the most famous and influential physicians in the history of medicine.
0215180|Galena is the chief ore of lead.
0215240|Galicia is a region that lies on the north slope of the Carpathian Mountains in southeastern Poland and the western part of Ukraine.
0215260|Galilee was the northernmost part of Palestine in Roman times.
0215280|Galilee, Sea of, is a small freshwater lake in northern Israel (formerly Palestine).
0215300|Galileo, (1564-1642), an Italian astronomer and physicist, has been called the founder of modern experimental science.
0215310|Gall (1840-1894) was a leader of the Hunkpapa band of the Teton Sioux Indians.
0215320|Gall is an abnormal growth on plants that is often seen as a rounded swelling.
0215370|Gallant, Mavis (1922- ), is a Canadian short-story writer and novelist.
0215380|Gallatin, Albert (1761-1849), was a prominent American statesman and diplomat.
0215400|Gallaudet is the name of three American educators, father and two sons, who pioneered in the education of deaf people in the United States.
0215420|Gallaudet University, in Washington, D.C., is a private, coeducational liberal arts university for deaf students.
0215440|Gallbladder is a small pouch that stores bile.
0215480|Galleon was at first an Italian armed merchant ship.
0215500|Galley was a long, narrow, wooden warship.
0215610|Gallienus, (A.D. 218?-268), was a Roman emperor.
0215620|Gallinule is a water bird that lives in marshes throughout the world.
0215660|Gallium is a soft, silver-white metal found throughout the earth's crust.
0215680|Gallon is a unit of volume and capacity used for liquids.
0215750|Galloway, Joseph (1731-1803), was a prominent Philadelphia lawyer and politician who opposed the Revolutionary War in America (1775-1783).
0215780|Gallup, N. Mex. (pop. 19,154), is called the Indian capital because it is the trading center of Southwest tribes.
0215800|Gallup, George Horace (1901-1984), an American statistician, specialized in public opinion and business surveys.
0215840|Galsworthy, John (1867-1933), an English novelist and playwright, won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1932.
0215860|Galt, Sir Alexander Tilloch, (1817-1893), was one of Canada's Fathers of Confederation.
0215880|Galton, Sir Francis (1822-1911), a British scientist and cousin of Charles Darwin, became known for his research in meteorology, heredity, and anthropology.
0215900|Galvani, Luigi, (1737-1798), an Italian physician and anatomist, discovered that electric currents could cause contractions in muscles and nerves.
0215930|Galvanizing is the process of coating such metals as iron and steel with a thin protective layer of zinc or zinc alloy.
0215940|Galvanometer is a delicate instrument used primarily to detect and measure small electric currents.
0215960|Galveston, Texas (pop. 59,070; met. area pop. 217,399), is a major seaport on the Gulf of Mexico.
0215965|Galvez, Bernardo de (1746-1786), was governor of the Spanish colony of Louisiana during most of the Revolutionary War in America (1775-1783).
0215970|Galway, (pop. 47,104), is a port city on the west coast of Ireland.
0216000|Gamaliel was the name of six great ancient Jewish scholars who lived in Palestine.
0216040|Gambia is one of the smallest independent countries in Africa.
0216090|Gamblers Anonymous, also called G.A., is a worldwide organization that works to help men and women who suffer from a driving urge to gamble.
0216100|Gambling is betting on the outcome of a game, event, or chance happening.
0216140|Game is the name given to most wild animals, especially those sought for the sport of hunting or fishing.
0216160|Game is a mental or physical contest played according to rules.
0216220|Game theory is a method of studying decision-making situations in which the choices of two or more individuals or groups influence one another.
0216270|Gamio, Manuel (1883-1960), was a Mexican anthropologist and archaeologist.
0216280|Gamma globulin is one of the classes of proteins found in blood plasma.
0216300|Gamma rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation similar to X rays.
0216330|Ganda are the largest ethnic group in the African nation of Uganda.
0216370|Gandhi, Indira, (1917-1984), was the first woman prime minister of India.
0216380|Gandhi, Mohandas Karamchand, (1869-1948), was one of the foremost spiritual and political leaders of the 1900's.
0216390|Gandhi, Rajiv, (1944-1991), was prime minister of India from 1984 to 1989.
0216400|Gang is a group of people who associate with one another for social or criminal reasons.
0216420|Ganges River is the greatest waterway in India and one of the longest in the world.
0216460|Gangrene, GANG green, is the death of body tissues from lack of oxygen.
0216520|Gannet is a large, white sea bird with black-tipped wings.
0216600|Ganymede was a handsome Trojan prince in Greek mythology.
0216640|Gap is a narrow valley or gorge cut by a stream across a ridge or mountain.
0216700|Gar is a fierce, hungry fish that lives chiefly in freshwater lakes and large rivers.
0216720|Garand rifle, also called the M1 rifle, is a .30-caliber, eight-shot semiautomatic weapon.
0216740|Garbage disposer is an electric machine used in many homes and restaurants to get rid of waste food.
0216760|Garbo, Greta (1905-1990), became one of the most famous actresses in motion-picture history.
0216790|Garcia Iniguez, Calixto, (1839-1898), was a Cuban lawyer and revolutionary general.
0216800|Garcia Lorca, Federico, (1898-1936), was one of the greatest Spanish poets and dramatists.
0216805|Garcia Marquez, Gabriel Jose (1928- ), is a Colombian novelist.
0216880|Garden, Mary (1874-1967), a Scottish-born soprano, was considered one of the best singing actresses of her time.
0216980|Garden of the Gods is a scenic park near Colorado Springs, Colo.
0217060|Gardenia is an evergreen shrub or small tree that bears a fragrant, waxy, white flower.
0217080|Gardening is the cultivation of plants, usually in or near the home as a hobby.
0217165|Gardner, Erle Stanley (1889-1970), wrote 129 mystery novels that have sold more than 300 million copies throughout the world.
0217170|Gardner, John William (1912- ), served as United States secretary of health, education, and welfare from 1965 to 1968.
0217200|Garfield, James Abram (1831-1881), was the last President to be born in a log cabin.
0217260|Gargle is a liquid used to soothe sore throats and help prevent the spread of germs.
0217280|Gargoyle is a decorated waterspout that projects from the upper part of a building or tower.
0217300|Garibaldi, Giuseppe, (1807-1882), was a military hero who fought to create an independent, united Italy.
0217340|Garland, Hamlin (1860-1940), an American author, was one of the finest writers of regional fiction during the late 1800's.
0217350|Garland, Judy (1922-1969), was an American singer and motion-picture actress.
0217360|Garlic is a plant grown for its pungently flavored bulb, which is used to season foods.
0217430|Garneau, Marc (1949- ), was the first Canadian to travel in space.
0217440|Garner, John Nance (1868-1967), served as Vice President of the United States from 1933 to 1941, during the first two terms of President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
0217480|Garnet is any of a group of hard, glassy minerals.
0217500|Garnishment is a legal process by which the credits or property of a debtor, in the hands of a third party, may be held for payment of debts.
0217550|Garrett, Pat (1850-1908), an American frontier rancher and sheriff in the West, is best known for killing the outlaw Billy the Kid (see BILLY THE KID ).
0217580|Garrick, David (1717-1779), ranks among the greatest British actors.
0217620|Garrison, William Lloyd (1805-1879), was an American journalist and reformer who became famous in the 1830's for his denunciations of slavery.
0217640|Garrison Dam, about 77 miles (124 kilometers) north of Bismarck, N. Dak., is part of the United States government's Missouri River Basin development program.
0217660|Garrote is an iron collar.
0217680|Garter, Order of the, is the highest and oldest order of knighthood in Great Britain.
0217700|Garter snake is one of a group of harmless snakes familiar throughout the United States.
0217730|Garvey, Marcus (1887-1940), was a black leader who started a "Back-to-Africa" movement in the United States.
0217740|Gary, Indiana (pop. 116,646; met. area pop. 604,526), is a leading steel-producing center of the United States.
0217760|Gary, Elbert Henry (1846-1927), was an American industrialist and lawyer who helped organize the United States Steel Corporation (now USX Corporation) in 1901.
0217780|Gas is one of the three basic states of matter.
0217800|Gas (fuel) is one of our most important resources.
0217860|Gas chamber is a legal means of execution in some states of the United States.
0217900|Gas mask protects the wearer from breathing harmful gases into the lungs.
0217920|Gas meter is a device for measuring the volume of gas used.
0217940|Gas oil is one of the fractions (parts) into which petroleum is divided by distillation.
0218030|Gascoigne, George (1525?-1577), was an Elizabethan author who pioneered in many literary forms.
0218040|Gascony, an old French province, lies between the Pyrenees Mountains and the Garonne River in southwest France.
0218080|Gaskell, Elizabeth (1810-1865), an English writer, is best known for her novel Cranford (1853).
0218100|Gasoline is one of the most important fuels used for transportation.
0218120|Gasoline engine is an engine that uses gasoline as a fuel.
0218140|Gasoline tax is a tax on the purchase of gasoline.
0218180|Gaspe Peninsula is the mountainous southeastern part of the province of Quebec.
0218260|Gastritis is an inflammation of the stomach.
0218300|Gastroscope is an instrument used by physicians to examine the inside of the stomach.
0218320|Gates, Bill (1955- ), is the cofounder, chairman, and chief executive officer of Microsoft Corporation.
0218380|Gates, Horatio (1728?-1806), was an American Revolutionary War general.
0218390|Gates of the Arctic National Park is in north-central Alaska.
0218460|Gatling, Richard Jordan (1818-1903), was an American inventor.
0218560|Gatun Lake is an artificial body of water, 85 feet (26 meters) above sea level.
0218590|Gaucher's disease is a severe hereditary disorder that affects the spleen, liver, bones, and, in some forms of the disease, the brain and nerves.
0218600|Gaucho is the cowboy of the South American pampas, or plains.
0218610|Gaudi, Antonio (1852-1926), was a major Spanish architect.
0218620|Gauge, also called gage, is an instrument used for measurement.
0218660|Gauguin, Paul (1848-1903), was a French artist.
0218680|Gaul is the English name for the region called Gallia by the Romans.
0218740|Gauntlet was a leather glove covered with steel plates that medieval knights wore as part of their armor.
0218760|Gaur is a wild ox of India, Burma, and the Malay Peninsula.
0218780|Gauss is a unit used to measure the strength of a magnetic field.
0218800|Gauss, Carl Friedrich, (1777-1855), was a great German mathematician.
0218830|Gautier, Theophile, (1811-1872), was a French poet, novelist, and critic.
0218880|Gavial is a reptile that looks like a crocodile.
0218920|Gawain, Sir, was the nephew of the legendary King Arthur of medieval Britain and one of the knights first associated with Arthur's story.
0218940|Gay, John (1685-1732), an English playwright and poet, is best known for The Beggar's Opera (1728).
0218960|Gay-Lussac, Joseph Louis (1778-1850), was a French chemist and physicist.
0218990|Gay Nineties was the period of the 1890's in United States history.
0219030|Gaza Strip is a piece of land that is administered by Palestinians.
0219040|Gazelle is a slender antelope that is noted for its beauty, grace, and gentleness.
0219100|Gdansk, or, in German, (pop. 466,500), is a Polish port city 4 miles (6 kilometers) from the Baltic Sea.
0219120|Ge Indians, make up a number of tribes in the dry highland plains of east-central Brazil.
0219140|Gear is a mechanical device that transfers rotating motion and power from one part of a machine to another.
0219160|Geber, (721?-815?), had a reputation as a great Arab alchemist.
0219180|Gecko is the name of certain small lizards that live in warm climates.
0219280|Gehrig, Lou (1903-1941), was one of the greatest players in baseball history.
0219340|Geiger counter, also called Geiger-Muller counter, is an instrument that detects forms of ionizing radiation.
0219440|Gelasius I, Saint ( ? -496), was elected pope in 492.
0219480|Gelatin is a protein substance that comes from the skins and bones of animals.
0219510|Gell-Mann, Murray (1929- ), an American physicist, won the 1969 Nobel Prize in physics for his work in classifying subatomic particles and their interactions.
0219560|Gem is a mineral or other material used in jewelry and other ornaments.
0219620|Gemini is the third sign of the zodiac.
0219680|Gemsbok, also called gemsbuck, is a large antelope related to the roan and sable antelopes.
0219720|Gender. In English, living things are classed as male or female, and things without life as neuter, or sexless.
0219740|Gene is the part of a cell that determines the characteristics living things inherit from their parents.
0219750|Gene mapping is a method of identifying and locating genes on the chromosomes within cells.
0219755|Gene therapy is an experimental technique for treating or preventing diseases by inserting a gene into a patient's cells.
0219760|Genealogy is the study of family origins based on records of important events in the lives of individuals and their ancestors.
0219780|General is an officer of the highest rank in the armed forces of many countries.
0219800|General Accounting Office (GAO) is an independent agency in the legislative branch of the United States government.
0219820|General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), is a multilateral treaty that aims to promote trade among its members in manufactured and agricultural goods.
0219940|General Electric Company is one of the largest corporations in the United States.
0220000|General Motors Corporation is one of the biggest manufacturers, and the largest producer of automobiles, in the world.
0220060|General Services Administration (GSA) is an independent executive agency of the United States government.
0220160|Generation is a term that refers to a particular group of animals or plants in a line of descent.
0220220|Genesis is the first book of the Bible.
0220240|Genet, Edmond Charles Edouard, (1763-1834), created the first international crisis for the United States.
0220245|Genet, Jean, (1910-1986), a French author, became known for his violent, complex plays.
0220257|Genetic counseling is the process that informs couples of their odds of bearing a child with genetic defects.
0220270|Genetic engineering is the term applied to techniques that alter the genes (hereditary material) or combination of genes in an organism.
0220280|Genetics is the scientific study of heredity, the passing on of characteristics of living organisms from one generation to the next.
0220300|Geneva, (pop. 159,895; met. area pop. 378,274), is a historic city in southwestern Switzerland.
0220330|Geneva Accords were a series of four international agreements made on July 20 and 21, 1954.
0220380|Geneva Conventions, provide for the humane treatment of civilians, prisoners, and wounded persons in wartime.
0220400|Genghis Khan, (1162-1227), was a Mongol conqueror who founded the largest land empire in history.
0220410|Genie is a word often used in English for jinni (plural, jinn), a type of demon in Arabian mythology.
0220480|Genius was a guardian spirit worshiped by the ancient Romans.
0220520|Genoa, (pop. 678,771), is Italy's busiest and largest port and a major industrial center.
0220580|Genocide is the mistreatment or extermination of national or religious groups.
0220660|Gentian is a group of wild and cultivated plants that includes about 600 species.
0220680|Gentile, in ancient times, referred to the people of all nations other than the Jews.
0220700|Gentileschi, Artemisia (1593-1652?), was an Italian painter.
0220730|Gentlemen's agreement. In the 1890's, many persons feared that workers coming to the United States from Japan would take all the jobs and put them out of work.
0220760|Geochemistry is a science that applies chemistry to the study of the earth.
0220800|Geode is a hollow, stonelike formation often lined with crystals.
0220820|Geodesy is a science that seeks to determine the size, shape, and gravitational field of the earth.
0220840|Geodetic center of North America is located at the Meades Ranch Triangulation Station in Osborne County, Kansas.
0220880|Geoduck, also spelled goeduck or gweduc, is a huge edible clam found along the Pacific coast from Puget Sound to San Diego.
0220920|Geoffrey of Monmouth, (1100?-1155?), was a Welsh historian who wrote the first narrative of the entire life of King Arthur, a legendary ruler of Britain.
0220940|Geographic center of North America is in Pierce County, North Dakota, just southwest of Rugby.
0220960|Geographic center of the United States is in South Dakota, about 17 miles (27 kilometers) west of Castle Rock in Butte County.
0220980|Geographic Names, United States Board on, a United States government organization, decides official names of geographic features and places for federal maps and other publications.
0221060|Geography is the study of the location and distribution of living things and the earth features among which they live.
0221080|Geological Survey is a federal agency that conducts studies of public lands.
0221100|Geology is the study of the earth.
0221140|Geometric style is a term for a number of ancient and modern styles in art.
0221160|Geometry is a branch of mathematics.
0221180|Geomorphology is the study of the earth's surface and the changes that occur there.
0221200|Geophysics is the study of the earth and its atmosphere and waters by means of the science of physics.
0221220|Geopolitics, attempts to explain world political developments in terms of geographic space.
0221235|George I (1660-1727) of Great Britain became king when his distant cousin Queen Anne died in 1714.
0221247|George I (1845-1913) was king of Greece from 1863 to 1913.
0221250|George II (1683-1760) of Great Britain succeeded his father, George I, in 1727.
0221253|George II (1890-1947) was king of Greece from 1922 to 1923 and from 1935 to 1947.
0221255|George III (1738-1820) of Great Britain was king during one of the most critical periods in the country's history.
0221265|George IV (1762-1830) of Britain became king in 1820.
0221270|George V (1865-1936) of Britain became king in 1910.
0221275|George VI (1895-1952) of Britain became king in December 1936, after his older brother, Edward VIII, abdicated.
0221300|George, Henry (1839-1897), an American social reformer, originated the single tax.
0221320|George, James Zachariah (1826-1897), was an American soldier, jurist, and politician.
0221380|George, Saint, is the patron saint of England.
0221400|George, Stefan, (1868-1933), was a major German representative of the European symbolism movement in poetry.
0221535|George Town (pop. 250,578) is the capital of the state of Pinang in northwestern Malaysia.
0221540|George Washington Birthplace National Monument, in Virginia, contains the site of the house where George Washington was born.
0221560|George Washington Bridge over the Hudson River connects New York City at 178th Street with Fort Lee, New Jersey.
0221580|George Washington Carver National Monument, in southwestern Missouri, marks the birthplace of this famous scientist.
0221680|Georgetown (pop. 72,049; met. area pop. 188,000) is the capital and chief city of Guyana.
0221720|Georgetown University is a coeducational institution in Washington, D.C.
0221740|Georgia is a nation in the Caucasus Mountains that became independent in 1991 after nearly 200 years of Russian and Soviet rule.
0221760|Georgia has the largest land area of any state of the United States that lies east of the Mississippi River.
0221780|Georgia, University of, is a coeducational state-assisted institution in Athens, Georgia.
0221820|Georgia Institute of Technology is a state-assisted coeducational university in Atlanta.
0221920|Georgian architecture was the chief architectural style of England during the reigns of Kings George I, II, III, and IV.
0221940|Georgian Bay is a northeastern arm of Lake Huron.
0222015|Gephardt, Richard Andrew (1941- ), a Democrat from Missouri, became minority leader of the United States House of Representatives in 1995.
0222040|Geranium is a plant native to temperate regions throughout the world.
0222050|Gerbil is any of a group of furry, ratlike rodents, most of which have long hind legs and a long, hairy tail.
0222060|Geriatrics is the branch of medicine that deals with old age and its diseases.
0222080|Gericault, Theodore, (1791-1824), a French artist, was one of the first romantic painters.
0222240|German language is the official language of Germany, Austria, and Liechtenstein, and one of the official languages of Switzerland and Luxembourg.
0222260|German literature is the literature of the German-speaking peoples of central Europe.
0222300|German shepherd dog is often called the German police dog, because many of such dogs are trained for police work.
0222320|German shorthaired pointer is a dog often used to hunt game birds.
0222380|German wirehaired pointer is a hunting dog that was developed by crossing German shorthaired pointers and "poodle-pointers.
0222440|Germanium is a hard, brittle, grayish-white metallic element.
0222500|Germany is a large country in central Europe.
0222560|Germination is the sprouting of a seed.
0222600|Geronimo, (1829-1909), was a warrior of the Chiricahua Apache Indians.
0222640|Gerry, Elbridge (1744-1814), served as Vice President of the United States under President James Madison from 1813 until his death.
0222660|Gerrymander is the practice of dividing a city, state, or country into voting districts to favor the party in power or some other group.
0222680|Gershwin, George (1898-1937), an American composer, became famous for his musical comedies, popular songs, symphonic works, and the opera Porgy and Bess.
0222840|Gestalt psychology is a school of psychology that emphasizes the study of experience as a unified whole.
0222860|Gestapo was the secret police force of Nazi Germany.
0222920|Gethsemane is a garden spoken of in the New Testament.
0222930|Getty, J. Paul (1892-1976), an American business executive, became one of the richest people in the world.
0222932|Getty Museum, J. Paul, houses a major collection of European art.
0222935|Getty Trust, J. Paul, is a private foundation that promotes education, conservation, and scholarship in the visual arts and related humanities.
0222940|Gettysburg, (pop. 7,025), is a community in southern Pennsylvania that is famous as the site of the Battle of Gettysburg, one of the most important battles of the American Civil War (1861-1865).
0222960|Gettysburg, Battle of, fought from July 1 through July 3, 1863, marked a turning point in the American Civil War in the North's favor.
0222980|Gettysburg Address is a short speech that United States President Abraham Lincoln delivered during the Civil War at the site of the Battle of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania.
0223030|Getz, Stan (1927-1991), was an American jazz tenor saxophonist known for his light, smooth tone and lyrical approach to improvisation.
0223040|Geyser is a spring that throws up hot water with explosive force from time to time.
0223060|Ghana is a tropical country in western Africa.
0223070|Ghana Empire was an important black trading state in West Africa from about the A.D. 300's to the mid-1000's.
0223160|Ghent, (pop. 228,490), is a Belgian city 31 miles (50 kilometers) northwest of Brussels.
0223180|Ghent, Treaty of, ended the War of 1812 between Britain and the United States.
0223220|Ghetto is a section of a city settled by a minority ethnic, religious, or nationality group.
0223260|Ghiberti, Lorenzo (1378-1455), was an Italian sculptor and goldsmith.
0223280|Ghirlandajo, Domenico, (1449-1494), also spelled Ghirlandaio, was the most successful Italian painter of his time in Florence.
0223300|Ghost, according to tradition, is a spirit of a dead person that visits the living.
0223305|Ghost Dance was a religious movement among American Indians of the Western United States in the late 1800's.
0223310|Ghost story is a supernatural tale in which the spirit of a dead person haunts the living.
0223320|Ghost town is the name given to the ruins of a town that has been abandoned.
0223360|GI is a common term for members of the United States Army.
0223400|Giacometti, Alberto (1901-1966), was a Swiss-born sculptor.
0223440|Giant is a person who grows abnormally tall because of a disorder in the pituitary gland.
0223460|Giant, in Greek and Roman mythology, belonged to a race of beings that looked like people, but were much bigger.
0223520|Giant schnauzer is the largest of the three schnauzer dog breeds.
0223560|Giant's Causeway is an unusual formation of rock columns along the north coast of Northern Ireland.
0223570|Giardiasis is a common intestinal disease.
0223600|Gibberellin, also called GA, is any of a group of hormones that regulate plant growth.
0223620|Gibbon is the smallest of the apes.
0223640|Gibbon, Edward (1737-1794), was a British scholar who wrote the History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, a masterpiece of historical writing.
0223700|Gibbons, Orlando (1583-1625), was an English composer and musician.
0223710|Gibbons v. Ogden, an 1824 Supreme Court case, marked the first time the Supreme Court of the United States dealt with the powers of Congress to regulate interstate commerce (trade between states).
0223740|Gibbs, Josiah Willard (1839-1903), was an American mathematical physicist who contributed to the basic theories of thermodynamics and statistical mechanics.
0223760|Gibraltar is a British dependency on Spain's southern coast.
0223780|Gibraltar, Strait of, is a narrow body of water that connects the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean.
0223840|Gibran, Kahlil, (1883-1931), was a Lebanese writer.
0223860|Gibson, Althea, (1927- ), became the first important black tennis player.
0223880|Gibson, Charles Dana, (1867-1944), an American illustrator, drew the famous "Gibson girl.
0223890|Gibson, Josh (1911-1947), was one of the greatest hitters in baseball history.
0223920|Gide, Andre, (1869-1951), a French author, won the 1947 Nobel Prize for literature.
0223940|Gideon, in the Old Testament, was a hero of Israel who saved his people from the Midianites.
0223950|Gideon v. Wainwright was a landmark decision of the Supreme Court of the United States concerning the rights of accused persons.
0223960|Gideons International is an association of Christian business and professional men.
0223980|Gielgud, Sir John (1904- ), is a leading English actor and director.
0224055|Gifted children are young people who have extremely high intelligence or exceptional creative ability--or both--in one or more areas.
0224120|Gila Cliff Dwellings National Monument lies in southwestern New Mexico, in the Gila Wilderness Area.
0224140|Gila monster is a large, poisonous lizard.
0224160|Gila River, rises in the Mogollon Mountains of New Mexico and flows west across Arizona to empty into the Colorado River near Yuma.
0224200|Gilbert, Sir Humphrey (1539?-1583), an English scholar and soldier, became famous as a navigator and explorer.
0224250|Gilbert, Sir William Schwenck (1836-1911), was one of the most eminent playwrights in Victorian England.
0224270|Gilbert and Sullivan wrote the most popular operettas in the history of the English theater.
0224275|Gilbert Islands are a group of 16 small atolls (coral reefs) in the central Pacific Ocean.
0224285|Gilbreth, Frank and Lillian, were American industrial engineers and were husband and wife.
0224390|Gilgamesh, Epic of, a Middle Eastern poem, is one of the oldest epics in world literature.
0224500|Gillespie, Dizzy (1917-1993), was an American trumpet player, composer, and bandleader.
0224520|Gillette, William (1855-1937), was a leading American playwright and actor.
0224560|Gilman, Charlotte Perkins (1860-1935), was a leading writer on women's rights in the United States.
0224580|Gilman, Nicholas (1755-1814), was a New Hampshire signer of the Constitution of the United States.
0224590|Gilmore, Patrick Sarsfield (1829-1892), was the best-known American bandmaster of the 1800's.
0224730|Ginastera, Alberto (1916-1983), was an Argentine composer.
0224740|Ginger is a tangy spice most commonly used in baking and in flavoring beverages.
0224780|Gingham is a cloth used to make clothes, curtains, and furniture covers.
0224790|Gingrich, Newt (1943- ), a Georgia Republican, became Speaker of the United States House of Representatives in 1995.
0224820|Ginkgo, also called maidenhair tree, is the only surviving species of a group of plants that lived millions of years ago.
0224830|Ginsberg, Allen (1926- ), is an American poet.
0224835|Ginsburg, Ruth Bader (1933- ), became an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States in 1993.
0224840|Ginseng is a perennial herb of eastern Asia and eastern North America.
0224860|Giorgione, (1478?-1510), was an Italian artist who helped make Venice a center of painting during the Italian Renaissance.
0224880|Giotto, (1267?-1337), was the most important painter of the 1300's.
0224890|Giovanni, Nikki (1943- ), is an American poet, essayist, and children's writer.
0224920|Giraffe is the tallest of all animals.
0225060|Giraudoux, Jean, (1882-1944), was a prominent French playwright.
0225100|Girl Guides is an international organization for girls between the ages of 6 and 18.
0225160|Girl Scouts is an organization that gives girls from all segments of American life a chance to develop their potential, to make friends, and to become a vital part of their community.
0225180|Girls Incorporated is an organization of community clubs in the United States for girls age 6 through 18.
0225220|Girls State is a program for training girls in democratic leadership, sponsored by the American Legion Auxiliary.
0225240|Girondists were members of a French political group that began during the French Revolution (1789-1799).
0225260|Girty, Simon (1741-1818), was an American pioneer who fought with the Indians against white settlers.
0225270|Giscard d'Estaing, Valery (1926- ), served as president of France from 1974 until 1981.
0225285|Gish, Dorothy (1898-1968), was an American star of silent motion pictures.
0225290|Gish, Lillian (1893-1993), was one of the leading stars of silent motion pictures in the United States.
0225300|Gissing, George Robert (1857-1903), was an English novelist.
0225320|Gist, Christopher (1706?-1759), was an American frontier guide and a friend of future United States President George Washington.
0225340|Giza, (pop. 2,144,000), is a suburb of Cairo and Egypt's third largest city.
0225360|Gizzard is a muscular organ of the digestive system of birds and a few other animals.
0225440|Glacier is a large mass of ice that flows slowly over land in the cold polar regions and in high mountain valleys.
0225460|Glacier Bay National Park lies in southeastern Alaska, about 100 miles (160 kilometers) west of Juneau.
0225480|Glacier National Park lies in northern Montana on the boundary between the United States and Canada.
0225500|Glackens, William James (1870-1938), was an American painter and illustrator.
0225520|Gladiator was a trained warrior who fought bloody battles to entertain the ancient Romans.
0225540|Gladiolus is a garden plant with spikes of large silky blossoms that are popular as cut flowers.
0225560|Gladstone, William Ewart (1809-1898), was one of the most respected British political leaders of the 1800's.
0225580|Gland is a tissue or organ that produces and releases a useful chemical substance.
0225600|Glanders is a severe disease of horses and mules.
0225660|Glasgow, (pop. 654,542), is the largest city in Scotland and a center of industry and commerce.
0225680|Glasgow, Ellen (1873-1945), was an American author known for her novels about the South.
0225700|Glasgow, University of, is the second oldest university in Scotland.
0225720|Glaspell, Susan (1882-1948), was an American playwright.
0225740|Glass is one of the most useful materials in the world.
0225744|Glass, Carter (1858-1946), was a leading American statesman.
0225745|Glass, Philip (1937- ), is an American composer.
0225757|Glass lizard is the name of certain legless lizards.
0225820|Glasses are a pair of lenses held in place in front of the eyes by a frame.
0225860|Glasswort is the name of several species of plants found worldwide.
0225880|Glastonbury, an English town, is famous in history and in the legends of King Arthur.
0225920|Glaucoma is an eye disease characterized by increased pressure of the fluid within the eye.
0225940|Glauconite is a bright green mineral that looks like tiny flakes of the mineral mica, or small lumps of clay.
0226050|Glen Canyon Dam, in northern Arizona near the Utah border, helps control the flow of the Colorado River.
0226100|Glenn, John Herschel, Jr. (1921- ), was the first American to orbit the earth.
0226140|Glenview Naval Air Station served as headquarters of the naval and marine air reserve training commands of the United States from 1942 to 1995.
0226180|Glick, George Washington (1827-1911), was the first Democrat to be elected governor of Kansas.
0226200|Glidden, Carlos (1834-1877), an American inventor, is best known for his share in the invention of the Remington typewriter.
0226240|Glider is an aircraft that resembles an airplane but has no engine.
0226250|Glider is a type of possum that lives in forests in New Guinea and northern and eastern Australia.
0226260|Glinka, Mikhail Ivanovich, (1804-1857), was the first important Russian composer of the 1800's.
0226320|Globe is a map that has been pasted or printed on a hollow sphere.
0226380|Globe Theatre was an early English theater in London.
0226400|Globulin is a protein component of the plasma (watery) part of the blood.
0226420|Glockenspiel is a percussion instrument that consists of two rows of metal bars on a frame.
0226440|Glorious Revolution of 1688 ended the rule of King James II of England and brought William III and Mary II to the throne.
0226540|Gloucester, Mass. (pop. 28,716), has been an important fishing center since colonial days.
0226560|Glove is a protective or decorative covering for the hand.
0226620|Gloxinia is a plant remarkable for its richly colored velvety leaves and large bell-shaped flowers.
0226680|Gluck, Christoph Willibald, (1714-1787), a German composer, reformed opera in the 1700's.
0226700|Glucose is a type of sugar.
0226720|Glue is an adhesive made from the skins, connective tissues, or bones of animals.
0226730|Gluon is a subatomic particle that carries a powerful force which holds together the components of protons and neutrons.
0226760|Gluten is the sticky, elastic substance in bread dough.
0226840|Glycerol, also called glycerin, is a thick, sweet-tasting liquid used in the manufacture of many products for homes and industry.
0226860|Glycogen is a tasteless, odorless white powder.
0226880|Glycol is a type of organic compound.
0226920|Gnat is a general name given to a wide variety of small flies.
0226940|Gnatcatcher is the name of several small songbirds native to the Western Hemisphere.
0226960|Gneiss is a banded, coarse-grained rock.
0226980|Gnome is a dwarflike creature in European folklore.
0227040|Gnosticism was a religious and philosophical movement in Europe and the Middle East that flourished from about the A.D. 100's to the 700's.
0227050|Gnotobiotics is the scientific study of animals or other organisms raised in environments that are free of germs or that contain only specifically known germs.
0227060|Gnu, also called wildebeest, is a large African antelope.
0227100|Goat is an animal that has provided people with milk, meat, and wool since prehistoric times.
0227140|Goatsucker, or nightjar, is one of a widespread family of birds that largely fly at night.
0227180|Gobi is a windswept, nearly treeless desert that stretches across part of southern Mongolia and northern China.
0227210|Goby is the name of about 2,000 species of fish that live in the shallow parts of warm oceans worldwide.
0227220|God is a religious term for the "supreme reality.
0227240|God Bless America is a popular American patriotic song composed by Irving Berlin.
0227260|God Save the Queen, or "God Save the King," is the national anthem of the United Kingdom.
0227270|Godard, Jean-Luc, (1930- ), is a controversial French motion-picture director.
0227292|Goddard, Mary Katherine (1736-1816), helped publish and print three newspapers in the American Colonies--The Providence Gazette, The Pennsylvania Chronicle, and The Maryland Journal.
0227300|Goddard, Robert Hutchings (1882-1945), was an American pioneer of rocket science.
0227310|Goddard, William (1740-1817), was an American publisher, editor, and printer.
0227360|Godetia is a group of popular annual garden flowers.
0227380|Godey, Louis Antoine, (1804-1878), in 1830 founded Godey's Lady's Book, the first women's magazine in the United States.
0227440|Godiva, Lady, lived in England during the 1000's.
0227460|Godkin, Edward Lawrence (1831-1902), founded The Nation and edited it from 1865 to 1901.
0227520|Godthab, (pop. 11,957), is the capital of Greenland.
0227582|Godwin, William (1756-1836), was an English author and philosopher.
0227620|Godwit is the name of four species of wading birds.
0227640|Goebbels, Joseph, (1897-1945), was the official propagandist of Nazi Germany.
0227680|Goering, Hermann Wilhelm, (1893-1946), was second to Adolf Hitler as a leader of Nazi Germany.
0227720|Goethals, George Washington (1858-1928), an American civil engineer and Army officer, directed the completion of the Panama Canal.
0227740|Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, (1749-1832), was a German poet, novelist, and playwright.
0227800|Gogol, Nikolai, (1809-1852), was a major Russian playwright, novelist, and short story writer.
0227840|Goiter is a condition in which the thyroid gland becomes enlarged.
0227870|Golan Heights is a hilly area in the southwestern corner of Syria.
0227880|Gold is a metal prized for its beauty, usefulness, and scarcity.
0227960|Gold leaf is gold metal that has been beaten into very thin sheets or leaves.
0227980|Gold rush is a rapid movement of people to a site where gold has been discovered.
0228000|Gold standard is the use of gold as the standard of value for the money of a country.
0228120|Goldberg, Arthur Joseph (1908-1990), served as secretary of labor, Supreme Court justice, and United States ambassador to the United Nations.
0228160|Goldberger, Joseph (1874-1929), was an American physician known for his work on pellagra.
0228180|Golden Age is a term used by the Greek poet Homer to describe a remote period of the past that he considered more civilized and enlightened than his own.
0228280|Golden Fleece, in Greek mythology, was the golden wool of a flying ram.
0228320|Golden Gate Bridge is one of the largest and most spectacular suspension bridges in the world.
0228440|Golden retriever is a medium-sized hunting dog.
0228480|Golden rule is the principle that people should treat others as they would like to be treated themselves.
0228500|Golden section, also called the divine proportion, is the division of a line segment in such a way that the ratio of the whole segment to the larger part is equal to the ratio of the larger part to the smaller part.
0228620|Goldenrod is a common wild flower.
0228640|Goldenseal is a perennial flowering plant of the Eastern United States.
0228660|Goldfield, Nev., was the scene of one of the greatest gold rushes in the history of the United States.
0228680|Goldfinch is the name of several kinds of small, short-tailed birds.
0228700|Goldfish, also called golden carp, is a fish in the carp family.
0228710|Golding, Sir William (1911-1993), was an English novelist whose exciting adventure stories deal with the conflict between mind and instinct.
0228711|Goldman, Edwin Franko (1878-1956), was a leading American bandmaster.
0228712|Goldman, Emma (1869-1940), was a revolutionary who came to the United States from Russia in 1885.
0228715|Goldoni, Carlo (1707-1793), was an Italian playwright.
0228720|Goldsmith, Oliver (1730?-1774), was an Irish-born writer who produced a variety of works marked by a charming, lively style.
0228780|Goldwater, Barry Morris (1909- ), an American statesman, was the Republican presidential candidate in 1964.
0228800|Goldwyn, Samuel (1882-1974), was one of the first and most successful American motion-picture producers.
0228820|Golf is an outdoor sport in which a player attempts to hit a small, hard ball into a hole in as few swings as possible.
0228840|Golgi, Camillo, (1844-1926), an Italian anatomist and pathologist, shared the 1906 Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine for his studies on the structure of the nervous system.
0228880|Goliath, in the Old Testament, was a Philistine warrior almost 10 feet (300 centimeters) tall.
0228980|Gompers, Samuel (1850-1924), an American labor leader, was the first president of the American Federation of Labor.
0229030|Goncourt was the family name of two French brothers who had an important influence on literature.
0229040|Gondola is a long, slender boat used on the canals of Venice, Italy.
0229080|Gong is a metal percussion instrument shaped like a circular plate.
0229090|Gongora, Luis de, (1561-1627), was the greatest poet of the Spanish baroque period.
0229100|Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted disease caused by a bacterium found only in human beings.
0229165|Gonzales, Rodolfo, (1928- ), is a leader of the Chicano movement, a civil rights campaign by Mexican Americans.
0229180|Gonzalez, Pancho, (1928-1995), became one of the greatest players in tennis history.
0229280|Good Friday is the Friday before Easter Sunday, the central festival of the Christian year.
0229380|Good Templars, International Organization of, is an organization founded in Utica, New York, in 1851, to promote temperance, peace, and brotherhood.
0229400|Goodall, Jane (1934- ), is an English zoologist who studies the behavior of animals.
0229480|Goodman, Benny (1909-1986), was an American clarinet player and bandleader.
0229500|Goodrich, Benjamin Franklin (1841-1888), founded the rubber industry in Akron, Ohio.
0229560|Goodwill Industries are nonprofit organizations that provide disabled and socially disadvantaged individuals with such work-related services as employment, job placement, training, and vocational evaluation.
0229600|Goodyear, Charles (1800-1860), was an American inventor.
0229620|Goodyear, Miles (1817-1849), an American pioneer and fur trader, built the first settled homestead in Utah in about 1845.
0229660|Googol is the number written as 1 followed by 100 zeros, or 10 to the power of 100.
0229700|Goose is a water bird closely related to the duck and swan.
0229740|Gooseberry is an oval, tart fruit or berry that is closely related to the currant.
0229840|Gopher is a small mammal that lives in long, underground tunnels.
0229870|Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeyevich, (1931- ), was the leader of the Soviet Union from 1985 to 1991.
0229880|Gordian knot, in Greek mythology, was a skillfully tied knot.
0229890|Gordimer, Nadine (1923- ), a South African writer, won the 1991 Nobel Prize for literature, the first South African author to receive the award.
0229900|Gordon, Charles George (1833-1885), a British soldier, was called Chinese Gordon and Gordon Pasha because of his distinguished service in China and Egypt.
0229920|Gordon, Charles William (1860-1937), was a Canadian novelist and clergyman who wrote under the pen name of Ralph Connor.
0230020|Gordon setter is a black-and-tan hunting dog that was well known as early as 1620.
0230030|Gore, Al (1948- ), a Tennessee Democrat, was elected Vice President of the United States in 1992.
0230062|Gorgas, William Crawford (1854-1920), an American physician, became known as the world's leading public health expert.
0230140|Gorgons were three sisters in Greek mythology.
0230160|Gorham, Nathaniel (1738-1796), was a Massachusetts signer of the Constitution of the United States.
0230200|Gorilla is the largest of the anthropoid (humanlike) apes.
0230240|Gorki, Maxim, (1868-1936), was a Russian novelist, playwright, and short-story writer.
0230250|Gorky, Arshile, (1904-1948), an American artist, was a leading member of the abstract expressionist movement.
0230260|Gorrie, John (1803-1855), an American physician, invented the first machine for mechanical refrigeration patented in the United States.
0230380|Gosnold, Bartholomew (?-1607), was an English navigator.
0230400|Gospels are the first four books of the New Testament.
0230480|Goteborg, or Gothenburg, (pop. 437,313), is Sweden's second largest city.
0230560|Gothic art is the name given to the art of the later Middle Ages, especially from the mid-1100's to about 1400.
0230570|Gothic novel was a type of fiction that became popular in England during the late 1700's and early 1800's.
0230575|Goths were a confederation of Germanic tribes who attacked the Roman Empire beginning in the A.D. 200's.
0230620|Gottfried von Strassburg (1170?-1220?) was a medieval German poet.
0230630|Gottlieb, Adolph (1903-1974), was a leading American abstract expressionist artist.
0230635|Gottschalk, Louis Moreau, (1829-1869), was the first internationally famous American musical artist.
0230680|Goudy, Frederic William (1865-1947), was an American type designer and printer.
0230730|Gould, Glenn (1932-1982), was a famous Canadian pianist.
0230741|Gould, Jay (1836-1892), was an American financier who became the leading railroad owner of the late 1800's.
0230780|Gould, Morton (1913-1996), was an American composer.
0230790|Gould, Stephen Jay (1941- ), is an American scientist and educator.
0230800|Gounod, Charles (1818-1893), was a French composer best known for his opera Faust (1859, revised and expanded 1869).
0230820|Gourd is the name of a group of ornamental trailing or climbing plants.
0230860|Gout is a chronic disease that can produce severe swelling of the joints.
0230880|Government is one of humanity's oldest and most important institutions.
0230890|Government National Mortgage Association is a corporation owned by the United States government.
0230900|Government ownership, also called public ownership, is the ownership and operation of a service, business, or industry by a government.
0230920|Government Printing Office (GPO) is the largest multipurpose printing plant in the world.
0230940|Government regulation is the supervision of privately owned businesses by government agencies to serve the public interest.
0231000|Governor is an instrument that keeps machines running at desired speeds.
0231010|Governor, in the United States, is the chief executive of a state.
0231020|Governor general is an executive official who directs the activities of deputy or lieutenant governors.
0231030|Governor General's Literary Awards are the highest national prizes given to Canadian authors.
0231100|Goya, Francisco (1746-1828), a leading Spanish painter, was one of the first masters of modern art.
0231140|Gracchus family was a family of high nobility in ancient Rome.
0231180|Grace, in Christianity, is the term for God's action in forgiving, sanctifying, or strengthening people.
0231240|Graces, in Greek mythology, were daughters of Zeus, king of the gods, and the nymph Eurynome.
0231260|Grackle is the name of several species of blackbirds that live in North and South America.
0231300|Grading is a method used by teachers to evaluate, record, and report student achievement.
0231360|Graduation. Schools and colleges usually award a diploma or certificate in recognition of achievement to students who satisfactorily complete a regular course.
0231380|Grady, Henry Woodfin (1850-1889), was a journalist and orator of the southern United States.
0231420|Graf, Steffi (1969- ), is a German tennis champion who became dominant in women's professional tennis in the late 1980's.
0231440|Graf Spee was one of three German pocket battleships (swift, heavily armed cruisers) which preyed on British merchant ships in the Atlantic Ocean early in World War II.
0231480|Graft in American politics refers to the acquisition of money or position through dishonest means.
0231520|Grafting is the process of uniting parts of two plants to form a single plant.
0231530|Grafton, Sue (1940- ), is an American author of detective novels.
0231540|Graham, Billy (1918- ), of the United States, became a world-famous evangelist.
0231550|Graham, Katharine (1917- ), is chairman of the board of the Washington Post Company.
0231560|Graham, Martha (1894-1991), became a leading American dancer and choreographer (creator of dances).
0231600|Grahame, Kenneth (1859-1932), a Scottish author, wrote The Wind in the Willows (1908), a children's classic.
0231660|Grain is any of several cereal plants that rank among the most important food crops.
0231680|Grain elevator is a tall building equipped with machinery for loading, unloading, cleaning, mixing, and storing grain.
0231720|Grain sorghum is a cereal plant grown mainly as food for livestock.
0231740|Grain weevil is a small, dark beetle that destroys grain.
0231760|Grainger, Percy Aldridge (1882-1961), was an Australian-born composer and pianist.
0231780|Gram is a unit of mass (quantity of matter) in the metric system.
0231790|Gramm, Phil (1942- ), a Texas Republican, is one of the most prominent members of the United States Senate.
0231840|Grammar is the system by which a language functions.
0231860|Gramophone is the term used in Britain and the Commonwealth nations for phonograph.
0231940|Gran Chaco is a great, low-lying plain in South America.
0231980|Granada, (pop. 58,108), a port on Lake Nicaragua, is an important commercial center in Nicaragua.
0231990|Granada, (pop. 254,034), in southeastern Spain, is the site of the Alhambra palace and fortress (see ALHAMBRA ).
0232000|Granada was once a Moorish kingdom in southern Spain.
0232080|Grand Alliance was the name of three unions of European countries formed to curb the military power of France under King Louis XIV.
0232100|Grand Army of the Republic (G.A.R.) was a society of veterans who fought for the North in the Civil War (1861-1865).
0232120|Grand Banks is one of the world's richest fishing grounds.
0232170|Grand Canyon is one of the most spectacular canyons in the world.
0232180|Grand Canyon National Park, in northwest Arizona, consists almost entirely of the spectacular Grand Canyon.
0232240|Grand Coulee Dam is the largest concrete dam and the greatest single source of water power in the United States.
0232340|Grand jury is a group of citizens who decide whether there is sufficient evidence of a crime to try a person in court.
0232440|Grand National is the most famous steeplechase horse race in the world.
0232480|Grand Portage National Monument marks the site of a famous trail crossing and fur-trading center during the 1700's.
0232500|Grand Pre is a historic village on Minas Basin in Nova Scotia.
0232520|Grand Rapids (pop. 189,126) is the chief manufacturing, distribution, and transportation center of western Michigan.
0232580|Grand Teton National Park is an area of mountains, lakes, and forests in northwestern Wyoming, 7 miles (11 kilometers) south of Yellowstone National Park.
0232680|Grandfather clause, in modern law, refers to any legal provision that excuses an individual or corporation from a requirement or prohibition because the person or corporation has enjoyed a certain privilege or right at some time in the past.
0232720|Grange, National, officially called the Patrons of Husbandry, is a major farm and rural community service organization in the United States.
0232740|Grange, Red (1903-1991), was one of the greatest running backs in football history.
0232745|Granger cases were five cases decided by the Supreme Court of the United States in 1877.
0232760|Granite is a hard, coarse-grained rock that makes up a large part of every continent.
0232820|Grant, Cary (1904-1986), was an American motion-picture actor.
0232830|Grant, George Monro (1835-1902), was a Canadian educator, minister, and writer.
0232840|Grant, Ulysses S. (1822-1885), commanded the victorious Union armies at the close of the Civil War in 1865.
0232900|Granville-Barker, Harley (1877-1946), was an English playwright, actor, producer, and critic.
0232920|Grape is a juicy, smooth-skinned berry that grows on a woody vine.
0232960|Grapefruit is a large, round citrus fruit.
0232980|Graph is a drawing that shows the relative sizes of numerical quantities.
0233000|Graphic arts is a general term for drawing and other techniques used to reproduce words and pictures.
0233020|Graphite is a soft black mineral that is greasy to the touch.
0233040|Graphology is the study of a person's handwriting to obtain information about his or her personality.
0233060|Grass is one of the largest and most varied families in the plant kingdom.
0233065|Grass, Gunter, (1927- ), is a German novelist, poet, playwright, artist, and essayist.
0233160|Grasshopper is an insect that can leap about 20 times as far as the length of its body.
0233180|Grassland is one of the four chief kinds of natural vegetation.
0233210|Grasso, Ella Tambussi (1919-1981), served as governor of Connecticut from 1975 to 1980.
0233215|Grateful Dead is one of the most popular and longest-lasting American bands in rock music history.
0233230|Grattan, Henry (1746-1820), an Irish politician, led a movement that temporarily freed Ireland's Parliament from British control.
0233300|Gravel is a mixture of loose pieces of rock and particles of sand and clay.
0233325|Graves, Michael (1934- ), an American architect, is a leader of the movement in architecture known as post-modernism.
0233330|Graves, Morris (1910- ), is an American artist who became known for his paintings and water colors that show the influence of oriental mysticism.
0233340|Graves, Robert (1895-1985), was an English author.
0233350|Graves' disease is a disorder that causes the thyroid gland to become overactive.
0233440|Gravitation is the force of attraction that acts between all objects because of their mass--that is, the amount of matter they are made of.
0233460|Gravity, Center of, is the point in an object where the force of gravity appears to act.
0233560|Gray, Asa (1810-1888), was the leading authority of his time on plant life in the United States.
0233580|Gray, Elisha (1835-1901), was an American inventor who--were it not for a few hours--might have become known as the inventor of the telephone.
0233620|Gray, Robert (1755-1806), was the first person to sail around the world under the United States flag.
0233630|Gray, Simon (1936- ), is an English dramatist known for his plays with academic and publishing settings.
0233660|Gray, Thomas (1716-1771), was an English poet.
0233730|Gray Panthers is a national organization that fights age discrimination.
0233735|Gray whale is a medium-sized whale that lives in the Pacific Ocean.
0233740|Grayling is a game fish related to trout.
0233780|Graz, (pop. 237,810), is the second largest city in Austria.
0233840|Greasewood is a scraggly, thorny bush with stiff, dense, gray-barked branches and narrow, fleshy leaves.
0233880|Great Awakening is the name given to a series of religious revivals in the American Colonies during the mid-1700's.
0233900|Great Barrier Reef is the largest group of coral reefs in the world.
0233920|Great Basin is a large desert region in the western United States.
0233930|Great Basin National Park is in eastern Nevada.
0233960|Great Bear Lake is the largest lake in Canada and the fourth largest in the Americas.
0234000|Great Britain is an island located off the northwest coast of the mainland of Europe.
0234020|Great-circle route is the shortest, most direct route between two points on the earth's surface.
0234060|Great Dane is a breed of large dog.
0234080|Great Depression was a worldwide business slump of the 1930's.
0234100|Great Divide, also called Continental Divide, is the high ground in North America that separates streams flowing into the Pacific Ocean from those flowing into the Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Mexico, and Arctic Ocean.
0234180|Great Fall, one of the world's highest waterfalls, drops 1,600 feet (488 meters) in the wilderness of western Guyana (formerly British Guiana) near Mount Roraima.
0234200|Great Falls (pop. 55,097; met. area pop. 77,691) is an industrial and trade center in north-central Montana.
0234260|Great Lakes. Lakes Superior, Michigan, Huron, Erie, and Ontario--the five Great Lakes--are the world's largest group of freshwater lakes.
0234280|Great Lakes Naval Training Center, Ill., is the site of the United States Navy's largest recruit training command.
0234400|Great Plains is a vast, dry grassland in North America.
0234440|Great Pyrenees is a large dog from the Pyrenees Mountains, where it is used as a sheepdog.
0234450|Great Rift Valley is a series of valleys that cuts through much of eastern Africa and part of southwestern Asia.
0234460|Great Salt Lake is an inland saltwater sea in northwestern Utah.
0234480|Great Salt Lake Desert is a low, flat, arid region in northwestern Utah, just west of Salt Lake City.
0234500|Great Sand Dunes National Monument is in southern Colorado, about 38 miles (61 kilometers) by road northeast of Alamosa.
0234540|Great Seal of the United States, also called Seal of the United States, symbolizes the sovereignty of the United States.
0234560|Great Slave Lake is one of the largest lakes in the Americas.
0234580|Great Smoky Mountains, a range of the Blue Ridge Mountains, are so named because they are usually covered by a smoky mist or haze.
0234600|Great Smoky Mountains National Park contains the most extensive virgin hardwood and red spruce forests in the United States.
0234700|Great Victoria Desert, an area of shifting sand dunes, stretches for about 800 miles (1,300 kilometers) across southwestern Australia.
0234720|Great Wall of China is the longest structure ever built.
0234800|Greaves, Captain, also called Red Legs, was a Scotch-Irish pirate in the 1670's.
0234820|Grebe is a kind of diving bird.
0234840|Greco, El, (1541?-1614), was one of the world's great painters.
0234860|Greco, Jose, (1918- ), one of the world's best Spanish dancers, learned his art in New York City.
0234880|Greece is a small country where Western civilization started about 2,500 years ago.
0234900|Greece, Ancient, was the birthplace of Western civilization about 2,500 years ago.
0234960|Greek fire was a chemical mixture that burned furiously.
0235020|Greek language is one of the oldest surviving branches of the Indo-European family of languages.
0235060|Greek literature is the oldest and most influential national literature in the Western world.
0235075|Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of North and South America has under its jurisdiction more than 500 Greek Orthodox Church communities in Canada, the United States, and Central and South America.
0235120|Greeley, Horace (1811-1872), a prominent American newspaper publisher, founded and edited the New York Tribune.
0235210|Green, Henry (1905-1973), was the pen name of Henry Vincent Yorke, an English novelist.
0235220|Green, Hetty (1834-1916), was regarded at the time of her death as the richest woman in the world.
0235240|Green, Paul Eliot (1894-1981), was an American playwright.
0235280|Green, Theodore Francis (1867-1966), a Rhode Island Democrat, was the oldest man ever to serve in the United States Senate.
0235300|Green, William (1873-1952), succeeded Samuel Gompers as president of the American Federation of Labor (AFL) in 1924, and held the position until his death.
0235360|Green Bay, Wis. (pop. 96,466; met. area pop. 194,594), is one of the most important trade and shipping centers in the state.
0235420|Green Mountain Boys were soldiers from Vermont who fought for the American Colonies in the Revolutionary War (1775-1783).
0235460|Green Mountains form part of the Appalachian system.
0235465|Green party is any of a number of political parties that are most widely known for promoting environmental issues.
0235540|Greenaway, Kate (1846-1901), was an English illustrator of children's books.
0235560|Greenback is a popular name for United States notes, a kind of paper money.
0235580|Greenback Party was an American political party that was active between 1876 and 1884.
0235620|Greenbrier is the name for several types of climbing vines that have prickly green stems.
0235640|Greene, Graham (1904-1991), an English author, won fame for both serious novels and for lighter books he called "entertainments.
0235660|Greene, Nathanael (1742-1786), an American Revolutionary War general, is noted for his campaigns against the British in North and South Carolina between 1780 and 1782.
0235670|Greene, Robert (1558?-1592), was an English writer.
0235680|Greenfield Village is a collection of about 100 historic buildings in Dearborn, Mich.
0235720|Greenhouse is a building in which people can grow plants the year around.
0235730|Greenhouse effect is a warming near the earth's surface that results when the earth's atmosphere traps the sun's heat.
0235740|Greenland is the largest island in the world.
0235780|Greenough, Horatio (1805-1852), was the first American sculptor to gain international fame.
0235790|Greenpeace is an international environmental organization.
0235820|Greensboro, (pop. 183,521), is one of the largest cities in North Carolina.
0235840|Greenspan, Alan (1926- ), became chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (FRS) in 1987.
0235920|Greenway, John Campbell (1872-1926), an American mining engineer and soldier, led in the development of mining and transportation in Arizona.
0235960|Greenwich Meridian is a north-south line that passes through Greenwich, a borough of London, on a map of the earth.
0235980|Greenwich Observatory, Royal, was founded in 1675 by Charles II of England.
0236040|Greeting cards mark special occasions or provide friendly greetings to persons receiving them.
0236060|Gregg, John Robert (1867-1948), invented the Gregg system of shorthand, in which lines and curves represent letters and syllables.
0236080|Gregoire, Paul Cardinal (1911- ), was appointed a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church by Pope John Paul II in 1988.
0236100|Gregorian calendar is the calendar that is used in almost all the world today.
0236141|Gregory I, Saint (540?-604), was elected pope in 590.
0236150|Gregory VII, Saint (1020?-1085), was elected pope in 1073.
0236155|Gregory IX (about 1155-1241) was elected pope in 1227.
0236160|Gregory X (1210-1276) was elected pope in 1271, after the office had been vacant for almost three years.
0236165|Gregory XIII (1502-1585) was elected pope in 1572 and devoted his reign to Catholic reform.
0236170|Gregory, Dick (1932- ), is a black American entertainer who gained fame for his satirical views on American racial attitudes.
0236175|Gregory, Lady (1852-1932), an Irish playwright and folklorist, helped launch the renaissance in Irish drama associated with Dublin's Abbey Theatre.
0236180|Gremlin is a small imaginary creature that supposedly causes mechanical problems in airplanes.
0236200|Grenada is an island nation in the West Indies.
0236220|Grenade is a small explosive bomb that may be thrown, or may be fired from a rifle.
0236260|Grenadines, make up a chain of over 100 small and mostly uninhabited islands in the West Indies.
0236300|Grenfell, Sir Wilfred Thomason (1865-1940), a British medical missionary, became known as Grenfell of Labrador.
0236310|Grenoble, (pop. 153,973; met. area pop. 400,141), is a manufacturing city in southeastern France.
0236340|Grenville, Sir Richard (1542-1591), an English naval commander, led Sir Walter Raleigh's first colonizing expedition to America.
0236360|Gresham's law is an economic principle dealing with the circulation of money.
0236380|Gretna Green is a village in Scotland noted for the runaway marriages that were performed there.
0236400|Gretzky, Wayne (1961- ), is the greatest scorer in National Hockey League (NHL) history.
0236480|Grey, Earl (1851-1917), a British diplomat, served as governor general of Canada from 1904 to 1911.
0236520|Grey, Lady Jane (1537-1554), became known as "the nine-day queen" of England.
0236540|Grey, Zane (1872-1939), ranks as one of the most popular authors in American literature of novels about the Wild West.
0236545|Grey Cup is a Canadian professional football trophy.
0236550|Grey Owl (1888-1938) was the Indian name of Archibald Stansfeld Belaney, an adopted Ojibwa who gained fame as a wildlife writer and lecturer.
0236560|Greyhound is one of the fastest of all dogs.
0236700|Grieg, Edvard (1843-1907), was a Norwegian composer.
0236720|Griffin was a strange creature of Greek mythology, with the head and wings of an eagle and the body of a lion.
0236760|Griffith, Arthur (1872-1922), an Irish journalist and politician, was a leader in Ireland's fight for independence from Britain.
0236780|Griffith, D. W. (1875-1948), was a pioneer American motion-picture director and producer.
0236800|Grimes, Martha (1931- ), is an American author famous for detective novels with an English background.
0236860|Grimke was the family name of two sisters who became abolitionists and pioneers in the women's rights movement in the United States.
0236880|Grimm is the family name of two German brothers, Jakob Ludwig Grimm (1785-1863) and Wilhelm Karl Grimm (1786-1859).
0236890|Grimmelshausen, Hans Jakob Christoffel von (1622?-1676), was a German author.
0236900|Grimm's Fairy Tales is a famous collection of German folk tales.
0236920|Grinding and polishing are two important manufacturing processes.
0236970|Gris, Juan, (1887-1927), a Spanish-born painter, made important contributions to the modern style of painting called cubism.
0236980|Grison is the name of two species of furry, weasellike animals that live in Central and South America.
0237000|Grissom, Virgil Ivan (1926-1967), was one of the first United States astronauts, and the first American to make more than one space flight.
0237060|Grizzly bear is a large, powerful bear of western North America.
0237120|Grofe, Ferde, (1892-1972), was an American composer and arranger.
0237180|Gromyko, Andrei Andreyevich (1909-1989), was an important official of the Soviet Union for many years.
0237240|Gropius, Walter (1883-1969), was a German architect.
0237280|Gros Ventre Indians make up two tribes of Plains Indians.
0237300|Grosbeak is any one of several handsome songbirds that have thick, powerful bills.
0237320|Groseilliers, Sieur des (1618?-1696?), was a French explorer and fur trader.
0237330|Gross domestic product (GDP) is the value of all goods and services produced in a country during a given period.
0237420|Grosvenor, Gilbert Hovey, (1875-1966), edited National Geographic Magazine for more than 50 years.
0237440|Grosz, George (1893-1959), a German painter, became famous in the 1920's for his biting satires of the military and wealthy classes, and for drawings criticizing the moral collapse of society after World War I (1914-1918).
0237500|Grotius, Hugo (1583-1645), a Dutch lawyer, theologian, statesman, and poet, is considered the founder of international law.
0237580|Ground, in electricity, is an electrical conductor that is connected to the earth to complete a circuit.
0237680|Ground-Hog Day is an American tradition that supposedly predicts when spring will arrive.
0237740|Ground sloth is a huge, extinct animal of the sloth family.
0237760|Ground squirrel is any member of the squirrel family that burrows underground to build its nest.
0237780|Ground water is water beneath the surface of the earth.
0237840|Group dynamics includes the forces that work on any group of people and determine what it does.
0237900|Group of Seven was a school of Canadian landscape painters.
0237940|Grouper is a type of ocean fish that lives in warm and temperate seas, mostly around rocky shores and coral reefs.
0237960|Grouse is a type of bird that lives in the Northern Hemisphere.
0237980|Grove, Frederick Philip (1879-1948), was a Canadian novelist noted for his realistic descriptions of prairie life combined with romantic fatalism.
0238040|Growth is an increase in the number or size of a living thing's cells.
0238060|Grub is the name given to the larva (immature form) of certain insects.
0238100|Gruening, Ernest (1887-1974), was a leader in Alaska's drive for statehood.
0238140|Grumman, Leroy (1895-1982), an American industrialist, founded and became chairman of the board of the Grumman Aircraft Corporation (now the Grumman Corporation) in 1929.
0238200|Grunewald, Matthias, (1470's-1528), was a German painter of dramatic religious scenes.
0238220|Grunion is a small, silvery fish that lives along the coast of southern California and northwestern Mexico.
0238240|Grunt is an ocean fish that makes grunting sounds when taken from the water.
0238260|Gu Kaizhi, (A.D. 345?-406?), also spelled Ku K'ai-chih, was the first Chinese painter recognized as a great master.
0238300|Guadalajara, (pop. 1,650,205; met. area pop. 2,846,720), is the second largest city in Mexico.
0238320|Guadalcanal Island lies in the Coral Sea, east of the southern tip of New Guinea.
0238360|Guadalupe Day, commemorates the day that the Virgin Mary is believed to have appeared to Juan Diego, a poor Indian.
0238380|Guadalupe Hidalgo Treaty of, officially ended the Mexican War (1846-1848).
0238390|Guadalupe Mountains National Park, in western Texas, contains one of the most significant fossil reefs in the world.
0238420|Guadeloupe is a group of islands in the West Indies.
0238460|Guam is a territory of the United States in the Mariana Islands.
0238480|Guan is the name of a group of tropical American game birds.
0238500|Guanaco is an animal that looks like a small camel without a hump.
0238530|Guangzhou, (pop. 3,220,000), is the largest city in southern China and a major center of international trade.
0238540|Guano is the waste matter of sea birds and bats.
0238560|Guantanamo, (pop. 203,371), is a city in southern Cuba.
0238580|Guar is a hardy, drought-resistant legume grown for its seeds, as forage, and as a green manure crop to improve the soil.
0238640|Guaranty is an agreement whereby one person promises to pay another's debt if the latter fails to pay.
0238680|Guardian, in law, is a person appointed by a court to care for another person called a ward, or for another person's property, or both.
0238700|Guarneri is the name of a famous family of violinmakers who lived in Cremona, Italy.
0238720|Guatemala, has more people than any other Central American country.
0238740|Guatemala City is the capital and largest city of Guatemala.
0238760|Guava is a tropical fruit.
0238780|Guayaquil, (pop. 1,764,170), is the largest city and chief seaport in Ecuador.
0238800|Guayule is a rubber-producing shrub that is native to the desert of southwestern Texas and north-central Mexico.
0238860|Guelphs and Ghibellines were two political groups in Italy during the late Middle Ages.
0238870|Guenon is any of a group of monkeys that live throughout Africa south of the Sahara.
0238960|Guernsey is the westernmost of the Channel Islands in the English Channel.
0239020|Guerrilla warfare is warfare by roving bands of fighters who torment the enemy with ambushes, sudden raids, and other small-scale attacks.
0239040|Guest, Edgar Albert (1881-1959), an English-born American poet, wrote about friendship, family affection, the home, and similar subjects.
0239050|Guevara, Che, (1928-1967), was one of the most powerful members of the Cuban government under Fidel Castro.
0239061|Guggenheim, Meyer, (1828?-1905), was a Swiss-born industrialist who made a fortune in the United States in the mining and smelting business.
0239100|Guggenheim Museum, houses an important collection of paintings, sculptures, and other works of art created in the late 1800's and 1900's.
0239120|Guiana is a name for regions on the northeast coast of South America.
0239160|Guidance, in education, is the process of helping students make the best possible decisions about their lives.
0239180|Guided missile is a bomblike flying weapon that is steered to its target.
0239240|Guild, in the Middle Ages, was an association of people with a common interest.
0239260|Guilder is the monetary unit of the Netherlands.
0239340|Guillemot is a sea bird in the auk family.
0239360|Guillotine was a beheading machine.
0239380|Guinea is a region on the west coast of Africa.
0239400|Guinea is a country on the west coast of Africa.
0239420|Guinea was an old English coin, equal to 21 shillings.
0239430|Guinea-Bissau is a small, independent country on the bulge of Africa's west coast.
0239480|Guinea pig is the name of a group of furry South American mammals.
0239490|Guineafowl is a close relative of the pheasant.
0239520|Guinness, Sir Alec (1914- ), is a famous English stage and motion-picture actor.
0239580|Guitar is a popular stringed instrument.
0239670|Guizot, Francois Pierre Guillaume, (1787-1874), was a French historian and statesman.
0239740|Gulf is a large body of salt water that is partially enclosed by land.
0239780|Gulf Cooperation Council is an organization of Arab states that work together in such matters as military defense and economic policy.
0239800|Gulf Intracoastal Waterway is a water route along the Gulf of Mexico from Carrabelle, Fla., to Brownsville, Tex.
0239860|Gulf of California is an arm of the Pacific Ocean that lies between the Lower California peninsula and the mainland of Mexico.
0239960|Gulf of Mexico is a great curved arm of the Atlantic Ocean.
0240020|Gulf of Saint Lawrence is a deep arm of the Atlantic Ocean, and the largest gulf on the North American coast, except for the Gulf of Mexico.
0240080|Gulf States are the states that border on the Gulf of Mexico.
0240100|Gulf Stream is a major ocean current.
0240140|Gulick, Luther Halsey, (1865-1918), an American physical education teacher, encouraged James Naismith to originate the game of basketball.
0240160|Gull is a type of long-winged bird about the size of a pigeon or larger.
0240200|Gulliver's Travels is a great satire in English literature, and a favorite children's story.
0240260|Gum is any of many sticky substances that have a number of uses in industry.
0240320|Gum arabic is a gum that dissolves easily in water.
0240360|Gum tree is the name of many trees that produce gum or a gumlike substance.
0240420|Gun is a weapon that fires a bullet, a shell, or some other missile.
0240440|Gun control is an effort to fight violent crime by strengthening laws on the ownership of firearms.
0240460|Guncotton is an explosive.
0240500|Gunpowder is an explosive material that burns rapidly to form high-pressure gas.
0240520|Gunpowder Plot was a plan to blow up the English Houses of Parliament on Nov. 5, 1605, when King James I and a council of government officials were to be present.
0240640|Guppy is a small tropical fish.
0240660|Gupta dynasty was a series of rulers of one family who reigned in northern India from about A.D. 320 to 500.
0240700|Gurnard is the name of certain marine fishes that live in all warm seas.
0240741|Gustavus I, (1496-1560), was the first king of independent Sweden.
0240760|Gustavus Adolphus, (1594-1632), was king of Sweden from 1611 to 1632.
0240770|Guston, Philip (1913-1980), an American painter, gained recognition in the 1940's largely for his melancholy city scenes.
0240780|Gutenberg, Johannes, (1395?-1468?), invented the type mold, which made printing from movable metallic type practical for the first time.
0240800|Guthrie, A. B., Jr. (1901-1991), was an American author known for his novels about the Oregon Trail and frontier life in the Rocky Mountains.
0240850|Guthrie, Sir Tyrone (1900-1971), was an English director and producer who specialized in inventive productions of plays by William Shakespeare and other classics.
0240855|Guthrie, Woody (1912-1967), was an American folk singer and composer.
0240870|Gutierrez, Jose Angel, (1944- ), is a leader of the Chicano movement, a Mexican American civil rights campaign.
0240880|Gutta-percha is a milky juice obtained chiefly from the Palaquium gutta trees of Malaysia.
0240920|Guy of Warwick was the legendary hero of an English romance.
0240930|Guyana is a country on the northeast coast of South America.
0240960|Gwinnett, Button (1735?-1777), a Georgia signer of the Declaration of Independence, served in the Georgia Assembly in 1769 and in the Continental Congress in 1776 and 1777.
0240980|Gwyn, Nell (1650-1687), was a popular English actress and a mistress of King Charles II of England.
0241000|Gymnasium is a room or building for physical training, athletic competitions, and games.
0241020|Gymnastics is a competitive sport for both men and women in which participants demonstrate body control over a wide range of acrobatic exercises and other movements.
0241040|Gymnosperm is the name of one of two large groups of seed plants.
0241065|Gyor, (pop. 129,116), is a major commercial and industrial city in northwestern Hungary.
0241070|Gypsies, also spelled Gipsies, are a group of wandering people whose ancestors originally lived in India.
0241080|Gypsum is a white to yellowish-white mineral used to make plaster of Paris.
0241120|Gypsy moth is an insect that is destructive to forest, shade, and fruit trees.
0241200|Gyrocompass is a mechanical device that determines direction.
0241240|Gyroscope, also called a gyro, is a device that uses rotation to produce a stable direction in space.
0241320|H is the eighth letter of our alphabet.
0241400|Habakkuk, Book of, is a book of the Old Testament, or Hebrew Bible.
0241460|Habeas corpus is a legal term which, in its original Latin, means you are ordered to have the body.
0241520|Haber process is a commercial method of producing ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen.
0241540|Habit is something a person learns to do over and over again without thinking about how to do it.
0241560|Habitat is the kind of place in which a plant or animal usually lives in nature.
0241580|Habsburg, House of, was one of Europe's most famous royal families.
0241600|Hacienda is a large farm or country estate in Spanish America.
0241620|Hackberry is the name of about 70 species of trees and shrubs found throughout the world.
0241680|Hadassah is an organization of Jewish women in the United States.
0241700|Haddock is an important food fish that belongs to the codfish family.
0241740|Hades was the god of the dead in Greek mythology.
0241800|Hadrian, (A.D. 76-138), was a Roman emperor.
0241810|Hadron is a major group of subatomic particles.
0241815|Hadrosaur is the name of a diverse group of dinosaurs with wide snouts resembling duck bills.
0241820|Haeckel, Ernst Heinrich, (1834-1919), a German zoologist, became known for his theory of recapitulation.
0241840|Hafiz, (1325?-1389?), was the pen name of Shamsu'd-din Mohammad, considered the greatest lyric poet in the Persian language.
0241860|Hafnium, a chemical element, is a silver-colored metal.
0241920|Hagen, Walter (1892-1969), was a great golfer and the player most responsible for elevating professional golf into a major sport.
0241940|Hagenbeck, Karl (1844-1913), organized the type of trained wild animal acts that are presented today.
0241980|Hagfish is an eellike fish related to the lampreys.
0242000|Haggai, Book of, is a book of the Hebrew Bible, or Old Testament, named for an ancient Jewish prophet.
0242020|Haggard, Sir Henry Rider (1856-1925), was one of the most successful English writers of popular fiction in the late 1800's.
0242050|Hagia Sophia is the most impressive surviving example of Byzantine architecture.
0242060|Hague, Frank (1876-1956), an American politician, served as mayor of Jersey City, N.J., from 1917 to 1947.
0242080|Hague, The (pop. 449,338; met. area pop. 677,962), is the seat of the government of the Netherlands and the official residence of the country's monarch.
0242120|Hahn, Otto (1879-1968), was a German chemist who discovered the process of nuclear fission (the splitting of the nucleus of an atom) in 1938.
0242140|Hahnemann, Samuel (1755-1843), a German physician, founded the homeopathic method of treating disease.
0242160|Haida Indians, live chiefly on the Queen Charlotte Islands of British Columbia in Canada and on Prince of Wales Island of Alaska in the United States.
0242180|Haifa, (pop. 266,100; met. area pop. 392,700), is a major port and manufacturing and cultural center in Israel.
0242190|Haig, Alexander Meigs, Jr. (1924- ), became secretary of state under President Ronald Reagan in 1981 and resigned the position in 1982.
0242195|Haig, Douglas (1861-1928), one of the most able British generals of his day, commanded Britain's forces in France during World War I (1914-1918).
0242260|Hail is a precipitation in the form of round or irregularly shaped lumps of ice called hailstones.
0242300|Hail to the Chief is a musical composition used to officially announce the arrival or presence of the President of the United States.
0242320|Haile Selassie I, (1892-1975), became emperor of Ethiopia in 1930.
0242340|Haiphong, (pop. 1,447,649), is a manufacturing center and seaport in northern Vietnam.
0242360|Hair is a threadlike structure that grows from the skin of mammals.
0242440|Hairdressing is the art of cutting, setting, arranging, and otherwise caring for the hair.
0242470|Haise, Fred Wallace, Jr. (1933- ), served as lunar module pilot of the United States Apollo 13 space flight in April 1970.
0242480|Haiti is a country in the West Indies.
0242500|Hajj, also spelled hadj, is a holy pilgrimage to Mecca, the holy city of the Islamic religion.
0242520|Hake is the name of a group of food fish closely related to the cod.
0242580|Halas, George Stanley (1895-1983), was a pioneer of professional football.
0242600|Halcyon days, according to sea tradition, is the two-week period of calm weather before and after the shortest day of the year, about December 21.
0242660|Hale, Edward Everett (1822-1909), was a Unitarian clergyman, editor, and humanitarian.
0242680|Hale, George Ellery (1868-1938), was an American astronomer who pioneered in the development of instruments for studying the sun.
0242700|Hale, John Parker (1806-1873), an American politician from New Hampshire, was a leading opponent of slavery before the Civil War.
0242720|Hale, Nathan (1755-1776), was an American patriot of the Revolutionary War.
0242740|Hale, Sarah Josepha, (1788-1879), became one of the most famous magazine editors in the United States during the 1800's.
0242820|Haleakala National Park, became a separate park in 1960.
0242840|Halevi, Judah (1085-1141?), was one of the greatest Hebrew poets of the Middle Ages.
0242845|Haley, Alex (1921-1992), was an American author who became famous for his book Roots: The Saga of an American Family (1976).
0242890|Half dollar is a United States coin worth 50 cents.
0242980|Halibut is one of the largest and most important of the flatfishes.
0243060|Halifax (pop. 114,455; met. area pop. 320,501) is the capital of Nova Scotia and the largest city in Canada's four Atlantic Provinces.
0243140|Hall, G. Stanley (1844-1924), an American educator and psychologist, became an authority on the study of children.
0243200|Hall, Lyman (1724-1790), an American Revolutionary War statesman, urged independence from Britain and influenced Georgia's decision to join the other colonies.
0243220|Hall, Prince (1748-1807), founded the first all-black Masonic lodge in America.
0243240|Hall effect is an electrical phenomenon that occurs when a current flows through a material in a magnetic field.
0243280|Hall of fame is a museum honoring people who have gained fame in a particular field.
0243340|Halleck, Henry Wager, (1815-1872), was a Union general in the Civil War.
0243360|Halley, Edmond (1656-1742), also spelled Edmund, was an English astronomer noted for his work on comets.
0243380|Halley's Comet is a brilliant comet named for the English astronomer Edmond Halley, who studied the paths of comets.
0243400|Halliburton, Richard (1900-1939), was an American adventurer, author, and lecturer.
0243460|Halloween is a festival that takes place on October 31.
0243480|Hallucination is a mental state in which a person sees, hears, tastes, smells, or feels something that is not present.
0243490|Hallucinogenic drug is any of several substances that distort understanding of oneself and one's surroundings.
0243520|Halo is a luminous ring or a disk of light that surrounds an object.
0243540|Halogen. The halogens are the chemical elements astatine (chemical symbol, At), fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), and iodine (I).
0243570|Halothane is a drug doctors use to make patients insensitive to pain during surgery.
0243600|Hals, Frans, (1580?-1666), was one of the finest Dutch portrait painters of the 1600's.
0243620|Halsey, William Frederick, Jr. (1882-1959), was one of the leading United States naval commanders in World War II.
0243720|Ham is the meat taken from the hind leg of a hog.
0243840|Hamburg (pop. 1,652,363) is Germany's second largest city and its most important industrial center.
0243850|Hamer, Fannie Lou (1917-1977), was a leading black American civil rights activist.
0243880|Hamilcar Barca, (?-229 B.C.), was a great general of Carthage and the father of Hannibal, Carthage's most famous general.
0243900|Hamilton (pop. 1,669) is the capital and chief port of Bermuda.
0243940|Hamilton, Ont., is the center of the Canadian steel industry.
0243960|Hamilton, Alexander (1755 or 1757-1804), was a noted statesman and political leader during the early years of the United States.
0243965|Hamilton, Alice (1869-1970), was an American physician who pioneered in industrial medicine.
0243990|Hamilton, Virginia (1936- ), is an American author of children's books.
0244040|Hamites are certain African peoples who live mainly in eastern, northern, and northeastern Africa, including parts of Eritrea, Ethiopia, the Sahara, and the Sudan.
0244080|Hamlin, Hannibal (1809-1891), was Vice President of the United States from 1861 to 1865, during President Abraham Lincoln's first term.
0244120|Hammarskjold, Dag, (1905-1961), served as secretary-general of the United Nations from 1953 until his death in a plane crash in Africa.
0244140|Hammer is a tool used to drive nails and to work metals and other materials.
0244160|Hammer throw is a men's track and field event in which an athlete throws a hammer (metal ball) as far as he can.
0244210|Hammerhead shark is any of nine species of meat-eating sharks that have a wide, flattened head.
0244220|Hammerstein, Oscar, II (1895-1960), wrote the lyrics and scripts for many of the most famous shows in the history of American musical theater.
0244230|Hammett, Dashiell, (1894-1961), was the leader of the "hard-boiled" school of detective fiction.
0244280|Hammond, John Hays, Jr. (1888-1965), was an American inventor.
0244300|Hammurabi, (?-1750 B.C.), also spelled Hammurapi, was a king of Babylonia who expanded his kingdom into the first great Babylonian empire.
0244380|Hampton, Va. (pop. 133,793), lies on a peninsula at the south end of Chesapeake Bay, across from Norfolk.
0244390|Hampton, Lionel (1908- ), is an American jazz musician.
0244400|Hampton, Wade (1818-1902), was a Confederate general in the American Civil War (1861-1865).
0244420|Hampton Court Conference was a meeting called in 1604 by King James I of England.
0244460|Hampton Roads is a natural channel and harbor formed at the place where the Nansemond, James, and Elizabeth rivers meet in Virginia.
0244500|Hampton Roads Conference was an attempt to end the American Civil War (1861-1865).
0244505|Hampton University is a private coeducational university in Hampton, Va.
0244520|Hamster is any of several kinds of small, chunky, furry rodents that live in Asia and Europe.
0244560|Hamsun, Knut, (1859-1952), was a Norwegian author who wrote with deep feeling about nature and the land.
0244600|Han dynasty was a series of emperors of the same family who ruled ancient China for over 400 years.
0244640|Hancock, John (1737-1793), was an American revolutionary leader who became the first person to sign the Declaration of Independence in 1776.
0244660|Hancock, Winfield Scott (1824-1886), was a general of the Union Army in the Civil War (1861-1865).
0244700|Hand is the end of a forelimb, or arm.
0244740|Hand, Learned (1872-1961), an American lawyer and judge, served from 1924 to 1951 as judge of the United States Court of Appeals (see COURT OF APPEALS ).
0244780|Hand organ is the general name given to several kinds of musical instruments that produce music when the player cranks a handle.
0244800|Handball is a game in which players hit a rubber ball against a wall with their hands.
0244810|Handcuffs are used by law enforcement officers to prevent a suspect or prisoner from having full use of the hands.
0244820|Handel, George Frideric (1685-1759), was a German-born composer who is known today mainly through his musical compositions called oratorios.
0244830|Handgun is a firearm that is operated with one hand.
0244860|Handicap is a way to equalize sports competition between opponents who are unequal in ability.
0244900|Handicraft, also called handcraft, refers to the creation of objects by hand.
0244920|Handkerchief is a small piece of cloth people carry to wipe their face, nose, or eyes.
0244960|Handwriting is one of the most useful skills.
0244980|Handwriting on the wall. According to a Bible story (Dan. 5:1-31), the Babylonian ruler Belshazzar, during a banquet, saw the fingers of a man's hand writing the Aramaic words mene, mene, tekel, upharsin on his palace wall.
0245000|Handy, W. C. (1873-1958), was an American composer of blues songs.
0245120|Hanging is a legal means of execution in some states of the United States.
0245170|Hangzhou, (pop. 1,191,582), is a Chinese tourist center and the capital of Zhejiang Province.
0245210|Hanks, Tom (1956- ), is an internationally popular motion-picture star who won fame for playing likable, charming, and innocent characters.
0245220|Hanna, Mark (1837-1904), an American politician and businessman, became known for managing the political campaigns of William McKinley.
0245260|Hannibal (247-183 B.C.) was the greatest general and statesman of Carthage, an ancient North African city.
0245280|Hannibal, Missouri (pop. 18,004), is the boyhood home of the writer Mark Twain.
0245320|Hanoi, (pop. 3,058,855), is the capital and second largest city of Vietnam.
0245330|Hanover, (pop. 513,010), also spelled Hannover, is one of Germany's largest cities.
0245340|Hanover, also spelled Hannover, is a historic area in northwestern Germany.
0245417|Hansberry, Lorraine (1930-1965), was the first black American playwright to achieve critical and popular success on Broadway.
0245420|Hanseatic League was a loose confederation of north German cities.
0245560|Hanson, Howard (1896-1981), was an American composer, conductor, and educator.
0245580|Hanson, John (1721-1783), was a Maryland statesman at the time of the Revolutionary War in America (1775-1783).
0245590|Hantavirus is the name of a group of viruses.
0245600|Hanukkah is the Jewish Feast of Lights or Feast of Dedication.
0245700|Hara-kiri is a method of suicide that is used by members of the Japanese warrior class, or samurai.
0245735|Harare, (pop. 656,100), is the capital and largest city of Zimbabwe.
0245740|Harbin, (pop. 2,590,000), is one of the large cities of China.
0245760|Harbor is any sheltered body of water where ships may moor or anchor.
0245880|Harding, Warren Gamaliel (1865-1923), was elected President by a people weary of wartime restraints and world problems.
0245920|Hardness is the ability of a material to scratch a mark on other substances or to resist being scratched by them.
0245980|Hardy, Thomas (1840-1928), was an English novelist and poet.
0246000|Hare is a long-eared mammal with powerful hind legs and a short, fluffy tail.
0246100|Harem is the women's section of a household in some Middle Eastern and Asian countries.
0246140|Hargreaves, James (1722?-1778), invented the spinning jenny, the first commercially successful machine to spin many threads at a time.
0246200|Harkins, William Draper (1873-1951), was an American chemist who helped to clarify thinking on the nature of the atom.
0246280|Harlan, James (1820-1899) was a United States senator from Iowa from 1855 to 1865.
0246290|Harlan, John Marshall (1833-1911), served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1877 until his death.
0246390|Harlow, Harry Frederick (1905-1981), was an American psychologist.
0246400|Harmattan is a cool, extremely dry wind that forms over the Sahara and blows westward or southwestward to the African coast.
0246480|Harmonica is the name given to two simple musical instruments.
0246500|Harmonics are the components of a musical tone.
0246520|Harmonium is a reed organ.
0246540|Harmony is the study of musical chords and their relationships.
0246620|Harness is the equipment placed on a horse or other animal that enables it to pull a vehicle with its shoulders.
0246640|Harness racing is a popular form of horse racing.
0246660|Harnett, William Michael (1848-1892), is often called the leading American still-life painter of the late 1800's.
0246721|Harold I (860?-940?), also spelled Harald, was the first king of Norway.
0246740|Harold II (1022?-1066) was the last Saxon king of England.
0246750|Harold III (1015-1066) was king of Norway.
0246780|Harp is one of the oldest known stringed instruments.
0246790|Harper, Frances Ellen Watkins (1825-1911), was an American author and lecturer.
0246820|Harper, William Rainey (1856-1906), an American educator, became the first president of the University of Chicago in 1891.
0246840|Harpers Ferry, W. Va. (pop. 308), is a village situated on the Potomac River, 55 miles (89 kilometers) northwest of Washington, D.C.
0246880|Harpoon is an arrow-shaped weapon used to spear large fish and whales.
0246900|Harpsichord is a musical instrument that resembles a small piano.
0246940|Harpy, in Greek and Roman mythology, was a frightful monster that was half woman and half bird.
0246960|Harpy eagle is a large bird of prey that lives in lowland tropical forests.
0246980|Harquebus, also called arquebus, was an early firearm.
0246990|Harrier is the name of 13 species of birds of prey.
0247000|Harrier is a breed of dog that was developed for the sport of hunting hares.
0247042|Harriman, W. Averell (1891-1986), an American statesman and businessman, was one of the leading diplomats of the mid-1900's.
0247060|Harris, Benjamin (1660?-1720), published the first newspaper in America.
0247070|Harris, Fred Roy (1930- ), an Oklahoma Democrat, served in the United States Senate from 1964 to 1973.
0247080|Harris, Joel Chandler (1848-1908), an American author and journalist, became famous for his Uncle Remus stories.
0247110|Harris, Patricia Roberts (1924-1985), served as secretary of housing and urban development under President Jimmy Carter from 1977 to 1979.
0247140|Harris, Robert (1849-1919), was one of the most popular and respected Canadian painters of the late 1800's and early 1900's.
0247160|Harris, Roy (1898-1979), was an American composer.
0247220|Harrisburg (pop. 52,376; met. area pop. 587,986) has been the capital of Pennsylvania since 1812.
0247240|Harrison, Benjamin (1726-1791), was a Virginia delegate to the Continental Congress from 1774 to 1777.
0247260|Harrison, Benjamin (1833-1901), was the only grandson of a President who also became President.
0247300|Harrison, William Henry (1773-1841), served the shortest time in office of any President in American history.
0247320|Harrow is an implement that farmers use to break plowed earth into smaller pieces before they plant seeds.
0247340|Harrow School is a leading public school in England.
0247350|Harsha, (A.D. 590?-647), was an Indian king who ruled most of northern India from A.D. 606 to 647.
0247380|Hart, Gary Warren (1936- ), a Colorado Democrat, served as a United States senator from 1975 to 1987.
0247400|Hart, John (1711?-1779), was a signer of the Declaration of Independence.
0247410|Hart, Lorenz (1895-1943), was an American writer of lyrics of popular songs.
0247420|Hart, Moss (1904-1961), was an American playwright and director.
0247440|Harte, Bret (1836-1902), was an American author who became famous for his colorful stories about the West.
0247460|Hartebeest is a large African antelope.
0247480|Hartford (pop. 139,739; met. area pop. 1,157,585) is the capital and second largest city of Connecticut.
0247500|Hartford, George Huntington (1833-1917), an American merchant, helped develop the retail chainstore industry.
0247540|Hartford Convention was a meeting of New England delegates during the War of 1812 to discuss their opposition to the war and to other United States government policies.
0247590|Hartley, Marsden (1877-1943), was one of the first American painters to experiment with cubism and abstract art.
0247600|Hartmann von Aue (1170?-1210?) was a German poet.
0247610|Harun al-Rashid, (766-806), was an important ruler of the Abbasid Dynasty, which governed the Islamic empire during the Middle Ages.
0247720|Harunobu (1725-1770) was a Japanese printmaker.
0247740|Harvard, John (1607-1638), was a minister and philanthropist.
0247760|Harvard University is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States.
0247820|Harvest moon is the name given to the full moon that occurs nearest the autumnal equinox.
0247920|Harvey, William (1578-1657), was an English physician who became famous for his discovery of how blood circulates in mammals, including human beings.
0248020|Hashish is a drug that affects the mind.
0248040|Hasidism is a movement in modern Judaism.
0248060|Haskalah was a religious cultural movement that tried to modernize traditional Jewish beliefs and practices.
0248090|Hassam, Childe (1859-1935), was an American painter.
0248100|Hassan II, (1929- ), became king of Morocco in 1961.
0248120|Hastie, William Henry (1904-1976), was the first African American to become a judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals.
0248160|Hastings, Battle of (Oct. 14, 1066), marked the beginning of the conquest of England by William, Duke of Normandy.
0248180|Hastings, Warren (1732-1818), was the first governor general of India.
0248220|Hat is the name of any of several kinds of coverings for the head.
0248280|Hatch Political Activities Act is a law that limits the political activities of United States government employees.
0248290|Hatcher, Richard Gordon (1933- ), became one of the first blacks to win election as mayor of a major United States city.
0248310|Hate crime is a crime committed by an offender because of the victim's race, ethnic background, religion, or sexual orientation.
0248360|Hathor, sometimes called Athyr, was an ancient Egyptian goddess of the sky.
0248460|Hauptmann, Gerhart, (1862-1946), a German dramatist, won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1912.
0248480|Hausa are a black people of west Africa.
0248520|Havana, (pop. 2,119,059), is the capital, chief port, and largest city of Cuba.
0248530|Havel, Vaclav, (1936- ), became president of the Czech Republic in 1993.
0248600|Haversian canals are tiny channels within compact bone tissue, the hard, outer layers of bone.
0248660|Hawaii is the only state in the United States that does not lie on the mainland of North America.
0248680|Hawaii, University of, is a coeducational, state-supported institution.
0248700|Hawaii Volcanoes National Park is located on the island of Hawaii.
0248730|Hawaiian honeycreeper is any member of a family of about 20 species of sparrow-sized birds that live only in Hawaii.
0248760|Hawk refers to a type of bird of prey.
0248780|Hawk moth is a member of a worldwide family of large, brightly colored moths that are also called sphinx moths.
0248820|Hawke, Robert James Lee (1929- ), served as prime minister of Australia from 1983 to 1991.
0248880|Hawking, Stephen William (1942- ), is a British theoretical physicist.
0248900|Hawkins, Coleman (1904-1969), was the first important improviser on tenor saxophone in jazz.
0248920|Hawkins, Sir John (1532-1595), also spelled Hawkyns, was an English sea captain during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I.
0248940|Hawks, Howard (1896-1977), was an American motion-picture director known for his action films.
0248980|Hawthorn, also called thorn apple, is the name of more than 600 species of thorny shrubs or small trees that bear fragrant flowers.
0249000|Hawthorne, Nathaniel (1804-1864), ranks among America's major authors.
0249020|Hay consists of the dried stems and leaves of plants, and serves as feed for cattle, horses, and other animals.
0249040|Hay, John Milton (1838-1905), was an American diplomat and statesman.
0249060|Hay fever is an allergy that occurs most frequently during the spring, summer, and fall.
0249100|Hay-Pauncefote Treaty, enabled the United States to build the Panama Canal.
0249110|Hayakawa, S. I. (1906-1992), an American educator, became an internationally known expert on semantics (the study of the meaning of words).
0249120|Hayden, Carl Trumbull (1877-1972), an Arizona Democrat, served in the United States Congress from 1912 until 1969--longer than any other person.
0249130|Hayden, Melissa (1923- ), is a Canadian-born ballerina.
0249160|Haydn, Joseph (1732-1809), was an Austrian composer.
0249180|Hayes, Helen (1900-1993), was an American actress.
0249220|Hayes, Roland (1887-1977), was a famous black American lyric tenor.
0249240|Hayes, Rutherford Birchard (1822-1893), was elected President by a margin of only one electoral vote.
0249260|Haymarket Riot took place during a labor protest rally in Haymarket Square in Chicago on May 4, 1886.
0249280|Hayne, Robert Young (1791-1839), was an American statesman and defender of states' rights.
0249300|Haynes, Elwood (1857-1925), an American automobile inventor and manufacturer, designed one of the first successful automobiles.
0249380|Hazardous wastes are chemicals and chemical by-products that can endanger human health or pollute the environment.
0249400|Hazel is any one of about 15 trees and shrubs that grow in the temperate climates of Asia, Europe, and North America.
0249440|Hazlitt, William (1778-1830), was one of the best essayists and critics in English literature.
0249460|Head is the part of the body that contains the brain, the mouth, and the chief sense organs--the eyes, ears, and nose.
0249470|Head Start is a United States government program that provides educational, medical, and social service support to economically disadvantaged children and their families.
0249480|Headache is one of the most common ailments among human beings.
0249520|Headhunter is a person who cuts off the head of a dead enemy to keep as a trophy.
0249530|Headphones are a device used for listening in private to various types of equipment that reproduce sound.
0249580|Health is a state of physical, mental, and social well-being.
0249620|Health, Board of, is a policy-forming or advisory body that aids the executive branch of a government in operating the health department.
0249665|Health and Human Services, Department of, is an executive department of the United States government.
0249675|Health care plans are methods of paying and arranging for an individual's or family's medical care.
0249680|Health Council, National, founded in 1920, is a private, nonprofit association of leading voluntary, professional, business, governmental, and nonprofit health organizations in the United States.
0249710|Health food is a term used to describe a variety of foods and products that some people believe will improve their health.
0249745|Health insurance, National, refers to a government program that pays the health care expenses of almost all of a country's people.
0249770|Healy, James Augustine (1830-1900), was the first African American bishop of the Roman Catholic Church.
0249820|Hearing aid is a device that amplifies sound.
0249840|Hearn, Lafcadio (1850-1904), was an American author.
0249860|Hearne, Samuel (1745-1792), was an English explorer and fur trader.
0249890|Hearst, Phoebe Apperson (1842-1919), an American philanthropist and educator, was a cofounder of the National Congress of Mothers.
0249900|Hearst, William Randolph (1863-1951), was a famous American publisher of newspapers and magazines.
0249920|Heart is the wondrous pump that powers the human body.
0249940|Heart Association, American, is a national voluntary health agency organized to fight diseases of the heart and blood vessels.
0249980|Heart murmur is an abnormal sound in a person's heartbeat.
0250020|Heartburn, also known as pyrosis, is a painful, burning sensation in the esophagus.
0250080|Heat is one of the most important forms of energy.
0250110|Heat pipe is a device that transfers large amounts of heat from one place to another with only small amounts of heat loss.
0250120|Heat pump is a device that takes heat from one area and delivers it to another area at a higher temperature.
0250160|Heat shield is a covering on a spacecraft or a rocket nose cone.
0250180|Heath, also called heather, is a type of low evergreen shrub that grows on moors in Great Britain, other parts of Europe, and Africa.
0250185|Heath, Sir Edward (1916- ), a member of the Conservative Party, served as prime minister of Britain from 1970 to 1974.
0250240|Heating is the supplying of heat to a building, a vehicle, or other enclosure to make the occupants more comfortable.
0250300|Heaven, in the teachings of many religions, is the place or spiritual state in which God, gods, or spirits abide.
0250320|Heaves, also known as broken wind, is a lung disease of horses.
0250340|Heavy water is water that contains the heavy isotope of hydrogen called deuterium (chemical symbol D) in place of ordinary hydrogen.
0250420|Hebe was a goddess in Greek mythology who served nectar to the gods and goddesses on Mount Olympus.
0250555|Hebrew language has been the language of the Jewish people throughout their history.
0250565|Hebrew literature consists of stories, poems, religious studies, and other works written in Hebrew, one of the oldest living languages.
0250620|Hebrews, Epistle to the, is the 19th book of the New Testament.
0250640|Hebrides are a group of Scottish islands that lie northwest of the mainland of Scotland.
0250660|Hebron, (pop. 50,000), is a city in the West Bank, a region between Israel and Jordan.
0250680|Hecate was a goddess associated with the underworld and black magic in Greek mythology.
0250720|Hecht, Ben (1894-1964), was an American playwright, novelist, and screenwriter.
0250750|Heckler, Margaret Mary (1931- ), served as secretary of health and human services from 1983 to 1985.
0250840|Hector, in Greek mythology, was the greatest hero of the ancient city of Troy.
0250860|Hecuba was the second wife of Priam, the king of Troy, in Greek mythology.
0250900|Hedgehog is a small animal that looks somewhat like a porcupine.
0250980|Hedonism is the belief that pleasure is the highest good of life.
0251040|Hegel, G. W. F. (1770-1831), was one of the most influential German philosophers.
0251070|Heidegger, Martin (1889-1976), was a German philosopher.
0251080|Heidelberg, (pop. 136,796), is a city in southern Germany.
0251100|Heidelberg, University of, is the oldest university in Germany.
0251135|Heidelberg jaw is a fossil from a type of prehistoric human being that lived in Europe sometime between about 500,000 and 400,000 years ago.
0251180|Heifetz, Jascha, (1901-1987), was a Lithuanian-born violinist.
0251280|Heine, Heinrich, (1797-1856), ranks among the most popular writers in German literature.
0251310|Heinlein, Robert A. (1907-1988), was a popular and influential American author of science fiction.
0251360|Heir. Technically, an heir is a person who receives money or property left by someone who died intestate (without making a will).
0251380|Heisenberg, Werner, (1901-1976), a German physicist, is best known for his contributions to atomic theory.
0251390|Heisman Memorial Trophy is awarded annually to the outstanding college football player in the United States.
0251460|Hekla is a famous volcanic mountain in southwestern Iceland.
0251500|Held, John, Jr. (1889-1958), was an American cartoonist.
0251520|Helen of Troy, in Greek mythology, was the most beautiful woman in the world.
0251540|Helena, (pop. 24,569), is the capital of Montana.
0251580|Helgoland is an island in the North Sea.
0251640|Helicopter is an aircraft that is lifted into the air and kept aloft by one or two powerful whirling rotors.
0251660|Heliograph was an instrument used to send signals by reflecting sunlight with a mirror or mirrors.
0251720|Helios was the sun and god of the sun in Greek mythology.
0251740|Heliotrope is the name of a large group of plants with fragrant flowers.
0251760|Helium is a lightweight gas and chemical element.
0251780|Hell, according to many religions, is a place or state inhabited by demons, in which wicked people are punished after death.
0251820|Hell Gate is a channel in New York City's East River.
0251880|Hellebore is the common name of a genus of plants in the crowfoot family.
0251920|Hellenistic Age was a period in ancient history when Greek culture dominated much of what was then the civilized world.
0251925|Heller, Joseph (1923- ), is an American novelist who established his reputation with the comic novel Catch-22 (1961).
0251935|Heller, Walter Wolfgang (1915-1987), was an American economist who served as chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers from 1961 to 1964 under Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson.
0251940|Hellespont is the former name of the strait between the Sea of Marmara and the Aegean Sea.
0251960|Hellgrammite is the wormlike larva (immature stage) of the four-winged insect known as the dobsonfly.
0251980|Hellman, Lillian (1905-1984), was an American playwright.
0252040|Helmet is a covering of metal or other sturdy material designed to protect the head.
0252060|Helmholtz, Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von, (1821-1894), a German physicist, helped establish the law of the conservation of energy (see ENERGY [The conservation of energy]).
0252120|Helms, Jesse Alexander (1921- ), has been a United States senator from North Carolina since 1973.
0252180|Helsinki, (pop. 508,588; met. area pop. 888,871), is the capital and largest city of Finland.
0252190|Helsinki Accords, consist of several international agreements reached by the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) during the 1970's and 1980's.
0252220|Helvetians were members of a tribe that lived in what is now northwestern Switzerland.
0252260|Hematite is a mineral that supplies most of the world's iron.
0252320|Hemingway, Ernest (1899-1961), was one of the most famous and influential American writers of the 1900's.
0252360|Hemisphere is the name given to any half of the globe.
0252380|Hemlock, also called poison hemlock, is a poisonous herb.
0252400|Hemlock is the common name of stately evergreen trees belonging to the pine family.
0252420|Hemoglobin is the pigment that transports oxygen in the blood.
0252440|Hemolysis is the breakdown of red blood cells.
0252460|Hemon, Louis, (1880-1913), was a French author best known for his novel Maria Chapdelaine.
0252480|Hemophilia is a hereditary disease in which the blood does not clot normally.
0252500|Hemorrhage is bleeding, either within the body tissues or from the body surface.
0252540|Hemorrhoids are enlargements of the veins of the rectum.
0252560|Hemp is a plant sometimes grown for its strong fiber.
0252620|Henbane is a poisonous herb that is especially fatal to fowls.
0252660|Henday, Anthony (?- ? ), an English fur trader and explorer in Canada, was the first white man to visit the Blackfoot Indians and to report on their customs and habits.
0252710|Henderson, Fletcher (1897-1952), was a bandleader, pianist, and arranger.
0252750|Henderson, Rickey (1958- ), has stolen more bases than any other player in major league baseball history.
0252780|Hendricks, Thomas Andrews (1819-1885), was Vice President of the United States in 1885 under President Grover Cleveland.
0252790|Hendrix, Jimi (1942-1970), was a famous American rock music guitarist.
0252820|Henequen is a yellow fiber made from the leaves of the henequen plant.
0252880|Henna is an orange-red dye that varies in color with the article on which it is used.
0252900|Hennepin, Louis, (1626?-1705?), was a Belgian missionary and explorer who became famous for his journey to the Mississippi River Valley in North America.
0252940|Henri, Robert (1865-1929), was an American painter and art teacher.
0252980|Henry is the unit used to measure inductance, the reaction of an electric current against the magnetic field that surrounds it.
0252990|Henry I (1068-1135), a king of England, was the youngest son of William the Conqueror.
0252993|Henry II (1133-1189) was the first king of England to come from the Plantagenet family.
0252995|Henry II (1519-1559) was a king of France.
0253012|Henry III (1551-1589) was the last Valois king of France.
0253015|Henry III (1017-1056) was king of Germany and emperor of what later became known as the Holy Roman Empire.
0253017|Henry IV (1366-1413) was the first king of England of the House of Lancaster.
0253019|Henry IV (1553-1610) was the first king of France of the Bourbon dynasty.
0253025|Henry IV (1050-1106) became king of Germany in 1056 and Holy Roman emperor in 1084.
0253027|Henry V (1387-1422) of England became king in 1413.
0253030|Henry VI (1421-1471) was the last English king of the House of Lancaster.
0253035|Henry VI (1165-1197), succeeded his father, Frederick I (also called Barbarossa), as king of Germany in 1190.
0253037|Henry VII (1457-1509) was the first king of England of the House of Tudor.
0253039|Henry VIII (1491-1547), a king of England, greatly influenced English history by separating the Church of England from the Roman Catholic Church.
0253055|Henry, Alexander (1739-1824), won fame as a fur trader in Canada after Britain gained control of the area from France in the 1760's.
0253060|Henry, John, an African-American laborer, is a hero in American folklore.
0253080|Henry, Joseph (1797-1878), an American physicist, became famous for his discoveries in electromagnetism.
0253120|Henry, O. (1862-1910), was the pen name of an American story writer, William Sydney Porter.
0253140|Henry, Patrick (1736-1799), was a distinguished statesman, lawyer, and orator at the time of the Revolutionary War in America.
0253200|Henry the Navigator (1394-1460) was a Portuguese prince who promoted explorations of the west African coast during the 1400's.
0253210|Henson, Jim (1936-1990), an American puppeteer, created the Muppets, a combination of marionettes and foam-rubber hand puppets.
0253220|Henson, Matthew Alexander (1867-1955), was the only American who accompanied Robert E. Peary on the last leg of the explorer's journey to the North Pole in 1909.
0253230|Henze, Hans Werner, (1926- ), is a German composer.
0253260|Hepatica is the name of a group of sturdy but dainty woodland plants of the Northern Hemisphere.
0253280|Hepatitis is a disease characterized by inflammation of and injury to the liver.
0253290|Hepburn, Katharine (1907- ), is an American actress.
0253300|Hephaestus was the blacksmith of the gods in Greek mythology.
0253340|Hepplewhite, George ( ? -1786), was an English furniture maker and designer.
0253420|Heptarchy was the name given to the seven most important English kingdoms established after the Anglo-Saxon conquest of Roman Britain, which occurred between about A.D. 450 and 600.
0253430|Heptathlon is a two-day women's track and field contest that consists of seven events.
0253435|Hepworth, Barbara (1903-1975), was a leading English sculptor.
0253440|Hera was a goddess of life in Greek mythology.
0253480|Heraclitus was an early Greek philosopher active about 500 B.C.
0253500|Herald. In ancient times, direct communication between a ruler and the people was often impossible.
0253520|Heraldry is the study of a system of symbols used to represent individuals, families, countries, and such institutions as churches and universities.
0253560|Herb is a low-growing plant that has a fleshy or juicy stem when it is young.
0253600|Herbarium is an organized collection of dried plants.
0253620|Herbart, Johann Friedrich, (1776-1841), was a German philosopher and educator who greatly influenced educational theory of the late 1800's.
0253625|Herbert, Frank (1920-1986), was an American author of science fiction.
0253630|Herbert, George (1593-1633), was a leading English poet of the 1600's.
0253660|Herbert, Victor (1859-1924), an American composer and conductor, is often called "the prince of operetta.
0253680|Herbicide is a chemical compound used to control or destroy unwanted plants.
0253700|Herbivore is any animal that eats chiefly plants.
0253780|Herculaneum was an ancient Roman city in Italy.
0253800|Hercules was one of the greatest heroes of Greek mythology.
0253820|Hercules is a constellation of the Northern Hemisphere between Corona Borealis and Lyra.
0253860|Hercules beetle is the name of several large, strong beetles that live in North America.
0253900|Herder, Johann Gottfried von (1744-1803), was one of the most original and versatile German writers, critics, and philosophers of the 1700's.
0253940|Heredity is the passing on of biological characteristics from one generation to the next.
0254000|Heresy is a doctrine that conflicts with the accepted teachings of a religion or other authority.
0254060|Herman, Woody (1913-1987), was an American bandleader and musician.
0254080|Hermaphrodite is an animal with both male and female organs of reproduction.
0254100|Hermes was a god of fertility in Greek mythology.
0254160|Hermit is a person who lives a solitary life, apart from social contact with others.
0254180|Hermit crab is an animal best known for its habit of occupying the empty shell of a snail.
0254280|Herndon, William Henry (1818-1891), an American lawyer, was the law partner of Abraham Lincoln.
0254300|Herne, James A. (1839-1901), was an American playwright, actor, and theater manager.
0254320|Hernia, also called rupture, results from a break in cavity walls within the body.
0254360|Hero and Leander were legendary Greek lovers.
0254380|Herod was the name of a ruling family in Palestine during the 100's B.C. and the first 100 years after Christ's birth, while Palestine was part of the Roman Empire.
0254420|Herodotus (484?-425? B.C.), was the first Greek historian.
0254480|Heroin is a drug made from morphine, an active chemical in opium.
0254500|Heron is any of about 60 species of wading birds, including egrets and bitterns.
0254565|Herpes, Genital, is the name of a widespread sexually transmitted disease.
0254570|Herpesvirus is the name of a group of viruses that cause a wide variety of diseases.
0254580|Herpetology is the branch of zoology concerned with the study of reptiles and amphibians.
0254600|Herrera, Tomas, (1804-1854), was a soldier and statesman of Panama.
0254640|Herrick, Robert (1591-1674), was one of England's finest lyric poets.
0254660|Herring is one of the most important food fish in the world.
0254670|Herriot, James (1916-1995), was the pen name of James Alfred Wight, a British veterinarian and author.
0254702|Herschel, Caroline Lucretia (1750-1848), was the first noted woman astronomer.
0254703|Herschel, Sir John Frederick William (1792-1871), was a noted British astronomer.
0254710|Herschel, Sir William (1738-1822), was a British astronomer who founded stellar astronomy, the study of the region beyond the solar system.
0254720|Hersey, John (1914-1993), an American novelist and journalist, became famous for his works about World War II.
0254740|Hershey, Milton Snavely (1857-1945), was an American manufacturer and philanthropist who founded one of the world's largest confectionery companies, the Hershey Chocolate Company.
0254800|Hertz is the unit used to measure the frequency (rate of occurrence) of periodic waves and vibrations.
0254820|Hertz, Gustav, (1887-1975), a German physicist, shared the 1925 Nobel Prize for physics for proving the validity of Niels Bohr's theory of the atom (see BOHR, NIELS ).
0254840|Hertz, Heinrich Rudolph, (1857-1894), was a German physicist.
0254843|Hertzog, James Barry Munnik (1866-1942), served as South Africa's prime minister from 1924 to 1939.
0254857|Herzberg, Gerhard (1904- ), a Canadian physicist, won the 1971 Nobel Prize in chemistry for determining the electronic structure of molecules.
0254870|Herzen, Alexander Ivanovich (1812-1870), was a Russian journalist and one of the best-known revolutionaries of his day.
0254880|Herzl, Theodor, (1860-1904), was an Austrian journalist and playwright and the chief leader of the Zionist movement.
0254910|Hesburgh, Theodore Martin (1917- ), a Roman Catholic priest, served as president of the University of Notre Dame from 1952 until he retired in 1987.
0254915|Heseltine Michael Ray Dibdin (1933- ), became deputy prime minister of the United Kingdom in 1995.
0254920|Hesiod was a Greek epic poet who probably lived during the 700's B.C.
0254960|Hesperides, in Greek mythology, were the daughters of Hesperis (Evening) and Atlas, a member of a race of gods called Titans.
0254980|Hesperornis is the name given to numerous species of diving birds that lived primarily in North America about 70 to 90 million years ago, during the late Cretaceous Period.
0255020|Hess, Dame Myra (1890-1965), was an English pianist.
0255040|Hess, Rudolf (1894-1987), served as deputy leader of the Nazi Party in Germany during the 1930's.
0255080|Hesse, Hermann (1877-1962), a German novelist and poet, won the 1946 Nobel Prize for literature.
0255120|Hessian fly is a tiny, two-winged insect.
0255130|Hessians were German soldiers hired by the British to fight the colonists during the Revolutionary War in America (1775-1783).
0255150|Hestia was the Greek goddess of the hearth.
0255180|Heteronym is a word having the same spelling as another word or words but different pronunciation and meaning.
0255260|Hewes, Joseph (1730-1779), was a North Carolina signer of the Declaration of Independence.
0255320|Hexagon is a plane figure that has six sides.
0255360|Hexahedron, in geometry, is a solid figure that has six faces.
0255400|Hexapod is an arthropod with six legs.
0255460|Heydrich, Reinhard, (1904-1942), was one of the most feared men in Nazi Germany.
0255470|Heyer, Georgette (1902-1974), was an English novelist who gained fame for her mystery stories and her historical fiction.
0255480|Heyerdahl, Thor, (1914- ), is a Norwegian ethnologist and author.
0255520|Heyward, Du Bose, (1885-1940), an American author, wrote poems and novels about the area around Charleston, South Carolina, his birthplace.
0255540|Heyward, Thomas, Jr. (1746-1809), an American patriot, statesman, soldier, and judge, was a South Carolina signer of the Declaration of Independence.
0255550|Heywood, Thomas (1574?-1641), was a popular and productive English playwright of the Elizabethan Age.
0255580|Hezekiah was the king of Judah from about 727 to 698 B.C.
0255610|HI-Y club is the general name for special teen-age and youth clubs sponsored by the Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA).
0255680|Hibbing, Minnesota (pop. 18,046) is often called the Iron Ore Capital of the World.
0255700|Hibernation is an inactive, sleeplike state that some animals enter during the winter.
0255720|Hibernia is an old name for Ireland.
0255760|Hibiscus is the name of a group of plants that belong to the mallow family.
0255780|Hiccup, also called hiccough, is an abrupt, involuntary intake of air caused by a spasm of the diaphragm.
0255820|Hickam Air Force Base, Hawaii, is the headquarters of the Pacific Air Forces, which includes U.S. Air Force units in Japan and Korea.
0255840|Hickey, James Aloysius Cardinal (1920- ), was appointed a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church by Pope John Paul II in 1988.
0255860|Hickok, Wild Bill (1837-1876), was an American frontier army scout, peace officer, stagecoach driver, and gambler.
0255880|Hickory is the name of a group of medium-sized to large broadleaf trees.
0255920|Hicks, Edward (1780-1849), was an untrained American folk painter whose works reflect his Quaker religious beliefs.
0255980|Hidalgo y Costilla, Miguel, (1753-1811), a Mexican priest, is called "The Father of Mexican Independence.
0256030|Hideyoshi, (1536-1598), was a Japanese military and political leader.
0256100|Hieroglyphics is a form of writing in which picture symbols represent ideas and sounds.
0256120|Higgins, Andrew Jackson (1886-1952), an American shipbuilder, designed and built landing craft to take troops and tanks ashore for amphibious assaults during World War II (1939-1945).
0256160|High Desert is located in central Oregon between the Blue Mountains and the Basin and Range Region.
0256260|High jump is a track and field event in which an athlete tries to jump over a bar supported by two posts 13 feet 1 1/2 inches (4 meters) apart.
0256360|High priest was the head of the Jewish priesthood in later Biblical times.
0256380|High school is a school that provides several years of education for young people beyond the elementary level.
0256400|High seas are the areas of the oceans that lie outside the authority of any nation.
0256615|Higuchi Ichiyo, (1872-1896), was the first modern woman writer in Japanese literature.
0256630|Hijacking is the seizure of a commercial vehicle by force or the threat of force.
0256660|Hiking is a healthful form of exercise and recreation.
0256720|Hill is an elevation of the earth's surface that has a distinct summit.
0256730|Hill, Graham (1929-1975), became a leading automobile racing driver.
0256740|Hill, James Jerome (1838-1916), was a famous businessman.
0256750|Hill, Joe (1879-1915), was a Swedish-born songwriter who popularized the goals of the American labor movement through his music.
0256760|Hill, Octavia, (1838-1912), a British housing reformer, was equally interested in painting and social work when young.
0256800|Hillary, Sir Edmund Percival (1919- ), a New Zealand mountain climber, became one of the first two men to reach the top of Mount Everest and return.
0256820|Hillel I, (70 B.C.?-A.D. 10?), was the most prominent spiritual leader among the Jews of Palestine from 30 B.C. until his death.
0256830|Hillerman, Tony (1925- ), is an American author whose works display a deep knowledge of Native American culture and tradition.
0256860|Hillman, Sidney (1887-1946), an American labor leader, was the guiding spirit of the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America.
0256870|Hills, Carla Anderson (1934- ), served as United States secretary of housing and urban development from 1975 to 1977.
0256900|Hillyer, Robert Silliman, (1895-1961), an American poet, won the 1934 Pulitzer Prize for poetry for his Collected Verse (1933).
0256940|Hilo, (pop. 37,808), is the largest city and chief port on the island of Hawaii.
0256960|Hilton, Conrad Nicholson (1887-1979), an American businessman, was sometimes called the "biggest hotel man in the world.
0257000|Hilton, James (1900-1954), an English novelist, sprang to fame with Good-bye, Mr. Chips (1934).
0257040|Himalaya, also called Himalayas, is the highest mountain system in the world.
0257060|Himes, Chester (1909-1984), was an African-American writer best known for his detective fiction.
0257080|Himmler, Heinrich (1900-1945), was one of the most powerful leaders of Nazi Germany.
0257110|Hincks, Sir Francis (1807-1885), was joint premier of the Province of Canada from 1851 to 1854.
0257140|Hindemith, Paul (1895-1963), was a German-American composer and music theorist.
0257180|Hindenburg, Paul von (1847-1934), was a German soldier and statesman.
0257220|Hindi is one of the official languages of India.
0257280|Hindu Kush is a chain of mountains in Central Asia.
0257300|Hinduism, the major religion of India, is one of the oldest living religions in the world.
0257360|Hines, Earl (1903-1983), also called "Fatha" Hines, was an outstanding American jazz pianist and bandleader.
0257420|Hinton, S. E. (1948- ), is an American writer of novels for young adults.
0257440|Hip is the region of the body between the trunk and the thigh.
0257460|Hipparchus, (?-514 B.C.), was a son of Pisistratus, a ruler of Athens in the 500's B.C.
0257480|Hipparchus, (180 B.C.?-125 B.C.?), an ancient Greek astronomer, is credited with discovering the precession (movement) of the equinoxes.
0257510|Hippies were members of a youth movement of the 1960's and 1970's that started in the United States and spread to Canada, Great Britain, and many other countries.
0257540|Hippocrates, (460?-380? B.C.), was a well-known ancient physician who practiced medicine on the Greek island of Cos.
0257580|Hippodrome is a place for horse and chariot races.
0257660|Hippopotamus is the third largest animal that lives on land.
0257720|Hirohito, (1901-1989), was emperor of Japan from 1926 until his death in 1989.
0257740|Hiroshige, (1797-1858), was a master painter and designer of Japanese color prints.
0257760|Hiroshima, (pop. 1,044,129), is the Japanese city on which the first atomic bomb used in warfare was dropped.
0257765|Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, in Washington, D.C., houses one of the world's major collections of modern and contemporary art.
0257790|Hispanic Americans are Americans of Spanish-speaking descent.
0257800|Hispaniola is the second largest island in the West Indies.
0257820|Hiss, Alger (1904- ), became the center of a national controversy over Communist infiltration in the United States government during the Administration of President Harry S. Truman in the 1940's and 1950's.
0257860|Histology is the biological science that studies the structure of the tissues of organisms.
0257870|Histoplasmosis is a disease that attacks the lungs, mouth, throat, ears, bone marrow, spleen, liver, and lymphatic system.
0257920|Historical Association, American, is an organization of about 15,000 historians, educators, and others interested in history.
0257940|History is the study of the human past.
0257950|Hitchcock, Alfred (1899-1980), was an English motion-picture director and producer.
0258000|Hitler, Adolf (1889-1945), ruled Germany as dictator from 1933 to 1945.
0258020|Hittites were the earliest known inhabitants of what is now Turkey.
0258060|Hives are a form of skin rash that comes suddenly and disappears without leaving a trace.
0258105|Hmong, also called Meo or Miao, are a mountain people from southern China and northern areas of Burma, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam.
0258110|Hnatyshyn, Ramon John (1934- ), was governor general of Canada from 1990 to 1995.
0258120|Ho Chi Minh, (1890-1969), a Vietnamese revolutionary leader, served as president of North Vietnam from 1954 until his death.
0258140|Ho Chi Minh City, (pop. 3,934,395), formerly called Saigon, is the largest city in Vietnam.
0258220|Hoatzin is an unusual-looking bird that lives in marshy areas near waterways in the northern part of South America.
0258260|Hobart, (pop. 181,838), is the capital of the Australian island-state of Tasmania.
0258280|Hobart, Garret Augustus (1844-1899), served as Vice President of the United States under President William McKinley from 1897 to 1899.
0258340|Hobbes, Thomas (1588-1679), was an English philosopher.
0258380|Hobby can be any type of activity that people do during their leisure time.
0258400|Hobby, Oveta Culp (1905-1995), became the first United States secretary of health, education, and welfare.
0258480|Hobson, Laura Zametkin (1900-1986), was an American novelist who wrote about controversial subjects.
0258510|Hochhuth, Rolf (1931- ), is a German playwright.
0258540|Hockey, also called ice hockey, is a fast, exciting sport played by two teams on a sheet of ice called a rink.
0258560|Hockney, David (1937- ), has become the most internationally famous British artist of his time.
0258610|Hodgkin, Dorothy Crowfoot (1910-1994), a British biochemist and crystallographer, won the 1964 Nobel Prize for determining the highly complex structure of the vitamin B-12 molecule.
0258620|Hodgkin's disease is a type of cancer in which the lymph nodes become enlarged (see LYMPHATIC SYSTEM ).
0258660|Hoffa, James Riddle (1913-1975?), an American labor leader, was international president of the Teamsters Union from 1958 to 1971.
0258670|Hoffer, Eric (1902-1983), was a former longshoreman who became widely known as a political and social philosopher.
0258680|Hoffman, Dustin (1937- ), is an American actor best known for his offbeat character roles in unusual and demanding motion pictures.
0258700|Hoffmann, Ernst Theodor Amadeus, (1776-1822), was a German writer.
0258710|Hofmann, Hans (1880-1966), became famous for his abstract painting.
0258740|Hofmannsthal, Hugo von (1874-1929), an Austrian poet and playwright, is best known for librettos (texts) for the operas of German composer Richard Strauss.
0258820|Hog. About a fourth of the meat eaten in the United States comes from hogs.
0258860|Hogan is a house of the Navajo Indians of the American Southwest.
0258880|Hogan, Ben (1912- ), an American golfer, was one of the greatest players in the history of the sport.
0258900|Hogarth, William (1697-1764), was the leading English satirical painter of the 1700's.
0258930|Hogg, Helen Sawyer (1905- ), an American-born astronomer, became known for her research on variable stars.
0258950|Hogrogian, Nonny (1932- ), is an illustrator and designer of children's books.
0259000|Hohenstaufen was the name of a princely family of medieval Germany which held the imperial throne from 1138 to 1254.
0259020|Hohenzollern is the name of the famous royal family that ruled Brandenburg, Prussia, and the German Empire.
0259050|Hohokam Pima National Monument is in south-central Arizona.
0259120|Hokusai, (1760-1849), was a Japanese painter and designer of wood-block prints.
0259141|Holbein, Hans, the Elder (1465?-1534?), was a painter who worked in southern Germany and the region of Alsace in what is now France.
0259142|Holbein, Hans, the Younger (1497?-1543), ranks among the world's greatest portrait painters.
0259160|Holberg, Ludvig, (1684-1754), was Scandinavia's first important playwright.
0259200|Holding company is any company which holds a majority or a large enough minority of the stock in another corporation to control its policies.
0259220|Holiday is any day on which people lay aside their ordinary duties and cares.
0259230|Holiday, Billie (1915-1959), won recognition as the most moving jazz singer of her day.
0259240|Holinshed's Chronicles is a book of English, Scottish, and Irish history and geography that was first published in 1578.
0259245|Holistic medicine, also spelled wholistic medicine, is an approach to health care based on the observation that many factors affect a person's health.
0259300|Holland (pop. 30,745) is a city in Michigan that was named for the homeland of its Dutch settlers.
0259340|Holland, John Philip (1841-1914), an Irish-American inventor, was mainly responsible for the development of the submarine.
0259460|Holly is the common name for a group of shrubs and small trees.
0259470|Holly, Buddy (1936-1959), was an American singer, composer, and electric guitarist.
0259480|Hollyhock is a tall, hardy plant grown for its large spires of colorful flowers.
0259500|Hollywood, Calif., is generally considered the motion-picture capital of the world.
0259540|Holm, Hanya (1893-1992), was a dancer, choreographer (creator of dances), and dance teacher.
0259600|Holmes, Oliver Wendell (1809-1894), was an American writer who won fame for his essays and poems.
0259620|Holmes, Oliver Wendell, Jr. (1841-1935), was one of the best-known American judges of the 1900's.
0259660|Holmes, Sherlock, is the most famous detective in fiction.
0259680|Holmium, (chemical symbol, Ho), is one of the rare-earth metals.
0259685|Holocaust was the mass murder of European Jews by the Nazis during World War II.
0259695|Holocaust Memorial Museum, United States, is devoted to remembering the Holocaust--the mass murder of Jews and other minorities by the Nazis from 1933 to 1945.
0259710|Holography is a method for storing and displaying a three-dimensional image, usually on a photographic plate or another light-sensitive material.
0259760|Holst, Gustav (1874-1934), was an English composer and teacher.
0259840|Holy Alliance was an agreement signed in Paris in September 1815, after the fall of Napoleon.
0260000|Holy Grail, in its earliest form in medieval legend, was a mysterious food-producing vessel.
0260160|Holy Roman Empire was a German-based empire in western and central Europe that began in A.D. 962 and lasted until 1806.
0260300|Holy Week is the period between Palm Sunday and Easter when Christians remember the final events in the life of Jesus.
0260400|Homage, during the Middle Ages, was a feudal ceremony by which one man became the vassal or follower of a lord.
0260460|Home, Lord (1903- ), was prime minister of Great Britain from October 1963 to October 1964.
0260520|Home economics is a field of study that prepares people to provide a wide range of goods and services to individuals and families.
0260560|Home rule is the management of the affairs of a country, county, or city by its own residents.
0260563|Home schooling is a form of education in which most of a child's instruction is conducted in the home.
0260570|Homelessness is the condition of someone who has no permanent address.
0260620|Homeopathy is a system of medical practice based on the attempt to "let like cure like.
0260630|Homeostasis is a term that refers to the ability of a living organism to maintain a stable set of conditions inside its body.
0260640|Homer is traditionally considered the ancient Greek poet who composed the great epics the Iliad and the Odyssey.
0260680|Homer, Winslow (1836-1910), was an American artist.
0260740|Homestead Act was passed by Congress in May 1862.
0260780|Homestead Strike of 1892 showed the power of American big business and was a major defeat for the union movement.
0260800|Homicide is the killing of one person by another.
0260820|Homing pigeon is a special type of pigeon developed for racing and carrying messages.
0260840|Hominy is a food made from hulled corn.
0260850|Homo erectus is regarded by most anthropologists as a species of human being that lived from about 1,800,000 to 300,000 years ago.
0260855|Homo habilis is considered by many anthropologists to be the oldest type of human being.
0260880|Homogenization is the breaking up of particles in an emulsion so that they are small enough not to separate.
0260920|Homologous structures are structures that have an essential similarity and develop in the same general way.
0260980|Homonym is a word having the same spelling and pronunciation as another word or words, but a different meaning.
0261030|Homosexuality is sexual activity between individuals of the same sex.
0261060|Honduras is a small Central American country that is known for the production of bananas.
0261080|Honecker, Erich, (1912-1994), was the leader of East Germany from 1971 until 1989.
0261100|Honegger, Arthur (1892-1955), was a Swiss-French composer.
0261160|Honey is a sweet, thick fluid made by bees from flower nectar, a sugar-filled, watery liquid.
0261220|Honey locust is a medium-sized tree with spreading branches and handsome, finely divided leaves.
0261310|Honeyeater is the name of a family of about 170 species of land birds.
0261320|Honeysuckle is any one of a family of ornamental shrubs and vines.
0261340|Hong Kong (pop. 5,729,000) is a British dependency on the southern coast of China.
0261350|Honiara, (pop. 30,499), is the capital and largest community of the Solomon Islands, an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean.
0261380|Honolulu is the capital, largest city, and chief port of Hawaii.
0261421|Honorius I, (?-638), was elected pope in 625.
0261422|Honorius III, (?-1227), was elected pope in 1216.
0261520|Hood, John Bell (1831-1879), was a Confederate general who gained fame as a brigade and division commander in General Robert E. Lee's army.
0261640|Hoof is a hard growth on the feet of mammals called ungulates.
0261680|Hooghly River, in Bengal, India, is one of the channels through which the Ganges River flows into the Bay of Bengal.
0261740|Hooke, Robert (1635-1703), an English experimental scientist, stated the currently accepted theory of elasticity in Hooke's law.
0261780|Hooker, Joseph (1814-1879), was a Union general during the Civil War (1861-1865).
0261820|Hooker, Thomas (1586-1647), was a Congregational preacher and a founder of Connecticut.
0261850|Hooks, Benjamin Lawson (1925- ), served as executive director of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) from 1977 to 1993.
0261860|Hookworm is a small roundworm that enters the bodies of human beings and some animals through the skin.
0261880|Hooper, William (1742-1790), was a North Carolina signer of the Declaration of Independence.
0261900|Hoopoe is a rose-buff colored bird with a showy crest of feathers on its head and black and white bars on its wings and tail.
0261940|Hoosac tunnel is a 25,081-foot (7,645-meter) tunnel through the Berkshire Hills in western Massachusetts.
0262000|Hooton, Earnest Albert (1887-1954), was an American physical anthropologist.
0262020|Hoover, Herbert Clark (1874-1964), was President when the United States was swept by the Great Depression.
0262060|Hoover, J. Edgar (1895-1972), served as director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) for 48 years.
0262080|Hoover Commission was the popular name of two commissions that recommended ways to improve the administration of the United States government.
0262100|Hoover Dam is one of the highest concrete dams in the world.
0262120|Hop is the name of several species of vines.
0262160|Hope, Bob (1903- ), is a popular American comedian and actor.
0262165|Hope, John (1868-1936), was a black American educator.
0262170|HOPE, Project, is a program that teaches modern medical techniques to physicians, dentists, nurses, and other health professionals in developing nations.
0262240|Hopi Indians are one of the Pueblo Indian tribes.
0262300|Hopkins, Gerard Manley (1844-1889), ranks as a major poet of Victorian England, though his work remained almost unknown until 1918, when it was first published.
0262340|Hopkins, Johns (1795-1873), was an American merchant, financier, and philanthropist.
0262380|Hopkins, Stephen (1707-1785), an American statesman, was a Rhode Island signer of the Declaration of Independence in 1776.
0262400|Hopkinson, Francis (1737-1791), a New Jersey signer of the Declaration of Independence, was an American statesman, artist, writer, lawyer, and judge.
0262500|Hopper, Edward (1882-1967), was an American painter whose pictures of New York City and life in small New England towns are among the finest realistic works of his time.
0262515|Hopper, Grace Murray (1906-1992), was an American computer scientist.
0262540|Horace (65-8 B.C.) was one of the greatest poets of ancient Rome.
0262560|Horatius, was a legendary Roman hero.
0262600|Horehound is the name given to several plants in the mint family.
0262620|Horizon is the distant, curved line where the earth and sky seem to meet.
0262680|Hormone is any of a number of chemical substances produced within an animal or a plant.
0262700|Horn is a pointed, bony structure on the heads of many mammals.
0262720|Horn is the general name for musical instruments of the brass family.
0262820|Hornbill is the name of over 40 species of medium-sized to large birds with huge, often colorful, bills.
0262840|Hornblende is any of a group of fairly hard rock-forming minerals.
0262860|Hornbook. Paper was scarce and expensive during the Middle Ages and until the early 1800's.
0262880|Horne, Lena (1917- ), is an American singer and actress.
0262890|Horne, Marilyn (1934- ), is an American opera star known for her wide vocal range and technical agility.
0262900|Horned lizard is the name of 14 species of North American lizards.
0262920|Hornet is the name of any one of several large social wasps.
0262930|Horney, Karen (1885-1952), was a German-born physician and psychoanalyst.
0262960|Hornsby, Rogers (1896-1963), an American baseball player, is often called the greatest right-handed hitter of all time.
0262970|Hornwort is the name of a group of small, nonflowering plants related to mosses and liverworts.
0263000|Horoscope is a chart that supposedly reveals a person's character or future.
0263020|Horowitz, Vladimir, (1904-1989), a Russian-born pianist, was one of the world's greatest musicians.
0263040|Horse has been one of the most useful animals for thousands of years.
0263150|Horse fly is a name for certain types of stout-bodied flies that live near water in pastures, fields, and forests.
0263160|Horse latitudes are regions noted for their lack of winds.
0263220|Horse racing is a popular sport based on the speed of horses and the skill of jockeys.
0263290|Horsechestnut is the name of a group of trees and shrubs native to North America, Europe, and Asia.
0263370|Horsehair worm is a long, thin worm that looks like a coiled hair from the mane or tail of a horse.
0263440|Horsepower is a unit for measuring the power of an engine or motor in the customary system of measurement used in the United States.
0263450|Horseradish is an herb whose root is used to make a sharp-food relish.
0263480|Horseshoe crab is a large marine animal with a shell shaped something like a horse's hoof.
0263540|Horseshoe pitching is a game played by throwing horseshoes at a stake.
0263560|Horsetail is a plant with a hollow, jointed, and usually grooved stem.
0263640|Horticulture is a branch of agriculture that specializes in fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamental shrubs and trees.
0263660|Horus is the name for both the son of the Egyptian goddess Isis and of a number of ancient Egyptian sky gods.
0263680|Hosea, Book of, is a book of the Hebrew Bible, or Old Testament, named for an Israelite prophet.
0263720|Hospice is a family-centered concept of health care for people dying of an incurable illness.
0263740|Hospital is an institution that provides medical services for a community.
0263820|Hostage is a person held prisoner to force fulfillment of a demand.
0263860|Hot line is a two-way telegraph-teleprinter system that links Washington, D.C., and Moscow.
0263900|Hot rod is usually an older automobile with an improved engine or body design.
0263940|Hot Springs, Ark. (pop. 32,462), is the only city in the United States that has almost all of a national park within its city limits.
0263950|Hot springs are springs that discharge water heated by natural processes within the earth.
0263960|Hot Springs National Park is a health and pleasure resort in the Ouachita Mountains of Arkansas.
0263980|Hotbed is a low, heated enclosure in which plants are grown during cold weather.
0264020|Hotchkiss gun is a type of automatic machine gun.
0264040|Hotel is an establishment that provides overnight lodging for the public.
0264085|Hotel Employees and Restaurant Employees International Union represents men and women employed in the public feeding and lodging industry.
0264180|Houdini, Harry (1874-1926), was an American magician who won world fame as an escape artist.
0264200|Houdon, Jean Antoine, (1741-1828), was probably the greatest French sculptor of the 1700's.
0264280|Hound is the name of a group of dogs.
0264290|Houphouet-Boigny, Felix, (1905-1993), served as president of Ivory Coast from 1960 until his death in 1993.
0264300|Hour is an interval of time.
0264320|Hourglass is a device that measures time.
0264340|Housatonic River is an important waterway of New England.
0264360|House is a building that provides shelter, comfort, and protection for its inhabitants.
0264380|House, in astrology, is a division of a chart that supposedly reveals a person's character or future.
0264400|House, Edward Mandell (1858-1938), an American statesman, made secret missions to Europe during World War I (1914-1918) as the representative of United States President Woodrow Wilson.
0264440|House of Burgesses was the first representative legislative body in colonial America.
0264460|House of Commons is one of the two houses of Parliament, the lawmaking body of the United Kingdom.
0264500|House of Lords is one of the two houses of Parliament, the lawmaking body of the United Kingdom.
0264520|House of Representatives is one of the two lawmaking bodies of many legislatures.
0264570|House sparrow, also called English sparrow, is a dull-colored bird about 6 inches (15 centimeters) long.
0264600|Houseboat is any kind of floating home.
0264700|Houseleek, also called live-forever, is the name of about 40 species of plants native to the mountains of central and southern Europe, northern Africa, and western Asia.
0264740|Housing includes any kind of building that provides shelter for people.
0264770|Housing and Urban Development, Department of (HUD), is an executive department of the United States government.
0264780|Housman, A. E. (1859-1936), a British poet and scholar, wrote melancholy lyrics about human suffering.
0264820|Houston is a large city in Texas and a leading commercial, cultural, and educational center of the Southwest.
0264830|Houston, Sam (1793-1863), played a leading part in Texas' fight for independence from Mexico.
0264912|Hovhaness, Alan (1911- ), is an American composer.
0264915|Howard, Bronson Crocker (1842-1908), was the first professional playwright who was neither a theater manager nor an actor.
0264960|Howard, John (1726?-1790), a British prison reformer, was apprenticed to a London grocer as a young man and inherited a fortune at the age of 25.
0265000|Howard, Sidney (1891-1939), was a playwright who helped bring social drama to maturity in the United States.
0265060|Howard University, in Washington, D.C., is the largest predominantly black university in the United States.
0265160|Howe, Elias (1819-1867), an American inventor, constructed a practical sewing machine.
0265180|Howe, Gordie (1928- ), was one of the greatest scorers in the history of the National Hockey League (NHL).
0265200|Howe, Joseph (1804-1873), was a political leader and newspaper editor in the Canadian colony of Nova Scotia.
0265205|Howe, Julia Ward (1819-1910), an American writer, lecturer, and reformer, was one of the most famous women of her time.
0265210|Howe, Richard (1726-1799), Earl Howe, was a famous British naval officer who fought in the Revolutionary War in America.
0265215|Howe, Samuel Gridley (1801-1876), was an American social and political reformer.
0265220|Howe, William (1729-1814), Viscount Howe, commanded the British army in America during the early years of the Revolutionary War in America.
0265260|Howells, William Dean (1837-1920), was an American fiction writer, editor, and critic.
0265320|Howler is a type of large monkey noted for the exceptionally loud sound that it makes.
0265360|Hoxha, Enver (1908-1985), established a Communist government in Albania in 1944 and ruled the country until his death.
0265380|Hoyle, Edmond (1672-1769), was an English teacher of whist, a card game like bridge.
0265446|Hu Yaobang, (1915-1989), also spelled Hu Yao-pang, was general secretary of China's Communist Party from 1981 to 1987.
0265452|Huang He, also spelled Huang Ho, is the second longest river in China.
0265600|Hubble, Edwin Powell (1889-1953), was an American astronomer.
0265630|Hubble Space Telescope is a reflecting telescope built as an orbiting observatory.
0265680|Huckleberry is a small, round fruit that grows on a shrub.
0265720|Hudson, Henry (?-1611), was an English explorer and sea captain.
0265760|Hudson, William Henry (1841-1922), was an English author and naturalist.
0265780|Hudson Bay is a vast inland sea in northeast Canada.
0265800|Hudson River is a major United States waterway.
0265810|Hudson River School was the name of the first group of American artists to develop a characteristic style of landscape painting.
0265820|Hudson River tunnels provide links between Manhattan Island and New Jersey.
0265860|Hudson's Bay Company is a business firm that became famous for its role in western Canadian history.
0265890|Hue, (pop. 362,696), is a city in central Vietnam.
0265950|Hufstedler, Shirley Mount (1925- ), served from 1979 to 1981 as the first United States secretary of education.
0265980|Hugh Capet, (940?-996), was king of France from 987 to 996.
0266000|Hughes, Charles Evans (1862-1948), served as chief justice of the United States from 1930 to 1941.
0266040|Hughes, Howard Robard (1905-1976), an American businessman, became known as one of the world's richest people.
0266060|Hughes, Langston (1902-1967), was an African-American author.
0266100|Hughes, Ted (1930- ), is an English poet known for his violent and symbolic nature poems.
0266120|Hughes, Thomas (1822-1896), was an English author.
0266140|Hugo, Victor Marie (1802-1885), a French author, led the romantic movement in French literature.
0266160|Huguenots were a group of Protestants who became the center of political and religious quarrels in France in the 1500's and 1600's.
0266210|Huizinga, Johan, (1872-1945), was a noted Dutch historian.
0266215|Huizong, (reigned A.D. 1101-1126), also spelled Hui-tsung, the last emperor of the Northern Song dynasty of China, was the greatest imperial patron of art.
0266280|Hull (pop. 252,200) has been one of England's leading industrial ports since it was founded by King Edward I in 1299.
0266300|Hull (pop. 60,707) is an industrial city in southern Quebec.
0266310|Hull, Bobby (1939- ), was one of the greatest scorers in the history of professional hockey.
0266315|Hull, Clark Leonard (1884-1952), was an American psychologist known for his research on the learning process and for his mathematical approach to the study of behavior.
0266320|Hull, Cordell (1871-1955), an American statesman, won the 1945 Nobel Peace Prize for his peace efforts while serving as United States secretary of state from 1933 to 1944.
0266340|Hull, Isaac (1773-1843), commanded the United States warship Constitution when it defeated the British frigate Guerriere in the War of 1812.
0266380|Hull, William (1753-1825), was an American army officer who served in the Revolutionary War and the War of 1812.
0266400|Hull House became the most famous settlement house in the United States.
0266420|Human being has the most highly developed brain of any animal.
0266440|Human body. People sometimes call the human body a machine--the most wonderful one ever built.
0266460|Human engineering is a technique that applies scientific knowledge of human behavior to build the various kinds of equipment used by people in their everyday life.
0266500|Human relations is a field of study that deals with group behavior.
0266540|Human Rights, Universal Declaration of, was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on Dec. 10, 1948.
0266580|Humane society is a group dedicated to protecting children and animals from human cruelty.
0266600|Humanism was a cultural movement that flourished in Europe from the 1300's to the 1500's.
0266660|Humber, River, in England, flows eastward through the county of Humberside and empties into the North Sea.
0266720|Humboldt, Baron von (1769-1859), a German scientist, was a founder of modern geography.
0266820|Hume, David (1711-1776), a Scottish philosopher, was one of the most important figures in the history of philosophy.
0266880|Humidifier is a device that increases the amount of moisture in indoor air or a stream of air.
0266900|Humidity is a term that describes the amount of water vapor in the air.
0266920|Hummingbird is a family of birds that contains the smallest bird in the world.
0266980|Humor. No one knows exactly why we laugh or why anything that is funny should cause us to make such a peculiar noise.
0267030|Humpback whale is a baleen whale that lives in all the oceans.
0267040|Humperdinck, Engelbert (1854-1921), was a German composer.
0267080|Humphrey, Hubert Horatio (1911-1978), served as Vice President of the United States under President Lyndon B. Johnson, and was the Democratic presidential nominee in 1968.
0267160|Humus is a dark brown substance found in soil.
0267180|Hun was a member of the wandering and warlike people that invaded the Roman Empire in the A.D. 400's.
0267200|Hunchback is a nonmedical term for the forward bending of the spine.
0267260|Hundred Years' War (1337-1453) extended over the reigns of five English and five French kings who fought for control of France.
0267300|Hungary is a small, landlocked country in central Europe.
0267320|Hunger is an unpleasant, often painful sensation caused by the body's need for food.
0267405|Hunt, H. L. (1889-1974), an American oil producer, became one of the richest people in the world.
0267420|Hunt, Leigh (1784-1859), was an English journalist, essayist, and poet.
0267440|Hunt, Richard Morris (1827-1895), was an American architect.
0267480|Hunting is the attempt to capture or kill wild animals.
0267560|Huntington (pop. 54,844) ranks as the second largest city in West Virginia.
0267620|Huntington, Samuel (1731-1796), was a Connecticut signer of the Declaration of Independence.
0267650|Huntington's disease is a severe hereditary disorder of the nervous system.
0267700|Huntsville, Ala. (pop. 159,789; met. area pop. 293,047), is often called Rocket City, U.S.A.
0267710|Hunza is an area in the northern tip of Pakistan.
0267720|Hurdling is a track and field race in which runners jump over fencelike obstacles called hurdles.
0267860|Hurricane is a powerful, whirling storm that measures 200 to 300 miles (320 to 480 kilometers) in diameter.
0267880|Hurston, Zora Neale (1891-1960), was a black American writer known for her novels and collections of folklore.
0267930|Hus, John (1369?-1415), was a Bohemian religious reformer.
0268000|Hussars were European light cavalrymen armed with carbines, swords, and sometimes pistols.
0268020|Hussein I, (1935- ), became king of Jordan in 1952.
0268030|Hussein, Saddam, (1937- ), has been president of Iraq since 1979.
0268062|Huston, John (1906-1987), was an American motion-picture director.
0268120|Hutchins, Robert Maynard (1899-1977), an American educator, became well known for his unconventional theories about higher education.
0268180|Hutchinson, Anne Marbury (1591-1643), headed a group of Puritans whose religious beliefs were unacceptable to Puritan leaders of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
0268200|Hutchinson, Thomas (1711-1780), was one of the last royal governors of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
0268240|Hutterites, also called Hutterian Brethren, are members of a religious sect who believe in the common ownership of goods.
0268260|Hutton, James (1726-1797), a Scottish philosopher and chemist, was a pioneer in the field of geology.
0268270|Hutu is the name of a group of black African people.
0268284|Huxley, Aldous (1894-1963), an English writer, had one of the most varied literary careers of his time.
0268285|Huxley, Sir Julian Sorell (1887-1975), was a noted British biologist.
0268290|Huxley, Thomas Henry (1825-1895), was a famous British zoologist, lecturer, and writer.
0268300|Huygens, Christiaan (1629-1695), was a Dutch physicist, astronomer, and mathematician.
0268340|Hyacinth is a favorite spring flower of the lily family.
0268370|Hyaline membrane disease, or respiratory distress syndrome, is a lung condition that affects premature babies.
0268400|Hybrid is the offspring of parents of different races, varieties, or species.
0268420|Hyderabad is a large historic region in India.
0268440|Hyderabad, (pop. 3,145,939; met. area pop. 4,280,261), is one of India's largest cities.
0268480|Hyderabad, Nizam of, (1886-1967), Sir Usman Ali, ruled the region of Hyderabad from 1911 to 1948.
0268500|Hydra was a many-headed serpent of Greek mythology.
0268520|Hydra is a tiny, slender animal that lives in ponds and lakes.
0268540|Hydrangea is the name of about 23 species of handsome shrubs.
0268560|Hydrate is a chemical compound made of a definite amount of water and another substance.
0268620|Hydraulic engine, or fluidic engine, is a machine that produces motion by means of pressure from water or some other fluid.
0268700|Hydraulics is the branch of physics that studies the behavior of liquids at rest and in motion.
0268740|Hydrazine is an important chemical compound used in jet and rocket fuels.
0268820|Hydrocarbon, refers to the most important class of organic compounds.
0268840|Hydrochloric acid is a dangerous chemical that has many important industrial uses.
0268940|Hydrofluoric acid is an extremely dangerous inorganic chemical.
0268960|Hydrofoil is a boat whose hull can lift above the surface of the water when traveling at high speeds.
0268980|Hydrogen is a tasteless, odorless, colorless gas and one of the most important chemical elements.
0269080|Hydrogen iodide (chemical formula, HI) is a heavy, colorless gas with a strong odor.
0269100|Hydrogen peroxide is an important industrial chemical that consists of hydrogen and oxygen.
0269120|Hydrogen sulfide is a colorless, extremely poisonous gas.
0269140|Hydrogenation is a chemical process that adds hydrogen to a substance.
0269220|Hydrography is the branch of physical geography that deals with the surface waters of the earth, especially with regard to navigation.
0269230|Hydrology is the study of the movement and distribution of the waters of the earth.
0269240|Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction involving water as one of the reacting substances.
0269280|Hydrometer is an instrument used to determine the density of liquids.
0269360|Hydroplane is a high-speed motorboat that skims over the water almost in the way a flat skipping stone does when thrown.
0269380|Hydroponics is the science of growing plants without soil.
0269400|Hydrosphere. When we think of the earth, we think mostly of areas of land.
0269460|Hydrotherapy is a method of treating muscle, joint, and skin disorders and injuries by using water.
0269500|Hydroxide is a chemical ion.
0269540|Hyena is a mammal that is famous for its weird howl, which resembles a hysterical human laugh.
0269640|Hygrometer is an instrument used to measure the amount of water vapor in the air.
0269660|Hyksos were invaders from Palestine and nearby areas who settled in ancient Egypt in the 1700's B.C.
0269720|Hymn is a song of praise.
0269793|Hyperactivity, also called attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), is a common behavior disorder of children.
0269795|Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is a medical treatment in which a patient breathes 100 per cent oxygen at pressures greater than atmospheric pressure.
0269800|Hyperbola is a curve with two branches formed by a plane that cuts through two right circular cones that are joined at their tips.
0269980|Hypertension is the medical term for the disease commonly called high blood pressure.
0269990|Hyperthermia is a condition that occurs when the body becomes overheated.
0270023|Hyperventilation is abnormally rapid, deep breathing.
0270040|Hypnos was the god of sleep in Greek mythology.
0270060|Hypnotism is the scientific and clinical use of hypnosis.
0270100|Hypochlorous acid is a weak, inorganic acid that forms when chlorine is added to water.
0270120|Hypochondria is a state of mind in which people persistently and morbidly worry about their health, even though they have no disease.
0270160|Hypodermic injection is a method for administering drugs under the skin.
0270170|Hypoglycemia is a condition that occurs when the blood does not contain enough glucose (sugar).
0270220|Hypothalamus is a small area at the base of the brain.
0270250|Hypothermia is a condition in which the temperature of the human body falls abnormally low, generally below 95 degrees F (35 degrees C).
0270280|Hyrax, also called cony or coney, is the name of a family of rabbit-sized animals that resemble guinea pigs.
0270300|Hyssop is a bushy evergreen shrub of the mint family.
0270320|Hysterectomy is the surgical removal of a woman's uterus, the organ in which unborn babies develop.
0270340|Hysteria is a mental illness in which a person has physical complaints when no physical cause can be found.
0270360|I is the ninth letter in our alphabet.
0270370|I Ching, also spelled Yijing, is the earliest and most important book of the ancient Chinese texts called the Five Classics.
0270380|Iacocca, Lee (1924- ), is an American automobile executive.
0270450|Ibadan, (pop. 885,300), is Nigeria's second largest city, after Lagos.
0270500|Iberia is the ancient name of the peninsula occupied today by Spain and Portugal.
0270520|Ibert, Jacques, (1890-1962), was a French composer.
0270540|Iberville, Sieur d' (1661-1706), was a French-Canadian trader, soldier, naval officer, and explorer.
0270560|Ibex is a wild goat found in the Alps of Europe, the Middle East, Africa, and the Himalaya of central Asia.
0270580|Ibis is any of more than 20 species of wading birds found in warm regions throughout the world.
0270590|Ibizan hound is a rare breed of dog from the island of Ibiza, off the eastern coast of Spain.
0270625|Ibn Batuta, (1304-1377?), was a famous Arab traveler and writer.
0270630|Ibn Khaldun, (1332-1406), was an Arab historian.
0270660|Ibn Saud, (1880?-1953), became one of the most important absolute monarchs of his day.
0270700|Ibsen, Henrik (1828-1906), a Norwegian playwright, is recognized as the father of modern drama.
0270710|Ibuprofen is a drug that reduces fever and relieves such common problems as headaches, muscle aches, and menstrual pain.
0270760|Ice is frozen water.
0270780|Ice age is a period in the earth's history when ice sheets cover vast regions of land.
0270840|Ice cream is a popular frozen dairy food.
0271000|Ice skating is the act of gliding over a smooth surface of ice on ice skates--boots with attached metal blades.
0271040|Iceberg. Huge masses of ice may break off the lower end of a glacier and fall into the sea.
0271060|Iceboating, also called ice yachting, is a popular winter sport in northern regions of the United States and of European countries.
0271100|Icebreaker is a ship designed to travel through ice-covered waters.
0271120|Icecap is one of the thick layers of ice and snow that cover large areas of land in the polar regions.
0271140|Iceland is an island country that lies just below the Arctic Circle in the North Atlantic Ocean.
0271220|Ichneumon wasp is an insect that lives as a parasite of other insects or spiders.
0271260|Ichthyology is the branch of zoology, or the science of animals, that deals with fishes.
0271320|Ickes, Harold Le Claire, (1874-1952), served as United States secretary of the interior from 1933 to 1946.
0271340|Icon is a religious painting considered sacred in the Eastern Orthodox Churches.
0271360|Iconoclast, has come to mean a person who attacks long-established beliefs.
0271380|Iconoscope was one of the first devices capable of converting light images into electric signals that could be used to produce a television image.
0271480|Idaho is a Rocky Mountain state of the United States with exciting scenery and enormous natural resources.
0271520|Idaho, University of, is a coeducational land grant school in Moscow, Ida.
0271530|Idaho Falls (pop. 43,929) is one of the largest cities in Idaho.
0271535|Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, near Idaho Falls, Ida., is the leading center in the United States for testing the safety of nuclear reactors.
0271540|Idaho State University is a state-supported coeducational liberal arts school in Pocatello, Idaho.
0271560|Idealism, in philosophy, is a metaphysical theory--that is, a theory about the nature of reality.
0271600|Ideology is a system of thought based on related assumptions, beliefs, and explanations of social movements or policies.
0271620|Ides. In the old Roman calendar, the ides was a day near the middle of each month.
0271640|Idiom is a phrase or expression whose total meaning differs from the meaning of the individual words.
0271690|Idolatry is the worship of a statue or image of a god or spirit.
0271720|Idyl, also spelled idyll, is a kind of pastoral poem developed by the ancient Greeks.
0271750|Ife was an important center of black African culture for hundreds of years, beginning about A.D. 1000.
0271790|Igbo, or Ibo, are one of the largest ethnic groups in Nigeria.
0271800|Igloo is the Inuit name for a shelter.
0271820|Ignatius, Saint, was a bishop of Antioch and an early Christian martyr.
0271860|Igneous rock is rock formed by the hardening and crystallization of molten material that originates deep within the earth.
0271900|Ignition is any system that sets fire to a mixture of fuel and air to create power in an engine.
0271980|Iguana is the name of certain lizards found mainly in the Western Hemisphere.
0272100|Ikhwan is an Arabic term meaning brothers or brotherhood.
0272170|Ileitis is a disease that involves inflammation of the ileum, the lower half of the small intestine.
0272200|Iliad is one of the oldest surviving Greek poems.
0272290|Illegal alien is a noncitizen living in a country without authorization from the government.
0272300|Illicium is the name of a group of fragrant shrubs and trees.
0272380|Illinois, has more people than any other state in the Midwestern region of the United States.
0272400|Illinois, University of, is a state-supported, coeducational institution with two campuses.
0272480|Illinois Indians were expert archers and continued to use bows and arrows long after most tribes had adopted guns.
0272520|Illinois River is the largest and most important water route in Illinois.
0272620|Illuminated manuscript is a book written and decorated by hand.
0272800|Ilmenite is a black, heavy mineral, important as a source of titanium (see TITANIUM ).
0272820|Iloilo, (pop. 292,422), is one of the chief ports of the Philippines.
0272880|Image orthicon is a vacuum tube used in some television cameras to take the television picture.
0272900|Imagination is the capacity to consider objects or events in their absence or as they might be.
0272940|Imago is the fully developed insect which emerges from the pupa at the end of the third stage of metamorphosis in an insect life.
0273000|Imhotep was an ancient Egyptian architect, physician, and statesman who lived about 2650 B.C.
0273040|Immaculate Conception is a doctrine of the Roman Catholic Church.
0273100|Immersion foot, also known as trench foot, is a diseased condition of the lower limbs and feet that is caused by prolonged exposure to wet cold.
0273120|Immigration is the act of coming to a foreign country to live.
0273140|Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) is a United States government agency that administers and enforces U.S. immigration laws.
0273160|Immortality is a term for the theory or belief that human life continues after death.
0273200|Immortelle are flowers that retain their natural form and color indefinitely after they have been dried.
0273215|Immune system is a group of cells, molecules, and tissues that help defend the body against diseases and other harmful invaders.
0273250|Immunization is the process of protecting the body against disease by means of vaccines or serums.
0273300|Impala is an African antelope known for its swift, graceful jumping and running.
0273310|Impatiens is the scientific name for a large group of flowering plants noted for their explosive seed pods.
0273320|Impeachment occurs when an authorized legislative body votes to bring a charge of serious misconduct in office against a government official.
0273440|Imperial Valley is a rich irrigated region in the desert of south-central California just north of the Mexican border.
0273460|Imperialism is the policy or action by which one country controls another country or territory.
0273480|Impetigo is a contagious skin infection that chiefly afflicts children.
0273580|Impressionism is a style of art that presents an immediate impression of an object or event.
0273760|Inca were a South American Indian people who ruled one of the largest and richest empires in the Americas.
0273840|Incense is a mixture of sweet-smelling gums and balsams.
0273860|Inch is the smallest unit of distance in the inch-pound system of measurement customarily used in the United States.
0273900|Inchcape Rock is a dangerous reef in the North Sea, off the coast of Scotland.
0273920|Inchon, (pop. 1,817,919), is a major industrial city in northwestern South Korea and the nation's second largest port.
0273960|Incinerator is a furnacelike device for reducing waste products to ash.
0274000|Inclined plane is a device used to raise heavy loads with relatively small forces.
0274020|Inclinometer is a device for measuring angles formed with the plane of the horizon.
0274040|Income is a term in economics that generally is defined in terms of consumption and wealth.
0274060|Income tax is a tax on the earnings of individuals, corporations, estates, and trusts.
0274080|Incompetence is a legal term most often applied to people who are mentally retarded or insane.
0274100|Incubation is the process in which fertilized eggs and young organisms are kept under proper conditions for growth and development.
0274140|Incubator is an apparatus that maintains a favorable environment for growth and development.
0274220|Indentured servant was someone who worked without wages for a period of time in exchange for passage to the American Colonies.
0274240|Independence (pop. 112,301) is a historic city in western Missouri, just east of Kansas City.
0274280|Independence Day commemorates the birthday of the United States of America.
0274300|Independence Hall, or Old State House, is the most famous building in Philadelphia, and the scene of some of the most important events in American history.
0274360|Index is an alphabetical list of topics and subjects that appears at the end of many books.
0274400|Index of Forbidden Books, commonly called the Index, was a list of books the Roman Catholic Church once forbade its members to read without special permission.
0274440|India is a large country in southern Asia.
0274500|Indian, American. The people now known as Indians or Native Americans were the first people to live in the Americas.
0274520|Indian Affairs, Bureau of (BIA), is an agency of the United States Department of the Interior that works mainly to promote the welfare of the nation's Indians.
0274620|Indian Claims Commission was an independent commission of the United States government.
0274800|Indian Ocean ranks as the third largest ocean in the world.
0274840|Indian paintbrush is any of about 200 species of handsome wildflowers that grow primarily in the western United States.
0274860|Indian pipe is a plant that is often mistaken for fungus.
0274880|Indian reservation, in the United States, is an area set aside for Indians to use.
0274940|Indian summer is a short period of especially fair weather and mild days.
0274960|Indian Territory was the region west of the Mississippi River that the government set aside for the residence of Indians from about 1830 to 1906.
0275020|Indian wars were the struggles between Indians and white people for the rich lands that became the United States.
0275040|Indiana is a small state of the United States with a large population.
0275120|Indiana State University is a state-supported coeducational school in Terre Haute, Indiana.
0275160|Indiana University is a state-supported coeducational institution.
0275180|Indianapolis is the capital and largest city of Indiana.
0275280|Indictment, in law, is a written statement accusing one or more persons of a particular crime.
0275320|Indigestion is a discomfort in the abdomen that most commonly follows eating or drinking too much.
0275340|Indigo is a deep blue dye used to color cotton and wool.
0275360|Indigo bunting is a North American songbird.
0275380|Indium, a chemical element, is a rare, extremely soft, silver-white metal.
0275440|Indochina is the eastern half of a long and curving peninsula that extends into the South China Sea from the mainland of Southeast Asia.
0275460|Indonesia is a country in Southeast Asia that consists of more than 13,600 islands.
0275520|Inductance is a property of an electric circuit that opposes any change in the current flowing in that circuit.
0275540|Induction, Electric, is the process by which an electrically charged object charges another object without touching it.
0275600|Induction coil is an electrical transformer that produces high-voltage alternating current from lower voltage current.
0275640|Inductive method is the reasoning process by which a person starts from particular experiences and proceeds to generalizations.
0275660|Indulgence is a term used in the Roman Catholic Church.
0275680|Indus River is the longest river in Pakistan.
0275690|Indus Valley civilization was one of the world's first great civilizations.
0275720|Industrial arts is an area of general education that deals with technology and industry.
0275760|Industrial design is the process of planning and developing products and systems.
0275830|Industrial psychology is concerned with people at work.
0275840|Industrial relations involves dealings between employees and their employers.
0275880|Industrial Revolution. During the 1700's and early 1800's, great changes took place in the lives and work of people in several parts of the world.
0275940|Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) was a radical labor organization founded in 1905 to oppose the conservative policies of the American Federation of Labor (AFL).
0275980|Industry. An industry is a group of businesses that produce a similar product or provide a similar service.
0276020|Inertia is a property of all matter.
0276030|Inertial guidance is a method of navigation used to guide rockets and airplanes, submarines, and other vehicles.
0276100|Infant mortality is a measure of the number of infants who die before reaching their first birthday.
0276160|Infantry has been the largest combat branch of most armies for hundreds of years.
0276220|Infertility, in human beings, is the inability of a man and a woman to produce children.
0276240|Infinitive is the simple or base form of a verb, such as go, see, watch, or do.
0276250|Infinity is a term commonly used to refer to a quantity or distance that is so large it cannot be counted or measured.
0276260|Inflammation is an abnormal condition of the tissues of some part of the body in which there is swelling, redness, heat, and pain.
0276280|Inflation is a continual increase in prices throughout a nation's economy.
0276300|Inflection is a set of word forms that show different functions or meanings in a sentence.
0276320|Inflorescence is the flowering region of a plant.
0276340|Influenza is an infectious disease caused by the influenza virus.
0276360|Information retrieval is a system for locating facts in a central information storage area.
0276370|Information science is the study of the recording, storage, retrieval, and use of information.
0276380|Information theory describes how messages are transmitted and received through such electronic information systems as radio, the telephone, and television.
0276400|Infrared rays, often called heat rays, resemble light rays, but they cannot be seen by the human eye.
0276480|Inge, William (1913-1973), was an American playwright.
0276500|Ingersoll, Jared, (1749-1822), was a Pennsylvania signer of the Constitution of the United States in 1787.
0276580|Ingres, Jean Auguste Dominique, (1780-1867), was a leading French artist who painted in the style known as neoclassicism.
0276640|Inheritance tax is paid on property passed on from a deceased person to those who are to inherit it.
0276700|Initiative and referendum are actions that allow the voters of a city, state, or country a certain amount of direct control over lawmaking.
0276760|Injunction is an order requiring a person or group of people to do, or not to do, something.
0276800|Ink is a colored liquid, powder, or paste used for writing, drawing, or printing.
0276880|Inland revenue means all taxes except those on foreign commerce.
0276900|Inland waterway is a canal, river, or lake that may be used by boats, barges, or ships.
0276940|Inlay is a type of decoration usually created by cutting a design into the surface of one material and filling the pattern with another, often contrasting, material.
0277020|Inness, George (1825-1894), was an American landscape painter.
0277061|Innocent III (1160?-1216) is often considered the greatest of the medieval popes.
0277080|Innocent IV (1200?-1254) was elected pope in 1243.
0277100|Inns of Court was the name given during the early Middle Ages to four groups of buildings in London where lawyers lived, studied, taught, and held court.
0277120|Innsbruck, (pop. 118,112), a summer and winter resort, is the capital of the Austrian province of Tyrol.
0277160|Inoculation is the injection of a special preparation into the body in order to produce immunity.
0277180|Inorganic chemistry is the study of the chemical elements and their compounds except most carbon compounds.
0277210|Input-output analysis is a method of studying the complex relationships between the various parts of an economy.
0277220|Inquest is an inquiry held by a group of people who have the legal right to make an investigation.
0277240|Inquisition was an effort by the Christian church to seek out and punish heretics (persons who opposed church teachings).
0277260|Insanity is a legal term for any severe mental disease or disorder that makes a person not responsible for his or her actions.
0277300|Insect is a small, six-legged animal.
0277340|Insecticide is a substance that kills insects.
0277360|Insectivore is the name of any one of a group of small mammals, such as the mole, which feed chiefly on insects.
0277400|Inside Passage is a water transportation route from Seattle, Wash., to the Alaskan towns of Haines and Skagway.
0277420|Insignia are emblems of metal or cloth worn by a person in uniform.
0277460|Insomnia is the inability to sleep naturally.
0277480|Inspector General is a fact-finding officer of an Inspector General's department.
0277520|Installment plan is a method of buying on credit.
0277580|Instinct is a term used to categorize behavior that appears to develop largely independent of experience.
0277600|Institute for Advanced Study, in Princeton, N.J., is an independent community of scholars and scientists engaged in advanced research and study.
0277640|Institute of France is a group of five learned societies that are encouraged and supported by the French government.
0277780|Insulation is the restriction of heat, sound, or electricity within a specific area.
0277800|Insulator, Electric, is a material that conducts almost no electricity.
0277820|Insulin is a hormone that regulates the body's use of sugar and other food.
0277860|Insurance is a means of providing protection against financial loss in a great variety of situations.
0277920|Intaglio is an artistic process in which a design is carved into the surface of a material.
0277942|Integer is a number.
0277980|Intelligence. People differ in the speed with which they learn things and how well and how long they remember ideas.
0278000|Intelligence quotient, or IQ, is a number used to indicate a person's intelligence.
0278020|Intelligence service is an agency that chiefly gathers and evaluates information for a country's political and military leaders.
0278050|INTELSAT is an association of 132 nations that manages international satellite communications.
0278200|Intercom is a system for communicating between a number of points that are close to each other.
0278360|Interest is the price paid to lenders for the use of their money.
0278400|Interference is an effect caused by two waves of the same kind passing through the same space at the same time.
0278420|Interferometer is an instrument that uses the interference of waves to make precise measurements.
0278440|Interferon is a protein produced by various body cells in response to viral infections.
0278480|Interior, Department of the, is an executive department of the United States government.
0278510|Interior design, sometimes called interior decoration, is the art of creating rooms and other indoor areas that are attractive, comfortable, and useful.
0278520|Interjection is a word used in a sentence as an independent element, grammatically unrelated to the other words.
0278550|Interleukin is the name of a group of proteins that serve as messengers among the cells of the body's immune system.
0278560|Interlingua is an international language developed for scientific and medical writing.
0278680|Intermezzo is a type of musical composition that has had many functions during its history.
0278720|Internal-combustion engine is a device in which the burning of a mixture of fuel and air produces mechanical energy to perform useful work.
0278730|Internal medicine is a branch of medicine that deals with disorders of the internal body structures of adults.
0278740|Internal revenue is the income a government derives from sources within the country, in contrast to income from export and import duties.
0278745|Internal Revenue Service is the agency of the United States Department of the Treasury that collects income taxes.
0278800|International Air Transport Association (IATA) is an organization of the world's scheduled international airlines.
0278820|International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is an organization that promotes safe and peaceful uses of nuclear energy throughout the world.
0278900|International Bureau of Weights and Measures is an international organization that standardizes units of measure.
0278920|International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) is the world's largest manufacturer of information systems and equipment.
0278960|International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) is a specialized agency related to the United Nations that promotes the safe and orderly growth of civil aviation.
0279020|International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU) is an organization that promotes the interests of working people.
0279060|International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU) coordinates the activities of 20 international unions in the fields of the natural sciences.
0279080|International Court of Justice, often called the World Court, is the highest judicial agency of the United Nations.
0279100|International Date Line is an imaginary line which marks the spot on the earth's surface where each new calendar day begins.
0279130|International Energy Agency (IEA) is an organization of 21 countries that are major importers of oil.
0279160|International Finance Corporation (IFC) is an investment corporation owned and financed by about 125 countries.
0279170|International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN).
0279220|International Joint Commission settles questions about the use of boundary waters between Canada and the United States for water power, navigation, sanitation, irrigation, recreation, and scenic beauty.
0279240|International Labor Organization (ILO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) that promotes the welfare of workers.
0279280|International law is the body of rules and general principles that nations are expected to observe in their relations with one another.
0279290|International Maritime Organization, a specialized agency of the United Nations, promotes cooperation among governments in matters involving international shipping.
0279320|International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an organization that provides short-term credit to its more than 175 member nations.
0279400|International Peace Garden is a park that honors the long friendship between Canada and the United States.
0279500|International relations are primarily official contacts among the governments of independent countries.
0279525|International standard book number is a group of 10 numbers identifying a book and its publisher.
0279540|International Telecommunication Union (ITU) establishes regulations on the international use of radio, satellite, telegraph, and telephone communication services.
0279560|International trade is the exchange of goods and services between countries.
0279562|International Trade Commission, United States, is an independent agency of the United States government.
0279600|Internationale, The, is the song traditionally used by Communist and Socialist revolutionaries.
0279620|Internet is a vast network of computers that connects many of the world's businesses, institutions, and individuals.
0279640|Inter-Parliamentary Union is an organization made up of representatives of parliaments throughout the world.
0279680|Interpol is an intergovernmental organization of police authorities from about 175 countries.
0279780|Interstate commerce includes all commercial transactions that cross from one state to another in the United States.
0279800|Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) was an independent agency of the United States government from 1887 to 1995.
0279840|Intervention is an act in which one nation interferes in the internal affairs of another nation.
0279880|Intestine is the muscular tube in the body through which food and the products of digestion pass.
0279900|Intolerable Acts were five British laws to which the American colonists strongly objected.
0279920|Intoxication is the condition in which the body is poisoned by a toxin or by a narcotic, alcohol, or some other drug.
0279980|Intramural sports, provide recreation and athletic competition among students who attend the same school.
0280000|Intravenous injection is given into the blood inside a vein.
0280040|Introvert, when used nontechnically, usually means a shy, unsociable person.
0280080|Inuit are a people who live in and near the Arctic.
0280100|Inuvik, (pop. 3,206), is an administrative and commercial center in the northwestern part of Canada's Northwest Territories.
0280160|Invention is the creation of a new device, process, or product.
0280180|Inverness is the most important town of the Highland Region of northern Scotland.
0280240|Invertebrate is an animal that lacks a vertebral column (backbone).
0280280|Investment is the use of money to earn income or profit.
0280300|Investment banking is a business activity in which a company purchases newly issued securities, such as stocks and bonds, from businesses and governments.
0280320|Invisible ink is a writing fluid intended for secret communication.
0280430|Io, in Greek mythology, was a mistress of the god Zeus.
0280440|Iodine is a nonmetallic chemical element.
0280480|Ion is an atom or a group of atoms that has an electric charge.
0280520|Ion microscope, also known as a field-ion microscope, is one of the most powerful magnifying instruments in scientific use.
0280550|Ionesco, Eugene (1912-1994), was a Romanian-born French playwright.
0280580|Ionian Islands are a group of islands in the Ionian Sea that are part of Greece.
0280600|Ionian Sea is the deepest part of the Mediterranean Sea.
0280610|Ionians were a group of ancient Greeks.
0280660|Ionosphere is a part of the earth's atmosphere that has many ions (electrically charged atoms and groups of atoms) and free electrons.
0280700|I.O.U. The words I owe you sound like the letters I O U.
0280720|Iowa is one of the greatest farming states in the United States.
0280760|Iowa, University of, is a state-supported, coeducational research university in Iowa City, Iowa.
0280780|Iowa Indians were a small Plains tribe of the United States.
0280800|Iowa State University of Science and Technology is a coeducational land-grant school in Ames, Iowa.
0280860|Ipecac is a drug made from the dried root of a small shrub native to Brazil.
0280880|Iphigenia, in Greek mythology, was the daughter of Clytemnestra and Agamemnon, the commander of the Greek forces in the Trojan War.
0280920|Iqbal, Sir Muhammad (1873-1938), a Muslim Indian scholar, philosopher, and poet, is regarded as the spiritual founder of Pakistan.
0280940|Iran is an ancient country in the Middle East region of southwestern Asia.
0280950|Iran-contra affair is the name of a major United States foreign policy scandal in the 1980's.
0280960|Iraq is an Arab country at the head of the Persian Gulf in southwestern Asia.
0281020|Ireland is a small, independent country located in northwestern Europe.
0281060|Irenaeus, Saint (A.D. 130?-202?), was one of the most important thinkers and leaders in the early Christian church.
0281100|Iridium is a silvery metallic element.
0281140|Iris is a popular plant with large, beautifully colored flowers.
0281200|Irish literature reflects the history and spirit of the Irish people better than any other art form.
0281220|Irish moss, also called carrageen, is the name of several kinds of seaweeds that grow along rocky shores and that are collected for commercial use.
0281230|Irish Republican Army (IRA) is a secret military organization that seeks to unite the independent country of Ireland with Northern Ireland, which is a part of the United Kingdom.
0281240|Irish Sea is a body of water between Ireland on the west and England and Wales on the east.
0281260|Irish setter is an attractive dog with a brownish-red coat.
0281300|Irish terrier is a medium-sized dog that originated in Ireland during the 1700's.
0281320|Irish water spaniel is sometimes called the clown of the dog family.
0281340|Irish wolfhound is the tallest of all dogs.
0281360|Iritis is an inflammation of the iris, the colored part of the eyeball.
0281380|Irkutsk, (pop. 589,000), is a manufacturing, transportation, and cultural center in Russia.
0281400|Iron is a silvery-white metal in its pure state.
0281440|Iron Age is the period of history that began between 1500 and 1000 B.C. with the widespread use of iron for tools and weapons.
0281460|Iron and steel are the world's cheapest and most useful metals.
0281480|Iron and Steel Institute, American, is an association of producers of iron and steel in North and South America.
0281560|Iron Curtain is a phrase made popular by Sir Winston Churchill in the 1940's.
0281660|Iron lung is a device used to treat paralysis of the muscles and organs of breathing.
0281800|Ironwood, or hornbeam, are names given to certain trees that have exceptionally hard wood.
0281820|Ironwork, Decorative, usually consists of different lengths and thicknesses of iron rods that have been shaped into designs.
0281860|Irony is a device used in speaking and writing to deliberately express ideas so they can be understood in two different ways.
0281880|Iroquois Indians, formed a federation of tribes that once occupied upper New York state.
0281920|Irradiation is the exposing of matter to radiation, usually for the purpose of producing a specific biological, chemical, or physical change.
0281940|Irrawaddy River, also spelled Irawadi, is the chief river of Burma.
0281980|Irrigation is the watering of land by artificial methods.
0282070|Irving, John (1942- ), is an American novelist who has gained enormous popularity with readers and acclaim from critics.
0282080|Irving, Washington (1783-1859), was one of the first American authors to win recognition in Europe as well as the United States.
0282100|Irvington, N.J. (pop. 61,018), is an industrial center on the Elizabeth River, west of Newark (see New Jersey political map).
0282120|Irwin, James Benson (1930-1991), a United States astronaut, piloted the lunar module Falcon on the Apollo 15 mission.
0282140|Isaac, the second of the Hebrew patriarchs, was the son of Abraham and his wife Sarah (see ABRAHAM ; ISHMAEL ).
0282180|Isabella I (1451-1504), queen of Castile and Aragon, played one of the most important parts in the history of Spain.
0282200|Isaiah, Book of, is a book of the Bible that is named for the Hebrew prophet Isaiah.
0282280|Isfahan, (pop. 926,601), is one of the largest cities in Iran.
0282290|Isherwood, Christopher (1904-1986), was an English-born novelist and dramatist best known for his descriptions of the petty boredom and aimless quality of life in Europe in the 1930's.
0282300|Ishmael, in the Old Testament Book of Genesis, was the elder son of Abraham.
0282340|Isinglass is the purest form of animal gelatin.
0282360|Isis was the most popular goddess in ancient Egyptian mythology.
0282380|Islam is the name given to the religion preached by the Prophet Muhammad in the A.D. 600's.
0282400|Islamabad, (pop. 204,364), is the capital of Pakistan.
0282420|Islamic art is the art of the civilization based on the Islamic religion.
0282460|Island is a body of land smaller than a continent and surrounded by water.
0282580|Isle Royale National Park includes the large island for which the park was named and more than 200 small nearby islands.
0282700|Isobar is a line drawn on weather charts and maps to connect places that have the same atmospheric pressure.
0282720|Isocrates, (436-338 B.C.), was an important Greek orator.
0282740|Isolationism is the doctrine of people who believe a nation should hold itself separate from other nations.
0282760|Isomers are two or more chemical compounds that have the same number of each kind of atom, but differ in the way the atoms are arranged.
0282810|Isometrics is a method of exercise that involves little or no visible movement.
0282820|Isomorphism, in chemistry, is a close similarity in the crystal structure of certain substances that have different chemical formulas.
0282840|Isoniazid is one of the most effective drugs used in the treatment of tuberculosis.
0282880|Isoptera is an order of insects that live in colonies similar to those of ants and bees.
0282920|Isotherm is a line drawn on maps to connect places that have the same temperature.
0282940|Isotope is one of two or more atoms of the same element that differ in atomic weight.
0282960|Israel is a small country in southwestern Asia.
0283020|Istanbul, (pop. 6,620,600), the largest city of Turkey, is the only major city on two continents--Asia and Europe.
0283040|Isthmian Games were ancient Greek competitions that formed part of a religious festival for Poseidon, god of the sea.
0283060|Isthmus is a narrow strip of land which connects larger bodies of land.
0283140|Italian greyhound is a breed of dog similar to the greyhound but much smaller.
0283160|Italian language is the official language of Italy and one of the official languages of Switzerland.
0283180|Italian literature includes many masterpieces written since the early 1200's.
0283220|Italics is the style of type in which this sentence is printed.
0283240|Italo-Ethiopian War was fought between Italy and the African Empire of Ethiopia (formerly Abyssinia) from 1935 to 1936.
0283260|Italy is a country in southern Europe.
0283280|Itch is a sensation caused by irritation of particular nerves in the skin.
0283380|Iturbide, Agustin de, (1783-1824), a Mexican military leader, ruled Mexico from May 1822 to March 1823 as Emperor Agustin I.
0283401|Ivan III, the Great (1440-1505), was grand prince of Moscow from 1462 to 1505.
0283402|Ivan IV, the Terrible (1530-1584), in 1547 became the first Russian ruler to be crowned czar.
0283460|Ives, Charles Edward (1874-1954), was a leading American experimental composer.
0283520|Ivory is a hard substance that makes up the main part of the tusks and teeth of certain animals.
0283540|Ivory black is a black pigment made by heating waste ivory dust and chips.
0283560|Ivory Coast is a country that lies along the Gulf of Guinea on the west coast of Africa.
0283580|Ivory palm is a short palm tree native to South America.
0283600|Ivy is any one of a large number of creeping or climbing vines.
0283640|Iwo Jima is the middle island of the three Volcano Islands, or Kazan Retto, in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.
0283660|Ixtacihuatl is an inactive volcano about 35 miles (56 kilometers) southeast of Mexico City.
0283685|Izaak Walton League of America is one of the oldest conservation organizations in the United States.
0283720|Izmir, (pop. 1,757,100), is a Turkish port and trading center.
0283760|J is the tenth letter of our alphabet, and was the last to be added.
0283800|Jabiru is a stork that lives in South America.
0283820|Jacana is a type of small wading bird found in tropical areas worldwide.
0283840|Jacaranda is the Brazilian name for a group of trees and shrubs native to tropical America.
0283900|Jack Frost is the imaginary sprite who is supposed to trace the patterns that frost makes on trees, windows, and other objects.
0283920|Jack-in-the-pulpit is any of several American wild flowers that grow in moist woodlands, flood plains, thickets, and swampy or boggy areas.
0283940|Jack-o'-lantern is a name often given to a hollowed-out pumpkin which has eyes, nose, and a mouth carved in one side.
0283960|Jack rabbit is a name for four kinds of large hares found in deserts and prairies in western North America.
0283990|Jack the Ripper was an unknown murderer who terrorized London in 1888.
0284000|Jackal is a wild dog that lives in Asia, Africa, and southeastern Europe.
0284020|Jackdaw is a small crow that is common in Europe and North Africa.
0284040|Jacks, also called jackstones, is the name of a children's game played with small metal objects called jacks.
0284100|Jackson, Miss. (pop. 196,637; met. area pop. 395,396), is the capital and largest city of the state.
0284120|Jackson, Alexander Young (1882-1974), a Canadian landscape painter, was a founding member of a group of Canadian artists called the Group of Seven.
0284140|Jackson, Andrew (1767-1845), was the first President born in a log cabin.
0284180|Jackson, Helen Hunt (1830-1885), became best known for her efforts to secure justice for the American Indians.
0284190|Jackson, Jesse Louis (1941- ), is a black American civil rights activist, political leader, and Baptist minister.
0284197|Jackson, Mahalia (1911-1972), was the best-known gospel singer in the world.
0284198|Jackson, Michael (1958- ), an American singer, dancer, and songwriter, is one of the most popular and exciting performers of rock music.
0284200|Jackson, Robert Houghwout (1892-1954), an American lawyer and judge, served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1941 until his death.
0284210|Jackson, Shirley (1916-1965), was an American novelist and short-story writer known for her tales of psychological horror.
0284215|Jackson, Shoeless Joe (1888-1951), was the most famous of eight Chicago White Sox players banned from baseball in 1920.
0284220|Jackson, Stonewall (1824-1863), was one of the most famous Confederate generals and one of the best officers who fought under General Robert E. Lee.
0284230|Jackson, William Henry (1843-1942), was an American photographer famous for his pictures of the Old West.
0284320|Jacksonville is the largest city in Florida and the state's financial and insurance capital.
0284400|Jacob, in the book of Genesis, was the son of Isaac and the father of 12 sons and at least 1 daughter by his wives Leah, Rachel, Zilpah, and Bilhah.
0284420|Jacob, John Edward (1934- ), a civil rights leader, served as president of the National Urban League from 1982 to 1994.
0284440|Jacobins were members of the Jacobin Club, the most radical political society to rule during the French Revolution (1789-1799).
0284490|Jacobs, Joseph (1854-1916), was a British scholar best known for his collections of folk tales for children.
0284540|Jacquard, Joseph Marie (1752-1834), perfected the automatic pattern loom.
0284600|Jade is a hard, tough, and highly colored stone widely used for fine carvings and jewelry.
0284620|Jaeger, also called hunting gull, is the name of three species of sea birds that live in northern regions worldwide.
0284640|Jaffa, Israel, is one of the world's oldest cities.
0284720|Jaguar is the largest, most powerful wild cat of the Western Hemisphere.
0284740|Jaguarundi is a wild cat of the Western Hemisphere.
0284770|Jahn, Helmut (1940- ), is an American architect.
0284800|Jai alai is a fast and dangerous game that resembles handball.
0284840|Jainism is a religion of India.
0284880|Jakarta, (pop. 6,761,886), is the capital, largest city, and chief economic center of Indonesia.
0284980|Jamaica is an island nation in the West Indies.
0285060|James was the name of two kings of England and Scotland, and of five kings of Scotland.
0285070|James, Daniel, Jr. (1920-1978), was the first black four-star general in United States history.
0285095|James, Epistle of, is a book of the New Testament.
0285100|James, Henry (1843-1916), was one of America's greatest writers.
0285140|James, Jesse (1847-1882), became one of the most famous bank and train robbers in the history of the United States.
0285155|James, P. D. (1920- ), is a popular English writer of detective stories.
0285180|James, Saint, was one of the leaders of the Christian church in Jerusalem during the first years after it was founded.
0285220|James, William (1842-1910), became the most widely read American philosopher of the 1900's.
0285240|James Bay is the southern arm of Hudson Bay in northeast Canada.
0285260|James River is the largest waterway lying wholly within the state of Virginia.
0285270|James the Greater, Saint, was one of the 12 apostles of Jesus Christ.
0285280|James the Less, Saint, was one of the 12 apostles of Jesus Christ.
0285320|Jamestown, Va., was the first permanent English settlement in North America.
0285420|Janacek, Leos, (1854-1928), was a Czech composer best known for his operas and works for male chorus.
0285500|Janissaries were a group of highly trained professional soldiers of the Ottoman Empire.
0285520|Jansen, Cornelius (1585-1638), was a Roman Catholic bishop best known for his book Augustinus, published in 1640, after his death.
0285535|Jansky, Karl Guthe (1905-1950), an American engineer, was the first person to detect radio waves whose source was outside the solar system.
0285560|January is the first month of the year according to the Gregorian calendar, which is used in almost all the world today.
0285580|Janus, in Roman mythology, was a god who had two faces that looked in opposite directions.
0285600|Japan is an island country in the North Pacific Ocean.
0285620|Japan, Sea of, is an arm of the Pacific Ocean.
0285660|Japan Current is a warm, dark-colored current in the western Pacific Ocean.
0285680|Japanese beetle is an insect that injures grasses, trees, crops, and garden plants.
0285700|Japanese chin is a dainty, graceful toy dog.
0285720|Japanese language is the native tongue of the people of Japan and the neighboring Ryukyu and Bonin islands.
0285740|Japanese literature ranks as one of the world's great literatures.
0285780|Japanese print is a type of Japanese illustration printed on paper from carved blocks of wood.
0285945|Jarrell, Randall (1914-1965), was an American poet and critic.
0285980|Jaruzelski, Wojciech, (1923- ), was the top leader of Poland from 1981 to 1989.
0286060|Jasmine is the name of about 200 species of flowering shrubs or vines that grow in tropical and subtropical regions.
0286080|Jason was a hero in Greek mythology who led a band of men called the Argonauts.
0286100|Jasper is the name of a dark red variety of chalcedony.
0286120|Jasper National Park lies in the Rocky Mountains of western Alberta.
0286150|Jaspers, Karl (1883-1969), was a leading German existentialist philosopher.
0286200|Jaundice is a yellowish discoloration of the skin, the tissues, and the whites of the eyes.
0286255|Java fossils are the remains of a type of prehistoric human being that lived from about 1 million to 500,000 years ago, and perhaps as early as 1,800,000 years ago.
0286320|Javelin is a light, slender spear that is thrown for distance in track and field meets.
0286400|Jay refers to several species of a large family of birds that includes ravens, crows, and magpies.
0286420|Jay, John (1745-1829), was a distinguished statesman during the early days of the United States.
0286440|Jay Treaty, signed in 1794, resolved disputes that arose between the United States and Great Britain after the Revolutionary War in America ended.
0286460|Jaycees are organizations that stress individual development through leadership training and civic involvement.
0286540|Jazz is a kind of music that has often been called the only art form to originate in the United States.
0286580|Jean Baptiste de la Salle, Saint (1651-1719), a French priest, founded the Institute of Brothers of the Christian School, a Roman Catholic religious order devoted to teaching boys.
0286720|Jeep is a small all-purpose vehicle used by the armed forces of many countries.
0286740|Jeffers, Robinson (1887-1962), was an American poet.
0286760|Jefferson, Joseph (1829-1905), became one of the most popular and respected American comic actors of the 1800's.
0286780|Jefferson, State of, was the name of a proposed state in the United States.
0286800|Jefferson, Thomas (1743-1826), is best remembered as a great President and as the author of the Declaration of Independence.
0286820|Jefferson City (pop. 35,481) is the capital of Missouri.
0286840|Jefferson Memorial, in Washington, D.C., is a shrine to the third President of the United States and author of the Declaration of Independence.
0286860|Jefferson Territory was the name proposed in 1859 for the area that covered the present state of Colorado and large parts of what are now Nebraska, Utah, and Wyoming.
0286920|Jeffries, James Jackson (1875-1953), won the world's heavyweight boxing championship in his 13th professional fight.
0287060|Jehovah is a form of Yahweh, the sacred Hebrew name for God.
0287080|Jehovah's Witnesses are members of a religious group that uses the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society as its corporate body.
0287170|Jellicoe, John Rushworth (1859-1935), was a British naval officer during World War I (1914-1918).
0287180|Jelly and jam are sweet, thick spreads made from fruit.
0287200|Jellyfish is the common name of a type of sea animal that biologists call a medusa.
0287210|Jemison, Mae Carol (1956- ), an American astronaut and physician, became the first black woman to travel in space.
0287220|Jemison, Mary (1743-1833), was called "The White Woman of the Genesee.
0287280|Jenifer, Daniel of St. Thomas (1723-1790), was a Maryland signer of the Constitution of the United States.
0287330|Jenkins, Roy Harris (1920- ), is a British political leader and author.
0287350|Jenne, also called Djenne, is a small city in Mali.
0287360|Jenner, Edward (1749-1823), a British physician, discovered vaccination as a means of preventing smallpox.
0287380|Jenner, Sir William (1815-1898), a British physician, studied certain acute communicable diseases and did much to advance their treatment.
0287420|Jenney, William Le Baron (1832-1907), was an American architect and engineer.
0287500|Jensen, J. Hans (1906-1973), a German physicist, shared the 1963 Nobel Prize in physics with Maria Goeppert Mayer and Eugene Paul Wigner.
0287540|Jenson, Nicolas (1415?-1480), was a French printer who perfected roman-style type.
0287580|Jerboa is a mammal that looks like a tiny kangaroo.
0287600|Jeremiah, Book of, is a book of the Hebrew Bible, or Old Testament, named for an Israelite prophet.
0287620|Jericho, (pop. 5,312), lies in the West Bank, a Middle Eastern territory inhabited chiefly by Palestinians.
0287680|Jeroboam is the name of two kings who ruled the northern kingdom of Israel.
0287720|Jerome, Saint (about 340-420), was a great Biblical scholar of the Christian church.
0287760|Jersey is the largest of the Channel Islands.
0287770|Jersey is a plain, knitted fabric without ribs (ridges).
0287780|Jersey City, N.J. (pop. 228,537; met. area pop. 553,099), is a major seaport and industrial and transportation center of the New York City metropolitan area.
0287860|Jerusalem is a holy city of Jews, Christians, and Muslims.
0287880|Jerusalem artichoke is a plant native to North America.
0287940|Jester was a person whose duty it was usually to amuse a king or nobleman and his family and guests.
0287960|Jesuits are members of a Roman Catholic religious order of men.
0288000|Jesus Christ was one of the world's greatest religious leaders.
0288040|Jet is a kind of coal so hard and uniform that it can be carved and polished to look like black glass.
0288060|Jet propulsion is the production of motion in one direction by the release of a high-pressure stream of gas in the opposite direction.
0288070|Jet Propulsion Laboratory is a center for the design of unmanned spacecraft and their control in space.
0288080|Jet stream is a band of fast-moving air currents that occur at high altitudes.
0288120|Jetty is a pier or wall built out from the shore of a river, lake, or ocean to control the flow of water.
0288160|Jewel is a fashioned (cut) gemstone or a pearl.
0288180|Jewel Cave National Monument, in western South Dakota, contains one of the longest cave systems in the United States.
0288200|Jewelry refers to the ornaments people wear.
0288240|Jewett, Sarah Orne, (1849-1909), was an American author.
0288260|Jewfish is a large fish found in the western Atlantic and eastern Pacific oceans.
0288290|Jewish community centers are agencies that offer a wide variety of cultural, educational, recreational, and social activities for Jews of all ages.
0288340|Jewish Theological Seminary of America is the academic center of Conservative Judaism.
0288380|Jewish Women, National Council of, is a 100,000-member volunteer organization in the United States that sponsors educational and community service programs for children, teen-agers, and the aged.
0288400|Jews are the descendants of an ancient people called the Hebrews.
0288420|Jew's-harp is a small musical instrument that is used mainly in folk music and by children.
0288485|Jiang Qing, (1914-1991), also spelled Chiang Ch'ing, was a Chinese political leader.
0288490|Jiang Zemin, (1927- ), became general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party in 1989.
0288495|Jicama is a type of climbing vine grown for its fleshy, edible tubers (thick underground stems).
0288510|Jidda, (pop. 1,210,000), is the chief seaport and air terminal of Saudi Arabia.
0288540|Jim Crow refers to practices, institutions, or laws that result from or support segregation of blacks from whites.
0288560|Jimenez, Juan Ramon (1881-1958), a Spanish poet, won the 1956 Nobel Prize for literature.
0288580|Jimenez de Quesada, Gonzalo, (1497?-1579), was a Spanish conqueror.
0288600|Jimmu Tenno, also called Jimmu, was supposedly the first emperor of Japan and founder of the family that has ruled Japan throughout its history.
0288610|Jimson weed, also called thorn apple, is a large, bushy, poisonous plant.
0288640|Jingoism is an attitude of boastful, warlike patriotism.
0288680|Jinnah, Muhammad Ali (1876-1948), was a leader in India's struggle for independence, and has been called the great leader and the founder of Pakistan.
0288700|Jinrikisha is a light two-wheeled cart once widely used as a taxicab in East Asian cities.
0288780|Jivaro Indians are a tribe famous for their fierceness and for their head shrinking.
0288800|Joan of Arc, Saint (1412?-1431), was a French national heroine who became a saint of the Roman Catholic Church.
0288840|Job, Book of, is a book of the Bible.
0288844|Job Corps is a United States government program that provides job training, education, and other services for disadvantaged young men and women.
0288860|Job's Daughters is an organization for girls associated with the men's fraternal society of Masons.
0288900|Jodl, Alfred, (1892?-1946), signed the unconditional surrender of Germany in Reims, France, in 1945.
0288910|Jodrell Bank Observatory, near Manchester, England, is one of the world's leading radio astronomy observatories.
0288920|Joel, Book of, is a book of the Bible named for an Israelite prophet.
0288960|Joffre, Joseph Jacques Cesaire, (1852-1931), commanded the French armies during the early part of World War I (1914-1918).
0288970|Joffrey, Robert (1930-1988), was an American ballet teacher and choreographer (creator of dances).
0288975|Jogging is a popular form of exercise and recreation in which a person runs at a steady, moderate pace.
0288980|Jogues, Saint Isaac (1607-1646), was a Jesuit missionary who worked among the Huron Indians in Canada.
0289020|Johannesburg, (pop. 712,507; met. area pop. 1,907,229), is a city in South Africa.
0289030|Johanson, Donald Carl (1943- ), an American anthropologist, is an authority on human origins.
0289060|John (1167?-1216), often called John Lackland, is remembered as one of England's worst kings and as the king who granted Magna Carta, the famous charter of liberties.
0289100|John III Sobieski, (1629-1696), was king of Poland when the Turkish menace to Christendom was at its height.
0289120|John VI (1767-1826), also known as Joao VI, was king of Portugal from 1816 to 1826.
0289130|John XXII (about 1245-1334) was elected pope in 1316.
0289135|John XXIII (about 1370-1419) was an antipope during a troubled period in church history called the Great Schism (1378-1417).
0289140|John XXIII (1881-1963) was elected pope in 1958, succeeding Pius XII.
0289160|John, Epistles of, are the 23rd, 24th, and 25th books of the New Testament.
0289210|John, Saint, was one of the 12 apostles of Jesus Christ.
0289220|John Birch Society is a conservative, anti-Communist organization in the United States.
0289280|John Bull is the name used for England and the English people, just as Uncle Sam stands for the United States and its people.
0289330|John Day Fossil Beds National Monument includes three areas in north-central Oregon that contain fossils of animals and plants that lived from about 55 million to about 10 million years ago.
0289365|John Howard Association is a private, nonprofit agency that works for fair and effective correctional programs in the United States.
0289400|John of Gaunt, (1340-1399), Duke of Lancaster, was an English soldier and political leader.
0289441|John Paul I (1912-1978) was elected pope of the Roman Catholic Church in 1978.
0289442|John Paul II (1920- ) was elected pope of the Roman Catholic Church in 1978.
0289460|John the Baptist, Saint (6 B.C.?-A.D. 28), in Christianity, was a prophet regarded as the forerunner of Jesus Christ.
0289530|Johns, Jasper (1930- ), is an American artist.
0289540|Johns Hopkins University is a private coeducational institution based in Baltimore.
0289580|Johnson, Andrew (1808-1875), the only President ever to be impeached, became chief executive upon the assassination of Abraham Lincoln.
0289590|Johnson, Charles Spurgeon (1893-1956), was an American sociologist and educator who studied and wrote about the life of blacks in the United States.
0289610|Johnson, Herschel Vespasian (1812-1880), was the Northern Democratic candidate for Vice President of the United States in 1860.
0289620|Johnson, Hiram Warren (1866-1945), was governor of California from 1911 to 1917 and a United States senator from 1917 to 1945.
0289640|Johnson, Hugh Samuel (1882-1942), was an American government administrator and soldier.
0289660|Johnson, Jack (1878-1946), an American boxer, was the first black to win the world heavyweight championship.
0289670|Johnson, James P. (1894-1955), was an American pianist and composer.
0289680|Johnson, James Weldon (1871-1938), was an African-American author.
0289690|Johnson, John Harold (1918- ), is one of the leading publishers in the United States.
0289700|Johnson, Lyndon Baines (1908-1973), like three other Vice Presidents in United States history, became chief executive upon the assassination of the President.
0289730|Johnson, Magic (1959- ), ranks as one of the greatest players in basketball history.
0289740|Johnson, Pauline (1861-1913), was a Canadian writer known for her poetry about Indian life.
0289760|Johnson, Philip Cortelyou (1906- ), is an American architect.
0289780|Johnson, Richard Mentor (1780-1850), was Vice President of the United States from 1837 to 1841 under President Martin Van Buren.
0289800|Johnson, Samuel (1709-1784), was the greatest English writer of his day and the subject of a famous biography by his friend James Boswell.
0289840|Johnson, Walter (1887-1946), was one of the greatest fast ball pitchers in baseball history.
0289860|Johnson, Sir William (1715-1774), was a British merchant, soldier, Indian agent, and landowner in colonial New York.
0289880|Johnson, William Samuel (1727-1819), a lawyer, political leader, and scholar from Connecticut, was a signer of the Constitution of the United States.
0289930|Johnson Foundation, Robert Wood, is one of the largest private charitable organizations in the United States and the largest one devoted to improving health and health care.
0289950|Johnson Space Center is the headquarters for all United States manned spacecraft projects conducted by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).
0289980|Johnston, Albert Sidney (1803-1862), was a Confederate general in the American Civil War (1861-1865).
0290040|Johnston, Joseph Eggleston (1807-1891), was a Confederate general in the American Civil War (1861-1865).
0290120|Johnstown (pop. 28,134; met. area 241,247) is a city in southwestern Pennsylvania.
0290200|Joint is the place at which two or more bones meet in the skeleton of the body.
0290220|Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) is the highest military advisory group in the United States.
0290240|Joint-stock company was a form of business organization in which the funds to carry on business were obtained by selling shares of stock to a number of individuals.
0290260|Joint tenancy is the ownership of a piece of property by two or more people.
0290300|Jojoba is an evergreen shrub that grows wild in desert regions of northwestern Mexico and the Southwestern United States.
0290381|Joliot-Curie, Irene, (1897-1956), was a French physicist known for her work with radioactivity, especially the production of artificial radioactive elements.
0290385|Jolliet, Louis, (1645-1700), also spelled Joliet, was a French-Canadian explorer who led an expedition down the Mississippi River.
0290400|Jolson, Al (1886-1950), was a popular American stage and motion-picture entertainer.
0290420|Jonah, Book of, is one of a group of books of the Bible called the Prophets.
0290470|Jones, Absalom (1746-1818), was a leader of the struggle to give black Americans control over their religious worship.
0290480|Jones, Bobby (1902-1971), an American golfer, was one of the greatest players in the history of the sport.
0290500|Jones, Casey (1863-1900), was an American railroad engineer who gave his life in a train crash to save his passengers and crew.
0290565|Jones, Ernest (1879-1958), a British physician, helped introduce the principles of psychoanalysis in the United States, Great Britain, and Canada.
0290580|Jones, Inigo (1573-1652), was the first major architect of the English Renaissance.
0290620|Jones, John Paul (1747-1792), is often called the Father of the American Navy.
0290630|Jones, Mary Harris (1830-1930), was a well-known figure in the United States labor movement in the late 1800's and early 1900's.
0290760|Jonquil is any of several yellow narcissuses that came from southern Europe and northern Africa.
0290780|Jonson, Ben (1572-1637), was an English playwright and poet.
0290820|Joplin, Scott (1868-1917), was the leading composer of ragtime, a lively, rhythmic kind of music written chiefly for the piano.
0290840|Jordan is an Arab kingdom on the East Bank of the River Jordan in the heart of the Middle East.
0290860|Jordan, Barbara Charline (1936-1996), became the first African American woman from a Southern state to serve in the United States Congress.
0290870|Jordan, Ernst Pascual (1902-1980), was a German physicist.
0290875|Jordan, Michael (1963- ), is one of the most exciting players in the National Basketball Association (NBA).
0290880|Jordan, River, the only important river of Israel and Jordan, rises in the springs of Mount Hermon in Syria.
0290890|Jordan, Vernon Eulion, Jr. (1935- ), is an American civil rights leader and lawyer.
0290920|Joseph was the husband of Mary, the mother of Jesus, and a descendant of David, the second king of Israel.
0290940|Joseph was the Hebrew boy who was sold into Egypt by his brothers and became the great prime minister of Pharaoh.
0290960|Joseph, Chief (1840?-1904), was a Nez Perce Indian chief.
0290980|Joseph of Arimathea, was a wealthy member of the Jewish Sanhedrin (ruling council) in Jerusalem at the time of Jesus.
0291000|Josephine (1763-1814) was the beloved wife of Napoleon Bonaparte, one of French history's most important figures.
0291020|Josephus, Flavius, (A.D. 37?-100?), was a Jewish historian.
0291040|Joshua, a lieutenant of Moses, led Israel in the conquest of Canaan (later called Palestine) after Moses' death.
0291060|Joshua Tree National Park is in southern California near the town of Twentynine Palms.
0291080|Josiah was one of the last and most unselfish rulers of Judah.
0291120|Jouett, Jack (1754-1822), a Revolutionary War patriot, earned the nickname Paul Revere of the South.
0291160|Joule, a unit in the metric system of measurement, is used to measure work or energy.
0291180|Joule, James Prescott (1818-1889), a British physicist, helped prove the law of conservation of energy.
0291220|Journalism is one of the most important professions.
0291300|Joyce, James (1882-1941), an Irish novelist, revolutionized the treatment of plot and characterization in fiction.
0291310|Joyner-Kersee, Jackie (1962- ), an American athlete, became the first woman to win consecutive heptathlon championships at the Olympic Games.
0291330|Juan Carlos I, (1938- ), is the king of Spain.
0291360|Juan Fernandez is the name of a group of three islands that lie about 400 miles (640 kilometers) west of Chile in the Pacific Ocean.
0291370|Juana Ines de la Cruz, (1648-1695), was the greatest poet of the baroque movement in colonial Latin-American literature.
0291380|Juarez, (pop. 789,522), is Mexico's largest city on the border with the United States.
0291400|Juarez, Benito Pablo, (1806-1872), was one of the greatest Mexican political leaders.
0291440|Judah, in the Old Testament, was the fourth son of Jacob and Leah.
0291490|Judah Maccabee was the leader of the Jews in their struggle for independence in the 100's B.C.
0291500|Judaism is the religion of the world's approximately 13 million Jews.
0291520|Judas Iscariot was the apostle who betrayed Jesus Christ.
0291600|Jude, Epistle of, is a short letter that forms the 26th book of the New Testament.
0291620|Jude, Saint, was one of the 12 apostles of Jesus Christ.
0291640|Judea was the name of a country in southern Palestine in ancient times.
0291660|Judge is an officer of the government who presides over a law court.
0291670|Judge advocate general is the officer in charge of legal matters in the United States Army, Navy, or Air Force.
0291680|Judges, Book of, is a book of the Bible that describes the history of the tribes of Israel from about the 1100's to the 900's B.C.
0291720|Judgment, in law, is the decision of a court.
0291740|Judgment involves understanding and acknowledging how two or more ideas may be alike or how they may be different.
0291770|Judicial Conference of the United States is the principal administrative body of the U.S. judicial system.
0291860|Judith is the heroine of the Book of Judith, one of the Apocryphal books of the Old Testament.
0291880|Judo is a sport in which a person uses balance, leverage, and timing to pin or throw an opponent.
0291900|Judson, Adoniram, (1788-1850), a Baptist clergyman, was largely responsible for the founding of the first American Congregationalist and Baptist foreign missionary societies.
0291960|Juggernaut is the name of a famous Hindu temple and idol at Puri, in the state of Orissa, India.
0292000|Juggling is throwing and catching more than one object in one hand, or three or more objects in two hands.
0292040|Jugular vein is the name of each of four large veins that return blood to the heart from the head and neck.
0292060|Juilliard, Augustus (1836-1919), an American merchant, financier, and philanthropist, was an outstanding patron of music.
0292080|Juilliard Musical Foundation, supports the Juilliard School in New York City.
0292100|Juilliard School, in New York City, is a leading school for the performing arts.
0292140|Julian (A.D. 331-363) was the last Roman emperor to oppose Christianity.
0292160|Julian, Percy Lavon (1899-1975), was a famous American research chemist.
0292180|Julian calendar was devised in 46 B.C. by the order of Julius Caesar.
0292200|Juliana, (1909- ), was the queen of the Netherlands from 1948 to 1980.
0292222|Julius II (1443-1513) was the most vigorous and forceful of all the Renaissance popes.
0292280|July is the seventh month of the year according to the Gregorian calendar, which is used in almost all the world today.
0292300|July Revolution of 1830 took place in Paris when the French people revolted against King Charles X and brought Louis Philippe to the throne.
0292360|Jumna River, in northern India, forms one of the most important branches of the Ganges River.
0292400|Jumping bean, the seed of a Mexican shrub, is famous for its quick, jumping movements.
0292440|Jumping mouse is a small animal that usually moves by hopping.
0292460|Junco is a small bird related to the finches.
0292480|June is the sixth month of the year according to the Gregorian calendar, which is used in almost all the world today.
0292540|Juneau, (pop. 26,751), is the capital of Alaska.
0292560|Junebug, also called June beetle or May beetle, is a name for several large brown beetles often seen in the United States during May and June.
0292580|Jung, Carl Gustav (1875-1961), was a Swiss psychiatrist and psychologist who developed the field of analytical psychology.
0292600|Jungfrau, an important mountain in the Swiss Alps, rises 13,642 feet (4,158 meters) above sea level.
0292620|Jungle is an area of lush, tropical vegetation.
0292665|Junglefowl is the name of a group of birds that live in southern Asia and the East Indies.
0292740|Junior Achievement is an organization that provides students with educational and practical opportunities to learn how the American business system operates.
0292800|Junior high school is a school designed mainly for students in the seventh, eighth, and ninth grades.
0292820|Junior Leagues are community service organizations for women from age 18 through 45.
0292900|Juniper is the common name of a group of evergreen shrubs and small trees of the cypress family.
0292940|Junius letters, appeared in a London newspaper, the Public Advertiser, between 1769 and 1772.
0292960|Junk is a wooden sailing vessel used in China and other countries of the Far East.
0293010|Junkers were wealthy landowners of Prussia.
0293020|Juno was the sister and wife of Jupiter, king of the gods of Roman mythology.
0293040|Junta is a small group that takes over a government and rules by decree.
0293080|Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system.
0293100|Jupiter was king of the gods and ruler of the universe in Roman mythology.
0293120|Jura is a mountain range that lies between the Rhine and Rhone rivers.
0293200|Jury is a group of citizens which hears the testimony in legal disputes and determines what it believes is the truth.
0293210|Just, Ernest Everett (1883-1941), an American biologist, received the first Spingarn Medal, which is awarded annually to a black who has had outstanding achievement in his or her field.
0293240|Justice, Department of, is an executive department of the United States government.
0293260|Justice of the peace is an officer of a township, county, or other small unit of government in some states.
0293320|Justin the Martyr, Saint (100?-165?), was the first prominent defender of the Christian faith against non-Christians.
0293340|Justinian I, (A.D. 482-565), was the Byzantine (East Roman) emperor from A.D. 527 until his death.
0293360|Justinian Code was a collection of early Roman laws and legal principles.
0293380|Jute is a long, soft, shiny fiber that can be spun into coarse, strong threads.
0293400|Jutes were members of one of three tribes that conquered most of England between about A.D. 450 and the late 500's.
0293420|Jutland, Battle of, was the only major fight between the fleets of Germany and Britain in World War I.
0293440|Juvenal, (A.D. 60?-130?), was a Roman poet known for his 16 biting satires.
0293460|Juvenile court is a special court that handles cases involving children who have committed crimes or who need the care and protection of society.
0293480|Juvenile delinquency usually refers to the violation of a law by a juvenile.
0293500|K is the 11th letter of our alphabet.
0293520|K2, also called Mount Godwin Austen or Dapsang, is the world's second highest mountain.
0293560|Kaaba, also spelled Caaba, is the most sacred shrine of Islam.
0293570|Kabbalah is the traditional name for the teachings of Jewish mysticism.
0293600|Kabul, (pop. 1,036,407), is the capital and largest city of Afghanistan.
0293640|Kachina is the name of a religious ceremony of the Hopi Indians and of carved wooden dolls used in the ceremony.
0293650|Kadar, Janos, (1912-1989), ruled Hungary from 1956 to 1988 as first secretary of the Communist Party.
0293670|Kaesong, (pop. 345,642), is a commercial and industrial center in southern North Korea.
0293700|Kafir is the name of a group of grain sorghums imported originally from Africa (see SORGHUM ).
0293720|Kafka, Franz, (1883-1924), was a Czech writer who gained worldwide fame only after World War II.
0293790|Kahn, Louis Isadore (1901-1974), was a major American architect and teacher.
0293880|Kaiser was the title used by rulers of the German Empire.
0293890|Kaiser, Georg, (1878-1945), was a German expressionist playwright.
0293900|Kaiser, Henry John (1882-1967), an American industrialist, attracted national attention during World War II by the speed with which he built ships.
0294000|Kala-azar is a disease that affects humans and animals.
0294020|Kalahari Desert is a large, dry sandy basin that covers about 190,000 square miles (500,000 square kilometers) in southern Africa.
0294100|Kalb, Johann, (1721-1780), was a German-born military officer who served in the American army during the Revolutionary War in America (1775-1783).
0294120|Kale is a vegetable somewhat like cabbage but with loose, curly leaves instead of a head.
0294140|Kaleidoscope is a small tube in which you can see beautiful colors and designs.
0294260|Kaliningrad, (pop. 406,000), is the westernmost port city of Russia.
0294420|Kamakura period, in Japanese history lasted from 1185 to 1333.
0294440|Kamchatka Peninsula, extends southward from eastern Siberia, in Russia, between the Bering Sea and the Sea of Okhotsk.
0294480|Kamehameha I, (1758?-1819), founded the Kingdom of Hawaii.
0294520|Kamikaze was a type of Japanese pilot who flew suicide missions during World War II (1939-1945).
0294540|Kamloops (pop. 67,057) is a city at the junction of the north and south branches of the Thompson River in south-central British Columbia.
0294560|Kampala, (pop. 773,463), is the capital and largest city of Uganda.
0294620|Kanawha River is one of the chief waterways of West Virginia.
0294680|Kandinsky, Wassily, (1866-1944), was a Russian artist.
0294700|Kane, Paul (1810-1871), was the first artist to paint an extensive record of Indian life in western Canada.
0294710|Kanem was one of the longest-lasting empires in history.
0294720|Kangaroo is a type of furry mammal that hops on its hind legs.
0294760|Kangaroo court is a slang term for an unauthorized gathering of people who take the law into their own hands by acting as a court.
0294780|Kangaroo rat is a rodent that jumps around like a kangaroo on long, powerful hind legs.
0294790|Kanishka, (?-A.D. 160?), was the greatest ruler of the Kushan Empire, which flourished in what is now Pakistan, Afghanistan, and northwest India from about A.D. 50 to the mid-200's.
0294820|Kanpur, (pop. 1,879,420; met. area pop. 2,111,284), is the largest city in Uttar Pradesh, a state in northern India.
0294840|Kansa Indians, or Kaw Indians, were a Plains tribe who lived along the Kansas River in eastern Kansas.
0294860|Kansas leads all the states of the United States in wheat production.
0294880|Kansas, University of, is a state-supported coeducational school with campuses in Kansas City, Lawrence, and Wichita.
0294900|Kansas City, Kans. (pop. 149,767), is an industrial city in the northeast corner of the state.
0294920|Kansas City, Mo., is the largest city in the state and a Midwestern center of commerce, industry, and transportation.
0294940|Kansas-Nebraska Act was passed by Congress in 1854.
0295060|Kant, Immanuel (1724-1804), was an important German philosopher.
0295140|Kaolin is a pure white clay made of feldspar that has decomposed.
0295220|Kapok is a light, soft, lustrous, cottonlike fiber.
0295260|Kara Sea, an arm of the Arctic Ocean, lies off the northern coast of Siberia, between the Kara Strait and the Severnaya Zemlya Islands.
0295280|Karachi, (pop. 5,208,170), is the largest city and chief port of Pakistan.
0295300|Karajan, Herbert von (1908-1989), was one of the leading symphony orchestra and opera conductors of the 1900's.
0295340|Karakul is a fat-tailed sheep from which we get pelts called broadtail, Persian lamb, and caracul.
0295350|Karakum is a large desert that occupies most of Turkmenistan.
0295370|Karan, Donna (1948- ), is a leading American fashion designer who creates clothes primarily for executive businesswomen.
0295400|Karate is a form of unarmed combat in which a person kicks or strikes with the hands, elbows, knees, or feet.
0295420|Karelia is an autonomous republic in Russia.
0295510|Karloff, Boris (1887-1969), was a British actor known for his chilling performances in American horror motion pictures.
0295520|Karlovy Vary, also called Karlsbad (pop. 58,541), is a famous health resort in the Czech Republic.
0295560|Karma is an important concept in several Eastern religions, especially Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism.
0295650|Karsh, Yousuf, (1908- ), a Canadian photographer, became famous for his portraits of leading international figures in politics, literature, and the arts.
0295653|Kart racing is a sport involving small, open racing cars that seat one person.
0295680|Kashmir, also spelled Cashmere, is a large area on the border between India and Pakistan.
0295700|Kasparov, Garry (1963- ), a Russian chess player, became the youngest world champion in chess history.
0295710|Kassebaum, Nancy Landon (1932- ), has been a United States senator from Kansas since 1978.
0295790|Kathmandu, (pop. 235,160), also spelled Katmandu, is the capital and largest city of Nepal.
0295800|Katmai National Park is in southwestern Alaska.
0295900|Katydid is a large green or brown insect with long antennae (feelers).
0295930|Kauffmann, Angelica (1741-1807), was a Swiss-born painter.
0295940|Kaufman, George S. (1889-1961), was an American playwright.
0295960|Kaunas, (pop. 400,000), is the second largest city of Lithuania.
0295970|Kaunda, Kenneth David (1924- ), served as president of Zambia from 1964 to 1991.
0295980|Kava is the name of two shrubs related to the pepper plant.
0296020|Kawasaki disease is a serious illness of young children.
0296040|Kayak is a light, narrow boat that has an enclosed deck.
0296060|Kaye, Danny (1913-1987), a comedian, became noted for his lively pantomimes and his command of ingenious songs.
0296080|Kaye, Nora (1920-1987), was an American ballerina.
0296100|Kazakhstan is a country in west-central Asia.
0296120|Kazan, (pop. 1,103,000), is the capital of Tatarstan, a republic in Russia.
0296130|Kazan, Elia, (1909- ), became one of America's best-known stage and screen directors.
0296140|Kazantzakis, Nikos, (1883-1957), was a Greek author.
0296160|Kea is a parrot that lives in New Zealand.
0296181|Kean, Edmund (1787-1833), was considered the greatest and most influential English actor of his time.
0296220|Kearny, Philip (1814-1862), was a Union general in the American Civil War (1861-1865).
0296240|Kearny, Stephen Watts (1794-1848), an American general, commanded the western armies of the United States in the Mexican War (1846-1848).
0296270|Keaton, Buster (1895-1966), was an American motion-picture actor.
0296300|Keats, John (1795-1821), was an English poet of the romantic period.
0296310|Keck Telescope is the largest optical telescope in the world.
0296520|Keeshond is a Dutch dog of Arctic descent, related to the Samoyed, chow chow, and Pomeranian.
0296580|Kefauver, Estes, (1903-1963), a United States congressman from Tennessee, won fame in 1950 as head of a U.S. Senate committee investigating organized crime.
0296590|Keillor, Garrison (1942- ), is a popular American radio host, humorist, and writer.
0296700|Keller, Gottfried, (1819-1890), was the most famous Swiss author who wrote in German before the 1900's.
0296720|Keller, Helen Adams (1880-1968), is an outstanding example of a person who conquered physical disabilities.
0296740|Kelley, Florence (1859-1932), was an American social reformer.
0296820|Kellogg, Frank Billings (1856-1937), was an American lawyer, diplomat, and statesman.
0296840|Kellogg, W. K. (1860-1951), was an American cereal manufacturer.
0296850|Kellogg-Briand Peace Pact, also called Pact of Paris, condemned the use of war to solve international problems and called for peaceful settlement of disputes.
0296860|Kellogg Foundation is a philanthropic organization that administers funds for educational and charitable purposes.
0296940|Kelly, Gene (1912-1996), became a popular American dancer, choreographer (dance creator), actor, and director.
0296960|Kelly, George Edward (1887-1974), an American playwright, became known for realistic, carefully constructed social comedies.
0296980|Kelly, Grace (1929-1982), Princess Grace of Monaco, was a famous American motion-picture actress before she married Prince Rainier III of Monaco in 1956 (see RAINIER III ).
0296990|Kelly, Sharon Pratt (1944- ), was the first black woman mayor of a major American city.
0297080|Keloid is a mass of scar tissue that occurs at the site of a cut.
0297100|Kelp is any of a variety of large, brown seaweeds that grow underwater and on rocky shores.
0297160|Kelvin, Lord (1824-1907), was one of the great British physicists of the 1800's.
0297200|Kemble, Fanny (1809-1893), a British author and actress, lived many years in the United States and became known for her strong antislavery beliefs.
0297210|Kemp, Jack French (1935- ), a New York Republican, served as secretary of housing and urban development under President George Bush from 1989 to 1993.
0297230|Kenai Fjords National Park lies in south-central Alaska.
0297300|Kenna, John Edward (1848-1893), was an American statesman.
0297320|Kennan, George Frost (1904- ), an American diplomat, is credited with developing the U.S. policy to prevent Soviet expansion after World War II.
0297340|Kennebec River, flows for about 165 miles (266 kilometers) through southern Maine.
0297380|Kennedy is the name of a family that became prominent in American government, politics, and business.
0297390|Kennedy, Anthony McLeod (1936- ), became an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States in 1988.
0297400|Kennedy, Edward Moore (1932- ), a Democrat from Massachusetts, has been a member of the United States Senate since 1962.
0297420|Kennedy, John Fitzgerald (1917-1963), was the youngest man ever elected President, and he was the youngest ever to die in office.
0297480|Kennedy, Robert Francis (1925-1968), served as attorney general of the United States from 1961 to 1964 and as U.S. senator from New York from 1965 to 1968.
0297497|Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts is a national cultural center in Washington, D.C.
0297530|Kennedy Space Center, on the east coast of Florida, is the launch facility for all United States manned space missions.
0297540|Kenny, Elizabeth (1880-1952), an Australian nurse, developed a method of treating poliomyelitis (see POLIOMYELITIS ).
0297600|Kensington rune stone is a stone slab inscribed with early Germanic characters called runes.
0297620|Kent, James (1763-1847), was an American legal authority.
0297640|Kent, Rockwell (1882-1971), was an American painter, illustrator, printmaker, and author.
0297670|Kenton, Stan (1912-1979), was an American bandleader, pianist, and composer.
0297680|Kentucky is one of the border states that lie between the North and the South of the United States.
0297700|Kentucky, University of, is a coeducational state university in Lexington, Ky.
0297720|Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions were declarations passed by the Kentucky and Virginia state legislatures.
0297740|Kentucky coffeetree is a broadleaf tree of eastern North America.
0297780|Kentucky Derby is the most famous horse race in the United States.
0297790|Kentucky Lake is an artificially created lake in western Kentucky and Tennessee.
0297860|Kenya is a country on the east coast of Africa.
0297900|Kenyatta, Jomo, (1890?-1978), was the first president of Kenya.
0298000|Kepler, Johannes, (1571-1630), a German astronomer and mathematician, discovered three laws of planetary motion.
0298005|Keratin is a tough, insoluble protein found in the outer layer of the skin of human beings and many other animals.
0298040|Kerensky, Alexander Feodorovich, (1881-1970), was an early leader in the Russian Revolution of 1917.
0298120|Kern, Jerome (1885-1945), an American composer, wrote the music for many musical comedies and motion pictures.
0298130|Kern, John Worth (1849-1917), was the Democratic candidate for Vice President of the United States in 1908.
0298180|Kerosene is an important petroleum product, used chiefly as fuel.
0298200|Kerouac, Jack (1922-1969), was an American author and a leader of the beat movement of the 1950's and 1960's.
0298300|Kerry blue terrier is the national dog of Ireland.
0298400|Kestrel is the name of 13 species of small, brightly colored birds in the falcon family.
0298460|Ketchikan, (pop. 8,263), is often called Alaska's First City or Gateway.
0298480|Ketchup is a food-seasoning sauce.
0298540|Kettering, Charles Franklin (1876-1958), was an American engineer and inventor.
0298560|Kettle hole is a bowl-shaped hollow in the loose rocks and other material that have been deposited by a melting glacier.
0298700|Key is a musical term used to tell the tonal system in which a musical composition is written.
0298740|Key, Francis Scott (1779-1843), was a well-known Washington lawyer and amateur verse writer.
0298780|Key West, Fla. (pop. 24,832), is the southernmost city in the continental United States.
0298840|Keynes, John Maynard (1883-1946), was an influential British economist.
0298920|KGB was, until 1991, a government agency of the Soviet Union.
0298940|Khachaturian, Aram Ilich, (1903-1978), was an important Soviet composer.
0299030|Khalid, (1913-1982), served as king of Saudi Arabia from 1975 until his death.
0299060|Khan is the word now used for mister in Afghanistan and other parts of central Asia.
0299120|Kharkov, (pop. 1,618,000), is a machinery center in Ukraine.
0299140|Khartoum, (pop. 476,218; met. area pop. 817,364), is the capital of Sudan.
0299220|Khoikhoi are a yellow-skinned people of southern Africa.
0299245|Khomeini, Ruhollah (1900?-1989), an Islamic religious leader, was the chief political figure of Iran from 1979 until his death in 1989.
0299260|Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeyevich, (1894-1971), was the leader of the Soviet Union from 1958 to 1964.
0299280|Khufu was a king of ancient Egypt who lived about 2600 B.C.
0299300|Khyber Pass is one of the most famous mountain passes in the world.
0299320|Kibbutz, (plural kibbutzim), is a form of Jewish community in Israel in which no one owns private property.
0299350|Kickapoo Indians are a tribe who lived in the Great Lakes region of the United States before white settlers arrived there.
0299380|Kidd, William (1645?-1701), was a famous Scottish-born pirate and privateer.
0299400|Kidnapping is the act of seizing and holding a person against his or her will.
0299420|Kidney is a complex organ in human beings and all other vertebrates.
0299450|Kidney stone is a hard object that forms in the kidneys.
0299480|Kiefer, Anselm, (1945- ), a German painter, is one of the most important artists to appear since the end of World War II in 1945.
0299540|Kiel Canal is a waterway that provides a short cut for ships sailing between the North Sea and the Baltic Sea.
0299580|Kierkegaard, Soren Aabye, (1813-1855), a Danish philosopher and religious thinker, is considered one of the founders of existentialism.
0299620|Kiev, (pop. 2,616,000), is the capital and largest city of Ukraine.
0299640|Kigali, (pop. 156,650), is the capital and largest city of Rwanda.
0299660|Kikuyu are the largest ethnic group in Kenya, a nation in East Africa.
0299680|Kilauea is a volcano on the island of Hawaii.
0299720|Kilimanjaro is Africa's highest mountain.
0299760|Killarney, (pop. 7,837), is a town in southwestern Ireland.
0299800|Killdeer is a well-known plover (shore bird) that ranges from southern Canada to South America.
0299820|Killer whale, also called orca, is a large marine mammal.
0299840|Kilmer, Joyce (1886-1918), an American author, wrote many poems and essays, but is remembered for one short poem, "Trees.
0299880|Kilo is a prefix meaning thousand.
0299920|Kilogram is a unit of mass (quantity of matter) in the metric system.
0299950|Kilohertz is a unit used to measure the frequency of many kinds of vibrations and waves, such as radio and sound waves.
0299980|Kilometer is a unit of distance in the metric system.
0300000|Kilowatt is a unit of power in the metric system of measurement.
0300050|Kim Il Sung, (1912-1994), headed the government of North Korea from 1948, when the country was established, until his death in 1994.
0300060|Kimberley, (pop. 80,082), a city in South Africa, is one of the world's major diamond centers.
0300140|Kindergarten is the school grade that precedes first grade.
0300190|Kinesics is the scientific study of the body movements involved in communication, especially as they accompany speech.
0300300|King is a title denoting sovereignty.
0300316|King, Billie Jean (1943- ), an American tennis star, became one of the greatest women players in history.
0300318|King, Coretta Scott (1927- ), is an African-American supporter of civil rights and the widow of civil rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr.
0300370|King, Karl (1891-1971), was an American bandmaster and composer.
0300380|King, Martin Luther, Jr. (1929-1968), an African-American Baptist minister, was the main leader of the civil rights movement in the United States during the 1950's and 1960's.
0300400|King, Rufus (1755-1827), was an American statesman and a signer of the Constitution of the United States.
0300410|King, Stephen (1947- ), is a popular American writer of thrillers and horror fiction.
0300420|King, Thomas Starr (1824-1864), was a Unitarian minister, humanitarian, and orator.
0300450|King, William (1768-1852), led the campaign to make Maine a state in the early 1800's.
0300460|King, William Lyon Mackenzie (1874-1950), served as prime minister of Canada three times between 1921 and 1948.
0300480|King, William Rufus Devane (1786-1853), was elected Vice President of the United States in 1852 to serve under President Franklin Pierce.
0300620|King-Horn is the most important character in the first known English romance in verse, also named King-Horn.
0300700|King Peak is one of the 10 highest mountains in North America.
0300730|King Ranch is one of the largest privately owned ranches in the United States.
0300820|Kingbird, also called bee martin, is a type of bird in the flycatcher family.
0300840|Kingdom is the largest unit of biological classification.
0300900|Kingfish is the name given to many different fishes.
0300920|Kingfisher is the name of a large family of birds that have large heads and long, heavy, pointed bills.
0300960|Kinglet is the name of several tiny songbirds found in the Northern Hemisphere.
0301000|Kings, Books of, are two books in the Old Testament.
0301020|Kings Canyon National Park is a scenic wilderness in east-central California.
0301080|King's College, University of, was founded in Windsor, Nova Scotia, in 1789.
0301240|Kingsley, Charles (1819-1875), was a famous English author and clergyman.
0301260|Kingsley, Sidney (1906-1995), was an American dramatist.
0301270|Kingsnake is any one of a group of snakes, all of which prey on other snakes.
0301300|Kingston (pop. 104,041; met. area pop. 524,638) is the capital and chief port of Jamaica, an island nation in the West Indies.
0301320|Kingston, N.Y. (pop. 23,095), was the first capital of New York.
0301370|Kingstown (pop. 18,830) is the capital and largest city of St. Vincent and the Grenadines.
0301400|Kinkajou is a member of the raccoon family that can hang from tree branches by its long tail.
0301420|Kinnock, Neil Gordon (1942- ), served as leader of Great Britain's Labour Party from 1983 until 1992.
0301440|Kino, Eusebio, Francisco (1645-1711), was a Roman Catholic priest and explorer who founded at least 24 missions in the area that is now southern Arizona and northern Mexico.
0301445|Kinsey, Alfred Charles (1894-1956), an American biologist, was one of the first scientists to study human sexual behavior.
0301450|Kinshasa, (pop. 2,222,981), is the capital and largest city of Zaire.
0301480|Kiowa Indians are a tribe that lives largely in Oklahoma and elsewhere in the Southwestern United States.
0301520|Kipling, Rudyard, (1865-1936), was a leading English short-story writer, poet, and novelist.
0301625|Kiribati is a small country made up of 33 islands in the central Pacific Ocean.
0301630|Kirilenko, Andrei Pavlovich, (1906-1990), was an official of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
0301632|Kiritimati Atoll, also called Christmas Island, is one of the largest islands formed by coral in the Pacific Ocean.
0301635|Kirkland, Lane (1922- ), served as president of the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO) from 1979 to 1995.
0301637|Kirkpatrick, Jeane Jordan (1926- ), served as U.S. ambassador to the United Nations (UN) from 1981 to 1985.
0301660|Kirkwood, Samuel Jordan (1813-1894), a Republican, served as governor of Iowa and as a United States senator from that state.
0301665|Kirlian photography is the process of creating an image of an object by exposing the object to an electromagnetic field.
0301670|Kirstein, Lincoln Edward (1907-1996), was an important figure in the history of American ballet.
0301770|Kissinger, Henry Alfred (1923- ), served as secretary of state from 1973 to 1977.
0301860|Kitchen Cabinet was a nickname the enemies of President Andrew Jackson gave to a group of his political advisers.
0301920|Kitchener, (pop. 168,282; met. area pop. 356,421), is a city in southern Ontario.
0301940|Kitchener, Horatio Herbert (1850-1916), was a distinguished British soldier.
0301960|Kite is a type of bird that preys on small animals.
0301980|Kite is an object that is flown in the air at the end of a line.
0302000|Kitimat, B.C. (pop. 11,305), is a community that was carved out of low, wooded land at the head of Douglas Channel on the North Pacific Coast.
0302060|Kittiwake is a gull that gets its name from its mournful cry.
0302140|Kiwanis International is an organization of local clubs of business and professional men and women who are interested in community service.
0302160|Kiwi is a New Zealand bird that cannot fly.
0302165|Kiwi fruit is a berry with a brown, fuzzy skin and is similar in size and shape to an egg.
0302180|Klaipeda, (pop. 191,000), is the third largest city in Lithuania.
0302200|Klamath Indians are a tribe of southwestern Oregon.
0302300|Klee, Paul (1879-1940), ranks among the greatest and most original masters of modern painting.
0302310|Klein, A. M. (1909-1972), was a Canadian poet, novelist, short-story writer, and journalist.
0302315|Klein, Calvin (1942- ), is an American fashion designer famous for his stylish yet casual designs aimed at the active woman.
0302320|Klein, Lawrence Robert (1920- ), an American economist, won the 1980 Nobel Prize in economics.
0302330|Kleist, Heinrich von, (1777-1811), was a German writer.
0302340|Klemperer, Otto (1885-1973), was a famous conductor of opera and of symphony orchestras.
0302360|Kleptomania is a recurrent failure to resist the impulse to steal things.
0302365|Klimt, Gustav (1862-1918), was an Austrian artist.
0302370|Kline, Franz (1910-1962), was an American abstract expressionist artist noted for his large, starkly simple, black-and-white paintings.
0302420|Klondike is a region in the Yukon Territory of northwestern Canada, where one of the world's greatest gold rushes took place.
0302485|Knee is the joint where the thighbone meets the large bone of the lower leg.
0302560|Knife is a cutting instrument used as an eating utensil, a tool, or a weapon.
0302570|Knight, Bob (1940- ), is one of the most successful coaches in college basketball history.
0302620|Knight, Eric (1897-1943), was an English author.
0302700|Knighthood, Orders of. Knights of the Middle Ages banded themselves together in groups called orders.
0302740|Knights and knighthood. The word knight comes from the Old English word cnight, which means a household retainer.
0302785|Knights Hospitallers were members of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem, a religious and military order.
0302800|Knights of Columbus (K. of C.) is an international organization of Roman Catholic men and their families.
0302820|Knights of Labor was one of the most important early labor organizations in America.
0302860|Knights of Pythias is a fraternal order to which members of any religion may belong.
0302880|Knights of Saint John is a fraternal organization of Roman Catholics founded in New York in 1886.
0302980|Knights Templars were members of a religious military order of Christian knighthood.
0303000|Knitting is a method of making fabric by looping yarns around each other using one or more knitting needles.
0303020|Knitting machine is a device that makes fabric by forming loops in yarn and linking them to one another by means of needles.
0303050|Knopf, Alfred A. (1892-1984), was a leading American book publisher.
0303100|Knossos, also spelled Cnossus, was the chief center of the Minoan civilization, which flourished on Crete and some Aegean Sea islands from about 3000 to 1150 B.C.
0303120|Knot is a unit of speed used for ships and aircraft.
0303160|Knots, hitches, and splices are methods used to tie ropes or to fasten them together.
0303170|Knotweed is the name of a large group of weeds found in the northern part of the United States and in Canada.
0303180|Know-Nothings were members of certain secret societies that flourished in the United States from 1852 to 1860.
0303220|Knox, Frank (1874-1944), was a prominent American politician and publisher.
0303240|Knox, Henry (1750-1806), was an American Revolutionary War general and the nation's first secretary of war.
0303260|Knox, John (1514?-1572), led the Protestant Reformation in Scotland.
0303340|Knoxville, (pop. 165,121; met. area pop. 585,960), is one of the largest cities in Tennessee.
0303400|Koala is an Australian mammal that looks like a teddy bear.
0303420|Kobe, (pop. 1,477,410), is one of the most important seaports of Japan.
0303470|Kobuk Valley National Park, is in northwestern Alaska.
0303480|Koch, Robert (1843-1910), a German physician, played a key role in helping bacteriology develop as a science during the 1800's.
0303500|Kocher, Emil Theodor, (1841-1917), a Swiss surgeon, is best remembered for his pioneer work on the thyroid gland.
0303560|Kodaly, Zoltan, (1882-1967), was a Hungarian composer, music historian, and educator.
0303600|Koestler, Arthur (1905-1983), was a Hungarian-born novelist and essayist.
0303650|Kohl, Helmut, (1930- ), became the first chancellor of reunified Germany in 1990.
0303660|Kohler, Wolfgang (1887-1967), a psychologist, contributed to the development of Gestalt psychology.
0303700|Kohlrabi is a garden vegetable that is grown for its large, edible stem.
0303800|Kokoschka, Oskar (1886-1980), was an Austrian painter associated with the expressionist movement.
0303820|Kola nut, also spelled cola, is the seed of several types of evergreen trees that are native to West Africa.
0303900|Kollwitz, Kathe, (1867-1945), was a German printmaker and sculptor who became known for her social protest themes.
0303960|Komodo dragon is the largest living lizard.
0303980|Komondor is a breed of dog that was raised for centuries to guard livestock on the Hungarian plains.
0304080|Kongo was an African kingdom that lasted from the 1400's to the early 1700's.
0304130|Konigsburg, Elaine (1930- ), an American children's author and illustrator, won the 1968 Newbery Medal for From the Mixed-Up Files of Mrs. Basil E. Frankweiler.
0304200|Kookaburra is the name of a group of woodland kingfishers that live in Australia and New Guinea.
0304280|Kopeck is a Russian coin of brass.
0304300|Koran is the sacred book of the Muslims.
0304320|Korea is a land in eastern Asia that consists of two states.
0304360|Korean War was the first war in which a world organization, the United Nations (UN), played a military role.
0304520|Kosciuszko, Thaddeus, (1746-1817), was a Polish patriot who fought for the independence of the United States and Poland.
0304540|Kosher, also spelled kasher, is a Hebrew word that means fit or proper.
0304550|Kosice, (pop. 196,161), is the chief industrial center of Slovakia.
0304580|Kossuth, Lajos, (1802-1894), a Hungarian national hero, led the unsuccessful Hungarian rebellion of 1848-1849.
0304620|Kosygin, Aleksei Nikolaevich, (1904-1980), served as premier of the Soviet Union from 1964 to 1980.
0304640|Koufax, Sandy (1935- ), became one of the greatest pitchers in the history of baseball.
0304680|Kouprey is a type of wild cattle that lives in Cambodia, in Southeast Asia.
0304700|Koussevitzky, Serge, (1874-1951), was a Russian-born symphony orchestra conductor.
0304830|Krakatau is a volcano that lies in the Sunda Strait of Indonesia, between the islands of Sumatra and Java.
0304860|Krakow, (pop. 751,300), is a city that lies on the Vistula River in south-central Poland.
0304870|Kravchuk, Leonid Makarovich (1934- ), was president of Ukraine from 1991 to 1994.
0304900|Krebs, Sir Hans Adolf (1900-1981), a German biochemist working in England, shared the 1953 Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine.
0304980|Kreisler, Fritz (1875-1962), ranks as one of the best-loved violinists of all time.
0305000|Kremlin is a fortified enclosure within a Russian city.
0305020|Kreps, Juanita Morris (1921- ), a labor economist, served as secretary of commerce from 1977 to 1979 under President Jimmy Carter.
0305040|Kresge Foundation is a private philanthropic institution.
0305150|Krill are small, shrimplike animals that live in oceans throughout the world.
0305220|Kroeber, Alfred Louis (1876-1960), an American anthropologist, became noted for his studies of the Indians of California and his contributions to the theoretical study of human culture.
0305300|Kruger, Paulus (1825-1904), was a South African statesman and soldier.
0305340|Krumgold, Joseph (1908-1980), was an American author of children's books.
0305350|Krupa, Gene (1909-1973), was the first jazz musician to popularize the drum as a solo instrument.
0305365|Krupp was the name of one of Germany's leading industrial families.
0305370|Krupskaya, Nadezhda Konstantinovna, (1869-1939), was a Russian revolutionary leader and the wife of V. I. Lenin.
0305420|Krypton is a chemical element that makes up only about one-millionth of the earth's atmosphere.
0305480|Ku Klux Klan is a group of white secret societies who oppose the advancement of blacks, Jews, and other minority groups.
0305500|Kuala Lumpur, (pop. 937,875), is the capital and largest city of Malaysia.
0305560|Kublai Khan, (1216-1294), the grandson of Genghis Khan, founded the Mongol, or Yuan, dynasty that ruled China from 1279 to 1368.
0305570|Kubrick, Stanley (1928- ), is an American motion-picture director.
0305590|Kuchma, Leonid Danylovich, (1938- ), was elected president of Ukraine in 1994.
0305600|Kudu is a large antelope.
0305620|Kudzu is a fast-growing climbing vine common in the southern part of the United States.
0305690|Kuiper, Gerard Peter (1905-1973), was an American astronomer who made important studies of the planets.
0305720|Kukui, also called candlenut, is the state tree of Hawaii.
0305800|Kumquat is a citrus fruit related to the mandarin.
0305900|Kurds are a people of a mountainous region of southwest Asia.
0305920|Kuril Islands is a chain of islands that stretches 775 miles (1,247 kilometers) from the Kamchatka Peninsula of Russia to Hokkaido Island of Japan.
0305950|Kurosawa, Akira, (1910- ), became the first Japanese motion-picture director to gain worldwide fame.
0306025|Kush, also spelled Cush, was a kingdom along the Nile River in what is now northeastern Sudan.
0306035|Kushan Empire, flourished in what is now Pakistan, Afghanistan, and northwestern India from about A.D. 50 to the mid-200's.
0306060|Kutenai Indians, also spelled Kootenay, formed a tribe in what is now southeastern British Columbia, northwestern Montana, and northern Idaho.
0306100|Kuvasz is a large, powerful dog.
0306120|Kuwait is a small Arab country in southwestern Asia, at the north end of the Persian Gulf.
0306140|Kuwait, (pop. 44,335), is the capital and chief port of the country of Kuwait.
0306170|Kuznets, Simon (1901-1985), was an American economist who won the 1971 Nobel Prize in economics.
0306200|Kwakiutl Indians, live on the northwest coast of North America.
0306225|Kwanzaa is an Afro-American holiday based on the traditional African festival of the harvest of the first crops.
0306230|Kwashiorkor is a disease caused by a severe lack of complete protein.
0306240|Kyanite is a pale-blue mineral commonly found in metamorphic rocks (see METAMORPHIC ROCK ).
0306260|Kyd, Thomas (1558-1594), was an English playwright who greatly influenced the development of Elizabethan drama.
0306340|Kyoto, (pop. 1,461,103), is one of Japan's largest cities.
0306370|Kyrgyzstan, formerly known as Kirghiz, is a mountainous country in central Asia.
0306390|Kyzylkum is a desert that lies in southern Kazakhstan and northern Uzbekistan in central Asia.
0306400|L is the 12th letter of our alphabet.
0306520|Labor, Department of, is an executive department of the United States government.
0306600|Labor Day is a holiday honoring working people.
0306610|Labor force is the segment of a nation's population that works for pay or is actively seeking work.
0306670|Labor movement is a term that refers to the efforts of workers as a group to improve their economic position.
0306720|Labor Statistics, Bureau of (BLS), is an agency of the United States Department of Labor.
0306760|Laboratory is a place equipped with apparatus for conducting experiments, investigations, and learning activities.
0306780|Laboratory school is a school used for the observation and study of children, and for the evaluation of teaching methods.
0306790|Laborers' International Union of North America, formerly called the Hod Carriers' Union, is a trade union affiliated with the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations.
0306800|Labour Party is one of the two main political parties in Britain.
0306820|Labrador is a large peninsula in northeastern Canada.
0306840|Labrador Current is a cold ocean current that rises in the Arctic Ocean.
0306880|Labrador retriever is a very popular breed of dog trained to bring back game that has been shot.
0306900|Labrador tea is the name of five kinds of small evergreen plants in the heath family.
0306945|La Brea tar pits are one of the world's richest known sources of Ice Age fossils.
0306960|La Bruyere, Jean de, (1645-1696), was a French satirist.
0306980|Laburnum is a small tree with bright yellow blossoms.
0307020|Labyrinth was a place with many confusing paths and passageways.
0307040|Lac is a sticky substance given off by a kind of scale insect.
0307080|Laccadive Islands are a group of tiny coral islands off the southwestern coast of India.
0307120|Lace is a decorative fabric that consists of an open, netlike pattern of threads.
0307180|La Ceiba, (pop. 61,900), a chief Caribbean port of Honduras, lies 115 miles (185 kilometers) north of Tegucigalpa.
0307200|Lacewing is an insect with thin and delicate wings.
0307350|Lackland Air Force Base, Texas, provides six weeks of basic training for all men and women who enlist in the United States Air Force.
0307420|Lacquer is a shiny, protective film used on metals, woods, and porcelain.
0307440|Lacquerware is a decorative object made by coating an article, such as a box, dish, tray, or vase, with many layers of varnish.
0307460|La Crosse, Wis. (pop. 51,003; met. area pop. 116,401), is a manufacturing and trading center at the junction of the La Crosse, Black, and Mississippi rivers in the southwestern part of the state.
0307480|Lacrosse is a fast game adopted from the North American Indians.
0307520|Lactation is the giving of milk by mammals.
0307560|Lactic acid is the common organic acid found in milk and other dairy foods that have turned "sour.
0307620|Ladewig, Marion (1914- ), is recognized as the greatest woman bowler of all time.
0307760|Lady is a member of the nobility or the wife of a nobleman.
0307840|Ladybug, also called ladybird or lady beetle, is a small beetle with a round body shaped like half a pea.
0307900|Lady's-slipper, also called moccasin flower, is any one of several showy wild flowers of the orchid family.
0307940|Laennec, Rene Theophile Hyacinthe, (1781-1826), a French physician and surgeon, invented the stethoscope in 1816.
0307950|Laetrile is a drug that was popular in the 1970's as a treatment for cancer.
0307960|La Farge, John (1835-1910), was an American painter.
0307980|La Farge, Oliver (1901-1963), was an American author and anthropologist.
0308030|La Fayette, Madame de (1634-1693), was a French novelist.
0308040|Lafayette, Marquis de (1757-1834), was a French soldier and statesman.
0308100|Laffite, Jean, (1780?-1826?), also spelled Lafitte, was a New Orleans smuggler, pirate, and patriot.
0308120|La Follette is the name of an American family that was prominent in politics and social reform.
0308140|La Fontaine, Jean de, (1621-1695), a French poet, is famous for his Fables (1668-1694).
0308160|LaFontaine, Sir Louis Hippolyte, (1807-1864), was a French-Canadian political leader.
0308240|Lagerfeld, Karl (1938- ), is an important German-born fashion designer.
0308260|Lagerkvist, Par Fabian, (1891-1974), a Swedish novelist, playwright, and poet, won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1951.
0308280|Lagerlof, Selma (1858-1940), a Swedish writer, won the 1909 Nobel Prize for literature.
0308300|Lagoon is a shallow body of water that is separated from the open sea.
0308320|Lagos, (pop. 1,097,000), is the largest city of Nigeria.
0308340|Lagrange, Joseph-Louis (1736-1813), was a French mathematician.
0308400|La Guaira, (pop. 26,154), is Venezuela's main port.
0308420|La Guardia, Fiorello Henry, (1882-1947), gained national fame as the mayor of New York City from 1934 to 1945.
0308440|La Guardia Airport, on Flushing Bay in Queens County, N.Y., serves the New York City metropolitan area.
0308480|Lahore, (pop. 2,952,689), is the second largest city in Pakistan.
0308530|Laird, Melvin Robert (1922- ), served as secretary of defense under President Richard M. Nixon from January 1969 to January 1973.
0308540|Laissez faire is a theory of economic policy which states that government generally should not interfere with decisions made in an open, competitive market.
0308580|Lake is a body of water surrounded by land.
0308600|Lake is a coloring substance that will not wash out.
0308620|Lake Agassiz was the largest glacial lake in North America.
0308640|Lake Albano lies in the crater of an extinct volcano in west-central Italy.
0308660|Lake Albert, also called Albert Nyanza, is one of the sources of the Nile River.
0308680|Lake Athabasca is the fourth largest lake entirely within Canada's borders.
0308710|Lake Baikal, also spelled Lake Baykal, is the deepest lake in the world.
0308740|Lake Balkhash is a large lake in the southeastern part of Kazakhstan.
0308760|Lake Bangweulu is a shallow depression about 50 miles (80 kilometers) long and 30 miles (48 kilometers) wide in northern Zambia (formerly Northern Rhodesia).
0308820|Lake Chad is a large lake in north-central Africa.
0308840|Lake Champlain is a long, narrow lake on the border between New York and Vermont, with its northern tip extending into Quebec.
0308880|Lake Charles (pop. 70,580; met. area pop. 168,134) is an industrial and shipping center in southwestern Louisiana.
0308890|Lake Clark National Park is in southern Alaska, across Cook Inlet from Anchorage.
0308900|Lake Como is one of the most beautiful sites in Europe.
0308920|Lake Constance, called Bodensee in German, lies in a basin of the upper Rhine River Valley at the eastern end of the Swiss Plateau, where the borders of Germany, Switzerland, and Austria meet.
0308940|Lake dwelling. Early peoples in Europe sometimes built dwelling places in lakes or at the edges of lakes or creeks.
0308960|Lake Edward is one of the sources of the Nile River.
0308980|Lake Erie, on the border between the United States and Canada, is the farthest south of the five Great Lakes of North America (see GREAT LAKES ).
0309040|Lake Eyre is a large, shallow body of salt water in South Australia.
0309060|Lake Forest College is a private, coeducational liberal arts college in Lake Forest, Ill.
0309100|Lake Geneva is one of the largest lakes in central Europe.
0309180|Lake Huron is one of the five Great Lakes of North America.
0309220|Lake Ilmen is a freshwater lake in the northwestern part of Russia.
0309240|Lake Itasca is the source of the Mississippi River.
0309260|Lake Ladoga, in northwestern Russia, is the largest lake located entirely in Europe.
0309280|Lake Louise, located in Banff National Park in southern Alberta, is called Pearl of the Canadian Rockies.
0309300|Lake Lugano lies in the southern foothills of the Alps.
0309320|Lake Maggiore lies northwest of Milan, Italy, in the foothills of the Alps.
0309340|Lake Manitoba lies in the south-central part of Manitoba.
0309360|Lake Maracaibo is the trade waterway of the farming and rich petroleum region of northwestern Venezuela.
0309380|Lake Mead is the reservoir behind Hoover (Boulder) Dam.
0309420|Lake Michigan is the largest body of fresh water in the United States.
0309450|Lake Nasser was formed when waters of the Nile River were blocked by the Aswan High Dam in Egypt.
0309500|Lake Nicaragua lies in western Nicaragua, about 12 miles (19 kilometers) east of the Pacific Ocean and 70 miles (113 kilometers) west of the Caribbean Sea.
0309520|Lake Nyasa is the southernmost of a chain of large freshwater lakes in the Great Rift Valley of eastern Africa.
0309540|Lake of Lucerne lies in central Switzerland.
0309550|Lake O' The Cherokees is an artificially created lake in northeastern Oklahoma.
0309560|Lake of the Ozarks was formed by the completion of the Bagnell Dam on the Osage River in 1931.
0309580|Lake of the Woods lies on the boundary between Canada and the United States.
0309600|Lake of Thun lies 1,830 feet (558 meters) above sea level in the Bernese Alps in central Switzerland.
0309640|Lake Okeechobee is the largest lake in the Southern United States.
0309660|Lake Onega is one of the largest lakes in Europe.
0309700|Lake Ontario is the smallest and most eastern of the five Great Lakes.
0309710|Lake Ouachita is an artificially created lake near Hot Springs, Ark.
0309720|Lake Peipus lies on the border between Estonia and Russia.
0309740|Lake Placid is one of the small, beautiful lakes in the Adirondack Mountains of Essex County, New York.
0309760|Lake Poets were William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, and Robert Southey.
0309780|Lake Pontchartrain is a beautiful lake of brackish water in southeastern Louisiana.
0309795|Lake Powell is one of the largest artificially created lakes in the world.
0309820|Lake Saint Clair, together with the St. Clair River on the north and the Detroit River on the south, forms a waterway connecting Lakes Huron and Erie.
0309900|Lake Superior, one of the five Great Lakes of North America, is the largest body of fresh water in the world.
0309920|Lake Tahoe is a beautiful, oval-shaped, glacial lake that lies in a valley of the Sierra Nevada on the California-Nevada border.
0309940|Lake Tana, also called Tsana, lies in northwestern Ethiopia.
0309960|Lake Tanganyika, in east-central Africa, is the world's longest freshwater lake and the second deepest.
0309965|Lake Texoma is one of the largest artificially created lakes in the United States.
0309980|Lake Titicaca is the highest navigable lake in the world.
0310000|Lake Torrens is a shallow body of salt water in South Australia.
0310030|Lake Turkana is a long, narrow lake in east-central Africa.
0310140|Lake Victoria, or, in Bantu, Victoria Nyanza, is the largest lake in Africa and the second largest freshwater lake in the world.
0310150|Lake Volta, in central Ghana, is one of the world's largest artificially created lakes.
0310200|Lake Winnebago, the largest lake in Wisconsin, covers 215 square miles (557 square kilometers) in the east-central part of the state.
0310220|Lake Winnipeg, in south-central Manitoba, is the third largest lake lying entirely within Canada.
0310240|Lake Winnipegosis lies in the lowlands of southern Manitoba.
0310280|Lake Xochimilco was one of four lakes that filled the Valley of Mexico at the time of the Spanish conquest in 1521.
0310360|Lakeland terrier is a breed of dog that originated in the 1800's in the Lake District of northern England.
0310380|Lakes of Killarney are three famous lakes of great beauty in County Kerry, in southwestern Ireland.
0310460|La Leche League International is an organization of women who offer information and encouragement to mothers who want to breast-feed their babies.
0310480|Lalo, Edouard, (1823-1892), was a French composer.
0310500|Lamaism is a form of Buddhism practiced in Tibet and Mongolia.
0310540|Lamar, Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus, (1825-1893), a Mississippi statesman and politician, worked for good feeling between the North and the South after the Civil War.
0310600|Lamarck, Chevalier de, (1744-1829), was a French biologist and botanist.
0310620|Lamartine, Alphonse de, (1790-1869), was a French writer and statesman.
0310640|Lamb is meat obtained from sheep that are less than 1 year old.
0310660|Lamb, Charles (1775-1834), was an English author.
0310680|Lamb, Willis Eugene, Jr. (1913- ), an American atomic physicist, shared the 1955 Nobel Prize with Polykarp Kusch.
0310760|Lamb's-quarters is a tall weed related to beets and spinach.
0310800|Lame Duck Amendment is a popular name for Amendment 20 to the United States Constitution.
0310820|Lamentations is a book of the Hebrew Bible, or Old Testament, that mourns the destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple in 587 or 586 B.C.
0310830|Lamer, Antonio (1933- ), became chief justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in 1990.
0310860|Laminating is a process of permanently bonding together two or more pieces of wood or other materials with glues, pressure, and sometimes heat.
0310900|Lammergeier is one of the largest vultures of the mountain regions of Africa, Asia, and Europe.
0310910|L'Amour, Louis, (1908-1988), was a popular American author known for his exciting novels about Western frontier life in America.
0310920|Lamp is any device made to produce light.
0311000|Lampman, Archibald (1861-1899), was one of the leading Canadian poets of the late 1800's.
0311020|Lamprey is a fish with a long eellike body.
0311080|Lancaster was the name of a branch of the Plantagenet royal family that ruled England from 1399 to 1461.
0311100|Lancaster, Pa. (pop. 55,551; met. area pop. 422,822), is the commercial center of Lancaster County, one of the richest farming regions in the United States and a popular tourist area.
0311180|Lancelot, Sir, was a great knight in medieval legends of King Arthur's Round Table and the central figure in several romances.
0311200|Lancewood is a tough, heavy wood used for such objects as archery bows, fishing rods, and tool handles.
0311260|Land, Edwin Herbert (1909-1991), an American inventor, scientist, and business executive, invented the Polaroid Land camera, the first instant camera.
0311360|Land-grant university is a school endowed under the Morrill, or Land-Grant, Act of 1862.
0311400|Land Management, Bureau of, is a United States government agency that administers about 270 million acres (110 million hectares) of public land.
0311580|Land reform is the breakup of large landholdings and the redistribution of the land to farmers who have little land or none.
0311630|Landers, Ann (1918- ), writes a popular newspaper column that gives advice and information to readers.
0311640|Landes, Bertha Knight (1868-1943), was the first woman mayor of a major United States city.
0311740|Landis, Kenesaw Mountain, (1866-1944), an American judge, served as the first commissioner of professional baseball.
0311780|Landon, Alfred Mossman (1887-1987), was the Republican candidate for President in 1936.
0311820|Landowska, Wanda (1879-1959), was a Polish pianist, composer, and harpsichordist.
0311880|Land's End, a cape in Cornwall, is the westernmost point of land in England.
0311900|Landscape architecture is a profession that involves the design and development of land for human use and enjoyment.
0311940|Landslide, in geology, is a mass of earth or rocks that slides down a slope.
0311960|Landsteiner, Karl (1868-1943), won the 1930 Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine for his discovery of the main types of human blood--A, B, AB, and O.
0312100|Lanfranc, (1005?-1089), was an important medieval teacher and scholar.
0312120|Lang, Andrew (1844-1912), was a Scottish scholar and author.
0312130|Lang, Fritz (1890?-1976), was a motion-picture director who made classic horror and suspense films in both Germany and the United States.
0312160|Langdon, John (1741-1819), was a New Hampshire signer of the Constitution of the United States.
0312165|Lange, David Russell (1942- ), served as prime minister of New Zealand from 1984 until 1989, when he resigned from office.
0312170|Lange, Dorothea, (1895-1965), was an American photographer known for her pictures of migratory farmworkers of the 1930's.
0312320|Langland, William (1330?-1400?), wrote Piers Plowman, a great English poem of the Middle Ages.
0312340|Langley, Samuel Pierpont (1834-1906), was an American astronomer, physicist, and pioneer in aeronautics.
0312360|Langley Air Force Base, Virginia, is the headquarters of the Air Combat Command (AAC) of the United States Air Force.
0312420|Langton, Stephen Cardinal (1165?-1228), one of England's greatest archbishops of Canterbury, was a famous theologian, Biblical scholar, and statesman.
0312440|Langtry, Lillie (1853-1929), was an English actress.
0312460|Language is human speech, either spoken or written.
0312480|Language arts is a term used in American elementary and secondary education to refer to training in reading, writing, and speaking, as distinguished from training in literary appreciation and scholarship.
0312510|Langur is any of about 15 species of monkeys that live throughout India and most of Southeast Asia.
0312520|Lanier, Sidney (1842-1881), was an American poet.
0312540|Lankester, Sir Edwin Ray (1847-1929), a British zoologist, did extensive research in comparative anatomy and embryology.
0312560|Lanolin is a substance obtained from the greasy coating found on sheep's wool.
0312580|Lansdowne, Marquess of, (1845-1927), was a British colonial administrator who served as governor general of Canada from 1883 to 1888.
0312600|Lansing (pop. 127,321) is the capital of Michigan and an automobile-manufacturing city.
0312620|Lansing, Robert (1864-1928), served as United States secretary of state under President Woodrow Wilson from 1915 to 1920.
0312700|Lanternfish is the name of a large group of small fish with pearllike organs that give off light.
0312760|Lanthanum is a soft, silvery-white metallic element.
0312765|Lanzhou, (pop. 1,460,000), also spelled Lan-chou, is the capital of Gansu Province in north-central China.
0312780|Laocoon, a Trojan priest, warned his people against the Greeks at Troy.
0312840|Laos is a country in Southeast Asia.
0312850|Laozi, according to legends, wrote the Laozi, one of the basic books of the Chinese philosophy called Taoism, also spelled Daoism.
0312860|Laparoscopy is a surgical technique used to examine organs and to detect and treat certain diseases within the abdomen.
0312880|La Paz, (pop. 976,800), is the largest city and chief commercial center of Bolivia.
0312940|Lapidary is the cutting and polishing of colored stones.
0312980|Lapis lazuli is a beautiful azure-blue stone used as an ornament.
0313020|Laplace, Marquis de, (1749-1827), a French astronomer and mathematician, became famous for his theory regarding the origin of the solar system.
0313040|Lapland is located in the extreme northern part of Europe, above the Arctic Circle.
0313140|Lapwing is a crested bird that lives in western Europe and the British Isles.
0313200|Laramie, (pop. 26,687) is one of the largest cities in Wyoming.
0313220|Laramie, Jacques, (?-1821?), was an American fur trapper who explored southeastern Wyoming.
0313260|Larceny is the crime of stealing a person's money or other personal property.
0313280|Larch is a tree that belongs to the pine family.
0313300|Lard is a solid or semisolid fat obtained by melting the fatty tissues of hogs.
0313320|Lardner, Ring (1885-1933), was an American journalist who achieved fame as the author of satirical short stories.
0313340|Laredo, Tex. (pop. 122,899; met. area pop. 133,239), on the Pan American Highway, is the chief port of entry on the U.S.-Mexico border.
0313360|Lares and penates were patron spirits of the home in the religion of ancient Rome.
0313460|Lark is a type of small songbird found mainly in Europe, Asia, and Africa.
0313500|Larkspur is the common name for a group of flowering plants that belong to the crowfoot family.
0313540|La Rochefoucauld, Duc de (1613-1680), was a French writer famous for his Maxims (1665).
0313560|La Rochelle, (pop. 73,744), is a city on the west coast of France that is famous for its historical religious importance.
0313580|Larson, Gary (1950- ), an American cartoonist, became famous for his single-panel cartoon called "The Far Side.
0313600|Larva is an active, immature stage of an animal.
0313620|Laryngitis is an inflammation of the tissues of the larynx, or voice box.
0313660|Larynx is a section of the air passage in the throat.
0313700|La Salle, Sieur de (1643-1687), was a French explorer.
0313760|Las Casas, Bartolome de, (1474-1566), was an early Spanish missionary to Hispaniola, an island in the West Indies.
0313800|Las Cruces, N. Mex. (pop. 62,126; met. area pop. 135,510), is the trading center for the rich farmlands of the Mesilla Valley.
0313820|Laser is a device that produces a very narrow, powerful beam of light.
0313860|Laski, Harold Joseph (1893-1950), a British political scientist, achieved fame as an educator and as a leader of the Labour Party.
0313900|Lassen Peak (10,457 feet, or 3,187 meters) is a volcano in northern California, at the southern end of the Cascade Mountains.
0313920|Lassen Volcanic National Park is located in northeastern California.
0313960|Lasso, Orlando di (1532-1594), was a Flemish composer during the Renaissance.
0314060|Las Vegas, (pop. 258,295; met. area pop. 852,737), the largest city in Nevada, is famous for its casinos and 24-hour entertainment.
0314080|Latakia, (pop. 234,000), is one of the largest cities and leading trading centers of Syria.
0314200|Latex is a milky substance that serves as the source of natural rubber.
0314300|Lathrop, Julia Clifford (1858-1932), was the first chief of the Children's Bureau of the United States Department of Labor.
0314340|Latimer, Hugh (1485?-1555), was a leader of the English Reformation, a movement to establish Protestantism in England.
0314345|Latimer, Lewis Howard (1848-1928), was a black American inventor and draftsman.
0314360|Latin America is a large region that covers all the territory in the Western Hemisphere south of the United States.
0314375|Latin-American literature consists of the literature of the Spanish-speaking countries of the Western Hemisphere, of Puerto Rico, and of Portuguese-speaking Brazil.
0314440|Latin language was the principal language of western Europe for hundreds of years.
0314480|Latin literature includes the essays, histories, poems, plays, and other writings of the ancient Romans.
0314580|Latitude, describes the position of a point on the earth's surface in relation to the equator.
0314600|Latium was an area in the central part of ancient Italy.
0314680|Latrobe, Benjamin Henry (1764-1820), was the first important professionally trained architect to practice in the United States.
0314700|Latter Day Saints, Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of, is a Christian denomination that originated in the early 1800's.
0314760|Latvia is a European nation that regained its independence in 1991, after more than 50 years of forced annexation to the Soviet Union.
0314800|Laud, William (1573-1645), was the dominant figure in the Church of England during the disputes that led to the English Civil War (1642-1649).
0314940|Laughton, Charles (1899-1962), was an English-born actor who won fame for his strong character roles.
0315020|Launfal, Sir, was a knight of King Arthur's Round Table in British legend.
0315080|Laura Ingalls Wilder Award is presented to an author or illustrator who has made "a lasting and substantial contribution" to children's literature.
0315120|Laurel is a family of trees and shrubs that grow mostly in tropical and subtropical areas.
0315150|Laurel and Hardy were the most popular comedy team in American motion-picture history.
0315152|Lauren, Ralph (1939- ), is an American fashion designer who created a vast retailing network and successful marketing program to sell his designs.
0315155|Laurence, Margaret (1926-1987), was a Canadian author.
0315160|Laurencin, Marie (1885-1956), was a French painter and designer.
0315260|Laurier, Sir Wilfrid (1841-1919), was the first French Canadian to become prime minister of Canada.
0315280|Lausanne, (pop. 125,004; met. area pop. 258,071), is a city in western Switzerland, on the north shore of Lake Geneva.
0315400|Lava is molten rock that pours out of volcanoes or from cracks in the earth.
0315420|Lava Beds National Monument is in northern California.
0315430|Laval, (pop. 314,398), is the second largest city in Quebec.
0315440|Laval, Pierre (1883-1945), was a French politician who collaborated with the Germans during World War II.
0315450|Laval de Montmorency, Francois Xavier de, (1623-1708), was the first Roman Catholic bishop of the city of Quebec.
0315460|Laval University, also called Universite Laval, is a coeducational school in Ste.-Foy, Que.
0315500|Lavender is the name of about 20 species of small bushes that bear fragrant flowers and leaves.
0315520|Lavender Pit, one of the world's largest open-pit copper mines, is located at Bisbee, Ariz.
0315530|Laver, Rod (1938- ), became one of the leading tennis players of all time.
0315540|Laveran, Charles Louis Alphonse (1845-1922), a French physician, discovered the parasite that causes malaria.
0315560|La Verendrye, Sieur de (1685-1749), Pierre Gaultier de Varennes, was a French-Canadian fur trader and explorer.
0315640|Lavoisier, Antoine Laurent (1743-1794), was a French chemist.
0315660|Law is the set of enforced rules under which a society is governed.
0315680|Law, Andrew Bonar (1858-1923), a British statesman, served as prime minister from 1922 to 1923.
0315690|Law, Bernard Francis Cardinal (1931- ), was appointed a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church by Pope John Paul II in 1985.
0315720|Law, John (1671-1729), a Scottish financier and gambler, tried to revive the French economy by opening a bank in 1716 to issue paper money.
0315740|Law Day U.S.A. is celebrated throughout the United States on May 1 to emphasize the importance of law in American life.
0315760|Law enforcement is the means by which a community, state, or country keeps order.
0315800|Lawless, Theodore Kenneth (1892-1971), a black American physician, became known for his work in the field of dermatology.
0315860|Lawn is an area or plot of ground that has a thick covering of closely cut grass.
0315880|Lawn bowling is a game in which the players roll wooden or plastic balls at a smaller target ball.
0315960|Lawrence, D. H. (1885-1930), was an English writer known chiefly for his novels.
0315980|Lawrence, Ernest Orlando (1901-1958), an American physicist, won the Nobel Prize in physics in 1939 for the invention and development of the cyclotron and for results obtained with it.
0316010|Lawrence, Jacob (1917- ), is an important African American painter.
0316020|Lawrence, James (1781-1813), a United States naval officer, commanded the Chesapeake in an attack on the British ship Shannon during the War of 1812.
0316080|Lawrence, T. E. (1888-1935), a British soldier and writer, became world famous as Lawrence of Arabia.
0316090|Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, in Berkeley, California, is one of the world's leading centers of research in basic energy and life sciences.
0316096|Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, in Livermore, California, is a research facility involved primarily in developing national security systems for the United States.
0316140|Lawrencium is an artificially produced radioactive element.
0316150|Lawson, Ernest (1873-1939), was an American painter.
0316160|Lawson, Robert (1892-1957), was an American author and illustrator of children's books.
0316220|Lawyer is a man or a woman licensed to represent people in a court of law or to counsel them on matters of law.
0316240|Laxative is a medicine that speeds the emptying of the bowels (intestines).
0316325|Layton, Irving (1912- ), is a Canadian poet.
0316340|Lazarus, in the account of John 11, was the brother of Mary and Martha of Bethany.
0316360|Lazarus, Emma (1849-1887), was an American poet.
0316380|Lazear, Jesse William (1866-1900), an American physician, became known for his work in controlling yellow fever.
0316460|Leacock, Stephen Butler (1869-1944), is the most popular humorist in Canadian literature.
0316480|Lead, a heavy, bluish-gray element, is one of the world's oldest known metals.
0316500|Lead, S. Dak. (pop. 3,632), is the site of Homestake mine, one of the largest gold mines in the United States.
0316600|Lead poisoning is an illness caused by excess lead in the body.
0316660|Leadville, Colo. (pop. 2,629), is often called Cloud City because it is the highest incorporated city in the United States.
0316700|Leaf is the main food-making part of almost all plants.
0316780|Leaf insect is an insect that looks much like a green leaf or a twig.
0316820|Leafhopper is one of a large group of small, slender insects that feed on plants.
0316830|Leafminer is a tiny beetle, moth, fly, or wasp which, in the larval stage, tunnels between the upper and lower surfaces of leaves.
0316840|League is a measure of length in the inch-pound system of units customarily used in the United States.
0316860|League of Nations was an international association of countries created to maintain peace among the nations of the world.
0316870|League of United Latin American Citizens is an organization of Spanish-speaking peoples in the United States.
0316880|League of Women Voters is a nonpartisan organization that promotes informed, active public participation in government.
0316930|Leakey family includes three noted anthropologists--a husband and wife and their son--who made important discoveries in eastern Africa concerning the origins of human beings.
0316935|Lean, Sir David (1908-1991), was a highly acclaimed English motion-picture director.
0316960|Leaning Tower of Pisa is a bell tower at Pisa, Italy.
0316980|Leap year has 366 days, or one more day than an ordinary year.
0317000|Lear, Edward (1812-1888), an English writer and artist, became famous for his humorous poems for children.
0317040|Learning is an important field of study in psychology.
0317050|Learning disabilities are disorders that damage a child's ability to learn.
0317060|Lease is an agreement that gives one person or company the right to possess property owned by another person or company.
0317070|Lease, Mary Elizabeth (1850-1933), was an American orator and reformer.
0317080|Leather is a tough, flexible material made from the skin of animals.
0317120|Leathercraft is the art of making useful and decorative objects out of leather.
0317180|Leavenworth, (pop. 38,495), is the oldest city in Kansas.
0317200|Leavenworth Prison is one of the six federal penitentiaries in the United States.
0317225|Leavis, F. R. (1895-1978), was one of the most important English literary critics of the 1900's.
0317230|Leavitt, Henrietta Swan (1868-1921), was an American astronomer.
0317240|Lebanon is a small country at the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea and the western end of Asia.
0317260|LeBlanc, Romeo, (1927- ), became governor general of Canada in 1995.
0317390|Le Carre, John (1931- ), is the pen name of David John Moore Cornwell, an English novelist.
0317480|Le Corbusier, (1887-1965), was the professional name of Charles Edouard Jeanneret-Gris, often considered the most important architect of the 1900's.
0317520|Lederberg, Joshua (1925- ), an American geneticist, shared the 1958 Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine.
0317600|Lee, Charles (1731-1782), was an officer in the American army during the Revolutionary War (1775-1783).
0317620|Lee, Doris Emrick (1905-1983), was an American artist.
0317640|Lee, Francis Lightfoot (1734-1797), was a Virginia signer of the Declaration of Independence.
0317650|Lee, Harper (1926- ), is an American author who became famous with her only novel, To Kill a Mockingbird (1960).
0317660|Lee, Henry (1756-1818), was a noted American cavalry leader during the Revolutionary War in America (1775-1783).
0317680|Lee, Jason (1803-1845), a Canadian-born Methodist missionary, is remembered as the first missionary to bring Christianity to the Indians of the Pacific Northwest.
0317700|Lee, Richard Henry (1732-1794), was a Virginia signer of the Declaration of Independence.
0317720|Lee, Robert Edward (1807-1870), was a great general who commanded the Confederate Army in the Civil War.
0317730|Lee, Spike (1957- ), is an American motion-picture director.
0317740|Lee, Tsung Dao (1926- ), shared the 1957 Nobel Prize in physics with Chen Ning Yang.
0317760|Lee Kuan Yew, (1923- ), was prime minister of Singapore from 1959 until 1990.
0317780|Lee Teng-hui, (1923- ), became president of the Republic of China (Taiwan) and chairman of the country's Nationalist Party in 1988.
0317800|Leech, also called bloodsucker, is a worm that has a disklike sucker at each end.
0317860|Leeds (pop. 674,400; met. area pop. 1,984,700) is the center of the clothing industry of West Yorkshire in England, one of the four divisions of the United Kingdom.
0317880|Leek is a vegetable related to the onion.
0317900|Leeuwenhoek, Anton van (1632-1723), a Dutch amateur scientist, was one of the first people to record observations of microscopic life.
0317940|Leeward Islands lie in the West Indies.
0317960|Left wing is a term that means a radical party or branch of a political group.
0317980|Leg is the limb that supports the body of a human being or animal.
0318000|Legacy is a disposition of personal property made by the terms of a will.
0318015|Legal aid is the name of any of several programs that provide legal service for people who cannot afford an attorney.
0318040|Legal tender is any type of money that must, by law, be accepted in payment of a debt.
0318100|Legation is a diplomatic mission from one nation to another that is headed by a minister.
0318140|Legend is a type of folk narrative.
0318200|Leger, Fernand, (1881-1955), was a French artist who developed a distinctive style that expresses the dynamics and tension of modern life in an industrialized society.
0318210|Leger, Jules, (1913-1980), was governor general of Canada from 1974 to 1979.
0318280|Legion was a division of the Roman army.
0318370|Legionnaires' disease is an infection that most commonly occurs as pneumonia, with symptoms of fever, cough, chest pain, and difficulty breathing.
0318420|Legislature is the lawmaking branch of a government.
0318450|Le Guin, Ursula, (1929- ), is an American author of science fiction and fantasy for children and adults.
0318460|Legume is any of the plants that belong to the pea family.
0318480|Lehar, Franz, (1870-1948), was the most important composer of operettas of the 1900's.
0318500|Le Havre, (pop. 197,219; met. area pop. 253,627), is the second busiest seaport city in France--after Marseille--and a major industrial center.
0318640|Lehmann, Lotte, (1888-1976), a German soprano, won fame as a concert and opera singer.
0318660|Lehmbruck, Wilhelm, (1881-1919), was a German sculptor.
0318720|Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm, (1646-1716), was a German philosopher, mathematician, and scholar.
0318760|Leicester is an industrial and historic city in central England.
0318780|Leicester, Earl of (1532?-1588), was an English nobleman who led a life of intrigue at the court of Queen Elizabeth I.
0318820|Leiden, also spelled Leyden (pop. 103,819; met. area pop. 174,501), lies 22 miles (35 kilometers) southwest of Amsterdam on the Rhine River.
0318900|Leipzig, (pop. 554,595), a city in Germany, is a trade, industrial, and cultural center.
0319030|Le Mans, (pop. 148,465; met. area pop. 189,107), is a city in northwestern France.
0319040|LeMay, Curtis Emerson (1906-1990), commanded the Strategic Air Command of the United States Air Force from 1948 to 1957.
0319080|Lemelin, Roger (1919- ), is a French-Canadian author and journalist.
0319090|Lemieux, Mario (1965- ), ranks among the leading players in the National Hockey League (NHL).
0319100|Lemming is a plump little animal related to the mouse.
0319160|Lemon is a small, oval, yellow citrus fruit.
0319200|Le Moyne, Charles, (1626-1685), Sieur de Longueuil, was a Canadian colonist and the first of a large family of French-Canadian heroes.
0319280|Lemur is a long-tailed mammal with fluffy fur.
0319300|Lena River is the chief waterway of a large district of eastern Siberia, in Russia.
0319360|Lend-Lease was a plan developed by the United States early in World War II (1939-1945) to aid the countries that were then fighting the Axis powers.
0319370|Lendl, Ivan, (1960- ), became one of the world's top tennis players.
0319380|L'Enfant, Pierre Charles, (1754-1825), a French engineer and architect, became the first modern city planner in the United States.
0319400|L'Engle, Madeleine (1918- ), is an American author best known for her children's books.
0319460|Lenin, V. I. (1870-1924), founded the Communist Party in Russia and set up the world's first Communist Party dictatorship.
0319490|Lennon, John (1940-1980), was a founding member of the Beatles, the most popular group in the history of rock music.
0319520|Lenoir, Jean Joseph Etienne, (1822-1900), a Belgian-born French inventor, built the first practical internal combustion engine in 1860.
0319580|Le Notre, Andre, (1613-1700), a French landscape designer, created many of the famous gardens of his day.
0319600|Lens is a piece of transparent material that has at least one curved surface.
0319660|Lent is a religious season observed in the spring by most Christians.
0319680|Lenticel is a round or long swelling on the bark of woody stems and roots that functions as a breathing pore.
0319700|Lentil is an ancient food plant.
0319740|Lenz's law is a principle of physics important in the design of electric generators.
0319755|Leo is the fifth sign of the zodiac.
0319761|Leo I, Saint (400?-461), was elected pope in 440.
0319762|Leo III, Saint (?-816), was elected pope in 795.
0319766|Leo IX, Saint (1002-1054), was elected pope in 1049.
0319767|Leo X (1475-1521), was pope during the climax of the Renaissance in Rome, but he also faced the beginnings of the Protestant Reformation.
0319768|Leo XIII (1810-1903), was elected pope in 1878.
0319820|Leon, (pop. 83,693), is the chief intellectual center and an important farm produce market in Nicaragua.
0319850|Leonard, Elmore (1925- ), is an American author best known for his crime novels.
0319860|Leonard, Sugar Ray (1956- ), an American boxer, won world professional boxing titles in five weight classes.
0319880|Leonardo da Vinci, (1452-1519), was one of the greatest painters and most versatile geniuses in history.
0319900|Leoncavallo, Ruggiero, (1857-1919), was an Italian opera composer.
0319920|Leonidas I, (?-480 B.C.), was a king of ancient Sparta.
0319940|Leonids are meteors that seem to come from the constellation Leo.
0319960|Leopard is a large member of the cat family.
0320000|Leopardi, Giacomo (1798-1837), was an Italian lyric poet.
0320030|Leopold, Aldo (1886-1948), was an American naturalist, wildlife biologist, and conservationist.
0320140|Leprosy, also called Hansen's disease, is a chronic infectious disease.
0320150|Lepton is one of the three major families of elementary particles.
0320160|Lerner, Alan Jay (1918-1986), was one of the greatest lyricists of the American musical theater.
0320200|Lesage, Alain Rene, (1668-1747), was a French novelist and dramatist.
0320220|Lesbos, also spelled Lesvos, is a mountainous Greek island in the Aegean Sea.
0320230|Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is a rare hereditary disease that can cause mental retardation.
0320330|Lesotho is a rugged, mountainous country that is completely surrounded by the Republic of South Africa.
0320340|Lespedeza is the name of a group of herbs and shrublike plants that grow in Asia, Australia, and North America.
0320390|Lessing, Doris (1919- ), is an English writer noted mainly for her novels.
0320400|Lessing, Gotthold Ephraim, (1729-1781), was a German playwright, critic, and philosopher.
0320430|Le Sueur, Pierre-Charles, (1657?-1704), was a French explorer and trader.
0320440|Lethal injection of drugs is the most frequently used method of executing criminals in the United States.
0320460|Lethbridge (pop. 60,974) is a city in southern Alberta.
0320470|Lethbridge, University of, is a coeducational provincially funded university in Lethbridge, Canada.
0320480|Lethe was one of five rivers in the underworld in Greek and Roman mythology.
0320560|Letter writing is a way of communicating a message in written words.
0320660|Lettuce is a popular vegetable used chiefly in salads.
0320700|Leucippus was a Greek philosopher who lived in the 400's B.C.
0320760|Leukemia is a kind of cancer in which abnormal white blood cells grow in an uncontrolled manner.
0320770|Leukocytosis is an increase in the number of leukocytes (white blood cells).
0320780|Leutze, Emanuel Gottlieb (1816-1868), gained fame as a painter of American historical subjects.
0320840|Levee is a wide wall built along the banks of rivers to keep them from flooding over the land.
0320860|Level is an instrument used by carpenters, plumbers, and others to determine if a surface is perfectly horizontal.
0320870|Levellers were political radicals in England during the mid-1600's who believed that all people deserved a voice in government.
0320880|Lever is one of the six simple machines for performing work.
0320945|Levesque, Rene, (1922-1987), served as premier of the Canadian province of Quebec from 1976 to 1985.
0320948|Levi-Strauss, Claude (1908- ), a French anthropologist, developed structuralism in the study of human culture.
0320970|Levine, Jack (1915- ), is an American artist who has won fame as a critic of life in the United States.
0320980|Levine, James (1943- ), is an American conductor and pianist.
0321000|Levites were a tribe of ancient Israel.
0321020|Leviticus is the third book of the Hebrew Bible, or Old Testament.
0321040|Levitt, William Jaird (1907-1994), was the first major builder of mass-produced housing in the United States.
0321060|Levittown, N.Y. (pop. 53,286), is an unincorporated residential community on Long Island.
0321160|Lewin, Kurt (1890-1947), was a leading child and social psychologist.
0321190|Lewis, Sir Arthur (1915-1991), a British economist, became the first black person to win the Nobel Prize in economics.
0321200|Lewis, C. S. (1898-1963), a British author, wrote more than 30 books, including children's stories, science fiction, and literary and religious works.
0321220|Lewis, Carl (1961- ), an American athlete, ranks among the greatest sprinters and long jumpers in track and field history.
0321260|Lewis, Francis (1713-1802), a New York signer of the Declaration of Independence, spent most of his fortune in support of the patriot cause during the American Revolutionary War.
0321340|Lewis, John Aaron (1920- ), is an American pianist and composer.
0321360|Lewis, John L. (1880-1969), was a powerful American labor leader.
0321380|Lewis, Meriwether (1774-1809), was an American explorer.
0321400|Lewis, Sinclair (1885-1951), gained international fame for his novels attacking the weaknesses he saw in American society.
0321480|Lewis and Clark expedition was an early exploration of the vast wilderness of what is now the Northwestern United States.
0321560|Lewiston (pop. 39,757) is the second largest city of Maine.
0321600|Lexington, Ky. (pop. 225,366; met. area pop. 405,936), is one of the nation's chief trading centers for tobacco.
0321700|Leyden jar was one of the first devices used to store an electric charge.
0321710|Leyster, Judith, (1609-1660), was a Dutch painter.
0321740|Lhasa, (pop. 105,866), is the capital and holy city of Tibet.
0321760|Lhasa apso is a dog that came originally from Lhasa, the capital of Tibet.
0321763|Li Bo, (701-762), was one of China's greatest poets.
0321800|Li Peng, (1928- ), is one of China's top leaders.
0321850|Li Yuan, (A.D. 566-635), a Chinese emperor, founded the Tang dynasty (A.D. 618-907).
0321880|Liana is the name for various vines found chiefly in tropical rain forests.
0321940|Libel is a written or printed statement that harms a person's reputation.
0321960|Liberal arts are the organized bodies of knowledge considered essential for a free human being.
0321970|Liberal Party is a major political party of Canada.
0321980|Liberal Party was a political organization in Britain.
0322000|Liberal Republican Party was a United States political party formed in 1872 to oppose the reelection of President Ulysses S. Grant.
0322020|Liberalism is a political and economic philosophy that emphasizes freedom, equality, and opportunity.
0322060|Liberia is a country on the west coast of Africa.
0322070|Libertarian Party is an American political party that favors increasing individual liberties by limiting government activities.
0322120|Liberty Bell is a treasured relic of the early days of American independence.
0322220|Liberty Island is an island in Upper New York Bay on which the Statue of Liberty stands.
0322230|Liberty League, also called the American Liberty League, was an organization that tried to rally public opinion against President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal.
0322260|Liberty Party was the first political party in the United States to give most of its attention to the slavery question.
0322300|Libido is a psychoanalytic term referring mainly to the energy of natural instincts or urges that motivate behavior.
0322320|Libra is the seventh sign of the zodiac.
0322340|Library is a collection of books, periodicals, films, recordings, computer databases, or other media.
0322360|Library of Congress, located just east of the United States Capitol, is one of the largest and most valuable research libraries in the world.
0322365|Library of Congress Classification is a system for arranging materials in a library.
0322400|Libreville (pop. 350,000) is the capital and largest city of Gabon.
0322420|Libya is an Arab country in northern Africa.
0322480|License means permission.
0322540|Lichen is an organism that consists of an alga and a fungus living as a single unit.
0322550|Lichtenstein, Roy (1923- ), an American painter, was one of the first artists in the pop art movement.
0322560|Lick Observatory is an astronomical observatory on top of Mount Hamilton, 50 miles (80 kilometers) southeast of San Francisco.
0322600|Licorice is an herb that contains both a valuable flavoring and compounds of medicinal value.
0322660|Lidice was a village in Czechoslovakia that German military forces destroyed in an act of revenge during World War II (1939-1945).
0322690|Lidocaine is a drug that can block pain sensation in a specific part of the body.
0322700|Lie, Trygve, (1896-1968), a Norwegian statesman, served as the first secretary-general of the United Nations.
0322720|Lie detector is a device that helps determine whether a person is telling the truth.
0322760|Liechtenstein is a tiny country in south-central Europe.
0322770|Lieder is the German word for songs.
0322780|Liege, (pop. 195,389), is a city in eastern Belgium.
0322800|Lien is a legal claim that one person has on the property of another as security for debt.
0322920|Lieutenant governor is a government official in the United States and Canada.
0322940|Life. People generally have little difficulty distinguishing living things from nonliving things.
0323000|Life cycle is the sequence of changes that a living thing passes through from a particular form in one generation to the development of the same form in another generation.
0323010|Life expectancy is a statistical measure of the average number of years that a group of people of a certain age may expect to live.
0323040|Life jacket is a device that is worn to keep afloat in water.
0323150|Lift is the term used in Britain and other Commonwealth countries for an elevator.
0323200|Ligament is fibrous tissue that holds organs of the body in place and fastens bones together.
0323240|Ligature is a thread that is used in surgery to tie a bleeding blood vessel.
0323260|Light is so common that we often take it for granted.
0323400|Light meter is an instrument used to measure the brightness of light.
0323440|Light-year is a unit used by astronomers to describe the distance to and between stars.
0323460|Lighthouse is a tower with an extremely strong light that serves as a navigational aid for mariners.
0323500|Lighting is a term that generally refers to artificial light--in most cases, electric light.
0323540|Lightning is a giant electrical spark in the sky.
0323580|Lightning rod is a device that protects homes and other buildings from damage by lightning.
0323640|Lignin is a complex substance formed by certain plant cells.
0323660|Lignite, also called brown coal, is a low-quality coal.
0323690|Lignum-vitae is the name of two species of trees that produce extremely hard wood.
0323740|Ligurian Sea is a broad portion of the Mediterranean Sea located between the Italian region of Liguria and the island of Corsica.
0323780|Lilac is a beautiful shrub that is loved throughout the world for its fragrant flowers.
0323800|Lilienthal, David Eli, (1899-1981), was the first chairperson of the United States Atomic Energy Commission.
0323840|Liliuokalani, Lydia Kamekeha, (1838-1917), reigned as queen of Hawaii from 1891 to 1893.
0323860|Lille, (pop. 178,301; met. area pop. 950,265), is an industrial city in northern France.
0323880|Lillie, Beatrice (1898-1989), a Canadian-born actress, won fame as one of the brightest and most natural comediennes of her time.
0323940|Lilly Endowment is one of the largest private foundations in the United States.
0323950|Lilongwe, (pop. 186,000) is the capital of Malawi, in southeast Africa.
0323960|Lily is one of the largest and most important plant families.
0324000|Lily of the valley is a fragrant garden flower.
0324020|Lima, (pop. 5,493,900; met. area pop. 6,053,900), is the capital and largest city of Peru.
0324060|Lima bean is the most nutritious member of the pea family.
0324080|Limbo, in Roman Catholic theology, is the home of souls who belong neither in heaven nor in hell.
0324100|Limbourg, Pol de, (?-1416), and his brothers Herman and Jean were noted manuscript painters called illuminators.
0324140|Lime is a rounded fruit that is pointed at both ends.
0324160|Lime is an important industrial chemical.
0324240|Limerick, (pop. 56,279), is the third largest city of the Republic of Ireland.
0324250|Limerick, is a form of humorous verse.
0324280|Limestone is a type of rock made up mostly of calcite, a mineral form of calcium carbonate.
0324380|Limited company is a business organization in which each shareholder is responsible only for the shares he or she holds.
0324400|Limnology is the scientific study of lakes, streams, ponds, and other bodies of fresh water.
0324430|Limon, Jose, (1908-1972), was an American dancer and choreographer (dance creator).
0324440|Limonite is a yellowish or brownish mineral deposit.
0324480|Limpet is a sea animal with a protective shell.
0324500|Limpopo River is an important river that flows for about 1,000 miles (1,600 kilometers) in southeastern Africa.
0324510|Lin Biao, (1907-1971), also spelled Lin Piao, was defense minister of China from 1959 to 1971.
0324520|Lin Yutang, (1895-1976), was a Chinese scholar and writer.
0324560|Lincoln (pop. 78,200) is a city in east-central England.
0324580|Lincoln (pop. 191,972; met. area pop. 213,641) is the capital of Nebraska and the state's second largest city.
0324600|Lincoln, Abraham (1809-1865), was one of the truly great men of all time.
0324620|Lincoln, Mary Todd (1818-1882), the wife of President Abraham Lincoln, was the daughter of Robert S. Todd, a banker of Lexington, Ky., and his wife, Eliza Parker Todd.
0324660|Lincoln, Robert Todd (1843-1926), the oldest son of President Abraham Lincoln, became a well-known statesman and lawyer.
0324700|Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts, in New York City, is the home for some of the nation's most important cultural activities.
0324720|Lincoln Highway stretches 3,385 miles (5,448 kilometers) from New York City to San Francisco.
0324740|Lincoln Memorial is a beautiful monument in Washington, D.C., that honors Abraham Lincoln.
0324780|Lincoln Park, Mich. (pop. 41,832), is a residential city in the southwestern part of the Detroit metropolitan area.
0324800|Lincoln Tunnel is a tunnel for motor traffic under the Hudson River.
0324840|Lincoln University was the first institution in the United States chartered to provide higher education for blacks.
0324860|Lincoln's Birthday is a legal holiday in about 30 states of the United States.
0324880|Lind, Jenny (1820-1887), a Swedish soprano, became one of the most famous singers of the 1800's.
0324890|Lindbergh, Anne Morrow (1906- ), is an American poet and essayist.
0324900|Lindbergh, Charles Augustus (1902-1974), an American aviator, made the first solo nonstop flight across the Atlantic Ocean on May 20-21, 1927.
0324940|Linden is any of a group of graceful shade trees that grow in many parts of the Northern Hemisphere.
0324950|Lindner, Richard (1901-1978), was a German-born American painter.
0324980|Lindsay, Howard (1889-1968), was an American playwright best known for the many plays and stories for musical comedies he wrote with Russel Crouse.
0324990|Lindsay, John Vliet (1921- ), served as mayor of New York City from 1966 through 1973.
0325000|Lindsay, Vachel (1879-1931), was an American poet.
0325080|Line Islands, also called the Equatorial Islands, consist of 11 isolated, low coral islands in the central Pacific Ocean.
0325100|Line of Demarcation was an imaginary line drawn by Pope Alexander VI to settle land claims.
0325145|Linear electric motor is a device that generates motion along a straight path.
0325180|Linen is the yarn or cloth made from fibers of the flax plant.
0325260|Lingonberry is a small fruit related to the cranberry.
0325280|Linguistics is the scientific study of language.
0325300|Liniment is a liquid preparation that is used to treat certain aches and pains in the body.
0325340|Link, Edwin Albert (1904-1981), an American inventor and businessman, developed the mechanical trainer, a machine that imitates many of the conditions of aircraft flight, yet is permanently attached to the ground.
0325400|Linnaeus, Carolus, (1707-1778), a Swedish naturalist and botanist, established the modern scientific method of naming plants and animals.
0325420|Linnet is a small bird in the finch family.
0325440|Linoleum is a smooth-surfaced floor covering made from linseed oil.
0325480|Linotype is the brand name of a machine used to produce metal type for printing.
0325500|Linseed oil is an oil derived from the seeds of the flax plant.
0325520|Linsey-woolsey is a rough cloth made of linen and wool.
0325600|Linton, Ralph (1893-1953), was an American anthropologist.
0325640|Lion is a big, powerful cat.
0325700|Lions Clubs, International Association of, usually called Lions Clubs International, ranks as the world's largest service club organization.
0325740|Lip reading is the technique by which one person understands the speech of another without hearing any sounds.
0325780|Lipchitz, Jacques, (1891-1973), was a sculptor whose work represents many of the major movements in modern sculpture.
0325790|Lipid is one of a large group of oily or fatty substances essential for good health.
0325862|Lippi, Filippino, (1457?-1504), was an important painter of the Italian Renaissance.
0325865|Lippi, Filippo, (1406?-1469), was a leading painter of the Italian Renaissance.
0325880|Lippmann, Walter (1889-1974), was an American journalist who won worldwide fame as a political writer and philosopher.
0325890|Lippold, Richard (1915- ), is an American sculptor.
0325920|Lipton, Sir Thomas Johnstone (1850-1931), a British tea merchant, became famous as a yachtsman.
0325980|Liquid is one of the three basic states in which matter exists.
0326000|Liquid air is a product made by greatly reducing the temperature of air until it turns into a fluid.
0326010|Liquid crystal is a substance that has the properties of both a liquid and a crystal.
0326120|Lira is a unit of money in Italy and Turkey.
0326170|Lisbon (pop. 817,627; met. area pop. 2,062,200) is the capital and largest city of Portugal.
0326200|Lisgar, Baron (1807-1876), a British administrator, served as governor general of Canada from 1869 to 1872.
0326240|Lisping is a type of speech problem.
0326300|Lister, Sir Joseph (1827-1912), founded antiseptic surgery.
0326320|Liszt, Franz, (1811-1886), was a Hungarian pianist, composer, and teacher.
0326380|Litchi is an evergreen tree that bears red fruit.
0326400|Liter is a commonly used measure of capacity and volume in the metric system.
0326420|Literacy is the ability to read and write.
0326480|Literature, in its broadest sense, is everything that has ever been written.
0326500|Literature for children consists of the huge body of literature that has appeal for young readers--individuals from the preschool ages through the teens.
0326520|Litharge, also called lead monoxide (chemical formula, PbO), is a poisonous yellow or reddish-yellow solid, a compound of lead and oxygen.
0326540|Lithium is a soft, silvery-white metallic element, the lightest known metal.
0326560|Lithography is a printing process that has an important part in the fine arts and in commercial printing.
0326600|Lithuania is a European nation that regained its independence in 1991, after more than 50 years of forced annexation to the Soviet Union.
0326620|Litmus is a substance that is commonly used in chemistry to indicate whether a solution is an acid or a base.
0326690|Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument is in southeastern Montana.
0326920|Little League Baseball is an organization of baseball and softball programs for boys and girls 5 to 18 years of age.
0327000|Little Rock (pop. 175,795; met. area pop. 513,117) is the capital and largest city of Arkansas.
0327060|Little Sisters of the Poor is a religious congregation of women in the Roman Catholic Church.
0327100|Little Turtle (1752-1812) was a Miami Indian chief in what is now Indiana and Ohio.
0327140|Liturgy is a term that refers to acts of worship that are performed by the members of a religious group.
0327150|Liu Bang, also spelled Liu Pang (248?-195 B.C.), was a Chinese emperor who founded the Han dynasty.
0327220|Live oak is a beautiful evergreen oak that grows chiefly along the southeastern coast of the United States.
0327240|Liver is the largest gland in the human body and one of the most complex of all human organs.
0327280|Liverpool (pop. 448,300; met. area pop. 1,376,800) is a large commercial and manufacturing city in England.
0327300|Liverwort is a type of small plant.
0327320|Livestock are domestic animals that are used to produce food and many other valuable products.
0327370|Living will is a document that states the kind of medical care an individual would prefer if, due to injury or disease, the person could not communicate his or her wishes.
0327380|Livingston, Philip (1716-1778), an American statesman, was a New York signer of the Declaration of Independence in 1776.
0327400|Livingston, Robert R. (1746-1813), an American statesman, helped write the Declaration of Independence in 1776.
0327420|Livingston, William (1723-1790), was a New Jersey signer of the Constitution of the United States.
0327540|Livy, (59 B.C.-A.D. 17), was one of the greatest Roman historians.
0327560|Lizard is a reptile closely related to snakes.
0327580|Ljubljana, (pop. 276,133), is the capital and largest city of Slovenia.
0327600|Llama is the largest South American member of the camel family.
0327640|Llanfairpwllgwyngyll is a village in Wales.
0327680|Llanos, meaning level lands, is most often used to mean a great savanna (grassland with scattered trees) region in Venezuela and Colombia.
0327720|Lloyd, Harold Clayton (1894-1971), was a comedian who won fame in silent motion pictures.
0327730|Lloyd, Henry Demarest, (1847-1903), an American writer, won fame for revealing unfair business practices in the United States during the late 1800's.
0327780|Lloyd George, David (1863-1945), a British Liberal Party leader, served as prime minister during the last half of World War I (1914-1918).
0327790|Lloyd Webber, Andrew (1948- ), became the most popular composer of his time in English music theater.
0327800|Lloyd's is an insurance society popularly known as Lloyd's of London.
0327810|Loach is any of approximately 175 species of small, slender, freshwater fish.
0327860|Loam is a soil that is between sandy soil and clay soil in texture.
0327900|Loan company is an organization that lends money to individuals.
0327960|Lobbying is an attempt to influence the decisions of government officials.
0327985|Lobel, Arnold (1933-1987), was an American illustrator and writer of books for young children.
0328000|Lobelia is the name of a large genus (group) of plants that vary in form from small herbs to trees.
0328060|Lobster is the name of a number of animals that live on the bottom of the ocean.
0328100|Local government generally refers to the government of an area smaller than a country, state, or province.
0328120|Local option refers to the right of any political division, such as a city or state, to choose the conditions under which a law should apply in its own jurisdiction.
0328140|Locarno Conference, resulted in the Rhineland Security Pact and six other treaties.
0328200|Loch Lomond is the largest and one of the most famous of the Scottish lakes.
0328230|Loch Ness monster is a large animal that some people believe lives in Loch Ness, a lake in northern Scotland.
0328270|Lochner v. New York was a 1905 case in which the Supreme Court of the United States upheld the right of employer and employee to contract for working hours without government interference.
0328300|Lock is a device that prevents a door or other objects from being opened or moved.
0328340|Locke, Alain Leroy (1886-1954), was an American educator and a writer on black culture.
0328380|Locke, John (1632-1704), was an English philosopher.
0328440|Lockout occurs when an employer closes a plant in order to keep employees from working.
0328460|Lockwood, Belva Ann Bennett (1830-1917), was a reformer and woman-suffrage leader.
0328500|Locofocos was a nickname given in 1835 to radical members of the New York Democratic Party.
0328520|Locomotion, in zoology, is the act of animals moving.
0328540|Locomotive is a machine that moves trains on railroad tracks.
0328580|Locoweed is the name of a large group of poisonous herbs that grow in western North America.
0328600|Locust is any of about 20 plants native to North America.
0328620|Locust is a name that can refer to any short-horned grasshopper--that is, a grasshopper that has short antennae (feelers).
0328660|Lodestone, also spelled loadstone, is a hard black rock that exhibits magnetic properties.
0328681|Lodge, Henry Cabot (1850-1924), led Republican members of the Senate in a successful fight to keep the United States from joining the League of Nations after World War I.
0328682|Lodge, Henry Cabot, Jr. (1902-1985), served as a diplomat under four United States Presidents.
0328700|Lodge, Sir Oliver Joseph (1851-1940), an English physicist, investigated the nature of oscillations and electric waves in wires and in wireless telegraphy.
0328720|Lodz, (pop. 844,900), is the second largest city in Poland.
0328740|Loeb, Jacques, (1859-1924), an American physiologist, made important studies of the chemistry and physics underlying the activities of living organisms.
0328760|Loess is a kind of silt that forms a fertile topsoil in some parts of the world.
0328770|Loesser, Frank (1910-1969), an American composer, wrote the music and lyrics for many musical comedies and films.
0328805|Loffler, Friedrich August Johannes, (1852-1915), a German bacteriologist, identified the diphtheria bacillus in 1884, with the help of bacteriologist Edwin Klebs.
0328840|Lofting, Hugh (1886-1947), was the creator of Doctor Dolittle, a well-known character in children's fiction.
0328860|Log is an instrument that measures the speed of a ship.
0328880|Log cabin was one of the earliest dwellings built by European settlers in North America.
0328920|Logan (1725?-1786?), a Cayuga Indian chief, won fame for a stirring speech in 1774.
0328960|Logan, John Alexander (1826-1886), gained fame as a Union general and political leader.
0328980|Logan, Joshua (1908-1988), was an American director and dramatist.
0329040|Logan, Sir William Edmond (1798-1875), a Canadian geologist, gained fame for his pioneer work researching coal, glacial action, early fossil evidence of life, and ancient rocks.
0329045|Logan Act is a United States law that prohibits private citizens from opening negotiations with a foreign government on a dispute between that government and the United States.
0329060|Loganberry is a small, reddish-purple fruit that grows on a trailing blackberry plant.
0329080|Logarithms are numbers that are known in algebra as exponents.
0329100|Logbook is the official or legal written record of the events that take place during a ship's voyage.
0329180|Logic is a branch of philosophy that deals with the rules of correct reasoning.
0329200|Logistics is the practical art of providing and maintaining soldiers, equipment, and supplies for military operations.
0329260|Logrolling is the trading of votes as commonly practiced in legislative bodies.
0329280|Logwood comes from the core of a tree belonging to the pea family.
0329320|Loire River is the longest river in France.
0329340|Loki was a god of Norse mythology who was known as a troublemaker and trickster.
0329360|Lollards were followers of the English religious reformer John Wycliffe.
0329420|Lombard, Peter (1095?-1160), was a medieval theologian who wrote an important theological textbook, The Four Books of Sentences.
0329450|Lombardi, Vince (1913-1970), became one of the most successful coaches in National Football League (NFL) history.
0329460|Lombards were members of a Germanic tribe that conquered much of Italy in the late A.D. 500's, and threatened the political power of the popes.
0329480|Lombardy is a region in northern Italy.
0329540|Lome, (pop. 366,476), is the capital and largest city of Togo.
0329570|Lon Nol, (1913-1985), headed the government of Cambodia from 1970 to 1975.
0329580|London is the capital of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
0329600|London, Ont. (pop. 311,805; met. area pop. 381,522), is a distributing, financial, manufacturing, medical, and transportation center in the southern part of the province.
0329620|London, Jack (1876-1916), was an American author, journalist, and political activist.
0329660|London, Treaties of. Throughout history, many international treaties have been signed in London.
0329680|London, University of, is the largest traditional university in Britain.
0329720|London Bridge is one of 15 bridges in London that span the River Thames.
0329740|London Company was an association of "noblemen, gentlemen, and merchants" during the early days of the American Colonies.
0329800|Londonderry, (pop. 95,300), is Northern Ireland's second largest city.
0329890|Long is the name of the most powerful political family in Louisiana history.
0329900|Long, Crawford Williamson (1815-1878), became, in 1842, the first doctor to use ether as an anesthetic for surgery.
0329940|Long, Jane (1798-1880), was called the Mother of Texas because of her spirited defense of her children during pioneer days.
0329980|Long, Stephen Harriman (1784-1864), was an American explorer and railroad engineer.
0330000|Long Beach, Calif. (pop. 429,433), is a major industrial center and seaport in the southern part of the state.
0330060|Long Island (pop. 6,861,474) is an island that forms the southeastern part of New York.
0330120|Long Island Sound is a busy waterway that extends southwest between Connecticut and Long Island.
0330150|Long jump is a track and field contest in which athletes compete to see who can jump the farthest.
0330160|Long Parliament refers to a session of the English Parliament that lasted without a break from 1640 to 1653.
0330260|Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth (1807-1882), was the most widely published and most famous American poet of the 1800's.
0330310|Longinus is the name given to the unknown author of On the Sublime, an ancient Greek treatise (long essay) on literary criticism.
0330320|Longitude. If one person on the equator travels directly north, and another person 69 miles (111 kilometers) west also travels directly north, their paths will meet at the North Pole.
0330400|Longstreet, James (1821-1904), was a Confederate general in the Civil War (1861-1865).
0330540|Loon is a type of water bird with a sleek body for swimming and diving.
0330620|Loosestrife is the common name of certain flowering plants in either the primrose family or the loosestrife family.
0330685|Lopez Portillo, Jose, (1920- ), served as president of Mexico from 1976 to 1982.
0330700|Loquat is an orange or yellow fruit that has the shape and size of an egg.
0330740|Loran stands for long range navigation.
0330800|Lord is a title added to a person's name or to his office.
0330960|Lord's Prayer is the most widely said Christian prayer.
0331000|Lorelei is a high cliff that towers about 430 feet (131 meters) above the Rhine River between Mainz and Koblenz in southwestern Germany.
0331020|Lorentz, Hendrik Antoon, (1853-1928), was a Dutch physicist.
0331030|Lorenz, Konrad Zacharias, (1903-1989), an Austrian naturalist, was one of the founders of ethology, the study of animal behavior.
0331140|Loris is a slow-moving animal that lives in trees.
0331180|Lorne, Marquess of, (1845-1914), served as governor general of Canada from 1878 to 1883.
0331270|Los Alamos National Laboratory, in Los Alamos, N. Mex., is a leading research institution in the United States.
0331300|Los Angeles is a huge city in southern California.
0331400|Lost Colony is the name given to a settlement established in 1587 on Roanoke Island, off the coast of what is now North Carolina.
0331460|Lot, in the Book of Genesis, was the nephew of the patriarch Abraham.
0331500|Lott, Trent (1941- ), a Mississippi Republican, became majority leader of the United States Senate in June 1996.
0331520|Lottery is a popular form of gambling in which drawings are held for cash prizes.
0331540|Lotus is the common name for many different kinds of plants.
0331560|Lotus-eaters made up a race of people who were thought to live in North Africa.
0331580|Lotze, Rudolf Hermann (1817-1881), was a German philosopher.
0331660|Lough Neagh, in Northern Ireland, is the largest lake in the British Isles.
0331681|Louis I, (778-840), also called Louis the Pious, succeeded his father, Charlemagne, as ruler of a vast European empire in 814.
0331682|Louis IX, (1214-1270), was a French king known for his piety and judicial reforms.
0331683|Louis XI, (1423-1483), was king of France.
0331684|Louis XII, (1462-1515), became king of France in 1498 after the death of his cousin King Charles VIII.
0331685|Louis XIII, (1601-1643), became king of France in 1610 when his father, King Henry IV, was assassinated.
0331686|Louis XIV, (1638-1715), was king of France for 72 years, the longest reign in modern European history.
0331687|Louis XV, (1710-1774), was a king of France who contributed to the decline of royal authority.
0331688|Louis XVI, (1754-1793), was king of France until he was overthrown by the French Revolution in 1792.
0331689|Louis XVII, (1785-1795), a son of King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette, was regarded as king of France by supporters of the French monarchy for two years during the French Revolution (1789-1799).
0331690|Louis XVIII, (1755-1824), was the king of France known as "the Restoration King" because his reign restored the monarchy after the French Revolution
0331720|Louis, Joe (1914-1981), an American boxer, held the world heavyweight championship from 1937 to 1949.
0331760|Louis Philippe, (1773-1850), was king of France from 1830 to 1848.
0331780|Louisbourg, Nova Scotia (pop. 1,355), was the site of an important French fortress in the 1700's.
0331840|Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, (1776-1810) ruled Prussia, with her husband Frederick William III, from 1797 to 1810.
0331880|Louisiana, a southern state of the United States, lies where the mighty Mississippi River empties into the Gulf of Mexico.
0331960|Louisiana Purchase was the most important event of President Thomas Jefferson's first Administration.
0332000|Louisiana State University (LSU) is a coeducational state-supported university system.
0332020|Louisville is the largest city in Kentucky and a major industrial center of the Southeast United States.
0332060|Lourdes, (pop. 16,581), is a town in southwestern France near the Pyrenees foothills.
0332100|Louse is a small, wingless insect that lives on birds and mammals, including human beings.
0332160|Louvre is one of the largest and most famous art museums in the world.
0332190|Love, Nat (1854-1921), was an African American cowboy of the Old West.
0332260|Lovebird is any one of several kinds of small parrots.
0332270|Lovebug is an insect that forms huge swarms when mating.
0332275|Lovecraft, H. P. (1890-1937), an American author, was one of the major writers of supernatural and horror fiction of the 1900's.
0332281|Lovejoy, Elijah Parish (1802-1837), was an American clergyman and newspaper editor noted for his opposition to slavery.
0332300|Lovelace, Richard (1618-1657), was a member of a group of English lyric poets called the Cavalier poets.
0332310|Lovell, Sir Bernard (1913- ), an English astronomer, built the world's first completely steerable radio telescope.
0332320|Lovell, James Arthur, Jr. (1928- ), was a United States astronaut.
0332400|Low, Juliette Gordon (1860-1927), founded the Girl Scouts in America.
0332460|Low Countries are coastal regions located between France and Germany.
0332540|Lowell, Mass. (pop. 103,439; met. area pop. 280,578), is a city in the northeastern part of the state.
0332580|Lowell, Amy (1874-1925), was an American poet, critic, and biographer.
0332600|Lowell, Francis Cabot (1775-1817), an American textile manufacturer, founded the first mill that carried through the entire cotton-manufacturing process from raw material to finished cloth.
0332620|Lowell, James Russell (1819-1891), was an American author who played an important part in the cultural life of the United States during the 1800's.
0332640|Lowell, Percival (1855-1916), an American astronomer, became best known for his belief in the possibility of life on Mars and in the existence of canals there.
0332660|Lowell, Robert (1917-1977), was a leading American poet.
0332765|Lowry, Malcolm, (1909-1957), was an English author best known for his novel Under the Volcano (1947).
0332860|Loyola, Saint Ignatius, (1491-1556), was a Roman Catholic religious leader who founded the Society of Jesus.
0332990|LSD is an extremely powerful drug that causes distortions in thinking and feeling.
0333000|Luanda, (pop. 1,200,000), is the capital and largest city of Angola, and the country's chief industrial center and port.
0333050|Luba are an important ethnic group in the African country of Zaire.
0333060|Lubbock, Tex. (pop. 186,206; met. area pop. 222,636), is the world's leading manufacturer of cottonseed products.
0333080|Lubeck, (pop. 210,318), is the most important German port serving shipping on the Baltic Sea.
0333120|Lubitsch, Ernst (1892-1947), a German-born film director and producer, became famous for his comedies and farces.
0333200|Lucas, George (1944- ), is an American motion-picture producer, director, and writer.
0333240|Luce, Clare Boothe (1903-1987), became famous for her activities in American politics and government.
0333260|Luce, Henry Robinson (1898-1967), was a noted American publisher and editor.
0333280|Lucerne, (pop. 60,562; met. area pop. 158,895), is a tourist center and historic city in central Switzerland.
0333400|Lucifer is a name commonly used for the devil.
0333500|Lucknow (pop. 1,642,134) is a city in north-central India.
0333540|Lucretius, (99?-55? B.C.), was a Roman poet and philosopher.
0333580|Ludendorff, Erich Friedrich Wilhelm, (1865-1937), a German general, served as chief of staff to Paul von Hindenburg during World War I.
0333590|Ludington, Sybil (1761-1839), was a heroine of the Revolutionary War in America (1775-1783).
0333600|Ludwig II (1845-1886), king of Bavaria, became known for constructing elaborate palaces and other buildings.
0333640|Luftwaffe, has been the name of the German Air Force since 1935.
0333660|Luge is a winter sport in which one or two people lie on their back on a sled and race feet first down a steeply banked, ice-covered course.
0333680|Lugworm is a small sea worm with a soft body.
0333720|Luisetti, Hank (1916- ), an American basketball player, revolutionized the game with his one-handed jump shot.
0333740|Lujan, Manuel, Jr. (1928- ), served as United States secretary of the interior from 1989 to 1993 under President George Bush.
0333760|Luke, Saint, was an early Christian who was a friend of Saint Paul.
0333790|Luks, George Benjamin (1866-1933), was an American painter and illustrator.
0333820|Lully, Jean-Baptiste, (1632-1687), an Italian-born composer, wrote the first significant French operas.
0333870|Lumbee Indians are the largest Indian tribe in the United States east of the Mississippi River.
0333880|Lumber includes boards and larger pieces of wood that have been sawed from logs.
0333920|Lumiere brothers were two French brothers who became noted scientists.
0333940|Luminescence is the giving off of light by means other than heat.
0333960|Lumpfish is a fish that lives near the shore in the cold ocean waters of northern regions.
0334020|Luna was the goddess of the moon in Roman mythology.
0334100|Lunda are a people who live in Zaire, Angola, and Zambia.
0334120|Lundy, Benjamin (1789-1839), was an American editor and a pioneer of the antislavery movement in the United States
0334180|Lung is the breathing organ of mammals, birds, and reptiles.
0334200|Lungfish is a type of fish that can breathe out of water.
0334220|Lungwort is a name given to several different plants.
0334260|Lunt, Alfred (1892-1977), was one of the outstanding American actors of his generation.
0334300|Lupercalia was an important religious festival in ancient Rome.
0334320|Lupine is the name of a group of plants in the pea family.
0334360|Lupus is the name of any of a group of diseases that affect the skin.
0334380|Luray Caverns are a group of caves near Luray, Va.
0334420|Lusaka, (pop. 818,994), is the capital and largest city of Zambia.
0334430|Lushun lies near the tip of the Liaodong Peninsula in northern China.
0334440|Lusitania was a British passenger ship that sank near Ireland after the German submarine U-20 torpedoed it on May 7, 1915, during World War I.
0334500|Lute is an ancient stringed musical instrument.
0334520|Lutetium, (chemical symbol, Lu), is one of the rare-earth metals.
0334540|Luther, Martin (1483-1546), was the leader of the Reformation, a religious movement that led to the birth of Protestantism.
0334593|Lutheran Church--Missouri Synod is one of the largest Lutheran church bodies in the United States.
0334600|Lutherans make up the largest Protestant denomination in the world.
0334620|Luthuli, Albert John (1898-1967), won the 1960 Nobel Peace Prize for his peaceful efforts to end racial segregation in South Africa.
0334640|Lutyens, Sir Edwin Landseer (1869-1944), was one of the most important English architects of the early 1900's.
0334700|Luxembourg is one of Europe's oldest and smallest independent countries.
0334720|Luxembourg (pop. 75,377) is the capital and largest city of the country of Luxembourg.
0334730|Luxemburg, Rosa (1871-1919), was a German socialist writer and revolutionary.
0334820|Lvov, (pop. 798,000), is a major city of Ukraine.
0334900|Lyceum is an organization that sponsors lectures, concerts, and other adult educational programs.
0334920|Lyceum was a school founded by the Greek philosopher Aristotle in 335 B.C.
0335000|Lycurgus was a Spartan legislator.
0335040|Lydia was a country in ancient Asia Minor.
0335060|Lye, also called caustic soda, is an important industrial chemical.
0335080|Lyell, Sir Charles (1797-1875), was a British geologist whose writings established uniformitarianism as the basis of modern geology.
0335100|Lyly, John (1554?-1606), was an English writer.
0335110|Lyme disease is a bacterial infection transmitted by certain ticks.
0335120|Lymphatic system is a network of small vessels that resemble blood vessels.
0335160|Lynch, Thomas, Jr. (1749-1779), was a South Carolina signer of the Declaration of Independence.
0335220|Lynching usually means the killing, generally by hanging, of a person by a mob in defiance of law and order.
0335230|Lynen, Feodor (1911-1979), a German biochemist, studied how cells produce cholesterol and other fatty substances known as lipids.
0335250|Lynn, James Thomas (1927- ), served as U.S. secretary of housing and urban development from 1973 to 1975.
0335260|Lynx is a wild animal that belongs to the cat family.
0335280|Lyon, (pop. 422,444; met. area pop. 1,087,367), is the third largest city in France.
0335300|Lyon, Mary (1797-1849), pioneered in providing higher education for women.
0335320|Lyra, also called the Harp, is a small constellation that can be seen from the Northern Hemisphere.
0335340|Lyre is an ancient stringed musical instrument that resembles a small harp.
0335360|Lyrebird is one of the most unusual Australian birds.
0335440|Lysander, (?-395 B.C.), was a statesman and general of the ancient Greek city-state of Sparta.
0335450|Lysenko, Trofim Denisovich, (1898-1976), was the most important biologist in the Soviet Union from the mid-1930's to the late 1950's.
0335460|Lysias, (459?-380? B.C.), was a great orator of ancient Greece.
0335480|Lysippus, (380's?-306? B.C.), revolutionized sculpture in ancient Greece.
0335520|Lyte, Henry Francis (1793-1847), a British clergyman, is best remembered for the hymns he wrote.
0335560|M is the 13th letter of our alphabet.
0335570|Ma Yuan was the most famous member of an honored family of painters.
0335585|Maazel, Lorin, (1930- ), has conducted several major orchestras throughout the world.
0335680|Macadamia nut is a large, round edible seed that grows on two species of trees.
0335720|Macao, also spelled Macau, is a Portuguese territory on the southeast coast of China.
0335730|Macaque is the name of a group of large, powerful monkeys.
0335760|MacArthur, Douglas (1880-1964), was a leading American general of World War II and the Korean War.
0335780|MacArthur Foundation is a private, independent organization that funds a variety of charitable and public service projects.
0335820|Macaulay, Thomas Babington (1800-1859), was the most widely read English historian of the 1800's.
0335840|Macaw is the name of about 18 species (kinds) of large, long-tailed parrots that live in forested areas of South America, Central America, and Mexico.
0335860|Macbeth, (?-1057), seized the throne of Scotland in 1040 after defeating and killing King Duncan I.
0336000|MacDonald, J. E. H. (1873-1932), was a member of the Group of Seven, a famous Canadian school of landscape painters.
0336020|MacDonald, James Ramsay (1866-1937), led Britain's first Labour Party government.
0336040|Macdonald, Sir John Alexander (1815-1891), was the first prime minister of the Dominion of Canada.
0336050|MacDonald, John D. (1916-1986), was an American mystery writer best known for his 21 novels featuring Travis McGee, an amateur detective.
0336060|Macdonald, John Sandfield (1812-1872), served as joint prime minister of the Province of Canada from 1862 to 1864.
0336070|Macdonald, Ross (1915-1983), was the pen name of Kenneth Millar, an American writer of detective novels.
0336080|Macdonough, Thomas (1783-1825), an American naval officer, became a hero of the War of 1812.
0336100|MacDowell, Edward Alexander (1861-1908), was an American composer and pianist.
0336110|Mace is a liquid tear gas that can be sprayed from a pressurized container.
0336120|Mace is a club-shaped staff used as a symbol of authority.
0336140|Mace is a highly flavored spice.
0336160|Macedonia is a historic region on the Balkan Peninsula of southeastern Europe.
0336170|Macedonia is a country in southeastern Europe.
0336200|Mach, Ernst (1838-1916), was an Austrian physicist and psychologist.
0336235|Machado de Assis, Joaquim Maria (1839-1908), was a Brazilian author.
0336237|Machaut, Guillaume de, (1300?-1377), was a medieval French composer and poet.
0336260|Machiavelli, Niccolo (1469-1527), was an Italian statesman and writer whom many people consider the father of modern political science.
0336280|Machine is a device that does work.
0336320|Machine gun is an automatic weapon that can fire from 400 to 1,600 rounds of ammunition each minute.
0336340|Machine tool is a power-driven machine used to shape metal.
0336380|Machinists and Aerospace Workers, International Association of, is a labor union affiliated with the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations.
0336400|Machu Picchu is the site of an ancient Inca city.
0336420|Macintosh, Charles (1766-1843), a Scottish chemist and inventor, is best known as the inventor of waterproof fabrics.
0336460|Mack, Connie (1862-1956), became one of the greatest managers in baseball history.
0336481|Mackay, John William (1831-1902), was an American miner and financier.
0336520|Mackenzie, Alexander (1822-1892), served as prime minister of Canada from 1873 to 1878.
0336540|Mackenzie, Sir Alexander (1764-1820), was a Canadian explorer, trader, and businessman.
0336560|Mackenzie, Roderick (1760?-1844), was a Canadian frontiersman and fur trader.
0336580|Mackenzie, William Lyon (1795-1861), was a Canadian political leader and journalist.
0336600|Mackenzie River, in the Northwest Territories, is the longest river in Canada.
0336620|Mackerel is the name of a number of valuable food fish that live in coastal areas of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans.
0336640|Mackinac, Straits of, is an important link in the water route between Lake Michigan and the Atlantic Ocean.
0336660|Mackinac Island is a north Michigan island summer resort in the Straits of Mackinac.
0336700|MacLeish, Archibald (1892-1982), was an American poet, dramatist, and critic.
0336720|MacLennan, Hugh (1907-1990), was a Canadian author known for his novels about historic events and public issues in Canada.
0336840|MacMillan, Donald Baxter (1874-1970), an American polar explorer, added much to our knowledge of Greenland and the Canadian Arctic.
0336860|MacMillan, Sir Ernest Campbell (1893-1973), was a Canadian conductor, composer, organist, and educator.
0336880|Macmillan, Harold (1894-1986), served as prime minister of Britain from 1957 to 1963.
0336940|Macon, (pop. 106,612; met. area pop. 290,909), is a center of manufacturing and trade and one of the largest cities in Georgia.
0337020|Macphail, Agnes Campbell (1890-1954), was the first woman ever elected to the Canadian House of Commons.
0337045|Macrame is the art of creating practical and decorative articles by knotting cord, rope, or string.
0337047|Macready, William Charles (1793-1873), was a famous English tragic actor.
0337060|Mad cow disease is a brain disease in cattle that causes odd behavior, difficulty walking, and then death.
0337080|Madagascar is an African country made up of one large island and many tiny nearby islands.
0337160|Madder is a plant that was once commonly grown in Europe and Asia for use in making dyes.
0337180|Madeira Islands are a group of islands that belong to Portugal.
0337200|Madeira River is a large branch of the Amazon River and an important trade waterway of South America.
0337280|Madison, Wis. (pop. 191,262; met. area pop. 367,085), is the capital and second largest city of the state.
0337300|Madison, Dolley Payne (1768-1849), a famous Washington hostess, was the wife of President James Madison.
0337320|Madison, James (1751-1836), the fourth President of the United States, is often called the Father of the Constitution.
0337400|Madonna and Child are the Virgin Mary and the infant Jesus in works of art.
0337460|Madras, (pop. 3,841,396; met. area pop. 5,361,468), is India's fourth largest city.
0337540|Madrid, (pop. 2,909,792), is the capital and largest city of Spain.
0337560|Madrigal is a type of music in which two or more voices sing separate melodies to a literary text.
0337580|Madrona, also called madrone, is a small tree with white, urn-shaped flowers and leathery evergreen leaves.
0337620|Maelstrom is a swift and dangerous current in the Arctic Ocean.
0337660|Maeterlinck, Maurice, (1862-1949), was a Belgian dramatist, poet, naturalist, and philosopher.
0337690|Maffei galaxies, often called Maffei 1 and Maffei 2, are two large star systems.
0337700|Mafia is a secret criminal society in Sicily.
0337720|Magarac, Joe, is a legendary hero of steelworkers.
0337740|Magazine is a collection of articles or stories--or both--published at regular intervals.
0337760|Magazine is a military and naval term for a protected building or storage room for ammunition.
0337920|Magellan, Ferdinand (1480?-1521), was a Portuguese sea captain who commanded the first expedition that sailed around the world.
0337940|Magellan, Strait of, is a narrow, rough waterway that separates the islands of Tierra del Fuego from the mainland of South America.
0337960|Magellanic Clouds are two galaxies visible in the Southern Hemisphere as small, hazy patches of light.
0338020|Maggot is the larva, or young, of many kinds of flies.
0338040|Magi were the hereditary members of a priestly class from Media, an ancient kingdom located in what is now northern Iran.
0338060|Magic is the supposed use of unnatural or superhuman power by a person to try to control human actions or natural events.
0338080|Magician is an entertainer who performs tricks that seem impossible.
0338100|Maginot Line is a fortified line of defense along the eastern border of France.
0338140|Magna Carta is a document that marked a decisive step forward in the development of constitutional government and legal ideas in England.
0338220|Magnesia is a white, tasteless substance.
0338240|Magnesium, a silver-white metal, is the lightest metal that is strong enough to use in construction.
0338290|Magnetic amplifier, also called a saturable reactor, is a device used to control large amounts of electric power.
0338340|Magnetic equator is an imaginary band that circles the earth near the geographic equator.
0338352|Magnetic levitation train, also called maglev train, is a vehicle that uses magnetic forces to travel at high speeds.
0338370|Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a technique used in medicine for producing images of tissues inside the body.
0338380|Magnetic storm is a strong fluctuation in the earth's magnetic field.
0338410|Magnetism is the force that electric currents exert on other electric currents.
0338440|Magneto is an electric generator that provides spark ignition in some internal-combustion engines.
0338450|Magnetohydrodynamics, often abbreviated MHD, is the study of the ways in which electric and magnetic fields interact with fluids that conduct electricity.
0338460|Magnetometer is a device that measures the strength of a magnetic field.
0338520|Magnifying glass is a lens which makes close objects appear larger.
0338540|Magnitogorsk, (pop. 443,000), is the principal steel center of Russia.
0338560|Magnitude is the scale used by astronomers to measure the brightness of objects in space.
0338580|Magnolia is the name of a group of trees and shrubs that grow in the Americas and in Asia.
0338680|Magpie is a bird that belongs to the same family as crows, ravens, and jays.
0338690|Magritte, Rene, (1898-1967), was a Belgian surrealist painter.
0338720|Maguey is the name given to several kinds of agave plants that grow in Mexico.
0338740|Magyars are a group of about 15 million people who are usually called Hungarians.
0338760|Mah-jongg, also spelled mah jongg or mah-jong, is a Chinese game that developed in the 1800's.
0338780|Mahabharata is an outstanding sacred writing of Hinduism and one of the two great epic poems of India.
0338800|Mahan, Alfred Thayer (1840-1914), an American admiral, wrote many books on naval strategy and the influence of sea power on international affairs.
0338920|Mahican Indians were important in the fur trade in North America during the 1600's.
0338940|Mahler, Gustav (1860-1911), was a Bohemian-born composer of the romantic period.
0338960|Mahogany has long been considered one of the finest cabinet woods of the world, because it has most of the qualities desired for furniture making.
0338990|Mahony, Roger Michael Cardinal (1936- ), was appointed a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church by Pope John Paul II in 1991.
0339120|Maidu Indians are a group of tribes in north-central California who speak related languages.
0339160|Mail-order business is an industry involving the sale of products by mail.
0339170|Mailer, Norman (1923- ), is an American author.
0339180|Maillol, Aristide, (1861-1944), was a French sculptor.
0339200|Maimonides, Moses (1135-1204), was the most important Jewish philosopher of the Middle Ages.
0339260|Maine. The sinking of the United States battleship Maine helped cause the Spanish-American War.
0339280|Maine forms the northeastern corner of the United States.
0339300|Maine, University of, is a coeducational, state-supported system of higher education.
0339360|Maintenon, Marquise de, (1635-1719), was the second wife of King Louis XIV of France.
0339380|Mainz, (pop. 188,571), is a commercial and industrial city in southwestern Germany.
0339420|Mair, Charles (1838-1927), was a Canadian poet and journalist.
0339450|Maitland, Frederic William (1850-1906), an English historian, pioneered in the study of early English legal history.
0339540|Majolica is a type of pottery glazed with tin oxide to produce a soft white color.
0339580|Major, John (1943- ), became prime minister of the United Kingdom in November 1990.
0339620|Majorca, also called Mallorca, (pop. 534,511), is the largest island of the Balearic group.
0339640|Majority rule is a principle of democratic government that requires a decision to be approved by a majority of voters before it may take effect.
0339670|Makarios III, (1913-1977), a Greek Orthodox clergyman, became the first president of Cyprus in 1959.
0339755|Malabo, (pop. 15,253), is the capital of Equatorial Guinea.
0339780|Malacca, Strait of, is a channel between the Malay Peninsula and the island of Sumatra.
0339800|Malachi, Book of, is a book in the Hebrew Bible or Old Testament.
0339820|Malachite is a beautiful green copper mineral.
0339890|Malamud, Bernard (1914-1986), was an American author.
0339940|Malaria is a dangerous parasitic disease common in tropical and subtropical areas.
0339980|Malawi is a small scenic country in southeastern Africa.
0340040|Malaya is a former name of Peninsular Malaysia--a region of the nation of Malaysia.
0340050|Malays are a group of Southeast Asian peoples.
0340060|Malaysia is a country in Southeast Asia.
0340080|Malcolm X (1925-1965) was one of the most influential black-American leaders of the 1950's and 1960's.
0340120|Maldives is the smallest independent country in Asia and one of the smallest in the world.
0340135|Male, (pop. 56,060), is the capital and chief port of the Maldives.
0340160|Malenkov, Georgi Maximilianovich, (1902-1988), became premier of the Soviet Union after the death of Joseph Stalin in March 1953.
0340200|Malherbe, Francois de, (1555-1628), was a French poet who became a haughty critic of French poetic language and style.
0340220|Mali is a large country in western Africa.
0340230|Mali Empire was a black empire that flourished in west Africa from about 1240 to 1500.
0340240|Malibran, Maria Felicita (1808-1836), was a famous Spanish opera singer.
0340280|Malignancy is the tendency of a disease to be severe and possibly cause death.
0340300|Malinowski, Bronislaw, (1884-1942), was a British anthropologist.
0340340|Mallard is one of the most common wild ducks.
0340360|Mallarme, Stephane (1842-1898), a French poet, became the master of a group of poets who began a movement called symbolism.
0340380|Malleability is the ability of many metals to be pressed or hammered into thin sheets.
0340460|Mallory, Stephen Russell (1813?-1873), was secretary of the Confederate Navy during the Civil War (1861-1865).
0340480|Mallow is the popular name of a large family of plants.
0340520|Malmo, (pop. 237,438), is the third largest city in Sweden.
0340540|Malnutrition is an unhealthy condition caused by a poor or inappropriate diet or by the body's inability to absorb or use nutrients.
0340580|Malory, Sir Thomas (?-1471?), was the author of the book Le Morte Darthur.
0340620|Malpighi, Marcello, (1628-1694), an Italian anatomist, physician, and botanist, became famous for his research on animal tissues and his mastery of the use of the microscope in his work.
0340650|Malpractice suit is a lawsuit in which a professional person is accused of injuring a patient or client through negligence or error.
0340660|Malraux, Andre, (1901-1976), was a French author who combined intellectual achievement with political activity.
0340680|Malt is a food product that results when barley and certain other grains are specially treated.
0340700|Malta is an island country in the Mediterranean Sea, about 60 miles (97 kilometers) south of Sicily.
0340780|Maltese was probably the world's first lap dog.
0340840|Malthus, Thomas Robert (1766-1834), was an English economist.
0340860|Maltose is the chemical term for malt sugar.
0340880|Mamba is the name of three deadly snakes of central and southern Africa.
0340900|Mamelukes were a military group that ruled Egypt from about A.D. 1250 to 1517.
0340910|Mamet, David (1947- ), is a leading American playwright.
0340920|Mammal is a vertebrate (backboned animal) that feeds its young on the mother's milk.
0340940|Mammary glands are special glands found in all mammals.
0340960|Mammoth was a prehistoric animal closely related to present-day elephants.
0340980|Mammoth Cave National Park, surrounds Mammoth Cave, part of the world's longest known cave system.
0341060|Man, Isle of, is an island in the Irish Sea.
0341190|Management and Budget, Office of (OMB), is a United States government agency that assists the President in preparing the federal budget and evaluating government programs and organization.
0341195|Management information systems are computer systems designed to aid the executives who run businesses, government agencies, and other organizations.
0341200|Managua, (pop. 701,466), is the capital, largest city, and chief commercial center of Nicaragua.
0341210|Manakin is a type of small, tropical bird.
0341220|Manama, (pop. 121,986), is the capital, largest city, and chief port of Bahrain, an island nation in the Persian Gulf (see BAHRAIN ).
0341280|Manatee, sometimes called sea cow, is a large water mammal.
0341340|Manchester (pop. 397,400; met. area pop. 2,445,200) is one of the largest cities in England, one of the political divisions of the United Kingdom.
0341360|Manchester, N.H. (pop. 99,567; met. area pop. 173,783), is the largest city and chief manufacturing and financial center of the state.
0341400|Manchester terrier is a breed of dog that originated in Manchester, England, in the 1800's.
0341480|Manchuria is a region in northeastern China known for its rich natural resources, especially coal and iron.
0341490|Manchus were a people who conquered China in the 1600's.
0341500|Mandalay, (pop. 472,512), is Burma's second largest city and chief inland river port.
0341520|Mandamus is a court order that requires a person, lower court, government official, or an officer of a corporation to do a legal duty.
0341540|Mandan Indians are a tribe that has lived in western North Dakota, along the Missouri River, for more than 500 years.
0341560|Mandarin. English-speaking people used the name mandarin for any high military or civil official of the Chinese Empire.
0341630|Mandarin is a citrus fruit that has a sweet, juicy pulp.
0341640|Mandated territory. After World War I ended in 1918, certain colonies and territories were taken from the defeated nations and placed under the administration of one or more of the victorious nations.
0341650|Mandela, Nelson (1918- ), became president of South Africa in 1994.
0341655|Mandela, Winnie (1936?- ), a South African civil rights leader, became known for her opposition to the white-minority government that ruled South Africa until 1994.
0341680|Mandingo is the name of a group of west African people.
0341700|Mandolin is a stringed musical instrument.
0341720|Mandrake is the name of two similar plants that belong to the nightshade family.
0341740|Mandrill is a colorful monkey that lives in the forests of Cameroon and other parts of western Africa.
0341760|Manet, Edouard, (1832-1883), a French painter, helped break tradition by using his subject matter in unexpected ways.
0341780|Manganese is a brittle, silver-gray metallic element.
0341800|Mange is a contagious skin disease that certain types of mites cause in dogs, cats, sheep, horses, goats, and swine.
0341840|Mango is a fruit that grows in tropical regions throughout the world.
0341860|Mangosteen is a tree that grows in Southeast Asia.
0341880|Mangrove is a tree that grows along tropical coasts in salty ocean water.
0341920|Manhattan Island is one of the commercial, financial, publishing, and cultural centers of the world.
0341940|Manhattan Project was created by the United States government in 1942 to produce the first atomic bomb.
0342040|Manichaeism is a philosophical and religious system based on the teachings of a Babylonian prophet named Mani, who lived during the A.D. 200's.
0342100|Manifest destiny was a term used to describe the belief in the 1840's in the inevitable territorial expansion of the United States.
0342140|Manila (pop. 1,876,195; met. area pop. 6,720,050) is the capital and largest city of the Philippines.
0342160|Manila Bay is the entrance to the city of Manila on Luzon, a northern island in the Philippines.
0342260|Manitoba is one of Canada's three Prairie Provinces.
0342280|Manitoba, University of, is western Canada's oldest university and the largest school in Manitoba.
0342320|Manitoulin Island, (pop. 9,823), in Lake Huron, is famed for its resorts.
0342400|Mann, Horace (1796-1859), played a leading role in establishing state-supervised, state-funded, mandatory-attendance school systems in the United States.
0342410|Mann, Thomas (1875-1955), a German novelist, won the 1929 Nobel Prize for literature.
0342420|Manna, in the Old Testament, was the food given by God to the Israelites during their 40 years of wandering in the wilderness (Exod. 16 and Num.
0342475|Mannerism was a style of European art that flourished from about 1520 to 1600.
0342520|Mannheim, (pop. 294,984), is a city in southern Germany.
0342530|Manning, Preston (1942- ), became leader of Canada's Reform Party in 1987.
0342580|Manometer is an instrument used to measure the pressure of a gas or vapor.
0342620|Manorialism was the economic system of Europe from the end of the Roman Empire to the 1200's.
0342650|Mansa Musa, (?-1337?), was the ruler of the Mali Empire in Africa from 1312 to about 1337.
0342670|Mansfield, Arabella Babb (1846-1911), was the first woman admitted to the practice of law in the United States.
0342720|Mansfield, Katherine (1888-1923), a British author, wrote symbolic short stories about everyday human experiences and inner feelings.
0342740|Mansfield, Mike (1903- ), a Montana Democrat, served as majority leader of the United States Senate from 1961 to 1977, longer than any other person.
0342760|Mansfield, Richard (1854-1907), was the leading actor in the American theater from the 1880's to the early 1900's.
0342820|Manslaughter is the legal term for the wrongful unplanned killing of another person.
0342840|Manson, Sir Patrick (1844-1922), a Scottish physician, was called the father of tropical medicine.
0342880|Mantegna, Andrea, (1431-1506), was a leading painter of the Italian Renaissance.
0342900|Mantid is an insect that is sometimes called praying mantis because it usually holds its front legs as if it were praying.
0342955|Mantle, Mickey (1931-1995), ranks among the leading home run hitters in baseball history.
0342980|Manu, in Hindu mythology, was the man who systematized the religious and social laws of Hinduism.
0343050|Manuelito, (1818?-1893), was a leader of the Navajo Indians.
0343080|Manufacturing is the industry that makes automobiles, books, clothing, furniture, paper, pencils, and thousands of other products.
0343100|Manure is any substance produced by animals or plants that is used as fertilizer.
0343140|Manuscript is a term for any document written by hand or by a machine such as a typewriter or a personal computer.
0343180|Manzanita is the name of a group of evergreen shrubs that grow chiefly from British Columbia to California.
0343200|Manzoni, Alessandro, (1785-1873), ranks as one of Italy's greatest novelists on the basis of his only novel, The Betrothed.
0343230|Mao Zedong, (1893-1976), also spelled Mao Tse-tung, led the long struggle that made China a Communist nation in 1949.
0343240|Maoris were among the first inhabitants of New Zealand.
0343260|Map is a drawn or printed representation of the earth or any other heavenly body.
0343280|Maple is any of about 120 species of broadleaf trees and shrubs common in forests of the Northern Hemisphere.
0343340|Maple syrup is a sweet, flavorful liquid obtained from the sap of certain maple trees.
0343350|Maputo, (pop. 1,006,765; met. area pop. 1,551,457), is the capital and largest city of Mozambique.
0343360|Maquis were French patriots who formed a secret army to fight German occupation forces in France during World War II (1939-1945).
0343365|Mar del Plata, (pop. 532,845), is one of the most popular resort cities in Argentina.
0343380|Marabou is one of the largest birds in the stork family.
0343400|Maracaibo, (pop. 1,207,513; met. area pop. 1,363,863), is Venezuela's chief coffee-exporting port and second largest city.
0343460|Marajo is a Brazilian island.
0343500|Maraschino cherry is a preserved cherry.
0343525|Marat, Jean-Paul, (1743-1793), was one of the most radical leaders of the French Revolution (1789-1799).
0343560|Marathon, a coastal plain in Greece, was the site of one of the most important battles in the history of Western civilization.
0343580|Maravich, Pete (1947-1988), was one of the greatest scorers in basketball history.
0343600|Marble is a rock widely used in buildings, monuments, and sculptures.
0343660|Marbles is a children's game played with small balls, usually made of glass.
0343680|Marbury v. Madison marked the first time the United States Supreme Court declared a federal law unconstitutional.
0343710|Marcel, Gabriel (1889-1973), was a French philosopher.
0343740|March is a highly rhythmic musical composition that is performed mainly to accompany marching.
0343760|March is the third month of the year according to the Gregorian calendar, which is used in almost all the world today.
0343780|March, Peyton Conway, (1864-1955), was chief of staff of the United States Army during World War I.
0343820|March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation is a health agency that supports research, education, and medical and social services for children and pregnant women.
0343830|Marciano, Rocky (1923-1969), was the world heavyweight boxing champion from 1952 to 1956.
0343860|Marconi, Guglielmo, (1874-1937), was an Italian inventor and electrical engineer who gained international fame for his role in developing wireless telegraphy, or radio (see RADIO ).
0343870|Marcos, Ferdinand Edralin (1917-1989), served as president of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986.
0343900|Marcus Aurelius, (A.D. 121-180), was a Roman emperor and philosopher.
0343980|Mardi Gras is a lively, colorful celebration held on Shrove Tuesday, the day before Lent begins.
0344020|Marduk was the chief god of the ancient Babylonians.
0344050|Marfan syndrome is a disorder characterized by abnormalities of the skeleton, eye, and heart.
0344140|Margarine, also called oleomargarine, is a butterlike food made from vegetable oils or animal fats, or both.
0344180|Margay is a wildcat that lives in Central and South America from northern Mexico to Bolivia and Brazil.
0344220|Margin in a stock exchange refers to funds that speculators deposit with their brokers to protect the brokers against loss.
0344267|Margrethe II, (1940- ), is queen of Denmark.
0344280|Maria Theresa (1717-1780) was Holy Roman empress, queen of Hungary and Bohemia, and archduchess of Austria.
0344340|Mariana Islands are formed by the summits of 15 volcanic mountains in the Pacific.
0344380|Marie Antoinette, (1755-1793), was the beautiful queen of France who died on the guillotine during the French Revolution.
0344420|Marie Louise (1791-1847) was the second wife of Napoleon Bonaparte and the daughter of Emperor Francis I of Austria.
0344440|Marietta (pop. 15,026), the oldest town in Ohio, is a major manufacturing and trading center.
0344480|Marigold is a hardy flowering plant commonly grown in gardens.
0344500|Marijuana, also spelled marihuana, is a drug made from the dried leaves and flowering tops of the hemp plant.
0344540|Marimba is a percussion instrument that consists of a number of bars arranged on a frame like the keys of a piano.
0344580|Marin, John (1870-1953), was one of the first American artists to paint in a modern style.
0344660|Marine is a soldier who serves at sea and in special missions on land and in the air.
0344710|Marine biology is the study of organisms that live in the sea.
0344720|Marine Corps, United States, is the branch of the armed services that is especially trained and organized for amphibious assault operations.
0344790|Marino, Dan (1961- ), ranks among the greatest quarterbacks in football history.
0344870|Marino, Eugene Antonio (1934- ), became the first black American to be named an archbishop of the Roman Catholic Church.
0344880|Marion, Francis (1732?-1795), was an American military leader from South Carolina whose shrewd, daring raids in the Revolutionary War in America won him the nickname of The Swamp Fox.
0344980|Mariposa lily is a group of about 60 species of spring-blooming flowers of the lily family.
0344990|Maris, Roger (1934-1985), hit more home runs in one season than any other major league baseball player.
0344993|Marisol, (1930- ), is an American sculptor known for her witty, life-sized wooden figures.
0345000|Maritain, Jacques, (1882-1973), was a French philosopher and one of the most influential Roman Catholic scholars of the 1900's.
0345020|Maritime Administration, is an agency of the United States Department of Transportation.
0345100|Maritime law regulates commerce and navigation on the high seas or other navigable waters, including inland lakes and rivers.
0345160|Marius, Gaius, (157-86 B.C.), was a Roman general and statesman.
0345170|Marivaux, Pierre (1688-1763), was a French playwright and novelist.
0345180|Marjoram is the name of a group of fragrant plants that belong to the mint family.
0345200|Mark is the monetary unit of Germany.
0345240|Mark, Saint, sometimes called John Mark, was an early Christian who accompanied Saint Paul on his first missionary journey.
0345310|Market research is the process of gathering and analyzing information to help business firms and other organizations make marketing decisions.
0345320|Marketing is the process by which sellers find buyers and by which goods and services move from producers to consumers.
0345340|Markham, Edwin (1852-1940), was an American poet.
0345400|Markova, Dame Alicia (1910- ), is considered the first great English ballerina.
0345440|Marl is the common name for calcareous mudstone, a type of rock that consists of almost equal amounts of clay and calcite or dolomite.
0345460|Marlborough, Duke of (1650-1722), was one of England's greatest generals.
0345480|Marlin is the name of a group of large game fishes that live in the ocean.
0345500|Marlowe, Christopher (1564-1593), was the first great Elizabethan writer of tragedy.
0345540|Marmara, Sea of, is part of the trade waterway that links the Black Sea with the Mediterranean Sea.
0345600|Marmoset is one of the world's smallest kinds of monkey.
0345620|Marmot is the largest member of the squirrel family.
0345640|Marne River is the largest branch of the Seine River in France.
0345660|Marot, Clement, (1496-1544), was a French poet who served in the households of King Francis I and Marguerite de Navarre.
0345680|Marquand, John Phillips (1893-1960), an American novelist, pictured the decayed aristocratic society in Boston with gentle but effective satire.
0345720|Marquesas Islands are a group of about 10 volcanic islands in the South Pacific Ocean.
0345730|Marquess is a degree of nobility in the British peerage.
0345760|Marquette, Jacques, (1637-1675), was a French explorer and Roman Catholic missionary in North America.
0345780|Marquette University is an independent coeducational school in Milwaukee, Wis.
0345840|Marquis, Don (1878-1937), was an American humorist and journalist.
0345880|Marrakech, (pop. 332,741), is one of the largest cities in Morocco.
0345900|Marriage is the relationship between a man and a woman who have made a legal agreement to live together.
0345960|Marryat, Frederick (1792-1848), was an English author whose novels about life at sea were widely read during the 1800's.
0345980|Mars was the god of war in Roman mythology.
0346000|Mars is the only planet whose surface can be seen in detail from the earth.
0346030|Marsalis, Wynton (1961- ), an American trumpeter, has won acclaim both as a jazz and a classical musician.
0346040|Marseillaise is the national hymn of France.
0346060|Marseille, (pop. 807,726; met. area pop. 1,087,376), is the second largest city in France and the country's main seaport.
0346080|Marsh is a type of wetland where nonwoody plants such as cattails grow.
0346100|Marsh, Reginald (1898-1954), was an American artist famous for his realistic pictures of New York City life.
0346160|Marsh mallow is a plant that grows in meadows and marshes of eastern Europe.
0346200|Marshal is the highest title in the armies of many countries.
0346210|Marshall, Alfred (1842-1924), was a British educator and the most influential economist of his day.
0346220|Marshall, George Catlett (1880-1959), an American soldier and statesman, served as chief of staff of the United States Army during World War II (1939-1945).
0346240|Marshall, James Wilson (1810-1885), discovered gold in California on Jan. 24, 1848.
0346260|Marshall, John (1755-1835), the fourth chief justice of the United States, established the Supreme Court as an important branch of the federal government.
0346300|Marshall, Thomas Riley (1854-1925), served as Vice President of the United States from 1913 to 1921, under President Woodrow Wilson.
0346320|Marshall, Thurgood (1908-1993), was the first African American justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.
0346360|Marshall Islands is a country in the North Pacific Ocean.
0346380|Marshall Plan encouraged European nations to work together for economic recovery after World War II (1939-1945).
0346430|Marston, John (1576-1634), was an English playwright.
0346460|Marsupial is a mammal whose young are born in an extremely immature state.
0346500|Marten is a slim, fur-covered mammal that looks like an oversized weasel.
0346560|Martha's Vineyard, an island 4 miles (6 kilometers) off the southeastern coast of Massachusetts, is a popular summer resort.
0346580|Marti, Jose Julian (1853-1895), was a Cuban political activist, journalist, and author.
0346600|Martial, (A.D. 40?-104?), was an ancient Roman writer.
0346610|Martial arts is a general term for various types of fighting arts that originated in the Orient.
0346620|Martial law is a temporary, emergency form of government under military rule.
0346640|Martin is the name for several birds in the swallow family.
0346660|Martin V (1368-1431) was elected pope in 1417.
0346823|Martin Luther King, Jr., Day is a United States national holiday honoring the birthday of civil rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr.
0346825|Martin of Tours, Saint (316?-397), is the patron saint of France.
0346830|Martineau, Harriet (1802-1876), was a British writer and social reformer who wrote widely on economic, philosophic, and social issues.
0346880|Martinique is a French island in the West Indies.
0346930|Martins, Peter (1946- ), is a Danish-born dancer and choreographer (dance creator).
0346970|Marvell, Andrew (1621-1678), was perhaps the finest of the English metaphysical poets of the mid-1600's.
0346980|Marx, Karl (1818-1883), was a German philosopher, social scientist, and professional revolutionary.
0347000|Marx brothers were three American brothers who became famous for their zany antics in motion pictures.
0347010|Mary was the mother of Jesus.
0347021|Mary I (1516-1558) was queen of England from 1553 until her death in 1558.
0347022|Mary II (1662-1694) was the queen of England from 1689 to 1694.
0347040|Mary, Queen of Scots (1542-1587), was the only surviving child of King James V of Scotland.
0347140|Mary Magdalene, a follower of Jesus, was called Magdalene because she was reputed to be from the village of Magdala.
0347320|Maryland is an important industrial and shipping state of the United States.
0347360|Maryland Day is a holiday that is observed on March 25 in the state of Maryland.
0347370|Maryland System, University of, is a coeducational, state-assisted system of higher education.
0347520|Masaccio, (1401-1428), an Italian painter, was one of the first great masters of the Italian Renaissance.
0347525|Masada was a historic Jewish fortress that stood on a huge rock in Judea (now southern Israel).
0347540|Masaryk was the family name of two Czech statesmen, father and son.
0347580|Mascagni, Pietro, (1863-1945), was an Italian opera composer.
0347620|Masefield, John (1878-1967), was an English poet, novelist, critic, and playwright.
0347640|Maser is a device that generates or amplifies microwaves.
0347660|Maseru, (pop. 109,382), is the capital of Lesotho.
0347700|Mask is a covering that disguises or protects the face.
0347710|Maslow, Abraham Harold (1908-1970), was an American psychologist whom many people consider the founder of a movement called humanistic psychology.
0347780|Mason, George (1725-1792), was a Virginia statesman who wrote the first American bill of rights, the Virginia Declaration of Rights of 1776.
0347790|Mason, James Murray (1798-1871), served as Confederate commissioner to Britain during the American Civil War (1861-1865).
0347850|Mason, Lowell (1792-1872), was an influential American music educator and composer of hymn tunes.
0347880|Mason and Dixon's Line is usually thought of as the line that divides the North and the South.
0347940|Masonry, also called Freemasonry, is the name of one of the oldest and largest fraternal organizations in the world.
0347980|Masque was an elaborate form of entertainment presented at European courts.
0348020|Mass is often defined as the amount of matter in an object.
0348040|Mass is the name used by several Christian churches for the celebration of the sacrament of the Eucharist, or Lord's Supper.
0348100|Mass production is the production of machinery and other articles in standard sizes in large numbers.
0348120|Mass spectroscopy, also called mass spectrometry, is a method of separating ionized atoms or molecules according to their mass (m) and electric charge (z).
0348140|Massachusetts is the sixth smallest state of the United States, but it stands among the leaders in many fields.
0348160|Massachusetts, University of, is a state-supported coeducational university.
0348180|Massachusetts Bay Colony was the largest and most successful early New England settlement.
0348220|Massachusetts Institute of Technology (M.I.T.) is a private coeducational university in Cambridge, Mass.
0348280|Massage is a method of manipulating the skin to produce healthful effects on the skin and underlying tissues.
0348340|Massasoit, (1580?-1661), was a chief of the Wampanoag tribe of Indians who lived in what is now southern Massachusetts and Rhode Island.
0348380|Massenet, Jules, (1842-1912), was a French composer best known for his operas.
0348420|Massey, Vincent (1887-1967), was the first Canadian-born governor general of Canada.
0348440|Massine, Leonide, (1896-1979), was a great Russian dancer and choreographer (dance creator).
0348450|Massinger, Philip (1583-1640), an English playwright, is best known for his comedy A New Way to Pay Old Debts (1621 or 1622).
0348455|Masson, Andre, (1896-1987), a French painter, was an important member of the surrealism art movement during the 1920's.
0348500|Mastectomy is the surgical removal of a breast.
0348540|Masters, Edgar Lee (1868-1950), was an American author.
0348550|Masters and Johnson, two American researchers, have made important contributions to the understanding of human sexual behavior.
0348580|Masterson, Bat (1853-1921), was a famous frontiersman and peace officer in the American West.
0348600|Mastic is a resin drawn from Pistacia lentiscus, a tree or small shrub native to the Mediterranean region.
0348620|Mastication is the first process in the digestion of food.
0348640|Mastiff, also called Old English Mastiff, is a breed of dog that was developed in the Middle East in ancient times.
0348660|Mastodon was an animal much like the elephant.
0348680|Mastoid is one of the five parts of the temporal bone of the skull.
0348700|Masur, Kurt (1927- ), is a German conductor who specializes in music of the classical and romantic periods.
0348760|Mata Hari, (1876-1917), a Dutch dancer, was executed by the French on charges of being a German spy during World War I.
0348800|Matanuska Valley lies in south-central Alaska, near Anchorage.
0348820|Match is a slender piece of cardboard or wood with a tip made of a chemical mixture that burns easily.
0348840|Mate is the title of a merchant marine officer or naval petty officer.
0348860|Mate, also called Paraguay tea, is a drink made from the dried leaves and shoots of a plant that grows in South America.
0348880|Materialism is a philosophical position that states that everything is material, or a state of matter.
0348890|Materials are solid substances of which manufactured products are made.
0348960|Mathematics is one of the most useful and fascinating divisions of human knowledge.
0348985|Mather, Cotton (1663-1728), was a leading Puritan minister and theologian in colonial New England.
0348987|Mather, Increase (1639-1723), was the most influential pastor and theologian among the second generation of Puritan ministers in colonial New England.
0348990|Mather, Richard (1596-1669), was an important Puritan minister among the first generation of English settlers in the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
0349000|Mathewson, Christy (1880-1925), was one of baseball's greatest right-handed pitchers.
0349080|Matisse, Henri, (1869-1954), a French painter, was one of the most influential artists of the 1900's.
0349240|Matter is the substance of which all things are made.
0349260|Matterhorn is a famous mountain peak in the Pennine Alps.
0349280|Matthew, Saint, was one of the 12 apostles of Jesus Christ.
0349300|Matthias, Saint, was an early Christian.
0349410|Matzeliger, Jan Ernst (1852-1889), invented a machine that revolutionized the shoe industry.
0349420|Mau Mau was a secret movement that included Africans who wanted to end European colonial rule in Kenya.
0349440|Maugham, W. Somerset (1874-1965), was a fiction and drama writer who became one of the most popular British authors of the 1900's.
0349480|Mauldin, Bill (1921- ), is an American editorial cartoonist.
0349500|Mauna Kea is a volcano on the island of Hawaii.
0349520|Mauna Loa, a volcanic mountain on the island of Hawaii, rises 13,677 feet (4,169 meters) above sea level in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park.
0349540|Maundy Thursday, also called Holy Thursday, is observed on the Thursday during Holy Week in the Christian calendar.
0349565|Maurer, Ion Gheorghe, (1902- ), served as prime minister of Romania from 1961 until he resigned in 1974.
0349600|Mauriac, Francois, (1885-1970), a French author, won the 1952 Nobel Prize for literature.
0349620|Mauritania is a country in western Africa.
0349640|Mauritius is an island nation in the Indian Ocean.
0349660|Maurois, Andre, (1885-1967), was the pen name of Emile Herzog, a French novelist and biographer.
0349680|Maury, Matthew Fontaine (1806-1873), was a United States naval officer and scientist who did much to improve ocean travel.
0349690|Maurya Empire was the first empire of India to provide a uniform government for almost the entire country.
0349760|Mauve is a delicate pale purple or violet dye.
0349780|Maverick, Samuel Augustus (1803-1870), was a prominent Texas pioneer and statesman.
0349830|Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science is the principal organization for scientific research in Germany.
0349861|Maxim, Sir Hiram Stevens (1840-1916), was an inventor who developed an automatic weapon called the Maxim gun.
0349862|Maxim, Hudson (1853-1927), was an American inventor and explosives expert.
0349880|Maximilian, (1832-1867), ruled as emperor of Mexico from 1864 to 1867.
0349900|Maximilian I, (1459-1519), reigned as Holy Roman Emperor from 1493 to 1519.
0350000|Maxwell, James Clerk (1831-1879), a Scottish scientist, was one of the greatest mathematicians and physicists of the 1800's.
0350020|May is one of the most beautiful months of the year in the North Temperate Zone.
0350080|May Day (May 1) is celebrated as a spring festival in many countries.
0350120|Maya were an American Indian people who developed a magnificent civilization in Central America and south Mexico.
0350150|Mayapple is a plant that grows wild in wooded areas of the eastern half of the United States, as far west as Texas.
0350160|Maybach, Wilhelm, (1846-1929), was a German inventor, engineer, and designer.
0350180|Mayer, Julius Robert von (1814-1878), was a German physician and physicist.
0350200|Mayer, Maria Goeppert, (1906-1972), a German-born physicist, shared the 1963 Nobel Prize in physics with J. Hans Jensen of Germany and Eugene Paul Wigner of the United States.
0350240|Mayflower was the ship that carried the first Pilgrims to America, in 1620.
0350260|Mayflower Compact was the first agreement for self-government ever put in force in America.
0350290|Mayfly is a dainty insect with lacy wings and a slender, forked tail that trails behind it in flight.
0350300|Mayhem, in law, is the offense of making a person less capable of self-defense by maiming the body or by destroying or injuring one of its members.
0350320|Maynor, Dorothy (1910-1996), a black American singer, gained fame for her pure, sweet soprano voice.
0350345|Mayo, Charles Horace (1865-1939), was a prominent American surgeon.
0350350|Mayo, William James (1861-1939), an American physician, helped found the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn., along with his father and his younger brother, Charles (see MAYO CLINIC ).
0350355|Mayo, William Worrall (1819-1911), a surgeon, made important contributions to American medicine.
0350360|Mayo Clinic, in Rochester, Minn., is one of the world's largest medical centers.
0350400|Mayor is the head of a city government in the United States and many other countries.
0350445|Mays, Benjamin Elijah (1894-1984), was an American Baptist minister, educator, and public speaker.
0350450|Mays, Willie (1931- ), became one of the most exciting players in baseball history.
0350460|Mazarin, Jules Cardinal (1602-1661), was, in effect, the ruler of France from 1643 until his death.
0350550|Mazowiecki, Tadeusz, (1927- ), was prime minister of Poland from August 1989 until November 1990.
0350575|Mazzei, Philip (1730-1816), was an Italian physician and merchant who supported the American Colonies during the Revolutionary War (1775-1783).
0350580|Mazzini, Giuseppe, (1805-1872), was an Italian patriot who played an important part in uniting Italy in 1861.
0350600|Mbabane, (pop. 38,636), is the administrative capital of Swaziland, a country in southern Africa.
0350640|McAdam, John Loudon (1756-1836), a Scottish engineer, originated the macadam type of road surface.
0350680|McAfee, Mildred Helen (1900- ), an American educator, commanded the WAVES during World War II.
0350685|McAuliffe, Christa (1948-1986), was chosen to become the first schoolteacher to travel in space.
0350690|McBain, Ed (1926- ), is the pen name of Evan Hunter, a leading American writer of detective fiction.
0350750|McCarthy, Eugene Joseph (1916- ), served as a United States senator from Minnesota from 1959 to 1971.
0350760|McCarthy, Joseph Raymond (1908-1957), a Republican United States senator from Wisconsin, was one of the most controversial figures in American politics.
0350780|McCarthy, Mary (1912-1989), was an American author.
0350785|McCarthyism is a term for the widespread accusations and investigations of suspected Communist activities in the United States during the 1950's.
0350790|McCartney, Paul (1942- ), is a famous English singer, songwriter, and musician.
0350840|McClellan, George Brinton (1826-1885), served for a time as the general in chief of the Union Army during the American Civil War (1861-1865).
0350850|McClintock, Barbara (1902-1992), an American geneticist, won the 1983 Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine.
0350860|McCloskey, John Cardinal (1810-1885), was the first American to be named a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.
0350890|McClung, Nellie (1873-1951), was a leading Canadian feminist and an author.
0350900|McClure, Sir Robert John Le Mesurier (1807-1873), also spelled M'Clure, was a British explorer who led the first expedition to cross the Northwest Passage.
0350920|McClure, Samuel Sidney (1857-1949), was an American editor and publisher.
0350940|McCollum, Elmer Verner (1879-1967), was an American biochemist known for his work on the influence of diet on health.
0350953|McConnell Family Foundation, J. W., is the largest private foundation in Canada.
0350955|McCord, David (1897- ), an American writer, is best known for his poetry for young children.
0350960|McCormack, John (1884-1945), was perhaps the most famous of Irish tenors.
0350980|McCormack, John William (1891-1980), a Democrat from Massachusetts, served as Speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 1962 to 1971.
0351000|McCormick, Cyrus Hall (1809-1884), invented a reaping machine that revolutionized grain harvesting in the United States.
0351040|McCormick, Robert Rutherford (1880-1955), an American editor and publisher, made the Chicago Tribune one of the nation's most important newspapers.
0351070|McCoy, Elijah, (1843-1929), was a black American engineer and inventor who developed the automatic lubricator.
0351080|McCrae, John (1872-1918), was a Canadian physician, soldier, and poet.
0351100|McCullers, Carson (1917-1967), was an American novelist known for her stories of small-town life in the South.
0351120|McCulloch v. Maryland resulted in one of the most important decisions in the history of the U.S. Supreme Court.
0351290|McEnroe, John (1959- ), became one of the world's best tennis players.
0351300|McGill, James (1744-1813), a wealthy Canadian merchant known for his philanthropy (charity), founded McGill University in Montreal, Quebec.
0351320|McGill University is a coeducational university in Montreal, Canada.
0351360|McGillivray, Alexander (1759?-1793), was an influential Creek Indian leader around the time of the Revolutionary War in America (1775-1783).
0351365|McGillivray, William (1764?-1825), served as director of the North West Company, in what is now Canada, from 1804 to 1821.
0351370|McGinley, Phyllis (1905-1978), was a leading American author of light verse.
0351375|McGovern, George Stanley (1922- ), was the Democratic presidential nominee in 1972.
0351380|McGuffey, William Holmes (1800-1873), was an American educator and clergyman.
0351440|McHenry, James (1753-1816), a doctor and politician, was a Maryland signer of the Constitution of the United States.
0351500|McKay, Alexander (1770?-1811), also spelled MacKay, was a Canadian fur trader and explorer.
0351510|McKay, Claude (1890-1948), was a black poet and novelist.
0351520|McKay, Donald (1810-1880), was a Canadian master craftsman who designed and built more than 90 clipper ships.
0351540|McKean, Thomas (1734-1817), an American statesman, was a Delaware signer of the Declaration of Independence.
0351660|McKinley, William (1843-1901), helped shape the modern presidency and set the United States on a path toward world leadership.
0351700|McKissick, Floyd Bixler (1922-1991), was a black American civil rights leader.
0351710|McKuen, Rod (1933- ), is a popular American poet and composer.
0351715|McLaughlin, Audrey Marlene (1936- ), served as leader of Canada's New Democratic Party (NDP) from 1989 to 1995.
0351720|McLoughlin, John (1784-1857), a Canadian-born trader, is sometimes called the father of Oregon.
0351730|McLuhan, Marshall (1911-1980), was a Canadian professor and writer whose theories on mass communication have caused widespread debate.
0351860|McMurtry, Larry (1936- ), is an American novelist whose fiction reflects his Southwestern heritage.
0351880|McNamara, Robert Strange (1916- ), was United States secretary of defense from 1961 to 1968.
0351890|McNary, Charles Linza, (1874-1944), served as a United States senator from Oregon from 1917 until his death.
0351900|McNaughton, Andrew George Latta, (1887-1966), was a noted Canadian soldier of World Wars I and II.
0351980|McPherson, Aimee Semple (1890-1944), a colorful American evangelist, founded the International Church of the Foursquare Gospel.
0352060|Mead, Margaret (1901-1978), was an American anthropologist known for her studies of how culture influences the development of personality.
0352080|Meade, George Gordon (1815-1872), was a Union general in the Civil War (1861-1865).
0352150|Meadowlark is the common name of two similar species of North American birds that inhabit grassy fields, meadows, and prairies.
0352220|Mean, in statistics, is the sum of a series of numbers divided by the number of cases.
0352240|Meany, George (1894-1980), served as the first president of the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO).
0352320|Measles is a disease that causes a pink rash all over the body.
0352420|Measuring worm is a moth caterpillar that moves by looping its body forward.
0352440|Meat is animal flesh that is eaten as food.
0352460|Meat extract is a paste with a highly concentrated meaty flavor.
0352500|Meat packing is the business of slaughtering cattle, hogs, and sheep, and preparing the meat for transportation and sale.
0352540|Mecca, (pop. 463,000), is the holiest city of Islam, the religion of the Muslims.
0352600|Mechanical drawing is a drawing that provides the exact information needed to produce an architectural structure or a manufactured object.
0352680|Mechanics is a science that studies the effects of forces on solids, liquids, and gases at rest or in motion.
0352720|Mechanist philosophy, states that physical phenomena must be explained in terms of laws of cause and effect that describe the motion of matter.
0352830|Medals, decorations, and orders are honors that are awarded to people for bravery or merit.
0352920|Medea was a woman in Greek mythology who had magical powers.
0352930|Medeiros, Humberto S. Cardinal (1915-1983), was appointed a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church by Pope Paul VI in 1973.
0352940|Medellin, (pop. 1,468,089), is the second largest city of Colombia.
0352980|Media was an ancient country that flourished in the 500's B.C. in what is now northern Iran.
0353020|Median, in statistics, is the middle value in a group of numbers arranged in numerical order.
0353035|Medic Alert is a metal emblem that identifies its wearer as someone who has a certain medical problem.
0353037|Medicaid is a federal-state program in the United States that provides medical care for many people who cannot pay for it.
0353050|Medical ethics is the field of study concerned with moral problems created by the practice of modern medicine.
0353110|Medicare is a United States government health insurance program.
0353120|Medici was the name of a ruling family of Florence, Italy.
0353122|Medici, Cosimo de', (1389-1464), was a wealthy banker who ruled Florence, Italy.
0353125|Medici, Lorenzo de', (1449-1492), ruled Florence, Italy, from 1469 until his death.
0353160|Medicine is the science and art of healing.
0353220|Medicine Hat (pop. 43,625) is a city on the South Saskatchewan River in southeastern Alberta.
0353340|Medill, Joseph (1823-1899), a crusading American editor and publisher, made the Chicago Tribune one of the world's most successful newspapers.
0353360|Medina, (pop. 198,186), is a city in western Saudi Arabia.
0353380|Medina, Harold Raymond (1888-1990), an American judge, won international fame for his fair conduct of the trial of 11 American Communist Party leaders in 1949.
0353420|Mediterranean fruit fly is an insect that destroys fruits, nuts, and vegetables.
0353460|Mediterranean Sea, has been one of the world's chief trade routes since ancient times.
0353580|Medusa was one of the three Gorgons, and the only mortal Gorgon (see GORGONS ).
0353600|Meeker, Ezra (1830-1928), was an American pioneer and author.
0353610|Meerkat is a small burrowing animal of Africa.
0353620|Meerschaum is a soft, whitish fibrous or flaky clay.
0353720|Megalithic monuments are structures built of large stones by prehistoric people for burial or religious purposes.
0353745|Megalopolis is a region made up of two or more metropolitan areas.
0353800|Megaphone is a hollow, cone-shaped device used to make a voice sound louder.
0353870|Mehta, Zubin, (1936- ), is a symphony orchestra conductor.
0353900|Meighen, Arthur (1874-1960), served as prime minister of Canada two times during the 1920's.
0353920|Meigs, Cornelia Lynde (1884-1973), an American author, wrote more than two dozen books for children.
0353960|Mein Kampf is a book by Adolf Hitler.
0354000|Meir, Golda (1898-1978), served as prime minister of Israel from 1969 to 1974.
0354020|Meistersinger was one of a group of German poetmusicians who treated literary art as a sort of craft or trade.
0354040|Meitner, Lise, (1878-1968), was an Austrian-born physicist who played an essential role in the discovery of nuclear fission (the splitting of the nucleus of an atom).
0354100|Mekong River is the longest river on the Indochinese peninsula.
0354110|Melaka, also spelled Malacca (pop. 88,073), is the capital of Melaka, a state of Malaysia.
0354160|Melanchthon, Philipp (1497-1560), a German humanist and scholar, was Martin Luther's chief associate in starting and leading the Protestant Reformation.
0354220|Melba, Dame Nellie (1861-1931), was a famous Australian soprano.
0354240|Melbourne (pop. 3,022,157) is the second largest city of Australia.
0354260|Melcher, Frederic Gershom (1879-1963), won the Regina Medal in 1962 for his contributions to children's literature.
0354360|Mellon, Andrew William (1855-1937), was an American financier.
0354370|Mellon Foundation, Andrew W., is an organization that grants funds to institutions in a number of fields.
0354390|Mellophone is a curved brass instrument that resembles a French horn.
0354460|Melon is the name of the fruit of several plants that belong to the gourd family.
0354540|Melting point is the temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid.
0354580|Melville, Herman (1819-1891), ranks among America's major authors.
0354600|Melville Island is one of a group of Canadian islands in the Arctic Ocean, north of Canada's mainland.
0354640|Membrane is a term used to describe biological structures that cover surfaces and separate spaces in organisms.
0354720|Memling, Hans (1430?-1494), was a Flemish painter.
0354780|Memorial may take the form of a statue, monument, building, or park.
0354800|Memorial Day, also called Decoration Day, is a patriotic holiday in the United States.
0354840|Memory is the ability to remember something that has been learned or experienced.
0354860|Memphis was the first capital of ancient Egypt.
0354880|Memphis is the largest city in Tennessee.
0354980|Menander, (342?-291? B.C.), was a Greek playwright who wrote more than 100 comedies.
0354985|Menchu, Rigoberta, (1959- ), a Guatemalan Quiche Indian, won the 1992 Nobel Peace Prize for her work to gain respect for the rights of Guatemala's American Indian peoples.
0354990|Mencius, (390?-305? B.C.), was one of the most influential figures in the development of the Chinese philosophy called Confucianism.
0355000|Mencken, H. L. (1880-1956), was an American journalist, critic, and editor.
0355020|Mendel, Gregor Johann, (1822-1884), an Austrian botanist and monk, formulated the basic laws of heredity.
0355040|Mendeleev, Dmitri Ivanovich, (1834-1907), was a Russian chemist who developed a form of the periodic law, a basic principle in chemistry.
0355060|Mendelevium is an artificially produced radioactive element.
0355100|Mendelsohn, Eric (1887-1953), was a German architect noted for his bold geometric style.
0355120|Mendelssohn, Felix (1809-1847), was a German composer who was widely known and respected in his time.
0355130|Mendelssohn, Moses (1729-1786), was a Jewish philosopher and scholar, and one of the most learned men of his time.
0355220|Menelaus, a king of Sparta, was the husband of Helen of Troy.
0355260|Menendez de Aviles, Pedro, (1519-1574), a Spanish naval captain, founded St. Augustine, the first permanent European settlement in what would become the United States.
0355290|Mengele, Josef (1911-1979), a German doctor, personally selected over 400,000 prisoners to die in gas chambers at Auschwitz, a Nazi concentration camp during World War II (1939-1945).
0355300|Menhaden is a fish that lives in the Atlantic Ocean off the Americas from Nova Scotia to Brazil.
0355320|Meningitis is a disease that affects the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord.
0355381|Menninger, Karl Augustus (1893-1990), was an American psychiatrist whose writings influenced public attitudes toward mental illness.
0355382|Menninger, William Claire (1899-1966), was a leading American psychiatrist.
0355390|Menninger Clinic, a nonprofit organization in Topeka, Kansas, is one of the world's leading psychiatric centers.
0355420|Mennonites, belong to a Protestant group that emphasizes a simple style of life and worship.
0355440|Menominee Indians are a tribe that has lived in the Wisconsin and Upper Michigan region for over 5,000 years.
0355450|Menopause is the time in a woman's life when her menstrual periods stop.
0355480|Menotti, Gian Carlo, (1911- ), an American composer, wrote some of the most popular operas of the mid-1900's.
0355500|Mensheviks were members of a group in the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party.
0355510|Menstruation is the loss of blood and cells that occurs about once a month in most women of childbearing age.
0355580|Mental illness is any disease of the mind or brain that seriously affects a person's thoughts, emotions, personality, or behavior.
0355590|Mental retardation is a condition of subnormal intellectual and social development.
0355620|Menthol is a soft, white substance with a mint odor and a fresh, cool taste.
0355640|Mentor was the elderly friend and adviser of Odysseus, the hero of the Odyssey, an ancient Greek epic.
0355680|Menuhin, Yehudi, (1916- ), is an American violinist who had spectacular success as a child prodigy.
0355740|Mephistopheles is the Devil in a German legend about a magician named Faust.
0355800|Mercantilism was an economic system followed by England, France, and other major trading nations from the 1500's to the late 1700's.
0355820|Mercator, Gerardus, (1512-1594), was a Flemish geographer who became the leading mapmaker of the 1500's.
0355880|Mercenary is a person who serves for pay in the armed forces of a foreign country.
0355940|Merchandise Mart is a major wholesale buying center and one of the largest buildings in the world.
0356000|Merchant marine is a fleet made up of a nation's commercial ships and the men and women who operate them.
0356180|Mercurochrome is the trade name for a weak antiseptic that is used in a water solution.
0356220|Mercury, a silver-colored metal, is one of the chemical elements.
0356240|Mercury is the planet nearest the sun.
0356260|Mercury was the messenger of the gods and the god of roads and travel in Roman mythology.
0356480|Meredith, George (1828-1909), was an English novelist and poet.
0356500|Meredith, James Howard (1933- ), was the first African American to attend the University of Mississippi.
0356560|Merganser is the name of a group of ducks that eat fish.
0356580|Mergenthaler, Ottmar, (1854-1899), invented the Linotype typesetting machine.
0356600|Merger is the combination of two or more independent companies into a single corporation.
0356720|Merimee, Prosper, (1803-1870), a French author, is best known for his novelettes (long short stories).
0356800|Merlin was a magician and prophet who was an adviser to the legendary King Arthur.
0356820|Mermaid was a mythical creature that lived in the sea.
0356903|Merovingian dynasty was a line of Frankish kings who conquered Gaul and surrounding lands beginning in A.D. 486 and ruled until 751.
0356907|Merrill, James (1926-1995), was an American poet whose favorite theme is memory.
0356910|Merrill, Robert (1919- ), an American baritone, became one of the world's leading opera stars.
0356920|Merrill's Marauders, sometimes called Merrill's Raiders, were about 3,000 United States infantrymen who fought under Brigadier General Frank Merrill during World War II (1939-1945).
0356980|Merrimack River flows through southern New Hampshire and northeastern Massachusetts.
0357020|Merry-go-round is a popular children's ride at amusement parks, carnivals, and theme parks.
0357060|Mersey, River, is an important trade waterway in northwest England.
0357090|Merton, Robert King (1910- ), is an American sociologist.
0357110|Merton, Thomas (1915-1968), a Roman Catholic monk, was the most popular spiritual writer of his time.
0357120|Merv is an oasis in central Asia.
0357130|Merwin, W. S. (1927- ), is an American poet and translator.
0357160|Mesa is an isolated hill or mountain that has a flat, tablelike top and steep sides.
0357170|Mesa, Ariz. (pop. 288,091), is one of the largest cities in the state.
0357180|Mesa Verde National Park. Hundreds of years ago, Indians built high cliff dwellings of stone along the canyon walls of a huge plateau in southwestern Colorado.
0357200|Mesabi Range is a chain of hills in northeastern Minnesota.
0357240|Mescaline is a powerful drug that distorts what a person sees and hears and intensifies the emotions.
0357300|Meshed, (pop. 1,463,508), is one of Iran's largest cities and a leading religious center.
0357325|Mesmer, Franz Anton (1734-1815), an Austrian physician, pioneered in the practice of hypnotism.
0357380|Meson is a subatomic particle.
0357440|Mesopotamia was an ancient region in which the world's earliest civilization developed.
0357450|Mesosphere is a layer of the earth's atmosphere.
0357480|Mesquite is the name of a group of thorny, low shrubs that grow in dry climates.
0357560|Messenia is a department (political division) of Greece.
0357590|Messiaen, Olivier, (1908-1992), was a French composer.
0357600|Messiah is a person who is thought of as a savior or liberator by his or her followers.
0357615|Messier, Charles, (1730-1817), was a French astronomer.
0357620|Messina, (pop. 231,693), is one of the largest cities in Sicily, an Italian island in the Mediterranean Sea.
0357660|Mestizo is a Spanish word that comes from the Latin mixtus, meaning mixed.
0357680|Mestrovic, Ivan (1883-1962), was an internationally known Croatian sculptor.
0357720|Metabolism is the sum of the chemical processes by which cells produce the materials and energy necessary for life.
0357780|Metal forms a large part of the earth on which we live.
0357790|Metal detector is an instrument used to locate hidden or lost metal objects.
0357800|Metal fatigue is the gradual weakening of metal after extensive use.
0357820|Metallography is the study of the internal structure of metals and alloys.
0357860|Metallurgy is the science of separating metals from their ores (the minerals or rocks in which they are found), preparing them for use, and improving their performance.
0357900|Metamorphic rock is one of the three main types of rock in the earth's crust.
0357920|Metamorphism is the set of processes by which rocks are changed in form.
0357940|Metamorphosis is a Greek word that means transformation.
0357960|Metaphor, a figure of speech, is an expression taken from one field of experience and used to say something in another field.
0357980|Metaphysical poets is the name given to certain English poets of the 1600's who were influenced by John Donne, the most important member of the group.
0358000|Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy concerned with the basic nature of reality.
0358120|Metchnikoff, Elie, (1845-1916), was a Russian biologist.
0358140|Meteor is a bright streak of light that appears briefly in the sky.
0358200|Meteorology is the study of the earth's atmosphere and the variations in atmospheric conditions that produce weather.
0358240|Meter, also spelled metre, is the base unit of length in the metric system.
0358250|Meter, in poetry, refers to the pattern of rhythm in a poem.
0358265|Methadone is a drug used in experimental programs that help people overcome addiction to such narcotics as heroin, morphine, or opium.
0358275|Methamphetamine is a powerful drug nicknamed "speed.
0358280|Methane is an important industrial compound that makes up a large part of natural gas.
0358300|Methanol is a type of alcohol used for many industrial purposes.
0358320|Method acting is the general approach to acting used by most modern American actors.
0358340|Methodists belong to those Protestant denominations that trace their beginnings back to John Wesley, a clergyman of the Church of England.
0358380|Methuselah was the son of Enoch, the father of Lamech, and the grandfather of Noah in the Old Testament.
0358480|Metis, refers to people of mixed white and American Indian ancestry.
0358540|Metonymy is a figure of speech by which a phrase or word is used for a related phrase or word.
0358560|Metric system is a group of units used to make any kind of measurement, such as length, temperature, time, or weight.
0358580|Metronome is an instrument that beats time for musicians.
0358600|Metropolitan is the title of a high-ranking clergyman in the Anglican, Eastern Orthodox, and Roman Catholic churches.
0358620|Metropolitan area consists of a central city and the developed area that surrounds it.
0358660|Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City is the largest art museum in the United States.
0358700|Metternich, (1773-1859), served as Austrian minister of foreign affairs from 1809 to 1848.
0358740|Meuse River, rises in the Langres Plateau of eastern France, and flows north past Verdun through the Ardennes highlands.
0358745|Mexicali, (pop. 601,938), is the capital and one of the largest cities of the Mexican state of Baja California Norte.
0358760|Mexican hairless is a dog that has no coat of hair.
0358780|Mexican War (1846-1848) was fought between the United States and Mexico over disagreements that had been accumulating for two decades.
0358800|Mexico is the northernmost country of Latin America.
0358850|Mexico, National Autonomous University of, is the largest university in Mexico.
0358860|Mexico City is the capital of Mexico and one of the largest cities in the world.
0358900|Meyer, Julius Lothar (1830-1895), a German chemist, showed the relation between the atomic weights and properties of the elements.
0358920|Meyerbeer, Giacomo (1791-1864), was one of the most popular opera composers of his day.
0358930|Mfume, Kweisi, (1948- ), became president and chief executive officer of the National Association of Colored People (NAACP) in 1996.
0359020|Miami, Florida (pop. 358,548; met. area pop. 1,937,094), is a world-famous resort city.
0359060|Miami Beach, Florida (pop. 92,639), is one of North America's most famous resort centers.
0359080|Miami Indians are a tribe that lived in several areas near the Great Lakes.
0359160|Mica is the name of a group of minerals that contain atoms of aluminum, oxygen, and silicon bonded together into flat sheets.
0359200|Micah, Book of, is a book of the Hebrew Bible, or Old Testament, named for a Hebrew prophet.
0359280|Michael, Saint, is one of the four archangels in both Jewish and Christian scriptures.
0359320|Michaelmas is a festival held on September 29 in the Roman Catholic and Anglican churches, and on November 8 in the Greek, Armenian, and Coptic churches.
0359360|Michelangelo, (1475-1564), was one of the most famous artists in history.
0359400|Michelson, Albert Abraham (1852-1931), was the first American citizen to win a Nobel Prize in science.
0359420|Michener, James Albert (1907- ), an American author, won the 1948 Pulitzer Prize for fiction for his collection of stories, Tales of the South Pacific (1947).
0359430|Michener, Roland (1900-1991), was governor general of Canada from 1967 to 1974.
0359440|Michigan is an important industrial, farming, tourist, and mining state in the Great Lakes region of the United States.
0359480|Michigan, University of, is a state-controlled coeducational university.
0359500|Michigan State University is a state-supported coeducational school in East Lansing, Michigan.
0359580|Micmac Indians are a tribe of eastern Canada.
0359630|Microbiology is the study of microscopic organisms.
0359700|Microcrystalline wax is widely used in making special types of paper for packaging.
0359710|Microencapsulation is the process of enclosing a substance in a capsule so that the substance can be easily released.
0359740|Microfilm is a kind of photographic film on which reduced images of printed and other materials are recorded.
0359780|Micrometer is a mechanical device that measures small distances or angles.
0359790|Micrometer, also called micron, is a metric unit of length.
0359830|Micronesia, Federated States of, is a country in the North Pacific Ocean.
0359860|Microphone is a device that changes sound into electric energy.
0359920|Microscope is an instrument that magnifies extremely small objects so they can be seen easily.
0359940|Microtome is a device used to cut materials very thin so that they can be seen in cross section under a microscope.
0359960|Microtomy, originally meant microscopic cutting.
0359980|Microwave is a short radio wave.
0359990|Microwave oven is an appliance that heats food by penetrating it with short radio waves.
0360040|Midas was a character in Greek mythology.
0360050|Middle age refers to an arbitrary period in a person's life between early adulthood and old age.
0360060|Middle Ages were the period between ancient and modern times in western Europe.
0360080|Middle America is a term geographers sometimes use for the area between the United States and South America.
0360100|Middle Atlantic States are New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania.
0360120|Middle class is a group of people between the upper class and the lower class in a society.
0360160|Middle East is a large region that covers parts of northern Africa, southwestern Asia, and southeastern Europe.
0360190|Middle school is a school designed for students in sixth, seventh, and eighth grade.
0360300|Middleton, Arthur (1742-1787), was a South Carolina signer of the Declaration of Independence.
0360320|Midge is any of a large family of small flies.
0360480|Midnight sun is a term used for the sun when it can be seen 24 hours a day in the earth's polar regions.
0360580|Midway Island lies 1,300 miles (2,090 kilometers) northwest of Honolulu in the Pacific Ocean.
0360600|Midwestern States are Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin.
0360640|Midwife is a person who helps women give birth.
0360660|Midwife toad is the name of certain small toads of central and southwestern Europe.
0360680|Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig (1886-1969), was one of the most influential architects of the 1900's.
0360700|Mifflin, Thomas (1744-1800), represented Pennsylvania at the Constitutional Convention of 1787 and signed the Constitution of the United States.
0360740|Mignonette is an attractive garden plant of North America and Europe.
0360780|Migrant labor is a farm labor force that moves into a region temporarily to help harvest and process crops.
0360800|Migration, in biology, is the movement of animals to a place that offers better living conditions.
0360920|Mikado was the ancient title of the Emperor of Japan.
0360940|Mikan, George (1924- ), became the most famous--and perhaps the dominant--basketball player of the 1940's and early 1950's.
0360950|Miki, Takeo, (1907-1988), served as prime minister of Japan from December 1974 to December 1976.
0361020|Milan, (pop. 1,369,231), is the second largest city in Italy.
0361040|Milan Cathedral is a large church in Milan, Italy.
0361060|Milan Decree was a fundamental step in the Continental System, a plan of French Emperor Napoleon I to destroy Britain by ending British trade with continental Europe.
0361080|Mildew is the name of several kinds of fungi that attack plants and some products made from plants and animals.
0361100|Mile is a unit of length.
0361120|Miles, Nelson Appleton (1839-1925), a noted American military officer, served in the Civil War, the Indian wars, and the Spanish-American War.
0361160|Milhaud, Darius, (1892-1974), was a French-born composer noted for his works for the stage.
0361180|Milhous, Katherine (1894-1977), was an American author and illustrator of children's books.
0361300|Military discharge ends a person's period of service in the armed forces.
0361380|Military police are the trained police maintained by a nation's armed forces.
0361420|Military school is an institution that educates people and trains them in military arts and sciences.
0361440|Military science is the study of scientific principles that control the conduct of war.
0361500|Military training is training in the art and science of war.
0361540|Militia includes all able-bodied persons who are liable to be called into the armed forces in time of national emergency.
0361560|Milk is the most nourishing of all foods and a favorite drink of people throughout the world.
0361620|Milk snake is a type of kingsnake that farmers once believed took milk from cows.
0361660|Milking machine is a device that milks cows.
0361700|Milkweed is the name of more than 100 kinds of plants that have tufts of silky hairs on the seeds and contain a milky juice.
0361720|Milky Way is the galaxy that includes the sun, the earth, and the rest of our solar system.
0361760|Mill was the family name of three British writers--father, son, and the son's wife.
0361780|Millais, Sir John Everett (1829-1896), an English painter, helped found the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood in 1848.
0361800|Millay, Edna St. Vincent (1892-1950), was an American poet.
0361880|Millennium, means any period of 1,000 years.
0361940|Miller, Arthur (1915- ), is a leading American playwright.
0361970|Miller, Dorie (1919-1943), was a famous African American hero of World War II (1939-1945).
0361980|Miller, Glenn (1904-1944), was a popular American dance band leader, arranger, and trombonist.
0362000|Miller, Henry (1891-1980), became one of the most controversial American authors of his time.
0362020|Miller, Joaquin, (1837-1913), was an American poet who wrote about the West.
0362090|Miller, Samuel Freeman (1816-1890), served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1862 until his death.
0362120|Miller, William Edward (1914-1983), was the Republican nominee for Vice President of the United States in the 1964 election.
0362170|Milles, Carl (1875-1955), was a Swedish-American sculptor.
0362200|Millet is any one of a group of grasses that produce small, edible seeds.
0362220|Millet, Jean Francois, (1814-1875), a French artist, was the most significant painter of peasant life of the 1800's.
0362280|Millikan, Robert Andrews (1868-1953) was a distinguished American physicist.
0362440|Millipede, also spelled millepede, is a wormlike, many-legged animal.
0362480|Mills, Robert (1781-1855), was one of the first Americans trained as an architect and engineer.
0362560|Milne, A. A. (1882-1956), an English author, became famous for his children's stories and poems.
0362565|Milne, David Brown (1882-1953), was an important Canadian painter.
0362570|Milnes, Sherrill (1935- ), is an American operatic baritone known for his rich voice and great range.
0362590|Milos, or Melos, is a Greek island in the Aegean Sea.
0362595|Milosevic, Slobodan, (1941- ), became president of Serbia, one of the republics that make up Yugoslavia, in 1989.
0362600|Milstein, Nathan (1904-1992), was a well-known and beloved violinist.
0362620|Miltiades, (540?-488? B.C.), was a famous general of ancient Athens.
0362640|Milton, John (1608-1674), was an English poet and political writer.
0362660|Milwaukee is the largest city in Wisconsin and one of the major industrial centers of the United States.
0362700|Mimicry is the condition in which one living organism closely resembles, or mimics, its surroundings or another animal or plant.
0362720|Mimosa is the name of a group of trees, shrubs, and herbs that have featherlike leaves.
0362740|Minaret is a tall, usually slender, tower attached to the Muslim house of worship, called a mosque.
0362780|Minch, The, is a broad strait that separates the island of Lewis with Harris, in the Outer Hebrides, from the west coast of Scotland.
0362800|Mind. Psychologists, psychiatrists, and philosophers have held many views on the nature of the mind.
0362820|Mind reading is a term loosely applied to various forms of extrasensory perception (ESP), especially telepathy and clairvoyance.
0362900|Mindszenty, Joseph Cardinal (1892-1975), a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, was a religious leader in Hungary.
0362920|Mine warfare is the use of explosive devices called mines to kill enemy troops and destroy their ships, tanks, and other equipment.
0363020|Miner, Jack (1865-1944), was a Canadian bird conservationist and researcher of North American bird migrations.
0363040|Mineral is the most common solid material found on the earth.
0363060|Mineral oil is a clear, colorless, oily liquid with almost no taste or odor.
0363080|Mineral water, also called aerated water, is spring water with a high content of mineral matter or of gas.
0363180|Minerva was one of the most important goddesses in ancient Roman mythology.
0363200|Mines, Bureau of, is an agency of the United States Department of the Interior.
0363220|Ming dynasty ruled China from A.D. 1368 to 1644, a period of Chinese rule between two foreign conquests.
0363230|Miniature bull terrier is a small, muscular dog.
0363280|Miniature pinscher is a toy dog of the terrier family.
0363300|Miniature schnauzer is a breed of dog that originated in Germany in the 1800's.
0363320|Minim is the smallest unit of fluid measure in the apothecaries' system of measurement.
0363330|Minimal art was a style of painting and sculpture that developed in the 1960's, particularly in the United States.
0363340|Minimum wage is the smallest amount of money per hour that an employer may legally pay a worker.
0363360|Mining is the process of taking minerals or coal from the earth.
0363400|Minister, in international relations, is a diplomatic agent who represents his or her country in a foreign land.
0363420|Minister, in religion, is one who serves.
0363480|Ministry, in government, is a body of executive officers who advise the head of a country or directly control a nation's affairs.
0363500|Mink is a small mammal prized for its fur.
0363510|Minke, whale is a relatively small whale that lives in all oceans from the polar regions to the tropics.
0363540|Minneapolis is the largest city in Minnesota and a major Midwestern center of finance, industry, trade, and transportation.
0363600|Minnehaha Falls is a waterfall on Minnehaha Creek in Minneapolis, Minn.
0363620|Minnesinger was one of a group of German love poets who flourished from the late 1100's to the late 1300's.
0363640|Minnesota is a large state in the Midwestern United States.
0363660|Minnesota, University of, is a state-supported coeducational institution.
0363680|Minnesota River is a large branch of the Mississippi River.
0363700|Minnow is a common name for fish in the carp and minnow family.
0363740|Minor is a person who is under legal age.
0363800|Minorca, also spelled Menorca, is the second largest island of the Balearic Islands, which lie off the east coast of the mainland of Spain (see BALEARIC ISLANDS ).
0363820|Minority group is a group of people who differ in some ways from the principal group in a society.
0363840|Minos was a king of Crete in Greek mythology.
0363880|Minot, George Richards (1885-1950), an American physician, was one of the world's greatest authorities on the functions of blood and on blood diseases.
0363900|Minotaur, in Greek mythology, was a monster with the head of a bull and the body of a man.
0363920|Minsk (pop. 1,613,000) is the capital of Belarus.
0363940|Minstrel is a term most broadly used to refer to professional entertainers who flourished in Europe during the Middle Ages.
0363960|Minstrel show was the first uniquely American form of show business.
0363980|Mint is a place where coins are made.
0364000|Mint is the name of a large family of plants that grow mostly in temperate regions.
0364020|Minto, Earl of (1845-1914), was a British colonial administrator who served as governor general of Canada from 1898 to 1904.
0364040|Minuet was the leading couple dance of the European royal courts and high society from the late 1600's to the late 1700's.
0364060|Minuit, Peter (1580-1638), was a Dutch colonial governor who bought Manhattan Island from the Indians in 1626.
0364080|Minute is a unit that is used to measure both time and angles.
0364130|Minutemen were volunteer soldiers who fought for the American Colonies against Britain at the beginning of the Revolutionary War in America (1775-1783).
0364200|Mira, a giant red star, was one of the first stars of variable brightness to be discovered.
0364220|Mirabeau, Comte de (1749-1791), was a French statesman, orator, and leader of the French Revolution (1789-1799).
0364240|Miracle is an event that cannot be explained through the known laws of nature.
0364280|Miracle play is a form of religious drama which was popular in the Middle Ages.
0364320|Mirage is a type of optical illusion.
0364340|Miramichi River is an important waterway in New Brunswick.
0364360|Miranda, Francisco de (1750-1816), a Venezuelan patriot, fought in the American, French, and Spanish-American revolutions.
0364370|Miranda v. Arizona was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States limited the power of police to question suspects.
0364380|Miro, Joan, (1893-1983), was a Spanish painter who developed an imaginative and extremely personal style.
0364400|Mirror is any smooth surface that reflects most of the light striking it.
0364410|Miscarriage, also called spontaneous abortion, is the accidental or natural ending of a pregnancy before a baby can live outside its mother's body.
0364420|Misdemeanor is any violation of the law which is less serious than a felony.
0364470|Miskolc, (pop. 211,660), is a city in Hungary.
0364510|Missile boat is a small, fast warship that can fire guided missiles.
0364550|Mission life in America thrived for more than 250 years in a belt of North America known as the Spanish Borderlands.
0364555|Missionary is a person sent by a religious group to convert others to his or her faith.
0364580|Mississauga, (pop. 463,388), is one of the largest cities in Ontario, Canada.
0364600|Mississippi is a state that is going through a period of great change.
0364620|Mississippi, University of, is a state-supported coeducational school with campuses in Oxford and Jackson, Miss.
0364680|Mississippi River is one of the chief rivers of North America and the second longest river in the United States.
0364700|Mississippi Scheme was a wild financial project formulated in France in 1717.
0364740|Mississippi State University is a coeducational school in Mississippi State, Miss.
0364745|Mississippi University for Women is a state-controlled coeducational school in Columbus, Miss.
0364760|Mississippian Period was the early part of the Carboniferous Period in the Paleozoic Era of geologic history.
0364780|Missoula, (pop. 42,918), is one of the largest cities in Montana.
0364800|Missouri is an important industrial and farming state of the Midwest region of the United States.
0364820|Missouri, University of, is a coeducational state university system.
0364840|Missouri Compromise was a plan agreed upon by the United States Congress in 1820 to settle the debate over slavery in the Louisiana Purchase area.
0364860|Missouri River is the longest river in the United States.
0364940|Mistletoe is a plant that grows as a parasite on the trunks and branches of various trees.
0364980|Mistral, Frederic, (1830-1914), was a famous French poet who won the 1904 Nobel Prize for literature.
0365000|Mistral, Gabriela, (1889-1957), was the pen name of Lucila Godoy Alcayaga, a Chilean poet and educator.
0365010|Mitanni was an ancient kingdom in northern Mesopotamia.
0365015|Mitchel, John Purroy (1879-1918), was elected reform mayor of New York City in 1913.
0365030|Mitchell, Arthur (1934- ), was the first black American to dance with a major classical ballet company.
0365040|Mitchell, Billy (1879-1936), a United States Army general, was one of the most controversial figures in American military history.
0365060|Mitchell, George John (1933- ), was a United States senator from Maine from 1980 to 1995.
0365065|Mitchell, Joan (1926-1992), an American painter, was a major figure in the artistic movement known as abstract expressionism.
0365070|Mitchell, John Newton (1913-1988), served as attorney general of the United States from 1969 to 1972.
0365080|Mitchell, Margaret (1900-1949), an American author, wrote Gone with the Wind (1936), one of the most popular novels of all time.
0365100|Mitchell, Maria (1818-1889), an American astronomer, became known for her studies of sunspots and of satellites of planets.
0365110|Mitchell, Wesley Clair (1874-1948), was an American economist known for his studies of the rise and fall in business activity.
0365140|Mite is the common name for a type of small animal related to ticks.
0365160|Mithra was a god of the tribes of the Aryans who settled in ancient Persia.
0365180|Mithridates VI, (120?-63 B.C.), was king of Pontus, an area in what is now Turkey.
0365240|Mitral valve prolapse, sometimes called MVP, is a common heart valve disorder.
0365260|Mitropoulos, Dimitri (1896-1960), was a symphony orchestra and opera conductor.
0365290|Mitterrand, Francois Maurice (1916-1996), served as president of France from 1981 to 1995.
0365295|Miwok Indians is the name of three groups in northern California who speak related languages.
0365300|Mix, Tom (1880-1940), became one of America's most famous motion-picture cowboys.
0365410|Mixtec Indians, maintained one of the most important cultures in central Mexico from about A.D. 900 until about 1520.
0365420|Moa is any one of about 13 species (kinds) of extinct birds that once lived on the North Island and the South Island of New Zealand.
0365480|Moabite stone. This ancient stone bears some of the earliest writing in Hebrew-Phoenician characters.
0365540|Mobile, (pop. 196,278; met. area pop. 476,923), is Alabama's second largest city and its only seaport.
0365550|Mobile is a type of sculpture that originated during the early 1900's.
0365580|Mobile home is a movable, factory-built house.
0365600|Mobile River is a short river that helps drain the delta at the head of Mobile Bay in southwestern Alabama.
0365630|Mobius strip is a continuous loop with a half-twist in it.
0365640|Mobutu Sese Seko, (1930- ), has been president of Zaire since 1965.
0365680|Moccasin is a soft, slipperlike shoe originally worn by North American Indians.
0365760|Mock orange is the name of a group of shrubs native to North America, eastern Asia, and Europe.
0365800|Mockingbird is the name of more than 30 species of birds native to the Western Hemisphere.
0365840|Mode, in statistics, is that value in any group that occurs most frequently.
0365880|Model Parliament was the name given in the 1800's to the parliament that met at Westminster, in England, in 1295.
0365940|Modeling is a profession in which people display clothing and other products or illustrate various situations.
0366060|Modigliani, Amedeo, (1884-1920), was an important Italian artist of the early 1900's.
0366100|Modoc Indians are a small tribe closely related to the Klamath Indians.
0366160|Moffat Tunnel is one of the longest railroad tunnels in the world.
0366200|Mogadishu, (pop. 750,000), is the capital and largest city of Somalia.
0366220|Mogollon is the name of prehistoric Indians who lived in southeastern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico from about 500 B.C. to A.D. 1200.
0366240|Mogul Empire, or Mughal Empire, ruled most of India in the 1500's and 1600's.
0366280|Mohair is the name given to the hair of the Angora goat.
0366420|Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, (1919-1980), was the shah (king) of Iran from 1941 to 1979.
0366465|Mohave Indians are a tribe who live in Colorado, Arizona, and Nevada along the Colorado River.
0366480|Mohawk Indians are a tribe of Iroquois Indians who once occupied an area near the Mohawk River in central New York.
0366500|Mohawk River is the largest tributary of the Hudson River.
0366520|Mohawk Trail was a route westward along the Mohawk River from the Hudson River to the Great Lakes.
0366525|Mohegan Indians became a powerful tribe in New England during colonial times.
0366600|Moi, Daniel Toroitich arap (1924- ), became president of Kenya in 1978.
0366630|Moire pattern is a pattern of lines formed when two regularly spaced patterns overlap but are not aligned.
0366660|Mojave Desert, in southeastern California, is a vast desert wasteland covering about 25,000 square miles (64,700 square kilometers).
0366700|Molasses is a thick, sweet, sticky syrup.
0366720|Molasses Act was a British law passed in 1733 to change a pattern of trade in the American Colonies.
0366780|Mold is a type of fungus that often grows on food.
0366810|Moldova is a country in south-central Europe bordered by Romania on the west and by Ukraine on the other three sides.
0366820|Mole is a small, thick-bodied mammal that lives underground.
0366830|Mole is a unit used in chemistry to measure the amount of a substance.
0366840|Mole is a colored growth on the skin.
0366860|Mole cricket is a type of large insect that burrows in the ground like a mole.
0366865|Mole-rat is a type of small rodent.
0366880|Molecular biology is the study of those molecules that direct molecular processes in cells.
0366900|Molecule is one of the basic units of matter.
0366940|Moliere, (1622-1673), was the stage name of Jean Baptiste Poquelin, the greatest French writer of comedy.
0367000|Mollusk is a soft-bodied animal that has no bones.
0367010|Molly is the name of a group of small, colorful fish popular in home aquariums.
0367020|Molly Maguires was the popular name for members of a secret society of immigrant Irish coal miners in the United States.
0367040|Molnar, Ferenc, (1878-1952), became the most widely known Hungarian dramatist of his time.
0367100|Molotov, Vyacheslav Mikhailovich, (1890-1986), became widely known during two terms as foreign minister of the Soviet Union.
0367140|Molting is the process by which an animal sheds worn hair, skin, scales, feathers, or fur and grows a new body covering.
0367160|Moltke, Helmuth Karl von (1800-1891), was a Prussian military genius.
0367220|Molybdenum is a hard, silvery-white metallic element.
0367240|Mombasa, (pop. 442,369), is the second largest city of Kenya, after Nairobi.
0367260|Moment, in physics, is the product of a quantity multiplied by a particular distance from a fulcrum, or axis.
0367300|Momentum, in physics, was called the quantity of motion of a moving body by the English scientist Sir Issac Newton.
0367360|Monaco is one of the smallest countries in the world.
0367420|Monarchy is a form of government in which one person who inherits, or is elected to, a throne is head of state for life.
0367440|Monasticism is a special form of religious community life.
0367450|Monazite is a heavy, yellow-brown mineral.
0367460|Monck, Viscount (1819-1894), was the first governor general of the Dominion of Canada.
0367480|Moncton, New Brunswick (pop. 57,010), is a major transportation and distributing center for the Maritime Provinces of Canada.
0367510|Mondale, Walter Frederick (1928- ), was Vice President of the United States from 1977 to 1981 under President Jimmy Carter.
0367520|Monday is the second day of the week.
0367540|Mondrian, Piet, (1872-1944), was a Dutch painter.
0367560|Monel metal is an important alloy of nickel and copper.
0367575|Moneran, also called prokaryote, is the name of a group of primitive one-celled organisms.
0367580|Monet, Claude (1840-1926), a French painter, was a leader of the impressionist movement.
0367640|Money is anything that is generally accepted by people in exchange for the things they sell or the work they do.
0367642|Money market fund is a mutual fund that invests only in short-term securities.
0367645|Money order is a document directing that a sum of money be paid to a certain person.
0367660|Mongol Empire was the biggest land empire in history.
0367680|Mongolia is a country that lies between China and Russia in east-central Asia.
0367740|Mongoose is the name of several closely related small animals that live in Africa and southern Asia.
0367800|Monitor is the name of a group of about 30 kinds of lizards that live in the Solomon Islands, New Guinea, Australia, the East Indies, southern Asia, and Africa.
0367840|Monitor and Merrimack fought a famous naval battle in the American Civil War (1861-1865).
0367860|Monitoring station receives and measures signals from radio transmitters.
0367900|Monk is a man who has separated himself from ordinary ways of life to devote himself to his religion.
0367920|Monk, George (1608-1670), was an English general and naval commander.
0367930|Monk, Thelonious, (1917-1982), was an American composer, pianist, and bandleader.
0367940|Monkey is one of many kinds of small, lively mammals that rank among the most intelligent animals.
0367980|Monkey flower is the name of a large group of herbs and small shrubs.
0368060|Monmouth, Duke of (1649-1685), was an Englishman who led an unsuccessful rebellion against King James II.
0368100|Monnet, Jean, (1888-1979), a French businessman and statesman, led the movement to unify Western Europe in the 1950's and 1960's.
0368150|Monoclonal antibody is a specialized type of protein molecule produced in the laboratory.
0368160|Monocotyledon is a type of flowering plant that has one cotyledon (leafy structure within the plant's seed).
0368300|Monomer is any molecule that can combine with identical molecules or certain other molecules to form a long, chainlike molecule called a polymer.
0368380|Monongahela River, provides river transportation between the rich coal fields of southwestern Pennsylvania and the steel factories at Pittsburgh.
0368400|Mononucleosis, also called infectious mononucleosis, is a mild infectious disease.
0368460|Monopoly and competition are two kinds of business conditions.
0368480|Monorail is a railroad that has only one rail.
0368500|Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a white, crystalline substance used in the preparation and processing of many foods.
0368540|Monotype is a machine used to produce metal type for printing.
0368580|Monroe, Harriet (1860-1936), was an American poet and editor.
0368600|Monroe, James (1758-1831), is best remembered for the Monroe Doctrine, proclaimed in 1823.
0368610|Monroe, Marilyn (1926-1962), was an American motion-picture actress.
0368620|Monroe Doctrine was set forth by President James Monroe in a message he delivered to the Congress of the United States on Dec. 2, 1823.
0368660|Monrovia, (pop. 421,058), is the capital and chief city of Liberia.
0368780|Monsoon is a seasonal wind that blows over the northern part of the Indian Ocean, especially the Arabian Sea, and over most of the surrounding land areas.
0368800|Mont Blanc is the highest mountain in the Alps.
0368840|Mont Pelee is an active volcano on the north end of Martinique in the French West Indies.
0368865|Mont-Saint-Michel is a large, steep granite rock that lies off the coast of Normandy, a region in northern France.
0368880|Montagnais Indians are a tribe that once hunted and fished throughout the southern Labrador Peninsula in Canada.
0368900|Montaigne, Michel Eyquem de, (1533-1592), a French writer, is considered by many the creator of the personal essay.
0368910|Montale, Eugenio, (1896-1981), was an Italian lyric poet and literary critic.
0368920|Montana is the fourth largest state of the United States.
0368930|Montana, Joe (1956- ), was one of the greatest quarterbacks in professional football history.
0368950|Montana, University of, is a coeducational state-supported school in Missoula, Mont.
0368980|Montana State University is a state-assisted coeducational school in Bozeman, Montana.
0369020|Montcalm, Marquis de, (1712-1759), a French general, was killed in one of the last great battles between the French and British in America.
0369080|Monte Carlo, (pop. 11,599), is the tourist region of the principality of Monaco.
0369140|Monte Cassino is an abbey in Italy, located between Rome and Naples.
0369160|Monte Cristo is a small, barren Italian island in the Mediterranean Sea.
0369200|Montenegro is one of the two republics of Yugoslavia.
0369220|Monterey, Calif. (pop. 31,954), is a port city that lies along the southern end of Monterey Bay.
0369240|Monterrey, (pop. 1,069,238; met. area pop. 2,521,697), is one of Mexico's largest cities.
0369300|Montesquieu, (1689-1755), was a French philosopher.
0369320|Montessori, Maria (1870-1952), was an Italian educator and physician.
0369340|Montessori method is an educational system designed to aid children in the development of intelligence and independence.
0369360|Monteux, Pierre (1875-1964), was a leading French conductor of the 1900's.
0369380|Monteverdi, Claudio, (1567-1643), was an Italian composer.
0369400|Montevideo, (pop. 1,247,920), is the capital, largest city, and chief port of Uruguay.
0369422|Montezuma II, (1466?-1520), was an Aztec emperor who ruled in what is now Mexico from 1502 to 1520.
0369440|Montezuma Castle National Monument is in central Arizona.
0369480|Montfort, Simon de, (1208?-1265), an English statesman and soldier, contributed to the growth of parliamentary government in England.
0369510|Montgolfier brothers were French papermakers who invented the hot-air balloon.
0369520|Montgomery, Ala. (pop. 187,106; met. area 292,517), is the state capital and an agricultural center of the South.
0369540|Montgomery, Bernard Law (1887-1976), was a British Army commander in World War II.
0369580|Montgomery, Lucy Maud (1874-1942), was a Canadian author best known for her novel Anne of Green Gables (1908).
0369640|Month. The calendar year is divided into 12 parts, each of which is called a month.
0369660|Monticello is the home Thomas Jefferson designed and built for himself on a hilltop just outside Charlottesville, Va.
0369680|Montmorency River is a short, swift river in Quebec.
0369700|Montpelier, Vt. (pop. 8,247), the state capital, stands along the Winooski River in the central part of the state.
0369720|Montreal is the largest city in Quebec and the largest French-speaking city in the world after Paris.
0369740|Montreal, University of, or Universite de Montreal, is a private, coeducational university in Montreal, Que.
0369780|Monts, Sieur de (1560?-1630?), was a French explorer and colonizer who settled the region of Acadia in Canada.
0369790|Montserrat is one of the Leeward Islands in the West Indies.
0369800|Montserrat is a famous Benedictine monastery about 30 miles (48 kilometers) northwest of Barcelona, Spain.
0369820|Monument is a structure, usually a building or statue, built in memory of a person or an event.
0369900|Mood is a person's state of mind or outlook on life.
0369920|Mood, or mode, is a term applied to verb forms that distinguish among certain kinds of meaning.
0369940|Moodie, Susanna (1803-1885), was a Canadian author.
0369960|Moody, Dwight Lyman (1837-1899), was an American evangelist.
0370020|Moody, William Vaughn (1869-1910), was an American dramatist, poet, teacher, and literary historian.
0370040|Moody Bible Institute, in Chicago, is an independent school that trains pastors, missionaries, and church-related workers.
0370060|Moon is the earth's nearest neighbor in space.
0370120|Moonflower is an attractive flower in the morning-glory family.
0370140|Moonstone is a whitish variety of the mineral called feldspar (see FELDSPAR ).
0370160|Moor is a large area of open wasteland.
0370240|Moore, Clement Clarke (1779-1863), an American scholar, is generally considered the author of the popular Christmas ballad "An Account of a Visit from St. Nicholas.
0370280|Moore, Douglas Stuart (1893-1969), was an American composer, best known for his operas on American subjects.
0370290|Moore, G. E. (1873-1958), a British philosopher, thought of philosophy as a rational approach to practical questions about the real world.
0370300|Moore, George Augustus (1852-1933), was an Irish author.
0370320|Moore, Henry (1898-1986), is considered the greatest English sculptor of the 1900's.
0370360|Moore, Marianne (1887-1972), ranks with Emily Dickinson among America's finest woman poets.
0370380|Moore, Thomas (1779-1852), an Irish poet, wrote the words for some of the best-loved songs in the English language.
0370470|Moors is a term that commonly refers to Muslims who speak Arabic and live in northwestern Africa.
0370480|Moose is the largest member of the deer family.
0370510|Moose International, Inc., is a fraternal and service organization.
0370520|Moose Jaw (pop. 33,593) is a center for service industries and manufacturing in southern Saskatchewan.
0370620|Mora, Juan Rafael (1814-1860), served as president of Costa Rica from 1849 to 1859.
0370640|Moraine is the earth and stones that a glacier carries along and deposits when the ice melts.
0370670|Moral education is instruction focused on questions of right and wrong.
0370700|Morale is the general attitude or outlook of an individual or a group toward a specific situation.
0370720|Morality play is a form of drama that flourished in the 1400's.
0370740|Moratorium is a postponement of the time for payment of debts or financial obligations.
0370760|Moravia is a geographic region of the Czech Republic.
0370790|Moravian Church is a Protestant denomination that was formed after the death of religious reformer John Hus in Bohemia.
0370920|Mordant is a chemical that combines with dyes to prevent them from dissolving easily.
0370980|More, Saint Thomas (1477?-1535), was a great English author, statesman, and scholar.
0371120|Mores are customs that reflect a society's ideas about right and wrong.
0371140|Morgagni, Giovanni Battista, (1682-1771), an Italian anatomist and pathologist, became known as "the father of pathological anatomy.
0371160|Morgan is the family name of three great American bankers.
0371200|Morgan, Daniel (1736-1802), served as an American officer in the Revolutionary War.
0371230|Morgan, Garrett Augustus (1877-1963), was an American inventor.
0371240|Morgan, Sir Henry (1635?-1688), was the most famous English buccaneer (pirate).
0371260|Morgan, John Hunt (1825-1864), a Confederate general, led a famous group of soldiers called Morgan's Raiders during the Civil War (1861-1865).
0371280|Morgan, Justin (1748-1798), owned and gave his name to a horse that was the original stallion of the breed of Morgan horses.
0371300|Morgan, Lewis Henry (1818-1881), was an American anthropologist who founded the comparative scientific study of kinship systems.
0371320|Morgan, Thomas Hunt (1866-1945), an American geneticist, won the 1933 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine for his work on heredity described in The Theory of the Gene (1926).
0371400|Morgantown, W. Va. (pop. 25,879), is the home of West Virginia University.
0371440|Morgenthau, Henry, Jr. (1891-1967), served as United States secretary of the treasury from 1934 to 1945 under Presidents Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry S. Truman.
0371500|Morike, Eduard, (1804-1875), was a German lyric poet.
0371540|Morison, Samuel Eliot (1887-1976), was an American historian, teacher of history, and winner of two Pulitzer Prizes.
0371550|Morisot, Berthe, (1841-1895), was a French painter and an important member of the impressionist movement.
0371600|Morley, Thomas (1557 or 1558-1602), was an English composer of the Renaissance period.
0371620|Mormon cricket is not really a cricket but belongs to the family of katydids and long-horned grasshoppers.
0371640|Mormons is the name commonly given to members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
0371660|Morning-glory is the name of a family made up mainly of climbing plants.
0371760|Morocco is a country in the northwestern corner of Africa.
0371810|Moroni (pop. 26,000) is the capital and largest city of Comoros.
0371820|Morpheus was a god of dreams in Greek mythology.
0371840|Morphine is a drug used to relieve severe pain and to treat several other medical problems.
0371880|Morphology is the branch of science that deals with the structure of animals, plants, and nonliving matter.
0371900|Morrill, Justin Smith (1810-1898), was a United States political leader.
0371950|Morris, Desmond (1928- ), is a British zoologist.
0371960|Morris, Esther Hobart (1814-1902), led the fight for women's suffrage in Wyoming.
0371980|Morris, Gouverneur, (1752-1816), was an American statesman and diplomat.
0372000|Morris, Lewis (1726-1798), was a signer of the Declaration of Independence from New York.
0372020|Morris, Robert (1734-1806), a Pennsylvania merchant and banker, was one of six people who signed both the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution of the United States.
0372060|Morris, William (1834-1896), was an English poet, artist, and socialist reformer.
0372170|Morrison, Toni (1931- ), a black American novelist, won the 1993 Nobel Prize for literature.
0372320|Morse, Samuel Finley Breese (1791-1872), was a famous American inventor and painter.
0372340|Morse, Wayne Lyman (1900-1974), served as United States senator from Oregon, first as a Republican, then as a Democrat.
0372360|Morse code is a system of sending messages that uses short and long sounds combined in various ways to represent letters, numerals, and other characters.
0372420|Mortar is a short-range weapon that is used to reach nearby targets that are protected by hills or other obstacles.
0372480|Mortgage is a loan agreement that enables a person to borrow money to purchase a house or other property.
0372530|Morton, Jelly Roll (1890-1941), was the first important jazz pianist and the first great jazz composer.
0372540|Morton, John (1724-1777), was a Pennsylvania signer of the Declaration of Independence.
0372560|Morton, Julius Sterling (1832-1902), an American political leader and nature lover, established the first United States observance of Arbor Day, a day for planting trees (see ARBOR DAY ).
0372580|Morton, Levi Parsons (1824-1920), served as Vice President of the United States from 1889 to 1893 under President Benjamin Harrison.
0372600|Morton, Oliver Perry (1823-1877), served as governor of Indiana during the Civil War and as a Republican United States senator from 1867 until his death.
0372620|Morton, William Thomas Green (1819-1868), an American dentist, made the first public demonstration of ether in 1846.
0372660|Mosaic is an art form in which small pieces of colored glass, stone, or other material are set into mortar.
0372680|Mosaic disease is the name of a group of plant diseases caused by certain viruses.
0372700|Mosby, John Singleton (1833-1916), was a famous Confederate ranger during the Civil War.
0372720|Moscow is the capital of Russia and one of the largest cities in the world.
0372740|Moscow Art Theater became one of the most influential theaters of the 1900's.
0372750|Moseley, Henry Gwyn-Jeffreys, (1887-1915), was a British physicist noted for his research on X rays and atomic structure.
0372780|Moseley-Braun, Carol (1947- ), became the first black woman to be elected to the United States Senate when she won a U.S. Senate seat in 1992.
0372800|Moselle River, a branch of the Rhine River, rises in the Vosges Mountains in eastern France.
0372820|Moses was the principal leader and teacher of the Israelites and one of the most important characters in the Bible.
0372840|Moses, Grandma (1860-1961), was an American folk artist.
0372920|Mosque is a building used for Muslim worship.
0372960|Mosquito is an insect that spreads some of the worst diseases of people and animals.
0373000|Mosquito Coast, also called Mosquitia, is a strip of land that lies along the east coast of Nicaragua and the northeast coast of Honduras.
0373060|Moss is any of a variety of small, green, nonflowering plants found throughout the world.
0373100|Mossbauer, Rudolf Ludwig (1929- ), a German physicist, shared the 1961 Nobel Prize in physics for research into gamma rays.
0373180|Motel is an establishment that provides overnight lodging, chiefly for automobile travelers.
0373220|Moth is any of a wide variety of insects closely related to butterflies.
0373300|Mother Goose is a name that has been associated with children's literature for hundreds of years.
0373340|Mother-of-pearl. Certain shellfish, such as pearl oysters, abalones, and freshwater mussels produce shells lined with a lustrous, rainbow-colored material.
0373460|Mother's Day is set apart every year in honor of motherhood.
0373490|Motherwell, Robert (1915-1991), an American painter, was a leading member of the abstract expressionist school.
0373520|Motion occurs when an object changes its location in space.
0373560|Motion picture is a series of images recorded on film or tape that appear to move when played through a film projector or a videotape player.
0373580|Motion sickness is a condition in which motion causes extreme nausea.
0373600|Motivation commonly refers to anything that causes people to behave as they do.
0373620|Motivation research tries to learn why people choose things they buy.
0373660|Motmot is the name of a family of birds related to kingfishers.
0373680|Moton, Robert Russa, (1867-1940), was an African American educator.
0373760|Motorboat racing is an exciting, competitive sport that tests the performance of motorboats and the skill of drivers.
0373780|Motorcycle is a two- or three-wheeled vehicle powered by a gasoline engine mounted midway between the front and rear wheels.
0373820|Mott, Lucretia Coffin, (1793-1880), was a leader of the abolitionist and women's rights movements in the United States.
0373830|Mott Foundation, Charles Stewart, is a private foundation that donates money to nonprofit organizations involved in improving the quality of community life through education, social welfare, economic development, and environmental management.
0373940|Moultrie, William (1730-1805), was an American military leader during the Revolutionary War in America (1775-1783).
0373960|Mound bird is a name applied to several species of birds that build mounds for nests.
0373980|Mound builders were early North American Indians who built large monuments of earth.
0374180|Mount Cook is the highest peak (12,349 feet, or 3,764 meters) in New Zealand.
0374260|Mount Elbrus is the highest mountain in Europe.
0374300|Mount Etna is one of the most famous volcanoes in the world.
0374340|Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world.
0374380|Mount Fuji is the highest mountain in Japan (12,388 feet, or 3,776 meters).
0374480|Mount Hood is an inactive volcano in the Cascade Mountain Range of northern Oregon.
0374560|Mount Kanchenjunga, also called Kinchinjunga, is one of the highest mountains in the world.
0374620|Mount Kenya is an extinct volcanic cone in central Kenya, East Africa, 70 miles (110 kilometers) from Nairobi.
0374680|Mount Kosciusko is the highest peak in Australia.
0374700|Mount Logan is the highest peak in Canada and the second highest peak in North America.
0374740|Mount Makalu is one of the highest mountains in the world.
0374900|Mount McKinley, in south-central Alaska, is sometimes called the top of the continent because it has the highest peak in North America.
0374980|Mount Mitchell, in western North Carolina, is the highest point east of the Mississippi River.
0375020|Mount of Olives is a hill about 1/2 mile (0.8 kilometer) east of Jerusalem.
0375050|Mount Olympus is the highest mountain in Greece.
0375075|Mount Pinatubo is a volcanic mountain on the island of Luzon in the Philippines.
0375080|Mount Pisgah is a small mountain range located in central Jordan.
0375100|Mount Rainier, in Mount Rainier National Park, near Seattle, is the highest mountain in the state of Washington.
0375120|Mount Rainier National Park is in west-central Washington, near Seattle.
0375240|Mount Rushmore National Memorial is a huge carving on a granite cliff called Mount Rushmore in the Black Hills of South Dakota.
0375300|Mount Saint Helens is a volcano in the Cascade Mountains, 95 miles (153 kilometers) south of Seattle.
0375480|Mount Sinai is the mountain on which Moses received the Decalogue (Ten Commandments) and learned much of the Hebraic law.
0375620|Mount Vernon was the home of George Washington.
0375640|Mount Vernon, N.Y. (pop. 67,153), is a historic suburb of New York City (see New York political map).
0375700|Mount Washington is the highest peak in New Hampshire and in the Northeastern United States.
0375740|Mount Whitney, one of the highest mountains in the United States, rises 14,495 feet (4,418 meters).
0375760|Mount Wilson Observatory is an astronomical observatory in southwestern California.
0375780|Mountain is a landform that stands much higher than its surroundings.
0375800|Mountain ash is the name for a group of trees and shrubs that grow in the Northern Hemisphere.
0375805|Mountain avens is a small, hardy plant that grows wild in the northern and arctic regions.
0375810|Mountain beaver, also called sewellel, is a rodent that lives along the Pacific coast and in nearby mountains.
0375820|Mountain climbing is the sport of climbing mountain slopes to reach their peaks.
0375860|Mountain goat is a white, woolly animal that lives on steep cliffs high in the mountains of western North America.
0375880|Mountain laurel is an evergreen plant that grows naturally in eastern North America.
0375900|Mountain lion is a large wild animal of the cat family.
0375940|Mountain pass is a passageway over a mountain barrier.
0376060|Mountbatten, Louis (1900-1979), a member of the royal family of Britain, distinguished himself as a military leader and as the last viceroy (ruler) of the British colony of India.
0376140|Mourning dove is an American bird with a sad, cooing call.
0376160|Mouse is a small animal with soft fur, a pointed snout, round black eyes, rounded ears, and a thin tail.
0376180|Mouse Tower is a tower on a small island in the Rhine River near Bingen, Germany.
0376220|Mouth is the part of the body that is adapted for taking in food.
0376330|Mowat, Farley (1921- ), is a Canadian author who has written widely about the wildlife and peoples of northern Canada.
0376340|Mowat, Sir Oliver (1820-1903), a Canadian statesman, served as prime minister and attorney general of Ontario from 1872 to 1896.
0376350|Moynihan, Daniel Patrick (1927- ), a Democrat from New York, has been a member of the United States Senate since 1977.
0376380|Mozambique is a country on the southeast coast of Africa.
0376420|Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, (1756-1791), an Austrian composer, is considered one of the greatest and most creative musical geniuses of all time.
0376455|Mubarak, Hosni, (1928- ), became president of Egypt in October 1981.
0376480|Mucilage is a thick, sticky substance usually made by dissolving gum in water, or in some other liquid.
0376520|Muckrakers were a group of writers in the early 1900's who exposed social and political evils in the United States.
0376540|Mucus is a thick, clear, slimy fluid found in the nose, mouth, and other organs and passages that open to the outside of the body.
0376640|Mudd, Samuel Alexander (1833-1883), was the doctor who set John Wilkes Booth's leg after Booth assassinated United States President Abraham Lincoln in 1865.
0376660|Mudpuppy is a large salamander that lives in American ponds, streams, lakes, and rivers.
0376760|Muffler is a device that greatly reduces the exhaust noise of an engine.
0376770|Mugabe, Robert Gabriel (1924- ), became head of the government of Zimbabwe in 1980.
0376805|Mugwumps were influential Republicans who refused to support their party's presidential candidate, James G. Blaine, in 1884.
0376810|Muhammad, (A.D. 570?-632), was a prophet whose life and teachings form the basis of the Islamic religion.
0376815|Muhammad II, (1432-1481), also known as Mehmed II or Mehmet II, was the seventh sultan (ruler) of the Ottoman Empire.
0376830|Muhammad, Elijah, (1897-1975), was the major leader of the Nation of Islam, commonly known as the Black Muslims.
0376840|Muhammad Ali, (1769-1849), ruled Egypt from 1805 to 1848.
0376861|Muhlenberg, Henry Melchior (1711-1787), was a key figure in organizing Lutheran churches in America.
0376862|Muhlenberg, John Peter Gabriel (1746-1807), a Lutheran minister, became a colonial military leader during the Revolutionary War in America (1775-1783).
0376900|Muir, John (1838-1914), an explorer, naturalist, and writer, campaigned for the conservation of land, water, and forests in the United States.
0376920|Muir Woods National Monument, near San Francisco, has one of California's most famous redwood groves.
0376930|Mujibur Rahman, (1920-1975), became the first prime minister of Bangladesh in January 1972.
0377000|Mulatto is a person of mixed white and black descent.
0377020|Mulberry is any of a group of ornamental trees and shrubs that have small, round, sweet fruits.
0377040|Mulch is any material that is spread over soil so that air can get through, but less water can evaporate from the soil.
0377045|Muldoon, Sir Robert (1921-1992), served as prime minister of New Zealand from 1975 to 1984.
0377060|Mule is a domesticated, hybrid animal that results from crossing a mare (female horse) and a jack (male donkey).
0377080|Mule deer is a beautiful deer that has large, furry ears similar to those of a mule.
0377160|Mullein, also called mullen, is the name of a group of plants native to Europe and Asia.
0377220|Muller, Hermann Joseph (1890-1967), was an American geneticist.
0377235|Muller, Paul Hermann (1899-1965), a Swiss chemist, won the 1948 Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine for discovering the insect-killing properties of DDT (dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane).
0377240|Mullet is the name of two different families of silvery-blue fish with stout bodies.
0377250|Mulliken, Robert Sanderson (1896-1986), an American chemist, won the 1966 Nobel Prize for chemistry.
0377310|Mulroney, Brian (1939- ), served as prime minister of Canada from 1984 to 1993.
0377340|Multiculturalism is a political or social philosophy that promotes cultural diversity.
0377352|Multimedia is a computer-controlled combination of text, graphics, sound, photographs, motion pictures, and other types of media.
0377354|Multinational corporation is a business organization that is based in one country and has branches, subsidiaries, and plants in many countries.
0377360|Multiple birth is the birth of more than one infant from the same pregnancy.
0377380|Multiple sclerosis, often called MS, is a disease of the nervous system.
0377400|Multiplication is a short way of adding or counting equal numbers.
0377460|Mumford, Lewis (1895-1990), was an American social critic, philosopher, and historian.
0377480|Mummy is an embalmed body that has been preserved for thousands of years.
0377500|Mumps is a contagious disease that causes painful swelling below and in front of the ears.
0377520|Munch, Edvard (1863-1944), was a Norwegian artist.
0377540|Munchausen, Baron, was the name given to the narrator and central figure in an anonymous booklet of tall tales, Baron Munchausen's Narrative of His Marvellous Travels and Campaigns in Russia.
0377640|Munich, (pop. 1,229,026), is the third largest city in Germany.
0377660|Munich Agreement, approved in September 1938 in Munich, Germany, was the acceptance by Britain and France of Germany's demand for certain territory in Czechoslovakia.
0377720|Munoz Marin, Luis, (1898-1980), was the first elected governor of Puerto Rico and its chief political leader for over 25 years.
0377730|Munro, Alice (1931- ), is a Canadian short-story writer.
0377740|Munro, Hector Hugh (1870-1916), was a British writer who wrote under the pen name Saki.
0377760|Munsee Indians, formed the Wolf clan of the Delaware Indian tribe.
0377800|Munsey, Frank Andrew (1854-1925), was a pioneer publisher of low-priced magazines and newspapers.
0377860|Muon is a type of elementary particle that closely resembles an electron but has a greater mass.
0377880|Mural is a picture or design on a wall or ceiling.
0377910|Murasaki Shikibu, (A.D. 975?-1031?), also called Lady Murasaki, is the most famous writer of early Japanese literature.
0377920|Murat, Joachim, (1771?-1815), was the most famous French cavalry commander under Emperor Napoleon I.
0377960|Murder. When one person intentionally kills another without legal justification or excuse, the crime is called murder.
0377980|Murdoch, Dame Iris (1919- ), is a British novelist known for her philosophical novels.
0377985|Murdoch, Rupert (1931- ), is an Australian-born publisher who owns many newspapers and magazines in Australia, the United Kingdom, the United States, and other countries.
0378030|Murieta, Joaquin, was the name given to a famous bandit during the California gold rush of the mid-1800's.
0378040|Murillo, Bartolome Esteban, (1618-1682), was a Spanish painter of the 1600's.
0378060|Murmansk, (pop. 472,000), is Russia's chief port on the Arctic Ocean.
0378080|Murphy, Audie, (1924-1971), won fame as the most decorated United States soldier of World War II (1939-1945).
0378090|Murphy, Emily Gowan (1868-1933), was a Canadian social reformer and author.
0378180|Murray, James (1721?-1794), was a British soldier who became the first British governor of Quebec.
0378240|Murray, Philip (1886-1952), succeeded John L. Lewis as president of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) in 1940, and held that post until his death.
0378280|Murray River is the longest permanently flowing river in Australia.
0378320|Murre is a type of sea bird that lives on rocky coasts of the North Atlantic and North Pacific.
0378340|Murrow, Edward R. (1908-1965), was an American radio and television broadcaster.
0378380|Muscat, (pop. 30,000; met. area pop. 250,000), is the capital of Oman.
0378440|Muscle is the tough, elastic tissue that makes body parts move.
0378480|Muscle Shoals is an area of the Tennessee River Valley in northwestern Alabama.
0378520|Muscular dystrophy is a name for certain types of serious muscle diseases.
0378540|Muses were nine goddesses of the arts and sciences in Greek and Roman mythology.
0378560|Museum is a place where a collection of objects illustrating science, art, history, or other subjects is kept and displayed.
0378580|Museum of Modern Art, in New York City, is known throughout the world for its matchless overview of art from 1880 to the present.
0378600|Museum of Science and Industry, in Chicago, is the oldest, largest, and most popular contemporary science and technology museum in the United States.
0378620|Mushet, Robert Forester (1811-1891), was an English metallurgist.
0378640|Mushroom is any of a variety of fleshy, umbrella-shaped fungi.
0378660|Musial, Stan (1920- ), ranks as one of the greatest baseball players of all time.
0378680|Music is sound arranged into pleasing or interesting patterns.
0378700|Music box is an instrument that plays tunes automatically.
0378720|Music Clubs, National Federation of, is the largest charitable music organization in the world.
0378760|Musical comedy is a type of play that tells a story through a combination of spoken dialogue, songs, and dances.
0378840|Musicians, American Federation of, is a labor union affiliated with the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO) and the Canadian Labour Council.
0378860|Musil, Robert (1880-1942), was an Austrian author best known for his long novel The Man Without Qualities.
0378880|Musk is a raw material that is used in perfumes.
0378900|Musk deer is a type of small deer that roams the mountainous forests and brushlands of central, eastern, and northeastern Asia.
0378940|Musk ox is a large, shaggy mammal that lives in the Far North.
0379000|Muskellunge is the largest fish of the pike family.
0379020|Musket was the firearm that infantry soldiers used before the perfection of the rifle.
0379060|Muskie, Edmund Sixtus (1914-1996), a Maine Democrat, served in the U.S. Senate from 1959 to 1980.
0379100|Muskmelon is the fruit of a type of plant that belongs to the gourd family.
0379140|Muskoka Lakes are a group of scenic lakes in the rocky uplands of southern Ontario.
0379160|Muskrat is an animal that lives near streams, ponds, and rivers.
0379180|Muslims, also spelled Moslems, are people who practice the religion of Islam, preached by Muhammad in the A.D. 600's.
0379200|Muslin is a closely woven white or unbleached cloth made from corded cotton yarn.
0379220|Mussel is a water animal with a soft body inside a hard shell.
0379240|Musset, Alfred de (1810-1857), was a French dramatist and poet.
0379260|Mussolini, Benito, (1883-1945), founded fascism and ruled Italy for almost 21 years, most of that time as dictator.
0379280|Mussorgsky, Modest, (1839-1881), a Russian composer, was one of the most original composers in the history of Russian music.
0379360|Mustang is the name of certain horses that once roamed wild over parts of the American West.
0379400|Mustard is the name of a family of leafy, annual plants that grow in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.
0379460|Mutation is a change in the hereditary material of an organism's cells.
0379500|Mutiny is any unlawful attempt by military personnel to seize or set aside military authority.
0379520|Mutsuhito, (1852-1912), reigned as emperor of Japan from 1867 to 1912.
0379540|Mutton is meat obtained from sheep that are more than a year old and, in most cases, that weigh more than 100 pounds (45 kilograms).
0379580|Mutual company is a business owned by the users of the service it provides.
0379600|Mutual fund is a company that pools money from many investors and uses it to buy stocks and other securities.
0379730|Myasthenia gravis is a noncontagious disease characterized by progressive weakness of the skeletal muscles.
0379760|Mycenae was a city in ancient Greece, located 6 miles (10 kilometers) north of Argos in the southern peninsula.
0379790|Mycotoxin is any one of a number of poisonous chemicals produced by fungi.
0379800|Myelitis is inflammation of the spinal cord.
0379840|Myna is the name of several kinds of birds in the starling family.
0379860|Myocarditis is inflammation of the muscle tissue that forms the heart's wall.
0379885|Myrdal, Alva Reimer (1902-1986), a Swedish diplomat and sociologist, gained fame for promoting nuclear disarmament and world peace.
0379890|Myrdal, Gunnar (1898-1987), was a Swedish sociologist and economist.
0379940|Myrrh is a fragrant gum resin that has been used as a raw material for perfumes since ancient times.
0379960|Myrtle is an attractive evergreen shrub or small tree.
0380000|Mysteries, in religion, are secret ceremonies.
0380020|Mystery play, a form of Biblical drama, was popular in England from the 1370's until about 1600.
0380080|Mystic Seaport, a reconstructed waterfront village, is a reminder of maritime life in the days of the great sailing ships.
0380110|Mysticism is the belief that God or spiritual truths can be known through individual insight, rather than by reasoning or study.
0380120|Mythology. People have always tried to understand why certain things happen.
0380160|N is the 14th letter in our alphabet.
0380195|Nabokov, Vladimir, (1899-1977), was a Russian-born author.
0380230|Nabrit, James Madison, Jr. (1900- ), won fame as a lawyer, university president, and diplomat.
0380310|Nader, Ralph (1934- ), an American lawyer, became famous for fighting business and government practices he felt endangered public health and safety.
0380320|Nadir is the point in space directly below where one stands.
0380380|Nagasaki, (pop. 444,599), is the Japanese city with which Westerners have had the longest contact.
0380420|Nagoya, (pop. 2,154,793), is one of the largest cities in Japan.
0380520|Nahum, Book of, is a book of the Hebrew Bible, or Old Testament, named for an Israelite prophet.
0380560|Nail is the most widely used fastener for attaching one piece of wood to another.
0380580|Nail is a tough plate that covers the upper surface at the end of each finger and toe.
0380620|Nairobi, (pop. 1,162,189), is the capital of Kenya and the most important commercial center in eastern Africa.
0380640|Naismith, James (1861-1939), invented the game of basketball in 1891 (see BASKETBALL ).
0380655|Namath, Joe (1943- ), became one of professional football's most successful and colorful quarterbacks while playing for the New York Jets from 1965 to 1976.
0380660|Name. Everyone has a name, unless some extraordinary circumstance has isolated a person from all human contact.
0380670|Namibia is a country in southwestern Africa.
0380740|Nancy, (pop. 102,410; met area pop. 310,628), is a city in northeastern France.
0380750|Nanjing, (pop. 2,210,000), also spelled Nan-ching or Nanking, is an important center of industry, transportation, and government in east-central China.
0380800|Nansen, Fridtjof, (1861-1930), was a famous Norwegian polar explorer.
0380840|Nantes, (pop. 252,029; met. area pop. 492,255), is a port city in western France, near the mouth of the Loire River.
0380860|Nantes, Edict of, was the first official recognition of religious toleration by a great European country.
0380880|Nantucket, Mass. (pop. 6,012), is a summer resort on Nantucket Island, off the coast of Massachusetts.
0380920|Napalm is a powder used to thicken gasoline for use in war.
0380940|Naphtha is any liquid composed only of hydrogen and carbon that boils below 450 degrees F (233 degrees C).
0380980|Napier, John (1550-1617), Laird of Merchiston, was a Scottish mathematician.
0381000|Naples, (pop. 1,067,365), is the third largest city of Italy.
0381010|Naples, Bay of, is an inlet of the Tyrrhenian Sea on the southwest coast of Italy near the city of Naples.
0381040|Napoleon I (1769-1821), also known as Napoleon Bonaparte, crowned himself emperor of France.
0381060|Napoleon II (1811-1832), Duke of Reichstadt, was the son of Emperor Napoleon I of France and his second wife, Marie Louise of Austria.
0381080|Napoleon III (1808-1873) ruled as emperor of France from 1852 to 1870.
0381180|Narcissus is the name of a large group of early spring flowers with lovely blossoms.
0381200|Narcissus, in Greek mythology, was a handsome youth who was courted by many lovers for his beauty.
0381220|Narcolepsy is a disease that causes excessive sleepiness.
0381260|Narcotic is a substance that has a strong depressant effect upon the human nervous system.
0381325|Narragansett Indians were a tribe that lived on the west side of Narragansett Bay, in what is now Rhode Island.
0381400|Narvaez, Panfilo de, (1470?-1528), was a Spanish soldier, explorer, and Indian fighter.
0381420|Narwhal is an unusual whale of the Arctic.
0381460|Nasby, Petroleum Vesuvius (1833-1888), was the pen name of David Ross Locke, a popular American humorist.
0381480|Nash, Charles William (1864-1948), was a pioneer in the United States automobile industry.
0381500|Nash, Ogden (1902-1971), was a famous American writer of humorous and satirical poetry.
0381520|Nash, Thomas (1567-1601), was an author who wrote some of the first works of prose fiction in English literature.
0381540|Nashua, (pop. 79,662; met. area pop. 168,233), is the second largest city in New Hampshire.
0381560|Nashville (pop. 510,784; met. area pop. 985,026) is the capital and second largest city of Tennessee.
0381580|Naskapi Indians are a Far North tribe that lives in Schefferville, Que., and in Davis Inlet, a village near Hopedale, on the northeast coast of Labrador, Canada.
0381600|Nasmyth, James (1808-1890), a Scottish engineer, invented the steam hammer in 1839.
0381620|Nassau, (pop. 135,437), is the capital and largest city of the Bahamas.
0381640|Nasser, Gamal Abdel, (1918-1970), led the revolt that overthrew King Faruk in 1952 and established Egypt as a republic.
0381680|Nast, Thomas (1840-1902), was an American political cartoonist.
0381700|Nasturtium is the common name of a group of perennial plants native to tropical America.
0381720|Natal is a historic region on the east coast of South Africa.
0381740|Natchez, Mississippi (pop. 19,460), is the oldest city on the Mississippi River.
0381760|Natchez Indians were a tribe in North America whose important chiefs had total power over their subjects' lives and property.
0381780|Natchez Trace was an important commercial and military route between Nashville, Tennessee, and Natchez, Mississippi, in the early 1800's.
0381880|Nation is a large group of people united by a common language, ancestry, history, or culture.
0381900|Nation, Carry Amelia Moore (1846-1911), became well known for her violent efforts to stop the sale of alcoholic liquors.
0381945|National Academy of Education is a private society devoted to furthering research in education.
0381960|National Academy of Sciences (NAS) is an organization that promotes research in the behavioral, biological, physical, and social sciences.
0381980|National Aeronautic Association, also called NAA, promotes the advancement of aviation and space flight in the United States.
0382000|National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is a United States government agency that conducts and coordinates research of flight within and beyond the earth's atmosphere.
0382020|National Air and Space Museum, in Washington, D.C., features exhibits on aviation and space flight.
0382030|National Alliance of Business (NAB) is a nonprofit organization committed to building a quality work force for the United States.
0382040|National anthem is the official patriotic song of a nation.
0382060|National Archives is an independent federal agency that preserves and makes available for public use the permanently valuable records of the United States government.
0382090|National Assessment of Educational Progress is a government program designed to evaluate the quality and progress of education in the United States.
0382100|National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is a civil rights organization in the United States.
0382105|National Association for the Education of Young Children is a nonprofit organization dedicated to improving professional care and education of children through age 8.
0382110|National Association of Congregational Christian Churches is a Protestant religious fellowship.
0382120|National Association of Manufacturers (NAM) is an organization of American manufacturing companies.
0382190|National Baptist Convention, U.S.A., Inc., is the largest black religious body in the world and the parent organization for American black Baptists.
0382195|National Baptist Convention of America, Inc., is an organization of black Baptists.
0382300|National budget is the financial plan for a nation's government.
0382310|National Bureau of Economic Research is a private nonprofit corporation that conducts research on economic issues.
0382380|National Catholic Educational Association is an organization to encourage cooperation and mutual helpfulness among Catholic educators, and to promote, by study, conference, and discussion, Catholic educational work in the United States.
0382420|National cemetery is a burial place for men and women who served in the armed forces of the United States.
0382500|National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) establishes athletic standards and official playing rules for college sports.
0382520|National Conference of Christians and Jews is a nonprofit human relations organization engaged in a nationwide program to eliminate prejudice and discrimination and to promote religious, social, and ethical participation in American society.
0382530|National Congress of American Indians is the oldest, largest, and most representative national American Indian organization in the United States.
0382540|National Congress of Parents and Teachers is a volunteer organization that unites the forces of home, school, and community to promote the education, health, and safety of children.
0382560|National Consumers League is an organization founded in 1899 to develop a sense of responsibility for the promotion of safety, health, and economic welfare of consumers and workers.
0382600|National Council of Churches is an organization of 32 United States Protestant and Orthodox denominations with a combined membership of 42 million.
0382610|National Council of Senior Citizens (NCSC) is a nonprofit organization that advances the interests of older people in the United States.
0382660|National debt is the total amount that the federal government owes because of money it has borrowed by selling bonds or other securities.
0382690|National Defense Education Act (NDEA) is a law enacted by the United States Congress in 1958.
0382720|National Education Association of the United States (NEA) is the largest professional education organization in the world.
0382740|National Farmers Organization (NFO) is an organization set up by farmers and ranchers to negotiate prices and other terms of sale for their commodities (products).
0382760|National Farmers Union is a national federation of State Farmers Union organizations.
0382860|National forest is an area set aside by the United States Congress to be protected and managed by the federal government.
0382890|National Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities is an independent agency of the federal government.
0382920|National Gallery of Art, in Washington, D.C., is one of the world's leading art museums.
0382930|National Gallery of Canada, in Ottawa, Ont., exhibits the most important collection of Canadian art in Canada.
0382940|National Geographic Society is the world's largest nonprofit scientific and educational organization.
0382960|National Guard is one of the organizations of the United States Army and Air Force.
0383020|National Honor Society is an organization for high school students.
0383060|National income is the total of all income earned in a nation during a specific period, usually a year.
0383090|National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services.
0383095|National Institute of Standards and Technology is an agency of the United States Department of Commerce.
0383100|National Institutes of Health (NIH) is an agency of the United States government.
0383120|National Labor Relations Act, usually called the Wagner Act, is a law that guarantees the right of workers in the United States to form unions.
0383140|National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) was created as an independent agency by Congress in 1935 to administer the National Labor Relations Act, often called the Wagner Act.
0383150|National laboratory is any one of nine major scientific laboratories owned and supervised by the United States Department of Energy.
0383185|National League of Cities is the largest organization that represents United States cities.
0383200|National Mediation Board is a United States government agency that administers the Railway Labor Act.
0383210|National Medical Association (NMA) is a professional organization that represents the interests of more than 16,000 physicians in the United States who are members of minority groups.
0383240|National Motto, United States, is In God We Trust.
0383245|National Museum of African Art, a bureau of the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., features the traditional art of Africa south of the Sahara.
0383250|National Museum of American Art is a bureau of the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C.
0383267|National Museum of American History features exhibits on the social, cultural, scientific, and technological development of the United States.
0383273|National Museum of Natural History ranks as one of the world's major centers for the study of the natural sciences.
0383280|National Music Camp is a summer school of the arts in Interlochen, near Traverse City, Michigan.
0383282|National Naval Medical Center, in Bethesda, Maryland, is the largest United States Navy facility for medical care, research, and training.
0383287|National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is an agency of the United States Department of Commerce that works to improve knowledge and use of the environment.
0383288|National Optical Astronomy Observatories (NOAO) are a group of astronomy research centers funded by the United States government.
0383289|National Organization for Women (NOW) is a women's rights group that fights sexual discrimination.
0383291|National park is an area set aside by a nation's government to protect natural beauty, wildlife, or other remarkable features.
0383295|National Park Service is a bureau of the United States Department of the Interior.
0383300|National Park System. The United States is rich in natural wonderlands, famous historic places, and sites for many kinds of outdoor recreation.
0383325|National Primitive Baptist Convention in the U.S.A. is a religious organization that has more than 2,000 churches.
0383330|National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) is an organization that operates radio telescopes at Socorro, N. Mex.; Kitt Peak, Ariz.; and Green Bank, W. Va.
0383340|National Recovery Administration (NRA) was a United States government agency in the early 1930's.
0383360|National Republican Party was a political party that arose when the Democratic-Republican Party split during President John Quincy Adams's Administration (1825-1829).
0383380|National Research Council is a private, nonprofit organization in the United States that carries out much of the work of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.
0383390|National Rifle Association of America is an organization that encourages sharpshooting and the use of firearms for hunting and other shooting sports.
0383400|National Road.
0383420|National Safety Council is a not-for-profit public service organization that works to increase safety and occupational health in the United States.
0383440|National Science Foundation is an independent agency of the United States government.
0383480|National Security Agency/Central Security Service is an agency of the United States Department of Defense.
0383500|National Security Council (NSC) is a part of the Executive Office of the President of the United States.
0383660|National Wildlife Federation is an organization that was founded to create interest and promote public education in the conservation of wildlife and wildlife habitats in the United States.
0383670|National Wildlife Refuge System consists of over 450 refuges established by the United States government to protect and increase wildlife and their habitat.
0383720|National Zoological Park is a 163-acre (71-hectare) zoo maintained by the Smithsonian Institution along Rock Creek in Washington, D.C.
0383740|Nationalism is a people's sense of belonging together as a nation.
0383780|Nationality, in law, is a person's status as a member of a certain country.
0383790|Nationalization is the control and ownership of an industry on a national scale by the government of a country.
0383920|Natsume Soseki, (1867-1916), was Japan's first great modern novelist.
0383990|Natural gas liquids are certain chemical compounds that can be obtained in liquid form from natural gas.
0384040|Natural resources are those products and features of the earth that permit it to support life and satisfy people's needs.
0384080|Natural selection is a process in nature by which the organisms best suited to their environment are the ones most likely to leave offspring.
0384120|Naturalism, in literature, is the attempt to apply scientific theory and methods to imaginative writing.
0384160|Naturalization is a legal process by which a person becomes a citizen of an adopted country.
0384170|Nature Conservancy is an international conservation organization that saves rare plants and animals from extinction by protecting the places where they live.
0384180|Nature study means watching and learning about things in nature.
0384200|Nature worship is a religious practice that has been followed by various cultures throughout history.
0384240|Nauru is a small island country in the central Pacific Ocean.
0384260|Nausea is a disagreeable sensation in the area of the stomach.
0384420|Nautilus is a marine animal whose soft body is partly covered with a coiled shell.
0384460|Navajo Indians, also spelled Navaho, are the second largest Indian tribe in the United States.
0384560|Naval Observatory, United States, is the country's oldest national observatory.
0384640|Naval War College, in Newport, R.I., is the postgraduate educational institution of the United States Navy.
0384740|Navigation is the process of determining a vehicle's position and directing its movement.
0384760|Navigation Acts were several laws passed in the 1600's by the English Parliament.
0384775|Navratilova, Martina (1956- ), became one of the world's top women tennis players.
0384780|Navy is the branch of a nation's armed forces that consists of warships and support ships, their crews, and land bases and their personnel.
0384800|Navy, Department of the, is one of the three military departments within the Department of Defense of the United States government.
0384820|Navy, United States, is the branch of the armed forces of the United States that acts to maintain command of the sea.
0384920|Navy Jack is a flag of the United States Navy.
0385055|Nazarbayev, Nursultan, (1940- ), was elected president of Kazakhstan in December 1991.
0385060|Nazareth, (pop. 45,600), is a town in northern Israel.
0385070|Nazca was an American Indian culture that thrived in the coastal desert of what is now southern Peru from as early as 100 B.C. to A.D. 800.
0385180|Nazism was a political movement--and later a form of government--that developed in Germany during the 1920's.
0385230|N'Djamena, (pop. 511,700), is the capital and largest city of Chad.
0385305|Neanderthals were prehistoric human beings who lived in parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa from about 130,000 to 35,000 years ago.
0385340|Near East is a name given to a region that includes a part of Asia from the Mediterranean Sea to the eastern boundary of Iran, plus part of northeastern Africa.
0385360|Nearsightedness, also called myopia, is a visual defect that causes blurred distance vision.
0385440|Nebraska is one of the leading farming states in the United States.
0385460|Nebraska, University of, is a state-supported coeducational university.
0385522|Nebuchadnezzar II, (630?-562 B.C.), reigned as king of Babylon and ruler of the New Babylonian Empire from 605 to 562 B.C.
0385540|Nebula is a cloud of dust particles and gases in space.
0385560|Nebular hypothesis is a theory about the origin of the solar system.
0385600|Necktie is a band of material or a bow that is worn around the neck.
0385620|Necrology is a record of deaths, especially one kept by a church.
0385640|Necromancy is a term taken from two Greek words meaning corpse and divination.
0385660|Necropolis is a Greek word which means city of the dead, that is, a cemetery.
0385680|Necrosis is the death of a group of body cells and tissues due to some disease or external cause.
0385700|Nectar is a sugary liquid that is produced by flowering plants.
0385740|Nectarine is a fruit much like the peach.
0385760|Needle is a simple-looking tool, with a fine point at one end and a tiny eye at the other.
0385810|Needlepoint is a form of embroidery in which stitches are sewed through spaces or squares of an open-mesh fabric called the canvas.
0385860|Nefertiti was an ancient Egyptian queen, the wife of Akhenaton, a pharaoh (king) who ruled from 1367 to 1350 B.C.
0385920|Negev is the triangular southern half of Israel.
0385940|Negligence is the legal term for carelessness.
0385960|Negotiable instrument, refers to a type of legal exchange or document that is either a promise or an order to pay money.
0386000|Negritos are peoples who live in small, isolated groups in Asia and northern Australia and who resemble Pygmies.
0386080|Nehemiah, Book of, is a book of the Hebrew Bible, or Old Testament.
0386100|Nehru is the family name of a father and his son, daughter, and granddaughter who became distinguished in Indian public affairs.
0386140|Neihardt, John (1881-1973), was an American author known for his poetry and fiction about American Indians.
0386280|Nelson, Horatio (1758-1805), was Britain's greatest admiral and naval hero.
0386320|Nelson, Thomas, Jr. (1738-1789), an American soldier and statesman, served as a Virginia delegate to the Continental Congress from 1775 to 1777 and again in 1779.
0386340|Nelson, William Rockhill (1841-1915), founded and built the Kansas City (Missouri) Star, a crusading newspaper, in 1880.
0386360|Nelson River is the longest river in Manitoba.
0386380|Neman River is a waterway in eastern Europe.
0386430|Nematode is a group of slender worms.
0386560|Nene, also known as Hawaiian goose, is a rare bird of Hawaii.
0386600|Neodymium, (chemical symbol, Nd), is a metallic element belonging to the rare earth group.
0386640|Neon is a chemical element that makes up about 1 part per 65,000 in the earth's atmosphere.
0386650|Neonatology is the branch of medicine concerned with the care of infants during the first 28 days of life.
0386690|Neoplatonism was a dominant school of philosophy from the A.D. 200's to the 500's.
0386760|Nepal is a country in south-central Asia.
0386840|Nephritis, formerly called Bright's disease, is a general term for several inflammatory diseases of the kidneys.
0386860|Nepotism is the practice of giving important political or business positions to members of one's family.
0386880|Neptune was the god of the sea in Roman mythology.
0386900|Neptune is one of the two planets that cannot be seen without a telescope.
0386920|Neptunium, (chemical symbol, Np), is an artificially created element.
0386940|Nereids were 50 beautiful sea nymphs who attended the sea divinities Poseidon and Amphitrite.
0386960|Nereus was a kindly old sea god in Greek mythology.
0386980|Neri, Saint Philip (1515-1595), was the founder of the Oratorians, and a reformer of Rome during the Counter Reformation.
0387020|Nero, (A.D. 37-68), was a Roman emperor who reigned from A.D. 54 until his death 14 years later.
0387030|Neruda, Pablo, (1904-1973), a Chilean poet, won the 1971 Nobel Prize for literature.
0387050|Nerval, Gerard de, (1808-1855), was a French poet.
0387090|Nervi, Pier Luigi, (1891-1979), was an Italian architect and engineer.
0387100|Nervous breakdown is a term often used to refer to anything from fatigue caused by overwork to a severe mental illness.
0387120|Nervous system is an internal communications network that enables an animal to adjust to changes in its environment.
0387130|Ness, Eliot (1903-1957), was an American crime fighter.
0387280|Net is an open fabric.
0387290|Netanyahu, Benjamin (1949- ), the leader of Israel's Likud Party, became prime minister of Israel in 1996.
0387300|Netherlands is a small country on the North Sea in northwestern Europe.
0387320|Netherlands Antilles, also called the Dutch West Indies, consists of two groups of islands in the Caribbean Sea.
0387400|Nettle is the common name of a group of plants with stinging bristles.
0387460|Netzahualcoyotl, (pop. 1,256,115), is the third largest city in Mexico.
0387500|Neumann, Saint John Nepomucene (1811-1860), was the first male United States citizen to be recognized as a saint by the Roman Catholic Church.
0387520|Neuralgia is a severe pain that occurs along a nerve.
0387560|Neuritis is an inflammation of a nerve that is caused by disease or injury.
0387565|Neurofibromatosis, often abbreviated as NF, is an incurable hereditary disorder that affects the nervous system and the skin.
0387580|Neurology is the field of medicine concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the nervous system and muscles.
0387620|Neuropathology is the science that studies alterations produced by diseases of the central nervous system, nerves, or muscles.
0387660|Neurosis is a term used in a number of ways in the field of mental health.
0387700|Neutra, Richard Joseph (1892-1970), was an Austrian-born architect who worked in California.
0387720|Neutrality is the official status of a government that does not take part in a war.
0387740|Neutralization is a chemical reaction in which an acid and a base form a salt.
0387760|Neutrino is any of several types of subatomic particles that have no electrical charge or measurable mass.
0387780|Neutron is a subatomic particle.
0387795|Neutron star is the smallest and densest type of star known.
0387820|Nevada is a state in the Western United States.
0387840|Nevada, University of, is the state-supported public education system of higher education for Nevada.
0387860|Nevada Falls is a waterfall in Yosemite National Park, California.
0387890|Nevelson, Louise (1900-1988), was an American sculptor.
0387960|Nevins, Allan (1890-1971), an American historian and educator, twice was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for biography.
0388060|New Bedford, Mass. (pop. 99,922; met. area pop. 175,641), is one of the leading commercial fishing ports of the United States.
0388100|New Bern (pop. 17,363) is one of the oldest cities in North Carolina.
0388120|New Britain is the largest of the more than 300 islands in the Bismarck Archipelago, which forms part of the nation of Papua New Guinea.
0388140|New Britain, Conn. (pop. 75,491; met. area pop. 148,188), often called the Hardware City, is a leading producer of builders' hardware and carpenters' tools.
0388160|New Brunswick, N.J. (pop. 41,711), is an educational and industrial center on the Raritan River about midway between Newark and Trenton (see New Jersey political map).
0388180|New Brunswick is one of the four Atlantic Provinces of Canada.
0388200|New Brunswick, University of, is a coeducational, provincially supported school with campuses in Fredericton and Saint John, N.B.
0388220|New Caledonia is an overseas territory of France.
0388300|New Deal was President Franklin D. Roosevelt's program to pull the United States out of the Great Depression in the 1930's.
0388320|New Delhi, (pop. 301,297), is the capital of India.
0388330|New Democratic Party is a social-democratic political party in Canada.
0388340|New England is a region that consists of six states: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont.
0388350|New England, Dominion of, was a group of English colonies in America united in 1686 by King James II of England.
0388360|New England Confederation was organized in 1643.
0388420|New France was the French colonial empire in North America.
0388500|New Guinea is a large tropical island in the Pacific Ocean, north of Australia.
0388520|New Hampshire is a New England state of the United States that is noted for its natural beauty and year-round outdoor activities.
0388540|New Hampshire, University of, is a state-supported coeducational system of higher education.
0388580|New Harmony, Ind. (pop. 846), became famous as an educational and cultural center during the 1820's.
0388600|New Haven (pop. 130,474) is the home of Yale University and the third largest city in Connecticut.
0388660|New Ireland is the second largest of the more than 200 islands of the Bismarck Archipelago, which forms part of the nation of Papua New Guinea.
0388680|New Jersey is a state of industrial cities and towns, glistening beaches, and popular summer resorts.
0388730|New Left was a radical political and social movement of the 1960's and early 1970's in the United States.
0388740|New London, Conn. (pop. 28,540), is the home of the United States Coast Guard Academy.
0388760|New London Naval Submarine Base, in Groton, Conn., is the chief training center of the United States Navy's submarine force.
0388780|New mathematics was an educational movement during the late 1950's and the 1960's that attempted to change the teaching of mathematics in the United States.
0388800|New Mexico, a Southwestern state of the United States, is called the Land of Enchantment because of its scenic beauty and rich history.
0388820|New Mexico, University of, is a state-controlled coeducational school in Albuquerque, New Mexico.
0388880|New Mexico State University is a coeducational institution in Las Cruces, New Mexico.
0388900|New Netherland was a region in America claimed by the Dutch in the early 1600's.
0388920|New Orleans is the largest city in Louisiana and one of the world's busiest ports.
0389080|New South Wales is the oldest state in Australia.
0389090|New Sweden was the only Swedish colony in America.
0389100|New Testament is part of the Christian Bible.
0389120|New Thought is a philosophical and religious movement that originated in the United States during the mid-1800's.
0389140|New Westminster (pop. 43,585) is a city in southwestern British Columbia.
0389160|New World is another name for the Western Hemisphere, which includes the continents of North America and South America.
0389180|New Year's Day is the first day of the calendar year.
0389200|New York is the leading center of banking, communication, and finance in the United States.
0389220|New York, City University of, consists of 10 senior colleges, 7 community colleges, 1 technical college, a law school, a medical school, and a graduate school in New York City.
0389240|New York, State University of, is the largest statewide public system of higher education in the United States.
0389280|New York City is the largest city in the United States and one of the largest in the world.
0389380|New York Public Library is one of the largest public library systems in the United States.
0389440|New York State Barge Canal System connects the state's principal natural waterways.
0389480|New York University, in New York City, is a privately endowed nonsectarian coeducational institution.
0389500|New York World's Fair has been held twice in New York City.
0389520|New Zealand is an island country in the Southwest Pacific Ocean.
0389560|Newark, Del. (pop. 25,098), is the home of the University of Delaware and a manufacturing and research center.
0389580|Newark, N.J. (pop. 275,221; met. area pop. 1,915,928), is the largest city in New Jersey and one of the nation's leading centers of transportation.
0389720|Newbery, John (1713-1767), was an English publisher and bookseller.
0389740|Newbery Medal is an annual award given to the author of the most distinguished contribution to American children's literature published in the preceding year.
0389760|Newcastle (pop. 293,368) is one of the largest cities in the Australian state of New South Wales.
0389780|Newcastle upon Tyne (pop. 263,000; met. area pop. 1,087,000) is a commercial and manufacturing center of northern England.
0389820|Newcomen, Thomas (1663-1729), an English inventor, built the first commercially successful steam engine in 1712.
0389840|Newfoundland is Canada's newest province.
0389860|Newfoundland dog is one of the largest and strongest breeds of dog.
0389880|Newgate Prison, a London jail, was England's main criminal prison for over 700 years.
0389890|Newman, Barnett (1905-1970), an American painter, was a leading member of the abstract expressionist movement.
0389900|Newman, John Henry Cardinal (1801-1890), became a convert to the Roman Catholic Church in 1845, and was made a cardinal in 1879.
0389910|Newman, Paul (1925- ), an American actor, won fame for his action roles and convincing character studies in motion pictures.
0389940|Newport, R.I. (pop. 28,227), is best known as a summer resort.
0389980|Newport News (pop. 170,045) is a shipbuilding center in eastern Virginia.
0390020|News service is an organization that collects and distributes news.
0390040|Newspaper is a publication devoted chiefly to presenting and commenting on the news.
0390060|Newspaper Guild is a labor union whose members work in the news and commercial departments of newspapers, news magazines, news services, and related enterprises.
0390140|Newt is a small animal with a slender body, thin skin, and four weak legs.
0390170|Newton, a unit in the metric system, is used to measure force.
0390180|Newton, Sir Isaac (1642-1727), an English scientist, astronomer, and mathematician, invented a new kind of mathematics, discovered the secrets of light and color, and showed how the universe is held together.
0390240|Newton's rings are a series of alternating bright and dark concentric circles produced by the interference of light (see INTERFERENCE ).
0390260|Next of kin is a legal phrase for the closest blood relatives of a person who has died without making a valid will.
0390280|Ney, Michel, (1769-1815), a French general, was one of Napoleon I's great soldiers.
0390300|Nez Perce Indians are a tribe that lives in north-central Idaho.
0390340|Ngo Dinh Diem, (1901-1963), was the first president of South Vietnam.
0390420|Niagara Falls is one of the most spectacular natural wonders of North America.
0390430|Niagara Movement was an organization founded by African Americans to fight racial discrimination in the United States.
0390435|Niagara River is a short river that connects Lake Erie and Lake Ontario.
0390460|Niamey, (pop. 360,000), is the capital and largest city of Niger.
0390520|Nibelungenlied is a German epic poem written about A.D. 1200.
0390560|Nicaragua is the largest country of Central America in area.
0390620|Nice, (pop. 345,674; met. area pop. 475,507), is a resort city on the French Riviera and a Mediterranean port.
0390640|Nicene Councils were two councils of the Christian church held in Nicaea (Nice), in what is now northwest Turkey.
0390670|Nicholas I (1796-1855) was czar of Russia from 1825 to 1855.
0390680|Nicholas II (1010?-1061) was crowned pope in 1059.
0390685|Nicholas II (1868-1918), the last czar of Russia, ruled from 1894 to 1917.
0390690|Nicholas V (1397-1455) was elected pope in 1447.
0390700|Nicholas, Saint (A.D. 300's), is one of the most popular saints of the Christian church.
0390702|Nicholas of Cusa, (1401-1464), was a German theologian, scholar, and statesman.
0390704|Nichols, Mike (1931- ), is a famous German-born director known for his work in motion pictures and on the stage.
0390710|Nicholson, Ben (1894-1982), was an English artist noted for his abstract paintings.
0390715|Nicholson, Jack (1937- ), is an American motion-picture actor and director.
0390720|Nickel is a white metallic chemical element used in alloys.
0390740|Nickel is the common name for a U.S. copper-nickel coin.
0390760|Nickel silver is an alloy of copper, nickel, and zinc.
0390800|Nicklaus, Jack (1940- ), an American golfer, ranks among the greatest players in the history of the sport.
0390920|Nicolet, Jean, (1598-1642), also spelled Nicollet, was a French explorer, fur trader, and interpreter.
0390980|Nicosia, (pop. 163,700), is the capital and largest city of Cyprus, an island republic in the Mediterranean Sea.
0391020|Nicotine is a chemical compound found in small amounts in the leaves, roots, and seeds of the tobacco plant.
0391110|Niebuhr, H. Richard (1894-1962), was an influential Protestant theologian.
0391120|Niebuhr, Reinhold (1892-1971), was a prominent American theologian.
0391140|Nielsen, Carl August (1865-1931), was one of Denmark's greatest composers.
0391160|Niemeyer, Oscar (1907- ), is a Brazilian architect.
0391180|Niepce, Joseph Nicephore, (1765-1833), a French scientist, invented the first photographic technique, heliography.
0391220|Nietzsche, Friedrich, (1844-1900), was a German philosopher and classical scholar.
0391260|Niger is a large, landlocked country in west Africa.
0391280|Niger River is the third longest river in Africa.
0391300|Nigeria, a nation on the west coast of Africa, has more people than any other country in African.
0391430|Night vision systems are electronic devices used by military forces in order to detect and track targets at night.
0391440|Nighthawk, also called bullbat and mosquito hawk, is a bird that looks much like the whippoorwill, to which it is related.
0391460|Nightingale is a small bird of the thrush group.
0391480|Nightingale, Florence (1820-1910), was the founder of the nursing profession as we know it today.
0391520|Nightmare is a frightening dream or dreamlike experience that awakens a sleeper.
0391540|Nightshade is the common name of the family of plants that have the scientific name Solanaceae.
0391560|Nihilism is the name used for a variety of extreme, negative philosophical and political views.
0391600|Nijinsky, Vaslav, (1889-1950), was the most famous male dancer of his time.
0391690|Nikolais, Alwin (1912-1993), was an American choreographer (creator of dances).
0391740|Nile River is the longest river in the world.
0391790|Nilsson, Birgit (1918- ), is a celebrated Swedish dramatic soprano.
0391860|Nimitz, Chester William (1885-1966), served as commander in chief of the United States Pacific Fleet during World War II (1939-1945).
0392000|Nineveh was the last capital of the ancient Assyrian Empire.
0392045|Ningbo, (pop. 468,230), also spelled Ning-po, is an industrial center and port in the Chinese province of Zhejiang.
0392060|Niobe was a queen in Greek mythology who was famous for eternally mourning her dead children.
0392080|Niobium, also called columbium, is a soft, silver-white or gray metallic element.
0392160|Nirvana, according to Buddhist belief, is perfect peace and blessedness.
0392180|Nisei is the Japanese name for the children of Japanese families that migrate to other countries.
0392260|Nitrate is any kind of compound that contains the inorganic nitrate ion.
0392300|Nitric acid is a strong inorganic acid that has many industrial uses.
0392340|Nitrite is a compound of the nitrite anion and some other element.
0392400|Nitrogen is a nonmetallic chemical element.
0392420|Nitrogen cycle is the circulation of nitrogen among the atmosphere, the soil and water, and the plants and animals of the earth.
0392440|Nitroglycerin, also called nitroglycerol, is a powerful explosive.
0392460|Nitrous oxide is a colorless, odorless gas that physicians and dentists use to make patients insensitive to pain.
0392500|Nix, or nixie is a water sprite in German folklore.
0392520|Nixon, Richard Milhous (1913-1994), was the only President of the United States ever to resign from office.
0392530|Nizhniy Novgorod, (pop. 1,443,000), is an industrial center in Russia.
0392580|Nkrumah, Kwame, (1909-1972), was president of Ghana from 1960 to 1966.
0392635|No-fault insurance is a type of automobile accident insurance that was first proposed in the 1960's.
0392660|Noah, according to the Bible, was the only righteous, God-fearing man of his time.
0392680|Nobel, Alfred Bernhard (1833-1896), a Swedish chemist and industrialist, invented dynamite.
0392700|Nobel Prizes are awarded each year to people, regardless of nationality, who have made valuable contributions to the "good of humanity.
0392720|Nobelium is an artificially produced radioactive element.
0392760|Nobility is a class of people who are considered to stand at the top of their society.
0392780|Noble gas refers to any of a group of six chemical elements.
0392880|Noguchi, Isamu (1904-1988), was an American sculptor whose work represents a wide variety of styles.
0392900|Noise is random or unwanted sound.
0392910|Nok was a West African civilization that flourished from about 500 B.C. until at least A.D. 200.
0392960|Nomad is a person who moves from one place to another as a way of making a living.
0392980|Nome (pop. 3,500) is an important gold-mining center and port in Alaska.
0393120|Nonaggression pact is a treaty by which two or more nations agree to settle mutual disputes by peaceful means and not to attack each other.
0393260|Nonillion. In the United States and France, nonillion is a thousand octillions, or a unit with 30 zeros.
0393300|Nonpartisan League, a political organization of farmers, was founded in North Dakota in 1915.
0393360|Nootka Indians, live along the west coast of Vancouver Island in British Columbia and at the tip of the Olympic Peninsula in Washington.
0393400|NORAD is a military alliance responsible for defending the United States and Canada against air attack.
0393420|Nordenskjold, Nils Adolf Erik, (1832-1901), Baron Nordenskjold, was a Swedish polar explorer, mineralogist, and map authority.
0393440|Nordhoff and Hall were a team of American authors.
0393540|Norfolk, Va. (pop. 261,229), is a leading United States port.
0393560|Norfolk Island lies in the South Pacific Ocean, about 1,000 miles (1,600 kilometers) northeast of Sydney, Australia.
0393580|Norfolk Naval Base, Virginia, employs more people and harbors more ships than any other naval base in the United States.
0393585|Norfolk terrier is a breed of dog that originated in Britain.
0393607|Noriega, Manuel Antonio, (1934- ), was a military leader who controlled Panama from 1983 to 1989.
0393680|Norman architecture is a regional adaptation of Romanesque architecture.
0393700|Norman Conquest is the name given to the conquest of England in 1066 by William, Duke of Normandy.
0393720|Normandy is a region in northwestern France.
0393750|Normans were a group of Vikings, or Norsemen (Scandinavians), who first settled in northern France, then advanced into England, southern Italy, and Sicily.
0393760|Norns were the three Fates of Scandinavian mythology.
0393780|Norris, Frank (1870-1902), was an American novelist and journalist and a leader of the naturalism movement.
0393800|Norris, George William (1861-1944), was one of the great independent politicians of American public life.
0393840|Norris-La Guardia Act of 1932 was one of the first laws that encouraged labor union activity in the United States.
0393960|North, Lord (1732-1792), Frederick, Earl of Guilford, was a British prime minister whose shortsighted treatment of the American Colonies helped bring on the Revolutionary War.
0393980|North America, the third largest continent in area, extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to South America in the south.
0394010|North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is a pact that unites Canada, Mexico, and the United States in one of the world's largest free-trade zones.
0394080|North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is a military alliance consisting of the United States, Canada, and 14 other Western countries.
0394160|North Carolina leads all the states of the United States in tobacco farming and in the manufacture of tobacco products.
0394200|North Carolina, University of, is a state-supported coeducational system of higher education.
0394270|North Cascades National Park is in northwestern Washington.
0394300|North Central States are the 12 states in the north-central part of the United States.
0394320|North Dakota is a Midwestern state of the United States.
0394340|North Dakota, University of, is a state-supported liberal arts institution in Grand Forks, North Dakota.
0394380|North Dakota State University is a state-controlled coeducational school at Fargo, North Dakota.
0394560|North Platte (pop. 22,605) is the center of a farming and cattle-raising region in western Nebraska.
0394600|North Pole is a term used for several invisible surface points located in the Arctic region.
0394640|North Sea is a wide arm of the Atlantic Ocean that lies between the island of Great Britain and the mainland of Europe.
0394660|North Star is a readily visible star that appears to be located almost directly above the North Pole.
0394730|North Warning System is a long-range radar network built to provide the United States and Canada with warning of an air attack from the north.
0394740|North West Company was a Canadian fur-trading company that became the main competition of the powerful Hudson's Bay Company during the late 1700's.
0394753|North West Rebellion was a conflict that arose in 1885 between the metis (people of mixed white and Indian ancestry) and the Canadian government in what is now Saskatchewan.
0394757|North York, Ont. (pop. 562,564), is one of the largest cities in Canada.
0394800|Northcliffe, Viscount (1865-1922), a famous English journalist and publisher, pioneered in the use of comics, special features, religious news, and tabloid newspapers.
0394920|Norther is a cold winter wind that sweeps over the Southern United States, the Gulf of Mexico, and the east coast of Central America, destroying crops and wrecking ships.
0394958|Northern harrier, sometimes called marsh hawk, is the only species of harrier that lives in North America.
0395000|Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four major political divisions that make up the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
0395040|Northern Mariana Islands, Commonwealth of the, is a chain of 16 islands in the Pacific Ocean.
0395120|Northern Territory is a tropical area in north-central Australia.
0395140|Northfield (pop. 14,684) is a city in southeastern Minnesota.
0395200|Northrop, John Howard (1891-1987), an American biochemist, shared the 1946 Nobel Prize in chemistry with James B. Sumner and W. M. Stanley.
0395360|Northwest Ordinance was an important law passed by the United States Congress on July 13, 1787.
0395380|Northwest Passage is a water route, long sought by explorers, across or around North America.
0395400|Northwest Territories is a vast region that covers about a third of Canada.
0395420|Northwest Territory was a vast tract of land lying north of the Ohio River, west of Pennsylvania, and east of the Mississippi River.
0395480|Northwestern University is a private coeducational institution with campuses in Evanston and Chicago, Ill.
0395485|Norton, Andre (1912- ), is an American author of science fiction.
0395520|Norway is a long, narrow country on the northwestern edge of the European continent.
0395560|Norwegian elkhound is a hunting dog that originated in Norway, probably between 5000 and 4000 B.C.
0395580|Norwich terrier is a breed of dog that developed in England about 1880.
0395620|Nose is the organ used for breathing and smelling.
0395640|Nosebleed is a discharge of blood from the nose.
0395660|Nostradamus, (1503-1566), was the Latin name of Michel de Notredame, a French astrologer and physician.
0395680|Notary public is an officer authorized by state law to certify certain documents and to take oaths.
0395700|Notation is any system of symbols and abbreviations that helps people work with a particular subject.
0395720|Note is an unconditional written promise to pay a specified sum of money on demand or at a given date to a designated person.
0395760|Notre Dame, Cathedral of, is a famous cathedral in Paris.
0395800|Notre Dame, University of, is a coeducational Roman Catholic school in Notre Dame, near South Bend, Ind.
0395920|Nottingham is an industrial city in central England.
0395940|Nouakchott, (pop. 350,000), is the capital and largest city of Mauritania.
0395960|Noun is a part of speech that identifies people, places, objects, actions, qualities, and ideas.
0395980|Nova is an explosion that causes a star to become from 10,000 to 100,000 times as bright as the sun.
0396020|Nova Scotia is one of the four Atlantic Provinces of Canada.
0396080|Novalis, (1772-1801), was the pen name of Baron Friedrich von Hardenberg, a German romantic poet.
0396100|Novaya Zemlya is a group of islands in the Arctic Ocean that separate the Barents Sea from the Kara Sea.
0396120|Novel is a long fictional story written in prose.
0396140|November is the eleventh month of the year according to the Gregorian calendar, which is used in almost all the world today.
0396180|Novgorod, (pop. 232,000), is an important industrial center and one of the oldest cities in Russia.
0396200|Novi Sad, (pop. 179,626), is a Yugoslav center of manufacturing and transportation.
0396260|Novosibirsk, (pop. 1,443,000), is an important center of manufacturing in Russia.
0396300|Noyes, Alfred (1880-1958), was one of the most popular English poets of the early 1900's.
0396400|Nu, U, (1907-1995), was a Burmese politician and statesman.
0396420|Nubia was a region of ancient Africa.
0396440|Nuclear energy, also called atomic energy, is the powerful energy released by changes in the nucleus (core) of atoms.
0396470|Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty is an international agreement that attempts to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons.
0396480|Nuclear physics is the branch of physics that deals with the properties, structure, and reactions of atomic nuclei.
0396500|Nuclear reactor is a device in which controlled nuclear fission reactions take place.
0396505|Nuclear Regulatory Commission is an independent agency of the United States government.
0396520|Nuclear weapon is any weapon that gets its destructive power from the transformation of matter in atoms into energy.
0396530|Nuclear winter refers to the deadly worldwide environmental effects that could result from a major nuclear war.
0396540|Nucleic acid is a complex molecule found in all cells.
0396610|Nuer are a cattle-raising people of east-central Africa.
0396620|Nuevo Laredo, (pop. 218,413), is a city on the eastern part of Mexico's border with the United States.
0396700|Nullification is the action of setting aside a law by declaring it null and void.
0396740|Number, in grammar, is a feature of language that indicates how many persons or objects are referred to.
0396760|Number and numeral. A number is an idea that is used to refer to amounts of things.
0396790|Number theory is the branch of mathematics concerned with the properties of the natural numbers, 1, 2, 3, 4.
0396820|Numbers, Book of, is the fourth book of the Bible.
0396860|Numeration systems are ways of counting and of naming numbers.
0396900|Numerology is the practice of using numbers to analyze character and foretell the future.
0396920|Numidia was an area in northern Africa during ancient times.
0396980|Nummulite is the name of a group of marine one-celled organisms.
0397000|Nun is a woman who belongs to a religious community and dedicates her life to carrying out its goals.
0397040|Nuremberg, (pop. 465,255), is an industrial city in southern Germany.
0397060|Nuremberg Trials were 13 trials held to judge leaders of Germany for their actions during World War II (1939-1945).
0397070|Nureyev, Rudolf (1938-1993), was one of the great ballet dancers of the 1900's.
0397120|Nursery produces and raises plants for transplanting in fields, gardens, orchards, and landscaped areas.
0397140|Nursery rhyme is a rhythmical poem that amuses or soothes young children.
0397160|Nursery school is a type of early childhood education program designed chiefly for children 3 or 4 years old.
0397180|Nurse's aide is a person who helps nurses in hospitals perform their work.
0397200|Nursing. Most nurses work in hospitals taking care of sick people and helping them get well.
0397210|Nursing home is a residential institution that provides medical or nonmedical care, chiefly for people who are 65 years old or older.
0397220|Nut is the popular name for many kinds of dry, edible seeds or fruits that grow in a woody shell.
0397260|Nutcracker is the name of two species of birds.
0397280|Nuthatch is the name of a group of tree-climbing songbirds.
0397300|Nutmeg is a tropical tree that is grown commercially for the spice it provides.
0397340|Nutria, or coypu, is a large rodent that lives near water.
0397360|Nutrition is the science that deals with food and how the body uses it.
0397390|Nutting, Mary Adelaide (1858-1948), was a leader in the development of professional nursing in the United States.
0397500|Nye, Bill (1850-1896), was a popular American humorist.
0397530|Nyerere, Julius Kambarage, (1922- ), was president of Tanzania from 1964 until he retired in 1985.
0397540|Nylon is the general term for a group of synthetic products.
0397580|Nymph was a lovely maiden of Greek and Roman mythology who guarded the different realms of nature.
0397600|Nystagmus is an involuntary, rhythmical movement of the eyes.
0397630|Nzinga a Nkuwa, (?-1506), was the divine ruler of the Kongo kingdom in west-central Africa.
0397640|O is the 15th letter in our alphabet.
0397650|O Canada is the national anthem of Canada.
0397700|Oak is any of a large variety of trees or shrubs that bear acorns.
0397770|Oak Ridge National Laboratory, in Oak Ridge, Tenn., is one of the largest and most diverse energy research and development centers in the United States.
0397800|Oakland, California (pop. 372,242; met. area pop. 2,082,914), is one of the busiest shipping centers in the state.
0397820|Oakley, Annie (1860-1926), was a famous American sharpshooter who starred in Buffalo Bill's Wild West show for over 16 years.
0397900|Oarfish is a large fish that lives in all oceans.
0397940|Oasis is a fertile, vegetated area in a desert where underground water comes close enough to the surface for wells and springs to exist.
0397960|Oates, Joyce Carol (1938- ), is an American author.
0398000|Oath is a pledge or promise.
0398020|Oatmeal is a food product prepared from oats.
0398040|Oats are an important grain crop.
0398060|Oaxaca, officially Oaxaca de Juarez (pop. 213,985), is the capital of Oaxaca, a state in southern Mexico.
0398100|Ob River is one of the chief rivers of Russia in Asia.
0398120|Obadiah, Book of, is a book of the Hebrew Bible, or Old Testament, named for an Israelite prophet.
0398160|Obelisk is a great, upright, four-sided stone pillar.
0398180|Oberammergau, (pop. 4,664), is a Bavarian village 45 miles (72 kilometers) southwest of Munich in southern Germany.
0398220|Oberlin College is a privately controlled, coeducational liberal arts school at Oberlin, Ohio.
0398400|Oboe is the smallest and highest-pitched of the double-reed woodwinds.
0398445|Obote, Apollo Milton, (1926- ), served as president of Uganda from 1966 until 1971 and from 1980 until 1985.
0398460|Obregon, Alvaro, (1880-1928), was president of Mexico from 1920 to 1924.
0398470|O'Brien, Lawrence Francis (1917-1990), served as postmaster general of the United States from 1965 to 1968.
0398473|O'Brien, Robert C. (1918-1973), was the pen name of Robert Leslie Conly, an American author of children's books.
0398477|Obscenity and pornography are terms used to designate written, recorded, or pictorial material--including motion pictures--that many people consider indecent and thus find offensive.
0398480|Observatory is a building or an institution where astronomers study the planets, the sun and other stars, and other objects in the universe.
0398500|Obsidian is a natural glass formed when hot lava flows onto the surface of the earth and cools quickly.
0398520|Obstetrics and gynecology are branches of medicine that deal with women's health.
0398540|Ocarina is a small wind instrument of the whistle type.
0398560|O'Casey, Sean, (1880-1964), was perhaps the greatest Irish playwright of his time.
0398620|Occultism is a term that refers to a wide range of beliefs and practices involving magic or forces outside the natural world.
0398660|Occupancy is a legal method by which a person or nation acquires title to something that no one else owns.
0398710|Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is an agency of the United States Department of Labor that promotes safe and healthful working conditions.
0398720|Occupational therapy is the use of practical activities to treat physical or mental disabilities.
0398740|Ocean is the great body of water that covers more than 70 per cent of the earth's surface.
0398780|Ocean Drilling Program is a scientific program that provides data on the composition of the earth beneath the ocean floor.
0398900|Ocelot is a medium-sized animal of the cat family.
0398920|Ocher, also spelled ochre, is a kind of earth which is ground to a fine powder and used as a pigment with linseed oil or some other oil to form artist's paint.
0398960|Ochs, Adolph Simon (1858-1935), rose from a job as a newsboy to become the publisher and guiding influence of The New York Times.
0398980|Ocmulgee National Monument, is in central Georgia.
0399000|O'Connell, Daniel (1775-1847), an Irish statesman, helped lead the struggle of Roman Catholics to gain political rights in Great Britain.
0399030|O'Connor, Flannery (1925-1964), was an American author whose novels and stories are filled with characters who are physically deformed or emotionally or spiritually disturbed.
0399035|O'Connor, John Joseph Cardinal (1920- ), was appointed a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church by Pope John Paul II in 1985.
0399040|O'Connor, Sandra Day (1930- ), became the first woman to serve as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.
0399060|Ocotillo is a shrub that grows in the deserts of Mexico and Southwestern United States.
0399100|Octagon is a plane figure with eight sides.
0399120|Octahedron is any solid figure with eight faces.
0399140|Octane is any of 18 chemical compounds that consist of 8 carbon atoms and 18 hydrogen atoms.
0399160|Octane number is a number that tells how well a motor fuel resists "knocking.
0399220|Octavia, (69?-11 B.C.), was the older half-sister of the Roman ruler Octavian, who became the emperor Augustus in 27 B.C.
0399280|Octillion. In France and the United States, an octillion is 1 followed by 27 zeros.
0399300|October is the 10th month of the year according to the Gregorian calendar, which is used in almost all the world today.
0399320|Octopus is a sea animal with a rounded body, large eyes, and eight long arms.
0399360|Odd Fellows, Independent Order of, is one of the major fraternal and benevolent orders in the United States.
0399380|Ode is a poem of moderate length that usually expresses exalted praise.
0399400|O'Dell, Scott (1898-1989), an American author, became known for his historical novels for children.
0399500|Oder River is an important waterway in central Europe.
0399540|Odessa, (pop. 1,106,000), is a seaport city in Ukraine.
0399560|Odets, Clifford (1906-1963), an American dramatist, is best known for his plays of social conflict written during the 1930's.
0399580|Odin was the chief god in Norse mythology.
0399600|Odoacer, (A.D. 434?-493), was the Germanic leader who overthrew the last emperor of Rome in the West, ending the West Roman Empire.
0399700|Odyssey, an epic poem, is perhaps the most influential and most popular work in ancient Greek literature.
0399740|Oedipus was a king of Thebes in Greek mythology.
0399760|Oedipus complex, a concept used in psychoanalysis, is a child's unconscious desire for the exclusive love of the parent of the opposite sex.
0399820|Oersted, Hans Christian (1777-1851), a Danish physicist and chemist, laid the foundation for the science of electromagnetism (see ELECTROMAGNETISM ).
0399840|Offenbach, Jacques, (1819-1880), a French composer, created the French style of operetta.
0399920|Office work is the process of recording, storing, and distributing the information needed to operate a business.
0399960|Offset is a printing process in which the printing is done first on the rubber surface of a rotating cylinder.
0399980|Offutt Air Force Base, Nebraska, is headquarters of the United States Strategic Command (USSTRATCOM), an interservice command for nuclear offensive forces.
0400000|O'Flaherty, Liam, (1896-1984), was an Irish writer of novels and short stories.
0400060|Ogden, (pop. 63,909), is one of Utah's largest cities.
0400140|Oglethorpe, James Edward (1696-1785), an Englishman, was the founder of the colony of Georgia.
0400220|O'Hara, John (1905-1970), was an American novelist and short-story writer.
0400260|O'Hara, Mary (1885-1980), was the pen name of Mary O'Hara Alsop, an American author.
0400302|O'Higgins, Bernardo (1778-1842), was the chief liberator of Chile and its first leader after independence.
0400320|Ohio is one of the leading industrial states in the United States.
0400340|Ohio Company. There were two Ohio Companies in American history.
0400380|Ohio River is the second most heavily used commercial river in the United States.
0400400|Ohio State University is a state-assisted coeducational institution with campuses in Columbus, Lima, Mansfield, Marion, and Newark, Ohio.
0400440|Ohio University is a state-assisted coeducational school in Athens, Ohio.
0400480|Ohm is the unit used to measure resistance to the passage of an electric current.
0400500|Ohm, Georg Simon (1787-1854), a German physicist, in 1827 discovered the mathematical law of electric currents called Ohm's law (see OHM'S LAW ).
0400520|Ohm's law is a mathematical formula that expresses the relationship between the electromotive force, electric current, and resistance in a circuit.
0400540|Oil. Any greasy substance that does not dissolve in water, but can be dissolved in ether, is classified as an oil.
0400640|Oil shale is a soft, fine-grained sedimentary rock from which oil and natural gas are obtained.
0400670|Oilbird is a cave-dwelling bird found in the tropics of northern South America.
0400680|Oilcloth is a heavy, waterproof cloth used to cover tables and walls that must often be washed.
0400740|Oistrakh, David (1908-1974), was a leading Soviet violinist.
0400800|Ojos del Salado is the second highest mountain in the Western Hemisphere.
0400860|Okapi is a rare animal that lives in dense forests around the Congo River basin in Africa.
0400900|O'Keeffe, Georgia (1887-1986), was an American painter who found most of her inspiration in nature.
0400920|Okefenokee Swamp lies mostly in southeastern Georgia.
0400940|Okhotsk, Sea of, is a large arm of the north Pacific Ocean on the eastern boundary of Russia.
0400960|Okinawa, or in Japanese, is the largest and most important island of the Ryukyu Islands, a chain of islands in the North Pacific Ocean.
0400980|Oklahoma is a major fuel and food producing state in the southwestern part of the United States.
0401000|Oklahoma, University of, is a state-supported coeducational institution in Norman, Oklahoma.
0401040|Oklahoma City (pop. 444,719; met. area pop. 958,839) is the capital and largest city of Oklahoma.
0401100|Oklahoma State University is a state-supported coeducational school in Stillwater, Okla.
0401120|Okra, also called gumbo or okro, is a plant cultivated for its immature pods.
0401150|Olajuwon, Hakeem, (1963- ), ranks among the greatest centers in the history of the National Basketball Association (NBA).
0401180|Olav V, (1903-1991), became king of Norway in 1957 when his father, King Haakon VII, died.
0401200|Old age cannot be defined exactly because it does not have the same meaning in all societies.
0401280|Old Bailey is the common name for the Central Criminal Court in London.
0401360|Old Catholic churches are a group of Christian churches that split away from the Roman Catholic Church.
0401460|Old English sheepdog is best known for its long hair, "bobbed" tail, and odd, shuffling walk.
0401740|Old North Church is the popular name for Christ Church, the oldest public building in Boston.
0401940|Old Testament is the first part of the Bible.
0401960|Old World is a general term applied to the Eastern Hemisphere.
0401970|Oldenburg, Claes, (1929- ), is an American sculptor who became a leader of the pop art movement during the early 1960's.
0401980|Oldfield, Barney (1877-1946), was the first person to drive an automobile at a speed of 1 mile (1.6 kilometers) per minute.
0402020|Olds, Ransom Eli (1864-1950), was a pioneer automobile inventor and manufacturer.
0402040|Oleander is a popular ornamental flowering shrub.
0402050|O'Leary, Hazel Rollins (1937- ), became the first woman and first African American to serve as United States secretary of energy.
0402200|Oligarchy is any type of government in which power is held by relatively few people.
0402235|Oliphant, Patrick Bruce (1935- ), is a well-known editorial cartoonist.
0402240|Olive is the fruit of a tree that grows in subtropical regions.
0402260|Olive oil is a fragrant, edible oil made from olives.
0402340|Olivier, Laurence (1907-1989), became one of the leading English actors of the 1900's.
0402350|Olivine is any of a group of common rock-forming minerals that consist of silicon, oxygen, magnesium, and iron.
0402360|Olmec Indians, developed what may have been the earliest civilization in the Americas.
0402401|Olmsted, Frederick Law (1822-1903), was an American landscape architect, city planner, and writer on social issues.
0402430|Olson, Charles (1910-1970), was one of the most influential American poets of his time.
0402440|Olympia is a valley about 11 miles (18 kilometers) from Pirgos, Greece.
0402460|Olympia, (pop. 33,840; met. area pop. 161,238), is the capital of the state of Washington, and the gateway to southwestern Washington and the Olympic Peninsula.
0402480|Olympiad. In the Greek system of telling time, an Olympiad was the period of four years that elapsed between two successive celebrations of the Olympian, or Olympic, Games.
0402500|Olympias, (375?-316 B.C.), was the wife of Philip II of Macedonia, and the mother of Alexander the Great.
0402520|Olympic Games are the most important international athletic competition in the world.
0402540|Olympic Mountains are part of the Pacific Coast Ranges.
0402560|Olympic National Park lies in the Olympic Peninsula of Washington, not far from Seattle and Tacoma.
0402640|Omaha, (pop. 335,795; met. area pop. 639,580), is the largest city in Nebraska.
0402650|Omaha Indians live mainly in northeast Nebraska.
0402700|Oman is a small country in the southeast corner of the Arabian Peninsula.
0402760|Omar Khayyam, (1048-1131), was a Persian poet, astronomer, and mathematician.
0402775|Ombudsman is a nonpartisan public official who investigates people's complaints about government officials or agencies.
0402780|Omdurman, (pop. 526,827), is the largest city in Sudan.
0402820|Omen is supposedly a sign of future good or bad luck.
0402860|Omnibus bill is a term sometimes used for a bill that includes several unrelated measures when it is put before a legislative assembly.
0402920|Omnivore is an animal that eats both animals and plants.
0402940|Omsk, (pop. 1,159,000), is a major manufacturing center of Russia.
0403000|Onager is the name of a fast-running animal which is a relative of the donkey.
0403010|Onassis, Aristotle Socrates, (1906-1975), a Greek shipowner and business executive, became one of the world's wealthiest individuals.
0403020|Onate, Juan de (1550?-1626?), was a Spanish explorer.
0403030|Oncology is the study of the development, treatment, and prevention of cancer.
0403080|O'Neal, Shaquille, (1972- ), is a star center for the Orlando Magic of the National Basketball Association (NBA).
0403100|O'Neale, Peggy (1796-1879), was a central figure in one of the greatest disputes in the history of Washington, D.C., society.
0403160|Oneida Community, a cooperative community in Oneida, N.Y., was founded by John Humphrey Noyes in 1848.
0403220|O'Neill, Eugene Gladstone (1888-1953), is regarded as America's greatest playwright.
0403250|O'Neill, Thomas Philip (1912-1994), a Massachusetts Democrat, served as Speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 1977 until 1987, when he retired.
0403260|Onion is a vegetable that has a strong odor and flavor.
0403280|Onomatopoeia is a word whose sound suggests the sound it refers to.
0403320|Ontario, has more people than any other Canadian province.
0403440|Onyx is a term used loosely to apply to a banded carbonate rock and also to agate, a fine-grained variety of quartz (see Agate).
0403480|Ooze is a name for the deposits found on the bottom of the ocean in deep waters.
0403520|Opal is a gemstone that contains a rainbow of colors.
0403550|Oparin, Alexander Ivanovich (1894-1980), was a Soviet biochemist.
0403620|Open-Door Policy is a term used in international relations.
0403670|Open housing refers to the civil rights view that people may live wherever they choose and can afford to live.
0403720|Open shop is a business that employs both union and nonunion workers.
0403780|Opera is a drama in which the characters sing, rather than speak, all or most of their lines.
0403860|Operetta is a type of musical theater that achieved its greatest popularity from the 1850's to about 1920.
0403900|Ophthalmia is a name for severe diseases affecting the eye membranes.
0403920|Ophthalmology is the field of medicine involving the diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases.
0403940|Ophthalmoscope is an optical instrument for examining the interior of the eye.
0403960|Opiate is any drug made from or containing opium.
0404020|Opium is a drug that serves as the source of several medicines, including codeine and morphine.
0404060|Opossum is any member of a family of furry mammals that live in the Western Hemisphere.
0404080|Oppenheimer, J. Robert (1904-1967), an American physicist, became known as the father of the atomic bomb.
0404120|Opposition is a term that describes the relative position of two heavenly bodies when the earth comes closest to being directly between them.
0404180|Optical illusion. As we look down a long, straight road, we see that it seems to grow narrower in the distance.
0404220|Optics is the branch of physics and engineering that is concerned with the properties of light.
0404260|Optimist International is an association of service clubs in the United States, Canada, and the Caribbean.
0404280|Optometry is a profession devoted to the care of vision.
0404340|Oracle, in the ancient Greek world, was a shrine where people came to seek advice from prophets or prophetesses.
0404400|Oran, (pop. 663,504), is a Mediterranean seaport in Algeria.
0404440|Orange is a popular citrus fruit enjoyed by people throughout the world.
0404520|Orange Free State is a historic region in South Africa.
0404550|Orange Order is a Protestant organization in Northern Ireland.
0404560|Orange River is the longest river in South Africa.
0404640|Orangutan is a large, red-haired ape that lives in the tropical rain forests on the islands of Borneo and Sumatra in Southeast Asia.
0404660|Oratorio is a dramatic vocal composition usually based on a religious story.
0404680|Oratory is the art of eloquent speaking.
0404700|Orbit is the path of a natural or artificial object that moves under the influence of a central force.
0404740|Orchestra is a group of musicians who play together on various instruments.
0404760|Orchestra bells imitate the effect of authentic cast bronze bells.
0404780|Orchid is any of an extremely large family of plants, many of which bear beautiful flowers.
0404805|Orczy, Baroness (1865-1947), was a Hungarian-born English author known chiefly for her adventure-filled novels and detective stories.
0404820|Order is a unit of scientific classification.
0404860|Order in Council is a decree issued by the British Crown when a matter of great importance confronts the nation.
0404940|Ordinance is a public law or regulation that is usually made by the governing body of a city, town, or village.
0405040|Ordnance is a military term used for weapons and ammunition.
0405080|Ore is a mineral or rock that contains enough metal to make it worth mining.
0405140|Oregano is a seasoning used in many popular foods, including pizza and spaghetti sauce.
0405160|Oregon, a Pacific Coast state of the United States, is known for its vast forests of evergreen trees.
0405180|Oregon, University of, is a state-assisted coeducational school in Eugene, Ore.
0405240|Oregon grape is the state flower of Oregon.
0405300|Oregon State University is a state-supported, coeducational school in Corvallis, Oregon.
0405340|Oregon Territory was created after the settlement in 1846 of a boundary dispute between the United States and Britain.
0405360|Oregon Trail was the longest of the great overland routes used in the westward expansion of the United States.
0405370|O'Reilly, Leonora (1870-1927), was an American labor leader and reformer.
0405380|Orellana, Francisco de (1511?-1546), a Spanish explorer, headed the first group of Europeans to navigate the entire length of the Amazon River in South America.
0405410|Orff, Carl (1895-1982), was a German composer and music educator.
0405440|Organ is a keyboard musical instrument.
0405540|Organic chemistry is the study of compounds that contain carbon atoms.
0405620|Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development is an association of 25 nations in Western Europe, North America, and the Pacific area.
0405630|Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe is an international association of more than 50 Eastern and Western countries that work to increase their security.
0405640|Organization of African Unity (OAU) is an association of African nations.
0405660|Organization of American States (OAS) is an association of 35 American countries.
0405670|Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is an association of 12 nations that depend heavily on oil exports for their incomes.
0405740|Orient is another name for the Asian countries and islands, or the East.
0405760|Oriental exclusion acts, a series of actions and acts approved by the United States government, restricted and prohibited Asians from entering the United States.
0405840|Origami is the art of folding paper into decorative objects.
0405900|Orinoco River is the longest river in Venezuela.
0405920|Oriole. In America, orioles form a subdivision of the blackbird family.
0405940|Orion was a handsome and energetic hunter in Greek mythology.
0405960|Orion, the Hunter, is a brilliant constellation that includes two of the brightest stars in the sky.
0406050|Orizaba, Pico de, is the highest mountain in Mexico and the third highest in North America.
0406060|Orkney Islands are a group of islands that form part of Scotland.
0406100|Orlando, Fla. (pop. 164,693; met. area pop. 1,224,852), is a popular winter resort and tourist center.
0406120|Orlando, Vittorio Emanuele, (1860-1952), served as prime minister of Italy from 1917 to 1919.
0406140|Orleans, (pop. 107,965; met. area pop. 243,153), is an important commercial center in north-central France.
0406240|Ormandy, Eugene (1899-1985), became one of the world's best-known orchestra conductors as director of the Philadelphia Orchestra.
0406320|Ornithology is the scientific study of birds.
0406360|Ornithopter is a machine designed to fly by flapping its wings like a bird.
0406390|Oroville Dam is the highest dam in the United States.
0406400|Orozco, Jose Clemente, (1883-1949), was a Mexican painter.
0406440|Orpheus was a musician in Greek and Roman mythology.
0406470|Orr, Bobby (1948- ), was one of the greatest defensemen in professional hockey history.
0406540|Orrisroot is the dried, sweet-smelling rhizome (underground stem) of certain irises.
0406570|Ortega, Daniel (1945- ), was head of Nicaragua's government from 1979 until 1990.
0406580|Ortega y Gasset, Jose (1883-1955), was a Spanish philosopher and essayist.
0406620|Orthodontics is the branch of dentistry that prevents and corrects irregular positions of the teeth.
0406680|Orthopedics is a branch of medicine that deals with disorders of the bones and muscles and their associated tissues.
0406780|Orwell, George, was the pen name of Eric Arthur Blair (1903-1950), an English novelist and social critic.
0406820|Osage Indians, once gathered food and hunted buffalo throughout a vast region of what are now Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma.
0406840|Osage orange is a small- to medium-sized tree planted across the United States for hedges, ornamental purposes, and shade.
0406860|Osaka, (pop. 2,623,801), is the third largest city in Japan.
0406881|Osborn, Henry Fairfield (1857-1935), was an American paleontologist (expert on prehistoric life).
0406900|Osborne, John (1929-1994), an English dramatist, became famous with his first important play, Look Back in Anger (1956).
0406920|Osborne, Thomas Mott (1859-1926), was an American prison reformer.
0406940|Oscan was a language used by one of the earliest known peoples of Italy.
0407000|Osceola, (1804?-1838), led the Seminole Indians in Florida during the Second Seminole War (1835-1842).
0407060|Oscilloscope is an electronic instrument that displays changing electrical signals.
0407100|Oshawa, Ont. (pop. 129,344; met. area pop. 240,104), is an important Canadian industrial city sometimes called Canada's Motor City.
0407140|Osier is the name of certain shrubs and small trees in the willow family.
0407160|Osiris was an Egyptian fertility god who became the chief god of the underworld.
0407180|Osler, Sir William (1849-1919), was a Canadian physician and one of the greatest medical educators.
0407200|Oslo (pop. 457,818) is the capital and largest city of Norway.
0407240|Osmium is a hard metallic element.
0407260|Osmosis is the movement of liquid from one solution through a special membrane into a more concentrated solution.
0407280|Osprey, also called fish hawk, is a fish-eating bird.
0407320|Ossietzky, Carl von (1889-1938), a German journalist, won the 1935 Nobel Peace Prize for promoting world disarmament.
0407380|Ostend, (pop. 69,067), is a Belgian city on the North Sea, about 77 miles (124 kilometers) northwest of Brussels.
0407400|Ostend Manifesto was a controversial document drafted in 1854 as part of a plan by the United States to acquire the colony of Cuba from Spain.
0407420|Osteology is the science concerned with the structure and function of bones.
0407440|Osteomyelitis is an inflammation of bone and bone marrow, the jellylike material in the core of bones.
0407455|Osteopathic medicine is a system of medical care based on the belief that all body systems are interrelated.
0407470|Osteoporosis is a disease resulting in the loss of bone tissue.
0407480|Osteosclerosis, means hardening, thickening, and increased density of bone.
0407540|Ostrava, (pop. 331,448), is one of the largest cities in the Czech Republic.
0407560|Ostrich is the largest living bird.
0407620|Ostwald, Wilhelm, (1853-1932), a German chemist, writer, and teacher, won the 1909 Nobel Prize for chemistry.
0407660|Oswald, Lee Harvey (1939-1963), was accused of assassinating President John F. Kennedy on Nov. 22, 1963, in Dallas, Tex.
0407680|Oswego, N.Y. (pop. 19,536), is the easternmost port on the Great Lakes.
0407760|Otis, Elisha Graves (1811-1861), was an American inventor who built the first elevator with an automatic safety device.
0407780|Otis, James (1725-1783), was an American patriot and agitator against Great Britain.
0407860|Otoscope is an instrument that doctors use to examine the eardrum.
0407880|Ottawa, Ont., is the capital of Canada.
0407900|Ottawa, University of, or Universite d' Ottawa, is a coeducational school in Ottawa, Canada.
0407920|Ottawa River is the chief branch of the St. Lawrence River and one of the most important streams of Canada.
0407960|Otter is a member of the weasel family.
0408000|Otter hound is a breed of dog that was developed in Britain for the sport of hunting otters.
0408060|Otto I (1815-1867), was the first king of Greece after the Greeks won their independence from the Ottoman Empire (now Turkey) in 1830.
0408070|Otto I, the Great (912-973), a German king, was the first emperor of what became known as the Holy Roman Empire.
0408090|Otto II (955-983), a German king, was the second emperor of what became known as the Holy Roman Empire.
0408120|Ottoman Empire was the most powerful empire in the world during the 1500's and 1600's.
0408180|Ouachita River, begins in the Ouachita Mountains of western Arkansas and flows east and then south into Louisiana.
0408200|Ouagadougou, (pop. 442,223), is the capital and largest city of Burkina Faso.
0408230|Ouija board is a device used to supposedly ask questions of the spirits of the dead and receive answers from them.
0408300|Ounce is a measure of weight and volume.
0408460|Outboard motor is a gasoline engine or electric motor attached to the stern of a boat.
0408480|Outcault, Richard Felton (1863-1928), was an American cartoonist.
0408580|Outline is a short summary of the main topics or principal ideas of a written work or a speech.
0408590|Outrigger is either of two kinds of boats or two kinds of boat devices.
0408610|Outward Bound is an international educational organization that provides challenging wilderness experiences as courses of study.
0408660|Ovary is either of a pair of female sex organs that store and release eggs.
0408700|Ovenbird is a common American bird that belongs to the family of warblers.
0408840|Overture is an instrumental composition that introduces a longer musical work, especially an opera.
0408880|Ovid, (43 B.C.-A.D. 17?), was a great Roman poet.
0408900|Oviparous animal is an animal that reproduces by means of fertilized eggs that develop outside of the mother's body.
0408961|Owen, Robert (1771-1858), was a Welsh-born social reformer.
0408962|Owen, Robert Dale (1801-1877), was a social theorist and an American legislator.
0408980|Owen, Ruth Bryan (1885-1954), was the first American woman chosen to represent the United States in another country.
0409020|Owens, Jesse (1913-1980), was an American track-and-field star.
0409070|Owensboro, Ky. (pop. 53,549; met. area pop. 87,189), lies on the south bank of the Ohio River, 80 miles (130 kilometers) southwest of Louisville.
0409080|Owl is a type of bird that usually lives alone and hunts for food at night.
0409120|Owyhee Dam is one of the larger concrete arch gravity dams in the world.
0409140|Ox. Oxen include domestic cattle, water buffalo, bison, musk oxen, brahman, yak, banteng, and other members of the bovine family.
0409160|Oxalic acid is a strong organic acid found in many vegetables and other plants.
0409180|Oxalis is the name of a large group of plants that grow chiefly in South Africa and South America.
0409200|Oxbow lake is a crescent-shaped lake that forms when a river channel is cut off from the main stream.
0409215|Oxenstierna, Axel Gustafsson (1583-1654), a Swedish statesman, was friend and adviser to King Gustavus Adolphus.
0409240|Oxford, England (pop. 115,000), is the seat of Oxford University.
0409280|Oxford Movement is the name given to a revival in the Church of England that began in 1833 at Oxford.
0409300|Oxford University is the oldest university in Britain and one of the world's most famous institutions of higher learning.
0409320|Oxidation is a chemical reaction in which a substance loses electrons.
0409340|Oxide is a chemical compound of oxygen with some other element.
0409380|Oxnam, G. Bromley (1891-1963), was a bishop of the Methodist Church.
0409440|Oxygen is a life-supporting gas and a chemical element.
0409460|Oxygen tent is a device that has been used in medicine for patients who require more oxygen than is normally contained in the air.
0409560|Oyster is a type of shellfish found in oceans and coastal inlets in regions with mild to tropical climates.
0409580|Oystercatcher is the name of a family of wading birds that live on seacoasts in most parts of the world.
0409640|Ozark Mountains are a range of hills extending from southern Illinois across Missouri and into Arkansas and Oklahoma.
0409657|Ozawa, Seiji, (1935- ), is one of the outstanding orchestra conductors of his time.
0409658|Ozick, Cynthia (1928- ), is an American author whose works consistently address fundamental questions of Jewish life.
0409660|Ozone is a form of oxygen that is present in the earth's atmosphere in small amounts.
0409680|P is the 16th letter of our alphabet.
0409710|Paca is a large rodent found in the tropics of North and South America.
0409720|Paca, William (1740-1799), a Maryland signer of the Declaration of Independence, took part in many American political movements from 1771 until his death.
0409800|Pachomius, Saint (290?-346), a Christian monk from Egypt, founded the first Christian religious communities called monasteries.
0409820|Pachyderm is one of the pachydermata, a zoological classification that has been abandoned.
0409860|Pacific Coast States are California, Oregon, and Washington.
0409900|Pacific Islands, also called Oceania, is the name given to a group of many thousands of islands scattered across the Pacific Ocean.
0409920|Pacific Islands, Trust Territory of the, was a territory governed by the United States under the direction of the United Nations (UN).
0409980|Pacific Northwest includes all of Oregon, Washington, and Idaho, and western Montana.
0410020|Pacific Ocean is the largest body of water in the world.
0410120|Pacifism is a belief that rejects the use of violence.
0410160|Packaging is the preparation of goods for distribution and sale in bottles, boxes, cans, and other containers.
0410190|Pacu is the common name for several species of South American freshwater fish.
0410220|Paddlefish lives in the rivers and reservoirs of the Mississippi River drainage system.
0410280|Paderewski, Ignace Jan, (1860-1941), was a Polish pianist, composer, and statesman.
0410300|Padre Island is a barrier island that stretches for about 100 miles (160 kilometers) along the south Texas coast.
0410320|Padua, (pop. 215,137), stands on the Bacchiglione River, 22 miles (35 kilometers) southwest of Venice.
0410380|Paganini, Niccolo, (1782-1840), became one of the greatest violinists of all time.
0410480|Pageant is a spectacular entertainment, often held outdoors.
0410560|Pagoda is a type of tower commonly associated with Buddhist temples.
0410590|Paige, Satchel (1906?-1982), was one of the greatest pitchers in baseball history.
0410600|Pain is an unpleasant sensation.
0410620|Paine, Robert Treat (1731-1814), an American statesman, was a Massachusetts signer of the Declaration of Independence in 1776.
0410640|Paine, Thomas (1737-1809), was a famous pamphleteer, agitator, and writer on politics and religion.
0410680|Paint is a substance that colors and protects a wide variety of surfaces.
0410700|Painted Desert is a brilliantly colored plateau region extending about 200 miles (320 kilometers) along the Little Colorado River in north-central Arizona.
0410720|Painted-tongue, or salpiglossis, is a beautiful garden flower related to the petunia.
0410740|Painter refers to the artist who paints pictures, and also to the skilled worker in the building trades.
0410760|Painter's colic, sometimes called lead colic, is a severe pain in the abdomen that results from lead poisoning.
0410780|Painting is one of the oldest and most important arts.
0410820|Paisley is a city in western Scotland located about 7 miles (11 kilometers) west of Glasgow.
0410850|Paiute Indians is the name of two tribal groups of the Western United States--the Northern Paiute and the Southern Paiute.
0410880|Pakistan is a Muslim nation in South Asia.
0410900|Palace usually refers to the official residence of a king, queen, emperor, or empress.
0410980|Palate is the roof of the mouth.
0411000|Palatinate was the name of two little countries of the old German Empire.
0411020|Palau is a small island nation in the western Pacific Ocean.
0411140|Paleography is the study of ancient and medieval handwriting.
0411180|Paleontology is the study of animals, plants, and other organisms that lived in prehistoric times (more than 5,500 years ago).
0411220|Palermo, (pop. 698,556), is the capital and chief seaport of Sicily, an Italian island.
0411240|Palestine, a small, historic land at the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea, is one of the world's most historic places.
0411250|Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) is the political body that represents the Arab people of Palestine.
0411260|Palestrina, Giovanni, (1525?-1594), was one of the greatest composers of the Italian Renaissance.
0411460|Palladio, Andrea, (1508-1580), was an architect of the Italian Renaissance.
0411480|Palladium is a soft, shiny, silvery-white metal.
0411560|Palm is a group of trees, vines, and shrubs that typically grow in warm and wet climates, especially in the tropics.
0411580|Palm oil, made from the fruit of the oil palm tree, is one of the most widely used vegetable oils in the world.
0411590|Palm Springs (pop. 40,181) is a resort city in southern California that is surrounded by desert land and mountains.
0411620|Palm Sunday is the Sunday before Easter and marks the beginning of Holy Week in the Christian calendar.
0411630|Palmer, A. Mitchell (1872-1936), served as United States attorney general from 1919 to 1921 under President Woodrow Wilson.
0411640|Palmer, Alice Elvira Freeman (1855-1902), gained fame as an American educator.
0411660|Palmer, Arnold (1929- ), an American golfer, became one of the greatest and most popular players in the history of the sport.
0411680|Palmer, Joel (1810-1881), a Canadian-born statesman, won fame as a negotiator of important Indian treaties of 1854 and 1855.
0411700|Palmer, Nathaniel Brown (1799-1877), was an American sea captain.
0411720|Palmer, Potter (1826-1902), a merchant and real estate promoter, revolutionized the selling methods of his day.
0411780|Palmerston, Viscount (1784-1865), an English statesman, served with distinction as a foreign secretary and a prime minister.
0411800|Palmetto is the name of a group of about 20 species of palm trees.
0411840|Palmistry is the practice of foretelling the future by examining the lines and marks of the human hand.
0411900|Palmyra was an ancient Syrian city, about midway between the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea and the Euphrates River.
0411940|Palmyra palm is a kind of palm that grows throughout India and nearby islands and in other hot countries.
0411960|Palo Alto, Calif. (pop. 55,900), lies between San Francisco Bay and the Santa Cruz Mountains, 32 miles (51 kilometers) south of San Francisco.
0412000|Palomar Observatory is an astronomical observatory in southwestern California, about 45 miles (72 kilometers) northeast of downtown San Diego.
0412040|Paloverde is the name of two species of thorny trees that grow in the dry regions of the Southwestern United States.
0412060|Palsy, means the same as paralysis, the loss of movement or sensation (see PARALYSIS ).
0412100|Pamirs is a huge region where the Himalaya, Hindu Kush, Kunlun, and Tian Shan mountains meet.
0412140|Pampa is a Spanish word that means plain.
0412160|Pamphlet is a short published work of topical interest through which the writer wishes to inform or persuade the public.
0412180|Pan was the god of woods and pastures in Greek mythology.
0412220|Pan-American conferences have brought together representatives from countries of North, Central, and South America.
0412280|Pan American Games are a series of athletic contests patterned after the Olympic Games and sponsored by the Pan American Sports Organization (PASO).
0412300|Pan American Highway is a system of highways that extends from the United States-Mexican border to southern Chile.
0412380|Panama is a small country in Central America that has worldwide importance as a transportation center.
0412440|Panama Canal is a waterway that cuts across the Isthmus of Panama and links the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean.
0412480|Panama Canal Zone was a strip of land across the Isthmus of Panama that was governed by the United States from 1903 to 1979.
0412490|Panama City (pop. 389,172) is the capital and largest city of Panama.
0412640|Pancreas is a body organ found in human beings and all animals with backbones.
0412690|Pancreatitis is a disease that involves inflammation of the pancreas.
0412700|Panda is the name of two species of Asian mammals that differ greatly in appearance.
0412740|Pandit, Vijaya Lakshmi, (1900- ), one of India's most famous women, is distinguished for her work in government and for her interest in the women's movement.
0412760|Pandora, in Greek mythology, was the first woman.
0412800|Pangolin is the name of several species of animals that resemble anteaters and armadillos.
0412830|Panic disorder is a mental illness characterized by sudden, unexpected attacks of intense fear or terror.
0412920|Pankhurst, Emmeline Goulden (1858-1928), led the fight for women's voting rights in Britain.
0412940|Panmunjom is the site of the truce talks that ended the Korean War in 1953.
0412980|Pansy is a commonly cultivated type of violet.
0413040|Pantheism is the belief that the essence of God is in all things.
0413060|Pantheon is a well-preserved ancient temple in the center of Rome.
0413080|Panther is a name used loosely for certain members of the cat family.
0413120|Pantograph is the name of a mechanical drawing instrument which copies, traces, or cuts in duplicate a design, map outline, or drawing.
0413140|Pantomime refers to acting without words.
0413280|Papal States was the name given to territory once ruled by the pope of the Roman Catholic Church.
0413340|Papaya is a tropical fruit that has edible flesh and seeds.
0413370|Papen, Franz von (1879-1969), was a German politician who helped make Adolf Hitler head of the German government in 1933.
0413380|Paper is one of our most important industrial products.
0413400|Paper bag is one of our most useful items.
0413460|Paperwork refers to the use of decorative papers.
0413480|Papier-mache is a mixture of paper and glue used in crafts and the fine arts.
0413540|Papillon is a small breed of dog.
0413560|Papineau, Louis Joseph (1786-1871), organized a French-Canadian revolt against the government of Lower Canada in 1837.
0413600|Paprika is a red seasoning.
0413620|Papua New Guinea is an independent nation in the Pacific Ocean, north of Australia.
0413640|Papyrus is a water plant whose fibers were used by the people of ancient Egypt to make a writing material.
0413720|Parable is a brief story, proverb, or saying that expresses a moral.
0413740|Parabola is one of the curves most used in science.
0413760|Paracelsus, Philippus Aureolus, (1493?-1541), was a Swiss physician who introduced the use of drugs made from minerals.
0413780|Parachute is a device used to slow the fall of a person or object from an aircraft or any other great height.
0413800|Parade is a public march or procession honoring a particular occasion.
0413820|Paradise is a name for heaven.
0413880|Paraffin is a commonly used term for paraffin wax, a white, partly clear material.
0413900|Paragraph is a section of a written work that consists of one or more sentences constructed and arranged to function as a unit.
0413920|Paraguay is a small landlocked country near the center of South America.
0413940|Paraguay River is a waterway that flows south through Paraguay, cutting the country in two.
0413980|Parakeet is a small member of the parrot family.
0414000|Parallax is the difference in direction of an object when seen from two positions that are not in a direct line with each other and the object.
0414120|Paralysis, also called motor paralysis, is the loss of the ability to move voluntarily (under conscious control).
0414140|Paramaribo, (pop. 180,000), is the capital, largest city, and chief port of Suriname, a country in northeastern South America.
0414160|Paramecium is a tiny one-celled organism that can hardly be seen without the microscope.
0414170|Paramedic is a trained medical worker who takes the place of a physician in certain situations.
0414180|Parana, (pop. 276,160), is a river port city in east-central Argentina.
0414200|Parana River is the second longest river in South America, with a length of 2,485 miles (3,999 kilometers).
0414260|Parapsychology is the scientific study of certain alleged phenomena that do not exist according to current scientific assumptions.
0414280|Parasite is an organism that feeds and lives on another organism, called a host.
0414380|Parathyroid gland, consists of four tiny glands that function as one gland.
0414460|Parcel post is a postal service for carrying packages.
0414480|Parchment is an animal skin that has been prepared as a surface for writing.
0414520|Pardon is the act of releasing a person from the legal penalties for a crime the person has committed.
0414540|Pare, Ambroise, (1510?-1590), a French surgeon, made important contributions to the use of surgery in medicine.
0414580|Parent is a father or mother.
0414600|Parent education is instruction for parents or future parents about raising children.
0414610|Parent-teacher organizations are volunteer groups that work to improve the education, health, and safety of children and youth in local communities.
0414620|Parenthesis is a word, phrase, or sentence added to another sentence for the purpose of extra explanation, information, or comment.
0414650|Parents Without Partners is an organization of men and women who are raising children in a home that has only one parent.
0414680|Pareto, Vilfredo, (1848-1923), was an Italian sociologist and economist known chiefly for his theories on political behavior.
0414760|Paricutin is the most recent volcano to form in the Western Hemisphere.
0414800|Paris, in Greek mythology, was a son of Priam, king of Troy.
0414820|Paris is the capital and largest city of France.
0414880|Paris, University of, is a government-supported university system in Paris and its suburbs.
0415000|Parity, in physics, concerns the symmetry between an event and its reflection in a mirror.
0415020|Parity, in economics, is equivalence in the values of currencies or in the prices of goods over time.
0415040|Park. Most parks are sections of land set aside for enjoyment by the public.
0415050|Park, David (1911-1960), was an influential American painter and art teacher.
0415060|Park, Mungo (1771-1806), was a Scottish explorer who led one of the first European expeditions to investigate the course of the Niger River in western Africa.
0415120|Park Chung Hee (1917-1979) served as president of South Korea from 1963 to 1979.
0415160|Parker, Alton Brooks (1852-1926), an American judge and politician, won the Democratic Party nomination for United States President in 1904.
0415180|Parker, Charlie (1920-1955), an alto saxophonist and composer, ranks among the most influential musicians in jazz history.
0415200|Parker, Dorothy (1893-1967), was an American poet and short-story writer.
0415210|Parker, Ely Samuel (1828-1895), was the first Indian to serve as United States Commissioner of Indian Affairs.
0415220|Parker, Francis Wayland (1837-1902), an American educator, exerted great influence on modern educational practice.
0415280|Parker, Theodore (1810-1860), was an American Unitarian clergyman and social reformer.
0415375|Parkinson disease is a disorder of the brain that reduces muscle control.
0415390|Parkinson's law is a humorous criticism of the administration of business or government.
0415400|Parkman, Francis (1823-1893), one of America's greatest historians, wrote vivid accounts of the role of the Indians in North American history.
0415410|Parks, Rosa Lee (1913- ), an African-American civil rights activist, is best known for her role in a 1955 boycott of the Montgomery, Ala., bus system.
0415440|Parliament is the national lawmaking body of the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, Japan, and other democratic countries.
0415460|Parliamentary procedure is a way to conduct a meeting in an orderly manner.
0415480|Parma, (pop. 170,520), is a city in northern Italy.
0415520|Parmenides, (515?-450? B.C.), was the most important of the early Greek philosophers who lived before Socrates.
0415560|Parnassus is a mountain in Phocis in Greece.
0415580|Parnell, Charles Stewart (1846-1891), an Irish political leader, almost obtained home rule (self-government) for Ireland by constitutional means (see HOME RULE ).
0415600|Parochial school, refers to a private school conducted and supervised by a religious group, especially one conducted by the Roman Catholic Church.
0415620|Parody is a comic imitation of a literary work.
0415640|Parole is the early release of criminals from prison, in most cases as a reward for good behavior.
0415800|Parris Island Marine Corps Recruit Depot, S.C., trains most United States Marine Corps recruits east of the Mississippi River.
0415840|Parrish, Maxfield (1870-1966), an American painter and illustrator, portrayed a world of rich color and poetic fancy.
0415860|Parrot is the name of a large group of colorful birds found chiefly in warm, tropical regions.
0415900|Parrotfish is the name of a group of about 75 species of fish that live around coral reefs in tropical and subtropical seas.
0415920|Parry, Sir William Edward (1790-1855), a British naval officer and Arctic explorer, led official expeditions in 1819, 1821, and 1824, in search of the Northwest Passage.
0416020|Parsley is a biennial vegetable, sometimes considered as an herb.
0416040|Parsnip is a biennial vegetable with many deeply and finely lobed leaves.
0416080|Parsons, Elsie Clews (1875-1941), was an American cultural anthropologist.
0416100|Parsons, Talcott (1902-1979), was an American sociologist.
0416200|Parthenon is an ancient Greek temple in Athens.
0416220|Parthia was an ancient kingdom southeast of the Caspian Sea, in Asia.
0416230|Parti Quebecois is a political party in Quebec, the largely French-speaking province within mainly English-speaking Canada.
0416240|Participle is a verb form used as an adjective without losing its character as a verb.
0416260|Particle accelerator is a device that speeds up the movement of tiny bits of matter.
0416265|Particle detector is a device that physicists use to observe subatomic particles, units of matter smaller than an atom.
0416280|Partisans, work behind enemy lines in wartime to weaken the opponent's hold on its homeland, and to support the military operations of their allies.
0416320|Partnership is an association formed by two or more people to carry on a business.
0416330|Parton, Dolly (1946- ), is a popular country music singer and songwriter known for her expressive songs, lilting voice, and striking stage appearance.
0416340|Partridge is the bird that people in the northern and western parts of the United States call quail, or bobwhite.
0416380|Parts of speech are the word categories of languages.
0416460|Pasadena, Calif. (pop. 131,591), is an attractive residential city.
0416550|Pascal, a unit in the metric system, is used to measure pressure (force per unit of area).
0416560|Pascal, Blaise, (1623-1662), was a French physicist, mathematician, and philosopher.
0416580|Pascal's law, also called Pascal's principle, describes the effect of applying pressure on a fluid in a closed container.
0416600|Paschal II, (?-1118), was elected pope in 1099.
0416680|Pasqueflower is the name of three small plants with large flowers that open early in the spring.
0416760|Passamaquoddy Bay is a part of the Bay of Fundy between Maine and New Brunswick, Canada.
0416800|Passenger pigeon is an extinct bird that was formerly abundant in eastern North America.
0416830|Passion-flower is a type of woody vine that has unusual blossoms.
0416840|Passion music is a vocal composition that dramatically tells the Gospel story of the suffering and Crucifixion of Jesus Christ.
0416860|Passion play is a dramatic performance that presents the death and resurrection of a god.
0416960|Passover, also called Pesah, is a Jewish festival that celebrates the flight of the Israelites from Egyptian slavery, probably in the 1200's B.C.
0416980|Passport is a travel document that identifies the holder as a citizen of the country by which it is issued.
0417000|Pasta is a food made chiefly from wheat products and water.
0417060|Pasternak, Boris (1890-1960), was a Russian poet and fiction writer.
0417080|Pasteur, Louis (1822-1895), of France, made major contributions to chemistry, medicine, and industry that have greatly benefited humanity.
0417100|Pasteurization is a method of preserving food.
0417160|Pastorius, Francis Daniel (1651-1719?), a German lawyer and scholar, founded Germantown, now a part of Philadelphia.
0417180|Pastry is a food baked from a stiff, short dough that is composed basically of flour, salt, shortening, and water.
0417220|Patagonia is a region in the southern part of South America.
0417300|Patchouli is a strongly fragrant oil used in making perfumes.
0417360|Patent is a document issued by a national government granting an inventor exclusive rights to an invention for a limited time.
0417440|Pater, Walter Horatio (1839-1894), an English essayist and critic, influenced the artistic taste of many English people in the late 1800's.
0417460|Paterson, (pop. 140,891), is an important manufacturing center in northeastern New Jersey.
0417480|Paterson, Katherine (1932- ), is an American author of children's books.
0417500|Paterson, William (1745-1806), a lawyer and judge from New Jersey, was a signer of the Constitution of the United States.
0417580|Pathology is the study of disease, or any condition that limits the power, length, or enjoyment of life.
0417640|Patmos is a small volcanic island in the Aegean Sea, off Turkey's west coast.
0417660|Paton, Alan (1903-1988), was a South African author, social critic, and educator who wrote about the tragic consequences of rigid racial segregation.
0417680|Patriarch was the father or ruler of a family or tribe in ancient times.
0417720|Patricians were aristocrats of the early Roman Republic (509-264 B.C.).
0417760|Patrick, Saint (about 389-461), is the patron saint of Ireland.
0417780|Patrick Air Force Base, Florida, is the home of the United States Air Force's Eastern Space and Missile Center.
0417800|Patriotism is the love of one's country.
0417860|Patronage, in politics is the power to name appointees to government jobs.
0417900|Patroon system was a plan set up by the Dutch West India Company in 1629.
0417960|Patton, George Smith, Jr. (1885-1945), was one of the most colorful American generals of World War II.
0418010|Paul I (1901-1964) was king of Greece from 1947 to 1964.
0418021|Paul III (1468-1549) was elected pope in 1534 and reigned during the transition in Rome from the Renaissance to the church renewal movement called the Counter Reformation.
0418022|Paul IV (1476-1559) was elected pope in 1555.
0418024|Paul VI (1897-1978) was elected pope of the Roman Catholic Church in 1963.
0418060|Paul, Alice (1885-1977), became one of the first American leaders of the movement for equal rights for women.
0418080|Paul, Saint, was one of the most important leaders of early Christianity.
0418180|Pauli, Wolfgang (1900-1958), an Austrian theoretical physicist, won the 1945 Nobel Prize in physics for his proposal in 1925 of a rule explaining the behavior of electrons in atoms.
0418200|Pauling, Linus Carl (1901-1994), an American chemist, won two Nobel Prizes.
0418220|Paulists are members of the first Roman Catholic order of priests to be founded in America.
0418290|Pavarotti, Luciano, (1935- ), an Italian lyric tenor, became one of the most popular opera stars of the 1900's.
0418340|Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich, (1849-1936), a Russian physiologist, won the 1904 Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine for his research on digestion.
0418360|Pavlova, Anna, (1881-1931), a Russian ballerina, became the most famous dancer of her generation.
0418380|Pawnbroker is a person who lends small sums of money on articles of clothing, watches, jewelry, and other belongings that are left with the pawnbroker as security.
0418400|Pawnee Indians are a tribe that lives largely in the Pawnee, Okla., area.
0418420|Pawpaw is a small tree or shrub native to North America.
0418440|Pawtucket, (pop. 72,644), is the fourth largest city in Rhode Island.
0418560|Payne, John Howard (1791-1852), was the first American playwright to achieve international fame.
0418563|Payne-Gaposchkin, Cecilia Helena (1900-1979), was an English-born astronomer who became an authority on variable stars (stars that change in brightness) and the structure of the Milky Way Galaxy.
0418565|Payton, Walter (1954- ), a running back for the Chicago Bears, became the leading rusher in National Football League (NFL) history.
0418590|Paz, Octavio, (1914- ), a Mexican poet and essayist, won the 1990 Nobel Prize for literature.
0418620|Pea is a plant grown chiefly for its round edible seeds, which are also called peas.
0418740|Peace is the state of being calm, quiet, and free of disturbance.
0418780|Peace Bridge is a symbol of the years of friendship between the peoples of the United States and Canada.
0418820|Peace Corps is an independent overseas volunteer program of the United States government.
0418920|Peace pipe, also called calumet, was a ceremonial tobacco pipe that North American Indians smoked as a sign of peace and friendship.
0418940|Peace River, in western Canada, is the largest tributary of the Mackenzie River.
0418960|Peach is a roundish, yellow to reddish, edible fruit.
0418980|Peach moth is a small, mottled brown moth.
0419020|Peacock, also called peafowl, is one of the showiest of all birds because of its great size and the beauty of its feathers.
0419060|Peale was a family of famous American artists.
0419080|Peale, Norman Vincent (1898-1993), an American clergyman, won fame for his writings and his radio and television programs.
0419100|Peanut is a plant species grown mainly for its fruit.
0419120|Pear is a fleshy fruit.
0419130|Pearce, Philippa (1920- ), is an English writer of children's books.
0419140|Pearl is one of the most valuable gems.
0419160|Pearl Harbor Naval Base, Hawaii, is the hub of United States naval power in the Pacific Ocean.
0419260|Pearson, Karl (1857-1936), a British geneticist, helped develop the science of statistics.
0419280|Pearson, Lester Bowles (1897-1972), a former baseball and hockey player and university professor, served as prime minister of Canada from 1963 to 1968.
0419300|Peary, Robert Edwin (1856-1920), an American explorer, was one of the greatest Arctic travelers of all time.
0419340|Peasants' War refers to the rebellion of German peasants against their lords in 1524 and 1525.
0419360|Pease, Howard (1894-1974), was an American author of stories for young people.
0419380|Peat is partly decayed plant matter that has collected in swamps and marshes over long periods of time.
0419400|Peat moss is a kind of moss from which peat is formed.
0419420|Peattie, Donald Culross, (1898-1964), an American author and botanist, became well known for his popular books of natural history.
0419460|Pecan, a tree native to North America, is valuable for its fruit, the pecan nut.
0419480|Peccary is a hoofed animal that lives in forests and desert scrublands.
0419500|Peck is a unit of dry measure that is equal to 8 quarts or a quarter of a bushel (0.0088 cubic meter).
0419510|Peckham, Rufus W. (1838-1909), was an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.
0419540|Pecos Bill is a cowboy hero in American folklore and popular tradition.
0419555|Pecos National Historical Park, in north-central New Mexico, contains ruins of the ancient pueblo (village) of Pecos.
0419560|Pecos River is the largest branch of the Rio Grande.
0419580|Pecs, (pop. 177,104), is an industrial center in the coal- and uranium-mining region of southwest Hungary.
0419600|Pectin, or pectinic acid, is a substance found in the cell walls of many fruits and some vegetables.
0419700|Pediatrics is the branch of medicine concerned with the health of children.
0419720|Pedicab is a type of three-wheeled vehicle used as a taxicab.
0419760|Pedigree is a record of the ancestors of an animal or plant.
0419820|Pedometer is a small instrument that measures the distance a person walks.
0419841|Pedro I, (1798-1834), was the first emperor of independent Brazil.
0419842|Pedro II, (1825-1891), was emperor of Brazil from 1831 to 1889.
0419940|Peel, Sir Robert (1788-1850), was a famous British statesman.
0420020|Peerce, Jan (1904-1984), became one of the most successful American opera and concert tenors of his day.
0420080|Pegasus was an immortal winged horse in Greek mythology.
0420130|Pei, I. M. (1917- ), is an American architect noted for his creative urban designs.
0420180|Peirce, Charles Sanders (1839-1914), was an American philosopher.
0420215|Peking fossils are the remains of a type of prehistoric human being who lived between about 600,000 and 250,000 years ago in what is now northern China.
0420240|Pekingese is a small dog with long hair, a broad flat face, and a tail that curls over its back.
0420330|Pele, (1940- ), a Brazilian athlete, won fame as the greatest soccer player of his time and the most recognized athlete in world sports.
0420380|Peleliu is a narrow raised reef island in the Western Pacific.
0420440|Pelican is a large bird that lives near water.
0420460|Pelican flower is a vine of tropical North America and South America.
0420520|Pellagra is a disease caused by a lack of niacin and other B-complex vitamins (see VITAMIN [Vitamin B complex]).
0420560|Pelopidas, ( ? -364 B.C.), was a general and statesman in ancient Thebes.
0420580|Peloponnesian War was fought by the ancient Greek city-states of Athens and Sparta from 431 to 404 B.C.
0420600|Peloponnesus is the ancient name of the southern peninsula of Greece.
0420680|Pelvic inflammatory disease, often referred to as PID, is an infection of the female reproductive system.
0420700|Pelvis is the bony structure that supports the lower abdomen.
0420740|Pembroke Welsh corgi is a breed of dog that originated in the area of Pembroke, Wales, during the early 1100's.
0420760|Pemmican was one of the first forms of concentrated food.
0420780|Pen is an instrument used for writing or drawing with ink.
0420800|Pen name is a name an author uses instead of his or her real name.
0420810|Pena, Federico Fabian, (1947- ), a Democrat, became United States secretary of transportation in 1993 under President Bill Clinton.
0420820|Penal colony is a settlement outside a country where the country sends its prisoners.
0420940|Pencil is the most widely used writing and drawing instrument in the world.
0420980|Penderecki, Krzysztof, (1933- ), is a Polish composer.
0421020|Pendleton, George Hunt (1825-1889), a United States senator, sponsored the Pendleton Act, which created the civil service system in 1883.
0421060|Pendulum. If an object that pivots around a fixed point is pulled aside and let go, gravity makes it swing back and forth at a regular rate.
0421080|Penelope, in Greek mythology, was the wife of Odysseus (Ulysses in Latin), king of Ithaca.
0421130|Penfield, Wilder Graves (1891-1976), was a Canadian neuroscientist and physician who developed a surgical cure for some forms of epilepsy.
0421160|Penguin is an unusual bird that stands upright on very short legs and walks with an amusing, clumsy waddle.
0421180|Penicillin is a powerful drug used to treat infections caused by bacteria.
0421200|Peninsula is an area of land that is nearly surrounded by water.
0421250|Penis is an external male reproductive organ.
0421300|Penn, John (1740-1788), a North Carolina delegate to the Continental Congress from 1775 to 1780, was a signer of the Declaration of Independence.
0421320|Penn, William (1644-1718), was a famous English Quaker who founded Pennsylvania.
0421360|Pennell, Joseph (1857-1926), was an American printmaker.
0421380|Penney, James Cash (1875-1971), an American merchant, established the J. C. Penney Company.
0421400|Pennine Chain is a long line of uplands in northern England.
0421420|Pennsylvania is a leading manufacturing and industrial center of the United States.
0421440|Pennsylvania, University of, in Philadelphia, is one of the oldest institutions of higher learning in the United States.
0421460|Pennsylvania Dutch refers to the people who came to Pennsylvania in the late 1600's and the 1700's from the German Rhineland, and their descendants.
0421560|Pennsylvania State University is a coeducational land-grant institution that has 23 campuses in Pennsylvania.
0421580|Pennsylvania Turnpike is a 470-mile (755-kilometer) toll superhighway.
0421620|Penny is the name of various coins that are used in the United Kingdom, the United States, and other countries.
0421660|Pennyroyal is the name of several herbs of the mint family.
0421700|Pennyweight is a unit of measure in the troy system of weights.
0421740|Penobscot River is the longest waterway in Maine.
0421800|Pensacola (pop. 58,165; met. area pop. 344,406) is Florida's largest deepwater seaport.
0421820|Pensacola Dam is a federal flood-control and electric-power project on the Neosho River near Pensacola, Okla.
0421840|Pensacola Naval Air Station, Fla., is the site of the United States Naval Air Training Command.
0421880|Pension is a form of income that workers or their spouses receive after the workers retire, become disabled, or die.
0421900|Pentagon is a polygon having five sides.
0421920|Pentagon Building is one of the largest office buildings in the world.
0421960|Pentateuch, consists of the first five books of the Bible.
0421990|Pentathlon, Modern, is an athletic competition for men and women that tests skill in horseback riding, fencing, swimming, pistol shooting, and running.
0422020|Pentecost is the feast that marks the end of the 50-day Christian observance of Easter.
0422040|Pentecostal churches are a group of Protestant churches that trace their origins to a religious revival that began in Topeka, Kans., in 1901.
0422220|Penumbra, means partial shadow.
0422260|Peonage is a system of forced labor in which the peon (laborer) is forced to work in payment of a debt.
0422280|Peony is the common name of a group of plants with large, handsome flowers.
0422320|Peoria, (pop. 113,504), is a major industrial center and one of the largest cities in Illinois.
0422340|Pepin the Short, (714?-768), also called Pepin III, was the first king of the Frankish Carolingian dynasty.
0422380|Pepper is a spice that comes from the fruit of several kinds of plants.
0422400|Pepper is a shrubby plant grown for its fruit, which are also called peppers.
0422440|Pepperdine University is a private, coeducational, Christian, liberal arts university in Malibu, Calif.
0422540|Peppermint is a perennial herb of the mint family.
0422560|Peppertree gets its name from the strong-smelling berries that grow on it.
0422580|Pepsin is a digestive enzyme found in the gastric juice of the stomach.
0422620|Pepys, Samuel (1633-1703), was an English writer and government official.
0422720|Percale is a closely woven cloth made from combed cotton yarn.
0422760|Percentage refers to computing by hundredths.
0422780|Perception. The world around us consists of various kinds and levels of physical energy.
0422820|Perch is the name of a family of about 165 species of freshwater fish that live in the Northern Hemisphere.
0422970|Perelman, S. J. (1904-1979), was an American writer known for his humorous satires and parodies on contemporary life.
0422980|Perennial is a plant that lives for more than two years or growing seasons.
0422982|Peres, Shimon, (1923- ), a Labor Party politician, was prime minister of Israel twice.
0422985|Perez de Cuellar, Javier, (1920- ), is a diplomat from Peru who served as secretary-general of the United Nations (UN) from 1982 to 1991.
0423000|Perfume is a substance that gives off a pleasing fragrance.
0423020|Pergamum was a great ancient city in western Asia Minor (now Turkey).
0423040|Pergolesi, Giovanni Battista, (1710-1736), was an Italian composer.
0423140|Pericles, (490?-429 B.C.), was a Greek statesman whose name was given to the greatest period in the history of ancient Athens.
0423180|Peridot is a transparent gem that is almost always some shade of green because of its iron content.
0423220|Perihelion is the position of a planet or comet when it is closest to the sun.
0423390|Periodontitis is a disease of the gums and of the bone that supports the teeth in their sockets.
0423440|Peripatetic philosophy was established by the Greek philosopher Aristotle.
0423480|Periscope is an optical instrument with which a person can observe objects from a distance or when vision would normally be blocked.
0423560|Peritonitis is an inflammation of the peritoneum, the thin membrane that lines the abdominal cavity.
0423600|Periwinkle is the common name for several species of small snails of the seacoast.
0423620|Perjury is a crime in which a person swears or affirms to tell the truth in a court of law or in an administrative or legislative proceeding, and then deliberately tells a lie.
0423660|Perkins, Frances (1880-1965), became the first woman Cabinet member in the United States government.
0423680|Perlman, Itzhak, (1945- ), is a noted Israeli violinist.
0423700|Permafrost is ground that remains frozen for two or more years.
0423720|Permalloy is a nickel-iron alloy that is easy to magnetize.
0423800|Permutations and combinations are names that mathematicians use for certain groups of objects or symbols.
0423830|Peron, Eva Duarte de, (1919-1952), was the second wife of President Juan Peron of Argentina.
0423840|Peron, Juan Domingo, (1895-1974), was president of Argentina from 1946 to 1955, and again in 1973 and 1974.
0423850|Perot, Ross (1930- ), is an American businessman who became an independent candidate for President of the United States in 1992.
0423920|Perpetual motion machine is a hypothetical device that can continuously produce work with no energy input, continuously convert energy completely into work, or continuously produce more energy than it consumes.
0423940|Perrault, Charles (1628-1703), a French writer, is best known for a book of fairy tales he collected, Tales of Mother Goose.
0423982|Perry, Matthew Calbraith (1794-1858), was a famous United States naval officer, best known for opening Japan to Western trade and diplomacy.
0424000|Perry, Oliver Hazard (1785-1819), was a United States naval officer who became noted for his heroism during the War of 1812.
0424010|Perry, William James (1927- ), became United States secretary of defense in 1994, under President Bill Clinton.
0424060|Persephone was a beautiful goddess in Greek and Roman mythology.
0424080|Persepolis was a capital of ancient Persia.
0424100|Perseus, in Greek mythology, was the son of the god Zeus and the mortal Danae.
0424120|Perseus is a constellation of the northern sky.
0424140|Pershing, John Joseph (1860-1948), commanded the American Expeditionary Forces (A.E.F.) in Europe during World War I (1914-1918).
0424165|Persia, Ancient, was a land that included parts of what are now Iran and Afghanistan.
0424180|Persian Gulf is a kidney-shaped body of water in southwestern Asia between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula.
0424190|Persian Gulf War, sometimes called Operation Desert Storm, was fought in early 1991 between Iraq and a coalition of 39 countries organized mainly by the United States and the United Nations (UN).
0424260|Persimmon is the name of more than 200 species of small trees that belong to the ebony family.
0424320|Person, in grammar, is the feature of a language that shows the difference between the speaker, the person spoken to, and a person or thing spoken about.
0424380|Personal property is one of the two classes into which all property may be divided.
0424400|Personality is a term that has many general meanings.
0424430|Personnel management is a field of management that involves using workers' skills effectively and making their jobs rewarding.
0424460|Perspective is a technique used by artists to give a picture the illusion of depth and distance.
0424480|Perspiration, also called sweat, consists of water and certain dissolved substances produced by glands in the skin.
0424500|Perth (pop. 1,143,265) is the capital and business center of the state of Western Australia.
0424560|Peru is the third largest country in South America.
0424580|Peru Current is a cold, broad, shallow current in the Pacific Ocean.
0424600|Perutz, Max Ferdinand (1914- ), a British molecular biologist, shared the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1962 with John C. Kendrew.
0424640|Pescadores, (pop. 100,288), are a group of 63 islands which cover a total area of 49 square miles (127 square kilometers) in the Taiwan Strait between Taiwan and China.
0424660|Peseta is the monetary unit of Spain and the Spanish dependencies, and of Andorra.
0424680|Peso, originally was the name of the old Spanish dollar.
0424740|Pestalozzi, Johann Heinrich (1746-1827), was a Swiss educator who became a pioneer of modern education.
0424750|Pesticide is a chemical used to control or eliminate pests.
0424760|Pet. Animals have been kept as pets by people in all parts of the world for thousands of years.
0424780|Petain, Henri Philippe, (1856-1951), became a national hero of France because of his military leadership in World War I.
0424840|Petate is a mat made of dried palm leaves or grass.
0424860|Peter I (1844-1921), a Serbian king, ruled from 1903 to 1921.
0424880|Peter I, the Great (1672-1725), was one of the most famous rulers in history.
0424900|Peter II (1923-1970) became king of Yugoslavia at the age of 11 when his father, King Alexander, was assassinated.
0424920|Peter, Epistles of, are the 21st and 22nd books of the New Testament.
0424940|Peter, Saint (?-A.D. 64?), was a leading apostle of Jesus Christ.
0424960|Peter Pan is the boy hero in several fantasies written by the Scottish author Sir James Matthew Barrie.
0425000|Peter the Hermit (1050?-1115?) was a monk of Amiens who is famous as a preacher of the First Crusade.
0425100|Petersburg (pop. 38,386), in southeastern Virginia, is one of the most historic cities of the South.
0425150|Peterson, Oscar (1925- ), is one of the great pianists in the history of jazz.
0425160|Peterson, Roger Tory (1908- ), is an American artist, naturalist, and author.
0425180|Petipa, Marius, (1818-1910), was a great French choreographer (creator of dances).
0425190|Petit, Roland (1924- ), is a French dancer and choreographer (creator of dances).
0425195|Petit basset griffon vendeen is a short-legged, rough-coated dog bred to hunt small game, especially hare and rabbit.
0425240|Petit point is a delicate form of embroidery usually sewed on fine mesh canvas.
0425280|Petitgrain oil is an oil made by distilling the leaves and sometimes the twigs of the bitter orange tree.
0425300|Petition is a written request submitted to a court, a public official, or a legislative body.
0425320|Petition of Right was a document written in 1628 by the English Parliament and presented to King Charles I.
0425340|PETN is short for pentaerythritol tetranitrate, an explosive more powerful than TNT.
0425350|Petoskey stone is a rounded, polished fragment of fossilized coral found near Petoskey, Mich.
0425360|Petra was an ancient city south of the Dead Sea in what is now Jordan.
0425380|Petrarch, (1304-1374), was a great Italian lyric poet and scholar.
0425400|Petrel is one of a large group of ocean birds.
0425460|Petrified forest is made up of tree trunks that were buried in mud, sand, or volcanic ash ages ago and have turned to stone.
0425480|Petrified Forest National Park lies in the Painted Desert in northern Arizona.
0425500|Petrillo, James Caesar, (1892-1984), served as president of the American Federation of Musicians from 1940 to 1958.
0425520|Petrochemicals are chemicals made from petroleum or natural gas.
0425580|Petrolatum, also called petroleum jelly, is a colorless to yellow, jellylike substance made from petroleum.
0425600|Petroleum is one of the most valuable natural resources in the world.
0425620|Petroleum coke is a useful product obtained in refining crude oil.
0425680|Petrology is a branch of geology that deals with the origin and composition of rocks.
0425700|Petronius, (?-A.D. 66), wrote the first Roman novel, the Satyricon.
0425740|Petty, Richard (1937- ), became one of the greatest and most popular drivers in American automobile racing history.
0425800|Petunia is any of a group of herbs native chiefly to Argentina and Brazil.
0425810|Pevsner, Antoine, (1886-1962), was a Russian-born painter and sculptor.
0425815|Pew Charitable Trusts donate money to nonprofit organizations that promote the public welfare.
0425820|Pewee is the name of 11 species of small birds that are native to the Western Hemisphere.
0425840|Pewter is an alloy that consists mainly of tin.
0425870|pH is a number used by scientists to indicate the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution.
0425940|Phaethon, in Greek mythology, was the son of the sun god Helios and the sea goddess Clymene.
0426060|Phalarope is a small sandpiperlike bird that breeds in the Northern Hemisphere and winters in the Southern Hemisphere.
0426120|Pharaoh was a title of the later kings of ancient Egypt.
0426130|Pharaoh hound is one of the oldest breeds of dogs.
0426140|Pharisees were members of an ancient Jewish group that became an important political party in Palestine during the reign of Queen Alexandra (76-67 B.C.).
0426180|Pharmacology is the scientific study of the effects chemicals have on living things.
0426190|Pharmacopeia, also spelled pharmacopoeia, is a book containing standards for drugs and drug products.
0426220|Pharmacy is the profession concerned with the preparation, distribution, and use of drugs.
0426280|Pharynx is a cone-shaped tube that connects the nose and mouth with the voice box and esophagus (tube leading to the stomach).
0426320|Pheasant is the name of several species of medium-to-large birds closely related to peacocks and jungle fowls.
0426450|Phenology is the study of when certain biological events that depend on climate take place.
0426460|Phenolphthalein is a chemical compound used as an indicator of alkalinity or acidity, and as a laxative.
0426470|Phenomenology is a philosophy that was developed by the German philosopher Edmund Husserl in the early 1900's.
0426490|Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a hereditary disease that results in mental retardation unless treated during early infancy.
0426495|Pheromone is a chemical substance released by many kinds of animals to communicate with other members of their species.
0426500|Phi Beta Kappa is a college and university honor society that encourages scholarship in the liberal arts and sciences.
0426520|Phidias, (490?-420? B.C.), was the greatest sculptor in ancient Greece.
0426560|Philadelphia is the birthplace of the United States.
0426565|Philadelphia was the name the ancient Greeks gave to several cities.
0426640|Philadelphia Naval Base, Pa., houses major United States naval activities in the Philadelphia area.
0426700|Philanthropy is the promotion of the well-being of human beings by individuals and groups who contribute their services or dedicate their property and money.
0426760|Philemon, Epistle to, is the 18th book of the New Testament.
0426801|Philip II (1165-1223) of France was one of the most important kings of the Capetian dynasty, which ruled France from 987 to 1328.
0426820|Philip II (382-336 B.C.) was a great Macedonian king who became master of Greece.
0426825|Philip II (1527-1598) was a Spanish king who ruled one of the largest empires ever created.
0426830|Philip IV (1268-1314) of France succeeded his father, Philip III, as king in 1285.
0426835|Philip V (1683-1746) became king of Spain in 1700.
0426838|Philip VI (1293-1350) of France became the first of the Valois line of French kings in 1328.
0426840|Philip, King (?-1676), became chief of the Wampanoag Indians in 1662.
0426860|Philip, Prince (1921- ), is the husband of Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
0426880|Philip of Bethsaida, Saint, was one of the 12 apostles of Jesus Christ.
0426900|Philip the Evangelist was an early Christian.
0426940|Philippi was a city in Macedonia.
0426960|Philippians, Epistle to the, is the 11th book of the New Testament.
0427000|Philippines is an island country in the southwest Pacific Ocean.
0427040|Philistines were an ancient people who settled along the coast of Canaan about the same time that the Israelites were entering the land from the east.
0427080|Phillips, Wendell (1811-1884), an orator and reformer, became famous as a supporter of abolition.
0427140|Philodendron is the name of many species and varieties of vinelike house plants grown for their beautiful foliage.
0427190|Philosophes were a group of French philosophers during the Age of Reason, a historical period that extended from the late 1600's to the late 1700's.
0427200|Philosophy is a study that seeks to understand the mysteries of existence and reality.
0427240|Phlebitis is an inflammation of a vein.
0427320|Phlox is the name of a group of garden plants with brilliantly colored blossoms.
0427340|Phnom Penh is the capital of Cambodia.
0427360|Phobia is a persistent, strong fear of a certain object or situation.
0427420|Phoebe is the name of several species of small birds.
0427440|Phoenicia was the name the ancient Greeks gave to the region which is now roughly the coastal areas of Syria, Lebanon, and Israel.
0427480|Phoenix is the capital and largest city of Arizona.
0427490|Phoenix was a fabled bird in Greek mythology.
0427560|Phonetics is the science of speech sounds and the symbols by which they are shown in writing and printing.
0427580|Phonics is the association of letters or combinations of letters with their appropriate speech sounds.
0427620|Phonograph is a device that reproduces sounds that have been recorded on audio records.
0427680|Phosphate is any chemical compound that contains the phosphate group.
0427720|Phosphorescence is the light certain substances give off when they absorb energy.
0427740|Phosphoric acid is the most common acid of phosphorus.
0427780|Phosphorus is a nonmetallic chemical element.
0427800|Phosphorus cycle is the circulation of phosphorus among the rocks, soil, water, and plants and animals of the earth.
0427840|Photius, (A.D. 820?-891?), a noted Byzantine scholar and clergyman, became patriarch of Constantinople (now Istanbul, Turkey) in 858.
0427860|Photochemistry is a branch of chemistry that deals with the chemical reactions that result when the molecules of a substance absorb light.
0427880|Photocomposition, also called phototypesetting, or photoimagesetting, is any of several methods of setting (assembling) type on photographic paper or film.
0427920|Photoengraving and photolithography are processes used to prepare printing plates or cylinders for the three major methods of printing.
0427940|Photogrammetry is the art or science of making surveys or maps with the help of photographs.
0428000|Photography is the process of making pictures by means of the action of light.
0428090|Photomultiplier tube is an extremely sensitive electric eye vacuum tube.
0428100|Photon is the elementary particle that makes up light and all other forms of electromagnetic radiation.
0428120|Photoperiodism is the ability of plants and animals to detect the relative length of daily light and darkness in their environment.
0428180|Photosynthesis is a food-making process that occurs in green plants.
0428240|Phrenology is the practice of analyzing a person's character by examining the shape of the skull.
0428280|Phrygia was an ancient country between the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea, in what is now central Turkey.
0428320|Phyfe, Duncan (1768-1854), a well-known American cabinetmaker and furniture designer, popularized the Federal style of American furniture.
0428340|Phylloxera is any one of a group of small insects that resemble aphids (plant lice).
0428380|Physical change is a change of matter from one form to another without the production of any new substances.
0428400|Physical chemistry is the study of the general rules and principles that govern the chemical properties of matter.
0428460|Physical education is a part of the total school instructional program that deals with sports and other physical activity.
0428480|Physical fitness is the ability to meet the physical demands of daily life and to resist diseases associated with inactivity.
0428540|Physical therapy is the use of physical means, such as light, heat, cold, and exercise, to treat disease or injury.
0428580|Physics is the science devoted to the study of matter and energy.
0428590|Physiocrats were a group of French economists who lived during the mid-1700's.
0428660|Physiology is the study of how living things function.
0428700|Pi is the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter.
0428730|Piaget, Jean, (1896-1980), a Swiss psychologist, won fame for his studies of the thought processes of children.
0428780|Piano is a keyboard musical instrument in which sounds are made by strings struck by small padded hammers.
0428820|Piatigorsky, Gregor, (1903-1976), was a famous Russian-born cellist.
0428920|Picasso, Pablo (1881-1973), was the dominant figure in the art of the 1900's.
0428960|Piccalilli is a popular relish made from chopped and pickled cucumbers, other vegetables, and spices.
0428980|Piccard is the name of a Swiss family of scientists who won fame in aeronautics and oceanography.
0429000|Piccolo is the smallest of the woodwind instruments and the highest in pitch.
0429020|Pichincha, a twin-cratered volcano, rises 15,696 feet (4,784 meters) in the Andes Mountains in north-central Ecuador.
0429060|Pickerel is the name given to three small members of the pike family.
0429110|Pickering, Timothy (1745-1829), was a leading American statesman.
0429130|Pickett, Bill was a famous African American cowboy.
0429140|Pickett, George Edward (1825-1875), was a Confederate general during the Civil War (1861-1865).
0429160|Pickett, Joseph (1848-1918), was an American folk artist.
0429180|Pickford, Mary (1893-1979), was a star of silent motion pictures.
0429200|Pickle is a vegetable or fruit preserved in vinegar or some other food acid.
0429250|Picotte, Susan La Flesche (1865-1915), was the first American Indian woman to become a physician.
0429260|Picric acid is an industrial chemical.
0429300|Pictograph is picture writing.
0429320|Pictou, (pop. 4,134), is a port town in Nova Scotia.
0429330|Picts were an ancient people of northern Scotland.
0429400|Pidgin English is one of several bridge or minimum dialects, based on English, used in Asia and the South Seas between Westerners and Asians, and among peoples who have no common tongue.
0429420|Piece of eight was a name for the Spanish peso, which corresponded to the American dollar (see PESO ).
0429440|Piecework is a form of wage payment in which employees are paid a specified amount for each unit of satisfactory production.
0429460|Pied Piper of Hamelin is a mythical character who was made famous by Robert Browning in a poem based on a legend.
0429480|Piedmont is a territorial region in northwestern Italy.
0429500|Piedmont Region is an area of gently rolling to hilly land lying between the Appalachian Mountains and the Atlantic Coastal Plain of the United States.
0429560|Pier has several meanings.
0429580|Pierce, Franklin (1804-1869), served as President during a period of increasing bitterness between North and South that later led to the Civil War.
0429590|Pierce, Samuel Riley, Jr. (1922- ), served as secretary of the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) from 1981 to 1989.
0429600|Piero della Francesca, (1420?-1492), was an Italian Renaissance painter.
0429620|Pierpont, Francis Harrison (1814-1899), was governor of the "Restored Government of Virginia" during the American Civil War.
0429640|Pierre, (pop. 12,906), is the capital of South Dakota.
0429680|Pietermaritzburg, (pop. 156,473; met. area pop. 211,473), is the capital and a major trading center of the province of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa.
0429700|Piezoelectricity is an electric phenomenon that occurs in certain nonmetallic minerals, such as quartz, Rochelle salt, and tourmaline.
0429780|Pigeon is any of the larger members of the pigeon and dove family.
0429900|Pigment is a finely powdered, highly colored substance used to give color to another material.
0429960|Pigweed is the name of several species of weeds found in many regions worldwide.
0429980|Pika is a small, furry animal that lives in Asia, Europe, and western North America.
0430000|Pike is the common name of a family of freshwater fish noted for their greedy appetite and fighting quality.
0430030|Pike, James Albert (1913-1969), was a controversial American clergyman.
0430040|Pike, Zebulon Montgomery, (1779-1813), an American general and explorer, won fame for his discovery of Pikes Peak, a mountain in the Colorado Rockies, in 1806.
0430080|Pikes Peak is probably the best known of the Rocky Mountain peaks in Colorado.
0430160|Pilate, Pontius, was a Roman governor of Judea from A.D. 26 to 36, at the time of the Crucifixion of Jesus Christ.
0430220|Pile is a column used to support buildings, bridges, and other structures.
0430295|Pilgrims were the early English settlers of New England.
0430340|Pillory was an instrument once used to punish people for minor offenses.
0430500|Pilot International is a service organization of business and professional leaders.
0430520|Pilot whale is one of the largest members of the dolphin family.
0430530|Pilotfish is a kind of fish found near the surface in most tropical seas and the warmer temperate seas.
0430600|Pilsudski, Jozef, (1867-1935), a Polish patriot, led a movement to liberate Poland from Russia and helped unite his country.
0430615|Piltdown hoax was a great deception in the study of prehistoric people.
0430680|Pima Indians are an agricultural people who live along the Gila and Salt rivers in southern Arizona.
0430700|Pimento is the popular name of a small evergreen tree of the myrtle family.
0430720|Pimpernel is a small annual plant that grows wild in Europe and Asia.
0430740|Pimple is a red, raised skin blemish that usually contains pus.
0430760|Pin is a short, pointed piece of metal.
0430830|Pinchback, P. B. S. (1837-1921), was an American politician.
0430860|Pinchot, Gifford (1865-1946), an American conservationist and politician, was one of the first government leaders to promote the scientific management of forests in the United States.
0430880|Pinckney, Charles (1757-1824), was a South Carolina signer of the Constitution of the United States.
0430885|Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth (1746-1825), a planter, politician, and diplomat, was a South Carolina signer of the Constitution of the United States.
0430890|Pinckney, Elizabeth Lucas (1722-1793), a colonial planter of South Carolina, did much to promote the economic growth of South Carolina in the 1700's.
0430895|Pinckney, Thomas (1750-1828), was an American soldier, statesman, and diplomat.
0430920|Pinckney Treaty was an agreement ending disputes between the United States and Spain over possession of the Florida area and the mouth of the Mississippi River.
0430940|Pindar, (522?-443 B.C.), was the greatest lyric poet of ancient Greece.
0430980|Pine is any of a large group of evergreen trees that have needlelike leaves and bear cones.
0431040|Pine siskin is a small finch that lives in North America.
0431080|Pine-tree shilling was a silver coin minted by colonists in Boston, in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, from 1667 to 1682.
0431120|Pineal gland, also called pineal body, is a tiny organ in the brain of human beings and most other vertebrates (animals with a backbone).
0431140|Pineapple is a tropical plant known for its juicy, fragrant fruit.
0431180|Pinero, Sir Arthur Wing (1855-1934), was a skillful and highly productive English playwright.
0431260|Pink is a group of about 300 species of flowering plants that botanists have named Dianthus, the Greek word for Jove's flower.
0431280|Pink bollworm is an insect that attacks cotton plants in many parts of the world.
0431300|Pinkerton, Allan (1819-1884), an American detective, in 1850 established one of the first detective agencies in the United States.
0431420|Pinochle is a card game played with a special deck consisting of 48 cards.
0431440|Pinon, also spelled pinyon, is the name of several species of small pines native to the Southwestern United States and Mexico.
0431480|Pint is a unit of capacity in the inch-pound system of measurement customarily used in the United States.
0431540|Pintail is a freshwater duck with a long tail.
0431550|Pinter, Harold (1930- ), is an English playwright.
0431580|Pinworm, also called threadworm, is a small roundworm.
0431650|Pioneer Clubs is an organization for girls and boys from preschool age to 17 years old.
0431660|Pioneer life in America. The story of the pioneers tells of the lives of thousands of ordinary people who pushed the frontier of the United States westward from the Appalachian Mountains to the Pacific Ocean.
0431700|Pipe is probably the oldest of musical instruments.
0431720|Pipe is a tube used to transport liquids and gases from one place to another.
0431740|Pipe is a device used for smoking tobacco.
0431820|Pipe Spring National Monument is in northwestern Arizona on the Kaibab Indian reservation.
0431840|Pipefish gets its name from its long, slim body, which looks like a tube or pipe.
0431860|Pipeline is a system of pipes that transports certain substances over long distances.
0431920|Pipit is the name of about 35 species of songbirds found in most parts of the world.
0431980|Piraeus, (pop. 179,967), is the third largest city in Greece.
0432000|Pirandello, Luigi, (1867-1936), an Italian author, won the 1934 Nobel Prize for literature.
0432020|Piranesi, Giovanni Battista, (1720-1778), was an Italian printmaker known for his etchings of ancient Roman architecture.
0432040|Piranha is a sharp-toothed fish that lives in lakes and rivers throughout most of South America.
0432060|Pirate is a person who attacks and robs ships.
0432140|Pisa, (pop. 98,928), is an old city of Italy famed for its marble bell tower (see LEANING TOWER OF PISA ).
0432200|Pisano, Giovanni, (1248?-1314?), was an Italian sculptor and architect.
0432210|Pisano, Nicola, (1210?-1278?), was an Italian sculptor, as was his son, Giovanni.
0432260|Pisces is the 12th sign of the zodiac.
0432310|Pisistratus, (?-527 B.C.), was a popular ruler of ancient Athens.
0432320|Pissarro, Camille, (1830-1903), was a French impressionist painter.
0432360|Pistachio nut, sometimes called a green almond, is the small seed of the pistachio tree.
0432440|Piston, Walter (1894-1976), was a leading American composer.
0432450|Pit bull is a name commonly applied to any of several breeds or crossbreeds usually having some mixture of bulldog and terrier.
0432480|Pitcairn Island is a small, isolated island in the South Pacific Ocean.
0432520|Pitch is a black, gluelike substance that is obtained by distilling coal tar.
0432540|Pitch is the characteristic of a sound determined by the frequency of vibration of the sound waves.
0432580|Pitchblende is a variety of uraninite, a mineral that consists chiefly of uranium and oxygen.
0432600|Pitcher, Molly (1754?-1832), was the fictitious name given to a woman who fought in the Battle of Monmouth in the Revolutionary War in America.
0432620|Pitcher plant is the name of a family of green plants with pitcher-shaped leaves that form traps for insects.
0432630|Pitohui is the name of six species of songbirds found only in the forests of New Guinea.
0432701|Pitt, William (1708-1778), the first Earl of Chatham, was a British statesman.
0432702|Pitt, William, the Younger (1759-1806), was a British statesman.
0432820|Pittsburgh, Pa., is one of the great steelmaking centers of the world.
0432840|Pittsburgh, University of, is a privately controlled, state-supported school in Pittsburgh.
0432900|Pituitary gland is one of the body's most important glands.
0432920|Pius IV (1499-1565) was elected pope in 1559.
0432941|Pius V, Saint (1504-1572), was elected pope in 1566.
0432942|Pius VII (1742-1823) was elected pope of the Roman Catholic Church in 1800.
0432943|Pius IX (1792-1878) was elected pope of the Roman Catholic Church in 1846.
0432944|Pius X, Saint (1835-1914), was elected pope of the Roman Catholic Church in 1903.
0432945|Pius XI (1857-1939) was elected pope of the Roman Catholic Church in 1922.
0432946|Pius XII (1876-1958) was elected pope of the Roman Catholic Church in 1939.
0432980|Pizarro, Francisco (1478?-1541), was a Spanish conqueror.
0433020|Placebo is a substance that doctors sometimes use as a medicine, even though it contains no active ingredient.
0433040|Placenta is a disk-shaped organ that develops in pregnant women.
0433060|Placentia, Newfoundland (pop. 1,954), is the site of an early French settlement in North America.
0433110|Plagiarism is the act of presenting another person's literary, artistic, or musical work as one's own.
0433120|Plague is one of the most feared epidemic diseases.
0433180|Plain is a broad, nearly level stretch of land with no abrupt changes in elevation.
0433320|Planarian is a type of flatworm.
0433340|Planck, Max Karl Ernst Ludwig (1858-1947), was a German theoretical physicist who concentrated on the study of thermodynamics.
0433460|Planet is any of nine large objects that orbit the sun.
0433480|Planetarium is a device that shows the changing positions of the sun, moon, stars, and planets by projecting lights on the inside of a dome.
0433560|Plankton is the mass of tiny organisms that drifts at or near the surface of oceans, lakes, and other bodies of water.
0433570|Planned Parenthood Federation of America is an organization concerned mainly with voluntary family planning and reproductive health care.
0433620|Plant. Plants grow in almost every part of the world.
0433720|Plant quarantine laws regulate the movement both of plants and of other materials that may carry a plant disease or insect pest.
0433740|Plantagenet was the family name of a line of kings that ruled England from 1154 to 1399.
0433760|Plantain is the common name of a group of low-growing herbs, several of which are common weeds.
0433800|Plantation is a large land area where workers usually grow a single crop.
0433880|Plasma is the liquid portion of blood.
0433900|Plasma, in physics, is a form of matter composed of electrically charged atomic particles.
0433950|Plaster is a mortar coating that is applied to wall surfaces and ceilings of buildings to make them more airtight and to provide a finished surface.
0433960|Plaster of Paris is a white powder that, when mixed with water to form a paste, will turn hard in a few minutes.
0434000|Plastic explosive is a puttylike explosive that can be molded into any shape.
0434040|Plastic surgery is a field of medicine that specializes in the repair or reshaping of defects of the body.
0434080|Plastics are man-made materials that can be shaped into almost any form.
0434175|Plate tectonics is a theory that explains the origin of most of the major features of the earth's surface.
0434180|Plateau is a raised area of relatively flat land.
0434245|Platform tennis is a game in which the players--usually two on each side--use paddles to hit a ball back and forth over a net.
0434250|Plath, Sylvia (1932-1963), was an American poet and fiction writer.
0434280|Platinum, (chemical symbol, Pt), is a precious, silver-white metal that is even more valuable than gold.
0434320|Plato, (427?-347? B.C.), was a philosopher and educator of ancient Greece.
0434460|Platte River is the most important river in Nebraska and one of the largest branches of the Missouri River.
0434520|Platypus is one of only two mammals that reproduce by laying eggs.
0434540|Plautus, (254?-184 B.C.), was an important Roman writer of comedy.
0434580|Play, in recreation, is any activity performed for amusement.
0434600|Playground is an outdoor area set aside for play.
0434655|Plea bargaining is a practice in which the defendant in a criminal case agrees to plead guilty instead of going to trial.
0434660|Plebeians were commoners in the early Roman Republic.
0434680|Plebiscite is a vote of the people on any question.
0434700|Plecoptera is an order of insects that lay their eggs in water.
0434760|Pledge of Allegiance is a solemn promise of loyalty to the United States.
0434820|Pleistocene Epoch was a geologic time period in the earth's history.
0434840|Plekhanov, Georgi Valentinovich, (1856-1918), was a leading advocate and interpreter of Marxist ideas in Russia during the late 1800's and early 1900's.
0434900|Plessy v. Ferguson was a landmark decision of the Supreme Court of the United States concerning racial segregation.
0434920|Pleura is a thin membrane that lines the thoracic cavity (chest cavity) and covers the lungs.
0434940|Pleurisy is a general term for inflammation of the pleura, a membrane that lines the inside of the chest and covers the lungs (see PLEURA ).
0434980|Plexus, in anatomy, is a network of interwoven parts.
0435000|Plimsoll mark is a load-line marking on the side of a ship's hull.
0435021|Pliny the Elder, (A.D. 23 or 24-79), was a Roman writer.
0435022|Pliny the Younger, (A.D. 61 or 62-113?), was a Roman writer.
0435120|Plotinus, (205?-270?), was the founder of a school of Greek philosophy known as Neoplatonism.
0435160|Plovdiv, (pop. 353,298), is Bulgaria's second largest city.
0435180|Plover is the name of a group of shore birds found throughout the world.
0435200|Plow is a tool that is used to prepare soil for planting.
0435220|Plum is a popular fruit that is eaten fresh or used to make jams, jellies, and preserves.
0435300|Plumbago, also called leadwort, is the name of several garden plants and shrubs grown for their clusters of blue, white, or reddish-purple flowers.
0435320|Plumbing is a system of pipes that carries water into and out of a house or other building.
0435480|Plutarch, (A.D. 46?-A.D. 120?), a Greek biographer and essayist, became famous for his work, Parallel Lives of Illustrious Greeks and Romans.
0435500|Pluto is usually the most distant planet from the sun.
0435520|Pluto was the god of the dead in Roman mythology.
0435540|Plutonium is a radioactive metallic element.
0435580|Plymouth is a historic seaport on the southwest coast of England.
0435600|Plymouth, Mass. (pop. 45,608), is often called America's Hometown.
0435620|Plymouth Colony was the second permanent English settlement in America.
0435640|Plymouth Company was one of two associations chartered in 1606 by King James I for English merchants and other interested people who wanted to set up trading colonies in America.
0435660|Plymouth Rock, a granite boulder with the date 1620 carved on it, lies near the sea at Plymouth, Mass.
0435700|Plywood is a building material usually made of an odd number of thin layers of wood glued together.
0435780|Pneumatic tool is a power implement operated by compressed air.
0435860|Pneumonia is a general term for lung diseases involving inflammation.
0435880|Pneumothorax is air or gas in the space between the lungs and the chest wall.
0435920|Po River is the largest waterway in Italy.
0435930|Poaching is the illegal hunting of wild animals.
0435960|Pocahontas, (1595?-1617), was the daughter of the American Indian chief, Powhatan.
0436000|Pocatello, Idaho (pop. 46,080), is an air, highway, and rail gateway to the Pacific Northwest.
0436070|Podgorica, (pop. 117,875), is the capital and largest city of Montenegro, one of the two republics of Yugoslavia.
0436100|Podiatry is the branch of medicine concerned with the examination, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases and conditions affecting the human foot, ankle, and related structures.
0436120|Poe, Edgar Allan (1809-1849), was an American poet, short-story writer, and literary critic.
0436140|Poet laureate is the official poet of a state or nation.
0436150|Poetry is a type of literature in which the sound and meaning of language are combined to create ideas and feelings.
0436300|Poincare, Raymond, (1860-1934), served four times as premier of France, and was president of France from 1913 to 1920.
0436320|Poinciana is the name of several species of tropical flowering trees.
0436340|Poinsettia is a plant that has tiny flowers surrounded by large, colored bracts (special leaves).
0436400|Point Four Program was a foreign aid program of President Harry S. Truman.
0436480|Pointer is a dog used to hunt quail and other game birds.
0436520|Poison is a substance that causes injury or illness when introduced into the body.
0436530|Poison control center provides advice over the telephone for treating emergencies that involve poisoning.
0436560|Poison ivy is a kind of harmful vine or shrub in the cashew family.
0436580|Poison oak is a type of plant related to poison ivy and sumac.
0436620|Poisonous plant is any plant that is injurious to human beings or to animals.
0436630|Poitier, Sidney (1927- ), is an American motion-picture actor.
0436640|Poitiers, Battle of, was fought in 1356, near the present French town of Poitiers.
0436660|Poker is a card game in which players make bets on the cards they hold or hope to hold.
0436680|Pokeweed is a tall, branching perennial herb with greenish-white flowers and a red stem.
0436700|Poland is a large central European nation that borders on the Baltic Sea.
0436720|Polar bear is a large, white bear of the North.
0436860|Polarized light consists of light waves that have a simple, orderly arrangement.
0436940|Pole. The earth is constantly rotating (spinning) on an imaginary line called an axis.
0436960|Pole vault is a an event in track and field competition in which athletes use a pole to propel their body over a crossbar set at a certain height.
0436980|Polecat is a small mammal that belongs to the weasel family.
0437020|Police are government officers who enforce the law and maintain order.
0437040|Police dog is the common but incorrect name for the German shepherd dog.
0437060|Police state is any nation or other political unit in which the government allows its law enforcement agencies to maintain order through terror.
0437100|Poliomyelitis, also called polio, is a serious infection caused by a virus.
0437140|Polish Corridor was a narrow strip of territory taken from Germany and granted to Poland after Germany's defeat in World War I (1914-1918).
0437240|Politburo was the political bureau of the Central Committee that controlled the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1919 to 1991.
0437290|Political action committee is a group set up by a labor union, corporation, or other organization to contribute money to candidates for federal and state offices in the United States.
0437300|Political convention is a gathering at which major political parties in the United States formally nominate their candidates for President and Vice President.
0437340|Political party is an organized group of people who control or seek to control a government.
0437350|Political prisoner is a person who is imprisoned, detained, or in certain other ways deprived of liberty because he or she opposes the government.
0437380|Political science is the systematic study of political life.
0437440|Polk, James Knox (1795-1849), was President when the United States achieved its greatest territorial growth.
0437460|Polk, Leonidas, (1806-1864), an Episcopal bishop, was a Confederate general in the Civil War.
0437540|Poll tax is a tax levied equally on all the citizens of a community.
0437580|Pollaiuolo, Antonio del (about 1432-1498), was an Italian sculptor and painter.
0437620|Pollen consists of tiny grains that are produced in the male organs of flowering and cone-bearing plants.
0437670|Pollock is an important food fish that belongs to the family of fish called codfish (see COD ).
0437680|Pollock, Jackson (1912-1956), was an American artist who had an important influence on modern painting as an important figure in the abstract expressionist movement.
0437740|Polo is a ball game played on horseback on an outdoor or indoor field.
0437760|Polo, Marco (1254-1324?), an Italian trader and traveler, became famous for his travels in central Asia and China.
0437800|Polonium is a rare, radioactive metallic element.
0437930|Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) is any of a group of synthetic compounds formed by substituting atoms of chlorine for atoms of hydrogen in a compound called biphenyl.
0438030|Polyester is any of a certain group of widely used plastics materials.
0438040|Polyethylene is a major synthetic polymer, an essential ingredient of plastics.
0438060|Polygamy can refer either to a system in which a man is married to more than one woman at the same time, or, less commonly, in which a woman is married to more than one man at the same time.
0438100|Polygon is a plane figure bounded by line segments, called sides.
0438150|Polyhedron is a solid figure bounded by four or more flat surfaces called faces.
0438180|Polymer is a large molecule formed by the chemical linking of many smaller molecules into a long chain.
0438200|Polymerization is a chemical process important in the production of plastics, artificial fibers, synthetic rubber, and paints.
0438220|Polymorphism is the occurrence of three or more distinct types of adults in a species.
0438380|Polystyrene is a glasslike, lightweight plastics material used in a variety of goods.
0438420|Polytheism is the idea that the sacred appears in many gods rather than in one God.
0438430|Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a strong, durable plastics material.
0438500|Pomegranate is the fruit of a plant raised in warm climates.
0438560|Pomeranian is the name of a breed of small dog.
0438580|Pomo Indians were a group of tribes in northern California.
0438720|Pompadour, Marquise de, (1721-1764), was a mistress of King Louis XV of France who played an important part in the politics of Louis's reign.
0438740|Pompano is the name of a group of valuable food fishes.
0438760|Pompeii was an ancient city in Italy that disappeared after the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in A.D. 79.
0438780|Pompey the Great, (106-48 B.C.), was an outstanding Roman general and statesman.
0438840|Ponce de Leon, Juan, (1474-1521), was a Spanish explorer.
0438880|Pond is a small, quiet body of water that is usually shallow enough for sunlight to reach the bottom.
0439060|Pontiac, (1720?-1769), a chief of the Ottawa tribe, was an important American Indian leader during the 1760's.
0439180|Pontoon bridge is a bridge supported by pontoons (flat-bottomed boats), metal cylinders, or other portable floats.
0439280|Pony express was a mail delivery service that operated between St. Joseph, Mo., and Sacramento, Calif., in 1860 and 1861.
0439300|Poodle is the name of a breed of smart, friendly dogs.
0439440|Poor Richard's Almanac was an almanac written and published by Benjamin Franklin.
0439470|Pop art is an art movement that originated in England in the 1950's but became best known in the United States during the 1960's.
0439480|Popcorn is a type of corn that is a popular snack food in the United States.
0439500|Pope, (?-1688?), was a Pueblo Indian leader.
0439520|Pope is the head of the Roman Catholic Church.
0439540|Pope, Alexander (1688-1744), was the greatest English poet of the early 1700's.
0439580|Poplar is any one of a group of fast-growing trees that are found throughout the Northern Hemisphere.
0439620|Popocatepetl is a volcanic mountain that lies about 45 miles (72 kilometers) southeast of Mexico City.
0439680|Poppy is the common name for several related groups of flowers.
0439720|Popular music is music created as a commercial product.
0439740|Popular sovereignty, also called squatter sovereignty, was the doctrine that the people of a territory, rather than the United States Congress, should decide whether to permit slavery in the territory before it became a state.
0439760|Population of a country or other area is the total number of people who live in it.
0439780|Populism was an American political movement that attained its greatest strength during the 1890's.
0439820|Porcelain is a type of ceramics highly valued for its beauty and strength.
0439880|Porcupine is an animal that has long, soft hairs and strong, stiff quills on its back, sides, and tail.
0439900|Porcupinefish, also called spiny puffer, is a kind of fish that has sharp, protective spines covering its body.
0439940|Pore is the tiny opening of a skin gland.
0439960|Porgy is a fish that lives in shallow areas of warm seas.
0440020|Pork is the meat from hogs.
0440040|Pork barrel is an American slang expression for a government treasury.
0440080|Porosity is the existence of many small holes or spaces in a material.
0440090|Porphyry, (A.D. 232 to 233-305?), was one of the leaders in the Neoplatonic school of philosophy.
0440140|Porpoise is the name of several sea mammals closely related to dolphins.
0440180|Port is a place where ships and boats load and unload passengers and cargoes.
0440260|Port-au-Prince, (pop. 738,342), is the capital and largest city of Haiti.
0440270|Port Authority of New York and New Jersey is a self-supporting corporate agency of the states of New York and New Jersey.
0440300|Port Elizabeth (pop. 303,353; met. area 825,799) is a leading seaport and industrial city in South Africa.
0440320|Port Louis, (pop. 138,482), is the capital, largest city, and leading port of Mauritius, an island country in the Indian Ocean.
0440340|Port Moresby, (pop. 152,100), is the capital and largest city of Papua New Guinea, a country in the South Pacific Ocean.
0440360|Port of entry is any place established by a government to receive aliens, imports, and customs duties.
0440400|Port-of-Spain (pop. 59,649) is the capital and trade center of Trinidad and Tobago, an island country that lies off the northeast coast of Venezuela.
0440440|Port Said, (pop. 460,000), is an Egyptian city that lies at the junction of the Suez Canal and the Mediterranean Sea.
0440460|Port Sudan, (pop. 206,727), is the main port of Sudan.
0440480|Portage is the carrying of goods or boats overland between two bodies of water, or around some obstacle such as a waterfall or river rapids.
0440500|Portage la Prairie, Manitoba (pop. 13,186), serves as the market city for the surrounding Portage Plains farming region.
0440620|Porter, Cole (1891-1964), was an American songwriter famous for his witty lyrics and for imaginative melodies.
0440624|Porter, David (1780-1843), was a United States naval officer who fought in the War of 1812.
0440626|Porter, David Dixon (1813-1891), was a United States naval officer who became noted for his service during the American Civil War (1861-1865).
0440640|Porter, Fitz-John (1822-1901), an American soldier, became the central figure in a celebrated military inquiry during the Civil War.
0440680|Porter, Katherine Anne (1890-1980), was an American writer noted mainly for her short stories.
0440780|Portland, Me. (pop. 64,143; met. area pop. 221,095), has one of the finest harbors on the Atlantic Coast and is closer to Europe than any other transatlantic port in the United States.
0440800|Portland, Ore. (pop. 437,319; met. area pop. 1,515,452), is the state's largest city and its major center of industry and trade.
0440900|Porto, (pop. 330,199; met. area pop. 1,550,800), is Portugal's second largest city.
0440920|Porto Alegre, (pop. 1,386,828; met. area pop. 2,906,472), is the capital of the state of Rio Grande do Sul in southern Brazil.
0440940|Porto-Novo, (pop. 144,000), is the official capital of Benin.
0441000|Portobelo, (pop. 2,774), a village on the Caribbean Coast of Panama, was often attacked by English pirates of the 1600's and 1700's.
0441080|Portsmouth, a city on the southern coast of England, is the United Kingdom's chief naval center.
0441100|Portsmouth, (pop. 25,925), is the chief seaport on the coast of New Hampshire.
0441180|Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, New Hampshire, occupies over 200 acres (81 hectares) on a group of connected islands in the Piscataqua River.
0441200|Portugal is the westernmost country of continental Europe.
0441280|Portuguese language is the official language of Portugal, Brazil, Mozambique, and Angola.
0441320|Portuguese man-of-war is a floating creature found in warm oceans throughout the world.
0441330|Portuguese water dog is a breed of dog noted for its exceptional swimming ability.
0441360|Portulaca is the name of a group of herbs with dainty red, yellow, pink, white, or purple flowers.
0441400|Poseidon was the Greek god of the sea, earthquakes, and horses.
0441480|Positivism is a variation of the philosophical theory called empiricism.
0441505|Positron emission tomography (PET) is a technique used to produce images of the chemical activity of the brain and other body tissues.
0441540|Possum is a type of furry mammal that lives in the trees of Australia, New Guinea, and nearby islands.
0441560|Post, Emily Price (1873?-1960), made a career out of good manners.
0441580|Post, Wiley (1899-1935), a pioneer American aviator, was the first person to make a solo flight around the world.
0441600|Post exchange is a store or shop that the United States Department of Defense operates for active-duty and retired military personnel, and their families.
0441660|Post office is a place where mail is handled and where postage stamps, other postal materials, and postal services are sold.
0441740|Postal Service, United States, is an independent agency and government corporation within the executive branch of the United States government.
0441760|Postal Union, Universal (UPU) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that sets rules for the free flow of mail between countries.
0441800|Poster is a printed sheet of paper or cardboard displayed in public.
0441805|Postimpressionism is the name applied to several styles of painting that arose in Western Europe, especially France, in the 1880's and 1890's.
0441820|Post-modernism is a term often applied to artistic styles that emerged in the mid-1900's.
0441860|Posture is the position of a person's body while standing or sitting.
0441880|Potash is the commercial name for a group of salts containing the element potassium.
0441900|Potassium is a silvery metallic element.
0442040|Potato is the world's most widely grown vegetable and one of the most important foods.
0442050|Potato beetle is the name of a group of beetles that attack potato plants.
0442080|Potawatomi Indians, belonged to the Algonquian language group of eastern forest tribes.
0442140|Potentiometer is a device that measures electric current, voltage, and resistance with high precision.
0442220|Potomac River is a beautiful and historic stream that forms the boundary between Maryland, West Virginia, and Virginia.
0442260|Potsdam (pop. 138,737) is a German city that stands on the Havel River, about 15 miles (24 kilometers) southwest of Berlin.
0442280|Potsdam Conference was the last meeting among the leaders of Great Britain, the Soviet Union, and the United States during World War II (1939-1945).
0442320|Potter, Beatrix (1866-1943), was an English author and illustrator known for her charming children's stories about small animals.
0442360|Potter's field is a free burial ground for strangers, criminals, and people too poor to pay funeral expenses.
0442380|Pottery is a type of decorative or useful ware made of baked clay.
0442400|Potto is a small animal that lives in western Africa.
0442460|Poulenc, Francis, (1899-1963), was a French composer and pianist.
0442480|Poultry are birds that are raised to provide meat and eggs for human food.
0442490|Pound, also called pound sterling, is the monetary unit of the United Kingdom and some other countries.
0442500|Pound is a unit customarily used in the United States to weigh objects.
0442540|Pound, Ezra Loomis (1885-1972), was an American poet and essayist.
0442560|Pound, Roscoe (1870-1964), was an American educator and authority on law.
0442630|Poundmaker (1826-1886), a Cree Indian chief, led a band of warriors against the Canadian government during the North West Rebellion in 1885 (see NORTH WEST REBELLION ).
0442640|Poussin, Nicolas, (1594-1665), was the most highly respected French painter of his age.
0442660|Poutrincourt, Jean de Biencourt de (1557-1615), Baron de St. Just, a French colonizer, helped found Acadia, a region in eastern Canada and northern Maine (see ACADIA ).
0442680|Poverty is the lack of enough income and resources to live adequately by community standards.
0442720|Powder horn was a container for carrying the gunpowder used in muzzleloading firearms.
0442760|Powder metallurgy is a process that reduces metals to powdered form and presses the powder into certain somewhat restricted shapes.
0442780|Powder River rises in the southern foothills of the Bighorn Mountains in central Wyoming.
0442810|Powell, Adam Clayton, Jr. (1908-1972), became a political and religious leader of New York City's Harlem area.
0442815|Powell, Anthony (1905- ), an English writer, is best known for his 12-volume series of novels called A Dance to the Music of Time.
0442830|Powell, Colin Luther (1937- ), served as chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the highest United States military advisory group, from 1989 to 1993.
0442850|Powell, Lewis Franklin, Jr. (1907- ), was an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1972 to 1987.
0442860|Power, in physics, is the rate of doing work.
0442870|Power, in the social sciences, is the ability of persons or groups to impose their will on others.
0442880|Power, in arithmetic, is the product of a number multiplied by itself a specified number of times.
0442900|Power of attorney is a legal, written document.
0442920|Power plant is any system that generates power.
0442980|Powers, Hiram (1805-1873), was one of the best-known American sculptors of the mid-1800's.
0443000|Powhatan, (?-1618), was the Indian chief in the romantic story about John Smith and Pocahontas.
0443020|Powhatan Indians, formed a small but powerful tribe of eastern North America.
0443040|Poznan, (pop. 589,700), is a city that lies on the Warta River in west-central Poland.
0443140|Praetor was the chief legal officer of ancient Rome.
0443160|Praetorian Guard was the personal guard of the Roman emperors.
0443200|Pragmatic sanction was a type of decree concerning church or state matters issued by European rulers.
0443220|Pragmatism is a philosophy that attempts to apply the methods of science to philosophy.
0443240|Prague, (pop. 1,215,656), is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic and an important center of culture and learning.
0443300|Prairie is a region of flat or hilly land covered chiefly by tall grasses.
0443320|Prairie chicken is the name of two species of North American grouse.
0443340|Prairie dog is a burrowing rodent that lives in grassy regions of western North America.
0443380|Prairie Provinces are the three Canadian provinces of Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba.
0443500|Praseodymium, (chemical symbol, Pr), is one of the rare-earth elements.
0443560|Pratt, E. J. (1882-1964), was a Canadian poet known for his epics of Canadian history and his narrative poems.
0443660|Praxiteles was one of the greatest Greek sculptors of the 300's B.C.
0443680|Prayer refers to reverent words and thoughts directed toward God, gods, goddesses, or other objects of worship.
0443700|Prayer book is a collection of prayers in printed form for use in private devotions or public services.
0443880|Preble, Edward (1761-1807), an American naval officer, bombarded Tripoli (now in Libya) in 1804.
0444100|Predestination is the belief that God foresees and wills from all eternity that some individuals will be saved.
0444130|Pre-emption is the act of buying something ahead of other persons, or the right to do so.
0444260|Pregnancy, also called gestation, is the period during which a female carries a developing baby within her body.
0444280|Prehistoric animal is any animal that lived more than 5,500 years ago--that is, before people invented writing and began to record history.
0444300|Prehistoric people are human beings who lived before writing was invented about 5,500 years ago.
0444320|Prejudice is an opinion formed without taking the time or care to judge fairly.
0444370|Premature birth occurs when a woman gives birth to a baby before the end of the normal period of pregnancy.
0444375|Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a condition that affects many women 3 to 10 days before the beginning of their menstrual period.
0444380|Premier is the head of the cabinet in France and various other countries.
0444420|Prendergast, Maurice Brazil, (1859-1924), was an American painter and illustrator.
0444460|Preposition, in grammar, is a word that introduces a word or phrase and connects that word with the word it modifies.
0444470|Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood was a group of seven young English artists and writers who wanted to reform England's art.
0444485|Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) is the largest Presbyterian denomination in the United States.
0444540|Presbyterians, form a large group of Protestant denominations in English-speaking countries.
0444600|Prescott, William (1726-1795), was an American colonel during the Revolutionary War in America (1775-1783).
0444700|President is the title of the chief executive officer in a number of countries.
0444710|President of the United States is often considered the most powerful elected official in the world.
0444715|Presidential assistant is a person who performs special duties for the President of the United States.
0444730|Presidential libraries collect documents and other items associated with a former President of the United States.
0444780|Presidential succession is provided for by Article II and Amendments 20 and 25 of the United States Constitution.
0444845|Presley, Elvis (1935-1977), became the most popular American singer in the history of rock music.
0444850|Pre-Socratic philosophy is a term for the theories developed by Greek philosophers from about 600 B.C. to 400 B.C.
0445040|Pressure is often defined as force per unit area.
0445140|Prester John (or Presbyter John) was a legendary Christian priest and king.
0445160|Pretoria, (pop. 525,583; met. area pop. 1,025,790), is the administrative capital of South Africa.
0445200|Pretzel is a type of German biscuit.
0445220|Prevailing westerly is a wind that blows over the North and South middle latitudes from west to east.
0445255|Prevert, Jacques (1900-1977), was probably the most popular French poet of the mid-1900's.
0445257|Previn, Andre, (1929- ), is an American conductor, pianist, and composer.
0445300|Priam, in Greek mythology, was the last king of Troy and ruler of the city during the Trojan War with Greece.
0445320|Pribilof Islands are four hilly islands in the Bering Sea.
0445340|Price is the amount of money for which something can be bought or sold.
0445350|Price, Hugh Bernard (1941- ), became president of the National Urban League in 1994.
0445370|Price, Leontyne, (1927- ), an African American singer, ranks among the most celebrated sopranos of her time.
0445400|Price control is a method used by a government to influence prices for the benefit of producers or consumers.
0445450|Prickly-ash is the name of a large group of trees or shrubs found mainly in tropical regions.
0445460|Prickly heat is a skin rash of tiny, red pimples that itch.
0445480|Prickly pear, also called nopal or Indian fig, is a type of cactus with prickly fruits that are shaped somewhat like a pear or fig.
0445540|Priest, in many religions, is the title of certain members of the clergy.
0445580|Priestley, John Boynton (1894-1984), was an English novelist, playwright, and journalist who wrote his novels in the realistic tradition of the 1800's.
0445600|Priestley, Joseph (1733-1804), an English clergyman and chemist, shares the credit for the discovery of oxygen with Carl Wilhelm Scheele of Sweden (see OXYGEN ).
0445680|Primary election is a method of selecting candidates to run for public office.
0445720|Primate is a member of the group of mammals made up of human beings and the animals that resemble them most closely.
0445760|Prime minister heads the executive branch of government in countries with a parliamentary system.
0445770|Prime minister of Canada is the leader of the Canadian national government.
0445880|Primogeniture is a system of inheritance widely used in Europe for hundreds of years.
0445900|Primrose is the common name of a group of plants that usually flower in the early spring.
0445920|Primrose, William (1903-1982), a Scottish violist, became known for his outstanding performances in solo concert.
0445960|Prince is a title of the highest rank of the nobility.
0445980|Prince Albert (pop. 34,181), is an important center of commercial trading and of tourism in central Saskatchewan.
0446020|Prince consort is the husband of a reigning queen.
0446040|Prince Edward Island is the smallest but most thickly populated province of Canada.
0446080|Prince George (pop. 69,653) is an industrial city in the Canadian province of British Columbia.
0446100|Prince of Wales is the title given to the first male heir to the British throne.
0446120|Prince Rupert, British Columbia (pop. 16,620), is the second largest port on Canada's west coast.
0446200|Princeton, N.J. (pop. 25,214), is the home of Princeton University, Princeton Theological Seminary, and Westminster Choir College, The School of Music of Rider College.
0446240|Princeton University is a coeducational, private university located in Princeton, N.J.
0446400|Printing is one of our most important means of mass communication, along with radio, television, and motion pictures.
0446470|Prion is a microscopic particle that causes scrapie, a disease of sheep and goats.
0446520|Prism is a solid that has two parallel bases joined by three or more lateral surfaces (sides).
0446540|Prison is an institution for confining and punishing people who have been convicted of a crime.
0446580|Prisoner of war is a captured member of a warring country's armed forces.
0446610|Prisons, Federal Bureau of, is the division of the United States Department of Justice that supervises the custody and care of all federal prisoners.
0446620|Privacy, Right of. Whether the law should recognize and protect a person's right of privacy depends upon a weighing of conflicting interests.
0446640|Private school generally refers to any school that is not controlled by public authorities and that does not operate primarily on public funds or tax support.
0446660|Privateer is a privately owned armed vessel.
0446680|Privet is the name of a group of flowering shrubs.
0446720|Privy Council is an honorary council appointed by the Crown of Great Britain.
0446800|Probability. When we say that one event is more probable than another, we mean it is more likely to happen.
0446820|Probate. When people die, their wills must be probated (proved to be genuine).
0446840|Probation is a judicial act that allows a convicted criminal to remain free in society instead of serving a sentence in prison.
0446865|Proboscis monkey is a large, leaf-eating monkey that lives on the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia.
0446870|Procaine is a drug used to block pain sensation in a specific part of the body.
0446920|Proclamation is an executive notice issued under the authority of the head of a state or country.
0447060|Production is a major step in the series of economic processes that bring goods and services to people.
0447140|Profit is the amount of money a company has left over from the sale of its products after it has paid for all the expenses of production.
0447160|Profit sharing. Many employers share part of their profits with their employees.
0447180|Progeria is an extremely rare disorder that causes premature aging in children.
0447190|Progesterone is a hormone produced mainly by the ovaries and the placenta in female animals during the period when they are able to bear young.
0447240|Programming is the planning of operations to be performed by computers or other automatic machines.
0447280|Progression, in mathematics, is a sequence of related numbers or symbols called terms.
0447290|Progressive Conservative Party has been one of the two major political organizations of Canada.
0447300|Progressive education was a revolt against the traditional schools of the United States of the 1800's.
0447320|Progressive movement was a campaign for economic, political, and social reform in the United States.
0447340|Progressive Party is a name given to several political parties that have been organized in the United States.
0447360|Prohibition, refers to laws that are designed to prevent the drinking of alcoholic beverages.
0447380|Prohibition Party is a political organization of the United States.
0447515|Projection screen is a square or rectangular device on which motion pictures or slides are shown.
0447520|Projector is a device used to show pictures on a screen.
0447530|Prokhorov, Alexander Mikhailovich, (1916- ), is a Russian physicist.
0447540|Prokofiev, Sergei Sergeyevich, (1891-1953), was a major Russian composer.
0447580|Prologue is an introduction to a play or other writing.
0447600|Prometheus, in Greek myths, was a member of the earliest race of gods, called Titans.
0447620|Promethium, (chemical symbol, Pm), is one of the rare-earth metals.
0447680|Pronghorn is a horned and hoofed mammal native to North America.
0447700|Pronoun is a part of speech used in place of a noun.
0447740|Pronunciation means saying a word aloud.
0447760|Proofreading means reading printed copy and marking any errors found in it.
0447780|Propaganda is one-sided communication designed to influence people's thinking and actions.
0447840|Propeller is a device for producing motion that has blades mounted on a power-driven shaft.
0447860|Property, in law, means the rights people have in things.
0447920|Property tax is a tax collected from the owners of buildings, land, and other taxable property, including business equipment and inventory.
0447940|Prophet, in religion, is the title given to a person who claims to communicate God's will to others.
0447960|Prophylaxis, means any treatment that protects a person from a disease.
0448040|Proportion is a relationship of equivalence between two ratios.
0448060|Proportional representation is a system of electing members of a legislature.
0448180|Prose is the language of everyday speech and writing.
0448230|Proslavery movement was an attempt by Southerners to justify and expand slavery in America between the 1830's and 1860.
0448240|Prospecting is the process of searching for valuable deposits of minerals or fuels.
0448265|Prosser, Gabriel (1775?-1800), a black slave, planned a major slave revolt with the goal of making Virginia a state for blacks.
0448270|Prostaglandin is the name of a group of important chemical compounds.
0448280|Prostate gland is an organ of the male reproductive system.
0448300|Prosthetics is a branch of medicine that deals with supplying artificial parts for the body.
0448310|Prostitution is the performance of sexual acts for payment.
0448320|Protactinium is a radioactive metal belonging to the actinide series of elements.
0448350|Protea is the name for a group of about 130 species of evergreen shrubs and small trees native to Africa.
0448400|Protective coloration is coloring that protects a plant or animal from its enemies.
0448460|Protein is one of the three main classes of food that provide energy to the body.
0448570|Protestant ethic is a set of attitudes that stress the moral value of work, self-discipline, and personal responsibility.
0448575|Protestantism is the general name for hundreds of Christian denominations and sects that differ slightly or greatly from one another.
0448590|Protist is the name of a group of organisms, most of which are microscopic.
0448660|Protocol is a document containing a record of talks carried on by diplomatic representatives.
0448680|Proton is a positively charged subatomic particle.
0448720|Protoplasm is a term that means the living matter of cells.
0448740|Protozoan is a one-celled organism that may have plantlike or animallike characteristics.
0448780|Protractor is a device for measuring the size of angles or drawing angles of specified sizes.
0448840|Proudhon, Pierre Joseph, (1809-1865), was a French socialist and reformer.
0448850|Proust, Joseph Louis, (1754-1826), was a French chemist.
0448860|Proust, Marcel, (1871-1922), was a French author.
0448920|Proverb is a brief saying that presents a truth or some bit of useful wisdom.
0448940|Proverbs, Book of, is a book of the Hebrew Bible, or Old Testament.
0448960|Providence, (pop. 160,782) is the capital and largest city of Rhode Island.
0449020|Province, in Roman times, was a conquered district ruled by an official from Rome.
0449080|Provisional government is a temporary government frequently set up during or after a revolution or other disorder.
0449100|Provo, (pop. 86,835), is one of the largest cities in Utah.
0449190|Proxmire, William (1915- ), a Wisconsin Democrat, was a United States senator from 1957 to 1989.
0449200|Proxy is a substitute.
0449240|Prune is a sweet plum that has been dried.
0449260|Pruning is the cutting away of plant parts, such as branches, shoots, buds, or roots.
0449280|Prussia was a powerful Germanic nation in north-central Europe for hundreds of years.
0449300|Prussian blue is a dark blue solid substance with a coppery luster.
0449320|Prussic acid, also known as hydrocyanic acid, is called prussic acid because it was first obtained from Prussian blue (see PRUSSIAN BLUE ).
0449360|Przewalski's horse, also called Przhevalski's horse, is the only true wild horse that exists today.
0449380|Psalms, Book of, is a collection of 150 poems or songs in the Old Testament, or Hebrew Bible.
0449400|Pseudonym is a fictitious name taken by authors and other people who wish to conceal their true identities or simply to be known by another name.
0449445|Psi particle, also called a is a type of subatomic particle.
0449480|Psittacosis is a contagious disease that is carried by some birds.
0449500|Psoriasis is an incurable skin disease characterized by thick, raised, red patches covered with silvery-white scales.
0449520|Psyche was a princess in ancient mythology.
0449540|Psychiatry is the branch of medicine concerned with the treatment and prevention of mental illness.
0449560|Psychical research is the original name of a field of study that is now known as parapsychology.
0449580|Psychoanalysis is a method of treating mental illness founded by the Austrian physician Sigmund Freud.
0449640|Psychological warfare, uses propaganda to reach certain goals.
0449660|Psychology is the scientific study of mental processes and behavior.
0449700|Psychosis is a term used to describe a severe mental illness.
0449720|Psychosomatic medicine is the use of the methods and principles of psychology in the treatment of physical ailments.
0449740|Psychotherapy is any treatment of mental or emotional disorders by psychological means.
0449780|Psyllium is an herb grown chiefly in France, Spain, and India.
0449800|PT boat was one of the smallest, fastest, and most maneuverable fighting ships of the United States Navy.
0449840|Ptarmigan is the name of a group of birds that live in northern parts of the Northern Hemisphere, such as Alaska, the Aleutian Islands, and Greenland.
0449880|Pteridophyte is one of a large and important group of plants that are simpler in their structures than flowering plants.
0449910|Pterosaur was a member of an extinct group of flying reptiles.
0449940|Ptolemy, (A.D. 100?-165?), was one of the greatest astronomers and geographers of ancient times.
0449950|Ptolemy I, (367?-283? B.C.), founded a family of rulers who reigned in Egypt from 323 to 30 B.C.
0449960|Ptomaine poisoning is an outdated term for a type of food poisoning.
0450020|Pu Yi, (1906-1967), often called Henry Pu Yi, was the last emperor of China.
0450140|Public defender is an official paid by the state to defend people who are accused of a crime and are too poor to hire their own lawyer.
0450160|Public domain means that the right to possess or own property belongs to the public rather than to an individual.
0450220|Public health is the general health of all members of a community.
0450240|Public Health Service (PHS) is a division of the United States Department of Health and Human Services.
0450280|Public lands include all the territory owned by a national government.
0450320|Public opinion refers to the opinions or views of people in a community or country on issues of public interest or concern.
0450330|Public opinion poll is a survey to find out the attitudes, beliefs, or opinions of a large number of people.
0450360|Public relations, commonly called PR, is an activity aimed at increasing communication and understanding between an organization or individual and one or more groups called publics.
0450380|Public revenue is funds raised through taxation to pay the expenses of government.
0450440|Public speaking is the art or practice of making a speech before an audience.
0450460|Public utility is a company that provides an essential service to the public.
0450560|Publishing is the process of preparing, manufacturing, and distributing books, magazines, newspapers, or other printed materials.
0450580|Puccini, Giacomo, (1858-1924), was an Italian opera composer.
0450620|Puck, or Robin Goodfellow, a mischievous spirit or elf in English folklore, tormented people, usually in fun.
0450640|Pudding stone is a common term for a type of conglomerate stone consisting of rounded pebbles embedded in a fine-grained matrix (cementing material).
0450680|Puebla is a state in east-central Mexico between Mexico City and the Gulf of Mexico.
0450700|Puebla (pop. 1,007,170), officially Puebla de Zaragoza, one of the largest cities in Mexico, stands 65 miles (105 kilometers) southeast of Mexico City.
0450720|Pueblo, (pop. 98,640; met. area pop. 123,051), is one of the largest cities in Colorado.
0450740|Pueblo Indians are a people who live in villages in New Mexico and Arizona.
0450800|Puerto Rico is a beautiful, fertile island about 1,000 miles (1,600 kilometers) southeast of Florida.
0450900|Puffball is the name of a group of fungi that produce ball- or pear-shaped fruit with completely enclosed spores.
0450920|Puffer is a type of fish that can inflate its body like a balloon.
0450940|Puffin, also called sea parrot, is an odd-looking bird that lives in the Arctic waters of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.
0450960|Pug is a small dog with a short nose and a tail that curls tightly over its back.
0450980|Puget, Peter (1762?-1822), a British naval officer and explorer, played an important part in the exploration of the north Pacific Coast of North America.
0451000|Puget Sound is a large, irregular inlet in the northwest corner of the state of Washington.
0451080|Pulaski, Casimir, (1747?-1779), a Polish nobleman and soldier, won fame for his role with the Continental Army in the Revolutionary War in America (1775-1783).
0451120|Puli is a medium-sized sheepdog originally bred in Hungary.
0451140|Pulitzer, Joseph (1847-1911), was a Hungarian immigrant who became one of the greatest American newspaper publishers in history.
0451160|Pulitzer Prizes are awards given in the United States each year for distinguished achievement in journalism, literature, drama, and music.
0451180|Pulley is a wheel over which a rope or belt is passed for the purpose of transmitting energy and doing work.
0451200|Pullman, George Mortimer (1831-1897), was an American businessman.
0451240|Pullman Strike, also called the Chicago Strike, was a violent labor dispute that took place in 1894.
0451410|Pulsar is an object in space from which regular bursts of electromagnetic radiation are received on the earth.
0451420|Pulse is caused by a stretching of the arteries that takes place after each heartbeat.
0451520|Pumice is a grayish-white natural glass with many tiny holes.
0451540|Pump is a device that moves liquids and gases.
0451580|Pumpkin is a vegetable related to squash.
0451620|Pun is a humorous use of words that sound alike or nearly alike but have different meanings.
0451660|Punch and Judy are the main characters in a type of comic puppet show popular in England.
0451700|Punctuation is the use of certain marks in writing and printing to make the writer's meaning clear.
0451740|Punic Wars were three struggles between ancient Rome and Carthage.
0451780|Punjab is a region that lies in northwestern India and in Pakistan.
0451880|Pupa is the relatively inactive stage in the metamorphosis (development) of most insects.
0451890|Pupfish is any of about 30 species of small fish that live mainly in springs and streams in the Southwestern United States and Mexico.
0451920|Pupin, Michael Idvorsky, (1858-1935), was a Serbian-American electrical engineer, educator, and inventor.
0451940|Puppet is an artificial figure whose movements are controlled by a person.
0451980|Purcell, Edward Mills (1912- ), an American physicist, shared the 1952 Nobel Prize for physics.
0452000|Purcell, Henry (1659?-1695), was an English composer during the baroque period.
0452040|Purdue University is a publicly controlled coeducational land-grant school.
0452060|Pure food and drug laws establish health and safety standards for foods, drugs, medical devices, and cosmetics.
0452080|Purgatory is a state, according to Roman Catholic tradition, in which people who have died atone for their sins before being admitted to the vision of God in heaven.
0452100|Purim is a joyous Jewish festival celebrated in February or March, on the 14th day of the Hebrew month of Adar.
0452140|Puritans were members of a religious and social movement of the 1500's and 1600's.
0452280|Purslane is a matting annual weed.
0452360|Pusan, (pop. 3,798,113), is the second largest city and the major port in South Korea.
0452440|Pushkin, Alexander (1799-1837), is considered Russia's greatest poet and, by many, the greatest Russian writer of any kind.
0452490|Pushtuns are one of the largest ethnic groups in Afghanistan and Pakistan.
0452520|Pussy willow is a shrub or small tree of the willow family.
0452600|Putnam, Israel (1718-1790), an American patriot, served as a general in the Revolutionary War in America.
0452620|Putnam, Rufus (1738-1824), an American general in the Revolutionary War (1775-1783), became known as the founder and father of Ohio.
0452700|Putty is a filler material that is soft when applied but slowly hardens.
0452860|Pygmalion was a sculptor and king of Cyprus in Greek legend.
0452880|Pygmies are small people.
0452900|Pyle, Ernie (1900-1945), an American newspaperman, won a Pulitzer Prize in 1944 for his reporting.
0452920|Pyle, Howard (1853-1911), an American painter, became one of the most influential illustrators of his time.
0452950|Pym, John (1584-1643), an English leader in Parliament, opposed the attempts of King Charles I to rule England as an absolute monarch.
0452980|Pyongyang, (pop. 2,639,448), is the capital and largest city of North Korea.
0453020|Pyramid, in geometry, is a solid figure with triangular faces that meet at a common point.
0453060|Pyramids are large structures with square bases and four smooth, triangular-shaped sides that come to a point at the top.
0453080|Pyramus and Thisbe are young lovers in an ancient legend.
0453100|Pyrenees is a mountain chain that forms a natural barrier between France and Spain.
0453120|Pyrethrum is the name of a group of flowers.
0453180|Pyrite, or "fool's gold," as it is sometimes called, is a compound of iron and sulfur.
0453260|Pyromania, refers to an uncontrollable urge to set fires.
0453340|Pyrotechnics is a term used to mean fireworks, or the art of making fireworks.
0453360|Pyroxene is any of a group of minerals that play an important part in the formation of many kinds of rocks.
0453460|Pyrrho of Elis, (361?-270? B.C.), was the founder of Skepticism.
0453480|Pyrrhus, (318?-272 B.C.), was a king of Epirus in Greece.
0453500|Pythagoras, (580?- ? B.C.), was a Greek philosopher and mathematician.
0453520|Pythagorean theorem, in geometry, states that in a right triangle the square of the length of the hypotenuse equals the sum of the squares of the lengths of the other two sides.
0453540|Pytheas was a Greek explorer who lived in the late 300's B.C.
0453640|Python is a large snake that lives in southeastern Asia, India, the East Indies, Africa, and Australia.
0453680|Q is the 17th letter of our alphabet.
0453690|Qadhafi, Muammar Muhammad al-, (1942- ), took over the leadership of Libya's government in 1969.
0453695|Qandahar, also spelled Kandahar (pop. 191,345), is the second largest city of Afghanistan.
0453700|Qatar is a small Arab country in southwestern Asia.
0453780|Qin dynasty, also spelled Ch'in, was a Chinese dynasty (family of rulers) that governed from 221 B.C. to 206 B.C.
0453840|Quadrilateral is the name given to a plane figure with four straight sides--that is, a four-sided polygon.
0454080|Quail is a type of small bird that belongs to the same family as pheasants and partridges, grouse, turkeys, and guineafowl.
0454190|Quakers is the popular name for members of the Religious Society of Friends.
0454230|Quanah, (1845-1911), was a chief of the Comanche Indians.
0454250|Quantico Marine Corps Combat Development Command, in Quantico, Va., is the principal center for training officers of the United States Marine Corps.
0454320|Quantrill, William Clarke (1837-1865), was the leader of a Confederate guerrilla band during the Civil War (1861-1865).
0454340|Quantum mechanics is a field of physics that describes the structure of the atom and the motion of atomic particles.
0454400|Quarantine occurs when people, animals, or plants are isolated or their movements restricted to prevent the spread of infection.
0454410|Quark is a particle that physicists believe to be the basic subunit of neutrons and protons.
0454415|Quarles, Benjamin Arthur (1904- ), is an American historian.
0454420|Quarrying is a method of mining a deposit that lies at the surface of the earth.
0454440|Quart is a unit of volume and capacity for both dry and liquid substances in the inch-pound system of measurement.
0454450|Quarter is a United States coin worth 25 cents, or a quarter of a dollar.
0454560|Quartz is a common mineral that occurs in many types of rocks.
0454580|Quartzite is a rock composed chiefly of the mineral quartz.
0454590|Quasar is an extremely luminous object at the center of some distant galaxies.
0454595|Quasicrystal is a solid composed of atoms arranged in an orderly pattern that differs from the pattern in a crystal.
0454600|Quasimodo, Salvatore, (1901-1968), an Italian poet, won the 1959 Nobel Prize for literature.
0454630|Quayle, Dan (1947- ), served as Vice President of the United States from 1989 to 1993, during the term of President George Bush.
0454640|Quebec is the largest province of Canada.
0454660|Quebec is the capital of the province of Quebec and the oldest city in Canada.
0454670|Quebec, Battle of, settled the fate of the French empire in America.
0454675|Quebec, University of, or Universite du Quebec, is Canada's largest university.
0454680|Quebec Act was a group of laws passed by Great Britain in 1774.
0454690|Quebec Conference was a meeting at which Canadian leaders completed plans for forming a united Canada.
0454700|Quebracho is a type of South American tree that grows mainly in Argentina and Paraguay.
0454710|Quechan Indians, also called the Yuma Indians, live along the Colorado River in southeastern California and southwestern Arizona.
0454760|Queen is the title of a woman who rules a kingdom in her own right, or who is the wife of a king.
0454780|Queen, Ellery, was the pen name of two cousins, Frederic Dannay (1905-1982) and Manfred B. Lee (1905-1971), who became successful detective-story writers.
0454840|Queen Charlotte Islands is a group of about 150 islands in the North Pacific Ocean.
0454980|Queens, N.Y., is the largest of New York City's five boroughs (districts) in area.
0455040|Queens Midtown Tunnel runs 85 feet (26 meters) under the East River to connect midtown Manhattan and Queens.
0455060|Queen's University at Kingston is a coeducational university in Kingston, Canada.
0455080|Queensberry, Marquess of (1844-1900), a British sportsman, sponsored the boxing code that bears his name (see QUEENSBERRY RULES ).
0455100|Queensberry Rules are a set of rules for boxing matches.
0455120|Queensland is the second largest state in Australia.
0455200|Queiros, Pedro Fernandes de (1565-1615), was a Portuguese explorer who sailed in the service of Spain.
0455220|Quemoy is the name of a group of islands about 5 miles (8 kilometers) off the coast of China, in the Taiwan Strait.
0455240|Queretaro is a mountainous state in central Mexico.
0455260|Quesnay, Francois, (1694-1774), was a French economist who made some of the earliest contributions to the development of economics.
0455300|Quetzal is a brilliantly colored bird of the trogon family.
0455320|Quetzal is the chief unit of money in Guatemala.
0455370|Quevedo, Francisco de (1580-1645), was the leading Spanish humanist of the 1600's.
0455420|Quezon City, (pop. 1,587,140), is a beautiful city in the Philippines.
0455480|Quicksand is a deep mass of extremely fine sand.
0455560|Quilt is a cloth bedcover.
0455620|Quince is a type of attractive shrub or small tree that is closely related to apple and pear trees.
0455700|Quinine is a drug made from the bark of the cinchona tree.
0455720|Quinoa is a grain plant native to the Andes Mountains of South America.
0455730|Quinolone is any of a group of synthetic drugs used to treat a variety of bacterial infections.
0455800|Quintilian, (A.D. 35?-95?), was a Roman teacher of oratory.
0455860|Quintuplets are five babies born to the same mother at one time.
0455920|Quirinal Hill is the northernmost of the famous seven hills of Rome.
0455960|Quirinus was one of the three principal gods in Roman mythology during the early history of Rome.
0456000|Quisling, Vidkun Abraham Lauritz (1887-1945), was a Norwegian traitor of World War II (1939-1945).
0456040|Quito, (pop. 1,281,849), is the capital and second largest city of the Republic of Ecuador.
0456160|Quoits is a game in which players toss a metal ring, called a quoit, at a peg, called a mott.
0456170|Quoll is a small, spotted mammal that lives in the forests of New Guinea and Australia, including Tasmania.
0456180|Quonset hut is a corrugated steel building made in the shape of a half cylinder.
0456220|Quorum is a certain number, or proportion, of members of an organization required by parliamentary law to be present before the group can transact business.
0456240|Quota International is a service organization of executives and professionals who work to help people with hearing and speech disabilities.
0456340|R is the 18th letter of our alphabet.
0456360|RX is a symbol used on prescriptions written by doctors.
0456400|Rabat, (pop. 518,616), is the capital of Morocco.
0456440|Rabbi is the title given to an ordained Jewish minister.
0456460|Rabbit is a furry animal with long ears and a fluffy whitish tail.
0456540|Rabelais, Francois, (1494?-1553?), a French humanist, wrote the comic narrative Gargantua and Pantagruel.
0456580|Rabies is an infectious disease that destroys the nerve cells of part of the brain and almost always causes death.
0456590|Rabin, Yitzhak, (1922- ), became prime minister of Israel in 1992.
0456620|Raccoon is a furry animal that has a bushy, ringed tail and a band of black hair around its eyes.
0456640|Raceme is a type of flower cluster.
0456650|Racer is the name of a group of harmless, fast-moving snakes of the United States.
0456660|Races, Human. All human beings are descended from people who lived hundreds of thousands of years ago.
0456700|Rachel, in the Old Testament, was the favorite wife of Jacob.
0456720|Rachmaninoff, Sergei Vassilievich, (1873-1943), was a Russian composer and conductor and one of the greatest pianists in history.
0456760|Racine, Jean (1639-1699), ranks among the greatest French playwrights.
0456780|Racing is a contest of speed.
0456790|Racism is the belief that human beings can be divided into races and that members of some races are inferior to members of other races.
0456820|Rack was an instrument of torture often used in the Middle Ages.
0456840|Rackham, Arthur (1867-1939), an English artist, won wide recognition for his illustrations for children's books.
0456850|Racquetball is a fast, exciting game in which the players hit a ball with a short racket (or racquet) that resembles a small tennis racket.
0456860|Radar is an electronic instrument used to detect and locate moving or fixed objects.
0456900|Radcliffe-Brown, A. R. (1881-1955), a British anthropologist, helped develop present-day American and British anthropological theories.
0456920|Radcliffe College is a private liberal arts college for women in Cambridge, Mass.
0456940|Radford, Arthur William (1896-1973), an admiral in the United States Navy, served from 1953 to 1957 as chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
0457000|Radian is a metric unit used to measure angles.
0457060|Radiation is energy given off in the form of waves or small particles of matter.
0457100|Radiation sickness is the term for a variety of symptoms that follow a person's exposure to damaging amounts of certain types of radiation.
0457120|Radiator is a set of pipes or tubes that gives off heat to its surroundings.
0457140|Radical, in chemistry, is a group of two or more charged or neutral atoms that have at least one unpaired electron.
0457200|Radicalism is a political philosophy that emphasizes the need to find and eliminate the basic injustices of society.
0457240|Radio is one of our most important means of communication.
0457260|Radio, Amateur, is a popular hobby in which an individual operates his or her own radio station.
0457465|Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (RFE/RL) is a nonprofit corporation made up of two radio networks that broadcast to countries in eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union.
0457560|Radiocarbon, or Carbon 14, is a radioactive isotope of carbon.
0457570|Radiochemistry is a field of chemistry that involves the study of radioactive elements.
0457580|Radiogeology is the science that deals with the relation of radioactivity to geology.
0457655|Radiology is the field of medicine that uses X rays and other means of creating images of the body to diagnose and aid in the treatment of diseases and other disorders.
0457680|Radiosonde is an instrument used by meteorologists to take soundings (measurements) of the upper air.
0457740|Radish is a plant grown for its fleshy root.
0457780|Radisson, Pierre Esprit, (1640?-1710?), was a French explorer and fur trader.
0457800|Radium is a highly radioactive, metallic element.
0457880|Radon is a radioactive chemical element that occurs naturally as a gas.
0457900|Raeburn, Sir Henry (1756-1823), was the leading Scottish portrait painter of his day.
0457920|Raffia is a fiber made from the leafstalks of certain varieties of palm trees.
0457960|Rafflesia is the name of a small genus of plants which have huge flowers but no leaves or stems.
0457970|Rafsanjani, Ali Akbar Hashemi, (1934- ), was elected president of Iran in 1989.
0457980|Raft is one of the simplest kinds of watercraft.
0458010|Rafting is an outdoor recreational activity in which small groups of people float down a river on rafts.
0458040|Ragtime is a type of rhythmic music that was highly popular in the United States around 1895 to 1915.
0458060|Ragweed is the name of several weeds that grow in the United States and Canada.
0458080|Raikes, Robert (1735-1811), an English publisher, first developed Sunday schools on an extensive scale.
0458120|Rail is the common name of a family of marsh birds that live throughout most of the world.
0458140|Railroad is one of the most important means of transportation.
0458200|Railroad, Model, is a small railroad that copies the appearance and operation of a full-sized railroad.
0458220|Railroad Retirement Board (RRB) is a United States government agency that administers a retirement pension system for retired railroad employees, their spouses, and their survivors.
0458260|Railroads, Association of American, is the central coordinating and research agency of the American railroad industry.
0458270|Railway is the term used in the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth countries for a railroad.
0458280|Railway brotherhoods were unions of railroad workers in the United States and Canada.
0458320|Railway Labor Act is a U.S. federal law that deals with labor disputes between railroad and airline companies and their employees.
0458340|Rain is a form of precipitation that consists of drops of water.
0458380|Rain dance is a ceremony performed by American Indians of the Southwestern United States to ask spirits to send rain for their crops.
0458400|Rain gauge is an instrument used to measure the amount of rain that falls in a certain place during a specific period of time.
0458440|Rain tree, also called cenizero, is a shade tree that grows in tropical climates.
0458460|Rainbow is a circular arc of colors that appears in the sky when raindrops are illuminated by sunlight.
0458480|Rainbow Bridge National Monument, in southern Utah, has one of the world's best-known natural bridges.
0458500|Rainbow for Girls is an international organization for girls from the ages of 11 through 19.
0458540|Rainier III, (1923- ), became prince of Monaco in 1949.
0458550|Rainmaking, also called cloud seeding, is a process that makes rain fall from a cloud.
0458560|Rainy Lake lies on the boundary between Ontario and Minnesota, about 125 miles (201 kilometers) north of Duluth, Minn.
0458600|Raisa, Rosa (1893-1963), a dramatic soprano, was especially popular for many years with audiences in Italy and Chicago.
0458620|Raisin is a dried grape.
0458660|Rajah is a title taken from the Sanskrit word rajan, which means king.
0458700|Rake is a machine used to gather mowed hay and place it in long piles called windrows.
0458720|Raleigh, (pop. 207,951), is the capital of North Carolina and an educational, research, and trade center of the state.
0458740|Raleigh, Sir Walter (1552?-1618), is one of the most colorful figures in English history.
0458770|Ramadan is an Islamic holy month when Muslims may not eat or drink from morning until night.
0458840|Raman, Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata, (1888-1970), an Indian physicist, discovered that when a beam of light passes through a liquid or a gas, it is scattered and the frequency of some of the scattered light is changed.
0458860|Ramayana is one of the two great epic poems of India.
0458890|Rameau, Jean-Philippe, (1683-1764), was a French composer and musical theorist of the baroque period.
0458940|Ramie is a perennial plant grown chiefly for its fiber.
0459000|Ramp, or wild leek, is a wild onion that grows in moist woodland areas in the eastern United States.
0459040|Rampolla, Mariano Cardinal, (1843-1913), Marchese del Tindaro, became a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and papal secretary of state in 1887.
0459080|Ramsay, Sir William (1852-1916), was a Scottish chemist who, with English physicist Lord Rayleigh, isolated the rare atmospheric gas, argon.
0459100|Ramses II was a famous Egyptian pharaoh (king) who reigned from about 1290 to 1224 B.C.
0459160|Ranching usually means raising cattle and sheep on large farms.
0459165|Rand, Ayn, (1905-1982), was an American author and social critic.
0459170|Rand Corporation is a nonprofit research organization that studies policy problems of the United States, especially those involving national defense.
0459210|Randolph, A. Philip (1889-1979), played a leading role in the struggle for black rights from the 1920's through the 1960's.
0459215|Randolph, Edmund (1753-1813), a Virginia statesman, presented the famous Virginia Plan to the Constitutional Convention in 1787.
0459220|Randolph, Edward (1632?-1703), was a British agent in colonial New England.
0459225|Randolph, John (1773-1833), was a Virginia politician noted more for his colorful personality than for his achievements.
0459260|Randolph Air Force Base, Texas, is the headquarters of the Air Education and Training Command.
0459335|Range is an appliance that provides heat for cooking.
0459340|Range finder is a device for measuring distances.
0459400|Rangers are specialized U.S. Army infantry units.
0459460|Rangoon, (pop. 1,315,964; met. area pop. 2,452,881), is the capital and largest city of Burma.
0459480|Ranjit Singh, (1780-1839), known as the Lion of the Punjab, was one of the most important figures in the history of India.
0459500|Rank, Military, indicates a person's authority and standing.
0459520|Ranke, Leopold von, (1795-1886), a German historian, persuaded historians to use critical methods and examine history scientifically.
0459540|Rankin, Jeannette (1880-1973), was the first woman to be elected to the United States Congress.
0459580|Ransom, John Crowe (1888-1974), was an American poet, critic, and editor.
0459590|Rao, P. V. Narasimha, (1921- ), became prime minister of India in 1991, after his Congress-I Party won the most seats in parliamentary elections.
0459640|Rap music is a form of popular music that is generally spoken or chanted at a fast pace rather than sung.
0459710|Rape is the crime of forcing sexual intercourse upon a person against the person's will.
0459720|Rape is a flowering herb of the mustard family.
0459740|Raphael, (1483-1520), was one of the greatest and most influential painters of the Italian Renaissance.
0459780|Rapid City (pop. 54,523; met. area pop. 81,343) is the second largest city in South Dakota.
0459840|Rappahannock River is a waterway in Virginia.
0459860|Rare earth is any one of a group of metallic elements with atomic numbers 58 through 71.
0459920|Raskin, Ellen (1928-1984), was an American author and illustrator.
0459960|Raspberry is a thorny bush that produces small, round, tasty fruit.
0459990|Rasputin, Grigori Efimovich, (1864?-1916), was a Siberian peasant, healer, and holy man.
0460010|Rastafarians are members of Ras Tafari, a religious and political movement that began in the Caribbean Sea island of Jamaica in the 1920's.
0460040|Rat is a furry mammal that looks like a mouse but is larger.
0460060|Ratchet is a wheel or bar that can move in only one direction.
0460120|Ratel is a badgerlike animal that lives in Saudi Arabia, India, Nepal, and much of Africa.
0460160|Ratio is an ordered pair or set that represents a relationship between numbers or quantities.
0460190|Rational number is any number that can be expressed in the form a/b , where a is any integer and b is any integer except zero.
0460200|Rationalism is an outlook that emphasizes human reason and its ability to answer basic questions.
0460220|Rationing is a system used by a government to distribute scarce products among the people of a country.
0460240|Rattan is a tough, stringy material.
0460260|Rattlesnake is any one of the poisonous snakes of the Western Hemisphere with a rattle on the end of the tail.
0460265|Rattner, Abraham (1895-1978), was an American painter who is best known for his religious works.
0460270|Rauschenberg, Robert (1925- ), is an American artist famous for experimenting with a variety of materials, techniques, and styles.
0460320|Ravel, Maurice, (1875-1937), was a French composer.
0460340|Raven is a type of large all-black bird that belongs to the crow family.
0460360|Ravenna, (pop. 135,844), is a city in northern Italy, famous for its art treasures and architecture.
0460440|Rawlings, Marjorie Kinnan (1896-1953), was an American novelist who wrote about the conflict between people and nature in the Florida backwoods.
0460480|Ray is any of a group of more than 400 species of fishes.
0460485|Ray, Dixy Lee (1914-1994), was governor of the state of Washington from 1977 to 1981.
0460500|Rayburn, Sam (1882-1961), served longer as Speaker of the United States House of Representatives than any other person.
0460540|Raymond, Henry Jarvis (1820-1869), brought political independence and moderation to American journalism through the newspaper he and two associates founded, The New York Times.
0460560|Rayon is a manufactured fiber produced from wood or cotton.
0460600|Razor is a cutting instrument used to remove hair from the skin.
0460620|RDX is a powerful explosive also known as cyclonite and hexogen.
0460640|Re, also spelled Ra, was the sun god in Egyptian mythology.
0460740|Read, George (1733-1798), a lawyer and statesman from Delaware, was one of six people who signed both the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution of the United States.
0460780|Reade, Charles (1814-1884), was an English novelist and playwright.
0460840|Reading, (pop. 78,380; met. area pop. 336,523), is a city on the Schuylkill River in southeastern Pennsylvania.
0460860|Reading is the act of getting meaning from printed or written words.
0460910|Reagan, Ronald Wilson (1911- ), was elected President of the United States in 1980 and won a second term in 1984.
0460980|Real estate is land and all the things permanently attached to it, such as trees, buildings, and minerals beneath the surface.
0461000|Realism, in the arts, is the attempt to portray life as it is.
0461050|Reaney, James (1926- ), is a Canadian poet and playwright.
0461060|Reaper is a machine that farmers once used to harvest grain.
0461100|Reason usually has three different meanings.
0461140|Rebate, in mercantile law, is a discount, or reduction of the amount to be paid.
0461210|Rebellions of 1837 were revolts against British rule in the North American colonies of Upper Canada and Lower Canada.
0461240|Rebus is a word game in which the placement or size of letters, numbers, or words indicates names, phrases, or other words.
0461260|Recall enables voters to remove a person from office before a term is completed, and to elect a new public official.
0461300|Receipt is a written statement showing that one person has paid money to another.
0461340|Receiver is an individual, a bank, or a trust company appointed by a court to hold, manage, or dispose of property.
0461350|Recession is a decline in overall business activity.
0461360|Recife, (pop. 1,375,404; met. area pop. 2,814,795), in northeastern Brazil, is the capital of the state of Pernambuco.
0461380|Reciprocal trade agreement is a pact between two or more nations to lower tariffs or other trade barriers on certain goods or services.
0461440|Reclamation, Bureau of, is a United States government agency that works to manage and protect water resources in the Western States.
0461540|Reconstruction was the period in United States history that followed the Civil War.
0461620|Recorder is a type of flute that has a whistle mouthpiece.
0461635|Recording industry is the group of businesses involved in the production and sale of compact discs (CD's), cassette tapes, and phonograph records.
0461660|Recreation is an activity that people voluntarily pursue for personal enjoyment or satisfaction, usually during their free time.
0461690|Recreational vehicle (RV) provides temporary living quarters for year-round travel, camping, or recreation.
0461720|Rectangle is a four-sided plane figure with four right angles.
0461810|Recycling is a process designed to recover and reuse materials instead of throwing them away.
0461900|Red Cloud (1822-1909) was one of the greatest warriors and chiefs of the Oglala, a band of the Teton Sioux Indians.
0461920|Red Cross is an organization that works to relieve human suffering.
0461940|Red deer is the common name for a species of deer that lives in forests of Europe, Asia, and northern Africa.
0462035|Red Jacket (1750?-1830) was a Seneca Indian leader and noted orator.
0462160|Red River, so named because of the red-colored sediment it carries, forms much of the boundary between Oklahoma and Texas.
0462180|Red River of the North, also called Red River, is a major waterway of the United States and Canada.
0462200|Red River Rebellion occurred in 1869 and 1870, when settlers of the Red River Valley of what is now Manitoba resisted steps to put the valley under Canadian government control.
0462240|Red Sea is a long, narrow arm of the Indian Ocean that separates the Arabian Peninsula from northeastern Africa.
0462250|Red shift is a shift in the wavelength of light emitted by a cosmic object toward the longer (red) wavelengths of the object's spectrum.
0462320|Red tape is an unfavorable term used to describe the inefficiency of any large bureaucracy, public or private.
0462330|Red tide is a term used for brownish or reddish areas of ocean, river, or lake water.
0462360|Redbird is the common name for all birds with red or mostly red plumage.
0462400|Redbud is the name for a group of trees and shrubs native to Asia, North America, and southern Europe.
0462460|Redfish is a name applied to several kinds of fish, but particularly to the red drum, also called channel bass.
0462462|Redford, Robert (1937- ), is an American motion-picture actor and director.
0462465|Redgrave, Sir Michael (1908-1985), was an English actor.
0462540|Redpoll is the name of two species of small songbirds found in North America, Asia, and Europe.
0462580|Redstart is the name of several species of small woodland birds.
0462600|Redstone Arsenal, near Huntsville, Alabama, serves as headquarters of the United States Army Missile Command.
0462660|Reduction is a chemical reaction in which a substance gains electrons.
0462680|Redwood is a magnificent forest tree that grows along the West Coast of the United States from central California to southern Oregon.
0462690|Redwood National Park, in northern California, is in the huge forest of redwood trees that grows along the Pacific Coast from central California to southern Oregon.
0462700|Reed is a common name for many kinds of tall, slender grass plants.
0462720|Reed, John (1887-1920), was an American journalist and revolutionist.
0462740|Reed, Thomas Brackett (1839-1902), served as Speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 1889 to 1891 and from 1895 to 1899.
0462760|Reed, Walter (1851-1902), a medical officer in the United States Army, helped show how to control typhoid fever and yellow fever.
0463080|Reflection is the return of a wave of energy, such as light, heat, sound, or radio, after it strikes a surface.
0463100|Reflex action. If you accidentally touch a hot stove, you jerk away before you have time to think what you are doing.
0463150|Reform Party is a conservative political party in Canada.
0463180|Reformation was a religious movement of the 1500's that led to Protestantism.
0463200|Reformatory is a correctional institution for lawbreakers over the age of 18 who do not need maximum security.
0463220|Reformed Church in America is incorporated as The General Synod of the Reformed Church in America, a Protestant organization.
0463240|Refraction is the change in the direction in which waves travel when they pass from one kind of matter into another.
0463280|Refractory is any nonmetallic material or object that can withstand high temperatures without becoming soft.
0463300|Refrigeration is the process of producing low temperatures.
0463380|Refugee is a person forced to flee from his or her country of origin and seek safety elsewhere.
0463420|Regelation is the process in which ice melts under pressure and refreezes as soon as the pressure is taken away.
0463440|Regeneration, in plants and animals, is the capacity to replace lost or damaged parts by growing new ones.
0463460|Regent is a person who rules a country when the rightful ruler cannot, either because he or she is too young, out of the country, or ill.
0463490|Reggae is a type of popular music that developed in Jamaica in the 1960's.
0463560|Regina is the capital and second largest city of Saskatchewan.
0463580|Regina Medal is an award honoring a person for a lifetime contribution to children's literature.
0463700|Regression is a characteristic sign of certain mental illnesses.
0463800|Regulus, Marcus Atilius, (?-249? B.C.), was a Roman general who became a national hero.
0463850|Rehnquist, William Hubbs (1924- ), became chief justice of the United States Supreme Court in 1986.
0463860|Reich is a German word meaning empire or state.
0463980|Reid, Whitelaw (1837-1912), was an American journalist and diplomat.
0464020|Reims, (pop. 185,164; met. area pop. 206,362), is a fortified city of northern France.
0464040|Reincarnation is the belief that the soul survives after death and is reborn in the body of another person or some other living thing.
0464060|Reindeer is a kind of large deer that lives in the northernmost regions of Europe, Asia, and North America.
0464080|Reindeer Lake covers 2,444 square miles (6,330 square kilometers) in central Canada.
0464100|Reindeer moss is a type of lichen that grows in the Arctic and sometimes farther south.
0464120|Reiner, Fritz (1888-1963), was one of the great symphony orchestra and operatic conductors of his time.
0464160|Reinhardt, Max (1873-1943), was a theatrical producer and director.
0464220|Relapsing fever is an infectious disease that occurs chiefly in the tropics, often as an epidemic.
0464240|Relativity. Einstein's theory of relativity has caught the imagination of the average person more than any other physical theory in history.
0464280|Relief, in art, is sculpture in which the figures or designs project from their background.
0464360|Religion. No simple definition can describe the numerous religions in the world.
0464400|Religious education involves instruction in the beliefs of a particular religion.
0464440|Religious life is a term for a life bound by vows and may also include service to others.
0464500|Remarque, Erich Maria (1898-1970), a German-American author, wrote realistic, suspenseful novels about the horrors and effects of war.
0464520|Rembrandt, (1606-1669), was the Netherlands' greatest artist.
0464540|Remembrance Day is a Canadian holiday that honors the memory of the men and women who died in World Wars I and II and in the Korean War.
0464580|Remington, Frederic (1861-1909), was an American artist best known for his action-filled paintings, drawings, and sculptures of cowboys and Indians.
0464620|Remora is a fish with a sucker at the top of its head that it uses to attach itself to larger marine animals.
0464640|Remote control is the control of a system from a distance.
0464650|Remote sensing is a technique used to gather information about an object without actually touching it.
0464720|Renaissance was a great cultural movement that began in Italy during the early 1300's.
0464860|Reno, (pop. 133,850; met. area pop. 254,667), is a major tourist center and the second largest city in Nevada.
0464865|Reno, Janet (1938- ), became the first woman to serve as attorney general of the United States.
0464870|Reno, Marcus Albert (1834-1889), was a United States Army officer who became known for his role in the Battle of the Little Bighorn in Montana Territory in 1876.
0464875|Renoir, Jean (1894-1979), was a French motion-picture director.
0464880|Renoir, Pierre Auguste, (1841-1919), a French impressionist painter, is famous for his pictures of young girls and children, and intimate portraits of French middle-class life.
0464920|Rent commonly refers to a payment for the use of something, such as an apartment, a house, or a piece of land.
0465000|Repeal means wiping out a law already on the books.
0465010|Repetitive strain injury is any of a group of painful medical disorders caused by performing a similar activity over and over again.
0465100|Representative is the name for a member of the lower house of the Congress of the United States (the House of Representatives), or of the lower house of a state legislature.
0465160|Reprieve is the temporary suspension of a sentence passed on a criminal.
0465200|Reproduction is the process by which living things create more of their own kind.
0465205|Reproduction, Human, is the process by which human beings create more of their own kind.
0465220|Reptile is an animal that has dry, scaly skin and breathes by means of lungs.
0465280|Republic is any form of government whose leader or leaders are elected, usually for a specific term of office.
0465340|Republican Party is one of the two principal political parties of the United States.
0465480|Reserpine is a drug used to treat mild hypertension (high blood pressure).
0465520|Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC) trains students in schools, colleges, and universities to become officers in the United States armed services.
0465540|Reservoir is a place where large quantities of water are stored to be used for irrigation, power generation, water supply, and recreation.
0465620|Resin is any one of a class of natural substances used in varnishes, medicines, soaps, paints, and other applications.
0465640|Resin, Synthetic, is any one of a large group of chemical compounds that includes most of our common plastics.
0465740|Resorcinol is a compound used in making ointments, dyes, and other useful chemical compounds.
0465780|Respighi, Ottorino, (1879-1936), was one of the most successful Italian composers of the early 1900's.
0465800|Respiration is the process by which human beings and other living things obtain and use oxygen.
0465840|Respirator is a machine that helps a person breathe.
0465920|Restaurant is a business establishment that serves food and beverages to the public.
0465960|Restigouche River, forms part of the boundary between Quebec and New Brunswick.
0465980|Restoration was the period in English history that followed the return of the royal family, the House of Stuart, to the throne.
0466040|Resurrection is a religious belief that a dead person will return to life through the power of God.
0466060|Resurrection plant is the name of several different plants that can be dried, but turn green again when they are watered.
0466140|Retailing consists of all the activities that result in the offering for sale of merchandise or services to consumers for their own use.
0466160|Retainer is a formal agreement between a lawyer and a client in which the lawyer agrees to take the client's case.
0466340|Retriever is a hunting dog trained to retrieve (find and bring back) game that has been shot.
0466420|Reunion is an island in the Indian Ocean, about 400 miles (640 kilometers) east of Madagascar.
0466440|Reuter, Baron de (1816-1899), founded Reuters, one of the world's leading news services.
0466460|Reuters is one of the world's largest news services.
0466480|Reuther, Walter Philip (1907-1970), was president of the United Automobile Workers (UAW) from 1946 until his death in 1970.
0466540|Revelation, Book of, is the last book of the New Testament.
0466550|Revels, Hiram Rhodes (1822-1901), was the first African American to serve in the United States Senate.
0466610|Revenue sharing was a special form of United States government aid to state and local governments.
0466620|Revere, Massachusetts (pop. 42,786), is a residential and resort city 6 miles (10 kilometers) northeast of Boston.
0466640|Revere, Paul (1735-1818), was an American patriot who, in April 1775, carried news to Lexington of the approach of the British.
0466660|Reversing Falls of Saint John is a waterfall located in the St. John River at Saint John, New Brunswick, just before the river enters the Bay of Fundy.
0466730|Revivalism is an approach to religion that emphasizes individual religious experience rather than church doctrines.
0466740|Revolution is a term that generally refers to a fundamental change in the character of a nation's government.
0466800|Revolution of 1848 involved a series of uprisings in France, Germany, and the Austrian Empire, including parts of Italy.
0466820|Revolutionary War in America (1775-1783) led to the birth of a new nation--the United States.
0466873|Rexroth, Kenneth (1905-1982), was an American poet.
0466879|Reye's syndrome is a rare childhood disease of the liver and central nervous system.
0466880|Reykjavik, (pop. 99,623; met. area pop. 145,098), is the capital and largest city of Iceland.
0466940|Reynolds, Sir Joshua (1723-1792), was a great English portrait painter.
0466950|Reza Shah Pahlavi, (1878-1944), ruled Persia, which he renamed Iran, from 1925 to 1941.
0467000|Rh factor is a substance in the red blood cells of most people.
0467040|Rhapsody is a term used for a musical composition of a generally epic, heroic, or nationalistic nature.
0467080|Rhea is a large South American bird that cannot fly.
0467100|Rhea, in Greek mythology, was the wife and sister of Cronus, ruler of the race of gods and goddesses called Titans.
0467120|Rhee, Syngman, (1875-1965), a Korean statesman, served as the first president of the Republic of Korea from 1948 to 1960.
0467180|Rhenium is a rare, costly, silvery-white metal.
0467200|Rheostat is a device that increases or decreases the amount of resistance in an electric circuit.
0467210|Rhesus monkey is a monkey noted for its usefulness in medical and behavioral research.
0467240|Rheumatic fever is a disease that occurs primarily in children from 5 to 15 years old.
0467260|Rheumatism is a general term for disorders involving stiffness or pain in the muscles or joints.
0467270|Rheumatology is the study of diseases affecting the body's joints and their associated tissues, including the bones, muscles, tendons, cartilage, and ligaments.
0467300|Rhine River is the most important inland waterway in Europe.
0467310|Rhineland is a historic area in what is now western Germany.
0467320|Rhinitis is an inflammation of the mucous membranes that line the nose.
0467340|Rhinoceros is a huge animal that ranks as one of the largest land creatures.
0467420|Rhizome is a horizontal stem that grows at or just below the soil surface.
0467440|Rhode Island is the smallest state in the United States.
0467460|Rhode Island, University of, is a state-supported coeducational institution.
0467520|Rhodes is the largest of the Dodecanese Islands in the Aegean Sea.
0467540|Rhodes, Cecil John (1853-1902), was a British businessman and statesman.
0467590|Rhodes, John Jacob (1916- ), an Arizona Republican, served as minority leader of the United States House of Representatives from 1973 to 1981.
0467600|Rhodes Scholarship is an award that enables students from many countries to study at Oxford University in England.
0467620|Rhodesia and Nyasaland, Federation of, was a federated territory in central Africa from 1953 to 1963.
0467660|Rhodesian ridgeback is a medium-sized hound that originated in southern Africa.
0467680|Rhodium is a rare, silver-white, metallic element that serves mainly as a catalyst, a substance which increases the speed of a chemical reaction.
0467720|Rhododendron is the name of a group of trees and shrubs that belong to the heath family.
0467780|Rhomboid is a plane figure with two parallel sides of equal length, and the other two sides a different, but also equal, length.
0467800|Rhombus is a plane figure with two pairs of straight, parallel sides, all of equal length.
0467840|Rhone River is an important commercial waterway of France.
0467860|Rhubarb is one of the few perennial vegetables.
0467900|Rhyme, also spelled rime, means echoing or repeating sounds at the end of words.
0467920|Rhythm is the regular repetition of a beat, accent, or rise and fall in dance, music, and language.
0467940|Rhythm band describes a group of performers playing percussion instruments (instruments that produce musical tones when struck).
0467960|Rial is the basic monetary unit of Iran (formerly Persia), Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and Yemen.
0468000|Rib is any one of the 24 bones that enclose the chest in the human body.
0468040|Ribaut, Jean (1520?-1565), a French colonizer, led an expedition to America in 1562 to found a Huguenot colony.
0468060|Ribbentrop, Joachim von, (1893-1946), was Adolf Hitler's top diplomatic agent.
0468100|Ribbon Falls is a beautiful waterfall that looks like a narrow ribbon as it drops 1,612 feet (491 meters) in the Yosemite Valley in California's Yosemite National Park.
0468120|Ribbon worm is any of a group of worms with a slender, often flattened body and a long proboscis (snout).
0468140|Ribera, Jusepe de, (1588-1652), was a Spanish painter.
0468160|Ribicoff, Abraham A. (1910- ), a Connecticut Democrat, has served in many high government posts.
0468200|Ricardo, David (1772-1823), was the leading British economist of the early 1800's.
0468220|Rice is one of the world's most important food crops.
0468260|Rice, Elmer (1892-1967), was an American dramatist who championed moral, social, and personal freedom.
0468280|Rice, Grantland (1880-1954), was the first United States newspaperman to gain fame by writing about sports.
0468300|Rice, Henry Mower (1817-1894), was a frontier Indian trader, an Indian commissioner, and one of the first United States senators from Minnesota.
0468310|Rice, Jerry (1962- ), ranks among the greatest pass receivers in football history.
0468320|Rice University is a privately controlled, coeducational university in Houston, Tex.
0468370|Rich, Adrienne (1929- ), is one of the leading American poets of her generation as well as a major voice in the women's movement.
0468401|Richard I (1157-1199) was king of England from 1189 to 1199.
0468402|Richard II (1367-1400) was king of England from 1377 to 1399.
0468403|Richard III (1452-1485) was king of England from 1483 to 1485.
0468440|Richard, Maurice (1921- ), ranks among the leading goal scorers in National Hockey League (NHL) history.
0468540|Richards, I. A. (1893-1979), was an influential English literary critic and poet.
0468560|Richards, Laura Elizabeth Howe (1850-1943), an American author, wrote books for adults and nonsense verse and stories for children.
0468600|Richards, Sir William Buell, (1815-1889), a Canadian lawyer and statesman, served as the first chief justice of the Supreme Court of Canada from 1875 to 1879.
0468630|Richardson, Elliot Lee (1920- ), held four Cabinet offices, more than any other person in United States history.
0468640|Richardson, Henry Hobson (1838-1886), was the first American architect to achieve international fame.
0468720|Richardson, Samuel (1689-1761), an English writer, is considered one of the founding fathers of the novel.
0468740|Richelieu, Cardinal (1585-1642), served as prime minister of France from 1624 to 1642.
0468760|Richelieu River is a Canadian stream that flows through some of Quebec's most beautiful valleys.
0468810|Richler, Mordecai, (1931- ), is a Canadian novelist.
0468880|Richmond, Va. (pop. 203,056; met. area pop. 865,640), is the state capital and a major commercial, cultural, educational, and historical center.
0468900|Richmond, University of, is a private, liberal arts university in Richmond, Va.
0468920|Richmond Town is a historic area in the central part of Staten Island in New York City.
0468960|Richter, Conrad (1890-1968), was an American author known for his novels about pioneer life.
0468980|Richter, Hans (1843-1916), was a famous German orchestra conductor who helped popularize the operas of Richard Wagner.
0469010|Richter magnitude is a number that indicates the strength of an earthquake.
0469040|Rickenbacker, Eddie (1890-1973), was the leading United States air ace in World War I (1914-1918).
0469060|Rickets is a bone disease that occurs mostly in children.
0469100|Rickettsia is any of a group of microorganisms that cause certain infectious diseases in human beings.
0469120|Rickover, Hyman George (1900-1986), an American naval officer, pioneered in developing the U.S.S. Nautilus, the first nuclear-powered submarine.
0469160|Riddle is a question or statement that contains a deliberately hidden meaning.
0469190|Ride, Sally Kristen (1951- ), was a United States astronaut who became the first American woman to travel in space.
0469200|Rideau Canal is a Canadian waterway connecting the Ottawa River at Ottawa with Lake Ontario at Kingston.
0469300|Ridgway, Matthew Bunker (1895-1993), became the first United States Army officer to hold supreme commands in both the Pacific and Atlantic areas.
0469360|Ridley, Nicholas (1500?-1555), an English bishop, was a martyr of the Protestant Reformation.
0469380|Riel, Louis (1844-1885), led uprisings against the Canadian government in 1869-1870 and 1885.
0469420|Riemenschneider, Tilman (1460?-1531), was one of the best-known sculptors of his day in Germany.
0469500|Rifle is a gun with spiral grooves in its long barrel that spin the bullet as it is shot.
0469540|Riga, (pop. 875,000), is the capital and largest city of Latvia.
0469580|Rigel is a blue-white star in the southwest corner of the constellation Orion.
0469720|Right of search. Under international law, a nation at war has the right to visit and search merchant ships of neutral nations.
0469760|Right-to-work law provides that a person need not belong to a labor union to get or keep a job.
0469780|Right wing refers to a conservative, traditional group or political party.
0469820|Rights of Man, Declaration of the, is a French document that sets forth the principles of human liberty and the rights of individuals.
0469860|Riis, Jacob August (1849-1914), was an American journalist, photographer, and social reformer.
0469940|Riley, James Whitcomb (1849-1916), won fame as the Hoosier Poet.
0469960|Rilke, Rainer Maria, (1875-1926), was an important lyric poet in German literature and a major representative of the symbolism movement.
0469970|Rillieux, Norbert (1806-1894), an American engineer, revolutionized the sugar industry by making the first practical multiple-effect vacuum evaporator.
0469980|Rimbaud, Arthur, (1854-1891), was a French poet of extraordinary originality.
0470000|Rimsky-Korsakov, Nikolai (1844-1908), was a celebrated Russian composer and teacher.
0470020|Rinderpest, also called cattle plague, is a highly contagious, usually fatal disease of cattle and other members of the ox family.
0470040|Rinehart, Mary Roberts (1876-1958), was an American novelist and playwright.
0470080|Ring is a circular band made of metal or other material worn as jewelry.
0470110|Ringette is a team sport for girls and young women that is similar to ice hockey.
0470120|Ringling brothers were five brothers who founded the most famous circus in American entertainment history.
0470130|Ringtail is a small North American mammal of the raccoon family.
0470140|Ringworm is a general name for several kinds of skin diseases that are caused by tiny fungi.
0470160|Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (pop. 6,042,411; met. area pop. 11,205,567), is the second largest city of Brazil.
0470200|Rio de la Plata is an estuary, or funnel-shaped bay, on the southeastern coast of South America between Argentina and Uruguay.
0470240|Rio Grande, one of the longest rivers in North America, flows for 1,885 miles (3,034 kilometers) through the Southwestern United States.
0470260|Rio Grande Project is a federal flood-control, power, and irrigation project that extends along the Rio Grande from Elephant Butte Reservoir in southern New Mexico into southern Texas.
0470380|Riot is a noisy, violent outbreak of disorder by a group of people.
0470400|Rip Van Winkle is the title character of one of the most famous short stories in American literature.
0470420|Riparian rights are the legal rights of a landowner whose property borders or forms the bed of a stream or river.
0470460|Ripley, Robert LeRoy (1893-1949), was an American cartoonist who became internationally famous for his cartoon panel "Believe It or Not.
0470550|Rite of passage is a ceremony held by nearly all societies to observe a person's entry into a new stage of life.
0470580|Rittenhouse, David (1732-1796), was a leading American astronomer and maker of clocks and mathematical instruments.
0470630|Ritter, Tex (1907-1974), was an American country music singer and songwriter.
0470640|Ritty, James (1836-1918), an American restaurant owner, invented the cash register.
0470680|River is a large body of water that flows over land in a long channel.
0470700|River ... Some rivers, particularly those in the United Kingdom, have names starting with the word River, such as River Clyde.
0470710|River dolphin is a type of dolphin that lives in fresh or slightly salty water.
0470740|Rivera, Diego (1886-1957), was a Mexican artist.
0470790|Rivers, Larry (1923- ), is an American painter.
0470820|Riveting is a method of joining two metal plates with threadless aluminum, iron, or steel bolts called rivets.
0470860|Riviera is a narrow strip of land on the Mediterranean Sea.
0470880|Riyadh, (pop. 1,380,000), is the capital and largest city of Saudi Arabia.
0471060|Roach is a fish of the carp and minnow family that lives in slightly salty lowland rivers and lakes in Europe.
0471070|Road is a strip of land that provides routes for travel by automobiles and other wheeled vehicles.
0471100|Roadrunner is a swift, ground-dwelling bird found in the brushy deserts of the Southwestern United States and Mexico.
0471180|Roanoke, (pop. 97,397; met. area pop. 224,477), is a city on the Roanoke River in Virginia.
0471280|Roaring Twenties was the colorful decade of the 1920's in the United States.
0471320|Rob Roy (1671-1734) was a famous Scottish outlaw whose real name was Robert MacGregor.
0471400|Robbery means stealing money or goods from a person by violence or threats of immediate physical harm.
0471450|Robbins, Jerome (1918- ), is an American dancer and choreographer (dance creator).
0471500|Roberts, Sir Charles George Douglas (1860-1943), was a Canadian author.
0471560|Roberts, Owen Josephus (1875-1955), served as a justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1930 to 1945.
0471610|Robertson, Oscar (1938- ), became one of the greatest scorers and passers in basketball history.
0471620|Roberval, Sieur de, (1500?-1560), was a French nobleman and soldier and an explorer and colonizer in Canada.
0471640|Robeson, Paul (1898-1976), was a black American singer, actor, and political activist.
0471660|Robespierre, (1758-1794), was the most famous and controversial leader of the French Revolution (1789-1799).
0471700|Robin is a type of bird common to North America and Europe.
0471740|Robin Hood was a legendary English outlaw who stole from the rich and gave to the poor.
0471780|Robinson, Bill (1878-1949), was a popular black American tap-dancer.
0471790|Robinson, Eddie (1919- ), has coached his teams to more victories than any other coach in college football history.
0471840|Robinson, Edwin Arlington (1869-1935), an American poet, became best known for short poems in which he presents character studies.
0471860|Robinson, Frank (1935- ), became the first black manager of a major league baseball team when he managed the Cleveland Indians from 1975 to 1977.
0471880|Robinson, Jackie (1919-1972), was the first black person to play modern major league baseball.
0471900|Robinson, James Harvey (1863-1936), was an American historian and educator.
0471910|Robinson, Joan Violet (1903-1983), was a British economist whose theories have significantly influenced economic thought.
0471920|Robinson, Joseph Taylor (1872-1937), was the Democratic candidate for Vice President of the United States in 1928.
0471970|Robinson, Sugar Ray (1921-1989), won fame as one of the greatest boxers in history.
0471980|Robinson Crusoe is an imaginary story about a merchant-adventurer marooned on a desert island off the northern coast of South America.
0472000|Robot is a mechanical device that operates automatically.
0472060|Rochambeau, Comte de, (1725-1807), a French general, came to America in 1780 with French troops to serve under General George Washington in the Revolutionary War.
0472200|Rochester, N.Y. (pop. 231,636; met. area pop. 1,062,470), is a major manufacturing center of the United States.
0472260|Rock is the hard, solid part of the earth.
0472370|Rock music is one of the world's most popular and adaptable musical forms.
0472501|Rockefeller, John Davison (1839-1937), was an American businessman.
0472503|Rockefeller, John Davison, Jr. (1874-1960), was the only son of the wealthy American businessman John D. Rockefeller.
0472504|Rockefeller, John Davison, III (1906-1978), served as chairman of the board of trustees of the Rockefeller Foundation from 1952 to 1971.
0472509|Rockefeller, John Davison, IV (1937- ), was elected a United States senator from West Virginia in 1984.
0472520|Rockefeller, Nelson Aldrich (1908-1979), served as Vice President of the United States from 1974 to 1977.
0472540|Rockefeller Foundation is a philanthropic organization chartered in 1913.
0472580|Rocket is a type of engine that can produce more power for its size than any other kind of engine.
0472585|Rocket was the first steam locomotive built along the lines of modern steam engines.
0472590|Rocket, Model, is a miniature rocket patterned after military or space rockets.
0472660|Rockford (pop. 139,426; met. area pop. 329,676) is a manufacturing center and the second largest city in Illinois.
0472740|Rockne, Knute, (1888-1931), was an American college coach.
0472780|Rockwell, Norman (1894-1978), was an American illustrator.
0472840|Rocky Mountain National Park, a mountain playground in northern Colorado, is one of the most magnificent sections of the Rocky Mountains.
0472880|Rocky Mountain spotted fever is a serious disease that is often fatal.
0472900|Rocky Mountain States are Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Utah, and Wyoming.
0472920|Rocky Mountains are the largest mountain system in North America.
0472940|Rococo is a style of art that flourished in western Europe from about 1700 to 1780.
0472980|Rod is a unit of distance in the inch-pound system of measurement customarily used in the United States.
0473000|Rodent is an animal with front teeth especially suited to gnawing hard objects.
0473020|Rodeo is a sport that combines the skills of cowboys and cowgirls with the color and spirit of the Old West.
0473040|Rodgers, Jimmie (1897-1933), was a country music performer.
0473060|Rodgers, Richard (1902-1979), became famous as a composer for the American musical theater.
0473080|Rodin, Auguste, (1840-1917), a French sculptor, is often considered the greatest sculptor of the 1800's.
0473100|Rodney, Caesar, (1728-1784), an American statesman, was a Delaware signer of the Declaration of Independence.
0473110|Rodo, Jose Enrique, (1872?-1917), was a Uruguayan thinker and essayist.
0473190|Roe v. Wade was a 1973 landmark case in which the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that state laws could not forbid a woman to have an abortion during the first three months of pregnancy.
0473260|Roentgen, Wilhelm Conrad (1845-1923), a German physicist, in 1901 won the first Nobel Prize in physics for his discovery of X rays.
0473270|Roethke, Theodore (1908-1963), an American poet, received the Pulitzer Prize for poetry in 1954 for The Waking: Poems 1933-1953.
0473320|Rogers, Carl Ransom (1902-1987), was an American psychologist.
0473350|Rogers, Roy (1911- ), was a popular star of Western motion pictures known as the "King of the Cowboys.
0473380|Rogers, Will (1879-1935), was an American humorist and social critic.
0473420|Rogers' Rangers were frontier scouts who served with the British Army during the French and Indian War (1754-1763).
0473460|Roget, Peter Mark (1779-1869), was a British physician and scholar.
0473470|Rogun Dam, in Tajikistan, is the highest dam in the world.
0473560|Roland was the greatest of the legendary knights who served the medieval king Charlemagne.
0473580|Roland de la Platiere, Marie Jeanne (1754-1793), known as Madame Roland, was a political adviser and hostess to the Girondist group during the French Revolution (1789-1799).
0473600|Role playing is a method of teaching and learning.
0473620|Rolfe, John (1585-1622), was an early English settler in Jamestown, Virginia.
0473660|Rolland, Romain, (1866-1944), a French author, won the 1915 Nobel Prize for literature.
0473680|Roller is the name of 12 species of brightly colored birds that live in Africa, Europe, and Asia.
0473690|Roller coaster is a thrill ride found in amusement and theme parks.
0473720|Roller skating is a form of recreation and a sport in which people glide on wheeled boots called roller skates.
0473770|Rolling Stones are a popular English rock band.
0473900|Roman Catholic Church is the largest body of Christians in the world.
0474040|Roman numerals are symbols that stand for numbers.
0474060|Roman walls were barriers that the Romans built where no natural territorial boundaries existed.
0474080|Romance is a long work of fiction that is less realistic than a novel.
0474100|Romance languages are a group of languages that developed from Latin and are spoken in places that were once part of the Roman Empire.
0474120|Romanesque architecture was the prevailing architectural movement in western Europe from about A.D. 800 to the 1100's.
0474160|Romania, also spelled Rumania, is a country in eastern Europe.
0474180|Romanov was the name of the family that ruled Russia from 1613 to 1917.
0474190|Romanov, Grigoriy Vasilyevich, (1923- ), was a leading official of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
0474200|Romans, Epistle to the, the sixth book of the New Testament, is a letter from the apostle Paul to the Christians in Rome.
0474260|Romanticism is a style in the fine arts and literature.
0474300|Romberg, Sigmund (1887-1951), was a famous composer of operettas.
0474320|Rome is the capital of Italy and one of the world's great historic cities.
0474340|Rome, New York (pop. 44,350), is a historic city in the central part of the state.
0474350|Rome, Ancient. The story of ancient Rome is a tale of how a small community of shepherds in central Italy grew to become one of the greatest empires in history--and then collapsed.
0474360|Rome, University of, is the largest university in Italy.
0474410|Romero, Oscar Arnulfo (1917-1980), served as archbishop of El Salvador from 1977 until his death.
0474420|Rommel, Erwin (1891-1944), a German field marshal, was one of the most brilliant generals of World War II.
0474480|Romulo, Carlos Pena, (1899-1985), a Filipino diplomat and author, served as Philippine secretary (later minister) of foreign affairs from 1965 to 1984.
0474500|Romulus and Remus, in Roman mythology, were twin brothers who founded the city of Rome.
0474560|Rondo is a form of musical composition in which the principal section or theme is repeated at least three times in the same key.
0474580|Ronsard, Pierre de, (1524-1585), often called the Prince of Poets, led an influential group of French poets called the Pleiade.
0474620|Roof is the cover of any building.
0474680|Rook, also called Eurasian rook, is a bird found in Europe and Asia.
0474780|Roosevelt, Eleanor (1884-1962), the wife of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, became a distinguished public figure in her own right.
0474800|Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, (1882-1945), served as President for more than 12 years, longer than any other person.
0474820|Roosevelt, Nicholas J. (1767-1854), was an American inventor and engineer.
0474860|Roosevelt, Theodore (1858-1919), was the youngest man ever to become President of the United States.
0474880|Roosevelt, Theodore, Jr. (1887-1944), was the oldest son of President Theodore Roosevelt.
0474890|Roosevelt Campobello International Park, covers about 2,800 acres (1,100 hectares) on Campobello Island in New Brunswick, Canada.
0474900|Roosevelt Dam is part of the Salt River irrigation project in south-central Arizona.
0474980|Root, in arithmetic, is a quantity that yields a given quantity when it is taken as a factor a specified number of times (see FACTOR ).
0475000|Root is one of the three main organs of a plant.
0475020|Root, Elihu (1845-1937), an American statesman, is best remembered for his efforts to assure international peace.
0475030|Root, John Wellborn (1850-1891), was one of the most important architects of the Chicago School.
0475080|Rope consists of strands of yarn or wire that have been twisted together.
0475260|Rosario, (pop. 1,079,359), is the third largest city in Argentina.
0475280|Rosary is a string of beads used as an aid to memory and concentration while praying.
0475360|Roscius, Quintus, (126? -62? B.C.), a Roman actor, was so famous in his day that his name came to stand for "great actor.
0475380|Rose is one of the most beautiful of all flowers.
0475385|Rose, Ernestine Potowski (1810-1892), was a leading reformer in the United States during the mid-1800's.
0475390|Rose, Sir John (1820-1888), was Canadian minister of finance from 1867 to 1869, during the first term of Prime Minister John A. Macdonald.
0475400|Rose, Pete (1941- ), was one of baseball's all-time leading hitters and most exciting players.
0475460|Rose chafer, often called the rose bug, is a beetle about 1/3 inch (8 millimeters) long.
0475520|Rose of Lima, Saint (1586-1617), was the first person born in the Western Hemisphere to be canonized (declared a saint) by the Roman Catholic Church.
0475540|Rose of Sharon, also called Althaea, is a large hibiscus shrub with lovely rose, purple, white, or blue flowers about 3 inches (8 centimeters) wide.
0475580|Rose water is a clear, colorless solution made from fresh rose flowers and used in making perfumes and certain medicines.
0475610|Roseau, (pop. 11,000), is the capital and largest city of Dominica, an island country in the Caribbean Sea.
0475620|Rosecrans, William Starke (1819-1898), was a Union general in the American Civil War (1861-1865).
0475660|Rosemary is an evergreen shrub of the mint family noted for the fragrance of its leaves.
0475700|Rosenberg, Alfred (1893-1946), was the philosopher of the German Nazi movement.
0475720|Rosenberg, Julius and Ethel, were American citizens, husband and wife, who were executed for spying for the Soviet Union during World War II (1939-1945).
0475760|Rosenquist, James Albert (1933- ), is an American painter who came to prominence as a member of the pop art movement in the 1960's.
0475840|Rosetta stone, gave the world the key to the long-forgotten language of ancient Egypt.
0475880|Rosewood is the name of several kinds of wood used to make knife handles, brush handles, and ornamental furniture.
0475900|Rosh Ha-Shanah is the Jewish New Year celebration.
0475940|Rosicrucian Order is an international nonsectarian fraternity that studies the higher principles of life as expressed in humanity and nature.
0475960|Rosin is resin derived from several varieties of North American and European pine trees.
0476000|Ross, Betsy (1752-1836), was a seamstress who made flags in Philadelphia at the time of the Revolutionary War in America (1775-1783).
0476020|Ross, Edmund Gibson (1826-1907), was an American statesman.
0476040|Ross, George (1730-1779), a Pennsylvania lawyer, signed the Declaration of Independence.
0476060|Ross, Harold Wallace (1892-1951), founded The New Yorker magazine and edited it for 26 years, until his death.
0476080|Ross, Sir James Clark (1800-1862), was a British polar explorer.
0476120|Ross, John (1790-1866), was the principal chief of the Cherokee Indians from 1828 to 1866.
0476140|Ross, Nellie Tayloe (1876-1977), an American politician and public official, was the first woman governor in the United States.
0476200|Ross Dam was built in a narrow gorge of the Skagit River north of Seattle, Wash.
0476220|Ross Dependency is a wedge-shaped section of Antarctica that includes Ross Sea, Ross Ice Shelf, and McMurdo Sound.
0476260|Rossetti, Christina Georgina (1830-1894), was a gifted English poet.
0476280|Rossetti, Dante Gabriel, (1828-1882), was one of the most famous English poets and painters of the 1800's.
0476300|Rossini, Gioacchino Antonio, (1792-1868), was perhaps the most popular and important Italian opera composer during the first half of the 1800's.
0476340|Rostand, Edmond, (1868-1918), was a French playwright best known for his fourth play, Cyrano de Bergerac (1897).
0476360|Rostock, (pop. 242,729), is a German seaport and industrial center on the Baltic Sea.
0476380|Rostov-on-Don, also called Rostov, (pop. 983,000), is one of Russia's most important cities.
0476390|Rostropovich, Mstislav, (1927- ), is one of the world's great cello players.
0476410|Roszak, Theodore (1907-1981), was an American sculptor.
0476420|Rot is a symptom of many plant diseases in which the plant decays.
0476450|Rotary engine is a type of internal-combustion engine that uses a rotor (rotating part) instead of a piston.
0476460|Rotary International is the worldwide association of all Rotary clubs.
0476560|Rotenone is a poisonous substance taken from the root of the derris and cube plants.
0476562|Roth, Henry (1906- ), is an American author known for his novel Call It Sleep (1934).
0476565|Roth, Mark (1951- ), is one of the greatest professional bowlers in the history of the sport.
0476570|Roth, Philip (1933- ), is an American novelist and short-story writer.
0476577|Rothko, Mark (1903-1970), an American painter, was a leader of the abstract expressionist movement.
0476580|Rothschild is the name of a German family that founded a famous banking firm in the late 1700's.
0476600|Rotifer is a type of tiny multicellular animal that lives in water.
0476700|Rotterdam, (pop. 558,832; met. area pop. 1,025,580), is the second largest city in the Netherlands.
0476720|Rottweiler is a muscular dog with short, coarse black hair.
0476740|Rouault, Georges, (1871-1958), was a French artist.
0476760|Rouen, (pop. 105,470; met. area pop. 380,161), is a city in France that is both a major industrial center and a treasure house of artistic masterpieces.
0476840|Rough Riders is the nickname for a famous American regiment that fought in Cuba under Theodore Roosevelt's leadership during the Spanish-American War of 1898.
0476850|Roughy is the name of a group of fish that live in temperate oceans throughout the world.
0476860|Roulette is a popular game in gambling casinos.
0476940|Round Table was the table at which King Arthur, the legendary British ruler, sat with his knights.
0477020|Roundworm, also called nematode, is any of more than 10,000 species of worms.
0477050|Rous, Francis Peyton, (1879-1970), an American medical researcher, proved that viruses cause some types of cancer.
0477060|Rousseau, Henri, (1844-1910), was a French artist who painted some of the most unusual pictures in early modern art.
0477080|Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, (1712-1778), was a French philosopher.
0477180|Rowan, Andrew Summers (1857-1943), a U.S. Army lieutenant, brought information about the military situation in Cuba to the U.S. government from the Cuban rebel General Calixto Garcia Iniguez in 1898.
0477200|Rowan, Carl Thomas (1925- ), an American journalist, was director of the United States Information Agency (USIA) in 1964 and 1965.
0477260|Rowing is the act of propelling a boat with oars.
0477280|Rowland, Henry Augustus (1848-1901), was an American physicist.
0477300|Roxas y Acuna, Manuel, (1892-1948), served as the first president of the Philippine Republic, after it received its independence from the United States on July 4, 1946.
0477320|Roy, Gabrielle (1909-1983), was a French-Canadian novelist.
0477330|Roy, Maurice Cardinal (1905-1985), a Canadian religious leader, was named a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church in 1965 by Pope Paul VI.
0477360|Royal Academy of Arts is an association of artists in London.
0477450|Royal Canadian Legion is the largest veterans' organization in Canada.
0477460|Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) is the national law enforcement department of Canada.
0477510|Royal Dutch/Shell Group is one of the world's major industrial enterprises.
0477520|Royal Geographical Society is a British organization composed of people interested in geographical education and discoveries.
0477540|Royal Gorge is a canyon of the Arkansas River, extending about 10 miles (16 kilometers) from Canon City, Colo.
0477590|Royal Household of the United Kingdom includes officials who conduct the private business of the monarch and supervise court life.
0477600|Royal Institution is a scientific society founded in England in 1799.
0477660|Royal Military College of Canada is a university in Kingston, Ont., that trains young men and women to become officers in the Canadian Armed Forces.
0477700|Royal palm is a tall, graceful tree common in tropical America.
0477720|Royal Society is the world's oldest continuously existing scientific organization.
0477740|Royal Society of Canada is a national organization that promotes learning and research in the arts and sciences.
0477790|Royall, Anne Newport (1769-1854), was an early American newspaperwoman.
0477840|Royce, Josiah, (1855-1916), an American philosopher, was the leading representative of a movement that was called idealism.
0477880|Ruanda-Urundi was a European-controlled territory in east-central Africa from 1896 to 1962.
0477900|Rubaiyat is the shortened form of The Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam.
0477920|Rubber is one of our most interesting and most important raw materials.
0477940|Rubber plant is the common name for a house plant that is really a kind of fig.
0477980|Rubella is a common contagious disease that most frequently affects children.
0478020|Rubens, Peter Paul (1577-1640), was the greatest Flemish painter of the 1600's.
0478040|Rubicon is a stream near Rimini, Italy, that Julius Caesar made famous when he was governor of Gaul.
0478060|Rubidium is a soft, silvery-white metallic element.
0478070|Rubin, Robert Edward (1938- ), became United States secretary of the treasury under President Bill Clinton in 1995.
0478080|Rubinstein, Anton Gregor, (1829-1894), was a Russian pianist and composer.
0478100|Rubinstein, Arthur (1887-1982), was a Polish-born concert pianist.
0478140|Ruble, also spelled rouble, is the monetary unit of Russia and Tajikistan.
0478160|Ruby is the red gem variety of the mineral corundum.
0478260|Rudolph, Paul (1918- ), is an American architect.
0478280|Rudolph, Wilma (1940-1994), was an American athlete.
0478300|Ruff is a sandpiper native to the Eastern Hemisphere.
0478320|Ruffed grouse is a thickly feathered grouse of North America.
0478330|Ruffin, Edmund (1794-1865), was a noted Virginia agriculturist and a strong supporter of slavery.
0478360|Rugby football is a fast contact sport played by two teams.
0478380|Rugby School is a famous English public school founded in 1567 at Rugby, England.
0478420|Rugs and carpets are fabrics used as floor coverings.
0478440|Ruhr is a coal-mining and industrial region in western Germany.
0478460|Ruhr River, rises in Westphalia, Germany, and flows 144 miles (232 kilometers) through the famous industrial region of the Ruhr Valley.
0478480|Ruisdael, Jacob van, (1628?-1682), was the greatest Dutch landscape painter of his time.
0478510|Ruiz, Juan (1283?-1350?), ranks among Spain's important poets on the strength of a single known work.
0478520|Ruiz Cortines, Adolfo (1891-1973), served as president of Mexico from 1952 to 1958.
0478640|Rumba, also spelled rhumba, is a Latin ballroom dance that originated in Africa and achieved its modern form in Cuba.
0478700|Ruminant is the name given to a grazing animal that has a highly specialized digestive system and split hoofs.
0478760|Rump Parliament was a name given the English Parliament during the civil war in the mid-1600's.
0478820|Rune is any one of the characters of the earliest written alphabet used by the Germanic peoples of Europe.
0478860|Running is a vigorous form of exercise and a popular sport.
0478880|Runnymede is a meadow in England on the south bank of the River Thames, about 36 miles (58 kilometers) southwest of London.
0478900|Runyon, Damon (1884-1946), was an American short-story writer and journalist.
0478920|Rupee is the chief monetary unit of India and the basic unit in India's decimal currency system.
0478960|Rupp, Adolph (1901-1977), was one of the top college basketball coaches in the United States.
0479010|Rural delivery is a service that provides mail delivery to rural and suburban communities throughout the United States.
0479020|Rural Electrification Administration (REA) was an agency of the United States Department of Agriculture from 1935 to 1994.
0479100|Rush is the common name for a group of grasslike plants that generally grow in marshes and meadows, and sometimes in standing water.
0479120|Rush, Benjamin (1745-1813), was an American physician and a prominent figure in the public life of his time.
0479220|Rusk, Dean (1909-1994), served as United States secretary of state from 1961 to 1969 under Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson.
0479240|Ruskin, John (1819-1900), was probably the most influential English critic of the 1800's.
0479280|Russell, Bertrand (1872-1970), was a British philosopher and mathematician.
0479290|Russell, Bill (1934- ), became one of the finest defensive players in basketball history.
0479300|Russell, Charles Marion (1864-1926), was an American painter and sculptor famous for his scenes of cowboys and life in the West.
0479320|Russell, George William (1867-1935), was an Irish poet, painter, and journalist.
0479340|Russell, Henry Norris (1877-1957), an American astronomer, influenced the growth of theoretical astrophysics in the United States.
0479350|Russell, Lord John (1792-1878), served as prime minister of Britain from 1846 to 1852 and in 1865 and 1866.
0479360|Russell, Lillian (1861-1922), an American actress and singer, was the ideal of feminine beauty in the late 1800's.
0479370|Russell, Richard Brevard (1897-1971), a Georgia Democrat, became one of the most influential people in the United States Senate.
0479420|Russell Cave National Monument lies near Bridgeport, Ala.
0479440|Russell family became one of England's most famous families.
0479480|Russia is the world's largest country in area.
0479540|Russian language is one of the world's most important languages.
0479560|Russian literature includes some of the greatest masterpieces ever written.
0479680|Russo-Finnish wars. During World War II, the Soviet Union and Finland fought each other in two wars.
0479700|Russo-Japanese War brought recognition to Japan as a major power of the world.
0479720|Russo-Turkish wars were a series of conflicts between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire, which was based in what is now Turkey.
0479730|Russwurm, John Brown (1799-1851), was an early spokesman against slavery and an important figure in a black American "back-to-Africa" movement.
0479740|Rust is the common name of a group of diseases caused by fungi that are parasites on plants.
0479760|Rust is a brownish-red substance that forms on the surface of iron or steel when it is exposed to damp air.
0479790|Rustin, Bayard, (1910-1987), was an American civil rights leader.
0479820|Rutabaga is a plant with an edible root that tastes like a turnip.
0479840|Rutgers The State University of New Jersey has its main campus in New Brunswick, New Jersey.
0479880|Ruth, Babe (1895-1948), was the first great home run hitter in baseball history.
0479890|Ruth, Book of, is a book of the Hebrew Bible, or Old Testament.
0479900|Ruthenia is a historic region in Ukraine.
0479940|Ruthenium is a rare, silver-white metallic element.
0479980|Rutherford, Ernest (1871-1937), a British physicist, established the nuclear model of the atom in 1911.
0480040|Rutland (pop. 18,230) is the second largest city in Vermont.
0480061|Rutledge, Ann (1813-1835), became famous as Abraham Lincoln's first sweetheart.
0480062|Rutledge, Edward (1749-1800), a lawyer and statesman, was a South Carolina signer of the Declaration of Independence.
0480080|Rutledge, John (1739-1800), was a South Carolina signer of the Constitution of the United States.
0480100|Rutskoi, Alexander Vladimirovich, (1947- ), served as vice president of Russia from 1991 to 1993.
0480200|Rwanda is a small country in east-central Africa, just south of the equator.
0480205|Ryan, Nolan (1947- ), ranks among the greatest pitchers in baseball history.
0480220|Ryder, Albert Pinkham (1847-1917), is considered one of the most original of American painters.
0480240|Rye is a cereal grain similar to wheat and barley.
0480260|Rye House Plot was a scheme concocted by radical members of the English Whig Party in 1682 and 1683.
0480340|Ryukyu Islands are a group of more than 100 islands in the North Pacific Ocean that belong to Japan.
0480360|S is the 19th letter in our alphabet.
0480380|Saadi, (1213?-1292), was a famous Persian author who wrote many works in both prose and poetry.
0480420|Saar is a state in Germany on the Franco-German border.
0480442|Saarinen, Eero, (1910-1961), was an American architect noted for his daring use of sculptural form.
0480445|Saarinen, Eliel, (1873-1950), was a Finnish-born architect.
0480560|Sabbath is the rest day of the Jews.
0480620|Saber-toothed cat, also called saber-toothed tiger, was a catlike prehistoric animal.
0480640|Sabin, Albert Bruce (1906-1993), an American medical researcher, developed the oral polio vaccine.
0480660|Sabin, Florence Rena, (1871-1953), an American scientist, did important research in human embryology.
0480680|Sabines were a people who lived in ancient Italy.
0480740|Sable is a small animal in the weasel family.
0480760|Sable Island is a small island in the Atlantic Ocean, about 100 miles (160 kilometers) southeast of the coast of Nova Scotia.
0480780|Sabotage is any means of deliberately wasting or damaging the tools, machinery, or production of an employer or government.
0480840|Sacagawea, (1787?-1812), was a Shoshone Indian woman who accompanied the Lewis and Clark expedition in 1805 and 1806.
0480860|Saccharides are carbohydrates--one of the three main classes of food.
0480900|Saccharin is a synthetic sweetener.
0480920|Sacco-Vanzetti case, was a controversial murder trial held in Massachusetts in 1921.
0480970|Sachs, Nelly (1891-1970), was a German-born Jewish poet and dramatist.
0481000|Sackville-West, Victoria Mary (1892-1962), was an English writer whose books reflect her aristocratic, country family background.
0481040|Sacrament, in Christianity, is a solemn observance.
0481060|Sacramento, (pop. 369,365; met. area pop. 1,340,010), is the capital of California and the commercial center of a rich farming region.
0481080|Sacramento River is the longest river in California.
0481260|Sacrifice is a religious ceremony in which something is given to a god or the gods, thus becoming "holy.
0481330|Sadat, Anwar el-, (1918-1981), was president of Egypt from 1970 until his death in 1981.
0481340|Saddle is a seat used by a rider on a horse.
0481360|Sadducees were members of a religious group of Jews that was active in Judea, in Palestine, until A.D. 70.
0481370|Sade, Marquis de (1740-1814), was a controversial French novelist and essayist.
0481440|Safari is an organized trip to hunt or photograph wild animals, usually in Africa.
0481450|Safdie, Moshe, (1938- ), is a Canadian architect and urban designer.
0481480|Safety is freedom from harm or the danger of harm.
0481580|Safety lamp is a lamp designed to warn coal miners of the presence of firedamp, a gas that can cause destructive mine explosions.
0481660|Safety valve is attached to a steam boiler to release some of the steam if the pressure becomes higher than the boiler can safely stand.
0481680|Safflower is a plant grown chiefly for the oil obtained from its seeds.
0481720|Saffron is a yellow dye and a food flavoring.
0481740|Saga is the name given to a large body of literature written in Iceland between the 1100's and the 1300's.
0481745|Sagan, Carl Edward (1934- ), is an American astronomer, author, and educator.
0481760|Sage is the name of more than 750 species of herbs and shrubs.
0481770|Sage, Margaret Olivia Slocum (1828-1918), was an American philanthropist.
0481840|Sagebrush is a shrub known for its sweet odor and bitter taste.
0481880|Saginaw, (pop. 69,512; met. area pop. 399,320), is a manufacturing city in eastern Michigan.
0481900|Sagittarius is the ninth sign of the zodiac.
0481920|Sago is a starch found in the spongy center, or pith, of various tropical palm trees.
0481940|Saguaro is the largest cactus of the United States.
0481965|Saguaro National Park is in southern Arizona, east of Tucson.
0481980|Saguenay River is an important waterway in southern Quebec.
0482000|Sahara is the world's largest desert.
0482010|Sahel is a dry grassland in Africa.
0482100|Sailfish is a large fish that has a large dorsal fin that spreads out like a sail.
0482120|Sailing is an exciting water sport.
0482200|Saint is a holy person who becomes a religious hero by exemplifying a virtue or virtues of his or her religion.
0482300|Saint Andrews lies on the east coast of Scotland between the cities of Edinburgh and Dundee.
0482320|Saint Andrews, New Brunswick (pop. 1,652), is often called Saint Andrews-by-the-Sea.
0482500|Saint Augustine, Fla. (pop. 11,692), is the oldest permanent settlement established in the United States by Europeans.
0482540|Saint Bartholomew's Day, Massacre of, was a slaughter of French Huguenots (Protestants).
0482600|Saint Bernard is a large, intelligent dog that became famous for rescuing lost travelers.
0482620|Saint Bernard Passes are two high passes across the Alps.
0482760|Saint Christopher and Nevis is a country in the Caribbean Sea that consists of two islands.
0482780|Saint Clair, Arthur (1736-1818), was a Scottish-American soldier and statesman.
0482840|Saint Cloud (pop. 48,812; met. area pop. 148,976) is a commercial center in the middle of Minnesota.
0482890|Saint Croix Island International Historic Site, on the Canadian border in eastern Maine, is the site of one of the first French settlements in North America.
0482940|Saint Denis, Ruth (1879-1968), was an American dancer, dance teacher, and choreographer (creator of dance).
0483000|Saint Elias Mountains are a rugged series of the world's highest coastal mountains.
0483040|Saint Elmo's fire is the glow that accompanies a steady discharge of electricity from certain objects.
0483060|Saint-Exupery, Antoine de, (1900-1944), a French aviator, created the literature of aviation in France.
0483220|Saint-Gaudens, Augustus (1848-1907), was a famous American sculptor.
0483270|Saint George's (pop. 7,500) is the capital, chief port, and commercial and administrative center of Grenada, an island nation in the Windward Islands of the West Indies.
0483320|Saint-Germain, Treaty of, was signed by the Allied powers and the Republic of Austria on Sept. 10, 1919, after the defeat of Austria-Hungary in World War I (1914-1918).
0483340|Saint Gotthard Pass is a famous mountain pass in the Alps in south-central Switzerland.
0483360|Saint Gotthard tunnels are two tunnels--one a highway tunnel and the other a railroad tunnel--that run through the Alps in south-central Switzerland.
0483380|Saint Helena is a British island in the Atlantic Ocean.
0483420|Saint James's Palace is a royal mansion in London, England.
0483460|Saint John (pop. 74,969; met. area pop. 124,981) is the largest city and leading industrial center of New Brunswick.
0483500|Saint John, Order of, is a nondenominational Christian order devoted to the relief of human suffering.
0483560|Saint John River is the main waterway of New Brunswick, Canada.
0483600|Saint John's (pop. 95,770; met. area pop. 171,859), is the capital and largest city of Newfoundland.
0483740|Saint-John's-wort, also called hypericum, is the name of a group of about 300 species of herbs and shrubs with large yellow flowers.
0483780|Saint Joseph (pop. 71,852; met. area pop. 97,715) is a historic city and agricultural trading center in northwestern Missouri.
0483980|Saint Laurent, Louis Stephen (1882-1973), served as prime minister of Canada from 1948 to 1957.
0483990|Saint Laurent, Yves, (1936- ), became perhaps the most influential fashion designer of the late 1900's.
0484040|Saint Lawrence River is one of the most important rivers of North America and the second longest river in Canada.
0484060|Saint Lawrence Seaway is a major commercial waterway that links the Atlantic Ocean and the Great Lakes.
0484080|Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation is an agency of the United States Department of Transportation.
0484120|Saint Lazarus, Order of, was a Christian religious organization of knights and nurses founded in Jerusalem about 1120.
0484140|Saint Leger, Barry (1737-1789), a British soldier, fought against the Americans in the Revolutionary War (1775-1783).
0484160|Saint Louis is the second largest city in Missouri and a leading industrial and transportation center of the United States.
0484200|Saint Lucia is an island country in the West Indies.
0484240|Saint Mark, Basilica of, is the Roman Catholic cathedral of Venice, Italy.
0484500|Saint Marys River carries the waters of Lake Superior into Lake Huron.
0484720|Saint Moritz (pop. 5,263), is a famous resort town in the Alps of eastern Switzerland.
0484740|Saint Nicholas, Feast of, is a children's festival celebrated on December 6, the feast day of Saint Nicholas.
0484800|Saint Patrick's Cathedral is the seat of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York.
0484840|Saint Patrick's Day is celebrated on March 17th, the feast day of Saint Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland.
0484880|Saint Paul (pop. 272,235) is the capital and second largest city of Minnesota.
0484970|Saint Peter's Basilica, also called St. Peter's Church, in Vatican City, is the world's largest Christian church.
0485020|Saint Petersburg (pop. 4,468,000; met. area pop. 5,020,000), formerly Leningrad, is Russia's second largest city.
0485040|Saint Petersburg, Fla. (pop. 238,629), is a popular resort city and retirement center.
0485060|Saint-Pierre and Miquelon are two small French islands about 10 miles (16 kilometers) south of Newfoundland.
0485140|Saint-Saens, Camille, (1835-1921), was a French composer.
0485180|Saint-Simon, Comte de, (1760-1825), was a founder of French socialism.
0485410|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is a small island country in the West Indies.
0485500|Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupre is a Roman Catholic shrine in Montmorency County, Quebec.
0485520|Sainte-Beuve, Charles Augustin, (1804-1869), a French critic, was the greatest exponent of the biographical method of literary criticism.
0485600|Saipan is the capital and largest island of the Northern Mariana Islands, in the central Pacific Ocean.
0485680|Sakhalin is a long island of Russia, off the east coast of the country's mainland.
0485690|Sakharov, Andrei Dmitriyevich, (1921-1989), was a Soviet physicist who gained prominence for his research on controlled thermonuclear reactions.
0485780|Saladin, (1138-1193), was the best-known Muslim warrior of the 1100's.
0485800|Salamander is a timid, harmless animal that looks like a lizard but is related to frogs and toads.
0485820|Salamis is a Greek island in the Saronic Gulf, about 10 miles (16 kilometers) west of Athens.
0485860|Salazar, Antonio de Oliveira, (1889-1970), served as dictator of Portugal from 1933 to 1968.
0485900|Salem, Mass. (pop. 38,091), is one of New England's most historic cities.
0485920|Salem, (pop. 107,786; met. area pop. 278,024), is the state capital and one of the largest cities of Oregon.
0485930|Salem, Peter (1750?-1816), was a former black slave who fought in the Battle of Bunker Hill.
0485960|Salem witchcraft trials were trials that resulted from the largest witch hunt in American history.
0486080|Sales tax is levied on the sale of goods and services.
0486120|Salesmanship is the ability to sell goods and services.
0486180|Salic law was a set of laws used in Europe during the Middle Ages.
0486220|Salicylic acid, belongs to a group of chemical compounds used as drugs to reduce fever and pain.
0486230|Salinas de Gortari, Carlos (1948- ), was president of Mexico from 1988 to 1994.
0486260|Salinger, J. D. (1919- ), an American author, became famous for his novel The Catcher in the Rye (1951).
0486300|Salisbury lies about 80 miles (130 kilometers) southwest of London, in southern England.
0486360|Salisbury, Marquess of (1830-1903), was a distinguished British statesman who was prime minister three times.
0486410|Salish Indians are certain related groups of North American Indians.
0486420|Saliva, a sticky fluid produced in the mouth, is important to the digestion of food.
0486460|Salk, Jonas Edward (1914-1995), an American research scientist, worked in the field of preventive medicine.
0486500|Salmon is one of the most important food and sport fishes.
0486565|Salmonellosis is a common type of food poisoning.
0486600|Salome was the daughter of Herodias and the stepdaughter of Herod Antipas, governor of Galilee and Peraea.
0486620|Salomon, Haym, (1740-1785), was an American banker and patriot.
0486640|Salon, refers to a type of room and to certain activities that take place in the room.
0486700|Salsify is a garden vegetable.
0486720|Salt is a clear, brittle mineral that has been used to flavor and preserve food since ancient times.
0486740|Salt, Chemical, is a compound that results when a base neutralizes an acid.
0486800|Salt Lake City (pop. 159,936; met. area 1,072,227) is the capital and largest city of Utah.
0486840|Salt River is a stream in east-central Arizona.
0486960|Salter, Susanna Madora (1860-1961), was the first woman mayor in the United States.
0486980|Salto, (pop. 80,787), is the second largest city in Uruguay.
0487000|Salton Sea is a shallow, saline lake in southeastern California.
0487040|Saltpeter, also called niter, is a mineral known to chemists as potassium nitrate.
0487100|Saluda Dam is among the 30 largest earth-fill dams in the United States.
0487120|Saluki, also called gazelle hound, is believed to be the oldest purebred dog.
0487140|Salute is a gesture of greeting that generally expresses respect or courtesy.
0487160|Salvador, (pop. 2,050,133; met. area pop. 2,424,878), also called Bahia, is the third largest city in Brazil.
0487200|Salvage is money or goods paid to those who save ships or cargo abandoned at sea.
0487240|Salvation Army is an international Christian religious and charitable organization.
0487280|Salvia is a group of about 700 species of plants that grow in temperate and warm regions.
0487320|Salween River, also called Salwin, is an important river of Burma.
0487340|Salzburg, (pop. 143,978), is a city located in the mountains of northwestern Austria.
0487400|Samara, (pop. 1,258,000), is a major Russian manufacturing center and Volga River port.
0487440|Samaria was the name of a city and its surrounding region in ancient Canaan (later called Palestine).
0487460|Samaritans were citizens of ancient Samaria.
0487480|Samarium, (chemical symbol, Sm), is one of the rare-earth metals.
0487510|Samarqand, (pop. 515,000), is the second largest city and former capital of Uzbekistan.
0487580|Samoa is a group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean.
0487600|Samos is a Greek island in the Aegean Sea.
0487620|Samoset, (1590?-1655), was one of the first American Indian friends of the Pilgrim settlers of the Plymouth Colony.
0487640|Samothrace, also called Samothraki, is a Greek island that is often mentioned in Greek mythology.
0487680|Samoyed is a dog bred by the Samoyed peoples of northern Siberia.
0487700|Sampan is a small boat used chiefly in rivers and harbors in China, Japan, and nearby islands.
0487720|Sampler is a small square or strip of cloth covered with sample patterns of needlework.
0487750|Sampson, Deborah (1760-1827), served in the Revolutionary War in America disguised as a man.
0487760|Sampson, William Thomas (1840-1902), an American naval officer, became involved in a dispute over the Battle of Santiago during the Spanish-American War in 1898.
0487780|Samson was a folk hero of ancient Israel, famed for his great strength.
0487800|Samuel, Books of, are two books of the Bible, called I Samuel and II Samuel.
0487830|Samuelson, Paul Anthony (1915- ), is an American economist who has written extensively on all aspects of economic theory.
0487840|Samurai was the hereditary warrior class in feudal Japan.
0487845|San are a people of Africa, most of whom live in the Kalahari Desert region of Botswana and Namibia.
0487850|San Andreas Fault is a long fracture in the earth's crust marked by a zone of disrupted land in California.
0487880|San Antonio, Tex., is one of the most historic cities of the United States.
0487900|San Bernardino, Calif. (pop. 164,164), a city in southwestern California, is the seat of San Bernardino County.
0487920|San Blas Indians is the term for four tribes of Indians that live on the San Blas Islands off the eastern coast of Panama.
0487940|San Diego, Calif., is one of the chief naval and aerospace centers of the United States.
0487980|San Diego Marine Corps Recruit Depot, Calif., trains United States Marine Corps recruits generally from west of the Mississippi River.
0488000|San Diego Naval Base, California, provides headquarters for several United States Pacific Fleet commands.
0488080|San Francisco, Calif., is one of the world's most interesting cities and a leading center of culture, finance, and industry in the United States.
0488160|San Francisco Conference. Delegates from the United Nations met in San Francisco on April 25, 1945, to form a world organization strong enough to prevent another global war.
0488200|San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge is one of the longest bridges in the world over navigable water.
0488260|San Jacinto, Battle of, was the last battle of the war for Texas' independence from Mexico.
0488280|San Joaquin River is the chief stream in the southern part of the Central Valley of California.
0488300|San Jose, Calif., is a major industrial city and one of the nation's chief centers of aerospace manufacturing.
0488320|San Jose, (pop. 241,464; met. area pop. 560,000), is Costa Rica's capital, largest city, and commercial center.
0488360|San Jose scale is an insect pest that feeds on many kinds of fruit trees, shade trees, and ornamental shrubs.
0488400|San Juan, (pop. 437,745; met. area pop. 1,086,376), is the capital and largest city of Puerto Rico.
0488440|San Juan Capistrano, Calif. (pop. 26,183), is a city 60 miles (97 kilometers) southeast of Los Angeles.
0488550|San Luis Potosi, (pop. 489,238), is a farming and mining center in central Mexico.
0488580|San Marcos, University of, in Lima, Peru, is the oldest university in South America.
0488600|San Marino is a small European country that is surrounded by Italy.
0488610|San Marino, (pop. 4,161), is the capital and largest community of the country of San Marino.
0488620|San Martin, Jose de, (1778-1850), was an Argentine general who helped lead the struggle for independence in South America against Spain.
0488680|San Pedro Sula, (pop. 326,943), is the second largest city in Honduras.
0488690|San Quentin is California's oldest prison.
0488700|San Salvador, (pop. 452,614), is the capital and largest city of El Salvador.
0488800|Sana, (pop. 427,185), is the capital and largest city of Yemen.
0488830|Sanchez, George Isidore (1906-1972), an American educator, was a leading spokesman for educational reforms for Spanish-speaking students in the United States.
0488900|Sand is a loose accumulation of tiny pieces of rocks or minerals that are larger than silt or clay but smaller than pebbles.
0488920|Sand, George (1804-1876), was the pen name of Amantine-Aurore-Lucile Dupin, a French novelist of the 1800's.
0488980|Sand dollar is an animal that lives slightly buried in the sand in shallow coastal waters.
0489020|Sand fly is a hairy, dark-brown insect that measures about 1/8 inch (3.2 millimeters) long.
0489060|Sand painting is the name for making pictures in sand.
0489080|Sand verbena is a low-growing summer annual with fragrant pink, white, or yellow flowers.
0489100|Sandakan (pop. 73,815) is the largest city in Sabah, a state of Malaysia.
0489140|Sandalwood is a scarce, valuable wood obtained from several related kinds of trees.
0489160|Sandblasting is a method for engraving such materials as glass and granite or for cleaning metal and some buildings.
0489180|Sandbur, also called bur grass, is a troublesome prickly weed that originally came from the plains of the Western United States.
0489200|Sandburg, Carl (1878-1967), was an American poet, biographer, and historian.
0489220|Sande, Earl (1898-1968), was an American jockey.
0489240|Sanderling is a bird that belongs to the same family as snipes and sandpipers.
0489300|Sandia National Laboratories is one of the largest centers in the United States for the development of nuclear weapons systems.
0489340|Sandino, Augusto Cesar, (1895-1934), was a Nicaraguan revolutionary.
0489380|Sandpiper is a name given to a large number of birds.
0489400|Sandstone is a type of rock composed chiefly of sand that has been "cemented" together by pressure or by minerals.
0489420|Sandstorm is a wind storm that carries sand through the air.
0489520|Sandy Hook is a sandy spit (narrow piece of land) that reaches north from the New Jersey coast into New York Bay.
0489540|Sanford, Maria L. (1836-1920), was one of the first woman professors in the United States.
0489600|Sanger, Frederick (1918- ), a British biochemist, won the 1958 and 1980 Nobel Prizes in chemistry.
0489620|Sanger, Margaret (1883-1966), was an American leader of the birth control movement during the early 1900's.
0489660|Sangster, Charles (1822-1893), was a Canadian poet.
0489680|Sanhedrin was the highest national governing council of the Jews in Roman times.
0489720|Sanitarium is a place where people go to improve their health.
0489760|Sanitation is a field of public health.
0489770|Sanskrit language is the oldest literary language of India and the basis of many modern Indian languages, including Hindi and Urdu.
0489820|Sanskrit literature is the literature of India written in the ancient language called Sanskrit.
0489840|Santa Ana, (pop. 135,186), is the second largest city in El Salvador.
0489860|Santa Anna, Antonio Lopez de (1795-1876), was a Mexican soldier and politician.
0489880|Santa Barbara (pop. 85,571) is an old Spanish mission town in southern California.
0489960|Santa Claus is a legendary old man who brings gifts to children at Christmas.
0489980|Santa Claus, Ind. (pop. 927), is best known for its postmark.
0490060|Santa Fe, (pop. 441,982), is a commercial and shipping center in east-central Argentina.
0490080|Santa Fe, N. Mex. (pop. 55,859; met. area pop. 117,043), is the capital of the state and a major tourist center of the Southwest.
0490140|Santa Fe Trail was one of the longest commercial routes in the United States in the prerailroad era.
0490220|Santa Marta, (pop. 218,205), is a seaport near the northern tip of Colombia.
0490320|Santayana, George (1863-1952), was a philosopher and author.
0490400|Santiago, (pop. 4,385,481), is the capital and largest city of Chile.
0490410|Santiago, (pop. 278,638), is the second largest city of the Dominican Republic.
0490460|Santiago de Cuba, (pop. 418,721), serves as the center of Cuba's mining industry.
0490500|Santo Domingo, (pop. 1,313,172), is the capital and largest city of the Dominican Republic.
0490510|Santo Domingo, University of, in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, is the oldest university in the Western Hemisphere.
0490540|Santos (pop. 486,810) is the major port city of Brazil.
0490560|Santos-Dumont, Alberto (1873-1932), a Brazilian inventor, pioneered advances in aviation in both lighter-than-air and heavier-than-air machines.
0490580|Sao Francisco, River is in eastern Brazil.
0490620|Sao Paulo, (pop. 11,128,848; met. area pop. 17,112,712), is Brazil's largest city and leading commercial and industrial center.
0490670|Sao Tome, (pop. 34,997), is the capital and largest city of Sao Tome and Principe, an island country west of the African mainland.
0490680|Sao Tome and Principe, is an African country that consists of two main islands and several tiny islands.
0490700|Saone River is a waterway in eastern France.
0490720|Sap is the liquid found in the stems, roots, and leaves of plants.
0490760|Sapir, Edward (1884-1939), was an American anthropologist and linguist who explored the relationships between language, culture, and personality.
0490780|Sapodilla is a tropical fruit native to Mexico and Central America.
0490860|Sapphire, a hard and clear gem, is a variety of the mineral corundum.
0490880|Sappho was a Greek lyric poet who lived about 600 B.C.
0490900|Sapporo, (pop. 1,671,742), is the capital of Hokkaido, the northernmost island of Japan.
0490920|Saprophyte is a living thing that gets its food from the remains of dead organisms.
0490940|Sapsucker is one of a group of birds of the woodpecker family.
0491000|Saracens were Muslims from what are now Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and Iran who invaded parts of the Christian world from the 600's to the 1000's.
0491020|Saragossa, also spelled Zaragoza, (pop. 586,219), is an industrial and trading center in northeastern Spain.
0491080|Sarajevo, (pop. 447,687), is the capital of Bosnia-Herzegovina.
0491160|Sarasota, (pop. 50,961), lies on Sarasota Bay on Florida's west coast.
0491350|Sarcoidosis is a disease in which small tumorlike lumps form in many parts of the body.
0491420|Sarcophagus is a stone coffin.
0491440|Sardine is a member of the herring family and an important food fish.
0491460|Sardinia is an Italian island in the Mediterranean Sea.
0491480|Sardinia, Kingdom of, became the nucleus of united Italy.
0491540|Sardonyx is a variety of chalcedony, a fine-grained form of the mineral quartz.
0491600|Sargasso Sea is an irregular oval-shaped area of the North Atlantic Ocean.
0491620|Sargent, John Singer (1856-1925), was an American painter who did his major work in Europe.
0491681|Sargon of Akkad was a king who founded the first great empire in history.
0491720|Sark is one of the Channel Islands, about 70 miles (110 kilometers) south of England and 22 miles (35 kilometers) off the French coast.
0491780|Sarnoff, David (1891-1971), an American businessman, was one of the first people to see the full possibilities of using radio and television to entertain the public.
0491840|Saroyan, William (1908-1981), was an American writer.
0491940|Sartre, Jean-Paul, (1905-1980), was a French existentialist philosopher who expressed his ideas in novels, plays, and short stories, as well as in theoretical works.
0491960|Saskatchewan, one of the Prairie Provinces of Canada, is the greatest wheat-growing region in North America.
0491980|Saskatchewan, University of, is a coeducational university in Saskatoon, Canada.
0492020|Saskatchewan River, begins in Alberta, Canada.
0492040|Saskatoon, (pop. 186,058; met. area pop. 210,023), is the largest city in Saskatchewan and a major trading center of western Canada.
0492060|Sassafras is a medium-sized tree of the laurel family.
0492200|Satellite, in astronomy, is a body that revolves about a planet.
0492220|Satellite, Artificial, is a manufactured object that continuously orbits the earth or some other body in space.
0492260|Satie, Erik, (1866-1925), a French composer, spent his entire career challenging established conventions in music.
0492280|Satin is a weave in which the weft (crosswise yarns) do not cross the warp (lengthwise yarns) as often as in a plain weave.
0492320|Satire is the use of irony or sarcasm to attack some form of human behavior.
0492340|Satrap was the governor of a satrapy (province) in the ancient Persian Empire.
0492380|Saturation is a term used in chemistry and physics.
0492400|Saturday, called Saeter-daeg by the Anglo-Saxons, is the seventh day of the week.
0492420|Saturn was an early god in Roman mythology.
0492440|Saturn is the second largest planet.
0492480|Saturnalia was an ancient Roman festival that honored Saturn, the god of agriculture.
0492520|Satyr was a minor god of the countryside and woods in Greek mythology.
0492580|Saudi Arabia is a large Middle Eastern nation that ranks as one of the world's leading producers of petroleum.
0492620|Sauk Indians, also spelled Sac, belonged to the Algonquian language group of the North American eastern woodlands tribes.
0492630|Saul, the first king of Israel, reigned from about 1029 to about 1000 B.C.
0492660|Sault Sainte Marie, Ontario (pop. 81,476), stands on the St. Marys River, which connects Lake Superior and Lake Huron.
0492700|Sauna is a special kind of bath for cleansing and relaxation.
0492780|Sausage is a food made of chopped and seasoned meat.
0492820|Sauve, Jeanne Mathilde, (1922-1993), became the first woman to serve as governor general of Canada.
0492880|Savanna, also spelled savannah, is a grassland with widely scattered trees and shrubs.
0492920|Savannah was the first steamship to cross the Atlantic Ocean.
0492940|Savannah, Ga. (pop. 137,560; met. area pop. 258,060), is one of the chief ports of the Southern United States.
0492960|Savannah River is a waterway that forms a large part of the border between Georgia and South Carolina.
0493000|Save the Children is a private, nonprofit, child assistance and community development agency.
0493060|Savings and loan association is a type of savings institution in the United States.
0493080|Savings bank is a type of savings institution most commonly found in the Northeastern United States.
0493100|Savings bond is a kind of bond issued by the United States government.
0493120|Savonarola, Girolamo, (1452-1498), was an Italian friar, a fiery religious reformer, and a preacher.
0493140|Savoy, was, until 1946, the oldest reigning family in Europe.
0493160|Saw is a cutting tool that has a metal blade with sharply pointed teeth along one edge.
0493200|Sawfish is a fish that lives in the warm parts of the oceans and in some freshwater coastal areas.
0493220|Sawfly is an insect related to ants, bees, and wasps.
0493260|Sawyer, Ruth (1880-1970), was an American storyteller and author of children's books.
0493340|Saxifrage is the name of about 300 species of hardy plants that grow in cold and temperate parts of the Northern Hemisphere.
0493360|Saxons were members of a Germanic people that invaded the island of Britain about 1,500 years ago.
0493420|Saxophone is a woodwind musical instrument made of brass.
0493455|Sayers, Dorothy L. (1893-1957), an English author, was one of the most famous writers of detective stories of the 1900's.
0493550|Scabies is a contagious skin disease that causes intense itching.
0493600|Scalawags were white Southerners active in the Republican Party during Reconstruction (1865-1877), the period that followed the American Civil War.
0493680|Scale is any one of the flat plates that form the outer covering of most fishes and many snakes and lizards.
0493700|Scale, Weighing, is a device used to measure weight or mass.
0493720|Scale insect is one of many kinds of sucking insects that feed on plants.
0493740|Scalia, Antonin (1936- ), became the first American of Italian descent to serve as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.
0493760|Scallop is a shellfish that is used for food.
0493840|Scandinavia is the name often given to the peninsula of Norway and Sweden.
0493880|Scandinavian literature consists of the literature of the Scandinavian countries--Denmark, Norway, and Sweden--and of Finland and Iceland.
0493900|Scandium is a soft, silvery-white metal.
0493910|Scanning probe microscope is any of a variety of microscopes that scan the surface of materials with a sharp point and display the results on a televisionlike screen.
0493960|Scapegoat, originally meant one of the two goats received by the Jewish high priest in ancient Jerusalem on the Day of Atonement.
0493990|Scar is a permanent mark left when an injury on the skin or other part of the body heals.
0494000|Scarab is the name of a large group of beetles.
0494030|Scarborough, Ont. (pop. 524,598), is one of the largest cities in Canada.
0494081|Scarlatti, Alessandro, (1660-1725), was an Italian composer known primarily for his operas.
0494082|Scarlatti, Domenico, (1685-1757), was an Italian composer.
0494100|Scarlet fever is an infectious disease that chiefly affects children.
0494225|Schaller, George Beals (1933- ), is an American zoologist known for his writings on endangered species of animals.
0494230|Schechter v. United States, was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) of 1933 was unconstitutional.
0494320|Schelling, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von, (1775-1854), was a German philosopher.
0494360|Schenectady, (pop. 65,566), is an industrial city on the Mohawk River in eastern New York.
0494390|Schiele, Egon, (1890-1918), was an Austrian artist.
0494480|Schiller, Johann Christoph Friedrich von, (1759-1805), ranks second only to Goethe among the leading figures of German literature, and no German compares to him as a playwright.
0494520|Schindler, Oskar (1908-1974), was a German businessman who saved more than 1,200 Jews from almost certain death.
0494540|Schipperke is a dog of Belgium.
0494560|Schirra, Walter Marty, Jr. (1923- ), served as a United States astronaut from 1959 to 1969.
0494600|Schist is a medium- to coarse-grained rock that can easily be split into parallel layers.
0494620|Schistosomiasis is the name for a sometimes fatal disease caused by three species of parasitic worms called schistosomes.
0494660|Schizophrenia is a severe mental disease characterized by unpredictable disturbances in thinking.
0494700|Schlafly, Phyllis Stewart (1924- ), is a leading opponent of the women's liberation movement.
0494722|Schlesinger, Arthur Meier, Jr. (1917- ), is an American historian.
0494820|Schliemann, Heinrich, (1822-1890), was a German archaeologist who founded the study of ancient Greece and neighboring cultures on the Aegean Sea.
0494840|Schmalkaldic League was an alliance formed by German Protestant states of the Holy Roman Empire to defend themselves against Emperor Charles V and the empire's Roman Catholic states.
0494860|Schmidt, Helmut, (1918- ), served as chancellor of West Germany from 1974 to 1982.
0494890|Schmitt, Harrison Hagan, (1935- ), was the first United States scientist-astronaut to fly in space.
0494950|Schnitzler, Arthur (1862-1931), was an Austrian writer whose works reflect the influence of Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytical ideas.
0495000|Schoenberg, Arnold (1874-1951), was perhaps the most influential composer of the 1900's.
0495060|Scholarship is a grant of money or free tuition awarded to a student on the basis of achievement, ability, or financial need.
0495080|Scholasticism was a philosophical system that emphasized the use of reason in exploring questions of philosophy and theology.
0495140|Schongauer, Martin (1450?-1491), was one of the first German painters to work extensively as an engraver.
0495160|School is one of our most important institutions.
0495240|School lunch is a noon meal served to children in school.
0495380|Schopenhauer, Arthur, (1788-1860), was a German philosopher who became widely known for his pessimistic views and his fine prose style.
0495430|Schreyer, Edward Richard (1935-), was governor general of Canada from 1979 to 1984.
0495460|Schrodinger, Erwin (1887-1961), an Austrian theoretical physicist, became known for his mathematical equation describing the wavelike behavior of electrons.
0495480|Schubert, Franz Peter (1797-1828), an Austrian composer, wrote an enormous variety of music in many forms.
0495510|Schulz, Charles Monroe (1922- ), created the "Peanuts" comic strip.
0495520|Schuman, William (1910-1992), was an American composer and educator.
0495550|Schumann, Clara (1819-1896), was one of the finest concert pianists of her time.
0495560|Schumann, Robert (1810-1856), was a German composer and writer on music.
0495590|Schumpeter, Joseph Alois, (1883-1950), was a noted economist of the first half of the 1900's.
0495601|Schurz, Carl (1829-1906), was an American editor, soldier, and political leader.
0495640|Schuyler, Philip John (1733-1804), was an American soldier and statesman.
0495660|Schuylkill River is an important river in Pennsylvania.
0495710|Schwartz, Delmore (1913-1966), was an American poet.
0495720|Schwarzkopf, H. Norman (1934- ), was a general in the United States Army.
0495780|Schweitzer, Albert (1875-1965), was a brilliant philosopher, physician, musician, clergyman, missionary, and writer on theology.
0495800|Schwenkfelders are an American Protestant group that originated in Silesia (now part of Poland).
0495840|Sciatica, refers to pain along the sciatic nerve.
0495860|Science covers the broad field of knowledge that deals with observed facts and the relationships among those facts.
0495940|Science fiction is literature based on real or imagined developments in science or technology.
0495960|Science projects are systematic investigations that help students learn about nature and natural laws.
0496045|Scientific notation is a method used in scientific work to express extremely large or small numbers.
0496050|Scientology is a religious movement founded by L. Ron Hubbard, an American writer and visionary thinker.
0496190|Scipio Africanus, Publius Cornelius, (236?-183?
0496220|Scissors. A pair of scissors is really two knife blades joined together to form a double lever.
0496230|Scleroderma is a rare disease that causes stiffening and thickening of body tissues, particularly the skin.
0496300|Scoliosis is a side-to-side curve of the spine.
0496320|Scone, Stone of, is a stone on which the British monarchs are crowned.
0496380|Scopes trial was one of the most famous and controversial legal cases in United States history.
0496430|Scorpio is the eighth sign of the zodiac.
0496440|Scorpion is a small animal with a potentially dangerous poisonous sting in its tail.
0496460|Scorpionfly is an unusual insect that often has a long, pointy face.
0496490|Scorsese, Martin (1942- ), is an American motion-picture director.
0496520|Scotland is one of the four major political divisions that make up the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
0496540|Scotland Yard is the headquarters of the London Metropolitan Police.
0496560|Scott, Barbara Ann (1928- ), a Canadian ice skater, won the women's gold medal in figure skating at the 1948 Winter Olympic Games.
0496600|Scott, Duncan Campbell (1862-1947), was a Canadian poet.
0496605|Scott, F. R. (1899-1985), was a Canadian poet and legal scholar.
0496620|Scott, Robert Falcon (1868-1912), a British explorer and naval officer, became the first person to reach the South Polar plateau.
0496640|Scott, Sir Walter (1771-1832), was a Scottish romantic writer.
0496660|Scott, Winfield (1786-1866), a United States Army officer for more than 50 years, served in the War of 1812, the Mexican War (1846-1848), and the beginning of the Civil War (1861-1865).
0496670|Scott Air Force Base, near Belleville, Ill., is headquarters of the United States Transportation Command, Air Force Communications Command, and Air Weather Service.
0496740|Scottish deerhound was for hundreds of years a dog of the nobility.
0496800|Scottish terrier is a breed of dog first raised in the Scottish Highlands in the 1800's.
0496840|Scottsboro Case was one of the most important cases of the civil rights movement in the United States.
0496850|Scottsdale (pop. 130,069) is one of the largest cities in Arizona.
0496920|Scout is a person sent out to explore an unknown area and obtain information.
0496930|Scouts Canada is an organization that works to help Canadian youth become resourceful and responsible citizens.
0496960|Scranton (pop. 81,105), is an important manufacturing center in northeastern Pennsylvania.
0497000|Scranton, William Warren (1917- ), an American politician, was governor of Pennsylvania from 1963 to 1967.
0497060|Screw is an inclined plane wrapped in a spiral around a shaft.
0497120|Scriabin, Alexander (1872-1915), was a Russian composer and pianist.
0497140|Scribe is a person who writes letters, documents, or books by hand.
0497160|Scribe, Augustin Eugene, (1791-1861), was a French playwright.
0497220|Scripps, Edward Wyllis (1854-1926), was a famous American journalist.
0497260|Scripps Institution of Oceanography is a public institution in La Jolla, Calif., for research and graduate instruction in the marine, atmospheric, and space sciences.
0497320|Scrofula is a term commonly used for an infection of the lymph nodes in the neck by tuberculosis.
0497340|Scroll is a roll of paper, parchment, or other material, especially with writing or pictures on it.
0497420|Sculpin is a family of fishes that have large mouths, large heads, and bodies that taper sharply to the tail fin.
0497440|Sculpture is one of the most interesting and complex of the arts.
0497480|Scurvy is a disease caused by lack of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in the diet.
0497520|Scylla, in Greek mythology, was at first a beautiful nymph.
0497540|Scythe, an implement with a curved cutting blade, was once used to harvest grain and hay.
0497620|Sea anemone is a sea animal that looks like a flower called the anemone.
0497720|Sea cow is a term sometimes applied to the dugong and manatee, which belong to an order (group) of sea mammals called Sirenia.
0497740|Sea cucumber is a type of sea animal with a long fleshy body that may look like a cucumber.
0497800|Sea fan is a colorful coral with a flat, fanlike shape.
0497900|Sea level is the level of the ocean's surface.
0497920|Sea lily is a sea animal that looks like a flower.
0498070|Sea otter is a furry animal that lives in the North Pacific Ocean.
0498140|Sea serpent is a large, probably imaginary marine creature.
0498180|Sea squirt is a name for a group of sea animals which are also called ascidians.
0498220|Sea urchin is a sea animal related to the starfish and the sand dollar.
0498280|Seabees are members of construction battalions of the United States Navy.
0498300|Seaborg, Glenn Theodore (1912- ), an American chemist, became known for contributing to the discovery of several elements heavier than uranium.
0498320|Seabury, Samuel (1729-1796), became the first American Episcopalian bishop in 1784.
0498335|Seahorse is a small fish that is so named because its head resembles that of a tiny horse.
0498340|Seal is a sleek sea animal with a body shaped like a torpedo.
0498360|Seal is a device with a design or lettering for impressing (stamping) on paper, wax, or metal.
0498420|Sealyham terrier is a strong, white, short-legged dog with a long head, powerful jaws, and big teeth.
0498560|Search warrant is a document issued by a court to permit a police officer to search a house, automobile, locker, or any other specified place.
0498630|Sears, Roebuck and Co. is one of the largest retail companies in the United States.
0498650|Sears Tower, in Chicago, is the tallest building in the world.
0498660|Seashore is the place where the land and the sea meet.
0498720|Season is one of the four periods of the year.
0498730|Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is a disturbance of mood that occurs with a change in season.
0498780|Seattle is a beautiful city in Washington state with spectacular views of high mountains and sparkling coastal waters.
0498860|Seaweed is a name applied to almost any plantlike marine organism that is large enough to be seen with the unaided eye.
0498900|Sebastian, Saint (died A.D. 288), was an early Christian martyr.
0499060|Second, a unit in the metric system, is used to measure time and angles.
0499200|Secord, Laura Ingersoll, (1775-1868), was the most famous Canadian heroine of the War of 1812.
0499240|Secret police are used by certain governments and by dictators to control, terrorize, and spy on people.
0499260|Secret Service, United States, is a bureau of the U.S. Department of the Treasury.
0499300|Secretarial work includes a variety of activities that help keep an office running smoothly and efficiently.
0499360|Secretary bird is a tall African bird that has long feathers rising from the back of its head.
0499380|Secretary of... See the articles on the executive departments of the U.S. government listed under their key word, as in STATE, DEPARTMENT OF .
0499400|Secretion is a useful substance that is produced by and then discharged from a cell.
0499500|Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), an independent federal agency, administers and enforces federal laws governing the purchase and sale of securities (stocks and bonds).
0499510|Securities Exchange Act is a law passed by the United States Congress in 1934 to protect people from buying unsafe securities (stocks and bonds).
0499600|Sedative is a drug that decreases the activity of the central nervous system.
0499620|Seddon, James Alexander (1815-1880), served as the Confederacy's secretary of war during most of the American Civil War (1861-1865).
0499640|Sedge is one of a large family of grasslike plants that grow in wet places throughout the world.
0499700|Sedimentary rock is rock formed when mineral matter or remains of plants and animals settle out of water or, less commonly, out of air or ice.
0499740|Sedition is an act which stirs up discontent against established government authority.
0499780|Sedum is a genus (group) of hardy, decorative plants.
0499880|Seed is the specialized part of a plant that produces a new plant.
0499910|Seeger, Pete (1919- ), is an American folk singer, musician, and composer.
0499970|Segal, George (1924- ), is an American sculptor who creates life-sized plaster figures in poses taken from everyday experiences.
0499980|Sego lily is one of the mariposa lilies, a group of bright flowering herbs native to western North America.
0500000|Segovia, Andres, (1893-1987), was the most influential classical guitarist of the 1900's.
0500040|Segregation is the separation of groups of people by custom or by law.
0500050|Sei whale is a large, slender whale that lives in all the oceans.
0500060|Seiche is a long wave in a lake, bay, or similar basin.
0500120|Seigneurial system, also spelled seigniorial, was the traditional method of landholding in France.
0500140|Seine River, and its branches form the chief commercial waterway of France.
0500180|Seismograph is an instrument that amplifies and records small movements of the ground.
0500200|Seismology is the study of seismic waves (shock waves) produced by earthquakes or explosions.
0500350|Selene was the principal goddess of the moon in Greek mythology.
0500380|Selenium is a semimetallic chemical element.
0500390|Seles, Monica (1973- ), became the number-one ranked woman tennis player in the world in 1991 at the age of 17.
0500400|Seleucid dynasty, refers to a series of kings who ruled in southwest Asia from 312 to 64 B.C.
0500540|Seljuks were members of a ruling family of Turkic-speaking peoples who controlled much of southwestern Asia from the mid-1000's to the mid-1200's.
0500580|Selkirk, Earl of (1771-1820), was a Scottish colonizer who opened the Canadian West for settlement during the early 1800's.
0500600|Selkirk Mountains, a range in southeastern British Columbia, extend north from the United States boundary to the Columbia River.
0500650|Selsam, Millicent Ellis (1912- ), is an American author of introductory science books for children.
0500680|Selye, Hans (1907-1982), was a Canadian scientist who became known for his concept of strains on the body known as stress.
0500700|Semantics is the name for the scientific study of the meaning of words and sentences.
0500720|Semaphore is a method of signaling with targets or flags.
0500840|Semiconductor is a material that conducts electricity better than insulators like glass, but not as well as conductors like copper.
0500880|Seminary is a school for training future clergy and lay leaders for churches or other religious organizations.
0500900|Seminole Indians, fought to keep their lands in Florida during the 1800's.
0500940|Semiramis was a mythical queen of Assyria.
0500960|Semites are peoples who speak a Semitic language, such as Arabic or Hebrew.
0500980|Semitic languages are among the world's oldest languages.
0501020|Semmelweis, Ignaz Philipp, (1818-1865), was a Hungarian doctor who first used antiseptic methods systematically in childbirth.
0501040|Semmes, Raphael (1809-1877), a rear admiral in the Confederate Navy, commanded the famous ship Alabama during the Civil War (1861-1865).
0501080|Senate is one of the two lawmaking bodies of many legislatures.
0501160|Sendak, Maurice (1928- ), is an American illustrator and author of children's books.
0501180|Seneca, Lucius Annaeus, (4 B.C.?-A.D. 65), was a Roman statesman, author, and Stoic philosopher.
0501200|Seneca Indians are a tribe who once occupied an area from the Genesee River to Canandaigua Lake in western New York.
0501240|Senefelder, Alois, (1771-1834), invented the process of lithography (see LITHOGRAPHY ).
0501260|Senegal is a small country on the northwest coast of Africa.
0501280|Senghor, Leopold Sedar, (1906- ), was president of Senegal from 1960 to 1981.
0501300|Senility is a term sometimes used to describe certain mental problems that affect some elderly people.
0501360|Sennacherib, (reigned 704-681 B.C.), was king of Assyria, in what is now northern Iraq.
0501370|Sennett, Mack (1884-1960), was a pioneer motion-picture director and producer who became famous for his slapstick silent comedies.
0501400|Senses are the means by which many-celled animals tell what is happening in their environment.
0501420|Sensitive plant is a small, spreading shrub that grows in tropical regions of the Western Hemisphere.
0501430|Sensitivity training is a learning process designed to develop an individual's self-awareness and sensitivity to other people and the environment.
0501460|Sentence is a series of words arranged into a meaningful unit.
0501480|Sentence is a penalty a person must pay if convicted in court of committing a crime.
0501520|Seoul, (pop. 10,612,577), is the capital and largest city of South Korea.
0501700|Sepoy Rebellion was a major Indian revolt against British rule in India.
0501720|September is the ninth month of the year, according to the Gregorian calendar, which is used in almost all the world today.
0501800|Septillion, in the United States and France, is a number followed by 24 zeros.
0501820|Septuagint is the name of the oldest known written translation of the Hebrew Bible, called the Old Testament in Christianity.
0501860|Sequoia is a tree that ranks among the largest and oldest living things on earth.
0501880|Sequoia National Park is the home of one of the finest stands of giant sequoia trees.
0501900|Sequoyah, (1760?-1843), a Cherokee Indian, invented a system of writing.
0502020|Serapis was a god who suddenly became popular in Egypt in the 300's B.C.
0502040|Serbia is one of the two republics of Yugoslavia.
0502120|Serenade is a musical composition that has both instrumental and vocal forms.
0502140|Serf was a member of a large class of peasants that developed in the early Middle Ages.
0502200|Sergeant at arms is an officer who keeps order during the meetings of clubs and deliberative bodies.
0502240|Series, in mathematics, is the sum of the terms of a sequence.
0502320|Serkin, Rudolf (1903-1991), was a popular concert pianist.
0502340|Serling, Rod (1924-1975), an American dramatist, was one of the first writers to reach playwright status solely through performances of his works on radio and television.
0502440|Serpentine is a mineral which occurs in metamorphic rock--that is, rock that has changed its appearance due to heat and, in some cases, pressure.
0502460|Serra, Junipero, (1713-1784), was a Franciscan missionary who in 1769 founded the first mission in present-day California.
0502480|Sertoma International is a civic service organization of clubs in Canada, Mexico, Puerto Rico, and the United States.
0502500|Serum is the clear, fluid part of the blood that is left after a clot forms.
0502540|Serval is a large wildcat that lives in Africa, from the Cape of Good Hope north to Senegal and the Sudan.
0502580|Servetus, Michael (1511-1553), was a Spanish physician and theologian.
0502600|Service, Robert William (1874-1958), was a Canadian poet known for his lively ballads about frontier life in the Yukon Territory.
0502620|Service Employees International Union is one of the largest labor unions in the United States and Canada.
0502650|Service industries are the business firms and government and nonprofit organizations that produce services rather than manufactured goods or agricultural products.
0502760|Servomechanism is a type of control system that automatically corrects errors in the position, velocity, or acceleration of an object.
0502780|Sesame is an herb grown in tropical countries.
0502840|Sesshu, (1419-1506), a Buddhist monk, was the greatest Japanese landscape painter in the tradition of Chinese ink drawing.
0502860|Sessions, Roger (1896-1985), was an American composer and teacher.
0502920|Set theory is a way of solving problems in mathematics and logic (reasoning).
0502940|Seth, also called Set, was an ancient Egyptian god of storms, violence, darkness, and desert land.
0502960|Seti I, (reigned about 1303-1290 B.C.), was a king of ancient Egypt.
0503000|Seton, Ernest Thompson (1860-1946), was the pen name of a popular Canadian writer and illustrator of animal and woodcraft books for young people.
0503010|Seton, Saint Elizabeth Ann (1774-1821), was the first person born in the United States to be recognized as a saint by the Roman Catholic Church.
0503060|Setter is a type of long-haired hunting dog.
0503100|Settlement house is an institution that tries to improve living conditions in city neighborhoods.
0503120|Seurat, Georges, (1859-1891), a French artist, was one of the inventors and chief painters of a painting style called pointillism (also called divisionism or neoimpressionism).
0503140|Seuss, Dr. (1904-1991), was the pen name of Theodor Seuss Geisel, an American writer and illustrator.
0503160|Sevastopol, (pop. 361,000), lies on the Black Sea, in the southwestern part of the Crimean Peninsula in Ukraine.
0503245|Seven Natural Wonders of the World is a listing of outstanding natural features of the earth.
0503280|Seven seas is an ancient term describing all the seas and oceans of the world.
0503320|Seven Weeks' War, also called the Austro-Prussian War, took place between June and August of 1866.
0503360|Seven Wonders of the Ancient World is a listing of notable objects built between about 3000 B.C. and A.D. 476.
0503380|Seven Years' War (1756-1763) involved nearly every nation in Europe, and extended to America and India.
0503440|Seventh-day Adventists are a Christian religious denomination.
0503480|Severn, River, is Great Britain's longest river and one of Britain's chief waterways.
0503560|Sevier, John (1745-1815), was an American soldier, frontiersman, and politician.
0503600|Seville, (pop. 659,126), is one of the leading centers of Spanish art, literature, and education.
0503640|Sevres, Treaty of, forced the defeated Ottoman Empire to give up much of its territory at the close of World War I.
0503680|Sewage is water that contains waste matter produced by human beings.
0503690|Sewall, Arthur (1835-1900), was the Democratic candidate for Vice President of the United States in 1896.
0503700|Sewall, Samuel (1652-1730), was a judge at the famous Salem witchcraft trials in the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1692.
0503720|Seward, William Henry (1801-1872), served as United States secretary of state during the Civil War (1861-1865).
0503740|Sewell, Anna (1820-1878), wrote Black Beauty (1877), a novel about a horse that becomes injured and suffers abuse from a series of owners.
0503800|Sewing is the process of attaching pieces of fabric together with a needle and thread.
0503820|Sewing machine is a machine that uses a needle to bind materials together with thread.
0503845|Sex discrimination, sometimes called gender discrimination, is the unequal treatment of individuals based on their sex.
0503850|Sex education is the study of the characteristics of being a male or a female.
0503860|Sex ratio is the proportion of males to females in a population.
0503880|Sextant is an optical instrument that measures the angular distance between any two points, such as the sun and the horizon.
0503900|Sextillion, in Canada, France, and the United States, is a number followed by 21 zeros.
0503910|Sexton, Anne (1928-1974), was an American poet.
0503925|Sexual harassment, in law, consists of deliberate and unwelcome sexual advances, unwanted requests for sexual favors, and certain other offensive conduct of a sexual nature.
0503930|Sexuality is everything that distinguishes a person as either male or female.
0503935|Sexually transmitted disease, also called STD, is any disease spread primarily through intimate sexual activity.
0503940|Seychelles is an African country that consists of about 90 islands in the Indian Ocean.
0503960|Seymour, Horatio, (1810-1886), an American statesman, was a leading Peace Democrat, or Copperhead, during the American Civil War (see COPPERHEADS ).
0504000|Sforza, Ludovico, (1451-1508), an Italian prince, was the ruler of Milan and the surrounding region of Lombardy from 1479 to 1499.
0504120|Shackleton, Sir Ernest Henry (1874-1922), an Irish explorer, led a British expedition from the Ross Sea that came within 97 nautical miles (180 kilometers) of the south geographic pole in 1908 (see ANTARCTICA [Early exploration]).
0504140|Shad is an important food fish of the herring family.
0504240|Shadow is the darkness that an object causes when it prevents light from shining on a surface.
0504250|Shadow matter is a hypothetical form of matter that is thought to interact with ordinary matter only through the force of gravity.
0504280|Shadow play, also called shadow pantomime, is a kind of drama in which the figures of puppets or living actors are thrown in silhouette on a screen.
0504320|Shaffer, Peter (1926- ), is an English playwright whose works range from comedies to dramatic portrayals of painful emotional crises.
0504340|Shafter, William Rufus (1835-1906), commanded United States land forces as a major general during the Spanish-American War (1898).
0504420|Shah was the title of the ruler of certain Middle Eastern countries, including Iran.
0504440|Shah Jahan, (1592-1666), was the fifth ruler of the Mogul empire in India.
0504460|Shahn, Ben (1898-1969), an American painter, tried through his art to communicate with people and influence their thinking and emotions.
0504480|Shakers are members of a religious sect named the United Society of Believers in Christ's Second Appearing.
0504520|Shakespeare, William (1564-1616), was an English playwright and poet.
0504560|Shale is a fine-grained sedimentary rock that is formed by the compression of muds.
0504620|Shallot is a vegetable that looks and tastes like an onion.
0504660|Shaman is a person considered to have powers that come from direct contact with the supernatural, often in dreams or trances.
0504665|Shamir, Yitzhak, (1915- ), served as prime minister of Israel from October 1983 to September 1984, and from October 1986 to July 1992.
0504680|Shamrock is a type of small herb with leaves made up of three leaflets.
0504700|Shang dynasty was the earliest known Chinese dynasty (family of rulers).
0504720|Shanghai, (pop. 8,214,436), ranks as the largest city in China.
0504735|Shanker, Albert (1928- ), became president of the American Federation of Teachers (AFT) in 1974.
0504760|Shannon, River, is the chief waterway of the Republic of Ireland and the longest river in the British Isles.
0504840|Shapiro, Karl Jay (1913- ), is an American poet.
0504860|Shapley, Harlow (1885-1972), was an American astronomer.
0504880|Sharaku was a great Japanese artist of the late 1700's.
0504960|Shark is a meat-eating fish and one of the most feared sea animals.
0505100|Shasta Dam, located on the Sacramento River 9 miles (14 kilometers) northwest of Redding, Calif., is one of the highest concrete dams in the United States.
0505120|Shavuot, or is a Jewish festival that celebrates the day the Ten Commandments--the foundation of Jewish written and oral law--were revealed to Moses on Mount Sinai.
0505180|Shaw, Anna Howard (1847-1919), was an American leader in the campaign for women's rights.
0505200|Shaw, George Bernard (1856-1950), a British playwright, critic, and essayist, became one of the most famous writers of the 1900's.
0505240|Shaw, Irwin (1913-1984), was an American novelist, short-story writer, and dramatist.
0505340|Shawn, Ted (1891-1972), was a pioneer in establishing the role of the male dancer in America.
0505360|Shawnee Indians lived in the Eastern and Midwestern United States.
0505380|Shawnee Prophet (1775?-1837?) was a Shawnee Indian religious leader.
0505420|Shays' Rebellion was a revolt by debtor farmers and their families that took place in Massachusetts in 1786 and 1787.
0505520|Shearwater is the name of a group of sea birds that live in the oceans.
0505680|Sheeler, Charles (1883-1965), was an American painter and photographer.
0505700|Sheen, Fulton John (1895-1979), became one of the best-known spokesmen for the teachings of the Roman Catholic Church in the world.
0505720|Sheep are among the most important animals that people have tamed because they provide both food and clothing.
0505730|Sheepdog is any of a number of breeds of dogs that people use to herd other animals.
0505800|Sheffield (pop. 500,500; met. area pop. 1,249,300) is an industrial city in north-central England.
0505810|Shehan, Lawrence Joseph Cardinal (1898-1984), was an American religious leader.
0505820|Sheik is an Arabic title referring either to an old and respected man or to the chief of a tribe or village.
0505840|Shekel is the monetary unit of Israel.
0505960|Shell. Many kinds of animals and plants have shells.
0506020|Shellac is the liquid formed of resin flakes which have been dissolved in alcohol.
0506040|Shelley, Mary Wollstonecraft, (1797-1851), was an English author.
0506060|Shelley, Percy Bysshe, (1792-1822), was one of the great English lyric poets.
0506100|Shelter is a structure or a natural feature that provides protection against bad weather, danger, or insect pests.
0506130|Shelterbelt, sometimes called a windbreak, is one or more rows of trees or shrubs planted to protect soil, livestock, and rural homes from the wind.
0506200|Shenandoah National Park lies in the heart of the Blue Ridge Mountains of Virginia.
0506220|Shenandoah River, flows chiefly through the Shenandoah Valley between the Blue Ridge and Allegheny mountains in northern Virginia.
0506240|Shenandoah Valley is a beautiful rolling area in northern Virginia.
0506260|Shenyang, (pop. 4,130,000), also called Mukden, is the capital of Liaoning Province in China.
0506280|Shepard, Alan Bartlett, Jr. (1923- ), became the first American in space.
0506300|Shepard, Ernest (1879-1976), was a British painter and illustrator.
0506330|Shepard, Sam (1943- ), is an important American playwright and motion-picture actor.
0506420|Sheraton, Thomas (1751-1806), was an English furniture designer.
0506440|Sherbrooke (pop. 127,224) is the trading center of a rich agricultural and industrial region in southern Quebec.
0506500|Sheridan, Philip Henry (1831-1888), was a leading Union general in the American Civil War (1861-1865).
0506520|Sheridan, Richard Brinsley (1751-1816), was an Irish dramatist and politician.
0506540|Sheriff, in the United States, is one of the chief administrative officers of a county.
0506600|Sherman, James Schoolcraft (1855-1912), served as Vice President of the United States from 1909 to 1912 under President William Howard Taft.
0506610|Sherman, John (1823-1900), was an American statesman.
0506620|Sherman, Roger (1721-1793), was the only person who signed all four of these great documents: the Articles of Association (1774), the Declaration of Independence (1776), the Articles of Confederation (1777), and the Constitution of the United States
0506630|Sherman, William Tecumseh (1820-1891), was a leading Union general in the American Civil War (1861-1865).
0506680|Sherpas are a people who live mainly in the mountains of the Himalayan range in northeast Nepal.
0506720|Sherwood, Robert Emmet (1896-1955), was an American playwright, journalist, and biographer who stressed the evils of war in his writings.
0506760|Shetland Islands make up the northernmost part of the United Kingdom.
0506780|Shetland pony is a small breed of horse.
0506800|Shetland sheepdog is considered one of the most beautiful of all herding dogs.
0506805|Shevardnadze, Eduard Amvrosiyevich (1928- ), was elected chairman of the parliament of the country of Georgia in 1992.
0506810|Shevchenko, Taras, (1814-1861), was a Ukrainian patriot who became Ukraine's most famous poet.
0506870|Shi Huangdi, (259?-210 B.C.), also spelled Shih Huang-ti, was an emperor of China.
0506875|Shiba inu is a small dog that originated thousands of years ago in Japan.
0506880|Shield was the chief means of personal protection in war from earliest times until the invention of firearms during the 1300's.
0506900|Shields, James (1806-1879), served as governor of the Oregon Territory and as a brigadier general of volunteers in the Mexican and Civil wars.
0506910|Shih Tzu is a breed of small dog that originated in China.
0506920|Shiites are the followers of the Shiah division of the Islamic religion.
0506980|Shilling was a coin in the British money system.
0507120|Shingles is a painful disease in which a rash with small clusters of blisters forms on the skin.
0507130|Shinn, Everett (1876-1953), was an American painter and illustrator.
0507160|Shinto is the oldest surviving religion of Japan.
0507180|Ship is one of the oldest and most important means of transportation.
0507200|Ship, Model, is a small copy of a full-sized ship or boat.
0507360|Shipworm is one of a group of sea animals that bores in wood.
0507380|Shipwreck is the accidental destruction or loss of a ship.
0507420|Shire was an early geographical division of England.
0507460|Shirley, William (1694-1771), served as colonial governor of Massachusetts from 1741 to 1756.
0507520|Shiva is one of the two leading gods of Hinduism.
0507560|Shock is a dangerous condition that can occur if the blood fails to circulate properly in the body.
0507600|Shock absorber is a device that reduces shock or concussion.
0507620|Shock treatment is a type of therapy for patients with serious mental illnesses.
0507660|Shockley, William (1910-1989), an American physicist, was one of the inventors of the transistor.
0507700|Shoe is a covering for the foot.
0507720|Shoebill is a large bird that many scientists believe is related to the stork.
0507740|Shoemaker, Bill (1931- ), ranks among America's greatest jockeys.
0507760|Shogun was the title of the greatest of the Japanese feudal lords.
0507780|Sholes, Christopher Latham, (1819-1890), an American inventor and journalist, helped develop the first practical typewriter.
0507790|Sholokhov, Mikhail, (1905-1984), a Soviet writer, received the Nobel Prize for literature in 1965.
0507800|Sholom Aleichem, (1859-1916), was the pen name of Solomon Rabinowitz, the most widely read of all Yiddish writers.
0507870|Shoplifting is the crime of stealing merchandise from a store while pretending to be a customer.
0507890|Shopping center is a group of stores built as a unit with on-site parking.
0507900|Shoran, an abbreviation for short range navigation, is an electronic system used for short-range aerial navigation.
0507920|Shore Patrol is the police department of the United States Navy.
0508020|Short story is a work of fiction that is shorter than a novel or novelette.
0508060|Short waves are radio waves that have wavelengths shorter than those of waves used in amplitude modulation (AM) broadcast transmissions.
0508120|Shorthand is a method of writing rapidly, using symbols or letters to represent the sounds of words.
0508140|Shorthand machine is used to record speech rapidly and accurately.
0508240|Shoshone Indians, also spelled Shoshoni, once lived in the desert area of what is now eastern Nevada, southern Idaho, and western Utah.
0508260|Shostakovich, Dimitri, (1906-1975), was the most important Russian composer whose musical education and career took place entirely in the Soviet Union.
0508300|Shot-put is a test of strength in track and field meets.
0508320|Shot tower is a structure used to make small shot for firearms.
0508360|Shotgun is a shoulder gun that fires a cartridge that contains a powder charge and a load of metal pellets, called shot.
0508400|Shoulder is the part of a person's body between the neck and the arm.
0508420|Shoup, George Laird (1836-1904), was the first governor of Idaho.
0508460|Shoveler is the name of four species of small, blue-winged ducks with spoon-shaped bills.
0508560|Shrapnel was a type of artillery shell invented by Lieutenant (later, Lieutenant General) Henry Shrapnel (1761-1842).
0508580|Shreveport, La. (pop. 198,525), is one of the largest cities in the state.
0508600|Shrew is a small animal that looks like a sharp-nosed mouse.
0508640|Shrike is a bird that can be recognized by its strong, slightly hooked beak.
0508660|Shrimp are delicate shellfish related to crabs and lobsters.
0508680|Shrine is an object or place sacred to a religion.
0508690|Shrine, The is a fraternal organization.
0508700|Shriver, Sargent, (1915- ), was the Democratic nominee for Vice President of the United States in 1972.
0508740|Shroud of Turin is a linen cloth that many people believe was the burial cloth of Jesus Christ.
0508760|Shrove Tuesday is the day before Ash Wednesday, the beginning of Lent.
0508780|Shrub is one of the four main groups of plants in terms of size and form.
0508820|Shuffleboard is a game played on a flat, slick surface.
0508845|Shultz, George Pratt (1920- ), served as secretary of state in the Administration of President Ronald Reagan from 1982 to 1989.
0508850|Shumway, Norman Edward (1923- ), is an American surgeon who gained fame for his pioneering work in heart transplant operations.
0509100|Siamese twins, also called conjoined twins, are twins joined at some point of their bodies.
0509120|Sibelius, Jean, (1865-1957), was a Finnish composer.
0509140|Siberia is a vast, thinly populated region in northern Asia.
0509160|Siberian husky is an Arctic sled dog.
0509200|Sibyl was the name ancient Romans gave to any aged woman who could supposedly foretell the future.
0509220|Sicilies, Kingdom of the Two, was the name of an early kingdom of Italy.
0509240|Sicily, (pop. 4,966,386), is an Italian island in the central Mediterranean Sea.
0509290|Sickle cell anemia is a hereditary blood disease.
0509320|Siddons, Sarah Kemble (1755-1831), was one of England's greatest tragic actresses.
0509340|Sidereal time, measures the rotation of the earth in relation to the stars.
0509480|Sidney, Sir Philip (1554-1586), was an English author, courtier, and soldier.
0509500|Sidon was an important manufacturing and port city in ancient Phoenicia.
0509520|Siegbahn, Karl Manne Georg, (1886-1978), a Swedish physicist, received the 1924 Nobel Prize in physics for his work with X rays and a method of analysis called X-ray spectroscopy.
0509600|Siegfried was a legendary hero in medieval German literature.
0509620|Siegfried Line was the name of two fortified lines of defense established by Germany in the 1900's.
0509642|Siemens, Sir Charles William (1823-1883), was a German-born engineer, inventor, and industrialist.
0509645|Siemens, Ernst Werner von (1816-1892), was a German inventor and industrialist who contributed to telegraphy and electric power generation.
0509720|Sienkiewicz, Henryk, (1846-1916), was a popular Polish novelist.
0509730|Sierra Club is an organization in the United States and Canada that works to protect the environment.
0509740|Sierra Leone is a small country on Africa's western "bulge," north of the equator.
0509760|Sierra Madre is the name of three mountain ranges in Mexico.
0509800|Sierra Nevada is a huge granite mountain range in eastern California.
0509830|Sieve of Eratosthenes is a method developed in the 200's B.C. by the Greek mathematician Eratosthenes for identifying prime numbers.
0509860|Sieyes, Emmanuel Joseph (1748-1836), was a leader of the French Revolution (1789-1799).
0510020|Sigismund, (1368-1437), was Holy Roman emperor from 1410 until his death.
0510040|Sigma Xi is an honorary scientific society.
0510080|Sign language is a language of gestures and hand symbols.
0510120|Signaling is one way of passing information from one person or place to another.
0510240|Sigurd is the Scandinavian name for the legendary German hero Siegfried.
0510280|Sikhism is one of the religions of India.
0510320|Sikkim is an Indian state tucked away in the towering mountains of south-central Asia.
0510340|Sikorsky, Igor Ivanovich, (1889-1972), an aircraft designer and manufacturer, pioneered in multiengine airplanes, helicopters, and transoceanic flying boats.
0510420|Silesia is a region in southwestern Poland, eastern Germany, and the northern part of the Czech Republic.
0510460|Silica is silicon dioxide, a chemical compound consisting of silicon and oxygen.
0510480|Silica gel is a sandlike substance widely used as a demoisturizer.
0510510|Silicate is any of a group of minerals that contain silicon, oxygen, and one or more metallic elements.
0510520|Silicon is a hard, dark gray nonmetallic element.
0510540|Silicone is any of a group of synthetic materials.
0510560|Silicosis is a lung disease caused by inhaling crystalline silica dust.
0510580|Silk is a strong, shiny fiber (threadlike substance) that is used to make cloth.
0510600|Silk-screen printing is a printmaking technique in which ink or paint is forced through a piece of silk onto paper or other material.
0510640|Silky terrier is a small dog developed about 1900 in Australia.
0510670|Silliman, Benjamin (1779-1864), a leading American educator and scientist, founded the American Journal of Science in 1818.
0510680|Sillimanite is a mineral that is brown, pale green, or white, and has a glassy luster.
0510690|Sills, Beverly (1929- ), an American singer, became one of the most popular operatic sopranos of the 1960's and 1970's.
0510700|Silo is a storage bin for chopped plants and grains.
0510740|Silt is a fine-grained or muddy material made up of tiny particles of rock that settle at the bottom of rivers and other bodies of water.
0510780|Silver is a soft, white metal.
0510880|Silver nitrate is a chemical used in medicine and industry.
0510890|Silverfish is a small, wingless insect found in cool, damp places.
0511070|Simenon, Georges, (1903-1989), a Belgian-born author, created the fictional detective Jules Maigret, an inspector with the Paris police.
0511120|Simhat Torah is a Jewish festival of rejoicing in the Torah, or Law.
0511140|Simile is a figure of speech used in describing or explaining something.
0511170|Simon, Herbert Alexander (1916- ), is an American scientist known for his work in economics, psychology, and computer science.
0511185|Simon, Neil (1927- ), is an American playwright.
0511186|Simon, Paul (1942- ), is an American singer, songwriter, and guitarist.
0511190|Simon, Saint, was one of the 12 apostles of Jesus Christ.
0511195|Simon, William Edward (1927- ), served as secretary of the treasury of the United States from 1974 to 1977.
0511230|Simone Martini, (about 1285-1344), was an Italian painter.
0511340|Simplon Pass and Tunnel are important gateways through the Swiss Alps.
0511345|Simpson, Alan Kooi (1931- ), a Wyoming Republican, served as majority whip (assistant leader) of the United States Senate from 1984 to 1987.
0511350|Simpson, Sir George (1787?-1860), served as governor of the North American territories of the Hudson's Bay Company from 1826 to 1860.
0511400|Simpson, O. J. (1947- ), ranks as one of the greatest running backs in football history.
0511430|Sinai Peninsula is the part of Egypt that lies east of the Suez Canal and the Gulf of Suez, and borders western Israel.
0511450|Sinatra, Frank (1915- ), ranks among the most famous singers in the history of popular music.
0511500|Sinclair, Upton (1878-1968), was an American writer and reformer.
0511600|Sing Sing is the name of a state prison in Ossining, New York.
0511620|Singapore is a small island country in Southeast Asia.
0511630|Singapore is the capital of the country of Singapore.
0511638|Singer, Isaac Bashevis (1904-1991), a Polish-born author, won the 1978 Nobel Prize for literature.
0511640|Singer, Isaac Merrit (1811-1875), an American inventor and manufacturer, did more than anyone else to make the sewing machine a universal household appliance.
0511660|Singing is the production of musical tones by the human voice with or without words.
0511740|Single tax is a type of property tax.
0511840|Sinn Fein is an Irish nationalist political party that played an important part in achieving an independent Irish republic.
0511880|Sintering is the process of making metal parts from powdered metals.
0511920|Sinus is a cavity in the bodies of animals, including human beings.
0511980|Sioux City, (pop. 80,505; met. area pop. 115,018), is a commercial and manufacturing center in western Iowa.
0512000|Sioux Falls, (pop. 100,814; met. area pop. 139,236), is the largest city and leading commercial and livestock center in South Dakota.
0512040|Sioux Indians, traditionally lived throughout the northern plains of North America.
0512080|Siphon is a device used to draw liquid over the edge of a container and transfer it to a lower level.
0512115|Siqueiros, David (1896-1974), was a Mexican painter famous for his vigorous and colorful murals on political themes.
0512240|Sirenia is the name of an order (group) of water mammals related to elephants and hyraxes.
0512245|Sirens were sea nymphs in Greek mythology who lived on an island.
0512280|Sirius, also called the Dog Star, is the brightest star that can be seen from the earth at night.
0512300|Sirocco is the Italian name for a warm wind that blows northward from the hot, dry Sahara or Arabian Desert.
0512340|Sisal, also called sisal hemp, is the name of a plant grown for its strong fiber.
0512400|Sisley, Alfred (1839-1899), was an impressionist artist best known for his landscape paintings.
0512480|Sistine Chapel is a famous chapel in the palace of the Vatican in Rome.
0512520|Sisyphus was the founder of the city of Corinth in Greek mythology.
0512530|Sitar is a stringed instrument that originated in India or Persia.
0512540|Sitka, Alaska (pop. 8,588), is a center of education and the fishing and wood products industries.
0512580|Sitting Bull (1834?-1890) was a famous medicine man and leader of the Hunkpapa band of the Teton Sioux Indians.
0512601|Sitwell, Dame Edith (1887-1964), was an English poet, critic, and biographer.
0512761|Sixtus IV (1414-1484) was among the most notorious of the Renaissance popes.
0512762|Sixtus V (1520-1590) was elected pope of the Roman Catholic Church in 1585.
0512820|Skagerrak is an arm of the North Sea that separates Norway from Denmark to the south.
0512860|Skald, the Icelandic word for poet, refers to the Scandinavian poets of the Middle Ages.
0512880|Skate is the name of a family of rays.
0512895|Skateboarding is a sport in which a participant rides a small, narrow board mounted on four wheels, called a skateboard.
0512940|Skeena River is one of the most valuable salmon fishing grounds in the world.
0512960|Skeet is an American form of clay target shooting.
0512980|Skeleton is the flexible, bony framework of any vertebrate animal.
0512990|Skelton, John (1460?-1529), was a great satirist during the early part of the reign of the House of Tudor in England.
0513020|Skepticism was a philosophical movement in ancient Greece.
0513080|Skew line, in advanced geometry, is a line in space that neither runs parallel to another line nor intersects another line.
0513160|Skiing is the act of gliding over snow on long, narrow runners called skis.
0513200|Skimmer is the name for three species of birds that live near oceans, lakes, and other bodies of water.
0513220|Skin is the organ that covers the bodies of human beings and many other animals.
0513260|Skin diving is the act of going underwater while holding the breath or while breathing compressed air from tanks.
0513280|Skin grafting is a surgical method of replacing skin to cover wounds on the body's surface.
0513300|Skink is any of a large group of small lizards that live in mild and tropical regions.
0513340|Skinner, B. F. (1904-1990), was an American psychologist best known for his research into the learning process and his belief in a planned society.
0513430|Skopje, (pop. 503,449), is the capital of Macedonia, a country in southeastern Europe.
0513480|Skua is the name of a group of birds that live for much of the year over the ocean.
0513520|Skull is the bony frame of the head of human beings and other animals with backbones.
0513560|Skunk is a small furry animal with distinctive black and white markings.
0513580|Skunk cabbage is a soft-stemmed plant found in low swamps in eastern and central North America.
0513600|Sky is the region of space visible from the earth.
0513620|Skydiving is a sport in which one or more people jump from an airplane and fall freely before opening a parachute.
0513640|Skye terrier is one of the oldest terrier breeds.
0513760|Skyscraper is the name given to the world's tallest buildings.
0513820|Slag is the nonmetallic material removed in the process of making pig iron, and in smelting copper, lead, and other metals.
0513860|Slander is a spoken untruth that injures a person's reputation.
0513880|Slang is an informal kind of language in which words and phrases are used in new or unusual ways.
0513900|Slate is a fine-grained rock that can easily be split into thin slabs.
0513920|Slater, Samuel (1768-1835), a British textile worker, founded the textile industry in the United States.
0514020|Slavery is a practice in which people own other people.
0514040|Slavic countries are nations where most of the people are Slavs (see SLAVS ).
0514060|Slavs are any of several groups of peoples, most of whom live in eastern Europe.
0514100|Sled is a vehicle that has parallel runners instead of wheels, so that it can move easily over snow or ice.
0514110|Sled dog is a dog used to pull sleds across snow and ice in northern regions.
0514140|Sleep is a period of rest during which the sleeper loses awareness of his or her surroundings.
0514150|Sleep apnea is a disorder in which pauses in breathing occur during sleep.
0514200|Sleeping sickness is a disease that attacks the nervous system and often results in a prolonged sleep.
0514240|Sleepwalking, also called somnambulism, is a condition during which a partly awakened sleeper performs various physical activities.
0514260|Sleet consists of transparent, solid grains of ice that are smaller than 5 millimeters ( 1/5 inch) in diameter.
0514400|Slidell, John (1793-1871), a Louisiana Democrat, served as United States commissioner to Mexico in 1845 and Confederate commissioner to France during the American Civil War (1861-1865).
0514420|Slime mold is a tiny, simple fungus that usually grows on decaying wood and moist soil.
0514440|Sling is one of the most ancient weapons.
0514480|Slipperwort is the name of a group of about 500 species of shrubby and nonwoody plants whose blossoms are shaped somewhat like slippers.
0514560|Sloan, John (1871-1951), was an American artist.
0514640|Sloe, also called blackthorn, is a spiny, branching shrub related to the plum.
0514720|Slot machine is a mechanical gambling device.
0514740|Sloth is the common name of a family of South American animals which have a slow and peculiar way of moving.
0514760|Sloth bear is a big, shaggy animal with a mane of fur around its neck and shoulders.
0514800|Slovakia is a country in central Europe that became independent on Jan. 1, 1993.
0514820|Slovenia is a small, mountainous country in central Europe that declared its independence in 1991.
0514900|Slug is a kind of snail.
0514980|Small Business Administration (SBA), an independent agency of the United States government, promotes and protects the interests of small business companies.
0515000|Small-claims court is a city or state court that handles minor lawsuits involving claims ranging up to $5,000.
0515020|Smallpox was the first disease conquered by human beings.
0515030|Smalls, Robert (1839-1915), was an African American who became a Union hero during the Civil War (1861-1865).
0515060|Smartweed is an annual plant that grows as a weed in North America.
0515080|Smell is one of the most important and basic senses in animals and human beings.
0515100|Smelling salts are used to relieve faintness and headaches.
0515120|Smelt is the name of a family of silvery fishes found in cool waters of the Northern Hemisphere.
0515140|Smelting is a method by which metals are taken from their original ore.
0515160|Smetana, Bedrich, (1824-1884), was a Czech composer.
0515180|Smilax is the name of a group of woody or nonwoody vines that have hardy, sometimes thick roots and strongly veined leaves.
0515190|Smith, A. J. M. (1902-1980), was a Canadian poet and scholar.
0515200|Smith, Adam (1723-1790), is generally regarded as the founder of modern economics.
0515220|Smith, Alfred Emanuel (1873-1944), was an American political leader.
0515240|Smith, Bessie (1894-1937), became one of the finest blues singers in the history of jazz.
0515250|Smith, David (1906-1965), was an American sculptor who worked with metals in many forms.
0515280|Smith, Edmund Kirby (1824-1893), was a Confederate general in the Civil War.
0515410|Smith, Ian Douglas (1919- ), served as prime minister of Rhodesia--which is now called Zimbabwe--from 1964 to 1978.
0515420|Smith, James (1719?-1806), was a Pennsylvania signer of the Declaration of Independence.
0515440|Smith, Jedediah Strong (1799-1831), was an American trader and explorer.
0515460|Smith, John (1580?-1631), was an English soldier and adventurer.
0515520|Smith, Joseph (1805-1844), was the founder and first president of the Mormon Church, officially called the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
0515560|Smith, Margaret Chase (1897-1995), was the first woman to be elected to both houses of the United States Congress.
0515680|Smith Act, or Alien Registration Act of 1940, makes it a crime to advocate the violent overthrow of the United States government or to belong knowingly to a group advocating it.
0515700|Smith College, in Northampton, Massachusetts, is the largest private liberal arts college for women in the United States.
0515720|Smith-Hughes Act provides federal funds to the states for vocational education.
0515760|Smithson, James (1765-1829), a British scientist, founded the Smithsonian Institution.
0515780|Smithsonian Institution is a federally chartered nonprofit organization of scientific, educational, and cultural interests headquartered in Washington, D.C.
0515820|Smog is a form of air pollution.
0515840|Smoke consists of finely divided solid and liquid particles suspended (held) in a gas.
0515850|Smoke detector, also called smoke alarm, is a device used in homes and other buildings to warn people of smoke or a fire.
0515960|Smoking is drawing tobacco smoke from a cigarette, cigar, or pipe into the mouth--and often into the lungs--and puffing it out.
0516020|Smollett, Tobias George (1721-1771), was one of the great early English novelists.
0516060|Smooth fox terrier is a small, alert dog originally bred for use in fox hunts.
0516140|Smuggling is the illegal transportation of people or goods into or out of a country or area.
0516160|Smut is the name of certain diseases of plants.
0516180|Smuts, Jan Christiaan (1870-1950), was a South African soldier, scholar, and statesman.
0516240|Snail is an animal whose soft body is usually covered with a coiled shell.
0516260|Snake is an animal with a long, legless body covered by dry scales.
0516300|Snake charming is an ancient form of entertainment in northern Africa, and in India, Pakistan, and other parts of southern Asia.
0516320|Snake dance is a sacred ceremony of the Hopi Indians of northeastern Arizona.
0516360|Snake River is the chief branch of the Columbia River.
0516390|Snakebite is the wound made by the fangs of a poisonous snake or the teeth of a nonpoisonous one.
0516400|Snakeroot is the name of several very different flowering plants that grow in prairies and woodlands.
0516420|Snapdragon is a group of hardy plants with colorful flowers.
0516460|Snapper is any of about 185 species of food fishes that live in tropical parts of the Pacific and Atlantic oceans.
0516500|Snead, Sam (1912- ), won more tournaments than any other American golfer.
0516560|Sneezing is a sudden and violent rush of air out through the nose and mouth.
0516600|Snipe is the name of a group of shore birds related to sandpipers, curlews, and plovers.
0516680|Snoring is rough, noisy breathing that occurs during sleep.
0516720|Snorri Sturluson (1179-1241) was a great medieval Icelandic poet and historian.
0516740|Snow is a form of precipitation that consists of masses of certain types of tiny ice crystals.
0516760|Snow, C. P. (1905-1980), was an Englishman of many talents who was most famous as a novelist.
0516800|Snow blindness is a temporary decrease in vision caused by bright sunlight reflected from snow.
0516820|Snow bunting, also called snowflake, is a sparrowlike bird of the Far North.
0516840|Snow leopard, also called ounce, is a member of the cat family that lives in cold regions of central Asia.
0516860|Snow line is the lower edge of the permanent snow fields found on upper mountain slopes.
0516940|Snowball, also called European cranberry bush or Guelder rose, is a handsome shrub of the honeysuckle family.
0517000|Snowdrop is the name of a group of flowering plants native to Europe, the Middle East, and western Asia.
0517050|Snowmobile is a motorized sled that carries one or two people over ice and snow.
0517080|Snowshoe is a device used for walking over snow.
0517090|Snowshoe hare is a medium-sized hare that lives in North America.
0517120|Snuff is a moist or dry powder made from the leaves of the tobacco plant.
0517130|Snyder, Gary (1930- ), is an American poet whose works reflect his involvement with Zen Buddhism, his love of nature, and his interest in American Indian traditions.
0517160|Soap Box Derby is a coasting race for small motorless racing cars.
0517170|Soap opera is daily serial melodrama that originated in the United States on daytime radio and then became popular on daytime television.
0517180|Soap plant is a tall herb of California that reaches a height of about 8 feet (2.4 meters).
0517220|Soapberry is the name of 13 species of trees or shrubs found in tropical and subtropical areas of Asia and North and South America, and on islands in the Pacific Ocean.
0517240|Soapstone, also known as steatite, is a soft rock composed mostly of the mineral talc.
0517320|Soccer is the world's most popular sport.
0517360|Social change refers to any significant change in the structure of society.
0517370|Social class is a group of persons in a society that have about the same social standing.
0517410|Social Darwinism is the belief that people in society compete for survival and that superior individuals, social groups, and races become powerful and wealthy.
0517480|Social psychology is the study of the psychological basis of people's relationships with one another.
0517490|Social role is a set of relationships between a person and members of his or her circle.
0517500|Social science. Scholars generally identify three categories of knowledge: (1) the natural sciences and mathematics, (2) the humanities, and (3) the social sciences.
0517520|Social security is a government program that helps workers and retired workers and their families achieve a degree of economic security.
0517540|Social Security Administration (SSA), an independent agency of the United States government, administers the nation's social security program.
0517580|Social studies is a program of study in elementary and high school.
0517680|Social work is a profession that administers a wide range of social services and programs.
0517700|Social Workers, National Association of, is a professional organization devoted to the improvement of social work practices and standards.
0517720|Socialism is an economic system, a political movement, and a social theory.
0517730|Socialization, in the behavioral sciences, refers to the complex process by which individuals come to learn and perform behavior expected of them by society.
0517780|Society for the Advancement of Education was organized in 1939 to publish information on problems and trends in education.
0517820|Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA) is the name of many organizations throughout the world that work to foster and promote animal welfare.
0517840|Society Islands is a group of islands located in the Pacific Ocean.
0517930|Sociobiology is the study of the biological basis for the social behavior of human beings and other animals.
0517960|Sociology is the study of the individuals, groups, and institutions that make up human society.
0518000|Socrates, (about 470-399 B.C.) was a Greek philosopher and teacher.
0518020|Sod house is a house with walls built of blocks of sod or turf in horizontal layers.
0518040|Soda is the common name for a group of compounds that contain sodium.
0518100|Soddy, Frederick (1877-1956), a British chemist, received the 1921 Nobel Prize in chemistry for his research on atomic structure.
0518140|Sodium is a silvery-white metallic element that has many important uses.
0518420|Sodom and Gomorrah were two Biblical cities located near the Dead Sea.
0518460|Sofia, (pop. 1,128,859; met. area pop. 1,208,200), is the capital and largest city of Bulgaria, and the country's chief economic and cultural center.
0518470|Soft-coated wheaten terrier is a breed of dog that originated in Ireland.
0518480|Soft drink is a flavored, nonalcoholic beverage prepared with carbonated water.
0518540|Softball is a popular game throughout the world.
0518620|Soil is an important natural resource that covers much of the earth's land surface.
0518640|Soil bank was a United States federal government program designed to reduce crop surpluses by taking croplands out of production from 1 to 10 years.
0518700|Soil Conservation Service was an agency of the United States Department of Agriculture from 1935 to 1994.
0518740|Sokol is an international organization that stresses physical fitness and moral strength.
0518820|Solanum is an important group of plants in the nightshade family.
0518880|Solar energy is energy given off by the sun.
0518920|Solar plexus is a common name for the celiac plexus, network of nerves in back of the stomach.
0518960|Solar system consists of a star called the sun and all the objects that travel around it.
0518970|Solar wind is a continuous flow of gases from the sun.
0518980|Solder is a metal alloy used to join metal surfaces together (see ALLOY ).
0519080|Sole is the name of a family of flatfishes that have twisted skulls so that both eyes are on the same side of the body.
0519100|Solenodon is a rare animal that looks like a long-nosed rat.
0519120|Soleri, Paolo, (1919- ), is an Italian-born architect and urban planner.
0519200|Solid, in mathematics, is a geometric figure with the three dimensions of length, breadth, and thickness.
0519260|Solid-state physics, also called condensed-matter physics, deals with the physical properties of solid materials.
0519320|Solitaire is the name of many card games that are played by one person.
0519360|Solomon, (?-928? B.C.), was the third king of ancient Israel.
0519370|Solomon Islands is an island country in the South Pacific Ocean.
0519380|Solomon Islands are a chain of islands in the South Pacific Ocean.
0519400|Solomon's-seal is the name of a large group of hardy plants that grow in the temperate zones of North America, Europe, and Asia.
0519420|Solon, (639?-559? B.C.), was a famous lawmaker.
0519430|Solow, Robert Merton (1924- ), is an American economist known for his contributions to the theory of economic growth.
0519440|Solstice is one of the two moments each year when the sun is at either its northernmost or southernmost position.
0519450|Solti, Sir Georg (1912- ), is a leading symphony orchestra and opera conductor.
0519480|Solution is a mixture of two or more individual substances that cannot be separated by a mechanical means, such as filtration.
0519500|Solvent is a substance that dissolves another substance to form a solution.
0519525|Solzhenitsyn, Alexander (1918- ), is a Russian novelist.
0519540|Somalia is the easternmost country on the mainland of Africa.
0519751|Somoza Garcia, Anastasio, (1896-1956), was a Nicaraguan dictator who ruled his country for 20 years before he was assassinated in 1956.
0519760|Sonar is a device that uses sound energy to locate objects; measure their distance, direction, and speed; and even produce pictures of them.
0519780|Sonata is an instrumental composition that consists of several movements.
0519790|Sondheim, Stephen (1930- ), is an American composer and lyricist who won fame for his works for musical theater.
0519800|Song is a musical composition for one or more voices.
0519820|Song dynasty, also spelled Sung, ruled China from 960 to 1279.
0519880|Song of Solomon is a poetic book of the Hebrew Bible, or Old Testament.
0519910|Songhai Empire was a black trading state in Africa that reached its peak during the 1400's and 1500's.
0519920|Sonic boom is a loud noise caused by an object--usually an airplane--flying at a supersonic speed.
0519940|Sonnet is a 14-line poem with a fixed pattern of meter and rhyme.
0520020|Sons of Liberty was a group of patriotic societies that sprang up in the American colonies before the Revolutionary War (1775-1783).
0520060|Sons of the American Revolution is a patriotic organization.
0520090|Sontag, Susan (1933- ), is an American essayist and novelist.
0520100|Soo Canals permit ships to pass between Lakes Superior and Huron.
0520160|Soong Ching-ling (1890-1981) was a prominent figure in the Chinese Communist government.
0520180|Soot is a black or dark brown substance found in smoke.
0520200|Sophists were educators who traveled from city to city teaching for pay in the city-states of Greece during the second half of the 400's B.C.
0520220|Sophocles, (about 496-406 B.C.), was the second of the three great Greek writers of tragedy.
0520280|Sorbonne was a world-famous college in Paris.
0520380|Sorghum is the name of a group of tropical grasses from Africa and Asia.
0520400|Soroptimist International is the world's largest service organization for business, executive, and professional women.
0520420|Sorority is a society of women or girls.
0520440|Sorrel is the name of several species of herbs.
0520480|SOS is the Morse code call for help.
0520540|Sou was a small coin in the French money system.
0520640|Sound surrounds us all the time.
0520840|Sourwood is a tree native to the woods of the southern part of the United States.
0520860|Sousa, John Philip (1854-1932), was a famous American composer and bandmaster.
0520890|Souster, Raymond (1921- ), is a Canadian poet.
0520895|Souter, David Hackett (1939- ), became an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States in 1990.
0520940|South Africa is a country that lies at the southern tip of the continent of Africa.
0520980|South America is the fourth largest continent in area.
0521020|South Arabia, Federation of, was a union of 17 small states at the southern tip of the Arabian Peninsula.
0521060|South Australia is a state in south-central Australia.
0521080|South Bend (pop. 105,511; met. area 247,052) is one of the largest cities in Indiana.
0521100|South Carolina is the smallest state in the Deep South region of the United States.
0521120|South Carolina, University of, is a state-supported coeducational system of higher education.
0521180|South Dakota is a midwestern state of the United States.
0521200|South Dakota, University of, is a state-supported coeducational school in Vermillion, S. Dak.
0521240|South Dakota State University is a state-controlled coeducational university in Brookings, S. Dak.
0521420|South Pole is a term used for several invisible surface points in the Antarctic region.
0521580|Southampton is a major seaport in the southern part of England, one of the political divisions of the United Kingdom.
0521600|Southampton Island is an island in Canada's Northwest Territories.
0521620|Southeast Asia includes the peninsula and islands east of India and Bangladesh and south of China.
0521640|Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) was an alliance of eight nations that signed the Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty in Manila, the Philippines, on Sept. 8, 1954.
0521710|Southern Baptist Convention is the largest Baptist organization in the world.
0521720|Southern California, University of, is a coeducational private university in Los Angeles.
0521732|Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) is a civil rights organization in the United States.
0521760|Southern Cross is a famous constellation (group of stars) in the Southern Hemisphere.
0521840|Southern Methodist University is a private coeducational school in Dallas.
0522000|Southern States are Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia.
0522040|Southey, Robert (1774-1843), was poet laureate of England from 1813 until his death.
0522220|Southwestern States are Arizona, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas.
0522280|Sovereignty. The name sovereign was first applied to kings.
0522300|Soviet is a Russian word that means council.
0522410|Sowthistle is the name of a group of weeds that grow wild in Europe.
0522440|Soybean is a plant that supplies feed for animals, food for human beings, and raw materials for industry.
0522445|Soyer brothers were important American painters known for realistic scenes of city life in the 1930's.
0522450|Soyinka, Wole, (1934- ), won the 1986 Nobel Prize for literature.
0522480|Spaak, Paul-Henri (1899-1972), was a European statesman and the first Socialist prime minister of Belgium.
0522500|Spaatz, Carl (1891-1974), was the first chief of staff of the United States Air Force.
0522550|Space exploration is our human response to curiosity about the earth, the moon, the planets, the sun and other stars, and the galaxies.
0522730|Spahn, Warren (1921- ), became one of the greatest pitchers in baseball history.
0522740|Spaight, Richard Dobbs (1758-1802), was a North Carolina signer of the Constitution of the United States.
0522760|Spain is a country in western Europe famous for its colorful bullfights, sunny climate, and beautiful story-book castles.
0522840|Spallanzani, Lazzaro, (1729-1799), an Italian experimental biologist, showed that the air carries microscopic life.
0522880|Spaniel is a large family of dogs.
0522900|Spanish America is the name sometimes given to the Spanish-speaking parts of Latin America.
0522920|Spanish-American War marked the emergence of the United States as a world power.
0522940|Spanish Armada was a fleet of armed ships that tried to invade England in 1588.
0522960|Spanish bayonet is a general name for shrubby and treelike yuccas that grow in many dry regions of North America.
0523060|Spanish language is the official language of Spain.
0523080|Spanish literature is one of the richest and most varied of all European literatures.
0523100|Spanish Main was the name English traders and pirates gave to the northern coast of South America and to the Caribbean Sea and its islands.
0523120|Spanish moss is a flowering plant that hangs from trees in the southeastern United States and in tropical South America.
0523185|Spanishfly is a type of blister beetle, not a true fly.
0523225|Spark, Muriel (1918- ), is a Scottish author best known for her short novels.
0523230|Spark chamber was a device invented to study electrically charged subatomic particles.
0523280|Sparkman, John Jackson (1899-1985), an Alabama Democrat, served in the United States House of Representatives from 1937 to 1947 and in the U.S. Senate from 1947 to 1979.
0523320|Sparrow is the name of many small, common birds.
0523340|Sparrowhawk is the name of more than 20 species of small birds related to hawks.
0523380|Sparta, also called Lacedaemon, the capital of Laconia, was at one time the most powerful city-state of ancient Greece.
0523400|Spartacus, (?-71B.C.), led a great slave revolt against the Roman Empire.
0523410|Spartina is the name of a group of 16 species of grasses native to North America, South America, western Europe, and northern Africa.
0523460|Spastic paralysis is a condition in which there is poor control over the muscles as a result of damage to the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord).
0523500|Spavin is a common name for two unrelated diseases that affect the hocks of horses.
0523520|Spawn is a word that refers to the eggs of fishes, mollusks, amphibians, and other animals.
0523530|Speaker is an electric device that reproduces sound.
0523540|Speaker is the presiding officer in the lower house of several national, state, and provincial legislatures.
0523560|Speaker, Tris (1888-1958), an American baseball player, was known as the "Gray Eagle" because of his gray hair and his speed in playing centerfield.
0523580|Spear is one of the oldest weapons known to human beings.
0523660|Spearfishing is the sport of hunting fish underwater with a spear or a gun that shoots a spear.
0523680|Spearmint is a type of mint plant that grows in most of the temperate regions of the world.
0523725|Special drawing rights are reserve assets entered in the books of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) as credits for member nations.
0523727|Special education is instruction designed to help both disabled and gifted children use their full learning ability.
0523760|Special Libraries Association is an international organization of professional librarians and information specialists who serve institutions that use or produce specialized information.
0523770|Special Olympics is a year-round international program of athletic training and competition for mentally retarded children and adults.
0523985|Spectrometer is an instrument that spreads out light into a spectrum and displays it for study.
0524100|Speech has several definitions.
0524140|Speech therapy, also called speech-language pathology, is a profession concerned with the evaluation and treatment of speech and language problems.
0524170|Speed reading is the ability to read rapidly and with good understanding.
0524200|Speedometer is an instrument that indicates the speed of an automobile or other vehicle.
0524260|Speedwriting is the registered trademark for a widely used rapid writing system.
0524270|Speer, Albert (1905-1981), directed the production of weapons in Nazi Germany during World War II (1939-1945).
0524300|Speleology is the scientific study of caves.
0524340|Spelling is the way we combine letters to write words.
0524360|Spellman, Francis Joseph Cardinal (1889-1967), served as archbishop of New York City from 1939 until his death.
0524440|Spencer, Anna Garlin (1851-1931), was an American reformer, minister, and educator.
0524460|Spencer, Herbert (1820-1903), was an English philosopher.
0524500|Spender, Sir Stephen (1909-1995), is an English poet.
0524520|Spengler, Oswald (1880-1936), was a German philosopher of history.
0524540|Spenser, Edmund (1552?-1599), was a great Elizabethan poet.
0524600|Sperm whale is the largest of the toothed whales, a group that includes belugas and narwhals.
0524620|Spermaceti is a waxy material obtained from the enormous head of the sperm whale.
0524680|Sperry, Elmer Ambrose (1860-1930), was an American scientist, inventor, and manufacturer.
0524770|Sphalerite is the most important zinc ore.
0524780|Sphere is a solid figure shaped like a ball or globe.
0524800|Spheroid is a solid figure that resembles a sphere but is not perfectly round.
0524840|Sphinx is an imaginary creature of ancient myths.
0524900|Spica is the brightest star in the constellation Virgo.
0524920|Spice is the name given to various food seasonings made from plants.
0524980|Spider is a small, eight-legged animal that spins silk.
0524990|Spider monkey is a large monkey noted for using its tail as an extra limb.
0525000|Spiderwort is the common name for a group of mostly tropical plants.
0525025|Spielberg, Steven (1947- ), is an American motion picture director and producer.
0525060|Spikenard, also called nard, is a plant that grows in China and the Himalaya.
0525090|Spina bifida is a spinal defect that is present at birth.
0525100|Spinach is a popular garden vegetable.
0525180|Spine is the part of the skeleton that extends down the center of the back.
0525200|Spinet is a keyboard musical instrument that was popular from the 1500's to the 1700's.
0525220|Spingarn, Joel Elias, (1875-1939), an American literary critic, was one of the first white leaders of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).
0525240|Spingarn Medal is an annual award that was instituted by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in 1914.
0525300|Spinning is the process of making threads by twisting together plant or animal fibers.
0525320|Spinning jenny is a machine for spinning yarn.
0525340|Spinoza, Baruch, (1632-1677), was a Dutch philosopher.
0525420|Spiraea is the name of a genus of herbs and shrubs in the rose family which bear white, pink, or rose-colored flowers.
0525460|Spire is an architectural term used to describe the tapering structure at the top of a tower.
0525540|Spirit of '76 is a famous patriotic scene painted about 1875 by the American artist Archibald M. Willard.
0525600|Spiritual is a type of religious song made famous by the blacks of the Southern United States.
0525640|Spiritualism is the belief that spirits of the dead can communicate with the living.
0525720|Spirometer is an instrument used to measure the volume of air a person can breathe.
0525780|Spitz is the name of a family of dogs of far northern descent.
0525800|Spleen is a soft, purplish organ located behind and to the left of the stomach in human beings.
0525840|Split (pop. 235,398) is a city in southern Croatia that developed from an ancient Roman town.
0525870|Spock, Benjamin McLane (1903- ), an American pediatrician, became famous for his books on child care.
0525920|Spoils system is the practice of giving public offices as political rewards for party services.
0525940|Spokane, (pop. 177,196; met. area pop. 361,364), is an important commercial center in eastern Washington.
0525960|Sponge is an animal that lives at the bottom of oceans and other bodies of water.
0526000|Spontaneous combustion is burning that may occur when heat generated by chemical changes within a substance becomes trapped inside the substance.
0526020|Spontaneous generation refers to the theory that certain forms of life, such as flies, worms, and mice, can develop directly from nonliving things, such as mud and decaying flesh.
0526140|Spoonbill is a wading bird that looks like an ibis.
0526160|Spore is a tiny, specialized structure that is able to grow into an organism.
0526240|Sport is a change in the hereditary material within cells.
0526280|Sports are organized athletic activities played individually or in teams.
0526300|Sports car is an automobile designed more for performance than for carrying passengers or luggage.
0526310|Sports medicine is a field that provides health care for physically active people.
0526320|Spot is a popular sport fish found in shallow coastal waters, estuaries, and sounds along the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts.
0526380|Spotswood, Alexander (1676-1740), was a lieutenant governor of colonial Virginia.
0526443|Spotted owl is an owl that lives in the forested mountains of western North America.
0526450|Spotted Tail (1823?-1881) was a leader of the Brule band of the Teton Sioux Indians.
0526480|Sprain is an injury to a ligament or to the tissue that covers a joint.
0526500|Sprat is one of the smaller sea fish in the herring family.
0526560|Spreadsheet is a computer program used to organize numerical and other data in rows and columns, and then to perform calculations involving the rows and columns of numbers.
0526600|Spring is a natural source of water that flows from the ground.
0526620|Spring is a device that recovers its shape after an outside force changes that shape and is then removed.
0526640|Spring is the season between winter and summer.
0526690|Spring-beauty is a type of North American wild flower that blooms in early spring.
0526720|Springbok, also called springbuck, is an antelope that lives on the grassy open plains of southwestern Africa.
0526800|Springfield, Ill. (pop. 105,227; met. area pop. 189,550), is the state capital and the center of a rich farming region.
0526820|Springfield, Mass. (pop. 156,983; met. area pop. 587,884), is a commercial, educational, financial, and industrial center in the southwestern part of the state.
0526840|Springfield, Mo. (pop. 140,494; met. area pop. 264,346), is the third largest city in the state.
0526870|Springhare is a rodent that lives in eastern and southern Africa.
0526890|Springsteen, Bruce (1949- ), is a popular American singer, songwriter, and guitarist.
0526960|Spruance, Raymond Ames (1886-1969), was one of the top United States naval commanders during World War II (1939-1945).
0526980|Spruce is the common name of a group of evergreen conifers (cone-bearing trees) in the pine family.
0526990|Spruce budworm is a highly destructive forest insect pest that lives throughout the northern United States and southern Canada.
0527040|Spurge family is the common name for a large family of herbs, shrubs, and trees.
0527080|Sputnik is the name of a series of unmanned satellites launched by the Soviet Union.
0527120|Spy is a person who tries to get secret information, especially about the enemy in time of war.
0527160|Spyri, Johanna (1827-1901), was a Swiss author of books for children.
0527260|Squall is a sudden rise in the wind, often with a marked change in wind direction.
0527280|Squanto, (1585?-1622), also called Tisquantum, was a Patuxet Indian who befriended the Pilgrims.
0527300|Square, in geometry, is a plane figure that has four equal straight sides and four right (90 degree) angles.
0527320|Square dancing is a type of American folk dancing performed by groups of four couples.
0527360|Square measure is the system used in the measurement of surfaces.
0527380|Square root of a number is a second number whose product with itself gives the original number.
0527400|Squash is any of more than 40 kinds of gourd-shaped vegetables.
0527420|Squash, also called squash racquets, is an indoor game that is similar to handball.
0527440|Squatter is a person who lives on land without having a title or other legal authority and without paying rent.
0527480|Squatter's rights are claims made by settlers to the land on which they have settled.
0527540|Squid is a marine mollusk (animal with a soft, boneless body) that is similar to the octopus, nautilus, and cuttlefish.
0527560|Squill is the name of several plants with bulbous roots.
0527620|Squirrel is any of a group of small to medium-sized gnawing animals with a long, cylindrical body; a furry tail; and powerful jaws.
0527670|Squirrel monkey is a small, brightly colored monkey that lives in large groups.
0527705|SRI International is a nonprofit, independent contract research organization.
0527710|Sri Lanka is a beautiful island country in the Indian Ocean.
0527860|Stadium is a large structure for spectators built around a playing field or arena.
0527880|Stael, Madame de (1766-1817), was a prominent French critic and novelist of the early 1800's.
0527910|Stafford, Jean (1915-1979), was an American novelist and short-story writer famous for her sensitive portrayals of lonely, troubled individuals.
0528010|Staffordshire bull terrier is a powerful, heavyset dog.
0528060|Stag beetle is the name of a family of beetles in which some males have oddly enlarged jaws.
0528160|Stagecoach was a horse-drawn coach used to carry passengers and mail on a regular route.
0528180|Stagg, Amos Alonzo (1862-1965), was one of the most successful and creative coaches in American college football.
0528200|Stain is a liquid similar to paint that is used to color wood and other absorbent materials.
0528220|Stained glass is colored glass that has been cut into pieces and reassembled to form a picture or decorative design.
0528240|Stainless steel is the name of a family of alloy steels that resist corrosion (rust).
0528320|Stalactite is a beautiful stone formation found in some limestone caves.
0528340|Stalagmite is a stone formation that rises up from the floors of caves, especially in limestone caverns.
0528360|Stalin, Joseph (1879-1953), was dictator of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R.) from 1929 until 1953.
0528420|Stalingrad, Battle of, one of the most important battles of history was a turning point in World War II (1939-1945).
0528600|Stamford (pop. 108,056) is an important business center in southwestern Connecticut.
0528660|Stamp is an official mark or seal or a small printed piece of paper with one glued surface.
0528680|Stamp Act was passed by the British Parliament in March 1765.
0528700|Stamp collecting is one of the most popular collecting hobbies in the world.
0528760|Standard & Poor's indexes are statistics that are used to measure the level of American stock market prices.
0528820|Standard of living usually refers to the economic level achieved by an individual, family, or nation.
0528840|Standard Oil Company was one of the richest and most powerful businesses in the world during the late 1800's and early 1900's.
0528860|Standard schnauzer is a sturdily built dog with a wiry coat, bushy eyebrows, and whiskers and beard.
0528880|Standard time is a worldwide system of uniform time zones.
0528980|Standish, Miles (1584?-1656), came to America with the Pilgrims on the ship Mayflower.
0529010|Stanfield, Robert Lorne (1914- ), was leader of Canada's Progressive Conservative Party from 1967 to 1976.
0529020|Stanford, Leland (1824-1893), was a railroad builder, governor of California, and United States senator.
0529080|Stanford University is a leading educational and research center in the United States.
0529140|Stanislas, Saint (1030-1079), is the patron saint of Poland and the city of Krakow, where he served as bishop.
0529180|Stanislavski, Konstantin (1863-1938), was the stage name of an influential Russian stage director.
0529300|Stanley and Livingstone were two British explorers who excited the Western world with their travels in Africa.
0529310|Stanley brothers were two American inventors and manufacturers who built the Stanley steamer, one of the most famous steam-powered automobiles.
0529320|Stanley Cup is a trophy awarded annually to the team that wins the National Hockey League (NHL) championship.
0529360|Stanley of Preston, Baron (1841-1908), served as governor general of Canada from 1888 to 1893.
0529420|Stanton, Edwin McMasters (1814-1869), an American statesman, served as secretary of war in the Cabinet of President Abraham Lincoln.
0529440|Stanton, Elizabeth Cady (1815-1902), was an early leader of the women's rights movement.
0529480|Staphylococcus is a common organism that belongs to a group of round bacteria.
0529495|Stapledon, Olaf (1886-1950), was a major British author of science fiction.
0529540|Star is a huge ball of glowing gas in the sky.
0529600|Star Chamber was an English court of law during the 1500's and 1600's.
0529680|Star-of-Bethlehem is a small, hardy plant of the lily family.
0529700|Star of David, also called the Shield of David, is the universal symbol of Judaism.
0529760|Star-Spangled Banner is the national anthem of the United States.
0529820|Starch is a white, powdery substance found in the living cells of green plants.
0529840|Starfish, also called sea star, is a spiny-skinned sea animal that has thick, armlike extensions on its body.
0529900|Stark, John (1728-1822), was a leading American general in the Revolutionary War.
0529920|Starling is the name of several songbirds related to mynas.
0529925|Starr, Belle (1848-1889), has been considered one of the few female outlaws in the United States.
0529960|Stars and Stripes is a daily newspaper that presents news, editorials, and features of interest to military personnel stationed outside the United States.
0529980|Starter is a device that sets an engine in motion.
0530000|Starvation occurs when a living thing dies from lack of any food substance essential for life.
0530040|Stassen, Harold Edward (1907- ), an American political leader, became famous for repeatedly running for President.
0530080|State, Department of, is the executive department of the United States government that handles U.S. relations with other governments.
0530260|State government provides many services and regulates many activities for the people of a state.
0530360|State press is a system of publishing operated by a government or a government-controlled political party.
0530460|Staten Island forms one of New York City's five boroughs (districts).
0530540|States' rights is a doctrine aimed at protecting the rights and powers of the states against those of the federal government.
0530580|Statesman is a person with a broad general knowledge of government and politics, who takes a leading part in public affairs.
0530600|Static is a term for a disturbance in a radio or television receiver, usually caused by atmospheric electricity.
0530640|Statice is a name commonly applied to sea lavenders, a group of herbs or shrubs used in rock gardens and flower bed borders.
0530660|Statics is one of the two branches of mechanics, the science that studies the effects of forces on bodies at rest or in motion.
0530720|Statistics is a set of methods that are used to collect and analyze data.
0530800|Statuary Hall is a room in the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C., that houses statues of outstanding citizens from many states.
0530840|Statue of Liberty is the majestic copper sculpture that towers above Liberty Island at the entrance to New York Harbor in Upper New York Bay.
0530860|Statue of Liberty National Monument is on Ellis and Liberty islands in New York harbor.
0530940|Statute of limitations is a law that sets a time limit for the filing of lawsuits.
0531120|Steam is water that has been changed into gas and is at least as hot as 100 degrees C (212 degrees F.), the boiling point of water.
0531140|Steam engine is any engine that is operated by the energy of expanding steam.
0531180|Steam hammer is a power-driven hammer that is used to make heavy forgings.
0531260|Steamboat is a term used for steam-driven vessels that sail on rivers.
0531320|Stearic acid is a valuable organic fatty acid that comes from many animal and vegetable fats and oils.
0531460|Steele, Sir Richard (1672-1729), an Irish-born writer, created the popular journalistic essays that were published as The Tatler.
0531520|Steelworkers of America, United (USWA), is one of the largest labor unions in the United States.
0531530|Steen, Jan, (1626?-1679), was a Dutch painter.
0531540|Steenbok, also spelled steinbok, is a small antelope that lives in southern and east-central Africa.
0531600|Steeplechasing is a sport in which horses ridden by jockeys race over a series of obstacles on a course 2 to 4 1/2 miles (3 to 7.2 kilometers) long.
0531700|Steffens, Lincoln (1866-1936), was an American author, editor, lecturer, and reformer.
0531720|Stegosaurus was a large, plant-eating dinosaur that lived about 150 million years ago in what is now the western United States.
0531740|Steichen, Edward (1879-1973), was an American photographer who helped develop photography as a creative art.
0531780|Stein, Gertrude (1874-1946), was an American author who introduced a unique style of writing.
0531800|Steinbeck, John (1902-1968), an American author, won the 1962 Nobel Prize for literature.
0531820|Steinberg, Saul (1914- ), is an artist noted for his humorous and thought-provoking pen-and-ink drawings.
0531845|Steinem, Gloria (1934- ), is a writer and a leading supporter of the women's liberation movement in the United States.
0531847|Steiner, Rudolf (1861-1925), was an Austrian-born philosopher who founded a spiritual movement called anthroposophy.
0531860|Steinmetz, Charles Proteus, (1865-1923), was a German-born mathematician and engineer.
0531870|Steinway, Henry Engelhard (1797-1871), was a German-born piano maker who founded the Steinway & Sons piano company.
0531885|Stella, Frank (1936- ), is an American artist known for his abstract paintings.
0531940|Stem is the part of a plant that produces and supports the buds, leaves, flowers, and fruit.
0532000|Stendhal, (1783-1842), is the pen name of Marie Henri Beyle, one of the chief figures in the history of the French psychological novel.
0532020|Stengel, Casey (1890-1975), was one of the most successful managers in baseball history.
0532100|Stephen (1097?-1154) was a king of England whose reign was so full of strife that it came to be known as The Anarchy.
0532140|Stephen, George (1829-1921), was a Canadian financier.
0532160|Stephen, Saint, was the first Christian martyr.
0532220|Stephens, Alexander Hamilton (1812-1883), was vice president of the Confederate States of America during the Civil War (1861-1865).
0532240|Stephens, James (1882?-1950), was an Irish author.
0532260|Stephens, John Lloyd (1805-1852), was an American explorer and writer who aroused wide interest in the ancient Maya civilization of Central America.
0532281|Stephenson, George (1781-1848), was a British engineer whose inventions helped create the British railway system.
0532282|Stephenson, Robert (1803-1859), was a British engineer noted chiefly for the great bridges and viaducts he built.
0532300|Stepinac, Aloysius Cardinal, (1898-1960), was a Croatian religious leader.
0532340|Steppe is an area covered chiefly by short grasses.
0532410|Stereophonic sound system is electronic equipment that reproduces lifelike sound, especially music, that seems to have depth and to come from many directions.
0532440|Stereoscope is an optical viewing device that makes photographs seem to have three dimensions.
0532460|Stereotyping is the method of making metal plates for use in printing.
0532480|Sterility, refers to the inability to reproduce.
0532500|Sterilization, in medicine and bacteriology, means the killing of germs.
0532580|Stern, Isaac (1920- ), is an outstanding American violinist.
0532640|Sterne, Laurence (1713-1768), was an English clergyman who suddenly became famous as the author of The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman (1760-1767).
0532670|Steroid is any of a class of chemical compounds important in chemistry, biology, and medicine.
0532700|Stethoscope is a device physicians use to hear the sounds produced by certain organs of the body, such as the heart, lungs, intestines, veins, and arteries.
0532720|Stetson, John Batterson (1830-1906), was an American hat manufacturer and philanthropist.
0532780|Stettinius, Edward Riley, Jr. (1900-1949), was secretary of state under Presidents Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry S. Truman.
0532800|Steuben, Baron von (1730-1794), was a Prussian soldier who served in the American army during the Revolutionary War in America (1775-1783).
0532881|Stevens, John (1749-1838), was an American engineer who urged the use of railroads rather than canals for transportation in the United States.
0532940|Stevens, John Paul (1920- ), became an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States in 1975.
0532950|Stevens, Robert Livingston (1787-1856), an American engineer, designed and built more than 20 steam-powered ships.
0532960|Stevens, Thaddeus (1792-1868), of Pennsylvania was a leader of the Radical Republicans, a powerful group of Northern congressmen in the United States House of Representatives.
0532980|Stevens, Wallace (1879-1955), was an American poet.
0533040|Stevenson, Adlai Ewing (1835-1914), was Vice President of the United States from 1893 to 1897 under President Grover Cleveland.
0533060|Stevenson, Adlai Ewing (1900-1965), was the Democratic nominee for President of the United States in 1952 and 1956.
0533100|Stevenson, Robert (1772-1850), was a Scottish civil engineer noted as a builder of lighthouses.
0533120|Stevenson, Robert Louis (1850-1894), was a Scottish novelist, essayist, and poet who became one of the world's most popular writers.
0533145|Stewart, James (1908- ), is a lanky American motion-picture actor who speaks with a distinctive drawl.
0533160|Stewart, Potter (1915-1985), was an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1958 to 1981.
0533320|Stickleback is a name given to a family of small fishes of the Northern Hemisphere.
0533360|Stiegel, Henry William (1729-1785), was an important early American manufacturer of fine glass.
0533380|Stieglitz, Alfred (1864-1946), was an American photographer who pioneered in photography as an art form.
0533500|Still, Clyfford (1904-1980), an American painter, was a leading member of the abstract expressionist movement.
0533510|Still, William Grant (1895-1978), was an American composer whose numerous works include five symphonies and nine operas.
0533520|Stillwater, Minn. (pop. 13,882), is 18 miles (29 kilometers) northeast of St. Paul.
0533560|Stilt is a wading bird with long, slender legs.
0533600|Stilwell, Joseph Warren (1883-1946), commanded all the United States forces in the China-Burma-India theater of war during World War II (1939-1945).
0533660|Stimulant is a substance that causes an increase in the activity of an organ of the body.
0533720|Stingray, also called stingaree, is a ray, or flattish fish.
0533740|Stink bug is a kind of insect that gives off a foul odor when disturbed.
0533790|Stirling engine is an experimental source of power that someday may be used in cars, boats, and other vehicles.
0533860|Stock is a name given to about 50 species of garden flowers.
0533880|Stock, Capital, is a right of ownership in a corporation.
0533940|Stock exchange is a market place where member brokers act as agents for the public in buying and selling shares of stock.
0534000|Stock ticker is an electronic display that shows purchases and sales of stock.
0534030|Stockhausen, Karlheinz (1928- ), a German composer, has been a leading force in the development of modern music since the early 1950's.
0534060|Stockholm (pop. 692,954) is the capital and largest city of Sweden.
0534080|Stockings are articles of clothing that fit snugly over the feet and part or all of the legs.
0534100|Stocks are an old device used for punishment.
0534140|Stockton, Frank Richard (1834-1902), was an American author who wrote humorous short stories and novels.
0534160|Stockton, Richard (1730-1781), was a New Jersey signer of the Declaration of Independence.
0534220|Stoddert, Benjamin (1751-1813), served as the first secretary of the Navy of the United States.
0534240|Stoic philosophy flourished from about 300 B.C. to A.D. 300.
0534260|Stoke-on-Trent (pop. 248,700), a city in west-central England, is the pottery center of the United Kingdom.
0534300|Stoker, Bram (1847-1912), a British author, wrote Dracula (1897), one of the most famous horror stories of all time.
0534310|Stokes, Carl Burton (1927-1996), served as mayor of Cleveland from 1967 to 1971.
0534320|Stokowski, Leopold (1882-1977), was a flamboyant and somewhat controversial conductor.
0534380|Stomach is an enlarged part of the alimentary canal.
0534480|Stone, Edward Durell (1902-1978), was an American architect best known for his decorative use of concrete.
0534500|Stone, Harlan Fiske (1872-1946), served as chief justice of the United States from 1941 until his death.
0534540|Stone, Lucy (1818-1893), helped organize the women's rights movement in the United States.
0534580|Stone, Oliver (1946- ), is an American film director, screenwriter, and producer.
0534620|Stone, Thomas (1743-1787), was a Maryland signer of the Declaration of Independence.
0534640|Stone Age is a term used to designate the period in all human cultures when people used stone, rather than metal, tools.
0534740|Stone Mountain is a huge, rounded mass of light-gray granite, about 16 miles (26 kilometers) east of Atlanta, Ga. (It is the largest stone mountain, or smooth-sided rock dome, in North America.
0534780|Stonechat is the name of a small bird that lives in Europe, Asia, and Africa.
0534805|Stonefish is an extremely poisonous type of fish that lives along the bottom of tropical, shallow waters around coral reefs.
0534810|Stonefly is a weak-flying insect.
0534820|Stonehenge is an ancient monument on the Salisbury Plain in Wiltshire, a county in southwestern England.
0534900|Stoneware is a hard, nonporous kind of pottery.
0534950|Stoppard, Tom (1937- ), is a major English playwright.
0535020|Stork is the name of a group of birds with long legs, strong wings, and a long, pointed beak.
0535040|Storm usually refers to unpleasant or destructive weather, consisting of rain, snow, freezing precipitation, hail, strong winds, or a combination of these.
0535080|Stormalong, Alfred Bulltop, was a gigantic sea captain in New England folklore.
0535140|Story, Joseph (1779-1845), served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1812 to 1845.
0535160|Storytelling is one of the oldest forms of folk art.
0535180|Stoss, Veit, (1440?-1533), was a German sculptor.
0535220|Stout, Rex Todhunter (1886-1975), was an American detective-story writer.
0535280|Stowe, Harriet Beecher (1811-1896), is remembered chiefly for her antislavery novel, Uncle Tom's Cabin (1851-1852).
0535300|Strabismus is an abnormal condition of the eyes in which one eye is fixed on one object and the other eye is fixed on another object.
0535320|Strabo, (63 B.C.?-A.D. 24?), was a Greek geographer and historian.
0535340|Strachey, Lytton, (1880-1932), was an English biographer, essayist, and literary critic.
0535360|Stradivari, Antonio (1644?-1737), was one of the leading instrument makers in music history.
0535380|Strafford, Earl of (1593-1641), was an English statesman.
0535420|Strait is a narrow waterway connecting two larger bodies of water.
0535440|Straits Settlements, in southeastern Asia, were part of colonial British Malaya.
0535490|Strand, Paul (1890-1976), an American photographer, helped develop photography as an art.
0535540|Strasbourg, (pop. 255,937; met. area pop. 388,483), is a trading center in France.
0535580|Strassmann, Fritz (1902-1980), was a German chemist.
0535600|Strategic Air Command (SAC) was the largest organization of the United States Air Force until June 1992, when an Air Force reorganization eliminated the command.
0535610|Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT), a series of meetings between the Soviet Union and the United States, took place between 1969 and 1979.
0535612|Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START) refers to either of two arms agreements designed to reduce the numbers of long-range nuclear weapons.
0535615|Strategic Defense Initiative was a United States effort lasting from 1983 to 1993 to develop a high-technology system of defense against nuclear missiles.
0535620|Strategic Services, Office of (OSS), was a secret intelligence agency of the United States government during World War II (1939-1945).
0535630|Stratemeyer, Edward (1862-1930), was an American author who created some of the most popular characters in children's literature.
0535660|Stratford-upon-Avon is a quiet English market town famous as the birthplace of William Shakespeare.
0535680|Strathcona and Mount Royal, Baron of (1820-1914), Donald Alexander Smith, was a Canadian fur trader, railroad builder, financier, statesman, and philanthropist.
0535720|Stratified rock consists of layers, or strata.
0535760|Stratosphere is a layer of the earth's atmosphere.
0535780|Stratton, Charles Sherwood (1838-1883), was an American midget who became best known by his circus name, General Tom Thumb.
0535860|Straus, Oscar (1870-1954), an Austrian composer, was the last of the successful Viennese operetta composers.
0535885|Strauss, Johann, Sr. (1804-1849), was an Austrian composer who became known as the "Father of the Waltz.
0535890|Strauss, Johann, Jr. (1825-1899), was an Austrian composer who became known as the "Waltz King.
0535895|Strauss, Levi (1829-1902), was an American clothing manufacturer.
0535900|Strauss, Richard, (1864-1949), was a German composer.
0535920|Stravinsky, Igor, (1882-1971), was a Russian-born composer.
0535940|Straw consists of the dried stems of such grains as wheat, rye, oats, and barley.
0535960|Strawberry, a small plant of the rose family, is grown for its tasty heart-shaped fruit.
0536000|Strawflower is a tall herb grown for its yellow, orange, red, or white flowers.
0536040|Streamlining is the shaping of a body so that it meets the smallest amount of resistance as it moves through a fluid (liquid or gas).
0536050|Streep, Meryl, (1949- ), is an American actress.
0536080|Streetcar is a passenger vehicle that runs on rails laid in city streets.
0536090|Streisand, Barbra, (1942- ), is an American singer and actress who became famous for her dramatic interpretation of popular songs.
0536110|Strep throat is an infectious disease that affects the membranes of the throat and tonsils.
0536140|Streptococcus, (plural, streptococci), is a genus (group) of bacteria that share certain characteristics.
0536160|Streptomycin is an antibiotic that fights certain disease-causing bacteria.
0536195|Stress is a body condition that occurs in response to actual or anticipated difficulties in life.
0536200|Stress test, also called exercise stress test or stress ECG, is a test that measures the functioning of the heart during physical exercise.
0536220|Strike, in business and industry, is a stopping of work by a group of employees.
0536240|Strindberg, August (1849-1912), was a Swedish author who became one of the most influential dramatists of his time.
0536410|Stroessner, Alfredo, (1912- ), served as president of Paraguay from 1954 until 1989.
0536420|Stroke is the sudden loss of brain function.
0536440|Stromboli is an Italian island in the Tyrrhenian Sea off the northeastern coast of Sicily.
0536500|Strontium, a chemical element, is a soft, silvery metal.
0536600|Struve, Otto (1897-1963), was an American astronomer who contributed much to the study of stars.
0536620|Strychnine is a bitter and poisonous drug obtained from the seeds of plants such as the nux vomica tree, found in India and Indonesia.
0536660|Stuart, Gilbert Charles (1755-1828), was an American artist.
0536680|Stuart, House of, was a royal family of England and Scotland.
0536710|Stuart, Jeb (1833-1864), was a Confederate cavalry general.
0536720|Stuart, Jesse Hilton (1907-1984), was an American author known for his writings about the mountain region of Kentucky.
0536881|Studebaker, Clement (1831-1901), an American manufacturer, founded a wagon-building business that later developed into the Studebaker Corporation.
0536882|Studebaker, John Mohler (1833-1917), was an American automobile manufacturer.
0536900|Student government is an activity in which students take part in the government of their school, college, or university.
0536918|Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), also called "Snick," was a civil rights organization in the United States during the 1960's.
0536935|Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) was a radical political organization in the United States during the 1960's.
0536960|Study is an effort to learn about any subject.
0536980|Sturgeon is the common name of a family of large fishes living in the fresh waters and seas of the North Temperate Zone.
0536990|Sturgeon, Theodore (1918-1985), was an American author of fantasy and science fiction.
0537010|Sturges, Preston (1898-1959), was an American motion-picture writer and director.
0537060|Stuttering, also called stammering, is a form of speech characterized by repetitions of sounds or syllables, by prolonged sounds, by hesitations, or by complete verbal blocks when no sound is produced.
0537080|Stuttgart, (pop. 561,628), is the capital of the German state of BadenWurttemberg.
0537100|Stuyvesant, Peter (1610?-1672), was the last Dutch governor of New Netherland.
0537120|Sty is an infection of a follicle (sac) from which an eyelash grows or of a gland in the eyelid.
0537230|Styron, William (1925- ), is an American novelist.
0537240|Styx was a gloomy river of the underworld in Greek and Roman mythology.
0537260|Suarez, Francisco (1548-1617), was a Spanish theologian and a founder of the philosophy of international law.
0537270|Subatomic particle is a unit of matter smaller than an atom.
0537380|Sublette, William Lewis (1799?-1845), was an American fur trader and merchant.
0537400|Sublimation is the process by which a solid substance changes into a gas, or vapor, without first becoming a liquid.
0537440|Subliminal, refers to stimuli that are so weak or last so short a time that a person is not aware of them.
0537480|Submarine is a ship that travels underwater.
0537540|Subpoena, also spelled subpena, is a written legal order to appear as a witness and give testimony in court.
0537580|Subsidy is a money payment or other form of aid that the government gives to a person or organization.
0537620|Subtraction is a way of taking away a number of things from a larger number.
0537640|Suburb is a community next to or near a central city.
0537680|Subway is an electric, underground railway designed to move large numbers of people quickly to their destinations.
0537700|Succession wars. Wars growing out of disputes over who should succeed to (inherit) a throne are called succession wars.
0537760|Succulent is the name for a fleshy plant, such as a cactus, that has large stems or leaves in which water is stored.
0537800|Sucker is the name given to several kinds of fishes closely related to the minnow family.
0537840|Suckling, Sir John (1609-1642), was the most famous member of the Cavalier poets, a group associated with the court of King Charles I of England.
0537860|Sucre, (pop. 79,941), is the official capital of Bolivia.
0537900|Sucre, Antonio Jose de (1795-1830), was commander of the armies that liberated Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia from Spain.
0537910|Sucrose is the chemical name for common table sugar.
0537940|Sudan is the largest country in Africa in area.
0537960|Sudan grass is a tall grass plant primarily used as feed for livestock.
0537980|Sudbury, Ont. (pop. 92,884; met. area pop. 157,613), is a world center of nickel production.
0537990|Sudden infant death syndrome, also called SIDS or crib death, is an unexplained ailment that results in the death of an apparently healthy baby.
0538000|Sudermann, Hermann (1857-1928), was a German dramatist and novelist associated with the naturalism movement.
0538020|Sudetenland is a historic region consisting of northern, southern, and western border regions of what is now the Czech Republic.
0538080|Suess, Eduard (1831-1914), an Austrian geologist, became famous for his work on changes of the earth's surface.
0538100|Suet is the hard, white fat around the kidneys and loins of cattle and mature sheep.
0538120|Suetonius, (A.D. 69?-140?), was a Roman biographer.
0538140|Suez, (pop. 388,000), is an Egyptian city at the southern entrance to the Suez Canal.
0538160|Suez Canal is a narrow, artificial waterway in Egypt that joins the Mediterranean and Red seas.
0538300|Sugar is a food widely used as a sweetener.
0538310|Sugar beet is a plant grown for the sugar contained in its large, fleshy root.
0538340|Sugar cane is a tall grass plant that grows in tropical and semitropical countries.
0538440|Suggestion, in psychology, is the acceptance of an idea by the mind without critical thought.
0538450|Suharto, (1921- ), also spelled Soeharto, became president of Indonesia in 1968.
0538455|Sui dynasty was a Chinese dynasty (family of rulers) that governed from A.D. 581 to 618.
0538460|Suicide is the act of deliberately killing oneself.
0538480|Suit. People who seek the help of a court of law to enforce their rights are said to "bring suit.
0538500|Suite is a type of musical composition.
0538520|Sukarno, (1901-1970), also spelled Soekarno, was president of Indonesia from 1945 to 1967.
0538540|Sukkot is a Jewish festival that begins on the 15th day of the Hebrew month of Tishri (approximately September and October).
0538600|Suleiman I, (1494-1566), became known in the Western world as The Magnificent.
0538620|Sulfa drug is any of a group of chemically related antibacterial compounds.
0538640|Sulfate is a chemical compound that contains a certain group of associated atoms of sulfur and oxygen.
0538660|Sulfide is a chemical compound that contains sulfur and some other element, usually a metal.
0538700|Sulfur is a yellow, nonmetallic chemical element that is found in many parts of the world.
0538720|Sulfur dioxide is a colorless, poisonous gas with a sharp odor.
0538740|Sulfuric acid is a colorless, dense, oily liquid that is extremely corrosive.
0538760|Sulgrave Manor is an estate in Northamptonshire, England, which is regarded as the home of George Washington's ancestors.
0538780|Sulla, Lucius Cornelius (138-78 B.C.), reformed the Roman government.
0538800|Sullivan, Anne Mansfield (1866-1936), became known as the teacher of Helen Keller, a deaf and blind woman who won international fame.
0538820|Sullivan, Sir Arthur Seymour (1842-1900), was an English composer and conductor best known for a series of comic operettas he wrote with the English playwright Sir William Gilbert.
0538830|Sullivan, Harry Stack (1892-1949), was an American psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who believed that an individual's personality is formed by the person's relationships with others.
0538860|Sullivan, John L. (1858-1918), was a famous American heavyweight boxing champion.
0538870|Sullivan, Leon Howard (1922- ), is a Baptist minister and civil rights leader who organizes economic self-help programs for African Americans.
0538880|Sullivan, Louis Henri (1856-1924), was one of the greatest American architects.
0538890|Sullivan, Louis Wade (1933- ), was United States secretary of health and human services from 1989 to 1993 under President George Bush.
0538920|Sully, Thomas (1783-1872), an American painter, was noted for his elegant portraits.
0538930|Sully Prudhomme, (1839-1907), a French poet, won the first Nobel Prize for literature in 1901.
0539000|Sultan is a title given to some Muslim rulers.
0539040|Sulu Sea lies between the Philippine Islands and Borneo.
0539061|Sulzberger, Arthur Hays (1891-1968), was the publisher of The New York Times from 1935 to 1961.
0539062|Sulzberger, Arthur Ochs (1926- ), was the publisher of The New York Times from 1963 until his retirement in 1992.
0539080|Sumac is the name of a group of small trees and shrubs in the cashew family.
0539160|Sumer, an ancient region in southern Mesopotamia (now southeastern Iraq), was the birthplace of the world's first civilization.
0539200|Summer is the warmest season of the year.
0539280|Summons is an order served (delivered) by a sheriff or other officer of a court.
0539300|Sumner, Charles (1811-1874), was a famous statesman and antislavery leader in the United States.
0539330|Sumner, William Graham (1840-1910), was an American sociologist known for his study of popular traditions and customs.
0539360|Sumptuary law. The word sumptuary comes from a Latin word which means expenditure.
0539440|Sun is a huge, glowing ball of gases at the center of the solar system.
0539500|Sun dance ranks as one of the most important religious ceremonies of almost all the Indian tribes of the Great Plains of the United States.
0539540|Sun lamp is an electrical device that produces artificial ultraviolet radiation.
0539580|Sun Valley, Idaho (pop. 938), a famous resort, lies in the Sawtooth Mountains of south-central Idaho.
0539600|Sun worship was a religious practice that developed in some lands as people came to associate the sun with the growing season and with warmth.
0539620|Sun Yat-sen, (1866-1925), a Chinese statesman and revolutionary leader, fought to establish a republic of China.
0539640|Sunbird is the common name of about 115 species of small songbirds.
0539660|Sunburn is a painful inflammation of the skin that is caused by overexposure to the invisible ultraviolet rays of the sun.
0539700|Sunday is the first day of the week.
0539720|Sunday, Billy (1862-1935), was a baseball player who became a famous evangelist.
0539780|Sundew is an unusual plant that traps and digests insects.
0539800|Sundial is the oldest known device for the measurement of time.
0539810|Sundiata Keita (?-1255) ruled the Mali Empire in West Africa from about 1240 to 1255.
0539840|Sunfish is a name for several kinds of fishes.
0539860|Sunflower is a tall plant known for its showy yellow flowers.
0539910|Sunni Ali, (?-1492?), ruled the Songhai Empire in West Africa from 1464 to 1492.
0539920|Sunnites are the followers of the Sunni division of the Islamic religion.
0539970|Sunset laws are laws that require certain state government agencies and programs to be reviewed regularly by the state legislature.
0539990|Sunshine laws are laws that require federal, state, and local government agencies to conduct their meetings as openly as possible.
0540040|Sunspot is a relatively dark area on the surface of the sun.
0540110|Superconductivity is a phenomenon in which certain metals, alloys, organic compounds, and ceramics conduct electricity without resistance.
0540280|Supermarket is a large store that sells food and various other products.
0540310|Supernova is an exploding star that can become billions of times as bright as the sun before gradually fading from view.
0540360|Superstition is a traditional belief that a certain action or event can cause or foretell an apparently unrelated event.
0540400|Suppe, Franz von, (1819-1895), was an Austrian composer and conductor.
0540420|Supply and demand are economic forces that determine the amount of a product that is produced and its price.
0540480|Supreme Court of Canada is Canada's highest court.
0540500|Supreme Court of the United States is the highest court in the nation.
0540560|Surabaya, (pop. 2,159,170), also spelled Surabaja, is the second largest city in Indonesia.
0540660|Surface tension is a force that causes the surface of liquids to behave in certain ways.
0540680|Surfing is an exciting water sport in which a person rides waves, usually in the ocean.
0540750|Surgeon general of the United States serves as the nation's chief health adviser.
0540820|Surgery is the branch of medicine that deals with the treatment of disease, deformities, or injuries by operations.
0540860|Surinam toad is an odd-shaped toad known for the unusual way it raises its young.
0540870|Suriname is a country on the northeast coast of South America.
0540920|Surrealism is a movement in art and literature.
0540960|Surrey, Earl of (1517?-1547), is usually linked in literary history with Sir Thomas Wyatt.
0541000|Surveying is the technique of measuring to determine the position of points, or of marking out points and boundaries.
0541080|Susa, also called Shush, was once the capital of the ancient Kingdom of Elam and the Persian Empire.
0541140|Suspension is a mixture in which the particles of a substance separate from a liquid or gas slowly.
0541180|Susquehanna River is a swift but shallow waterway that flows through industrial and farm areas in the Eastern United States.
0541260|Sussex spaniel is a breed of dog that originated in England.
0541290|Sutherland, Dame Joan (1926- ), an Australian operatic soprano, won acclaim for her brilliant vocal technique.
0541300|Sutherland Falls is the fifth highest mountain waterfall in the world.
0541340|Suttee is a Hindu custom once widely practiced in India.
0541390|Suva, (pop. 71,608), is the capital and largest city of Fiji, an island country in the South Pacific Ocean.
0541400|Suwannee River, winds for about 190 miles (306 kilometers) through southern Georgia and northern Florida and empties into the Gulf of Mexico.
0541420|Suzhou, (pop. 673,308), is an ancient Chinese city known for its canals, gardens, and pagodas (temples).
0541430|Suzuki method is a way of teaching children how to play certain musical instruments at a very early age.
0541440|Svalbard is a group of islands in the Arctic Ocean, about midway between Norway and the North Pole.
0541500|Swahili are an African people of mixed Bantu and Arab ancestry.
0541540|Swallow is a type of small, graceful bird.
0541580|Swammerdam, Jan, (1637-1680), was a Dutch anatomist and zoologist.
0541600|Swamp is a wet area of land where trees and shrubs grow and where surface water is present for at least part of the year.
0541680|Swan is a water bird closely related to ducks and geese.
0541685|Swanscombe fossil is the only known remains of a type of prehistoric human being that lived about 350,000 years ago.
0541700|Swansea, (pop. 187,400), is the second largest city in Wales.
0541780|Swastika is an ancient symbol often used as an ornament or a religious sign.
0541820|Swaziland is a small, beautiful country in southern Africa.
0541900|Sweatshop is a term for makeshift factories where poverty-stricken people--mostly women and children--work at top speed for 12 or more hours a day in an effort to earn a living wage.
0541920|Sweden is a prosperous industrial nation in northern Europe.
0541960|Swedenborgians, follow the formulation of Christian doctrine as set forth by Emanuel Swedenborg, a Swedish theologian.
0542020|Sweet alyssum is a low, spreading plant with clusters of tiny lavender or white flowers.
0542070|Sweet cicely is a European herb with fragrant leaves that taste much like anise.
0542100|Sweet flag is a tall reedlike plant of the arum family.
0542120|Sweet gum, also called red gum, is a tall, stately tree.
0542140|Sweet pea is a favorite garden flower that belongs to the same family as the kind of pea that we eat.
0542160|Sweet potato is a vegetable with large, fleshy, edible roots.
0542180|Sweet William is a popular garden plant that is native to northern Europe and Asia.
0542200|Sweetbread is a mild-flavored meat that comes from the thymus of a young calf or lamb, or the pancreas of a hog.
0542280|Swift is a small bird that can fly for many hours with its long, strong wings.
0542300|Swift is the name of certain small, quick-moving lizards.
0542310|Swift, Gustavus Franklin (1839-1903), was an American businessman who founded one of the world's leading meat-packing companies, Swift & Company.
0542320|Swift, Jonathan (1667-1745), an English author, wrote Gulliver's Travels (1726), a masterpiece of comic literature.
0542330|Swigert, John Leonard, Jr. (1931-1982), a United States astronaut, served as command module pilot of the Apollo 13 lunar flight in April 1970.
0542340|Swimming is the act of moving through water by using the arms and legs.
0542360|Swimming pool is a large tank used for swimming and diving.
0542380|Swinburne, Algernon Charles (1837-1909), was a major English poet.
0542440|Swiss is a fine, sheer, plain weave cloth.
0542460|Swiss chard is a garden vegetable plant.
0542500|Swiss Guard. This famous body of Swiss soldiers grew out of a group of 250 Swiss who were picked to guard the pope in the late 1400's.
0542560|Swithin, Saint, also spelled Swithun, was a bishop of Winchester, England.
0542580|Switzerland is a small European country known for its beautiful, snow-capped mountains and freedom-loving people.
0542620|Sword is a sharp-edged metal weapon.
0542660|Swordfish is a large ocean fish with a long, rounded body and large eyes.
0542700|Sycamore is a shade tree with reddish-brown wood.
0542720|Sydenham, Baron (1799-1841), was a British statesman and governor general of Canada from 1839 to 1841.
0542740|Sydenham, Thomas (1624-1689), an English physician, was one of the most widely admired doctors of his time.
0542760|Sydney (pop. 3,538,970) is Australia's oldest and largest city and the capital of the state of New South Wales.
0542841|Sylvester I, Saint ( ? -335), was elected pope in 314.
0542842|Sylvester II (940-1003), elected pope in 999, became the first French pope.
0542880|Symbiosis, means living together.
0542900|Symbol, also called emblem, communicates a fact or an idea or stands for an object.
0542930|Symbolism was a literary movement that developed in France between 1885 and 1895.
0542940|Symmetry, in geometry, is a correspondence, or matching, of parts of an object.
0542980|Symphonic poem is an orchestral composition that tries to portray a nonmusical idea in music.
0543000|Symphony is a large-scale musical composition for an orchestra.
0543040|Synagogue is the Jewish house of worship and the center of Jewish education and social life.
0543060|Synagogue Council of America is the united voice of American Jewry in all matters in which religion plays an important role.
0543120|Synchrotron is a device that accelerates electrons and protons to high energies.
0543160|Syndicalism was a revolutionary labor movement that achieved its greatest popularity in France during the late 1800's and early 1900's.
0543220|Synge, John Millington (1871-1909), was an Irish dramatist who portrayed the rugged life of Irish peasants of the 1800's.
0543300|Synonym is a word that has the same, or nearly the same, meaning as another word.
0543370|Synthesizer is a musical instrument that produces sounds electronically.
0543374|Synthetic fuel is a fuel that can be substituted for crude oil and natural gas.
0543380|Synthetics are artificially created substances in which two or more elements are chemically combined to make a new compound.
0543400|Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease that can lead to a variety of severe symptoms if left untreated.
0543440|Syracuse, on the southeastern coast of Sicily, was one of the most powerful cities of the ancient Greek world.
0543460|Syracuse, (pop. 163,860; met. area pop. 742,177), is an industrial center of New York.
0543520|Syria is an Arab country at the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea.
0543560|Syrian Desert is a desert in the northwestern Arabian Peninsula that covers parts of Jordan, Syria, Iraq, and Saudi Arabia.
0543600|Syringe is a pumplike device.
0543685|Systems analysis is the study of how the parts of a system work together.
0543710|Szczecin, or in German, Stettin (pop. 414,200), is the leading port of Poland.
0543740|Szell, George (1897-1970), was a Hungarian-born musician known principally as a symphony orchestra conductor.
0543800|Szilard, Leo (1898-1964), an American physicist, pioneered in the development of nuclear energy.
0543805|Szoka, Edmund Casimir Cardinal (1927- ), was appointed a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church by Pope John Paul II in 1988.
0543810|Szold, Henrietta (1860-1945), an American social worker, founded Hadassah, the largest Jewish women's organization in the world.
0543820|T is the 20th letter of our alphabet.
0543880|Tabasco is a state of southeastern Mexico along the Bay of Campeche.
0543920|Tabernacle, also called the Tent of Meeting, was the center of worship of the Israelites during early Biblical times.
0543960|Tabes is a wasting away of the body.
0544040|Table tennis, or ping-pong, is a lively indoor game that resembles a miniature version of tennis.
0544140|Taboo is an action, object, person, or place forbidden by law or culture.
0544200|Tabriz, (pop. 971,482), is one of the largest cities in Iran.
0544260|Tache, Sir Etienne-Paschal, (1795-1865), a Canadian statesman, twice served as prime minister of the Province of Canada.
0544340|Tachometer is a device that is used for measuring the speed of rotation of a spinning shaft or wheel, usually in terms of revolutions per minute (rpm).
0544360|Tachycardia is an unusually fast heartbeat sometimes called palpitation.
0544390|Tachyon is a hypothetical elementary particle.
0544400|Tacitus, Cornelius, (about A.D. 55-about 120), was one of the world's greatest historians.
0544520|Tacoma, (pop. 176,664; met. area pop. 586,203), is one of the largest cities in Washington.
0544560|Taconite is a hard rock that contains about 30 per cent iron in the form of fine specks of iron oxide.
0544640|Tadpole, also called polliwog, is an immature frog or toad.
0544680|Taegu, (pop. 2,229,040), is the third largest city in South Korea.
0544720|Tael was a Chinese weight indicating a unit of value in silver.
0544760|Taffeta is a smooth, stiff cloth made of rayon, nylon, or silk.
0544800|Taft, Lorado (1860-1936), was an American sculptor, teacher, and writer.
0544820|Taft, Robert Alphonso (1889-1953), was an American statesman.
0544840|Taft, William Howard (1857-1930), was the only man in the history of the United States who served first as President, then as chief justice.
0544860|Taft-Hartley Act is the popular name for the federal Labor-Management Relations Act of 1947.
0544940|Taglioni, Marie (1804-1884), was one of the most famous ballerinas of the early 1800's.
0544960|Tagore, Sir Rabindranath, (1861-1941), was an Indian poet, philosopher, and supporter of freedom for India.
0544980|Tagus River, also called Tajo, is the longest river of the Iberian Peninsula of southwest Europe.
0545000|Tahiti, an island in the South Pacific Ocean, is known for its exotic beauty and tropical climate.
0545060|Tail is the part of the body of a vertebrate animal that extends backward beyond the pelvis.
0545140|Tailorbird is a songbird found in tropical regions of China, India, Malaysia, and the Philippines.
0545180|Taine, Hippolyte Adolphe, (1828-1893), was a French intellectual and critic.
0545200|Taipei, (pop. 2,637,100), is the capital and largest city of the island country of Taiwan.
0545230|Taira was the name of a family that ruled Japan from about 1160 to 1185.
0545260|Taiwan is a mountainous island in the South China Sea, about 90 miles (140 kilometers) off the Chinese coast.
0545280|Taj Mahal is one of the most beautiful and costly tombs in the world.
0545290|Tajikistan, also spelled Tadzhikistan, is a mountainous country in central Asia.
0545320|Takakkaw Falls, consist of a series of waterfalls in the Canadian Rockies.
0545330|Takin is a large hoofed mammal closely related to goats, sheep, and musk oxen.
0545340|Taklimakan Desert lies in northwestern China between the Tian Shan and Kunlun mountains.
0545380|Talbotype was one of the first two photographic processes that marked the beginning of photography.
0545400|Talc is a soft mineral found in flat smooth layers of rock, and in compact masses.
0545420|Talent is a famous old unit of weight and value.
0545600|Tallahassee, (pop. 124,773; met. area pop. 233,598), is the capital of Florida.
0545640|Tallchief, Maria (1925- ), became the first American-trained ballerina of international importance.
0545660|Talleyrand, (1754-1838), was a French statesman famous for his diplomatic achievements under Emperor Napoleon I and at the Congress of Vienna.
0545680|Tallinn, (pop. 458,000), is the capital and largest city of Estonia.
0545700|Tallis, Thomas (1505?-1585), was an English composer of religious vocal music during the Renaissance period.
0545740|Tallow is a fatty substance used in many products.
0545760|Tallowtree is the name of several trees that produce a waxy substance that can be used like tallow for making candles.
0545820|Talmud is a collection of Jewish religious and civil laws, together with scholarly interpretations of their meaning.
0545840|Talon, Jean Baptiste, (1625-1694), a French official, served from 1665 to 1672 as intendant (administrative head) of justice and finance in Canada, then called New France.
0545930|Tamarin is a type of small monkey that lives in tropical rain forests in Central and South America.
0545940|Tamarind is a large evergreen tree that grows in the tropics.
0545980|Tamayo, Rufino, (1899-1991), was an important Mexican painter.
0546000|Tambourine is a percussion instrument that consists of a narrow wooden or metal hoop with a thin sheet of plastic or animal skin stretched across one side.
0546020|Tamerlane, (1336?-1405), was an Asian conqueror who created a vast but short-lived empire.
0546100|Tammany, Society of, also called the Columbian Order, was founded in New York City in 1789 by William Mooney.
0546120|Tampa, Fla. (pop. 280,015), is a major United States seaport and an important commercial and industrial center of the state.
0546160|Tampere, (pop. 176,149; met. area pop. 218,722), is one of Finland's largest cities and industrial centers.
0546180|Tampico, (pop. 272,690), is the second most important port in Mexico, after Veracruz.
0546240|Tanager is the common name given a subfamily of American birds, many of which have brilliant red, blue, or green feathers.
0546320|Taney, Roger Brooke (1777-1864), was one of the great chief justices of the United States.
0546350|Tang dynasty was a series of rulers who governed China from A.D. 618 to 907.
0546400|Tangelo is a mandarin citrus fruit that results from cross-pollination between a tangerine and a grapefruit.
0546440|Tangerine is the popular name for a citrus fruit of the mandarin group.
0546460|Tangier, (pop. 266,346), also spelled Tanger, is a city on the northern coast of Morocco.
0546480|Tango was the first Latin American dance to gain great international popularity.
0546490|Tangor is a citrus fruit that belongs to the mandarin family (see MANDARIN ).
0546560|Tank is an armored combat vehicle.
0546640|Tanker is a ship designed to carry liquid cargo.
0546670|Tanner, Henry Ossawa, (1859-1937), was an American painter.
0546680|Tannhauser was a German minnesinger (minstrel) of the 1200's.
0546700|Tannic acid, also called tannin, is a group of chemical substances found in the bark, leaves, fruit, roots, and other parts of many trees.
0546760|Tansy is a plant related to the daisy.
0546780|Tantalum is a rare metallic element.
0546800|Tantalus was a king of Lydia in Greek mythology.
0546810|Tanzania is a large country in eastern Africa that borders the Indian Ocean.
0546815|Tanzanite is a semiprecious gemstone.
0546820|Taoism is a philosophy that began in China, probably during the 300's B.C.
0546840|Taos, New Mexico (pop. 4,065), is a historic city in north-central New Mexico.
0546940|Tape recorder is a device for recording sound, pictures, and various kinds of information on magnetic tape.
0546960|Tapestry is a woven fabric made from threads of different colors to form a picture or design.
0546980|Tapeworm is any of a group of tapelike flatworms that live as parasites.
0547000|Tapioca is a food starch that is widely used in making puddings.
0547010|Tapiola, a community in the city of Espoo, Finland, became world famous as a model for city planning.
0547020|Tapir is related to the horse and rhinoceros, though it looks more like a pig.
0547060|Tar is any of a group of thick, oily, dark brown or black liquids.
0547100|Tarantella is a regional folk dance of southern Italy, including Sardinia and Sicily.
0547160|Tarantula is the common name of any one of a group of mostly large, hairy spiders.
0547180|Tarascan Indians, live on the high plateaus of west-central Mexico, in what is now the state of Michoacan.
0547200|Tarawa, (pop. 24,598), is the capital of Kiribati, a country of 33 small islands in the central Pacific Ocean.
0547210|Tarbela Dam, in Pakistan, is one of the largest dams in the world.
0547220|Tarbell, Ida Minerva (1857-1944), an American author, led in the muckraking movement of the early 1900's which attacked dishonesty in politics and business.
0547360|Tariff is a tax placed on goods that one nation imports from another.
0547410|Tarkenton, Fran (1940- ), became one of the greatest quarterbacks in National Football League (NFL) history.
0547420|Tarkington, Booth (1869-1946), was an American novelist and dramatist.
0547480|Tarnish. When a metal rusts, or combines with oxygen, it is tarnished.
0547500|Taro is a tropical plant used as food.
0547520|Tarpan was a wild horse that lived in the forests of Europe and on the steppes (vast prairies) of Russia.
0547560|Tarpon is a large game fish that resembles a herring.
0547620|Tarragon is an aromatic herb closely related to American sagebrushes.
0547660|Tarsier is a type of small mammal with a round head and unusually large eyes.
0547680|Tarsus, (pop. 146,502), a city in south-central Turkey, is an agricultural center.
0547700|Tartan is a plaid cloth pattern that developed chiefly in Scotland.
0547780|Tartaric acid is an organic chemical that occurs naturally in grapes and several other fruits.
0547800|Tartarus was a deep pit below the surface of the earth in early Greek mythology.
0547840|Tartini, Giuseppe, (1692-1770), was a great Italian violinist, composer, and teacher.
0547860|Tartu, (pop. 110,000), is the second largest city in Estonia.
0547940|Tashkent, (pop. 1,986,000), also spelled Toshkent, is the capital of Uzbekistan, a country in Asia and a former republic of the Soviet Union.
0547980|Tasman, Abel Janszoon, (1603-1659), a Dutch navigator employed by the Dutch East India Company, explored the South Pacific.
0548000|Tasman Sea is that part of the Pacific Ocean which lies between southeastern Australia, Tasmania, and New Zealand.
0548020|Tasmania is the island state of Australia.
0548040|Tasmanian devil is a fierce animal that lives on the Australian island of Tasmania.
0548060|Tasmanian tiger, also called Tasmanian wolf, was a large animal of Australia.
0548080|TASS was the official news agency of the Soviet Union from 1925 until the country broke apart in 1991.
0548100|Tasso, Torquato, (1544-1595), was an Italian poet of the late Renaissance period.
0548120|Taste is an important sense in people and many animals.
0548140|Tatars are a Turkic-speaking people of Europe and Asia.
0548160|Tate, Allen (1899-1979), was an American poet, critic, novelist, and biographer.
0548240|Tattooing is the practice of making permanent designs on the body.
0548260|Tatum, Art (1909-1956), ranks among the greatest piano soloists of jazz improvisation.
0548370|Taurus is the second sign of the zodiac.
0548390|Taussig, Helen Brooke (1898-1986), was an American physician who specialized in children's heart diseases.
0548420|Tax Court, United States, is a federal court that handles disputes involving income, estate, gift, and other taxes.
0548440|Taxation is a system of raising money to finance government services and activities.
0548480|Taxco, (pop. 86,864), is a historic silver-mining town 70 miles (113 kilometers) southwest of Mexico City, Mexico.
0548520|Taxidermy is a technique for preserving animals and showing them as they looked when they were alive.
0548530|Taxol is a drug used to treat advanced cancers of the breast and ovaries.
0548590|Tay-Sachs disease is a hereditary disorder of the nervous system.
0548640|Taylor, Edward (1642?-1729), was the finest poet in colonial American literature.
0548645|Taylor, Elizabeth (1932- ), is an American motion-picture actress.
0548650|Taylor, Frederick Winslow (1856-1915), was an American engineer and efficiency expert.
0548660|Taylor, George (1716-1781), was a Pennsylvania signer of the Declaration of Independence.
0548720|Taylor, Maxwell Davenport (1901- ), gained fame as a United States general in World War II (1939-1945) and the Korean War (1950-1953).
0548730|Taylor, Mildred D. (1943- ), is one of America's leading authors of children's books.
0548735|Taylor, Paul (1930- ), is an American choreographer (dance creator).
0548740|Taylor, Zachary (1784-1850), served his country for 40 years as a soldier and for 16 months as President.
0548780|Tayra is a large member of the weasel family.
0548820|Tbilisi, (pop. 1,140,000), is the capital of the country of Georgia.
0548860|Tchaikovsky, Peter Ilich, (1840-1893), was the first Russian composer whose music became part of the standard concert program in western Europe.
0548880|Te Kanawa, Dame Kiri, (1944- ), a New Zealand opera singer, is one of the most praised sopranos in the world.
0548900|Tea is a beverage prepared by pouring boiling water over dry processed tea leaves.
0549020|Teachers College, Columbia University, is the graduate school of education at Columbia University in New York City.
0549060|Teaching is the process by which a person helps other people learn.
0549080|Teaching machine is a device that presents instructional material to students and requires that they respond to it.
0549100|Teagarden, Jack (1905-1964), was an American trombone player and blues singer.
0549120|Teak is a forest tree native to southeastern Asia.
0549140|Teal is a name given to several species of small ducks that live throughout the world.
0549145|Team handball is a fast and exciting sport for men and women in which players try to score goals by throwing a ball into their opponents' goal.
0549160|Teamsters Union is one of the largest labor unions in the United States.
0549180|Teapot Dome was one of the most notorious government scandals in United States history.
0549220|Tears are the secretion of the lacrimal glands.
0549240|Teasdale, Sara (1884-1933), was an American lyric poet.
0549260|Teasel is the name of a group of herbs with prickly stems.
0549270|Tebaldi, Renata, (1922- ), an Italian singer, became one of the great operatic sopranos of her time.
0549280|Technetium, (chemical symbol, Tc), was the first artificially created element.
0549300|Technical assistance is a form of foreign aid.
0549340|Technicolor is a patented process for making motion pictures in color.
0549400|Technology refers to all the ways people use their inventions and discoveries to satisfy their needs and desires.
0549405|Technology Assessment, Office of, or OTA, was an advisory agency of the United States Congress.
0549420|Tecumseh, (1768?-1813), was an outstanding leader of the eastern American Indian tribes in the late 1700's and early 1800's.
0549440|Tedder, Arthur William (1890-1967), Baron Tedder of Glenguin, became a marshal of the Royal Air Force of Britain in 1945.
0549500|Teeth are hard, bonelike structures in the upper and lower jaws of human beings and many kinds of animals.
0549510|Teflon is a trade name for polytetrafluoroethylene, a type of synthetic (artificially made) material that is used in cookware, insulation, and many other products.
0549530|Tegu, also spelled teju, is the name of two species of ground-dwelling South American lizards.
0549540|Tegucigalpa, (pop. 624,542), is the capital and largest city of Honduras.
0549560|Teheran, (pop. 6,042,584), also spelled Tehran, is the capital of Iran and the second largest city in the Middle East.
0549580|Teheran Conference was the first meeting of the main Allied leaders during World War II.
0549600|Tehuantepec, Isthmus of, separates the Bay of Campeche from the Gulf of Tehuantepec in Mexico.
0549605|Tehuelche Indians, lived in the southern part of what is now Argentina, from about the Negro River south to the Strait of Magellan.
0549610|Teilhard de Chardin, Pierre (1881-1955), was a French paleontologist (expert on prehistoric life).
0549640|Tektite is a glassy stone that may look like a teardrop, ball, disk, rod, dumbbell, or button.
0549660|Tel Aviv, (pop. 325,700; met. area pop. 1,350,000), is Israel's second largest city and chief commercial, financial, and industrial center.
0549720|Telegraph was the first instrument used to send messages by means of wires and electricity.
0549760|Telegraph plant is an herb about 4 feet (1.2 meters) high.
0549790|Telemann, Georg Philipp, (1681-1767), was perhaps the most famous German composer of his day.
0549795|Telemarketing is the selling of goods or services by telephone.
0549800|Telemetry, means measuring at a distance.
0549840|Telepathy is the communication of thoughts, feelings, or knowledge from one person to another without the use of the senses of hearing, sight, smell, taste, or touch.
0549860|Telephone is an instrument that sends and receives voice messages, usually by means of electric current.
0549920|Telescope is an instrument that magnifies distant objects.
0549940|Teletypesetter (TTS) was a device used to transmit and typeset reports from news wire services.
0549960|Teletypewriter was an electromechanical typewriter that transmitted impulses over a wire to a receiver that printed the message.
0549980|Television, also called TV, is one of our most important means of communication.
0550000|Telford, Thomas (1757-1834), a Scottish civil engineer, was the greatest of the early builders of iron bridges.
0550040|Tell, William, was a legendary hero of Switzerland.
0550080|Teller, Edward (1908- ), an American physicist, became known as the father of the hydrogen bomb.
0550120|Tellurium is a semimetallic chemical element.
0550260|Temperature is how hot or cold something is as measured on a particular scale.
0550280|Temperature, Body. Body temperature is a measurement of the heat in an animal's body.
0550290|Temperature-humidity index, also called THI, is a scale of values that serves as an estimate of how comfortable people feel in hot weather.
0550300|Tempering is a process of hardening glass and metals, especially steel.
0550360|Temple is a house of worship.
0550400|Temple, Shirley (1928- ), was the most popular child motion-picture star of the 1930's.
0550580|Ten Commandments is a list of rules for living and for worship that, according to the Bible, God wrote and gave to Moses on Mount Sinai.
0550660|Tenant, in law, is a person who holds or possesses lands or buildings by any kind of title.
0550680|Tenant farming is a common farming practice that involves raising crops and livestock on rented land.
0550760|Tendon, also called sinew, is a strong white cord that attaches muscles to bones.
0550800|Tenement is a term usually used to describe a crowded, decaying apartment building.
0550881|Tennent, Gilbert (1703-1764), was a colonial American religious leader.
0550882|Tennent, William (1673-1746), was an important Presbyterian minister in colonial America.
0550900|Tennessee is one of the states that link the North and the South of the United States.
0550920|Tennessee, University of, is a coeducational, state-assisted institution.
0550980|Tennessee River is the largest tributary of the Ohio River.
0551000|Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) is a federal corporation that works to develop the natural resources of the Tennessee Valley.
0551060|Tenniel, Sir John (1820-1914), an English cartoonist and book illustrator, illustrated Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1865) and Through the Looking-Glass (1871).
0551080|Tennis is a game in which opposing players--one or two on each side--use rackets to hit a ball back and forth over a net.
0551100|Tennyson, Lord (1809-1892), was one of the most important English poets of the 1800's.
0551120|Tenochtitlan was the capital of the Aztec empire.
0551170|Tenrec is the name of about 30 species of small mammals that live primarily in Madagascar.
0551180|Tense is a feature of verbs that indicates the time of an action.
0551240|Tent is a portable shelter that many campers use for protection against the weather and insects.
0551260|Tent caterpillar is the larva (second stage in the life cycle) of certain moths that damage trees.
0551280|Tentacle is a slender and flexible growth on the head of certain animals.
0551320|Teotihuacan was one of the largest cities of ancient Mexico.
0551360|Tepee, also spelled tipi, was the type of tent most commonly used by the Plains tribes of North American Indians.
0551380|Terbium, (chemical symbol, Tb), is one of the rare-earth metals.
0551440|Terence, (190?-159? B.C.), was a Roman comic playwright.
0551470|Teresa, Mother (1910- ), is a Roman Catholic nun who received the 1979 Nobel Peace Prize for her work with the poor.
0551475|Teresa, Saint (1515-1582), also spelled Theresa, is a saint of the Roman Catholic Church.
0551480|Tereshkova, Valentina Vladimirovna, (1937- ), a Soviet cosmonaut, became the first woman to travel in space.
0551482|Term limits prevent elected officials from serving more than a specified number of terms, and therefore years, in office.
0551560|Termite is the common name of a group of chemically complex insects that live in communities somewhat as ants do.
0551580|Tern is a subfamily of sea birds related to gulls.
0551660|Terra cotta is a hard, durable kind of earthenware.
0551740|Terrapin is the common name of certain freshwater or salt-marsh turtles.
0551760|Terrarium is the name for a transparent container in which small plants or small land animals are kept.
0551810|Terrell, Mary Church (1863-1954), joined the struggle to gain equal rights for African Americans in the 1890's.
0551820|Terrier is the name of a group of breeds of dogs.
0551860|Territorial waters are areas of the ocean where a nation has sovereign rights.
0551870|Territoriality is a form of animal behavior in which an individual animal or a group defends an area against other members of the same species or against members of other species.
0551900|Territory is a type of region that belongs to or is controlled by a country or other independent political unit.
0551940|Terrorism is the use or threat of violence to create fear and alarm.
0551960|Terry, Dame Ellen (1847-1928), was a leading English actress especially noted for her performances as Shakespearean heroines.
0552060|Tesla, Nikola (1856-1943), an electrical engineer, is generally recognized as the inventor of the induction motor.
0552122|Test Acts were statutes passed by the English Parliament in 1673 and 1678.
0552130|Test pilot is a person who flies new aircraft to test them for safety.
0552166|Testicle is either of a pair of small oval glands in the male reproductive system.
0552170|Testing, in education and psychology, is an attempt to measure a person's knowledge, intelligence, or other characteristics in a systematic way.
0552210|Testosterone is a hormone that stimulates sexual development in male human beings.
0552220|Tetanus is a serious disease that affects muscles.
0552240|Tetany is a disorder associated with overexcitability and spontaneous activity of the nervous system.
0552280|Teton Range is a rugged group of Rocky Mountain peaks south of Yellowstone National Park in western Wyoming.
0552290|Tetra is a type of small tropical fish that lives in rivers of South America and Africa.
0552340|Tetracycline is any of a family of antibiotics used to treat infections.
0552400|Tetrahedron, in geometry, is a regular pyramid whose sides consist of four equilateral triangles.
0552500|Tetzel, Johann, (1465?-1519), was a Dominican friar who sold papal indulgences in Germany.
0552560|Teutonic Knights was the name of an organization of German crusaders that arose in Europe during the 1100's.
0552590|Teutons is a name sometimes given to the Germanic peoples.
0552660|Texas has a larger area than any other state in the United States except Alaska.
0552700|Texas, University of, is a coeducational, state-supported system of higher education.
0552710|Texas A&M University consists of seven coeducational state universities in Texas that offer undergraduate and graduate level programs.
0552720|Texas Christian University is an independent coeducational teaching and research institution in Fort Worth, Texas.
0552820|Texas Rangers are special police officers of the state of Texas.
0552960|Textile has traditionally meant a woven fabric.
0553040|Thackeray, William Makepeace (1811-1863), was one of the great novelists of the English Victorian Age.
0553080|Thailand is a tropical country in Southeast Asia.
0553110|Thalassemia is a hereditary blood disease that causes anemia.
0553140|Thales, (625?-546? B.C.), was the earliest known Greek philosopher.
0553180|Thallium is a soft, bluish-gray metallic element that looks like lead.
0553220|Thames, River, is the most famous and most important river in England.
0553300|Thane is an Anglo-Saxon title which was used for many years in early England.
0553320|Thanksgiving Day is a day set aside each year for giving thanks to God for blessings received during the year.
0553340|Thant, U, (1909-1974), a Burmese diplomat, served as secretary-general of the United Nations (UN) from 1962 to 1971.
0553360|Thar Desert, stretches northwest of the Aravalli Range in India across Rajasthan to the Indus River plain in Pakistan.
0553370|Tharp, Twyla (1941- ), is an American dancer and choreographer (creator of dances).
0553400|Thatcher, Margaret Hilda (1925- ), served as prime minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990.
0553460|Thayer, Sylvanus, (1785-1872), was a United States Army engineer and educator who became known as the father of West Point.
0553480|Theater, also spelled theatre, is a live performance before an audience.
0553520|Thebes was a major religious center and the birthplace of many kings of ancient Egypt.
0553540|Thebes was an ancient city in Boeotia, a region in central Greece.
0553590|Theism is belief in a god or gods.
0553600|Themistocles, (514?-449? B.C.), was an Athenian statesman and soldier in the Persian wars.
0553640|Theocracy is a form of government in which the state is ruled by a priest or priests, and in which members of the priesthood have authority in civil and religious matters.
0553660|Theocritus, (200's B.C.), was a Greek poet who established the character of Greek pastoral poetry.
0553700|Theodora, (A.D. 502?-548), was the wife of Justinian I, Byzantine (East Roman) emperor from 527 to 565.
0553735|Theodore Roosevelt National Park is in western North Dakota.
0553740|Theodoric, (A.D. 455?-526), was an Ostrogoth (East Goth) king who governed Italy from A.D. 493 until his death.
0553760|Theodosius I, (A.D. 346-395), was the Roman emperor who prohibited all pagan (nonChristian) practices in the Roman Empire.
0553800|Theology is the study and description of God.
0553860|Theosophy is a system of philosophic and religious thought.
0553920|Theremin was one of the first electronic musical instruments.
0554007|Thermal pollution occurs when hot wastewater is discharged into rivers, lakes, oceans, or other bodies of water.
0554080|Thermocouple is an electric device that changes heat into electricity or electricity into heat.
0554100|Thermodynamics is the study of various forms of energy, such as heat and work, and of the conversion of energy from one form into another.
0554150|Thermography is a detection technique that converts invisible heat energy into a visible picture.
0554180|Thermometer is an instrument that measures the temperature of gases, liquids, and solids.
0554260|Thermopylae was a mountain pass on the east coast of ancient Greece.
0554300|Thermos bottle is a container that keeps liquids hot or cold for many hours.
0554330|Thermosphere is the uppermost region of the earth's atmosphere.
0554340|Thermostat is a device that helps control the temperature of an indoor area or of an appliance.
0554360|Theseus was a great king of early Athens in Greek mythology.
0554380|Thespis, a Greek actor and dramatist of the 500's B.C., helped to create drama as we know it.
0554400|Thessalonians, Epistles to the, are the 13th and 14th books of the New Testament.
0554410|Thessaloniki, (pop. 396,807; met. area pop. 739,998), is the second largest city in Greece and the capital of the region known as Greek Macedonia.
0554420|Thessaly is a region located in north-central Greece.
0554680|Thiopental is a barbiturate used to produce sleep for surgery.
0554830|Third World is a name sometimes given to economically developing countries, particularly those in Asia, Africa, and Latin America.
0554840|Thirst is a sensation caused by the body's need for water.
0554920|Thirty-Nine Articles were a statement of doctrine issued in England in 1563 and approved by Parliament in 1571.
0554960|Thirty Years' War (1618-1648) was a series of religious and political wars that eventually involved most European nations.
0555000|Thistle is the name given to a group of plants that have sharp spines or prickles.
0555100|Thomas, Clarence (1948- ), became an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States in 1991.
0555120|Thomas, Dylan, (1914-1953), was a Welsh poet who wrote some of the most stirring, passionate, and eloquent verse in modern literature.
0555160|Thomas, Isaiah, (1749-1831), was the leading printer and publisher in colonial America.
0555190|Thomas, Martha Carey (1857-1935), was an American educator who fought for equal educational opportunities for women.
0555200|Thomas, Norman Mattoon, (1884-1968), an American Socialist leader, was nominated six times for the presidency of the United States by the Socialist Party.
0555220|Thomas, Saint, was one of the 12 apostles of Jesus Christ.
0555300|Thomas a Kempis (1380?-1471) was a medieval monk and religious writer.
0555358|Thompson, Man. (pop. 14,977), is one of the world's leading centers of nickel production.
0555400|Thompson, David (1770-1857), was a Canadian explorer, cartographer, and fur trader.
0555440|Thompson, Francis (1859-1907), was an English poet whose emotional poems reflect his intense Roman Catholic faith.
0555460|Thompson, Sir John Sparrow David (1844-1894), served as prime minister of Canada from 1892 until his death two years later.
0555470|Thompson, William Hale (1869-1944), became a controversial American political leader.
0555500|Thomson, Charles (1729-1824), served as secretary of the Continental Congress from 1774 to 1781 and secretary of the Congress of the Confederation from 1781 to 1789.
0555540|Thomson, James (1700-1748), was the most celebrated Scottish poet of the 1700's before Robert Burns.
0555560|Thomson, Sir Joseph John (1856-1940), a British physicist, received the 1906 Nobel Prize in physics for his discovery of the electron.
0555580|Thomson, Tom (1877-1917), was a Canadian landscape painter.
0555600|Thomson, Virgil (1896-1989), was an American composer and music critic.
0555640|Thor was the god of thunder and lightning in Norse mythology.
0555700|Thoreau, Henry David (1817-1862), was an American writer who is remembered for his attacks on the social institutions he considered immoral and for his faith in the religious significance of nature.
0555720|Thorium is a radioactive chemical element.
0555740|Thorn is a short, sharp modified stem that grows out of the woody stems of many species of trees and shrubs.
0555780|Thorndike, Edward Lee (1874-1949), an American educational psychologist, made many contributions to the study of learning, teaching, and mental testing.
0555800|Thornton, Matthew (1714-1803), was a New Hampshire signer of the Declaration of Independence.
0555840|Thorpe, Jim (1887-1953), was one of the greatest all-around athletes in history.
0555860|Thorvaldsen, Bertel, (1770-1844), was a Danish sculptor.
0555880|Thoth was an ancient Egyptian moon god.
0555960|Thousand Islands is a group of more than a thousand islands in the St. Lawrence River.
0555980|Thrace was the ancient name for a large region in the Balkan Peninsula.
0556000|Thrasher is the name of a group of brownish, long-tailed birds found from southern Canada through South America.
0556020|Thread is a fine cord.
0556220|Threshing machine is a machine that farmers once used to thresh (separate) kernels of grain from stalks.
0556260|Thrips are short, slender insects with sucking mouthparts.
0556280|Throat is a term loosely applied to the part of the neck in front of the backbone.
0556340|Thrush is the name of a group of songbirds that live in most parts of the world.
0556440|Thucydides, (460?-400?
0556460|Thug is a member of an old criminal society in India, the members of which killed in the name of religion.
0556500|Thulium, (chemical symbol, Tm), is one of the rare-earth elements.
0556580|Thunder. Prehistoric people thought that thunder was the sound of the gods roaring in anger when they were displeased with the people of the earth.
0556590|Thunder Bay, Ont. (pop. 113,946; met. area pop. 124,427), is a city on the northwest shore of Lake Superior.
0556620|Thurber, James (1894-1961), was a celebrated American humorist.
0556670|Thurman, Allen Granberry (1813-1895), was the Democratic candidate for Vice President of the United States in 1888.
0556680|Thurmond, Strom (1902- ), a United States senator from South Carolina, is known for his strong support of states' rights.
0556700|Thursday is the fifth day of the week.
0556720|Thurstone, Louis Leon (1887-1955), an American psychologist, played a major role in the development of psychological tests.
0556740|Thutmose III, (reigned about 1490-1436 B.C.), ranks among the greatest of all the kings of ancient Egypt.
0556800|Thyme is the name of a group of fragrant, shrubby mint plants native to the Mediterranean region.
0556840|Thymus is a flat, pinkish-gray organ that plays an important part in the immune system of the body.
0556900|Thyroid gland is a body organ located in the front of the neck.
0557020|Tian Shan, also spelled Tien Shan, is a mountain system in central Asia.
0557030|Tianjin, (pop. 5,855,068), is a trading center in northern China.
0557060|Tiber River is one of the longest rivers in Italy.
0557120|Tiberius, (42 B.C.-A.D. 37), was the emperor of Rome during the life of Jesus Christ.
0557140|Tibet is a land in south-central Asia.
0557145|Tibetan spaniel is a breed of dog that originated in Tibet hundreds of years ago.
0557150|Tibetan terrier is a breed of dog that originated in Tibet, where Buddhist monks raised it in monasteries.
0557180|Tic is a term used to describe repetitive, brief, rapid, involuntary movements of various muscle groups.
0557260|Tick is the name of a small animal which is related to mites, spiders, and scorpions.
0557280|Tick fever is a name for several diseases carried by the bite of ticks.
0557440|Tide is the rise and fall of ocean waters, on a definite time schedule.
0557540|Tie dyeing is a method of dyeing cloth to produce a design.
0557600|Tiepolo, Giovanni Battista, (1696-1770), sometimes called Giambattista Tiepolo, was the last important painter of the Venetian group.
0557620|Tierra del Fuego is the name of a group of islands lying off the extreme southern tip of South America.
0557641|Tiffany, Charles Lewis (1812-1902), was an American dealer in precious stones.
0557642|Tiffany, Louis Comfort (1848-1933), was a major stained-glass designer.
0557740|Tiger is the largest member of the cat family.
0557780|Tiger lily is a tall garden flower that originally grew in eastern Asia.
0557803|Tiglath-pileser III, ( ?-727 B.C.), was a king of Assyria, a land centered in what is now northern Iraq.
0557840|Tigris River is a major river of southwestern Asia.
0557870|Tijuana, (pop. 698,752), is a city in the Mexican state of Baja California Norte.
0557871|Tikal was one of the largest cities of the Maya civilization.
0557875|Tilden, Bill (1893-1953), was a tennis star who won the United States Championships (now the U.S. Open) from 1920 to 1925, and in 1929.
0557880|Tilden, Samuel Jones (1814-1886), was the Democratic nominee in the 1876 presidential election, the most disputed in United States history.
0557920|Tile. The several kinds of clay tile are made in much the same way.
0557940|Tilefish are deep-sea fish that live along the New England coast.
0558020|Tilley, Sir Samuel Leonard (1818-1896), served as premier of the Canadian colony of New Brunswick from 1861 to 1865, and again in 1866.
0558040|Tillich, Paul (1886-1965), was an important German-born theologian.
0558080|Tilly, Count of (1559-1632) was a leading Roman Catholic general during the Thirty Years' War, a struggle between European Catholics and Protestants.
0558220|Timbuktu, (pop. 20,483), is a trading town in central Mali.
0558240|Time is one of the world's deepest mysteries.
0558280|Time capsule is a container of items sealed to preserve a record of a particular civilization.
0558440|Timor is an island in Southeast Asia.
0558520|Timothy was one of the friends of Saint Paul.
0558530|Timothy is an important grass crop grown primarily for hay.
0558560|Timpanogos Cave National Monument is in northern Utah.
0558600|Tin is a white metallic element that people have used since ancient times.
0558620|Tin can is a container used for packaging, transporting, and marketing hundreds of food and nonfood items for home and industry.
0558650|Tinbergen, Jan (1903-1994), a Dutch economist, shared the first Nobel Prize in economics with Ragnar Frisch of Norway in 1969.
0558655|Tinbergen, Nikolaas (1907-1988), a Dutch-born zoologist, studied how the behavior of animals is adapted to their environment.
0558740|Tinnitus is the sensation of hearing sounds that seem to come from within the head.
0558800|Tintoretto, (1518-1594), was a Venetian painter during the late Italian Renaissance.
0558900|Tipperary, (pop. 5,033), is a town in southern Ireland.
0558960|Tirane, (pop. 260,000), is the capital and largest city of Albania.
0558980|Tire is a covering for the outer rim of a wheel.
0559070|Tirso de Molina was the pen name of Gabriel Tellez (1584-1648), a Spanish playwright.
0559100|Tishah be-av is a Jewish day of mourning observed on the ninth day of the Hebrew month of Av (approximately August).
0559160|Tissue is a group of similar cells that work together with intercellular substances and body fluids to perform a particular function in an organism.
0559340|Titanic was a British passenger ship that struck an iceberg and sank in the North Atlantic Ocean in 1912.
0559380|Titanium, (chemical symbol, Ti), is a lightweight, silver-gray metal.
0559390|Titans were the first gods in Greek mythology.
0559400|Tithe is a tax of one-tenth on the profits from the produce of one's land or one's earnings.
0559450|Titi is a type of small South American monkey.
0559460|Titian, (1487?-1576), was a Venetian painter of the Italian Renaissance.
0559500|Title is a legal term often used to describe ownership of property.
0559560|Titmouse is any of a family of small woodland birds found throughout much of the world.
0559580|Tito, Josip Broz, (1892-1980), established a Communist government in Yugoslavia after World War II and then became the country's ruler.
0559620|Titus, (A.D. 41-81), a Roman emperor, was noted for his generosity and his regard for the people's welfare.
0559640|Titus was an early Christian who was a companion of Saint Paul.
0559720|Tlingit Indians, live mainly along the coast of southeastern Alaska.
0559740|TNT is short for trinitrotoluene, a powerful solid explosive.
0559760|Toad is a small, tailless animal that closely resembles the frog.
0559780|Toadfish is the name of a group of large-headed fish that live on the bottom of tropical and temperate seas.
0559800|Toadflax is the name of a group of plants with flowers shaped much like those of snapdragons.
0559860|Tobacco is a plant whose leaves are used chiefly in making cigarettes and cigars.
0559890|Tobey, Mark (1890-1976), was an American artist who painted elaborate linear abstract pictures, often on a small scale.
0559900|Tobogganing is the winter sport of coasting on snow or ice by means of toboggans, which are sleds without runners.
0560000|Tocqueville, Alexis de, (1805-1859), was a French historian and political philosopher.
0560095|Tofu is a food made of soybean curds pressed into cakes or blocks.
0560100|Toga was the outer garment worn by the citizens of ancient Rome.
0560140|Togo is a small country in western Africa.
0560180|Tojo, Hideki, (1884-1948), was the general who, as premier, led Japan into war with the United States in 1941.
0560280|Tokyo is the capital of Japan.
0560320|Toledo, (pop. 62,831), is a city in central Spain.
0560340|Toledo, (pop. 364,040; met. area pop. 614,128), is an industrial and transportation center in northwestern Ohio.
0560420|Toleration Act is a law permitting people to believe in any religion they choose.
0560450|Tolkien, J. R. R. (1892-1973), an English author and scholar, wrote a popular series of novels about an imaginary people called hobbits.
0560510|Tolman, Edward Chace (1886-1959), was an American psychologist known for his theory of how human beings and other animals learn.
0560520|Tolstoy, Alexei (1883-1945), was a Russian novelist and playwright.
0560540|Tolstoy, Leo (1828-1910), a Russian writer, ranks among the greatest novelists in world literature.
0560560|Toltec Indians, established an empire in the highlands of central Mexico during the A.D. 900's.
0560580|Toluene is a colorless liquid related to benzene.
0560680|Tom-tom is a musical instrument that belongs to the drum family.
0560700|Tomahawk was a small ax that the Indians of North America used as a tool and a weapon.
0560720|Tomato is a plant grown for its smooth, round, juicy fruit.
0560740|Tomb is any chamber in which the dead are buried.
0560780|Tombigbee River, rises in northeastern Mississippi and flows southeastward into western Alabama.
0560820|Tombstone (pop. 1,220) is a town in southeastern Arizona that was the center of a rich silver-mining district in the late 1800's.
0560825|Tomlin, Bradley Walker (1899-1953), was an American abstract expressionist painter.
0560840|Tompkins, Daniel D. (1774-1825), served as Vice President of the United States from 1817 to 1825 under President James Monroe.
0560880|Ton is the name of three different units used to measure weight and capacity.
0560920|Tone, in music, is the sound made by the vibration of a musical instrument or of the human voice.
0560960|Tonga is a country made up of about 150 islands in the South Pacific Ocean.
0561000|Tongue is the chief organ of taste.
0561120|Tonsil is any of several masses of specialized tissue found in the throat.
0561140|Tonsillitis is a painful disease resulting from inflamed tonsils.
0561200|Tonto National Monument in south-central Arizona contains two pueblo cliff dwellings.
0561215|Tonty, Henri de, (1650-1704), was a French fur trader, explorer, and assistant to the French explorer Sieur de La Salle.
0561220|Tool is any instrument that a worker uses to do work.
0561260|Toolmaking chiefly involves the making of precision devices and parts for power-driven machines used to shape metal.
0561280|Toombs, Robert Augustus (1810-1885), was a leading Georgia politician during the American Civil War era.
0561290|Toomer, Jean (1894-1967), was an African-American writer.
0561340|Toothpaste and toothpowder are substances used with a toothbrush to clean teeth.
0561350|Top is the name for a child's toy.
0561360|Topaz, is a mineral composed of aluminum, silicon, oxygen, and fluorine.
0561400|Topeka, (pop. 119,883; met. area pop. 160,976), is the capital and one of the largest cities of Kansas.
0561420|Topelius, Zachris, (1818-1898), was a Finnish short-story writer and poet.
0561440|Topiary work is the art of training and cutting plants into ornamental shapes.
0561460|Topography is the natural and artificially created surface features of the land.
0561480|Topology is a branch of mathematics that explores certain properties of geometrical figures.
0561500|Topsoil is the surface layer of soil.
0561620|Tornado is a powerful, twisting windstorm.
0561640|Torne River, also called the Tornio River, rises in Lake Torne in northern Sweden and flows eastward through northern Sweden.
0561660|Toronto is the capital of Ontario.
0561680|Toronto, University of, is one of Canada's largest universities.
0561700|Torpedo is a self-propelled, cigar-shaped, underwater weapon used to blow up ships.
0561760|Torque is the amount of twisting effort that a force or forces exert on an object.
0561780|Torquemada, Tomas de, (1420-1498), a Roman Catholic priest, was inquisitor-general (chief official) of the Spanish Inquisition for 15 years.
0561860|Torrens system is a system of registering titles to real estate.
0561920|Torricelli, Evangelista, (1608-1647), was an Italian physicist and mathematician.
0561960|Torsion balance is a device for measuring small forces of push or pull.
0561980|Torsion bar suspension is a method of absorbing the shock, or energy, that results when an automobile travels over uneven road surfaces and bumps.
0562020|Tort is a harmful act for which the injured person has the right to collect money for damages.
0562080|Tortoise is a turtle that lives only on land.
0562140|Torture is the use of physical or mental pain, often to obtain information, to punish a person, or to control the members of a group to which the tortured person belongs.
0562190|Tory Party was a conservative political party in Britain.
0562240|Toscanini, Arturo, (1867-1957), was one of the most influential symphony orchestra and opera conductors of his time.
0562260|Totalitarianism is a form of government in which the state has absolute control over almost every aspect of people's lives.
0562300|Totem is a symbol for a tribe, clan, or family.
0562320|Toucan is an unusual-looking bird with an enormous and, in most species, brilliantly colored bill.
0562340|Touch is the sense that gives us notice of contact with an object.
0562440|Toulon, (pop. 170,167; met. area pop. 437,553), is a seaport city on the southeast coast of France.
0562480|Toulouse, (pop. 365,933; met. area pop. 608,430), is a city in southwestern France.
0562500|Toulouse-Lautrec, Henri de, (1864-1901), was a French artist.
0562533|Touraco, or turaco, is any member of a family of African birds that live south of the Sahara.
0562535|Toure, Sekou, (1922-1984), became Guinea's first president in 1958 and held that position until his death.
0562537|Tourette syndrome is an inherited disorder characterized by involuntary utterances and body movements.
0562540|Tourmaline is a mineral commonly found in rocks called granitic pegmatites.
0562580|Tourniquet is a tight, twisted cloth wrapped around a limb to control bleeding.
0562600|Tours, (pop. 133,403; met. area pop. 271,927), is a historic city and important economic center in western France.
0562640|Toussaint L'Ouverture, (1743-1803), became one of the best-known black revolutionaries of all time.
0562660|Tower is an architectural structure whose height is much greater than its width or its thickness.
0562680|Tower of Babel was a tower in Babylon, a city in ancient Mesopotamia.
0562700|Tower of London is a group of stone buildings in the East End of London, on the north bank of the River Thames.
0562740|Towhee is any of several small North American birds related to the sparrows.
0562760|Town is a community of closely clustered dwellings and other buildings in which people live and work.
0562780|Town crier was a person appointed to make public announcements.
0562800|Town meeting is held once a year by the voters of a town.
0562835|Townsend, Willard Saxby (1895-1957), was one of the first black American labor leaders.
0562840|Townsend Plan is an old-age pension plan proposed in 1934 by Dr. Francis E. Townsend of Long Beach, Calif.
0562860|Townshend, Viscount (1674-1738), was an English politician and promoter of agricultural reform.
0562900|Township in the United States is a division of a county that functions as a unit of local government.
0562920|Toxemia of pregnancy is a disease that attacks women during the later months of pregnancy or just after giving birth.
0562940|Toxic shock syndrome, or TSS, is a rare disease that most frequently occurs in young women who are having a menstrual period.
0563020|Toxin is a poison produced by a living organism.
0563030|Toxoplasmosis is a common disease characterized by enlargement of lymph nodes, usually in the neck region.
0563040|Toy is an object children can use as a plaything.
0563080|Toy dog is the name of a group of small dogs.
0563121|Toynbee, Arnold (1852-1883), a British social reformer and economist, worked to help the poor.
0563122|Toynbee, Arnold Joseph (1889-1975), was a famous British historian.
0563150|Toyota Motor Corporation is the largest automobile manufacturer in Japan and one of the largest automakers in the world.
0563180|Trace elements are minerals needed in small amounts by plants, animals, and human beings.
0563220|Tracery, in architecture, originally was the framework of light ornamental stone bars dividing a large window into smaller areas so that the stained glass could be easily placed and supported.
0563240|Trachea, also called windpipe, is the tube that carries air between the lungs and the upper respiratory passages.
0563280|Trachoma is a contagious eye disease caused by a form of Chlamydia trachomatis bacteria.
0563340|Track and field is a sport in which athletes compete in running, walking, jumping, and throwing events.
0563420|Tractor is a machine that pulls or pushes a tool or a machine over land.
0563430|Tracy, Spencer (1900-1967), was an American motion-picture actor.
0563440|Trade is buying and selling goods and services.
0563500|Trade association is a nonprofit organization that represents a group of business firms.
0563560|Trade publication is a periodical devoted to a specific professional, business, industrial, or trade field.
0563580|Trade route is a route along which goods are transported from one area to another.
0563640|Trade wind is a strong wind that blows toward the equator from the northeast or southeast.
0563660|Trademark is a word or words, a name, a design, a picture, a sound, or any other symbol that distinguishes the products of one company from those of another.
0563700|Trades Union Congress (TUC) is a national organization of British trade unions.
0563720|Trading post is a type of market place where people bring products to sell or to exchange for other goods.
0563740|Trading stamps are premiums or bonuses that a retailer gives with a cash purchase of goods.
0563780|Trafalgar, Battle of, fought on Oct. 21, 1805, is one of the major naval battles in history.
0563800|Traffic is the movement of people and goods from one place to another.
0563860|Tragedy is a form of drama that deals with serious human actions and issues.
0563880|Tragopan is the name of five species of quaillike birds.
0563920|Trailer is a wheeled vehicle that is pulled by an automobile, truck, or tractor.
0564060|Trajan, (A.D. 53?-117), was a Roman emperor and an important military leader.
0564090|Tram is the term used in the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth countries for a streetcar.
0564100|Trampoline is a device that a person bounces or jumps on to perform aerial tumbling exercises.
0564120|Trance is a term that is generally used to describe any kind of unnatural sleep or partly conscious state.
0564140|Tranquilizer is a drug that calms a person by acting on the nervous system.
0564150|Transactional analysis is a method of psychotherapy.
0564180|Trans-Canada Highway stretches about 5,000 miles (8,000 kilometers) across Canada and links the 10 provinces.
0564250|Transcendental Meditation (TM) is a method of relaxing the body that became popular in many countries during the 1970's.
0564260|Transcendentalism was a philosophy that became influential during the late 1700's and 1800's.
0564310|Transducer is a device that converts one form of energy into another.
0564340|Transfiguration was the change in physical appearance that came over Jesus Christ on one occasion during His ministry.
0564380|Transformer is a device that increases or decreases the voltage of alternating current.
0564420|Transistor is a tiny device that controls the flow of electric current in radios, television sets, computers, and almost every other kind of electronic equipment.
0564460|Transit, in astronomy, is the crossing of one heavenly body over the disk of a larger one, as seen from the earth.
0564470|Transit is a service that carries large numbers of people from place to place within cities or between cities and their suburbs.
0564520|Transmission is a device that transmits power from the engine of a vehicle to other parts, from which it is eventually delivered to the wheels.
0564560|Transmutation of elements is the conversion of one chemical element into another.
0564610|Transplant, in medicine, is the transfer of any tissue or organ from one person to another.
0564620|Transplanting, in gardening, is the process of removing a plant from one place and planting it in another.
0564670|Transport is the term used in Britain and other Commonwealth countries for transportation.
0564680|Transportation is the act of moving people or goods from one place to another.
0564690|Transportation, Department of, is an executive department of the United States government.
0564725|Transsexualism is a condition in which a person experiences persistent discomfort about his or her sexual designation.
0564730|Trans-Siberian Railroad was the first railroad built across Siberia, the vast area that makes up most of the Asian part of Russia.
0564740|Transubstantiation is a doctrine of the Roman Catholic Church.
0564760|Transuranium element is a radioactive element that has an atomic number higher than 92, the atomic number of uranium.
0564780|Transvaal is a historic region in the northern part of South Africa.
0564820|Transylvania is a geographical region of Romania near the Hungarian border.
0564860|Trap-door spider digs a burrow in the ground and covers the entrance with a lid, or trap door.
0564920|Trapping is the capture or killing of wild animals in traps.
0564940|Trappists are Roman Catholic monks who belong to the Order of Cistercians of the Strict Observance.
0564980|Trapshooting is a sport in which a person shoots at clay disks that are thrown into the air by a machine.
0565020|Trauma, in psychiatry, is an unpleasant emotional experience of such intensity that it leaves a lasting impression on the mind.
0565030|Trauma center is a specialized area of a hospital that treats only persons suffering from trauma (serious accidental injury).
0565050|Travel agency is a business that helps people arrange trips by handling many travel arrangements.
0565070|Travelers Aid Societies, National Organization of, is a nationwide network of agencies that provides service to individuals and families who have experienced difficulties related to homelessness, traveling, or moving their place of residence.
0565080|Traveler's check is a check that can be used as money or as a letter of credit.
0565140|Travers, P. L. (1906-1996), an Australian-born author, became known for her children's stories about Mary Poppins, an English nanny (nursemaid) who has magical powers.
0565160|Travertine is a dense, closely compacted form of limestone found mostly in banded layers.
0565200|Travis, William Barret (1809-1836), was a hero of the Battle of the Alamo in 1836, during the war for Texas' independence from Mexico.
0565220|Travois is a device used by American Indians and other peoples for carrying loads.
0565280|Treadmill is a wheeled mechanism rotated by people or animals walking on or inside the wheel.
0565300|Treason, once meant disloyalty to a sovereign ruler, such as a king.
0565420|Treasury, Department of the, is an executive department of the United States government.
0565460|Treaty is a formal agreement between two or more independent governments.
0565500|Treaty port. Through the years, foreign powers have used different methods to gain trading rights in China.
0565540|Treble is the upper, or highest, part in choral music of two or more parts.
0565560|Tree is the largest of all plants.
0565620|Tree farming. A tree farm is a privately owned area used to grow forest crops for a profit.
0565640|Tree frog, also called tree toad, spends much of its life in trees.
0565760|Tree shrew is the name of a group of small, swift-moving mammals that live in the forests of India, Southeast Asia, and southern China.
0565820|Tree surgery is the care of trees, chiefly by pruning, bracing, filling hollows, and removing decayed wood.
0565860|Trefoil, meaning three-leaved, is the name generally applied to various plants having compound leaves with three leaflets, like the clover.
0565960|Trench mouth, also called Vincent's infection, is a disease that centers in the mouth and throat.
0565980|Trent, Council of, was a series of conferences held by the Roman Catholic Church in Trent, Italy, between 1545 and 1563.
0566020|Trent Affair was a naval incident in the first year of the American Civil War (1861-1865).
0566080|Trenton (pop. 88,675; met. area pop. 325,824) is the capital of New Jersey and an important manufacturing center of the state.
0566140|Trepang is the commercial name of the dried bodies of certain species of wormlike marine animals called sea cucumbers (see SEA CUCUMBER ).
0566160|Trephining is a surgical operation that involves cutting out a small, button-shaped piece of the skull.
0566180|Trespass, in law, is most commonly known as the unlawful entrance upon the property of another.
0566222|Trevelyan, George Macaulay (1876-1962), was a famous British historian.
0566237|Trevino, Lee (1939- ), is an American golfer.
0566240|Trevithick, Richard (1771-1833), was a British inventor and engineer.
0566260|Trial is a method of settling disputes verbally in a court of law.
0566300|Trial by combat, also called trial by battle or wager of battle, was a way of settling legal disputes in the Middle Ages.
0566320|Triangle, in plane geometry, is an enclosed figure that has three line segments for sides.
0566340|Triangle is a percussion instrument that consists of a steel bar bent in a triangular shape with one open corner.
0566380|Trianon, Treaty of, was signed by Hungary and the Western Allies after World War I (1914-1918).
0566410|Triathlon is one of the most challenging endurance competitions in sports.
0566420|Tribe is a term used to describe certain human social groups.
0566440|Triborough Bridge, connects three boroughs of New York City--Manhattan, the Bronx, and Queens.
0566460|Tribune was an official in ancient Rome.
0566510|Triceratops was a large, horned, plant-eating dinosaur that lived about 65 million years ago in what is now western North America.
0566540|Trichina is a small roundworm that causes the disease trichinosis, also known as trichinellosis.
0566720|Trier, (pop. 93,472), is the oldest city in Germany.
0566740|Trieste, (pop. 231,100), is a city in northeastern Italy.
0566750|Triggerfish is a type of colorful fish that lives in coastal waters of warm and tropical seas.
0566755|Triglyceride is one of the major fatty substances in the blood.
0566760|Trigonometry is a branch of mathematics that deals with the relationships between the sides and angles of triangles.
0566840|Trilling, Lionel (1905-1975), was a major American literary critic.
0566860|Trillion is a thousand billion in the United States and France.
0566880|Trillium is a wild flower that grows in damp, wooded places in the United States, Canada, and Asia.
0566900|Trilobite was a prehistoric sea animal.
0566960|Trinidad and Tobago is a country that consists of two islands in the West Indies.
0567000|Trinity is a term used to express the belief that in the one God there are three Divine Persons--the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit (or Holy Ghost).
0567180|Tripe is a meat that comes from the stomach walls of cattle.
0567200|Triple Alliance was a defense agreement among Austria-Hungary, Germany, and Italy.
0567220|Triple Entente, means triple, or three-way, agreement.
0567230|Triple jump is a track and field event in which an athlete leaps as far as he or she can in three continuous jumps.
0567280|Tripoli, (pop. 175,000), is the second largest city in Lebanon.
0567300|Tripoli, (pop. 990,697), is the capital and largest city of Libya.
0567400|Tristan, or Tristram, was a legendary medieval knight whose love affair with Princess Isolt (Isolde) became one of the most famous love stories of all time.
0567435|Triticale is a grain produced by crossbreeding wheat and rye.
0567440|Tritium is a hydrogen isotope used in the release of nuclear energy through fusion, as in the hydrogen bomb.
0567460|Triton was a sea god in Greek mythology.
0567480|Triumph, in ancient Rome, was the highest honor given to a victorious general.
0567520|Triumvirate, in the history of ancient Rome, was a group of three men who attempted to seize control of the government.
0567640|Trogon is a family of birds.
0567660|Troika is a Russian word that means a group of three.
0567720|Trojan War was a conflict in which ancient Greece defeated the city of Troy.
0567800|Trollope, Anthony (1815-1882), was a popular English novelist of the 1800's.
0567820|Trombone is a brass instrument that consists chiefly of an oblong tube expanded into a bell at one end.
0567850|Trona is one of the most important natural soda minerals.
0567860|Trondheim, (pop. 137,408), is the third largest city in Norway.
0567960|Tropic of Cancer is an imaginary line that traces the northern boundary of the earth's Tropical Zone.
0567980|Tropic of Capricorn is an imaginary line that traces the southern boundary of the earth's Tropical Zone.
0568000|Tropical fish. Many kinds of fish live in the freshwater and saltwater habitats of the tropics.
0568010|Tropical rain forest is a forest of tall trees in a region of year-round warmth and plentiful rainfall.
0568015|Tropicbird is any of three species of sea birds found in tropical regions.
0568020|Tropics are the regions of the earth that lie within about 1,600 miles (2,570 kilometers) north and 1,600 miles south of the equator.
0568040|Tropism is a bending movement in living things caused by an outside stimulus (signal).
0568080|Troposphere is the layer of the atmosphere closest to the earth.
0568140|Trotsky, Leon (1879-1940), also spelled Trotzky, was a leader of the Bolshevik revolution in Russia (see BOLSHEVIKS ).
0568160|Troubadour was one of a large group of poet-musicians who flourished in southern France in the 1100's and 1200's.
0568200|Trout is a fish closely related to salmon, whitefish, and chars.
0568260|Trouvere was one of a group of poet-musicians who flourished in northern France in the 1100's and 1200's.
0568340|Troy, also called Ilium, was an ancient city in Asia Minor (now Turkey) that was made famous in the legends of early Greece.
0568380|Troy weight is a standard system used in weighing gold, silver, platinum, and coins.
0568430|Truce is a short suspension of hostilities between opposing sides in a war.
0568480|Truck is a motor vehicle used to carry freight.
0568500|Truck farming is raising vegetables or fruit, or both, for market.
0568540|Trudeau, Edward Livingston (1848-1915), was a pioneer in the antituberculosis movement in the United States.
0568545|Trudeau, Garry (1948- ), is an American cartoonist best known for his comic strip "Doonesbury.
0568550|Trudeau, Pierre Elliott (1919- ), served as prime minister of Canada from 1968 to 1979 and from 1980 to 1984.
0568570|Truffaut, Francois, (1932-1984), was a leading French motion-picture director.
0568580|Truffle is a type of fungus used as food and as a flavoring.
0568640|Truk Islands, form a large island group in the western Pacific Ocean.
0568660|Truman, Harry S. (1884-1972), became President at one of the most critical moments in American history.
0568702|Trumbull, John (1756-1843), an American artist, became known for his paintings of scenes of the Revolutionary War in America (1775-1783).
0568710|Trumbull, Jonathan (1710-1785), was governor of Connecticut in the Revolutionary period.
0568720|Trumbull, Lyman (1813-1896), was an American political leader.
0568760|Trumpet is a popular brass instrument in orchestras, bands, and jazz groups.
0568890|Trust fund is money or other property managed by one person or group for the benefit of another person or group.
0568900|Trust territory refers to an area administered by a country under the supervision of the United Nations (UN) Trusteeship Council.
0568980|Truth, Sojourner (1797?-1883), was the name used by Isabella Baumfree, one of the best-known American abolitionists of her day.
0569010|Truth table is a method of showing logical relationships between statements.
0569040|Trypanosome is a microscopic one-celled organism.
0569140|Tsetse fly is a two-winged fly of Africa.
0569180|Tsimshian Indians, once ranked among the wealthiest tribes in North America.
0569220|Tsunami is a destructive wave that sweeps in from the ocean like a huge tide.
0569300|Tuamotu Islands are an island group in the South Pacific.
0569320|Tuareg are the largest group of nomads living in the Sahara.
0569340|Tuatara is the name for two species of lizardlike reptiles that live only on a few small islands off the coast of New Zealand.
0569360|Tuba is the general name for a number of musical instruments in the brass family.
0569480|Tuber is a thick, enlarged portion of a stem that usually grows underground.
0569500|Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that mainly affects the lungs but can also involve other organs.
0569540|Tuberose is a plant of the agave family.
0569550|Tubman, Harriet (1820?-1913), was an African American whose daring rescues helped hundreds of slaves escape to freedom.
0569560|Tubman, William V. S. (1895-1971), was president of Liberia from 1944 until his death in 1971.
0569580|Tuchman, Barbara Wertheim (1912-1989), was an American historian who won two Pulitzer Prizes for general nonfiction.
0569590|Tucker, Richard (1913-1975), is generally considered the outstanding American operatic tenor of his day.
0569600|Tucson, Ariz. (pop. 405,390; met. area pop. 666,880), is a commercial and research center of the Southwest.
0569640|Tudor, House of, was the family that ruled England from 1485 to 1603.
0569680|Tuesday is the name of the third day of the week.
0569760|Tugboat, also called tug, is a small, powerful boat that maneuvers large vessels.
0569800|Tuileries, a famous royal palace, stood on the right bank of the River Seine in Paris.
0569840|Tula is the site of a major Toltec Indian city that flourished in what is now Mexico from the A.D. 900's to about 1200.
0569860|Tulane University is a private university in New Orleans.
0569880|Tularemia, also called rabbit fever, is an infectious disease of many mammals, including human beings.
0569920|Tulip is a lovely, graceful garden flower that came from southern Europe and Asia.
0569960|Tull, Jethro (1674-1741), an English farmer, built the first practical farm tool for planting seeds in rows.
0570020|Tulsa, Okla. (pop. 367,302; met. area pop. 708,954), is a major center of the United States petroleum industry.
0570100|Tumbleweed is the popular name for several plants that grow in the prairie and plains regions of the United States.
0570160|Tumor is an abnormal growth of tissues in the body.
0570220|Tuna is any of 14 species of saltwater fish in the mackerel family.
0570240|Tundra is a cold, dry region where trees cannot grow.
0570260|Tung oil is an oil that comes from the seed kernels of the tung tree.
0570280|Tungsten, also called wolfram, is a moderately hard, silver-white metal, and one of the chemical elements.
0570320|Tunic is a loose, short garment that is slipped on over the head and usually belted at the waist.
0570380|Tuning fork is a device used for tuning musical instruments and for finding a standard pitch.
0570400|Tunis, (pop. 596,654), is the capital and largest city of Tunisia.
0570420|Tunisia extends farther north than any other country in Africa.
0570460|Tunnel is an underground passageway.
0570480|Tunney, Gene (1897-1978), an American boxer, defeated Jack Dempsey in 1926 to become world heavyweight champion.
0570540|Tupelo is the name of several attractive trees native to North America and Southeast Asia.
0570560|Tupi-Guarani Indians, formed many tribes that lived in eastern and central South America.
0570580|Tupper, Sir Charles (1821-1915), served as prime minister of Canada for about 10 weeks in 1896.
0570620|Turban is a headdress worn by men in Muslim and Hindu countries.
0570660|Turbine is a device with a rotor turned by a moving fluid, such as water, steam, gas, or wind.
0570720|Turbot is a large flatfish that lives along the Atlantic Coast of Europe and in the Mediterranean Sea.
0570780|Turgenev, Ivan (1818-1883), was one of the greatest Russian novelists.
0570820|Turin, (pop. 962,507), is a city in northern Italy that lies on the Po River.
0570830|Turing, Alan Mathison (1912-1954), an English mathematician, made important contributions to the development of electronic digital computers.
0570860|Turkestan, also spelled Turkistan, is a vast region in Asia.
0570880|Turkey is a Middle Eastern nation that lies both in Europe and in Asia.
0570900|Turkey is a large North American bird related to chickens, peafowl, and pheasants.
0571000|Turkish bath is a type of bath that involves exposure to dry heat, moist heat, massage, and cold.
0571020|Turkmenistan is a mostly desert country in west-central Asia.
0571030|Turks are people who speak Turkic languages.
0571040|Turks and Caicos Islands are made up of about 30 barren, flat islands that lie in the West Indies, about 90 miles (145 kilometers) north of the Dominican Republic.
0571100|Turmeric is a plant that grows in southern Asia.
0571140|Turner, Frederick Jackson (1861-1932), an American historian, became famous for a theory he presented in 1893 in his paper "The Significance of the Frontier in American History.
0571160|Turner, J. M. W. (1775-1851), was perhaps the greatest landscape painter in the history of English art.
0571170|Turner, John Napier (1929- ), served as prime minister of Canada for 2 1/2 months in 1984.
0571180|Turner, Nat (1800-1831), a black slave and preacher, led the most famous slave revolt in United States history.
0571190|Turner, Ted (1938- ), an American broadcasting executive, is the founder and owner of Cable News Network (CNN).
0571220|Turner, Tina (1939- ), is an American rhythm and blues and rock singer known for her raspy voice and her dynamic stage performances.
0571260|Turnip is a vegetable grown for its fleshy root and green leaves.
0571300|Turnpike is a road upon which a traveler must pay a fee, or toll, to use the highway.
0571340|Turnstone is the name of two species of small shore birds.
0571400|Turpentine is a colorless or yellowish liquid that has a strong odor and is highly flammable.
0571420|Turpin, Dick (1706-1739), was an English robber whose exploits have appeared in English legends and literature.
0571440|Turquoise is a mineral widely used as a gemstone.
0571480|Turtle is the only reptile with a shell.
0571500|Turtle dove is a small dove that breeds in woodland and open country in Europe, western Asia, and northern Africa.
0571600|Tuscany is a political region, or state, in Italy.
0571700|Tuskegee University is a privately controlled, nonprofit coeducational institution in Tuskegee, Ala.
0571720|Tussaud, Marie Gresholtz, (1761?-1850), a Swiss modeler in wax, founded Madame Tussaud's Exhibition in London in 1802.
0571740|Tussock moth, makes up a family whose caterpillars have tussocks (tufts) of hair along the back.
0571760|Tutankhamen, served as king of Egypt from about 1347 B.C. until his death in 1339 B.C.
0571765|Tutsi are an African people who live mainly in the central African nations of Burundi and Rwanda.
0571770|Tutu, Desmond (1931- ), is a South African civil rights leader and Anglican archbishop.
0571820|Tuva is an autonomous republic in Russia.
0571830|Tuvalu is a small island country in the South Pacific Ocean.
0571840|Tuzigoot National Monument stands near Clarkdale, in central Arizona.
0571880|Twain, Mark (1835-1910), was the pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens, one of the major authors of American fiction.
0571900|Tweed is a rough, heavy, hairy, woolen cloth that may contain synthetic fibers.
0571920|Tweed, River, is a British waterway.
0571940|Tweed, William Marcy (1823-1878), was an American politician who swindled New York City out of millions of dollars.
0572010|Twelfth Night is a Christian holiday celebrated 12 days after Christmas, on January 6.
0572040|Twelve Tables, Laws of the, were the first written laws of the Romans.
0572120|Twilight is the period just before sunrise and the period just after sunset when the light in the sky is soft and mellow.
0572180|Twill is a weave that is used in making many kinds of strong, durable cloth.
0572240|Twine is a tough cord made of twisted strands of certain fibers.
0572260|Twinflower is a shrubby evergreen plant common in rock gardens.
0572515|Tyler, Anne (1941- ), is an American author whose novels reveal sensitive truths about the contemporary family.
0572560|Tyler, John (1790-1862), was the first Vice President to become President upon the death of a chief executive.
0572580|Tyler, Moses Coit (1835-1900), became the first great authority on early American literature.
0572590|Tyler, Royall (1757-1826), was an American playwright and lawyer.
0572620|Tylor, Sir Edward Burnett (1832-1917), a British anthropologist, is often regarded as the father of anthropology in the English-speaking world.
0572680|Tyndale, William (1494-1536), was an early English leader of the Reformation.
0572700|Tyndall, John (1820-1893), was a British physicist and natural philosopher.
0572740|Type is a letter, number, or other character used in printing.
0572800|Typewriter is a machine that produces printed letters and figures on paper.
0572820|Typhoid fever is a serious bacterial disease that results in fever, weakness, and, in severe cases, death.
0572830|Typhoid Mary was a name sometimes used in referring to Mary Mallon (1868?-1938), the first known carrier of typhoid fever in the United States.
0572840|Typhoon is a violent, low-pressure tropical storm that occurs in the western Pacific Ocean.
0572860|Typhus is any one of a group of important diseases caused by rickettsias.
0572870|Tyrannosaurus was a large, meat-eating dinosaur that lived about 68 million to 65 million years ago in what is now western North America.
0572960|Tyranny is a term used throughout history to describe various forms of government by rulers who have unrestricted power.
0572980|Tyre was an ancient Phoenician seaport.
0573020|Tyrol, also spelled Tirol, is a beautiful mountainous region in western Austria and northern Italy.
0573050|Tyrrell, Joseph Burr (1858-1957), was a Canadian geologist, historian, and mining engineer.
0573060|Tyrrhenian Sea, a part of the Mediterranean Sea.
0573070|Tyson, Mike (1966- ), became the youngest heavy-weight champion in boxing history when he won the World Boxing Council (WBC) version of the title in 1986.
0573080|U is the 21st letter of our alphabet.
0573180|U-235 is a radioactive isotope of uranium that is used in nuclear reactors and certain nuclear weapons.
0573260|Ubangi River is the chief northern tributary of the Congo River in Africa.
0573320|Uccello, Paolo, (1397-1475), was an Italian Renaissance painter.
0573400|Uganda is a thickly populated country in east-central Africa.
0573500|Ukraine is the second largest country in area in Europe.
0573540|Ukulele is a four-stringed musical instrument related to the guitar.
0573560|Ulan Bator, (pop. 515,000), is the capital and largest city of Mongolia.
0573580|Ulcer is an open sore in the skin or mucous membrane.
0573680|Ulster was one of the five provinces of early Ireland.
0573720|Ultima Thule was the name given in ancient literature to the most northern of known lands.
0573820|Ultramarine is a blue pigment that has a reddish hue.
0573840|Ultramicroscope is an instrument that allows a person to see objects much smaller than those that can be seen under an ordinary microscope.
0573860|Ultrasound is sound that is too high-pitched for human beings to hear.
0573880|Ultraviolet rays are an invisible form of light.
0573920|Ulysses was king of Ithaca and a brave and cunning hero in Greek mythology.
0573980|Umber is a brown mineral pigment used to color inks, paints, and paper.
0574000|Umbilical cord is a ropelike structure that connects a developing baby to the placenta during pregnancy (see PLACENTA ).
0574040|Umbrella is a device that protects people from rain and sun.
0574090|Umbrellabird is the name of three species of birds that live in the tropical forests of Central and South America.
0574140|Un-American Activities Committee was an investigating committee of the United States House of Representatives.
0574180|Unamuno, Miguel de, (1864-1936), was a Spanish philosophical essayist, poet, novelist, and dramatist.
0574220|Uncas, (1588?-1683?), was a chief of the Mohegan Indians in Connecticut during colonial times.
0574260|Uncle Sam is a figure that symbolizes the United States.
0574280|Uncle Tom's Cabin is a famous antislavery novel by the American author Harriet Beecher Stowe.
0574320|Unconscious, in psychology, is a term used to describe such mental processes as thoughts, ideas, and feelings that go on in people's minds without their being aware of them.
0574400|Underground, in political terms, is a secretly conducted movement to overthrow the government or the military occupation forces of a country.
0574420|Underground railroad was an informal system that helped slaves escape to the Northern States and Canada during the mid-1800's.
0574580|Underwriting is a term first used in England in the 1600's.
0574600|Undset, Sigrid, (1882-1949), a Norwegian author, won the 1928 Nobel Prize for literature.
0574680|Unemployment is the state of a person who is out of work and actively looking for a job.
0574700|Unemployment insurance is a means of protecting workers who are out of work and looking for employment.
0574720|UNESCO is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN).
0574780|Ungulate is any mammal whose toes end in hoofs.
0574840|UNICEF is the commonly used name for the United Nations (UN) agency officially called the United Nations Children's Fund.
0574860|Unicorn is a legendary, one-horned animal described in ancient and medieval literature.
0574870|Unicycle is a vehicle with a seat and frame mounted above a single wheel.
0574880|Unidentified flying object (UFO) is a light or object in the air that has no obvious explanation.
0574920|Uniform Code of Military Justice is a set of laws that establishes a military justice system in the United States.
0575040|Union, Act of, in Canadian history, united the colonies of Upper Canada and Lower Canada.
0575160|Union Jack is the name sometimes used for the national flag of the United Kingdom, officially called the British Union Flag.
0575200|Union of Needletrades, Industrial and Textile Employees, also called UNITE, is a North American labor union.
0575240|Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R.), also called the Soviet Union, was the world's first and most powerful Communist country.
0575300|Union shop is a form of security given to a union in a collective-bargaining agreement.
0575420|Unit, in measurement, is a quantity adopted as the standard by which any other quantity of the same kind is measured.
0575440|Unit rule, in the United States, was a voting rule permitted by the Democratic Party at its presidential nominating conventions from 1860 until 1968.
0575460|Unitarian Universalist Association is a religious denomination formed in 1961 to consolidate the American Unitarian Association and the Universalist Church of America.
0575465|Unitarians believe in the unity of God, rather than in the doctrine of the Trinity as found in the historic creeds of the Christian church.
0575470|Unitas, John (1933- ), was one of the greatest quarterbacks in National Football League (NFL) history.
0575520|United Arab Emirates is a federation of seven independent Arab states in southwestern Asia.
0575540|United Arab Republic (U.A.R.) was a union of two independent Middle Eastern countries, Egypt and Syria.
0575580|United Automobile Workers (UAW) is one of the largest labor unions of the United States.
0575600|United Church of Canada is the largest Protestant church in Canada.
0575620|United Church of Christ is a Protestant religious denomination.
0575660|United Empire Loyalists were American colonists who moved to British colonies in Canada during and after the Revolutionary War in America (1775-1783).
0575670|United Farm Workers of America is a well-known union of farm laborers.
0575680|United Food and Commercial Workers International Union is one of the largest unions in the United States.
0575720|United Jewish Appeal is an organization that raises funds to support health, cultural, and human services provided by the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee and the Jewish Agency for Israel.
0575730|United Kennel Club (UKC) is the second largest dog registry in the United States.
0575740|United Kingdom is a country in northwestern Europe.
0575750|United Methodist Church is the largest Methodist denomination in the United States.
0575760|United Mine Workers of America (UMW) is an industrial trade union that represents workers in many of the coal mines and coal-processing industries of the United States.
0575780|United Nations (UN) is an organization of nations that works for world peace and security and the betterment of humanity.
0575850|United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) that promotes industrialization in developing countries.
0575870|United Nations University is a worldwide research and advanced training institution established by the United Nations (UN).
0575880|United Negro College Fund is a nonprofit fund-raising organization.
0575885|United Parcel Service (UPS) is the largest package delivery company in the United States.
0575900|United Press International (UPI) is one of the largest privately owned news services in the world.
0575920|United Service Organizations (USO) is a civilian nonprofit organization that serves the members of the United States armed forces and their families.
0575960|United States of America is the third-largest country in the world in population, and it is the fourth-largest country in area.
0575980|United States, Government of the. The government of the United States represents, serves, and protects the American people at home and abroad.
0576000|United States, History of the. The history of the United States is the story of a great nation that was carved out of a wilderness by a brave and freedom-loving people.
0576040|United States Air Force Academy prepares young men and women for careers as officers in the United States Air Force.
0576140|United States capitals. The U.S. government had no permanent capital until 1800, when it took up residence in Washington, D.C.
0576200|United States Coast Guard Academy prepares young men and women to serve as commissioned officers in the United States Coast Guard.
0576260|United States Department ... . Each executive department of the U.S. government has an article in World Book.
0576380|United States Information Agency (USIA) is an independent agency that serves as the official diplomacy arm of the United States government.
0576440|United States Merchant Marine Academy trains young men and women to become officers in the United States Merchant Marine.
0576460|United States Military Academy at West Point, N.Y., is the oldest military college in the United States.
0576500|United States Naval Academy at Annapolis, Maryland, is a government-operated military college that educates and trains young men and women to become officers in the United States Navy and Marine Corps.
0576850|United Way of America is the national service association for more than 1,000 independent local United Way organizations in the United States.
0576920|Univalve is the name given to a class of mollusks whose shells are in one piece.
0576960|Universal language. Language is the main means of communication between peoples.
0577040|Universe consists of all matter, light, and other forms of radiation and energy.
0577060|Universities and colleges are schools that continue a person's education beyond high school.
0577160|Unknown soldier. After World War I (1914-1918), officials of the Allied countries found that the bodies of many soldiers killed in battle could not be identified.
0577170|Unser, Al, Sr. (1939- ), became one of the most successful drivers in automobile racing history.
0577260|Upanishads are a group of writings that make up the last section of a collection of Hindu scriptures called the Vedas.
0577280|Upas is the name of a large forest tree that grows in southeastern Asia and Indonesia.
0577290|Updike, John (1932- ), is an American author of novels, short stories, essays, and poetry.
0577340|Upland sandpiper is a North American bird of the sandpiper family.
0577560|Ur, a city in the ancient region of Sumer (now southeastern Iraq), was one of the world's first cities.
0577580|Ural Mountains, extend for about 1,500 miles (2,400 kilometers) through the western part of Russia.
0577600|Ural River is a shallow river that rises in the southern Ural Mountains in Russia.
0577660|Uranium is a silvery-white, radioactive metal.
0577700|Uranus was the first god of the sky in Greek mythology.
0577720|Uranus is the seventh planet from the sun.
0577741|Urban II (1042?-1099) was elected pope in 1088.
0577748|Urban VI (1318-1389) was elected pope in 1378.
0577755|Urban Coalition, National, is an organization that works to solve urban problems in the United States.
0577760|Urban League is an organization that works to end racial discrimination and to increase the economic and political power of blacks and other minority groups in the United States.
0577800|Urban renewal refers to city programs to eliminate slums and replace them with improved residential, commercial, or industrial areas.
0577880|Urea, also called carbamide, is a nitrogen-rich organic compound produced by the bodies of human beings and many other animals.
0577900|Uremia is a condition that occurs when poisonous wastes build up in the blood.
0577960|Urey, Harold Clayton (1893-1981), was an American chemist who made important contributions in two main fields.
0577980|Uric acid is a nitrogen-containing chemical produced in the digestive system during the breakdown of many foods.
0578000|Urine is a liquid waste product of the body produced by the kidneys.
0578020|Uris, Leon (1924- ), is an American author.
0578220|Uruguay is a small country on the southeastern coast of South America.
0578240|Uruguay River is part of the great Parana and La Plata river system of South America.
0578400|Usury is interest at a higher rate than the law allows.
0578410|USX Corporation is one of the world's largest steel producers.
0578420|Utah is a state in the Rocky Mountain region of the United States.
0578440|Utah, University of, is a state-supported coeducational university in Salt Lake City, Utah.
0578500|Utamaro, (1753-1806), was a leading Japanese printmaker.
0578520|Ute Indians are a tribe of the Western United States.
0578560|Uterus is a hollow, muscular organ of the female reproductive system in which an unborn baby develops.
0578580|Utica, an ancient North African city, was the oldest Phoenician colony in the western Mediterranean Sea.
0578600|Utica, N.Y. (pop. 68,637), is an important commercial and industrial center in the Mohawk Valley along the New York State Barge Canal System.
0578620|Utilitarianism is a theory of morality that associates the rightness of an act with its consequences.
0578660|Utopia is the name commonly given to an imaginary land where everything is supposed to be perfect.
0578680|Utrecht, (pop. 231,769; met. area 494,898), is a Dutch city that lies along the Rhine River, about 22 miles (35 kilometers) southeast of Amsterdam.
0578700|Utrecht, Peace of, was one of the great international peace settlements of history.
0578720|Utrillo, Maurice, (1883-1955), was a French artist known for his paintings of Paris street scenes.
0578760|Uzbekistan is a country in central Asia.
0578780|V is the 22nd letter of our alphabet.
0578820|V-E Day, which stands for Victory in Europe Day, was officially proclaimed by United States President Harry S. Truman on Tuesday, May 8, 1945.
0578840|V-J Day, which stands for Victory over Japan Day, marked the end of World War II.
0578960|Vacuum is a space that has no matter in it.
0579000|Vacuum cleaner is an electric appliance that cleans by suction.
0579040|Vacuum tube is a device once widely used in such electronic equipment as radios, television sets, and computers.
0579060|Vaduz, (pop. 4,920), is the capital of the principality of Liechtenstein.
0579070|Vagina is a female reproductive organ.
0579080|Vaginitis is an inflammation of the vagina.
0579100|Vagrancy. A person who wanders from place to place, and who lives in idleness and without any settled home, is called a vagrant, or vagabond.
0579260|Valence, also called valency, is a number that indicates the ability of a chemical element to combine with other elements.
0579300|Valencia, (pop. 752,909), is the third largest city in Spain.
0579320|Valens, (A.D. 328-378), was the Roman emperor who allowed large numbers of barbarians to settle south of the Danube River.
0579340|Valentine, Saint, is the name associated with two martyrs of the early Christian church.
0579360|Valentine's Day is a special day observed on February 14.
0579381|Valentinian I (A.D. 321-375) was Roman emperor from A.D. 364 until his death in 375.
0579382|Valentinian III (A.D. 419-455) was emperor of the West Roman Empire.
0579400|Valentino, Rudolph (1895-1926), was the most popular romantic star of American silent motion pictures.
0579460|Valerian is the name of a large family of herbs and shrubs found chiefly in the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.
0579480|Valery, Paul (1871-1945), was a French poet and critic who is often considered the greatest writer in the movement called symbolism.
0579520|Valhalla was the great hall of the dead heroes in Scandinavian mythology.
0579570|Vallandigham, Clement Laird (1820-1871), an Ohio politician, criticized President Abraham Lincoln's Civil War policies.
0579580|Valle, Jose Cecilio Del (1780-1834), a Central American patriot and statesman, wrote the Central American Declaration of Independence, proclaiming freedom from Spain on Sept. 15, 1821.
0579640|Valletta, (pop. 9,239), is the capital and chief seaport of Malta.
0579660|Valley is a natural trough in the earth's surface.
0579700|Valley Forge, Pa., is an area along the Schuylkill River, about 25 miles (40 kilometers) northwest of Philadelphia.
0579780|Valley of the Kings is a rocky, narrow gorge, which was used as a cemetery by the pharaohs (kings) of ancient Egypt between 1550 and 1100 B.C.
0579840|Valois was the family name of a line of kings who ruled France from 1328 to 1589.
0579880|Valparaiso, (pop. 276,756), is the principal seaport and one of the largest cities of Chile.
0579920|Value, in economics, means the power of a commodity to command other commodities in exchange.
0579970|Value added by manufacture is a statistic used to measure and compare the value of manufacturing activity.
0579975|Value-added tax is a tax imposed by a government at each stage in the production of a good or service.
0579980|Valve is a term used for various mechanical devices which open and close to control the flow of fluids in pipes and vessels.
0580000|Vampire is a corpse that supposedly returns to life at night to suck people's blood.
0580020|Vampire bat is the name given several different bats.
0580060|Vanadium is a silvery-white metallic element.
0580070|Van Allen, James Alfred (1914- ), a physicist, discovered the Van Allen belts, two zones of electrically charged particles that surround the earth.
0580080|Van Allen belts, also called radiation belts, are two zones of electrically charged particles that surround the earth high above its surface.
0580085|Van Allsburg, Chris (1949- ), is an American author and illustrator of children's books.
0580090|Vanbrugh, Sir John (1664-1726), was an English playwright and architect.
0580095|Van Buren, Abigail (1918- ), writes a newspaper advice column called Dear Abby.
0580100|Van Buren, Martin (1782-1862), ran for President three times but won only the first time.
0580110|Vance, Cyrus Roberts (1917- ), served as secretary of state from 1977 to 1980 under President Jimmy Carter.
0580120|Vance, Zebulon Baird (1830-1894), was a Confederate governor of North Carolina and a Democratic United States senator.
0580140|Vancouver is the largest city in British Columbia and the busiest port in Canada.
0580160|Vancouver (pop. 46,380) is a port city on the Columbia River in southwestern Washington.
0580180|Vancouver, George (1758-1798), was a British explorer.
0580200|Vancouver Island is the largest island on the Pacific Coast of North America, and an important part of the Canadian province of British Columbia.
0580243|Vandalism is criminal damage to property.
0580247|Vandals were a Germanic tribe of barbarians that invaded the West Roman Empire during the early A.D. 400's.
0580250|Van de Graaff, Robert Jemison (1901-1967), an American physicist, invented the electrostatic generator named after him.
0580260|Van de Graaff generator, also known as an electrostatic generator, is a device for building up a high electric charge.
0580340|Vandenberg Air Force Base, California, is the United States Air Force's rocket-launching site on the Pacific Coast.
0580361|Vanderbilt, Cornelius (1794-1877), was the most successful and powerful American businessman of his time.
0580420|Vanderbilt University is a coeducational, privately controlled research university in Nashville, Tenn.
0580440|Van der Goes, Hugo (1440?-1482), was the leading Flemish painter of religious subjects and portraits of his generation.
0580480|Van der Weyden, Rogier, (1399?-1464), was a Flemish painter of portraits and religious subjects.
0580540|Van Dine, S. S. (1888-1939), is the pen name of Willard Huntington Wright, an American author of detective fiction.
0580561|Van Doren, Carl (1885-1950), was an American biographer and critic.
0580562|Van Doren, Mark (1894-1972), was an American poet, critic, and educator.
0580580|Van Druten, John William (1901-1957), was a playwright who became known for his polished comedies.
0580600|Van Dyck, Sir Anthony (1599-1641), was one of the most popular portrait painters of his time.
0580660|Van Eyck, Jan, (1380?-1441), was one of the greatest and most influential Flemish painters of altarpieces and portraits of the 1400's.
0580700|Van Gogh, Vincent (1853-1890), was a Dutch painter.
0580760|Van Horne, Sir William Cornelius (1843-1915), was a railroad executive.
0580780|Vanier, Georges Philias (1888-1967), served as governor general of Canada from 1959 to 1967.
0580800|Vanilla is the name of a group of climbing orchids.
0580860|Van Leyden, Lucas (1494?-1533), was a Dutch graphic artist and painter best known for his engravings.
0580901|Van Rensselaer, Kiliaen (1595-1643), was one of the leading Dutch colonizers of the territory that later became New York.
0580935|Vanuatu is an island country that lies in the southwest Pacific Ocean.
0581000|Vapor is the gaseous state into which solids and liquids pass when heated.
0581040|Vapor lock occurs in a gasoline engine when some of the gasoline boils in the fuel-supply system.
0581060|Varanasi, (pop. 1,026,467), is an ancient holy city of the Hindus in northern India.
0581100|Varese, Edgard, (1883-1965), was a leading composer of the early 1900's.
0581150|Vargas Llosa, Mario (1936- ), is the first Peruvian novelist to win international renown.
0581220|Variation, in music, is the technique of adding to or changing some element of a composition.
0581260|Varicose vein is a swollen vein caused by some body condition that interferes with the flow of blood toward the heart.
0581400|Varnish is a transparent liquid used to protect wood, metal, and other materials from air and moisture, and to improve their appearance.
0581500|Vase is a general term for a decorative or ornamental hollow vessel that is usually used to hold flowers.
0581620|Vassar, Matthew (1792-1868), was an American brewer who founded Vassar College.
0581640|Vassar College is a coeducational liberal arts college at Poughkeepsie, New York.
0581660|Vatican City, (pop. 1,000), is the smallest independent country in the world.
0581685|Vatican Council I was the 20th ecumenical (general) council of the Roman Catholic Church.
0581690|Vatican Council II was the 21st ecumenical (general) council of the Roman Catholic Church.
0581760|Vaudeville is a kind of theatrical entertainment that features a wide variety of acts.
0581770|Vaughan, Henry (1622-1695), was one of the leading poets of the 1600's.
0581775|Vaughan, Sarah (1924-1990), was a famous jazz singer who also achieved great success in popular music.
0581780|Vaughan Williams, Ralph, (1872-1958), was one of Britain's foremost composers.
0581800|Vault is an architectural term for an arched roof or ceiling.
0581820|Veal is the flesh of cattle that are too young and small to be sold as beef.
0581840|Veblen, Thorstein Bunde (1857-1929), an American economist, was one of the most original and creative thinkers in the history of American economic thought.
0581900|Vedas are the oldest sacred books of Hinduism.
0581920|Veery is a songbird of the Western Hemisphere.
0581940|Vega is the brightest star in Lyra, a constellation in the Northern Hemisphere.
0581960|Vega, Lope de, (1562-1635), was the most productive playwright of Spain's Golden Age.
0581980|Vegetable is any of many nutritious foods that come from the leaves, roots, seeds, stems, and other parts of certain plants.
0582000|Vegetable oil is a fatty substance obtained from certain plants.
0582020|Vegetarianism is the practice of not eating meat.
0582080|Vein is a blood vessel that carries blood toward the heart.
0582100|Velazquez, Diego, (1599-1660), was an important Spanish baroque painter.
0582130|Velociraptor was a quick, fierce meat-eating dinosaur.
0582200|Velocity is the rate at which a body moves in space in a given direction.
0582260|Velvet is a handsome fabric with a soft and luxurious feel.
0582290|Velvetleaf is a weed that has velvety, heart-shaped leaves.
0582360|Vendetta is a family feud once common in Italy, especially in Corsica and Sicily.
0582380|Vending machine is a self-service device that dispenses a product or service when money or a token, card, or key is inserted into it.
0582560|Venezuela is a South American country that ranks as one of the world's leading producers and exporters of petroleum.
0582580|Venice, Italy (pop. 309,422), is one of the world's most famous and unusual cities.
0582680|Venizelos, Eleutherios, (1864-1936), was the dominant figure in Greek politics from 1910 to 1935.
0582720|Venom is a poisonous substance produced by many kinds of animals.
0582760|Ventilation supplies fresh air to indoor places and removes stale air from these places.
0582800|Ventriloquism is the illusion of making the voice appear to come from somewhere other than its source.
0582820|Ventris, Michael George Francis (1922-1956), a British architect, solved one of the great mysteries of archaeology.
0582830|Venturi, Robert (1925- ), is an American architect whose theories and designs helped establish post-modernism as an important architectural movement.
0582860|Venus was a major goddess in Roman mythology.
0582880|Venus is known as the earth's "twin" because the two planets are so similar in size.
0582900|Venus de Milo is a famous ancient Greek statue.
0582920|Venus's-flytrap is a plant found in a small area of the coastal regions of North and South Carolina.
0582980|Veracruz, (pop. 328,607), is the chief port of Mexico.
0583000|Verb is a part of speech that expresses an action or a state of being.
0583020|Verbena is the name of a large group of plants, almost all of which are native to North America and South America.
0583030|Vercheres, Marie Madeleine Jarret de (1678-1747), was a French-Canadian heroine who led the defense of a fort against an Indian attack.
0583100|Verdi, Giuseppe, (1813-1901), was an Italian composer of operas.
0583140|Verdin is a small, yellow-headed bird that lives in the arid portions of the southwestern United States and of Mexico.
0583180|Verdun, Battles of. Verdun, one of the oldest cities of France, has been a battleground since Attila the Hun ravaged it in A.D. 450.
0583200|Verdun, Treaty of, divided Charlemagne's empire into three parts.
0583245|Verga, Giovanni, (1840-1922), was an Italian novelist, playwright, and short-story writer.
0583260|Verlaine, Paul (1844-1896), was a French poet who became a leader of the poetic movement called symbolism.
0583280|Vermeer, Jan, (1632-1675), was a Dutch painter.
0583340|Vermiculite is a mineral that occurs as layered flakes.
0583380|Vermilion is a bright, scarlet pigment used to color inks, paints, and other substances.
0583420|Vermont, a New England state of the United States, is famous for its Green Mountains.
0583440|Vermont, University of, is a state-supported coeducational school in Burlington, Vermont.
0583520|Verne, Jules (1828-1905), a French novelist, wrote some of the first science-fiction stories.
0583540|Vernier is an instrument used in measuring lengths and angles.
0583640|Veronese, Paolo, (1528-1588), painted in and around Venice at the end of the Italian Renaissance.
0583685|Verrazzano, Giovanni da, (1485?-1528?), an Italian navigator in the service of France, sailed to North America in 1524.
0583740|Verrocchio, Andrea del, (about 1435-1488), was an Italian sculptor and painter.
0583770|Versailles, Palace of, is a magnificent palace in northern France.
0583780|Versailles, Treaty of, officially ended military actions against Germany in World War I.
0583900|Vertebrate is an animal with a spinal column (backbone) and a cranium (brain case).
0584060|Very high frequency waves, also called VHF waves, are electromagnetic waves in the frequency band from 30 megahertz (30 million cycles per second) to 300 megahertz (300 million cycles per second).
0584100|Vesalius, Andreas, (1514-1564), a Flemish anatomist and physician, made important contributions to the study of human anatomy.
0584110|Vesey, Denmark (1767?-1822), a black freedman, planned a slave revolt that involved more blacks than any other uprising in U.S. history.
0584140|Vespasian, (A.D. 9-79), was a Roman emperor.
0584200|Vespucci, Amerigo, (1454-1512), was an Italian-born explorer for whom America was named.
0584220|Vesta was a goddess of the household in Roman mythology.
0584260|Vesuvius is the only active volcano on the mainland of Europe.
0584280|Vetch is a type of vine that is grown chiefly as feed for cattle and sheep.
0584320|Veterans Affairs, Department of, also called the VA, is an executive department of the United States government.
0584340|Veterans Day honors men and women who have served in the United States armed services.
0584380|Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States (VFW) is one of the largest veterans' organizations in the United States.
0584400|Veterans' organizations include former members of a nation's armed services.
0584420|Veterinary medicine is the branch of medicine that deals with the diseases of animals.
0584440|Veto is a Latin word which means I forbid.
0584620|Viaduct is like a bridge, except that it crosses over dry land instead of water.
0584650|Vibraphone is a percussion instrument that consists of a number of aluminum bars arranged on a frame like the keys of a piano.
0584660|Vibration, in mechanics, is the rapid back-and-forth motion of an object.
0584740|Vice president is the second highest executive officer in the government of some nations.
0584760|Vice President of the United States is only a heartbeat away from the most powerful elective office in the world.
0584770|Viceroy is an official who rules a province or colony in the name of a king.
0584820|Vichy, (pop. 28,048), is a resort town on the Allier River in central France.
0584840|Vicksburg, Miss. (pop. 20,908), is a major Mississippi River port.
0584902|Victor Emmanuel II (1820-1878) was king of the Kingdom of Sardinia from 1849 to 1861 and the first king of Italy from 1861 to 1878.
0584903|Victor Emmanuel III (1869-1947) was king of Italy from 1900 to 1946.
0584920|Victoria (1819-1901) was queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 1837 to 1901 and became one of the most famous rulers in English history.
0584940|Victoria is the smallest state on the Australian mainland.
0584960|Victoria (pop. 71,228; met. area pop. 287,897) is the capital of British Columbia.
0584970|Victoria, Guadalupe, (1785-1843), was the first president of Mexico.
0585010|Victoria and Albert Museum, in London, houses one of the world's most important collections of decorative art and fine art.
0585060|Victoria Day commemorates the birthday of Queen Victoria on May 24, 1819.
0585100|Victoria Falls is a spectacular waterfall in southern Africa.
0585120|Victoria Land is part of the Antarctic subcontinent.
0585220|Vicuna is the smallest member of the camel family.
0585230|Vidal, Gore, (1925- ), is an American author best known for his novels.
0585242|Video game is a game played by an electronic device and displayed on a television set, computer monitor, or other viewing screen.
0585245|Videodisc, also spelled video disk or videodisk, is a flat, round platter on which visual images and sound have been recorded for reproduction on a television set.
0585255|Videotape recorder is a device that records visual images and sound on magnetic tape.
0585260|Vienna, (pop. 1,539,858), is the capital and largest city of Austria.
0585280|Vienna, Congress of, was a meeting held from late 1814 through early 1815 to settle the issues arising from almost 25 years of war between France and the rest of Europe.
0585300|Vientiane, (pop. 264,277), is the capital and largest city of Laos.
0585360|Vietnam is a tropical country in Southeast Asia.
0585365|Vietnam Veterans Memorial is a monument in Washington, D.C., that honors the Americans who served in the Vietnam War.
0585370|Vietnam War was the longest war in which the United States took part.
0585390|Vigee-Lebrun, Elisabeth, (1755-1842), was one of the most fashionable portrait painters in France before the French Revolution (1789-1799).
0585460|Vigilante is a member of a self-appointed citizen group called a vigilance committee.
0585480|Vigny, Alfred de (1797-1863), a French author, was a leading figure in the romantic movement.
0585500|Vikings were fierce pirates and warriors who terrorized Europe from the late 700's to about 1100.
0585540|Villa, Pancho, (1877-1923), was a Mexican rebel general during the Mexican Revolution (1910-1920).
0585560|Villa-Lobos, Heitor, (1887-1959), was a Brazilian composer who played a crucial role in developing a Brazilian national style of music.
0585620|Village is any small group or community of houses and dwellings.
0585720|Villein was an agricultural worker whose status was midway between that of freeman and slave during the Middle Ages in England.
0585730|Villella, Edward Joseph (1936- ), an American dancer, gained fame while performing with the New York City Ballet.
0585755|Villiers de l'Isle-Adam, Comte de (1838-1889), a French writer, was a leading figure in the symbolist movement.
0585760|Villon, Francois, (1431- ? ), was a great French poet.
0585780|Vilnius, (pop. 591,066), is the capital and largest city of Lithuania.
0585810|Vimy Ridge, Battle of, was a World War I battle in which Canadian forces scored an important victory over the Germans.
0585820|Vina del Mar, (pop. 307,308), is one of the largest cities in Chile and the country's leading seaside resort city.
0585840|Vincennes, (pop. 19,859), was the first permanent settlement in what is now Indiana.
0585850|Vincent de Paul, Saint (1581-1660), a Roman Catholic leader, founded two important religious orders.
0585960|Vine usually means a plant that has a weak and flexible stem requiring some kind of support.
0585980|Vinegar is a sour liquid used for seasoning and for preserving foods.
0586020|Vinegar eel is a tiny roundworm that lives in vinegar.
0586100|Vinland is the name early Scandinavian explorers gave to a region on the east coast of North America.
0586120|Vinson, Frederick Moore (1890-1953), was chief justice of the United States from 1946 to 1953.
0586180|Viol is the name of a class of stringed instruments played with a bow.
0586200|Viola is a stringed musical instrument that resembles a large violin.
0586240|Violet is the common name of a group of flowering plants.
0586260|Violin is a stringed instrument that is played with a bow.
0586300|Viper is any one of a group of poisonous snakes.
0586320|Viper's bugloss is a plant that is also known as blue thistle.
0586360|Virchow, Rudolf (1821-1902), was a prominent German physician, scientist, and statesman.
0586380|Vireo is the name of a group of small birds found in forests and thickets of the Americas.
0586400|Virgil (70-19 B.C.), also spelled Vergil, was the greatest poet of ancient Rome and one of the outstanding poets in world literature.
0586420|Virgin Islands is the name of two groups of small islands east of Puerto Rico.
0586440|Virgin Islands, British, are a dependency of the United Kingdom in the West Indies.
0586460|Virgin Islands National Park lies chiefly on St. John, the smallest of the three chief American-owned Virgin Islands in the Caribbean Sea.
0586520|Virginal is a keyboard instrument that resembles a harpsichord.
0586540|Virginia, a Southern State of the United States, was the site of some of the most important events in American history.
0586560|Virginia, University of, is a state-controlled coeducational school in Charlottesville, Va.
0586570|Virginia Beach (pop. 393,069) is the largest city in Virginia.
0586580|Virginia City, Nev., is perhaps the most celebrated and best-preserved old mining town in the West.
0586600|Virginia creeper is a creeping and high-climbing woody plant.
0586780|Virginius Massacre was an incident in 1873 that almost started a war between the United States and Spain.
0586820|Virgo is the sixth sign of the zodiac.
0586825|Viroid is one of the smallest known agents of infectious disease.
0586870|Virtual reality is an artificial, three-dimensional environment created by a computer and various other devices.
0586880|Virus is a microscopic organism that lives in a cell of another living thing.
0586920|Visa is an endorsement that government officials place on a passport to show the passport is valid (see PASSPORT ).
0586960|Viscosity is a measure of the resistance of a fluid (liquid or gas) to flow.
0586980|Viscount is a title held by certain British noblemen.
0587020|Vishnu is one of the two main gods of Hinduism.
0587160|Vistula River is an important waterway of east-central Europe.
0587220|Vital statistics are a record of the most basic human events, including birth, marriage, divorce, sickness, and death.
0587240|Vitamin is a chemical compound that the human body needs in small amounts.
0587250|Vitiligo is a noninfectious disease in which people develop white spots on the skin.
0587340|Vivaldi, Antonio (1678-1741), was an Italian composer.
0587380|Viviparous animal is an animal that reproduces by means of eggs that are fertilized and develop inside of the mother's body.
0587440|Vizier is the title some Muslim countries give to certain high officials, such as ministers of state.
0587460|Vizsla is a short-haired hunting dog also known as the Hungarian pointer.
0587480|Vladimir I, (956?-1015), was a Grand Prince of Kiev, in what is now Ukraine.
0587500|Vladivostok, (pop. 643,000), is the most important port of Russia on the Pacific Ocean.
0587520|Vlaminck, Maurice de, (1876-1958), was a French artist.
0587540|Vocabulary is the total number of words in a language.
0587620|Vocational education prepares people for an occupation that does not require a bachelor's degree.
0587670|Vocational rehabilitation is a program or service designed to help disabled people become fit for jobs.
0587800|Voice. Almost all animals have voices.
0587820|Voice, in grammar, is a feature of transitive verbs.
0587840|Voice of America (VOA) is the primary official worldwide broadcasting service of the United States.
0587850|Voiceprint, also called speech spectrogram, is a visual record of the sound waves of a human voice.
0587860|Voile is a thin, open cloth made of silk, cotton, polyester, rayon, or nylon.
0587920|Volcano is an opening in the earth's surface through which lava, hot gases, and rock fragments erupt (burst forth).
0587955|Volcker, Paul Adolph (1927- ), served as chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (FRS) from 1979 to 1987.
0587960|Vole is a mouselike animal.
0587980|Volga River is the longest river in Europe.
0588000|Volgograd, (pop. 969,000), is an important manufacturing city in Russia.
0588010|Volkswagen, a German automobile manufacturer, is one of the world's leading producers of passenger cars.
0588020|Volleyball is a game in which the players hit a ball back and forth across a net with their hands or arms.
0588120|Volstead Act, provided for the enforcing of national prohibition of the use of intoxicating liquors.
0588160|Volt is a unit of electric measurement in the metric system.
0588180|Volta, Count (1745-1827), won fame as the inventor of the voltaic pile, an early type of electric battery.
0588220|Voltaire, (1694-1778), was the pen name of Francois Marie Arouet, a French author and philosopher.
0588260|Voltmeter is an instrument that measures the voltage (difference in potential) between two points of an electric current.
0588300|Volume of a body is the amount of space it occupies.
0588340|Volunteers of America is a Christian human service organization that provides spiritual and material services to the needy.
0588420|Vomiting is the action that expels the contents of the stomach through the mouth.
0588480|Von Braun, Wernher, (1912-1977), was one of the world's foremost rocket engineers and a leading authority on space travel.
0588500|Vonnegut, Kurt (1922- ), is an American author.
0588520|Von Neumann, John (1903-1957), was a notable mathematician.
0588530|Von Sternberg, Josef (1894-1969), was an American motion-picture director.
0588535|Von Willebrand's disease is a hereditary disease in which the skin bleeds for an abnormally long period of time when injured.
0588540|Voodoo is a term used for a variety of beliefs, traditions, and practices that are derived largely from traditional African religions and from Christianity.
0588650|Vorster, Balthazar Johannes, (1915-1983), served as prime minister of South Africa from 1966 to 1978.
0588760|Voting is a method by which groups of people make decisions.
0588800|Voting machine is a mechanical device for recording and counting votes at an election.
0588860|Vowel. When a person says "ah" for the doctor, an open sound is made with free passage of breath.
0588885|Voyageurs National Park lies in northern Minnesota at the United States-Canadian border.
0588900|V/STOL is a type of aircraft that can take off and land (1) vertically or (2) on a very short runway.
0588915|Vuillard, Edouard, (1868-1940), was a French painter.
0588920|Vulcan, in Roman mythology, was the god of fire, metalworking, and skilled craftwork in general.
0588960|Vulgate is the name of a Latin translation of the Bible, which was largely the work of Saint Jerome.
0588980|Vulture is the name of various large birds of prey.
0589000|W is the 23rd letter of our alphabet.
0589040|Wabash River is the best-known river in Indiana.
0589120|Waco, (pop. 103,590; met. area pop. 189,123), is a city in central Texas.
0589260|Wager is a bet, or anything which is risked on the outcome of an event or the answer to a question.
0589280|Wages and hours. Wages are the price paid for work.
0589300|Wagner, Honus, (1874-1955), is often considered baseball's greatest shortstop.
0589320|Wagner, Richard (1813-1883), was a great German composer who fundamentally changed European musical, literary, and theatrical life.
0589340|Wagner, Robert Ferdinand (1877-1953), was an American statesman.
0589400|Wagon. The wheel and the wagon were developed at the same time.
0589500|Wahoo is a fish that lives in warm parts of the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific oceans.
0589560|Wainwright, Jonathan Mayhew (1883-1953), was an American general whose courage made him a hero of World War II.
0589600|Waite, Morrison Remick (1816-1888), served as chief justice of the United States from 1874 until his death.
0589640|Wake is the custom of watching over a dead person before burial.
0589680|Wake Island is a United States possession in the west-central Pacific Ocean.
0589720|Waksman, Selman Abraham (1888-1973), was an American bacteriologist who made important contributions to soil microbiology and to the development of antibiotics.
0589765|Walata was a leading trading city in West Africa from the late 1000's to the 1500's.
0589768|Walcott, Derek (1930- ), a West Indian poet and playwright, won the 1992 Nobel Prize for literature.
0589770|Wald, George (1906- ), an American biochemist, determined how chemical changes in the retina enable a person to see.
0589780|Wald, Lillian D. (1867-1940), founded the first visiting nurse program in the United States that was not affiliated with a religious group.
0589820|Waldenses are members of a Christian religious group.
0589825|Waldheim, Kurt, (1918- ), is an Austrian diplomat who served as secretary-general of the United Nations (UN) from 1972 to 1982.
0589840|Wales is one of the four major political divisions that make up the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
0589870|Walesa, Lech, (1943- ), became president of Poland in 1990.
0589880|Walker, Alice (1944- ), is a black American writer.
0589890|Walker, David (1785-1830), was a black American abolitionist who wrote a famous antislavery pamphlet.
0589900|Walker, James John (1881-1946), served as Democratic mayor of New York City from 1926 to 1932.
0589940|Walker, Leroy Pope (1817-1884), served as the first Confederate secretary of war, from February to September 1861, during the American Civil War.
0589960|Walker, Mary Edwards (1832-1919), was the only woman to receive the Medal of Honor, the highest military award given by the United States government.
0590020|Walker, William (1824-1860), was an American filibuster (military adventurer).
0590060|Walkie-talkie is a handheld two-way radio that provides quick communication.
0590080|Walking, as a competitive sport, is a race between two or more people, or against time.
0590130|Walkingstick is an insect that looks like a twig.
0590240|Wall Street is a short, narrow street in New York City.
0590320|Wallace, Alfred Russel (1823-1913), was a British naturalist and explorer.
0590330|Wallace, George Corley (1919- ), an American political leader, ran unsuccessfully for President in 1968, 1972, and 1976.
0590340|Wallace, Henry Agard (1888-1965), served as Vice President of the United States from 1941 to 1945 under President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
0590380|Wallace, Lew (1827-1905), was an American author, diplomat, lawyer, and military leader.
0590400|Wallace, Sir William (1272?-1305), was a Scottish patriot who led a revolt against King Edward I of England.
0590480|Wallboard is a kind of board made of fibers of wood, cane, or other fibrous materials.
0590485|Wallenberg, Raoul (1912-^? ^), a Swedish businessman and diplomat, helped save about 100,000 Hungarian Jews from being killed by the Nazis in 1944, during World War II.
0590500|Wallenstein, Albrecht Wenzel Eusebius von, (1583-1634), a Bohemian general, played an important role in the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648).
0590550|Waller, Fats (1904-1943), was an American jazz pianist, songwriter, and entertainer.
0590600|Wallflower is a fragrant plant that bears clusters of golden or maroon flowers.
0590640|Walloons are a group of people who live in southern Belgium.
0590680|Wallpaper is decorative paper used to cover inside walls.
0590700|Walnut is the name of a type of tree valued for its nuts and wood.
0590720|Walnut Canyon National Monument is in central Arizona.
0590742|Walpole, Horace (1717-1797), was an English letter writer and author.
0590760|Walpole, Sir Hugh Seymour (1884-1941), was one of the most popular British novelists in the early 1900's.
0590770|Walpole, Sir Robert (1676-1745), the first Earl of Orford, was the most influential politician in England during the first half of the 1700's.
0590780|Walpurgis Night is the eve of May Day, when German people celebrate the feast of St. Walpurgis.
0590800|Walrus is a sea animal that lives in parts of the Arctic, North Atlantic, and North Pacific oceans.
0590810|Walt Disney Company is a leading American entertainment company.
0590840|Walter, Bruno, (1876-1962), was a leading orchestra and symphony conductor of the 1900's.
0590860|Walter, Thomas Ustick, (1804-1887), an American architect, became noted for his buildings in the Greek Revival style.
0590880|Walter Reed Army Medical Center, in Washington, D.C., provides care for active-duty and retired military personnel and their families.
0590940|Walther von der Vogelweide, (1170?-1230?), was perhaps the greatest of the medieval minnesingers (love poets).
0590960|Walton, Ernest Thomas Sinton (1903-1995), an Irish physicist, shared the 1951 Nobel Prize in physics with Sir John Cockcroft.
0590980|Walton, George (1741-1804), a Georgia signer of the Declaration of Independence, was governor and chief justice of Georgia several times.
0591000|Walton, Izaak (1593-1683), was an English author best known for his book on fishing, The Compleat Angler.
0591005|Walton, Sam (1918-1992), an American businessman, was the founder of Wal-Mart Stores.
0591020|Walton, Sir William (1902-1983), was an English composer whose works are noted for their strong sense of melody and form.
0591040|Waltz is a ballroom dance in 3/4 time characterized by its swift gliding turns.
0591060|Walvis Bay is a part of Namibia that was formerly a district of South Africa.
0591120|Wampum is an American Indian word for purple or white beads made from shells.
0591160|Wandering Jew is a legendary figure who is condemned to wander throughout the world until the Second Coming of Jesus Christ.
0591185|Wandering-jew is the common name of three species of plants in the spiderwort family.
0591200|Wang Wei (699-759) was a Chinese painter and poet known especially for his skill as a landscape artist.
0591240|War is any struggle in which two large groups try to destroy or conquer each other.
0591250|War, Department of, also called the War Department, was an executive department of the United States government from 1789 to 1947.
0591260|War aces are aviators who shoot down at least five enemy aircraft during a war.
0591340|War correspondent is one of the most dramatic news reporting jobs.
0591360|War crime is a military violation of the rules of warfare.
0591480|War of 1812. The War of 1812 was in many ways the strangest war in United States history.
0591570|War Powers Resolution is a United States law designed to balance military powers of the President and Congress.
0591640|Warbeck, Perkin (1474?-1499), became one of the most famous "pretenders" in European history.
0591660|Warble fly is a type of large, hairy fly that resembles a bumble bee.
0591680|Warbler is the popular name of a group of small migratory songbirds.
0591700|Ward is a word that once had much the same meaning as the word guard.
0591720|Ward, Aaron Montgomery (1844-1913), an American businessman, pioneered in the mail-order business in the United States.
0591760|Ward, Artemus, (1834-1867), was the pen name of Charles Farrar Browne, one of the most important American humorists of the 1800's.
0591770|Ward, Barbara (1914-1981), was a British economist and journalist.
0591790|Ward, Joseph (1838-1889), was a noted clergyman and educator, and a leader in South Dakota's drive for statehood.
0591820|Ward, Lynd Kendall (1905-1985), was an American artist.
0591910|Warhol, Andy (1930?-1987), was an American artist best known for his images of common objects or famous people.
0591940|Warm-blooded animal is an animal that almost always has about the same body temperature, regardless of the temperature of its surroundings.
0592020|Warner, Pop (1871-1954), was one of the most influential coaches in the history of American college football.
0592040|Warner, Seth (1743-1784), was an American soldier in the Revolutionary War.
0592100|Warrant is a document authorizing a person to do something.
0592240|Warren, Earl (1891-1974), served as chief justice of the United States from 1953 to 1969.
0592300|Warren, Joseph (1741-1775), was a leading Massachusetts statesman in the period before the Revolutionary War.
0592340|Warren, Mercy Otis (1728-1814), was a colonial American writer.
0592360|Warren, Robert Penn (1905-1989), was an American novelist, poet, and literary critic.
0592390|Warren Report is a summary of events related to the assassination of United States President John F. Kennedy in Dallas, Tex., on Nov. 22, 1963.
0592420|Wars of the Roses were a series of civil wars in England in the 1400's.
0592440|Warsaw, (pop. 1,653,300), is the capital and largest city of Poland.
0592480|Warsaw Pact was a treaty that held most Eastern European nations in a military command under tight Soviet control.
0592500|Warship is a naval combat ship.
0592520|Wart is a hard, rough growth on the surface of the skin.
0592540|Wart hog is an African pig with large, curved tusks protruding from its huge, flattened head.
0592620|Warwick, (pop. 85,427), is Rhode Island's second largest city and a commercial center.
0592640|Warwick, Earl of (1428-1471), was a famous English soldier and statesman.
0592680|Wasatch Range is a mountain range that extends about 160 miles (257 kilometers) between southern Idaho and central Utah.
0592720|Washakie, (1804?-1900), was a chief of the eastern Shoshone Indians in Utah and Wyoming.
0592820|Washing machine is a machine that quickly washes clothes, linens, and other items.
0592860|Washington is the only state of the United States named for one of the nation's Presidents.
0592880|Washington, D.C., is the capital of the United States.
0592920|Washington, Booker T. (1856-1915), was the most influential black leader and educator of his time in the United States.
0592940|Washington, George (1732-1799), won a lasting place in American history as the "Father of the Country.
0592950|Washington, Harold (1922-1987), won election as the first African American mayor of Chicago in 1983.
0592980|Washington, Martha Custis (1731-1802), was the wife of George Washington.
0593020|Washington, Treaty of, was signed on May 8, 1871, by the United States and Britain in Washington, D.C.
0593040|Washington, University of, is a coeducational state-supported research university in Seattle.
0593090|Washington Cathedral, also called the National Cathedral, is an Episcopal church in Washington, D.C.
0593120|Washington Conference was a meeting held in Washington, D.C., to discuss naval disarmament and certain problems involving east Asia.
0593180|Washington Monument is a great obelisk built in honor of George Washington.
0593240|Washington State University is a coeducational, state-controlled land-grant institution with a main campus in Pullman, Wash.
0593280|Washington's Birthday is celebrated as a federal holiday on the third Monday in February.
0593360|Washoe Indians, also spelled Washo, live in California and Nevada near Lake Tahoe.
0593380|Wasp is any of a large number of insects closely related to bees and ants.
0593420|Wassermann, August von, (1866-1925), was a German bacteriologist and immunologist.
0593440|Wasserstein, Wendy (1950- ), is an American dramatist whose most successful plays deal with feminist themes.
0593480|Waste disposal is the process of getting rid of the waste materials that people generate.
0593500|Wat Tyler's Rebellion, also called the Peasants' Revolt, was an uprising by English farm laborers in 1381.
0593520|Watauga Association was a group of settlers who, in 1772, formed the first white community independent of colonial government in what is now the United States.
0593580|Watch is a small, portable clock.
0593660|Water is the most common substance on earth.
0593740|Water beetle is the name given to many separate families of beetles that live in the water.
0593820|Water buffalo. Several kinds of wild oxen may be called water buffaloes.
0593840|Water bug is the common name for insects that spend most of their lives in the water.
0593860|Water chestnut is the common name for two very different kinds of aquatic plants.
0593880|Water clock, also called clepsydra, was an instrument that recorded time by measuring water escaping from a vessel.
0594000|Water flea is the common name of a group of tiny animals that live primarily in freshwater ponds and lakes.
0594060|Water glass, also known as soluble glass, is a jellylike compound of sodium, silicon, and oxygen.
0594100|Water hyacinth is a plant that grows chiefly in the tropical regions of the world.
0594140|Water lily, also called pond lily, is the popular name for various beautiful water plants that grow in both temperate and hot climates.
0594160|Water meter is a device that measures the volume of water that flows through a pipe or a large channel.
0594180|Water moccasin is a poisonous snake that lives in the southeastern United States.
0594320|Water plant, also called aquatic plant or hydrophyte, is a name used for any plant that is specially adapted to live in water.
0594330|Water pollution is one of our most serious environmental problems.
0594340|Water polo is a sport in which two teams in a pool try to score by throwing or pushing a hollow rubber ball into the opponent's goal.
0594360|Water power is a valuable source of energy.
0594420|Water-skiing is a popular sport in which a person wearing special skis is pulled over the water by a speeding motorboat.
0594440|Water softening is a method of removing from water the minerals that make it hard.
0594620|Water wheel changes the energy of falling water into mechanical energy that can be used for running machinery.
0594700|Waterbury (pop. 108,961; met. area 221,629) is one of the largest cities in Connecticut.
0594740|Waterfall is any sudden descent of a stream from a higher to a lower level.
0594750|Waterford (pop 39,516) is a city in southeastern Ireland.
0594770|Watergate was the name of the biggest political scandal in United States history.
0594800|Waterloo, Battle of, fought on June 18, 1815, was the final battle of the French military genius, Napoleon Bonaparte.
0594860|Watermark is an identifying mark pressed into paper as it is formed by a papermaking machine.
0594880|Watermelon is a large, sweet fruit.
0594920|Waterproofing is a way of treating cloth, leather, wood, or other materials so that they will shed water.
0594940|Waters, Ethel (1900-1977), was a popular black American singer and actress.
0594980|Waterspout is a tornado that occurs over a lake or ocean.
0595000|Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park is on the United States-Canadian boundary line between Montana and Alberta.
0595120|Watie, Stand (1806-1871), became the only Indian brigadier general in the Confederate Army.
0595200|Watson, Homer (1855-1936), was a Canadian landscape painter.
0595220|Watson, James Dewey (1928- ), is an American biologist.
0595260|Watson, John Broadus (1878-1958), was an American psychologist.
0595300|Watson, Thomas Edward (1856-1922), was one of the most important Southern leaders of the Populist Party in the United States.
0595320|Watson, Thomas John (1874-1956), was an American industrialist.
0595340|Watson-Watt, Sir Robert Alexander (1892-1973), a Scottish electronics engineer and inventor, helped develop radar.
0595360|Watt is a unit of power in the metric system.
0595380|Watt, James (1736-1819), was a Scottish engineer whose improved engine design first made steam power practicable.
0595420|Watteau, Antoine, (1684-1721), a French painter, developed a style and subject matter that began the rococo movement.
0595440|Watterson, Henry (1840-1921), an American newspaper editor, won the 1918 Pulitzer Prize for editorial writing.
0595480|Wattmeter is an instrument used to measure electric power.
0595520|Watts, Isaac (1674-1748), an English clergyman, wrote more than 700 hymns and psalms.
0595562|Waugh, Evelyn, (1903-1966), was an English author best known for his satirical novels about wealthy London society.
0595740|Waves are motions that carry energy, but not matter, from one place to another.
0595780|Wax is a fatty substance that is widely used as a protective coating for various surfaces.
0595800|Wax myrtle is a large, fragrant evergreen shrub or small tree found along the eastern coast of the United States.
0595840|Waxwing is a silky-feathered, grayish-brown bird that is larger than a sparrow, with a conspicuous crest or topknot.
0595920|Wayne, Anthony (1745-1796), was an American officer in the Revolutionary War (1775-1783).
0595925|Wayne, John (1907-1979), an American motion-picture actor, became famous for his he-man roles.
0596060|Weakfish is a popular saltwater food and sport fish of the drum family.
0596100|Weapon. Weapons have played an important part in the history of humanity.
0596140|Weasel is a small furry animal that has a long, slender body and short legs.
0596160|Weather is the condition of the air that surrounds the earth.
0596250|Weather Service, National, provides forecasts, watches, warnings, statements, observations, and records of the weather and certain water resources in the United States and its territories.
0596260|Weather vane is a device that turns freely on an upright rod and points in the direction from which wind comes.
0596340|Weaver, Robert Clifton (1907- ), served as secretary of the Department of Housing and Urban Development under President Lyndon B. Johnson from 1966 through 1968.
0596360|Weaverbird is a type of small bird that usually weaves a hanging nest.
0596380|Weaving is the process of making cloth by crossing two sets of threads over and under each other.
0596395|Webb, Sidney and Beatrice, were British social reformers.
0596460|Weber is a unit used to measure magnetic flux in a magnetic field.
0596480|Weber, Carl Maria von (1786-1826), was the first important composer of German romantic opera.
0596500|Weber, Max (1864-1920), was a German sociologist and economist who helped establish the foundations of modern sociology.
0596520|Weber, Max (1881-1961), was a pioneer modern painter in America.
0596525|Webern, Anton (1883-1945), was an Austrian composer best known for his works written in the 12-tone style.
0596560|Webster, Daniel (1782-1852), was the best-known American orator, and one of the ablest lawyers and statesmen of his time.
0596600|Webster, John (1580?-1625?), an English playwright, is noted for two tragedies, The White Devil (completed about 1612) and The Duchess of Malfi (completed about 1613).
0596640|Webster, Noah (1758-1843), was an American educator and journalist who won fame for compiling Webster's Dictionary.
0596660|Webster-Ashburton Treaty was an agreement between the United States and Britain.
0596720|Wedding anniversary. It is customary for married couples to celebrate their wedding anniversaries.
0596770|Wedekind, Frank (1864-1918), was a German playwright who savagely attacked the smugness, hypocrisy, and corruption he saw in middle-class morality.
0596780|Wedge is a device that has two or more sloping surfaces that taper either to a sharp edge or to a point.
0596800|Wedgwood, Josiah, (1730-1795), was the outstanding leader in the pottery industry during the greatest period of British pottery making.
0596820|Wedgwood ware is a type of pottery first made by the English potter Josiah Wedgwood about 1759.
0596840|Wednesday is the English name for the fourth day of the week.
0596860|Weed is any plant that grows where people do not want it to grow.
0596880|Weed, Thurlow (1797-1882), was an American journalist and political leader.
0596920|Week is a division of time which includes seven days.
0596960|Weems, Mason Locke (1759-1825), was an American clergyman who became famous as a writer and traveling bookseller.
0597000|Weevil is the name of many kinds of beetles with a long snout.
0597140|Weight is the gravitational force put forth on an object by the planet on which the object is located.
0597220|Weight control is the process of losing or avoiding excessive body fat.
0597270|Weightlifting involves the lifting of weights attached to a barbell.
0597280|Weights and measures are units used to express the size of things.
0597320|Weill, Kurt (1900-1950), was a German composer famous for his music for the theater.
0597360|Weimaraner is a hunting dog that originated in Weimar, Germany, in the 1800's.
0597370|Weinberger, Caspar Willard (1917- ), was a Republican government official who held two Cabinet posts.
0597400|Weisgard, Leonard (1916- ), is an American artist and illustrator of children's books.
0597420|Weismann, August, (1834-1914), a German biologist, is known chiefly for his theories of heredity and evolution.
0597460|Weizmann, Chaim, (1874-1952), served as the first president of Israel from 1949 until his death.
0597480|Welding is a method of permanently joining two pieces of metal, usually by means of heat.
0597520|Welfare generally refers to government programs that provide money, medical care, food, housing, and other necessities for needy people.
0597620|Well is a hole in the earth from which a fluid is withdrawn.
0597640|Welland Ship Canal is one of Canada's greatest engineering projects.
0597660|Weller, Thomas Huckle (1915- ), a research biologist, shared the 1954 Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine with John F. Enders and Frederick C. Robbins (see ENDERS, JOHN F. ).
0597680|Welles, Gideon (1802-1878), served as secretary of the Navy under Presidents Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson.
0597700|Welles, Orson (1915-1985), was an actor and motion-picture director.
0597740|Wellesley College is a privately controlled liberal arts college for women in Wellesley, Mass.
0597760|Wellington (pop. 324,600) is the capital and second largest city of New Zealand.
0597780|Wellington, Duke of (1769-1852), was a British soldier and statesman who was known as The Iron Duke.
0597860|Wells, H. G. (1866-1946), was a famous English novelist, historian, science writer, and author of science-fiction stories.
0597890|Wells-Barnett, Ida Bell (1862-1931), was an American journalist and reformer.
0597920|Wells, Fargo & Company was an early American express and banking organization.
0597940|Welsbach, Baron von (1858-1929), was an Austrian chemist and pioneer in artificial lighting.
0598020|Welsh springer spaniel is a breed of dog that closely resembles its relative, the English springer spaniel.
0598040|Welsh terrier is one of the oldest English breeds of dogs.
0598080|Welty, Eudora, (1909- ), is an American short-story writer and novelist known for her searching studies of small-town life in the South.
0598100|Welwitschia, also called tumboa, is a peculiar plant that grows in the sandy deserts of southwestern Africa.
0598120|Wen is a cyst (growth) in the skin.
0598260|Werewolf, according to superstition, is a person who changes into a wolf.
0598290|Wergeland, Henrik Arnold (1808-1845), was a Norwegian author and fervent nationalist.
0598295|Werner, Abraham Gottlob, (1749-1817), a German geologist, formulated a theory on the origin of the earth that was widely accepted in his time.
0598340|Weser River is an important German waterway.
0598360|Wesley, Charles (1707-1788), a clergyman of the Church of England, was a founder of Methodism and shared its leadership with his brother John.
0598370|Wesley, John (1703-1791), a clergyman of the Church of England, was a founder of Methodism.
0598400|Wesleyan Church is a religious denomination that was founded in 1968.
0598460|West, Benjamin (1738-1820), was an American painter who became famous for his large pictures of historical subjects.
0598463|West, Jerry (1938- ), became one of the greatest all-around players in the history of basketball.
0598465|West, Jessamyn (1907-1984), was an American author.
0598467|West, Mae (1892-1980), was an American actress who became famous for the humorous, bawdy sexuality of her stage and motion-picture performances.
0598470|West, Nathanael (1903?-1940), was an American novelist noted for a brilliant but bitter view of modern American life.
0598480|West, Dame Rebecca (1892-1983), was a British novelist, literary critic, and one of the greatest journalists of the 1900's.
0598500|West, The. In American history, the frontier (unsettled area) usually lay to the west of settled regions.
0598520|West Bank is a territory in the Middle East that lies between Israel and Jordan.
0598660|West Highland white terrier is the only all-white breed of Scottish terriers.
0598680|West Indies are an island chain that divides the Caribbean Sea from the rest of the Atlantic Ocean.
0598760|West Point, N.Y., a United States military reservation, has served as the site of the U.S. Military Academy since 1802.
0598800|West Virginia, in the Appalachian Highlands, has some of the most rugged land in the United States.
0598860|West Virginia University is a coeducational institution in Morgantown and Parkersburg, West Virginia.
0598900|Westcott, Edward Noyes (1846-1898), wrote the novel David Harum, published shortly after his death.
0598920|Westergaard, Harald Malcolm (1888-1950), a distinguished American civil engineer and mathematician, became noted for his applications of mathematical analysis in the solution of engineering problems.
0598960|Westermarck, Edward Alexander (1862-1939), was a Finnish anthropologist.
0598980|Western Australia is the largest state in the Commonwealth of Australia.
0599020|Western Church was a name given to the Roman Catholic Church after the Great Schism of the 800's to distinguish it from the Eastern Orthodox Church.
0599080|Western European Union (WEU) is a defense alliance that includes most of the Western European members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).
0599110|Western frontier life in America marks one of the most exciting chapters in American history.
0599340|Western Reserve was a strip of land bordering Lake Erie in what is today Ohio.
0599360|Western Sahara, formerly Spanish Sahara, is an area on the northwest coast of Africa.
0599380|Western Samoa is an independent island country in the South Pacific Ocean.
0599400|Western Union was the main provider of long-distance communications service in the United States during the second half of the 1800's.
0599410|Western Wall is a Jewish holy place located in Jerusalem.
0599430|Westerns are works of literature and motion pictures that deal with the American West.
0599460|Westinghouse, George (1846-1914), was an American inventor and manufacturer.
0599480|Westinghouse Electric Corporation is a leading technology-based corporation based in the United States.
0599560|Westminster Abbey is a great national church that stands near the Houses of Parliament in London.
0599700|Westminster School is one of the oldest public schools of England.
0599750|Westmoreland, William Childs (1914- ), an American general, commanded United States forces in the Vietnam War from 1964 to 1968.
0599800|Weston, Edward (1850-1936), an inventor and manufacturer, was noted for pioneering in the development of instruments used to measure voltage and current.
0599810|Weston, Edward (1886-1958), was an American photographer.
0599870|Westward movement in America carried settlers across America, from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean.
0599900|Wetland is an area of land where the water level remains near or above the surface of the ground for most of the year.
0599950|Weyerhaeuser, Frederick (1834-1914), was the leading American lumber executive of his time.
0599990|Weymouth, Mass. (pop. 54,063), is on an inlet of Massachusetts Bay, about 12 miles (19 kilometers) southeast of Boston.
0600000|Whale is a huge sea animal that looks much like a fish.
0600010|Whale shark is the largest living fish.
0600060|Wharton, Edith (1862-1937), was an American author.
0600120|Wheat is the world's most important food crop.
0600170|Wheatley, Phillis (1753?-1784), was the first important black American poet.
0600220|Wheatstone, Sir Charles (1802-1875), was a British physicist and inventor.
0600240|Wheatstone bridge is a type of electric circuit used to determine an unknown resistance (see ELECTRIC CIRCUIT [Circuit mathematics]).
0600280|Wheel and axle is a mechanical device used in lifting loads.
0600320|Wheelbarrow is a device for moving loads.
0600340|Wheeler, Burton Kendall (1882-1975), a Montana Democrat, served in the United States Senate from 1923 until 1947.
0600350|Wheeler, Earle Gilmore (1908-1975), a general in the United States Army, was chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff from 1964 to 1970.
0600360|Wheeler, Joseph (1836-1906), was an American soldier who served in campaigns against the Indians before he joined the Confederate Army in 1861.
0600400|Wheeler, William Almon (1819-1887), served as Vice President of the United States from 1877 to 1881 under President Rutherford B. Hayes.
0600480|Wheeling (pop. 34,882; met. area pop. 159,301) is an industrial city on the Ohio River in northern West Virginia.
0600540|Wheelwright, William (1798-1873), an American businessman, did much to develop transportation and communication in South America.
0600560|Whelk is a large sea snail with a sturdy spiral shell.
0600580|Whetstone is any abrasive stone, natural or artificial, that is used for grinding and sharpening.
0600640|Whig Party was a name applied to political parties in England, Scotland, and America.
0600670|Whiplash is a term commonly used to describe a type of injury to the neck.
0600680|Whippet is a medium-sized hound with great speed.
0600700|Whipping post is a post to which persons are tied when being whipped as a form of punishment.
0600760|Whipple, William (1730-1785), was a New Hampshire signer of the Declaration of Independence.
0600800|Whippoorwill is a North American bird named for its odd, whistling call, which sounds like "whip-poor-will, whip-poor-will.
0600840|Whirlpool is a mass of water which spins around and around rapidly and with great force.
0600860|Whirlwind is a whirling mass of air.
0600880|Whiskey is an alcoholic beverage made from such grains as barley, corn, rye, and wheat.
0600920|Whiskey Rebellion of 1794 was brought about by a United States tax in 1791 on whiskey makers.
0600940|Whiskey Ring was a group of whiskey distillers and United States government officials who cheated the government out of millions of dollars in federal liquor taxes during the 1870's.
0601000|Whistle is a device that makes a sound when air or steam is forced through it.
0601020|Whistler, James Abbott McNeill (1834-1903), was a famous American artist.
0601080|White, Alfred Holmes (1873-1953), pioneered in the development of engineering as a profession in the United States.
0601090|White, Bill (1934- ), served as president of the National Baseball League from 1989 to 1994.
0601100|White, Byron Raymond (1917- ), was an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1962 to 1993.
0601120|White, E. B. (1899-1985), was an American author.
0601140|White, Edward Douglass (1845-1921), served as chief justice of the United States from 1910 to 1921.
0601160|White, Edward Higgins, II (1930-1967), in 1965 became the first United States astronaut to leave his craft while in outer space.
0601180|White, Hugh Lawson (1773-1840), an American statesman and jurist, was a Whig Party candidate for President of the United States in 1836.
0601230|White, Patrick (1912-1990), an Australian novelist, won the 1973 Nobel Prize for literature.
0601240|White, Paul Dudley (1886-1973), an American physician, was regarded as one of the world's great authorities on heart diseases.
0601260|White, Peregrine (1620-1703), was the first English child born in New England, on the Mayflower in Cape Cod Bay.
0601280|White, Stanford (1853-1906), was a leading American architect.
0601340|White, Walter Francis (1893-1955), was an American civil rights leader.
0601350|White, William Allen (1868-1944), was a Kansas newspaper editor whose influence was felt throughout the United States.
0601410|White-eye is the name of a group of small, active songbirds found mainly in Africa, southern Asia, Australia, and New Zealand.
0601480|White House is the official residence of the President of the United States.
0601500|White House conference is a national meeting that the President of the United States calls to discuss issues facing the American people.
0601520|White House hostesses include the women who receive and entertain the President's guests at the White House, in place of the President's wife.
0601640|White Mountains are part of the Appalachian Mountain system.
0601680|White paper is a British government report or policy statement on an important subject.
0601800|White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico, is the main missile testing site of the United States Army.
0601820|White Sands National Monument is in southern New Mexico.
0601840|White Sea is an arm of the Arctic Ocean.
0601855|White shark, also called great white shark, is the most dangerous shark to humans beings.
0601860|White Sulphur Springs, W. Va. (pop. 2,779), is a famous health resort, named for its mineral springs.
0601980|Whitefield, George (1714-1770), was an Anglican preacher and evangelist.
0602000|Whitefish is the name of a group of fishes that live in fresh water.
0602010|Whitefly is the name of about 1,200 species of tiny insects that damage plants.
0602020|Whitehead, Alfred North (1861-1947), was an English mathematician and philosopher.
0602080|Whitehorse (pop. 17,925) is the capital and chief distribution and communication center of the Yukon Territory.
0602140|Whitewash is a white mixture made from whiting, glue, water, common salt, flour, and unslaked lime.
0602260|Whitman, Marcus (1802-1847), was an American pioneer, doctor, and missionary among Indians in what is now the Pacific Northwest of the United States.
0602280|Whitman, Narcissa (1808-1847), was a missionary teacher to the Indians of the Pacific Northwest.
0602300|Whitman, Walt (1819-1892), was an American poet who wrote Leaves of Grass.
0602340|Whitman Mission National Historic Site is in southeastern Washington.
0602360|Whitney, Eli (1765-1825), an American inventor, is best known for his cotton gin.
0602390|Whitney Museum of American Art in New York City presents American art of all periods, with emphasis on the work of living artists.
0602440|Whittier, John Greenleaf (1807-1892), was an American poet.
0602590|Who, The, became one of the most popular British groups in rock history.
0602640|Whooping cough, also called pertussis, is a serious, highly contagious disease of the respiratory system.
0602660|Whooping crane is one of the rarest birds of North America.
0602720|Wichita, (pop. 304,011; met. area pop. 485,270), is the largest city in Kansas.
0602760|Wichita Falls, Tex. (pop. 96,259; met. area pop. 130,351), is a center for services and trade in north-central Texas and southwestern Oklahoma and a headquarters for the oil and gas industry.
0602775|Wicker is a small, flexible branch or twig, usually of willow, that can be woven to make baskets, furniture, and other objects.
0603000|Wiener, Norbert (1894-1964), was an American mathematician who did fundamental work in the analysis of numerical information.
0603040|Wiesbaden, (pop. 266,623), is a German resort city 6 miles (10 kilometers) northeast of Mainz.
0603065|Wiesel, Elie, (1928- ), an American author, became a leading spokesman for people who survived Nazi concentration camps during World War II (1939-1945).
0603070|Wiesenthal, Simon (1908- ), is an Austrian Jew who helped bring more than 1,100 Nazi war criminals to justice.
0603100|Wig is a false covering of hair for the head.
0603110|Wigeon is the name of three species of medium-sized ducks that breed in temperate regions of Europe, North America, and South America.
0603120|Wiggin, Kate Douglas (1856-1923), was an American writer of books for children.
0603130|Wigglesworth, Michael (1631-1705), was a Puritan pastor, doctor, and poet of colonial New England.
0603140|Wight, Isle of, lies off the southern coast of England.
0603200|Wigner, Eugene Paul (1902-1995), was an American theoretical physicist.
0603240|Wigwam is the name for a kind of dwelling used by the Algonquian-speaking Indians of the Eastern Woodlands.
0603260|Wilberforce, Samuel (1805-1873), was an important figure in the Anglican Church in England.
0603261|Wilberforce, William (1759-1833), was a leader in the fight to abolish the slave trade and slavery in the British Empire.
0603280|Wilberforce University is a private coeducational liberal arts university in Wilberforce, Ohio.
0603300|Wilbur, Richard (1921- ), is an American poet.
0603460|Wild carrot, also called Queen Anne's lace, is a member of the carrot family that grows wild.
0603600|Wild rice, also called Indian rice, is an aquatic grass that produces a cereal grain.
0603680|Wildcat is a name generally given to small, wild members of the cat family.
0603700|Wildcat bank was the name for unstable banking institutions that issued paper money called wildcat currency.
0603720|Wilde, Oscar (1854-1900), was an author, playwright, and wit.
0603750|Wilder, Billy (1906- ), is a leading motion-picture director, producer, and writer.
0603755|Wilder, L. Douglas (1931- ), the first elected black governor in the United States, was the chief executive of Virginia from 1990 to 1994.
0603760|Wilder, Laura Ingalls, (1867-1957), was an American author of books for children.
0603780|Wilder, Thornton Niven (1897-1975), was an American playwright and novelist.
0603820|Wilderness Road was an important pioneer road.
0603840|Wildlife conservation is the wise management of natural environments for the protection and benefit of plants and animals.
0603960|Wilhelm, or in English, William, was the name of two German emperors.
0603980|Wilhelmina, (1880-1962), became queen of the Netherlands in 1890 when her father, William III, died.
0604000|Wilkes, Charles (1798-1877), was an American explorer and naval officer.
0604020|Wilkes-Barre, (pop. 47,523), is a manufacturing and service center in northeastern Pennsylvania.
0604060|Wilkins, Sir Hubert (1888-1958), was an Australian explorer, scientist, aviator, and photographer.
0604100|Wilkins, Maurice Hugh Frederick (1916- ), is a British biophysicist.
0604110|Wilkins, Roy (1901-1981), was a noted black American leader and was often called "Mr. Civil Rights.
0604140|Will, in law, is a document that disposes of a person's property after the person's death.
0604180|Will-o'-the-wisp is a ghostly, bluish light sometimes seen over marshes and graveyards.
0604220|Willamette River, rises in the Cascade Mountains and Coast Range of west-central Oregon.
0604280|Willard, Emma Hart (1787-1870), was the first American woman publicly to support higher education for women.
0604300|Willard, Frances Elizabeth Caroline (1839-1898), was an American educator and social reformer.
0604340|Willemstad, (pop. 50,000), is the capital of the Netherlands Antilles.
0604360|Willet is a large shore bird of North and South America.
0604420|William I (1772-1843) was the first king of the present-day kingdom of the Netherlands.
0604440|William I, Prince of Orange (1533-1584), was the father of the Dutch Republic.
0604445|William I, the Conqueror (1027?-1087), was the first Norman king of England.
0604450|William II (1057?-1100) became king of England in 1087.
0604455|William III (1650-1702), also known as William of Orange, became King of England, Scotland, and Ireland in 1689.
0604457|William IV (1765-1837) was king of Britain from 1830 to 1837.
0604460|William and Mary, College of, is a coeducational, state-supported university in Williamsburg, Va.
0604510|William of Ockham, (1284?-1347?), also spelled Occam, was an English philosopher and theologian.
0604620|Williams, Daniel Hale (1856-1931), an American doctor, pioneered in surgery on the human heart.
0604640|Williams, Emlyn (1905-1987), was a Welsh actor and playwright.
0604720|Williams, Hank (1923-1953), was a country and western singer and composer.
0604800|Williams, Roger (1603?-1683), was a clergyman, a founder of the colony of Rhode Island, and a strong supporter of religious and political liberty.
0604820|Williams, Ted (1918- ), was one of the greatest hitters in baseball history.
0604840|Williams, Tennessee (1911-1983), was an American playwright whose dramas portray the loneliness and isolation of life.
0604860|Williams, William (1731-1811), was a Connecticut signer of the Declaration of Independence.
0604880|Williams, William Carlos (1883-1963), was an important American poet.
0604920|Williamsburg, Va. (pop. 11,530), is a historic city that lies on a peninsula between the James and York rivers.
0604940|Williamson, Hugh (1735-1819), a scientist, writer, doctor, and politician, was a North Carolina signer of the Constitution of the United States.
0605020|Willingdon, Marquess of, (1866-1941), a British colonial official, served as governor general of Canada from 1926 to 1931.
0605040|Willkie, Wendell Lewis (1892-1944), was the Republican candidate for President of the United States in 1940 when Franklin D. Roosevelt ran for a third term.
0605080|Willow is a large group of graceful trees and shrubs that usually have slender branches and narrow leaves.
0605120|Wills, Helen Newington (1906- ), was a great tennis champion.
0605160|Willys, John North (1873-1935), was an American automobile manufacturer.
0605180|Wilmington, Delaware (pop. 71,529; met. area pop. 513,293), is the largest city and the chief manufacturing center of the state.
0605280|Wilmot Proviso, was an amendment proposed in 1846 that would have banned slavery in any territory acquired by the United States from Mexico.
0605360|Wilson, Sir Angus (1913-1991), was a British author of novels and satirical short stories.
0605370|Wilson, August (1945- ), is a leading black American playwright.
0605400|Wilson, Edmund (1895-1972), an American author, wrote about a wide variety of subjects.
0605410|Wilson, Ethel (1890-1980), was a Canadian author.
0605420|Wilson, Harold (1916-1995), served as prime minister of Britain from 1964 to 1970 and from 1974 to 1976.
0605440|Wilson, Henry (1812-1875), served as Vice President of the United States from 1873 to 1875 under President Ulysses S. Grant.
0605460|Wilson, James (1742-1798), a prominent Pennsylvania lawyer, was one of six people who signed both the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution of the United States.
0605465|Wilson, Lanford (1937- ), is a notable American playwright.
0605490|Wilson, Pete (1933- ), gained national attention in the United States during the 1990's as governor of California.
0605540|Wilson, Woodrow (1856-1924), led the United States through World War I and gained lasting fame as a champion of world peace and democracy.
0605560|Wilson cloud chamber was a device that made the paths of electrically charged subatomic particles visible.
0605620|Wilt occurs when the stems and leaves of a plant droop because they are not receiving enough water.
0605740|Winchell, Walter (1897-1972), an American newspaperman and commentator, became important for making the gossip column a regular newspaper feature.
0605780|Winchester was the chief town of England in Anglo-Saxon times.
0605800|Winchester College at Winchester, England, is one of the oldest and most prominent public schools in the country.
0605810|Winckelmann, Johann Joachim, (1717-1768), was a German scholar who has been called the father of both archaeology and art history.
0605820|Wind is air moving across the earth's surface.
0605840|Wind Cave National Park is a park in the rolling hills of southwestern South Dakota which surrounds one of the most unusual caves in the United States.
0605850|Wind chill is an estimate of the relationship between wind speed and temperature, with respect to the physical effects of the wind on living things.
0605920|Wind shear is a sudden change of wind speed or direction over a short distance.
0605940|Wind tunnel is a ground-based testing facility used to study the effects of wind, or airflow, on aircraft and other vehicles and structures.
0605980|Windermere is the largest lake in England.
0606020|Windhoek, (pop. 104,100), is the capital and largest city of Namibia.
0606060|Windlass is a simple machine used to lift weights and pull loads.
0606080|Windmill is a machine that is operated by wind power.
0606120|Window is an opening in a wall or door to admit light and air into a closed space.
0606200|Windsor is the name of the present royal family of Britain.
0606220|Windsor, Ont. (pop. 191,435; met. area pop. 262,075), is the southernmost city of Canada.
0606280|Windsor Castle is the principal residence outside of London of the rulers of Britain.
0606290|Windsurfing is a common term for two similar water sports--sailsurfing and sailboarding.
0606300|Windward Islands are a group of islands that lie in the southeastern West Indies.
0606340|Wine is an alcoholic beverage most often made from the juice of grapes.
0606350|Winfrey, Oprah (1954- ), is an American host and producer of one of the highest-rated television talk shows.
0606420|Wingate's Raiders were a group of Allied soldiers who fought behind Japanese lines in Burma during World War II.
0606440|Winged bull is a fabulous beast that originated in Assyria.
0606460|Winged lion is an imaginary creature in ancient cultures, especially in Babylonia and Assyria.
0606480|Winged Victory is a statue of Nike, the goddess of victory in Greek mythology.
0606520|Winkelried, Arnold von, is the legendary national hero of Switzerland.
0606560|Winnebago Indians were an eastern woodland tribe.
0606570|Winnemucca, Sarah (1844?-1891), was an American Indian who won fame for her criticism of the government's mistreatment of her people.
0606580|Winnetka Plan is a teaching plan designed to provide individualized instruction.
0606600|Winnipeg is the capital of Manitoba, and one of Canada's largest cities.
0606640|Winnipeg River is part of the Saskatchewan-Nelson river system that empties into Hudson Bay.
0606740|Winslow, Edward (1595-1655), was a founder of Plymouth Colony.
0606840|Winston-Salem, N.C. (pop. 143,485), has one of the largest tobacco-manufacturing plants in the world and one of the largest leaf-tobacco markets.
0606880|Winter is the coldest season of the year.
0606980|Winterberry, sometimes called black alder, is a shrub related to the American holly.
0607020|Wintergreen is a hardy woodland plant that bears white flowers.
0607061|Winthrop, John (1588-1649), an American colonial leader, was a Puritan governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
0607062|Winthrop, John, Jr. (1606-1676), was a colonial governor of Connecticut.
0607070|Wintun Indians, also spelled Wintuan, are a group of three tribes from the Sacramento Valley of north-central California.
0607120|Wire is a long, thin, flexible metal rod that has a uniform cross section.
0607130|Wire fox terrier is a popular breed of small, sturdy dogs.
0607195|Wirehaired pointing griffon is a hunting dog that originated in France and the Netherlands in the late 1800's.
0607240|Wiretapping usually means the interception of telephone conversations by a listening device connected to the telephone wire or placed nearby.
0607260|Wireworm is the name given to the hard-skinned larvae (young) of click beetles.
0607320|Wisconsin is a Midwestern state of the United States that has long been famous for its dairy products.
0607340|Wisconsin, University of, is a coeducational state-supported educational system.
0607380|Wisconsin River is a beautiful stream that rises in Lac Vieux Desert on the Michigan-Wisconsin boundary.
0607440|Wise, Isaac Mayer (1819-1900), a prominent American rabbi, is generally considered the pioneer of Reform Judaism in America.
0607450|Wise, John (1652-1725), was a Congregational minister of colonial Massachusetts.
0607460|Wise, Stephen Samuel (1874-1949), was one of the best-known American Jewish leaders.
0607560|Wisteria is the name of a group of thick-growing vines that bear large clusters of flowers.
0607620|Witch hazel is a shrub or small tree used to make a soothing lotion.
0607660|Witchcraft is commonly defined as the use of supposed magical powers to influence people and events.
0607700|Witenagemot, means a meeting of the witan (or wise men) of Anglo-Saxon England.
0607740|Witherspoon, John (1723-1794), was a leader in American political, religious, and educational life.
0607780|Witness is a person who gives testimony in a judicial, legislative, or administrative proceeding.
0607800|Wittgenstein, Ludwig, (1889-1951), was one of the most important philosophers of the 1900's.
0607880|Wodehouse, P. G. (1881-1975), was an English writer famous for his humorous novels and short stories.
0607940|Wohler, Friedrich, (1800-1882), a German chemist, in 1828 became the first person to make an organic substance (in this case urea) from inorganic chemicals.
0607962|Wolcott, Oliver (1726-1797), an American statesman, was a Connecticut signer of the Declaration of Independence.
0607980|Wolf is one of the largest members of the dog family.
0608080|Wolfe, James (1727-1759), was the British general whose success in the Battle of Quebec in 1759 won Canada for the British Empire.
0608100|Wolfe, Thomas Clayton (1900-1938), was an American author who won fame for his autobiographical novels.
0608105|Wolfe, Tom (1931- ), is an American journalist, essayist, novelist, and social commentator.
0608110|Wolffish is the name of five species of aggressive ocean fish.
0608120|Wolfhound is the name of a family of dogs made up of three breeds--the Irish wolfhound, the borzoi or Russian wolfhound, and the Scottish deerhound.
0608160|Wolfram von Eschenbach, (1170?-1220?), was a German knight and poet.
0608180|Wolframite is one of the two most important ores of tungsten.
0608195|Wollongong, (pop. 337,520), is an important industrial city along the southeast coast of Australia.
0608230|Wollstonecraft, Mary (1759-1797), a British author, was best known for her book A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792).
0608260|Wolsey, Thomas Cardinal (1473?-1530), was an English statesman who served as the principal adviser to King Henry VIII from 1514 to 1529.
0608280|Wolverine is a fur-bearing animal that lives in the northern woods and tundras (cold, treeless plains) of Europe, Asia, and North America.
0608340|Woman suffrage is the right of women to vote.
0608360|Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) is a nonprofit organization that works to lessen social problems.
0608400|Woman's Relief Corps, National, is the oldest woman's patriotic organization in the United States.
0608420|Wombat is a stocky, burrowing mammal of Australia.
0608460|Women's American ORT is an affiliate organization of the Organization for Rehabilitation through Training (ORT).
0608500|Women's Bureau is an agency of the United States Department of Labor.
0608520|Women's Clubs, General Federation of, is a women's volunteer service organization that trains women to be effective community leaders.
0608550|Women's International Bowling Congress (WIBC) regulates women's organized bowling competition.
0608570|Women's movements are group efforts, chiefly by women, that seek to improve women's lives or the lives of others.
0608630|Wonder, Stevie (1950- ), is an American composer, singer, and musician.
0608700|Wood is a tough substance under the bark of trees, shrubs, and certain other plants.
0608740|Wood, Grant (1891-1942), was an American painter and printmaker known for his images of the rural Midwest.
0608780|Wood, Leonard (1860-1927), was a United States soldier and colonial administrator.
0608960|Wood duck is a colorful water bird that lives in forests of southern Canada and throughout wooded areas of the United States.
0609000|Wood louse, also called sow bug, is a small invertebrate (animal without a backbone) that lives on land.
0609230|Woodcarving is the act of creating figures or designs in wood by cutting or chiseling.
0609260|Woodchuck, also called ground hog, is a small animal that belongs to the squirrel family.
0609280|Woodcock is the name of several species of birds that live in moist woods and sheltered marshes in many parts of the world.
0609290|Woodcock, Leonard (1911- ), was an American labor leader and diplomat.
0609320|Woodcut is a print or design made from a block of wood.
0609340|Wooden, John (1910- ), was one of the greatest coaches in college basketball history.
0609410|Woodhull, Victoria Claflin (1838-1927), was the first woman to run for President of the United States.
0609460|Woodpecker is a bird that uses its long, chisellike bill for drilling into trees.
0609465|Woodrat, also called pack rat or trade rat, is a native of North and Central America.
0609470|Woods, Granville T. (1856-1910), was a black American inventor who obtained more than 50 patents.
0609500|Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution is a private, nonprofit research center for marine science on Cape Cod, at Woods Hole, Mass.
0609550|Woodson, Carter Goodwin (1875-1950), is widely regarded as the leading writer on black history of his time.
0609555|Woodstock festival was the most famous outdoor rock music concert of the 1960's.
0609560|Woodsworth, James Shaver (1874-1942), was a Methodist minister and one of Canada's leading social reformers of the 1900's.
0609580|Woodward, Robert Burns (1917-1979), an American chemist, won the 1965 Nobel Prize in chemistry for his work in synthetic organic chemistry.
0609600|Woodworking is the forming and shaping of wood to make useful and decorative objects.
0609680|Wool is a fiber that comes from the fleece of sheep and some other animals.
0609740|Woolf, Virginia (1882-1941), was a major British novelist, critic, and essayist.
0609760|Woolley, Sir Leonard (1880-1960), was a British archaeologist.
0609780|Woolley, Mary Emma (1863-1947), was an outstanding American educator.
0609790|Woolly monkey is a type of large monkey that lives in the Amazon River Basin of South America.
0609795|Woollybear is a common name for the caterpillar stage of several species of tiger moths.
0609800|Woolman, John (1720-1772), was a colonial American writer and Quaker minister.
0609810|Woolrich, Cornell (1903-1968), was an American author of suspense fiction.
0609820|Woolworth is the family name of two American businessmen who were brothers.
0609920|Worcester, (pop. 169,759; met. area pop. 478,384), is a leading New England industrial center and the second largest city of Massachusetts.
0609930|Word processing is the use of computers to type, edit, and print letters, reports, articles, and other documents.
0609955|Worden, Alfred Merrill (1932- ), a United States astronaut, was the command module pilot on the Apollo 15 mission.
0609980|Wordsworth, William (1770-1850), is considered by many scholars to be the most important English romantic poet.
0610000|Work, in physics, is a result of a force moving an object through a distance against a resistance.
0610030|Workers' compensation is an insurance program that provides pay and medical help for workers who are injured on the job or become ill because of work conditions.
0610140|Works Progress Administration, also called the WPA, was a United States government agency created in 1935 to provide paying jobs for unemployed workers.
0610160|World is the planet earth viewed especially as the home of human beings and other living things.
0610170|World, History of the. People have probably lived on the earth about 2 million years.
0610200|World Bank is an international organization that provides loans to countries for development projects.
0610240|World Council of Churches is a worldwide organization of about 300 Protestant, Anglican, Old Catholic, and Orthodox churches.
0610320|World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations.
0610340|World Intellectual Property Organization is an international agency that works to protect legal rights in artistic and literary works, inventions, trademarks, and other original creations.
0610350|World Jewish Congress is an international association of Jewish organizations from more than 70 countries.
0610380|World Medical Association is an organization of national medical associations from about 45 countries.
0610400|World Meteorological Organization (WMO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations.
0610435|World Trade Organization is an international organization that promotes trade in goods and services between nations.
0610440|World War I (1914-1918) involved more countries and caused greater destruction than any other war except World War II (1939-1945).
0610460|World War II (1939-1945) killed more people, destroyed more property, disrupted more lives, and probably had more far-reaching consequences than any other war in history.
0610500|World's fair is an international exposition that features exhibits dealing with commerce, industry, and science.
0610520|Worm is any of several kinds of animals that have a soft, slender body and no backbone or legs.
0610560|Worms, (pop. 71,827), is a historic town and river port in southern Germany.
0610580|Worms, Edict of, was a decree that declared Reformation leader Martin Luther a heretic and cast him and his followers outside the protection of the law.
0610620|Wormwood is a large group of plants that give off pleasant odors.
0610660|Worsted is a smooth, shiny, strong wool yarn.
0610760|Wouk, Herman (1915- ), is a popular American novelist and playwright.
0610790|Wounded Knee, now a village on the Pine Ridge Sioux Indian Reservation of South Dakota, was the site of two famous events in American Indian history.
0610820|Wovoka, (1856?-1932), a Paiute Indian religious leader, founded the Ghost Dance religion of 1890 among the Plains Indians.
0610890|Wrangell-St. Elias National Park is the largest national park in the United States.
0610895|Wrasse is the name of a family of over 500 species of ocean fish.
0610920|Wren is the name of a group of small, energetic birds found in most parts of the world.
0610940|Wren, Sir Christopher (1632-1723), was an English architect, scientist, and mathematician.
0611000|Wrestling is a sport in which two opponents try to pin (hold) each other's shoulders to a mat on the floor.
0611010|Wright, Frances (1795-1852), was a lecturer and journalist who worked to promote human rights in the United States.
0611020|Wright, Frank Lloyd (1867-1959), was one of America's most influential and imaginative architects.
0611040|Wright, James Claude, Jr. (1922- ), a Texas Democrat, served as Speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 1987 to 1989.
0611080|Wright, Richard (1908-1960), is often considered the most important African American writer of his time.
0611160|Wright brothers--Wilbur (1867-1912) and Orville (1871-1948)--invented and built the first successful airplane.
0611195|Wrist is the joint that connects the hand and the forearm.
0611200|Writ is generally used in its legal meaning to describe the written orders of a court of law.
0611220|Writ of assistance was a general search warrant that permitted customs officers to enter premises in the daytime, using force if necessary, to search for goods imported illegally.
0611240|Writing, as a career, offers a range of personal rewards.
0611260|Writing is a system of human communication by means of visual symbols or signs.
0611300|Wroclaw, (pop. 643,600), is a city in Poland that serves as a rail center and river port.
0611360|Wryneck, also called snakebird, is the name of two species of small birds.
0611370|Wu, Chien-shiung, (1912?- ), an American experimental physicist, helped disprove the law of the conservation of parity (see PARITY [In physics]).
0611375|Wu Daozi, (A.D. 700's), was a famous Chinese painter.
0611420|Wuhan, (pop. 3,340,000), is the collective name for the adjacent cities of Hankou, Hanyang, and Wuchang in Hubei Province of China.
0611460|Wundt, Wilhelm, (1832-1920), a German philosopher, became known as the father of modern psychology.
0611480|Wupatki National Monument is in northern Arizona.
0611510|Wyatt, Sir Thomas (1503?-1542), was an English poet.
0611540|Wycherley, William (1640?-1716), an English playwright, ranks with Sir George Etherege and William Congreve as a leading author of witty satires called comedies of manners during the Restoration period of English literature.
0611560|Wycliffe, John (1328?-1384), was a leading English philosopher in religion and politics during the late Middle Ages.
0611580|Wyeth, Andrew (1917- ), probably ranks as the most popular American painter of his time.
0611630|Wyler, William (1902-1981), was a motion-picture director whose films have a high artistic quality and wide popular appeal.
0611640|Wylie, Elinor (1885-1928), was an American poet.
0611700|Wyoming is a state of the United States that is famous for the beauty of its mountains.
0611720|Wyoming, University of, is a state-supported coeducational school in Laramie, Wyo.
0611740|Wyoming Valley is a section of northeastern Pennsylvania 3 to 4 miles (5 to 6 kilometers) wide and about 20 miles (32 kilometers) long.
0611760|Wyoming Valley Massacre, one of many tragedies of the American Revolutionary War, occurred in what is now Luzerne County, Pennsylvania.
0611780|Wyss family, wrote The Swiss Family Robinson, a popular children's adventure story about a shipwrecked family.
0611790|Wyszynski, Stefan Cardinal (1901-1981), was the head of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland from 1948 until his death.
0611800|Wythe, George (1726-1806), an American statesman, was a signer of the Declaration of Independence.
0611820|X is the 24th letter of our alphabet.
0611840|X rays are one of the most useful forms of energy.
0611900|Xavier, Saint Francis (1506-1552), was a Jesuit missionary.
0611960|Xenon is a chemical element that makes up about 1 part in 20 million of the earth's atmosphere.
0611980|Xenophon, (430?-355? B.C.), was a Greek soldier, historian, and writer.
0612030|Xerox Corporation is one of the world's largest industrial organizations.
0612041|Xerxes I, (519?-465 B.C.), ruled the Persian Empire from 486 B.C. until his death.
0612050|Xhosa are a black people whose ancestors moved into southern Africa by the 1500's.
0612053|Xi Jiang, or West River, is a major transportation route in southern China.
0612055|Xiamen, (pop. 510,656), is a seaport on the coast of Fujian Province in southeast China.
0612056|Xi'an, (pop. 2,280,000), also spelled Xian or Sian, is the capital and largest city of the Shaanxi Province in China.
0612058|Xinjiang, also spelled Sinkiang, is a region in western China.
0612090|Xunzi, (340?-245? B.C.), also spelled Hsun Tzu, was an influential Chinese philosopher best known for his belief that human nature is basically evil.
0612120|Xylophone is a percussion instrument that consists chiefly of a number of bars arranged on a frame like the keys of a piano.
0612140|XYZ Affair was the name given to a controversial exchange of diplomatic proposals between France and the United States in 1797.
0612160|Y is the 25th letter of our alphabet.
0612165|Y-Indian Guides is a national program of father-and-son clubs sponsored by the Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA).
0612170|Y-Indian Maidens is a program of clubs in the United States for girls 6 to 8 years old and their mothers.
0612175|Y-Indian Princesses is a program of clubs in the United States for girls 6 to 8 years old and their fathers.
0612180|Y-Teens is a program for members of the Young Women's Christian Association who are of junior high or high school age.
0612200|Yablonovyy Mountains lie in southeastern Siberia, in Russia.
0612220|Yacht is a vessel, usually a small one, that is used only for pleasure.
0612320|Yak is a wild ox of Asia.
0612380|Yale, Elihu, (1649-1721), was an official of the East India Company and a benefactor of Yale University.
0612400|Yale, Linus, Jr. (1821-1868), an American inventor and manufacturer, developed key locks and combination locks whose methods of operation are used in today's locks.
0612420|Yale University is a coeducational, privately endowed, nonsectarian school in New Haven, Conn.
0612460|Yalta, (pop. 85,000), is a city in Ukraine.
0612480|Yalta Conference was one of the most important meetings of key Allied leaders during World War II (1939-1945).
0612500|Yalu River, rises from the highest peak of the Changbai Shan, or Long White Mountains, in northeastern China.
0612520|Yam is a major food crop in many tropical countries.
0612560|Yamamoto, Isoroku, (1884-1943), commanded the Japanese combined fleet at the time of the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941.
0612590|Yamato period was the time in Japanese history from about A.D. 200 to 646.
0612600|Yancey, William Lowndes, (1814-1863), an American statesman, was often called "The Orator of Secession.
0612620|Yang, Chen Ning (1922- ), a Chinese-born physicist, shared the 1957 Nobel Prize in physics with Tsung Dao Lee (see LEE, TSUNG DAO ).
0612640|Yangtze River, also called Yangtze Kiang, is the world's third longest river.
0612680|Yankee. People of other countries often call any person from the United States a Yankee.
0612700|Yankee Doodle is a song that has been popular in the United States since the 1700's.
0612740|Yanomami Indians, of South America live in rain forests and scattered grasslands along the Brazil-Venezuela border.
0612780|Yaounde, (pop. 653,670), is the capital of Cameroon.
0612800|Yap Islands is an island group in the western Pacific Ocean.
0612840|Yaqui Indians are a tribe that lives in Mexico, Arizona, and California.
0612860|Yard is a unit of length in the inch-pound system of measurement customarily used in the United States.
0612960|Yates, Elizabeth (1905- ), is an American author.
0613020|Yawning is the act of opening the mouth wide, or gaping.
0613030|Yaws, also called frambesia, is a disease that attacks chiefly children of humid tropical regions.
0613040|Yazoo Fraud was a crooked land deal in Georgia in 1795.
0613080|Yeager, Charles Elwood (1923-), was the first person to fly an aircraft faster than the speed of sound.
0613100|Year is the time the earth takes to make one complete revolution around the sun.
0613160|Yeast is a single-celled organism that bakers put into dough to make it rise.
0613180|Yeats, William Butler (1865-1939), an Irish poet and dramatist, won the 1923 Nobel Prize for literature.
0613200|Yekaterinburg, (pop. 1,372,000), is a trading and manufacturing center in the Ural Mountains of Russia.
0613300|Yellow fever is a virus disease carried by certain mosquitoes.
0613360|Yellow jacket is a type of small wasp with black-and-yellow markings.
0613405|Yellow-poplar, also called tuliptree and tulip poplar, is the tallest broadleaf tree in the eastern United States.
0613480|Yellow Sea is an arm of the Pacific Ocean that extends inland for about 400 miles (640 kilometers) between the east coast of China and Korea.
0613520|Yellowhammer is a popular name for the yellow-shafted flicker, a North American woodpecker.
0613560|Yellowknife (pop. 15,179) is the capital and largest city of Canada's Northwest Territories.
0613580|Yellowlegs is the name of two species of shore birds that have black and white markings and long yellow legs.
0613620|Yellowstone National Park, the oldest national park in the world, is famous for its many natural wonders.
0613640|Yellowstone River rises near the Continental Divide in northwestern Wyoming and flows north into Yellowstone National Park.
0613680|Yellowthroat is the name of a group of North American birds with bright orange-yellow throats.
0613682|Yeltsin, Boris Nikolayevich (1931- ), is president of Russia.
0613685|Yemen is a country in the southern part of the Arabian Peninsula.
0613720|Yen is the monetary unit of Japan.
0613760|Yenisey River, flows through Siberia, a part of Russia.
0613780|Yeoman was a retainer (dependent) of a feudal lord during the late Middle Ages in England.
0613820|Yerevan, (pop. 1,114,000), is the capital and largest city of Armenia.
0613840|Yerkes, Robert Mearns, (1876-1956), was an American psychologist known for his research on the behavior of apes.
0613860|Yerkes Observatory is an astronomical observatory operated by the University of Chicago in Williams Bay, Wis.
0613950|Yevtushenko, Yevgeny, (1933- ), is a Russian poet.
0613960|Yew is the name of a group of evergreen trees and shrubs.
0613990|Yiddish language is a language of European Jews and their descendants.
0614005|Yiddish literature is the literature of Jews who write and speak the Yiddish language.
0614080|Yo-yo is a small toy that has been popular in the United States and Europe since the 1930's.
0614120|Yoga is a term that has two meanings.
0614140|Yogurt, also spelled yoghurt, is a smooth, semisolid dairy product made from milk.
0614180|Yokohama, (pop. 3,220,331), is a Japanese port and a major center of commerce and industry.
0614190|Yokuts Indians are a group of tribes who once lived in south-central California, in the San Joachin Valley and the foothills of the Sierra Nevada mountains.
0614240|Yom Kippur is the Jewish day of atonement and the most important and sacred Jewish holy day.
0614260|Yonkers, N.Y. (pop. 188,082), is an important manufacturing center that forms part of the New York City metropolitan area.
0614300|York was one of England's largest provincial cities from the Middle Ages until the Industrial Revolution of the 1700's and early 1800's.
0614340|York is a branch of the English royal family of Plantagenet.
0614360|York, Alvin Cullum (1887-1964), an outstanding American soldier of World War I (1914-1918), killed more than 20 Germans and forced 132 others to surrender on Oct. 8, 1918.
0614460|Yorkshire terrier is a breed of toy dog that weighs 4 to 7 pounds (1.8 to 3.2 kilograms).
0614500|Yorktown, Va., is a historic village on the York River.
0614515|Yoruba are a group of people who inhabit southwestern Nigeria and parts of Benin and Togo.
0614520|Yosemite Falls, in California's Yosemite National Park, is one of the world's highest waterfalls.
0614540|Yosemite National Park is a great wilderness in east-central California.
0614580|Young, Andrew Jackson, Jr. (1932- ), was the first black to serve as United States ambassador to the United Nations (UN).
0614600|Young, Brigham (1801-1877), led the Mormons from Illinois to what is now Utah, and established their church there.
0614610|Young, Coleman Alexander (1918- ), won election as the first African American mayor of Detroit in 1973.
0614660|Young, Cy (1867-1955), was one of the greatest right-handed pitchers in the history of baseball.
0614680|Young, Edward (1683-1765), was a poet of the Augustan age in English literature.
0614760|Young, John Watts (1930- ), is a United States astronaut.
0614780|Young, Lester Willis (1909-1959), a tenor saxophonist, developed one of the most imitated styles in jazz history.
0614850|Young, Whitney Moore, Jr. (1921-1971), was an American civil rights leader.
0614920|Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) is one of the largest nonprofit voluntary organizations in the world.
0615040|Young Women's Christian Association (YWCA) is one of the world's oldest and largest multiracial women's organizations.
0615100|Youngstown (pop. 95,732) is an industrial city in northeastern Ohio.
0615180|Youth for Christ International is a nonprofit organization specializing in teen-age evangelism.
0615200|Youth hostel is an inexpensive overnight accommodation for travelers who belong to hosteling associations.
0615220|Youville, Saint Marguerite d' (1701-1771), was the first native-born Canadian to be honored as a saint by the Roman Catholic Church.
0615240|Ypres, (pop. 35,434), is a Belgian city in West Flanders, in the Dutch-speaking part of the country.
0615260|Ytterbium is a soft silvery metal.
0615280|Yttrium is a silvery-white metallic element.
0615300|Yuan is the Chinese word for dollar.
0615360|Yucatan Peninsula includes the southeastern Mexican states of Campeche, Quintana Roo, and Yucatan; Belize; and part of El Peten, a department of Guatemala.
0615380|Yucca is the name of a group of shrubs or trees of the agave family.
0615420|Yugoslavia is what remains of a much larger country, also called Yugoslavia, that broke up into several independent nations in 1991 and 1992.
0615460|Yukawa, Hideki, (1907-1981), a Japanese theoretical physicist, won the 1949 Nobel Prize for physics, the first Japanese to be honored with a Nobel Prize.
0615500|Yukon River is one of the longest rivers in North America.
0615510|Yukon Territory is a region in northwest Canada.
0615520|Yule is another word for Christmas.
0615560|Yuma, (pop. 54,923; met. area pop. 106,895), is a commercial center in southwestern Arizona.
0615625|Yurok Indians, originally lived in northern California, along the Klamath River and the Pacific coast.
0615660|Z is the 26th and last letter in our alphabet.
0615720|Zagreb, (pop. 953,607), is the capital and largest city of Croatia.
0615760|Zaharias, Babe Didrikson, (1911?-1956), is generally considered the greatest woman athlete in sports history.
0615770|Zaire is a large country in the heart of Africa.
0615800|Zambezi River is the fourth longest river in Africa.
0615820|Zambia is a country in south-central Africa.
0615840|Zamboanga, (pop. 343,722), is a beautiful city in the Philippines.
0615980|Zanzibar, (pop. 133,000), is a historic seaport city on the west coast of Zanzibar Island, which is part of Tanzania.
0616000|Zapata, Emiliano, (1879-1919), was a leader of the Mexican Revolution, which began in 1910.
0616020|Zapotec Indians, developed an empire in what is now the state of Oaxaca in southern Mexico from about 1500 B.C. to A.D. 750.
0616140|Zebra is a striped member of the horse family.
0616150|Zebra mussel is a freshwater, Eurasian shellfish that is a major pest in North America.
0616180|Zebulun was the name of one of the 12 tribes of Israel.
0616200|Zechariah, Book of, is a book of the Old Testament or Hebrew Bible.
0616220|Zedillo Ponce de Leon, Ernesto (1951- ), became president of Mexico in 1994.
0616260|Zeeman, Pieter, (1865-1943), a Dutch physicist, became known for his discoveries in spectroscopy, the study and analysis of spectra of light.
0616280|Zeeman effect is the splitting of a spectral line when a source of light is placed in a magnetic field.
0616400|Zen is an East Asian form of Buddhism.
0616460|Zenger, John Peter (1697-1746), gained the first major victory for freedom of the press in the American Colonies.
0616480|Zenith, in astronomy, is any point directly above a person on the earth.
0616520|Zeno of Citium, (335?-265? B.C.), was the founder of Stoic philosophy in Athens.
0616540|Zeno of Elea, (490?-430 B.C.), was a Greek philosopher who lived in the Greek colony of Elea in southern Italy.
0616570|Zeolite is any of a group of crystalline mineral compounds whose framework of atoms forms microscopic tunnels and "rooms.
0616600|Zephaniah, Book of, is a book of the Hebrew Bible, or Old Testament.
0616640|Zeppelin, Ferdinand von (1838-1917), was a famous German pioneer in lighter-than-air vehicles.
0616700|Zero, in arithmetic, is the name of the digit 0, sometimes called naught or a cypher.
0616740|Zeus was the ruler of the gods in Greek mythology.
0616790|Zhao Ziyang, (1919- ), also spelled Chao Tzu-yang, served as general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party from November 1987 until June 1989.
0616794|Zhou dynasty, also spelled Chou, was a Chinese dynasty (family of rulers) that governed from about 1122 B.C. to 256 B.C.
0616798|Zhou Enlai, (1898-1976), also spelled Chou En-lai, became premier and foreign minister of China when the Communists won control of the country in 1949.
0616799|Zhuangzi, also spelled Chuang Tzu, was a Chinese philosopher of the 300's B.C.
0616800|Zhukov, Georgi Konstantinovich, (1896-1974), became a Soviet military hero during World War II (1939-1945).
0616820|Ziegfeld, Florenz (1869-1932), was an American theater producer.
0616875|Zimbabwe is a landlocked country in southern Africa.
0616900|Zinc, a chemical element, is a shiny, bluish-white metal.
0616945|Zinjanthropus is the old name for a humanlike creature that lived about 1,750,000 years ago in Africa.
0616955|Zinnemann, Fred (1907- ), is a motion-picture director whose films are noted for their skillful character portrayal.
0616960|Zinnia is the name of a group of flowering plants, some of which are commonly grown in gardens.
0617000|Zion is a word with many different meanings.
0617020|Zion National Park lies in southwestern Utah.
0617040|Zionism is a movement aimed at establishing a national Jewish state in Palestine, the ancient Jewish homeland.
0617050|ZIP Code is a code system used to speed the sorting and delivery of mail in the United States.
0617060|Zipper is a term often used to mean any kind of slide fastener.
0617080|Zircon is a mineral composed chiefly of the elements silicon, oxygen, and zirconium.
0617100|Zirconium is a grayish-white metal.
0617120|Zither is a stringed musical instrument commonly found in Austria and southern Germany.
0617180|Zodiac is a band of stars that appears to encircle the earth.
0617200|Zodiacal light is a cone-shaped glow of faint light that is seen soon after twilight and just before dawn.
0617260|Zola, Emile, (1840-1902), made naturalism the leading form of literature in France in the late 1800's.
0617345|Zone melting is a method of removing impurities from solid materials that are used in industry and in research.
0617360|Zoning is a procedure that controls the use of land.
0617380|Zonta International is a worldwide service organization of executives in business and the professions.
0617400|Zoo is a place where people keep and display animals.
0617440|Zoology is the study of animals.
0617540|Zoroastrianism is a religion founded between 1400 and 1000 B.C. by a Persian prophet named Zoroaster.
0617560|Zouaves were soldiers of certain light infantry regiments in the French Army who wore distinctive Oriental-style uniforms.
0617600|Zucchini is a type of squash that resembles a cucumber.
0617645|Zukerman, Pinchas, (1948- ), is an Israeli-born violinist, violist, and conductor of international fame.
0617650|Zulu are one of the main Bantu-speaking peoples of Africa.
0617680|Zuni Indians are a tribe that lives in northern New Mexico near the Arizona border.
0617700|Zunz, Leopold (1794-1886), has been called the founder of modern Jewish scholarship.
0617735|Zurbaran, Francisco de (1598-1664), was a famous Spanish artist.
0617740|Zurich, (pop. 351,545; met. area pop. 834,299), is the largest city in Switzerland and the capital of the canton (state) of Zurich.
0617820|Zweig, Stefan (1881-1942), was a well-known Austrian writer of psychological novels, stories, biographies, and poems.
0617830|Zwilich, Ellen Taaffe, (1939- ), an American composer, became the first woman to win the Pulitzer Prize in music.
0617840|Zwingli, Huldreich, (1484-1531), was a leader of the Protestant Reformation.
0617860|Zworykin, Vladimir Kosma, (1889-1982), was a Russian-born American physicist and electronics engineer.
1000014|A telecommunication device called a TT (Text Telephone), TTY, or TDD enables a deaf person to make and receive telephone calls.
1000015|Horse racing is a popular sport in Ireland.
1000017|Las Vegas is Nevada's largest city and chief tourist attraction.
1000019|About A.D. 800.
1000020|Detail from the north frieze of the Treasury of the Siphnians at Delphi.
1000021|Relief showing a battle scene, from a coffin made for a ruler of Sidon.
1000023|Italy, about 1408.
1000029|Prague, the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic, is one of the most beautiful cities in central Europe.
1000031|A Michael Graves hotel in Walt Disney World is a colorful structure facing a lagoon.
1000032|Indian reservations are home to about half of all American Indians in the United States.
1000043|Crystal stones are set by hand in beautiful jewelry by a Rhode Island jeweler.
1000044|Downtown Nashville includes the Tennessee State Capitol and its tree-covered grounds.
1000045|A chemical factory in Tennessee produces rolls of transparent plastics, a kind of chemical product.
1000062|Detail from a relief sculpture in the Church of Sant' Ambrogio, Milan, Italy, about 835.
1000064|A British tea plantation in the 1870's in India showed how the British way of life spread throughout the British Empire.
1000076|Great Basin National Park includes mountainous areas of natural beauty, shown, and desert areas.
1000085|The House of Commons is the more powerful of the two houses of the British Parliament.
1000086|Gardens are popular throughout the United Kingdom, and gardening is a favorite pastime.
1000087|Students at Eton take exams.
1000088|Horse racing is a popular spectator sport in Britain.
1000089|Golf is played throughout Britain.
1000099|Belfast is the capital and largest city of Northern Ireland.
1000100|The landscape of Northern Ireland has many fertile, rolling plains inland and low mountains near the coast.
1000105|The Brandenburg Gate, a famous symbol of Berlin, stands between the city's two downtown areas.
1000113|The Great Lakes and their canals are essential to the economies of the United States and Canada.
1000114|Downtown Houston has many tall, modern office buildings.
1000117|Washington's Cabinet consisted of four men that he knew and trusted.
1000120|Walkers in Wales rest in Snowdonia National Park.
1000121|The English Lowlands are chiefly a region of broad, rolling plains, broken by low hills.
1000122|Washington gave an inaugural address in the Senate Chamber of Federal Hall after taking the oath of office.
1000126|A North Sea oil rig helps produce petroleum, the United Kingdom's most valuable mineral.
1000144|Marie Antoinette was a teen-ager when she became queen of France in 1774.
1000156|Greece, 447-423 B.C.
1000157|France, 1120's.
1000158|Yoruba twin figures.
1000159|United States, 1979.
1000164|From the tomb of Shi Huangdi.
1000165|China, A.D. 530.
1000166|Temple complex showing seated Buddha.
1000167|Bamun people, 1800's.
1000168|Kota people, Gabon, 1800's.
1000169|Kongo people, Zaire, 1875-1900.
1000170|We people, Ivory Coast, 1900's.
1000171|Featuring the Igbo goddess Ala.
1000172|Post figure (Poutokomanawa) Polynesia, New Zealand; Maori people.
1000173|Northern New Ireland, Papua New Guinea, early 1900's.
1000178|United States, 1900's.
1000179|Lakota effigy in the form of a horse.
1000183|Church of St. Nicholas, Bari, Italy, 1098.
1000184|Figures from Cathedral of Notre Dame, Reims, France, 1220's.
1000195|The center of Moscow contains many historic buildings.
1000207|Sumer, 2700 to 2500 B.C.
1000209|Costa Rica, A.D. 1-500.
1000211|Greece (island of Chios), about 520 B.C.
1000219|Voltaire by Jean Antoine Houdon 1781.
1000247|Homo habilis
1000252|Homo erectus
1000253|Homo sapiens (Neanderthal)
1000254|Homo sapiens sapiens
1000257|Tomb of Hugh le Despenser Tewkesbury Abbey, England, about 1340.
1000323|1951, third version after lost original of 1913.
1000354|1932-1933.
1000355|Islands off the coast of Florida.
1000361|France, 1912-1913.
1000372|An impact crater on Venus measures about 23 miles (37 kilometers) across the depression in its center.
1000485|Recording medical information on a spacecraft enables physicians to identify any abnormal changes in the body that could indicate physical disorders or stress.
1000487|An apparently weightless floating makes some tasks challenging inside an orbiting spacecraft.
1000488|A mission control facility on the earth supervises the activities of astronauts in space.
1000489|Flying free in space, an astronaut becomes a human satellite.
1000501|Shuttle astronauts have performed many challenging missions in space.
1000502|To sleep aboard a spacecraft, astronauts can zip themselves into sleeping bags strapped to the wall.
1000505|Sally K. Ride became the first U.S. woman in space on June 18, 1983.
1000724|An artificial satellite is designed to carry out a specific mission.
1001609|Bratislava, Slovakia's capital, is a major cultural and manufacturing center.
1001628|The "unsinkable" Titanic was believed to be the safest ship afloat.
1001631|The right-hand rule shows the direction of the magnetic field around a wire that carries an electric current.
1001639|Vast wheat fields cover much of the southern Alberta Plain.
1001642|Cincinnati, a major commercial and industrial center, lies on the Ohio River in southwestern Ohio.
1001643|A worker picks coffee berries by hand.
1001646|The Houston Astrodome, the round, domed structure in this photograph, forms part of a huge complex that includes an exhibition and convention hall and an arena.
1001650|The Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St. Andrews, one of the world's most famous golf courses, lies near the North Sea.
1001663|A printing telegraph for stockbrokers was one of Edison's first inventions and one of many he made in telegraphy.
1001680|The Port of Mobile, Alabama's only seaport, lies on Mobile Bay north of the Gulf of Mexico.
1001682|Fur seals start life in a group with many other pups and their mothers.
1001708|Meerkats live in colonies of up to 30 individuals.
1001710|Yaounde is the capital of the African nation of Cameroon.
1001859|David H. Souter
1001860|Anthony M. Kennedy
1001861|Antonin Scalia
1001864|Sandra Day O'Connor
1001865|Chief Justice William Rehnquist
1001866|Ruth Bader Ginsburg
1001867|John P. Stevens
1002781|A historic agreement between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) was signed on Sept. 13, 1993, in Washington, D.C.
1003129|Columbus is the capital and largest city of Ohio.
1003131|Dali's Accommodations of Desire was completed about 1929.
1003138|Dayaks are a Southeast Asian people who mainly live in eastern Malaysia.
1003139|Earl Hines
1003146|Crater Lake, in the Cascade Mountains of southwestern Oregon, is the deepest lake in the United States.
1003156|Downtown St. Louis lies on the Mississippi River.
1003157|San Antonio is one of the biggest cities in Texas and a leading commercial and cultural center of the Southwest.
1003160|The Welsh countryside includes rugged mountains, green valleys, and picturesque villages.
1003171|Antigua and Barbuda is a nation in the Caribbean Sea that consists of three islands.
1003187|Carl Lewis is a track and field star who won eight gold medals in Olympic Games competition.
1003189|The famous Alkmaar cheese market is held on Fridays from spring to fall.
1003191|The West Bank is a barren land in the Middle East.
1003203|Downtown Hamilton, Ont., includes many modern buildings.
1003209|Mata Hari was an exotic dancer who lived in France and spied for the Germans during World War I.
1003219|London's Piccadilly Circus is an intersection of six busy streets.
1003221|Cricket is one of England's most popular sports.
1003223|The Pennine Chain is a long line of uplands that runs like a backbone through northern and central England.
1003224|Hadrian's Wall, built by the Romans in the A.D. 120's, protected England from northern raiders.
1003229|Cattle graze in high Swiss mountain pastures during the summer.
1003230|Tourists who enjoy skiing flock to the snowy Swiss Alps.
1003241|The Emerald Isle, as Ireland is often called, is famous for the beauty of its lush, green landscape.
1003243|Grafton Street is a fashionable shopping district in Dublin.
1003244|Bunratty Castle, near Limerick, is a restored Irish castle of the 1400's.
1003274|Switzerland is famous for its magnificent mountain scenery.
1004701|The hydra usually begins life as a bud that grows on the body of its parent.
1004780|Obsidian
1004785|Schist
1004786|Denmark, 1817-1825.
1004864|Raphael's School of Athens shows a gathering of ancient Greek philosophers and scientists in a Roman architectural setting.
1004868|Albert Einstein
1005101|Soldiers from Pakistan's army aim a mortar before firing.
1005110|Tanks and soldiers from the British Army travel across the desert in Saudi Arabia during the Persian Gulf War in 1991.
1005115|Hillary Rodham Clinton became one of the most influential first ladies in U.S. history.
1005116|Knossos, Crete, is the site of famous ancient ruins of the Minoan civilization.
1005123|Antananarivo, Madagascar, is the country's capital and largest city.
1005124|Lemurs are the best-known wild animals of Madagascar.
1005125|Shooting the movie is actually one of the later stages in making a motion picture.
1005130|Miles Davis, right, was an influential jazz trumpet player from the late 1940's until his death in 1991.
1005131|Elizabeth Taylor won an Academy Award for her performance in Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? (1966).
1005132|Maria Laach Abbey Church in Germany is dominated by a square tower and two turrets.
1005136|Italy, 1545-1554.
1005137|Italy, about 1524-1534.
1005149|A naval task force consists of a temporary unit of ships formed to carry out an operation.
1005151|Cornell University is located in Ithaca.
1005152|Greece, about 475 B.C.
1005159|Astronauts on a space shuttle mission work in a pressurized laboratory called Spacelab.
1005160|A Beckmann painting called The Mill shows the strong black lines and heavy figures packed into tight spaces that are typical of his style.
1005162|The city flag, left, features the city seal in its center.
1005169|The Tokyo Stock Exchange, shown, is one of the world's leading stock exchanges.
1005172|A solar power plant in Davis, Calif., uses photovoltaic cells to capture energy from the sun.
1005179|Pago Pago, American Samoa's capital, lies on one of the most beautiful harbors in the South Pacific.
1005180|Cells, the building blocks of all living things, stand out clearly in this photograph of a plant root tip.
1005183|A Derain painting shows the bold brushstrokes and vivid colors typical of the artist's Fauve period of the early 1900's.
1005187|Grand Teton National Park, in northwestern Wyoming, contains the majestic Teton Mountains.
1005191|A particle detector helps scientists study subatomic particles.
1005195|Sao Paulo, Brazil, ranks among the world's largest cities in population.
1005196|Portrait of Walt Whitman
1005205|The snow-capped Pyrenees Mountains, shown, form the border between Spain and France.
1005206|The Meseta is a high plateau that covers most of Spain.
1005210|The Canadian Parliament buildings, which include chambers of the House of Commons and the Senate, lie along the Ottawa River in Ottawa, Ont.
1005211|Irish wolfhound
1005231|The "running of the bulls" is a well-known tradition in the festival of San Fermin in Pamplona.
1005233|Fighter planes attack enemy aircraft and ground targets.
1005235|Herds of Bactrian camels graze in the Gobi Desert.
1005238|The Vice President's official residence is a 33-room mansion located on the grounds of the United States Naval Observatory in Washington, D.C.
1005240|Jean Charest
1005252|Downtown Dallas lies on the Trinity River.
1005255|Rehabilitative therapy teaches new skills and abilities to patients with severe mental illnesses.
1005256|Humane treatment of mentally ill people gained importance in the late 1700's.
1005275|The Federated States of Micronesia is a country in the North Pacific Ocean.
1005285|Cornhusking was one of the first steps involved in preparing corn meal.
1005293|The pioneers pushed the frontier of the United States westward from the Appalachian Mountains to the Pacific Ocean.
1005294|Temporary shelters made of a framework of poles covered with branches and mud housed pioneers when they first arrived at a settlement, shown.
1005296|Regina is Saskatchewan's capital and commercial, financial, and industrial center.
1005298|Thai classical dancers act out traditional stories with religious themes.
1005307|A cabinetmaker provided settlers with finely crafted furniture and other wooden products.
1005320|Recycling helps prevent pollution by reducing the amount of solid waste that must be dumped or burned.
1005322|Water birds feed at St. Vincent National Wildlife Refuge near Apalachicola, Fla., shown.
1005323|Making clothes was generally the responsibility of pioneer women.
1005331|An aerial ballet is a thrilling spectacle.
1005338|Atlanta's skyline has many prominent buildings.
1005339|The Bayeux Tapestry includes a scene, shown, in which the English king Harold II is killed in battle in 1066.
1005341|A circus presents a variety of performers, including aerialists, acrobats, clowns, dancers, musicians, and trained animals.
1005345|The Atlantic Charter was adopted at a 1941 meeting, shown, between U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, seated left, and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, seated right.
1005355|The Seattle skyline is framed between two towering landmarks--the lofty Space Needle, left, and snowy Mount Rainier, right, which appears to "float" on the horizon southeast of the city.
1005357|How Copper Metal is Produced
1005363|Animal acts provide great excitement for audiences.
1005380|A government cleanup project called Superfund works to eliminate unsafe toxic waste dumps in the United States.
1005398|A hinge-action double-barreled shotgun is fired by first moving the release handle to one side and pulling the barrels downward to open the firing chambers.
1005399|A bolt-action rifle is generally used for hunting or target shooting.
1005400|A Byzantine church in Greece called the Church of the Dormition of the Virgin was built in 874.
1005402|Byzantine art is dominated by Christian themes.
1005403|A fuel cell has two electrical terminals called electrodes.
1005405|The Marshall Islands is an island country in the North Pacific Ocean.
1005415|Gold reflects infrared (heat) rays better than any other metal, so it can be used to filter sunlight.
1005451|Cape Town, South Africa's legislative capital and oldest city, lies at the foot of the Cape Mountains in a setting of striking natural beauty.
1005455|Nelson Mandela, left, takes the oath of office for the presidency of South Africa in May 1994.
1005466|Hank Williams, a popular singer and songwriter of the 1940's and early 1950's, was one of country music's most influential artists.
1005467|Patsy Cline helped shape the Nashville Sound in the late 1950's.
1005468|The "outlaws" of the 1970's rejected the Nashville Sound in favor of earlier styles.
1005475|A camcorder uses an electronic charge-coupled device to translate light reflected from the scene being recorded into video signals.
1005481|Bill Monroe, left, and the Blue Grass Boys pioneered bluegrass music in the 1940's.
1005496|Ancient Chinese exercises called t'ai chi chuan are performed by large numbers of people throughout the United States.
1005499|Filipino farm laborers, shown, were among Asian immigrants of the early 1900's.
1005500|A Japanese American family is confined in a detention camp.
1005504|An Indian restaurant, shown, is an example of the many small businesses owned and operated by Asian Americans today.
1005512|This diagram shows how a human cell produces energy.
1005517|A nuclear power plant uses the heat of a controlled nuclear reaction to produce steam, which then generates electric energy.
1005528|Cells differ in shape, size, and function, but all cells have many structures in common.
1005535|Electronic components work together to operate a system.
1006245|Effective interior design creates indoor spaces that are attractive, comfortable, and functional.
1006248|Kitchen design must be especially functional.
1006249|Access for the disabled sometimes figures into the design of an interior.
1006420|A hotbed protects plants grown during cold weather.
1006421|Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, shown waving to his followers, led the 1979 revolution that overthrew Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.
1006425|Miami lies on the southeast coast of Florida.
1006431|A peace agreement signed in October 1994 formally ended a state of war that had technically existed between Israel and Jordan since 1948.
1006435|Tina Turner
1006445|The giant anteater has a tube-shaped head and snout.
1006447|The black and tan coonhound is a good hunting dog.
1006448|The German wirehaired pointer is a hunting dog.
1006450|Automobiles covered with volcanic ash lined streets after Mount Pinatubo erupted.
1006456|Vancouver is Canada's busiest port.
1006461|Shaquille O'Neal has become celebrated in the NBA for his scoring and his powerful dunk shots.
1006462|German shorthaired pointer
1006464|Victoria was queen of Britain for 63 years.
1006470|Charles Barkley
1006471|An editorial cartoon comments in a striking manner on important events or problems.
1006476|A male and female orangutan have different physical features.
1006478|Salt Lake City, the capital and largest city of Utah, lies at the foot of the snow-covered Wasatch Range.
1006480|Elizabeth Dole
1006481|Robert Dole
1006500|An illumination call a historical initial from a choir book shows a Nativity scene within the letter P.
1006506|Raising horses is an important economic activity in Turkmenistan.
1006512|Morgan
1006514|Arabian
1006516|Standardbred
1006521|Suffolk
1006522|Shetland pony
1006525|The Pieta was the most important work of Michelangelo's youth and established his reputation.
1006531|Freight containers, carried piggyback on railroad flatcars, await shipment at a sprawling rail yard outside Toronto.
1006535|Robert Redford
1006544|The Fantastic Four reflect a dynamic style of composition and storytelling that have influenced many superhero comics.
1006548|The voltaic pile, invented in the late 1790's, was the first battery.
1006549|The dynamo was the first efficient electric generator.
1006550|Shire
1006551|Appaloosa
1006552|Przewalski's horse
1006574|Illustration from The Tale of Genji by an unknown Japanese artist, 1100's.
1006576|Battle of the Amazons by Peter Paul Rubens, 1618.
1006585|Artists' paint is made by mixing powdered colors called pigments with a substance called a binder that holds the particles of pigment together.
1006592|Herd of Horses by an unknown artist.
1006596|Leonardo's scientific drawings include his famous study of human proportions called Vitruvian man.
1006600|Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa is probably the most famous portrait ever painted.
1006601|The Virgin and Child with Saint Anne is arranged in a pyramid shape.
1006608|The Crucifixion of Saint Peter was completed by Michelangelo when he was 75.
1006613|Lovers with Two Attendants (from a ragamala by an unknown Indian artist.
1006623|The Florentine Pieta was intended for Michelangelo's own tomb.
1006624|Rouen Cathedral, Full Sunlight by Claude Monet, 1895.
1006627|Fowling in the Marshes by an unknown Egyptian artist.
1006634|Controversy erupted in 1968 when American sprinters Tommie Smith, center, and John Carlos raised clenched fists at a medal ceremony to protest what they considered to be racism.
1006639|The Olympic flame is lit during the opening ceremonies.
1006648|A terrorist bomb destroyed Oklahoma City's Murrah Federal Building on April 19, 1995.
1006654|Detail from Cypress by Kano Eitoku.
1006656|Virgin and Child Enthroned with Angels and Saints by an unknown Byzantine artist.
1006657|Saint Matthew (from the Gospel Book of Archbishop Ebbo) by an unknown medieval artist.
1006659|Joachim with the Shepherds (also known as Joachim Takes Refuge in the Wilderness by Giotto.
1006660|The Tribute Money by Masaccio.
1006662|Birth of Venus by Sandro Botticelli.
1006663|Madonna of the Rocks by Leonardo da Vinci.
1006664|Madonna of the Goldfinch by Raphael.
1006691|Hollywood Boulevard in Los Angeles has the names of motion-picture and television celebrities on large stars set in the sidewalks.
1006694|Still Life with Commode by Paul Cezanne.
1006695|The Vision After the Sermon (also known as Jacob Wrestling with the Angel) by Paul Gauguin.
1006700|Early cubism grew from Pablo Picasso's Les Demoiselles d'Avignon, of 1907.
1006701|Abraham and the Three Angels (from the Psalter of Saint Louis) by an unknown French artist.
1006702|The Annunciation by Fra Angelico.
1006705|Self-Portrait by Albrecht Durer.
1006706|The Executions of 3rd May, 1808 by Francisco Goya.
1006713|An indoor rain forest exhibit at the Henry Doorly Zoo in Omaha, Nebraska, re-creates the vegetation and humid climate of a tropical rain forest inside an eight-story structure.
1006714|Inside a zoo kitchen, trained workers peel, chop, combine, and even cook foods for the animals.
1006715|Regular medical treatment helps keep zoo animals healthy.
1006718|Sandy beaches line the shore of the Pacific Ocean in the Los Angeles area.
1006720|Downtown Los Angeles is laced with high-speed freeways.
1006728|The Iran-contra affair led to congressional hearings in which Reagan Administration aide Oliver L. North, left, testified.
1006739|Clint Eastwood
1006740|The Descent from the Cross by Rogier van der Weyden.
1006742|Banquet of Officers of the Civic Guard of Saint George at Haarlem, 1616 by Frans Hals.
1006745|Portrait of Charles I Hunting by Sir Anthony Van Dyck, about 1635.
1006748|Las Meninas by Diego Velazquez, 1656.
1006749|The Return of the Prodigal Son by Rembrandt, About 1665.
1006751|The Island of Cythera (also known as The Embarkation for Cythera) by Antoine Watteau, 1717.
1006752|Bathers by Jean Honore Fragonard, Mid-1700's.
1006755|Boat-Building near Flatford Mill by John Constable, 1815.
1006757|Ophelia by Sir John Everett Millais, 1852.
1006761|The Dance I by Henry Matisse, 1909.
1006763|Black Lines by Wassily Kandinsky, 1913.
1006764|Composition by Piet Mondrian, 1921.
1006769|Three Flags by Jasper Johns, 1958.
1006771|The Stonebreakers by Gustave Courbet, 1849.
1006777|Hollywood Africans by Jean-Michel Basquiat, 1983.
1006778|Snowstorm: Steamboat off a Harbour's Mouth by J. M. W. Turner, 1842.
1006779|Comtesse d'Haussonville by Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres, 1845.
1006780|Woman, I by Willem de Kooning, 1952.
1006782|The Thankful Poor by Henry Ossawa Tanner, 1894.
1006784|The Last Supper by Emil Nolde, 1909.
1006785|WHAAM! by Roy Lichtenstein, 1963.
1006792|Building a snowhouse involves cutting blocks of hard snow and stacking them in a continuous coil.
1006793|Building a kayak begins with constructing a sturdy wooden frame, like the one shown here.
1006794|Catching fish in Inuit culture involves spearing the fish through holes in the ice.
1006803|The skyscrapers of downtown Chicago form a magnificent backdrop for the city's beautiful lakefront.
1006804|The Gold Coast on Chicago's Near North Side is a luxurious residential area.
1006805|The Shedd Aquarium has more fish and other water animals than any other indoor aquarium in the world.
1006809|Skin drums are traditional instruments in Inuit music.
1006810|A powerful earthquake struck Los Angeles on January 17, 1994.
1006811|Uranus appears in true colors, left, and false colors, right in images produced by combining numerous pictures taken by the Voyager 2 spacecraft.
1006816|The sprawling Kruger National Park in South Africa is home to thousands of mammals, including impalas and waterbucks, shown.
1006818|Tikal National Park in Guatemala protects ruins of pyramids and temples of the ancient Maya Indian civilization.
1006819|Poaching is a major problem in a number of national parks that provide homes for endangered wildlife.
1006821|Farms in the Middle Colonies benefited from fertile soil and a favorable climate to produce large quantities of corn, wheat, and other agricultural products.
1006834|The first permanent English settlement in America was established in 1607 at Jamestown, Virginia, shown.
1006857|The Channel Tunnel lies beneath the English Channel.
1006876|Phillis Wheatley, an African-born slave, was the first black American poet.
1006895|Most colonists had few utensils for preparing food and for eating and drinking.
1008957|Army ants are fierce hunters that travel in swarms and prey chiefly on other insects.
1008961|Harvester ants store seeds in special chambers inside their nests, shown.
1008962|Dairying ants "milk" honeydew from aphids, shown.
1008963|Honey ant workers called repletes serve as storage tanks.
1008967|The greenbottle fly is named for the color of its shiny coat.
1009186|Sylvia Earle
1009550|The Christian church was an important institution during the Middle Ages.
1009903|Prehistoric arrowheads used by Stone Age Europeans were chipped into leaf shapes and triangular shapes.
1010021|The aardvark rips open the nests of ants and termites with its claws.
1010022|Aboriginal children attend a school in Australia's Northern Territory.
1010023|Scenic Acapulco lies on Mexico's Pacific coast.
1010024|John Adams' birthplace stands in Quincy (then Braintree), Mass.
1010025|Abigail Smith Adams was an intelligent, well-read woman, and a keen observer of colonial life.
1010026|John Adams was the first President to live in the White House.
1010027|Louisa Johnson Adams was born in London, the daughter of an American diplomat.
1010028|Samuel Adams
1010029|An emotional appeal is used in many advertisements to attract attention so that people will learn about the product.
1010031|Expansion of rural education has been a chief goal of governments in northern Africa.
1010032|Community feasts like this one in Ghana celebrate such events as marriages and births.
1010033|College education is available in most African countries.
1010034|Mission schools were founded in Africa by European missionaries during the colonial period.
1010035|Traditional education in Africa provides children with the special skills they need to become productive members of their community.
1010036|A bronze sculpture from Nigeria is an image of a priest-king of a civilization once centered at Ife.
1010037|Royal music of the Ashanti of Ghana honors a new chief.
1010038|Traditional African dancing marks important events in everyday life, such as births, deaths, and harvesttime.
1010039|Deserts cover about two-fifths of Africa.
1010040|Toni Morrison received the Nobel Prize for literature in Stockholm, Sweden, in 1993.
1010041|Exercise can help elderly people maintain or improve physical fitness.
1010042|AIDS viruses reproduce in CD4 cells and circulate in the blood.
1010043|The AIDS quilt memorializes people who have died of AIDS.
1010044|Albatrosses are large sea birds with a white body and darker wings and tail.
1010045|The majestic Canadian Rocky Mountains rise along Alberta's southwestern border.
1010046|Ira Aldridge
1010047|The blue-green alga Anabaena consists of long strands of single cells.
1010048|The spherical colonies of the green alga Volvox consist of many cells.
1010049|Algerian townspeople in Timimoun, in the country's Sahara region, wear either traditional or Western-style clothing.
1010051|Ernest Hemingway
1010052|Henry James
1010053|Joyce Carol Oates
1010054|Ralph Ellison
1010055|Saul Bellow
1010056|Roald Amundsen
1010057|Marian Anderson
1010058|Luanda, the capital and largest city of Angola, has many modern buildings and broad, treelined streets.
1010059|Long, powerful legs and a stride of 15 feet (4.6 meters) make the ostrich one of the fastest land animals.
1010060|Long, slender front wings and small hind wings enable the fast-flying hawk moth to hover like a hummingbird.
1010061|A tail and fins serve most fish in swimming.
1010062|A water spider breathes underwater by means of large air bubbles held close to its body.
1010063|The armadillo's armor protects the animal from harm.
1010064|Large, heavy horns protect the slow-moving Cape buffalo of southern Africa from enemies.
1010065|Protective coloration helps many animals hide from their enemies.
1010066|Mimicry helps many animals avoid predators.
1010067|The courtship ritual of the albatross involves an elaborate dance between a male and female before they mate.
1010068|A male Adelie penguin incubates an egg by holding it between his feet to protect it from the Antarctic chill.
1010070|A raven's nest is usually built on a cliff in late winter.
1010071|A male antelope marks his territory by rubbing his face on plants within its borders.
1010073|People protect some animals by raising them in captivity.
1010075|Susan B. Anthony
1010076|A glass bottle with a distinctive diamond and daisy pattern was made in the glass factory of Henry William Stiegel.
1010077|A mechanical toy was manufactured by a Connecticut company about 1871.
1010078|A Shaker rocking chair made about 1890 is valued for its functional design, quality materials, and craftsmanship.
1010079|A stoneware water cooler and two cups were manufactured during the 1830's in a factory in Bennington, Vt.
1010080|Mark Antony
1010081|Johnny Appleseed was a pioneer planter.
1010082|Arabs follow many ways of life.
1010083|Harsh, sparsely populated deserts cover much of the Arab world.
1010084|Traditional Arab architecture places great importance on privacy.
1010085|Traditional Chinese architecture featured roofs that curved upward at the end.
1010086|Angkor is a group of temples in Cambodia.
1010087|Japanese architecture became noted for its simplicity, elegance, and sense of proportion.
1010088|Hagia Sophia is the finest example of Byzantine architecture.
1010089|Aachen Cathedral in Germany, dedicated in 805, is an example of Carolingian architecture.
1010090|Gothic cathedrals dominated French architecture from about 1150 to 1500.
1010092|The Church of Sant' Andrea in Mantua, Italy, was designed by Leon Battista Alberti in the mid-1400's.
1010093|The dome of the Cathedral of Florence was an early achievement of Italian Renaissance architecture.
1010094|St. Peter's Basilica stands in Rome on the site of Old St. Peter's.
1010095|The chateau of Fontainebleau is an early example of Renaissance architecture in France.
1010096|The Villa Rotonda, designed by Andrea Palladio in the mid-1500's, stands on a hill near Vicenza, Italy.
1010098|The Palladian Revival was based on Roman architecture and the works of Andrea Palladio.
1010100|Early American architecture reflected European styles.
1010101|The Gothic Revival of the 1800's reflected a renewed interest in medieval Gothic architecture.
1010102|The Palais Garnier features a number of architectural styles.
1010103|The Secession Building in Vienna, Austria, was designed in 1898 by Josef Olbrich as an exhibition gallery for a group of artists and architects called the Vienna Secession.
1010104|The Amsterdam Stock Exchange in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, is noted for its simple lines and an extensive use of brick.
1010105|The AEG Turbine Factory, with simple lines and glass walls, was one of the first factories to reflect modern design principles.
1010106|The Palais Stoclet, a mansion completed in 1911 in Brussels, Belgium, was designed by Josef Hoffmann of Austria.
1010107|Steiner House in Vienna has a cubelike shape and no decoration.
1010108|The Carson Pirie Scott & Company Building, a Chicago department store, is a masterpiece of the Chicago School of architecture.
1010109|The prairie style created by Frank Lloyd Wright revolutionized American domestic architecture.
1010110|The works of Ludwig Mies van der Rohe are noted for his skillful use of steel and glass.
1010111|The International Style became one of the dominant architectural movements of the 1900's.
1010112|The British Art Center at Yale University was the last major work by Louis Kahn, a leading American architect of the mid-1900's.
1010113|Post-modernism used elements from earlier architectural styles.
1010116|Rural life and city life contrast vividly in Argentina.
1010117|Beautiful rock formations rise from the floor of Monument Valley in Arizona's Colorado Plateau.
1010119|Benedict Arnold
1010120|American Indian arrowheads were fashioned in many shapes and sizes and from a variety of materials.
1010122|Ellen Herndon Arthur died the year before her husband became President.
1010123|Chester Alan Arthur's youngest sister, Mary Arthur McElroy, was his White House hostess.
1010124|A winged lion of the 800's B.C. stood in front of the palace of Ashurnasirpal II.
1010126|The tomb of Martin Luther King, Jr., stands at the Martin Luther King, Jr., National Historic Site in Atlanta.
1010127|The Coca-Cola Company maintains headquarters and a visitors' center in Atlanta.
1010128|Augustus was the first Roman emperor.
1010129|The aye-aye lives in the forests of Madagascar.
1010130|Human sacrifice played a major role in Aztec religion.
1010131|Aztec writing consisted of small pictures called pictographs.
1010132|The Spanish conquest in 1521 destroyed the Aztec empire.
1010133|An Aztec pyramid stands at Santa Cecilia, Mexico, near Mexico City.
1010134|Muslims in Baghdad attend highly decorated houses of worship called mosques.
1010135|Downtown Baltimore has a mixture of traditional and modern buildings.
1010136|The flag, left, shows the city's Battle Monument, which honors militiamen who defended the city in the War of 1812.
1010139|The Beatles were the most popular group in rock music history.
1010140|Bethlehem lies south of Jerusalem in the Judean Hills.
1010141|Mary McLeod Bethune
1010142|Benazir Bhutto
1010143|A bighorn ram has massive, curved horns.
1010144|Dall's sheep, also called thinhorn, are smaller than bighorns and have more slender horns.
1010145|Billy the Kid
1010146|Artificial body parts are designed by biomedical engineers as replacements for defective natural body parts.
1010147|Red-winged blackbird
1010148|In a cooking class for the blind, students learn to make their own meals.
1010149|Platelets plug leaks in blood vessels and help begin the process leading to the formation of a blood clot.
1010150|Red blood cells carry oxygen to body tissues.
1010151|White blood cells help the body fight infection and disease.
1010152|Blue jay
1010153|The bobcat uses its keen eyesight and hearing to track down the small animals on which it feeds.
1010154|Bogota, the capital and largest city of Colombia, lies on a plateau high in the Andes Mountains.
1010156|La Paz, Bolivia's largest city, lies on a cool plateau high in the Andes Mountains.
1010157|Crowds of people jam a Bombay street.
1010158|A beautiful book is a work of art.
1010159|A Babylonian clay tablet with cuneiform writing was an early form of book.
1010160|The Domesday Book was the first official record of land holdings in England.
1010161|The oldest known printed book is the Diamond Sutra, made in China in A.D. 868.
1010162|Paperback books first became popular in Europe and the U.S. in the 1800's.
1010163|John Wilkes Booth
1010164|Lizzie Borden
1010165|Downtown Boston is a blend of historic and modern buildings.
1010166|Beacon Hill is one of Boston's most charming residential sections.
1010167|The Back Bay area stretches along the Charles River west of downtown Boston.
1010168|Boston's flag was adopted in 1917.
1010170|The Boston Massacre greatly aroused the anger of Boston residents against British troops in the city.
1010171|The Boston Tea Party was a protest against a tax the British government placed on imported tea.
1010172|Botticelli's La Primavera (Springtime) is a complex symbolic painting based on classical mythology.
1010173|The bottle tree is named for its trunk, which resembles a bottle.
1010174|James Bowie, shown here on the cot, was ill during the siege of the Alamo in 1836.
1010175|Brasilia is noted for its modern architecture.
1010176|The colorful carnival festival in Rio de Janeiro features costumed street dancers and lively parades.
1010177|A church procession takes place in the town of Ouro Preto.
1010178|The Brisbane City Hall was built in the classic Greek style of architecture.
1010179|John Brown
1010180|Blanche Kelso Bruce
1010181|Harriet Lane, Buchanan's niece, served as hostess for the President.
1010182|The world's widest boulevard is Avenida 9 de Julio in Buenos Aires.
1010183|Buffalo is the second largest city in New York.
1010184|The magnificent Shwe Dagon pagoda is the most famous of Burma's thousands of Buddhist temples.
1010185|Aaron Burr
1010186|Bush and Senator Dan Quayle of Indiana, left, became the Republican nominees for President and Vice President at the party's national convention in New Orleans in August 1988.
1010187|The Bush family gathered in Kennebunkport, Me., for this portrait.
1010188|Julius Caesar was one of the great military leaders of all time.
1010189|John C. Calhoun
1010190|The Coast Ranges rise from the Pacific Ocean.
1010191|The San Francisco earthquake of 1906 destroyed about 28,000 buildings and killed at least 3,000 people.
1010193|The Appalachian Region consists primarily of forests and farmland.
1010194|The St. Lawrence Lowlands include large areas of rolling farmland.
1010196|An examination for lung cancer may include the use of an instrument called a bronchoscope.
1010197|Al Capone
1010198|The capybara, the world's largest rodent, lives in Central and South America.
1010199|The caribou lives in the North American tundra.
1010200|Kit Carson
1010201|President Carter sat between his wife, Rosalynn Smith Carter, and their daughter, Amy, for this portrait in front of the White House.
1010205|Movement is illustrated largely through the use of lines of different sizes.
1010206|The senses are illustrated by lines, symbols, and words.
1010221|A mother cat carries a kitten back to the nest if it strays too far.
1010222|A centipede may have as many as 170 pairs of legs.
1010223|An oasis in the desert of northern Chad provides water for wandering nomads and their livestock.
1010225|Cesar Chavez
1010226|The Cherokee Indians were forced to move from the Southeast to the Oklahoma area as whites took over their land.
1010228|The black-capped chickadee lives in Canada and the Northern United States.
1010230|Bearded mille fleur hen
1010232|Old English black-breasted red game rooster
1010235|White Leghorn rooster
1010236|A fashionable area of Santiago, Chile's capital, attracts many shoppers.
1010237|Chile's Central Valley is crossed by several rivers fed by runoff water from the Andes.
1010239|The chinchilla has large ears and a short, bushy tail.
1010240|Shirley Chisholm
1010241|Marcus Tullius Cicero
1010242|Crowded street scenes--like this one in Lima, Peru--are common in cities throughout the world.
1010247|The battle of the ironclads pitted the Northern Monitor, against the Southern Merrimack (Virginia) in March 1862.
1010248|The Battle of Antietam was waged between Confederate forces under General Robert E. Lee and Union forces under General George B. McClellan on Sept. 17, 1862, near the town of Sharpsburg, Md.
1010249|Medical care during the Civil War was given in temporary facilities and in city hospitals like this one in Washington, D.C.
1010250|Sherman's march through Georgia was aimed at destroying any civilian and industrial property that might help the South continue fighting.
1010251|Lee surrendered to Grant, left, at a house in Appomattox Court House, Va., on April 9, 1865.
1010252|Black troops fought in nearly 500 Civil War engagements.
1010253|Asian clams
1010254|Giant clam
1010257|Henry Clay spoke eloquently before the United States Senate in support of the Compromise of 1850.
1010259|The city flag's red, white, and blue stripes represent patriotism.
1010260|The youngest First Lady in the nation's history was Frances Folsom Cleveland.
1010261|Cliff Palace is the largest cliff dwelling in Mesa Verde National Park in southwestern Colorado.
1010262|Seventeen-year-old Clinton shakes hands with President John F. Kennedy.
1010263|Running mates Clinton and Senator Al Gore of Tennessee, left, accepted the Democratic nomination for President and Vice President at the party's national convention in New York City in July 1992.
1010264|The coati is related to the raccoon.
1010265|George M. Cohan
1010266|Raising beef cattle is Colorado's leading agricultural activity.
1010267|Colorado's most famous land feature, Pikes Peak, left, was sighted in 1806 by American Army officer Zebulon Pike.
1010272|Fidel Castro, left, declared Cuba was Communist, and was welcomed to the Soviet Union by Premier Nikita S. Khrushchev.
1010273|A conch is a large sea snail with a spiral shell.
1010274|Congress, the lawmaking branch of the United States government, consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives.
1010275|Yale University's Memorial Quadrangle features beautiful Gothic architecture.
1010276|The Nautilus, the world's first nuclear-powered submarine, was launched at Groton in 1954.
1010278|Grace Coolidge, Coolidge's wife, was a teacher of the deaf before their marriage.
1010283|Sea fan
1010285|The Central Plateau is the agricultural heartland of Costa Rica.
1010286|Cousin diagram
1010287|A cowboy on horseback used equipment and skills borrowed from Mexican cowboys, called vaqueros.
1010288|Branding took place during the roundup.
1010289|A chuck wagon carried food, cooking utensils, drinking water, and the cowboys' bedrolls during the trail drive.
1010291|Analytic cubism divided objects into many fragments and planes, as in Georges Braque's Man with a Guitar begun in summer, 1911, and completed in early 1912.
1010292|The cuscus is a mammal of Australia, New Guinea, and nearby islands.
1010293|George A. Custer
1010294|Vasco da Gama
1010296|Testing for hearing disorders is usually done by trained experts called audiologists.
1010298|James Dean
1010300|The Dancing Class by Degas
1010301|A cypress swamp covers part of southern Delaware.
1010302|Swedish settlers arrived in the Delaware area in 1638.
1010303|Delhi, India's second largest city, is old and crowded.
1010304|Luca della Robbia created Madonna and Child Jesus.
1010305|Downtown Denver is the commercial center of the Rocky Mountain region.
1010307|Emily Dickinson
1010308|Special education helps children with disabilities use their full learning ability.
1010309|The Doberman pinscher is an intelligent watchdog.
1010310|A Chinese shar-pei puppy has a wrinkled coat that looks too large for its body.
1010311|A black tongue is the distinguishing feature of the chow chow.
1010312|The puli has a coat that becomes tangled into long, ropelike cords.
1010313|Alaskan malamute
1010314|Great Pyrenees
1010315|Mastiff
1010316|Samoyed
1010317|Brittany
1010318|English setter
1010319|Golden retriever
1010320|Irish water spaniel
1010321|American water spaniel
1010322|English cocker spaniel
1010323|Gordon setter
1010324|Borzoi
1010326|Norwegian elkhound
1010327|Basenji
1010328|Saluki
1010329|Whippet
1010330|Bull terrier
1010331|Manchester terrier
1010332|American Staffordshire terrier
1010333|Cairn terrier
1010334|Kerry blue terrier
1010335|Scottish terrier
1010336|Smooth fox terrier
1010337|Miniature pinscher
1010338|Pekingese
1010339|Pug
1010340|Smooth coat chihuahua
1010341|Boston terrier
1010342|Dalmatian
1010343|Tibetan terrier
1010345|Briard
1010346|Long-haired collie
1010347|Pembroke Welsh corgi
1010348|Baby dolphins are born in the water.
1010349|The common domesticated donkey is used chiefly for riding and for pulling carts and wagons.
1010350|Stephen A. Douglas
1010351|Frederick Douglass
1010352|Menander was the most popular Greek playwright of his time.
1010353|Roman comedy was usually performed on a stage that represented a public street.
1010354|Mansion stages were popular in medieval Europe.
1010355|Commedia dell' arte was a loosely constructed form of comedy that dominated Italian drama from the 1500's through the 1700's.
1010356|David Garrick was the leading English actor of his day.
1010357|Theater of the absurd was a broad movement that included many important new playwrights of the 1950's.
1010358|Black American playwrights became a major force in American drama in the mid- and late 1900's.
1010359|W. E. B. Du Bois
1010360|Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2
1010361|Huge stone statues on Easter Island were carved hundreds of years ago.
1010362|An echidna has many sharp spines and eats chiefly ants and termites.
1010363|Quito, Ecuador's capital, lies on a plateau almost 2 miles (3 kilometers) above sea level.
1010364|Open-air regional markets sell foods and handicrafts produced in nearby villages.
1010365|Special education programs provide instruction for disabled or gifted students.
1010366|Learning by doing is an important instructional method in schools throughout the world.
1010367|The University of Paris became known throughout Europe in the Middle Ages for its faculty of famous scholars and teachers.
1010368|Higher education for women became available during the 1830's in coeducational colleges.
1010369|The manufacturing of cotton textiles ranks as one of Egypt's most important industries.
1010370|Eisenhower and his wife, Mamie, were married on July 1, 1916.
1010371|Premier Nikita S. Khrushchev of the Soviet Union, second from right, and his wife, left,were guests of the Eisenhowers in 1959.
1010372|Trained elephants, such as the Asiatic elephant shown here, are used in the logging industry in several Asian countries.
1010373|Elephants cool off by bathing.
1010374|Elephants touch trunks as a greeting.
1010375|A baby elephant stays with its mother until it reaches adulthood.
1010376|Ralph Waldo Emerson
1010384|A modern engraving shows how texture can be created.
1010385|A Renaissance engraving by Andrea Mantegna of Italy has the solid quality of a statue.
1010386|The ermine turns pure white in extremely cold winter weather.
1010387|Erosion by glaciers typically takes place over thousands of years as the ice masses slowly move down mountainsides.
1010388|Erosion by water can occur rapidly when rain water flows down sloping land that is not covered by vegetation.
1010389|Strip cropping, the alternation of thickly growing crops with other crops, helps reduce soil erosion on sloping land.
1010390|An etching by James Whistler shows an informal scene along the River Thames in London.
1010392|The fennec is a small fox with large ears and a black-tipped tail.
1010393|Bracken is found in fields throughout most of the world.
1010396|Tree ferns grow in the tropics.
1010397|Western sword ferns grow in forests along the Pacific coast of North America.
1010398|Fetishes can take the form of such common objects as stones and bones.
1010399|Abigail Powers Fillmore, the President's first wife, was one of his teachers before they married.
1010401|A special computer can compare a person's fingerprints with those in a central file.
1010402|The fleur-de-lis is an irislike design used in heraldry.
1010403|The John and Mable Ringling Museum of Art in Sarasota has a fine collection of about 1,000 paintings.
1010404|Workers harvest oranges in a southern Florida citrus grove.
1010405|A horse fly's eyes act as prisms, breaking light into bands of color.
1010406|A house fly searches for food on a crust of bread.
1010408|Eggs of a house fly
1010409|Larvae of a house fly
1010410|Newly hatched adult house fly
1010411|Pupa of a house fly
1010412|A flying dragon glides by spreading folds of skin.
1010413|A Folsom point is a long, thin prehistoric spearhead.
1010414|As House minority leader, Ford appeared with Senate Minority Leader Everett M. Dirksen in a series of televised press conferences in the late 1960's.
1010415|The President's family poses in the White House.
1010416|Henry Ford
1010417|Fort Worth is one of the largest industrial cities in Texas.
1010418|A fossil Pterodactylus, a type of pterosaur, provides information on the animal's behavior.
1010419|A carbonized fossil of a fern consists of traces of carbon in the shape of the leaf.
1010420|A mold preserved the three-dimensional form of a trilobite after its body decayed.
1010421|As a printer, Franklin bought a press with Hugh Meredith in 1728.
1010422|Benjamin Franklin served as minister to France from 1778 to 1785.
1010423|Sigmund Freud
1010424|Robert Frost
1010428|Beautifully designed furniture can be displayed as works of art.
1010429|Early U.S. furniture was based on English designs.
1010430|This ancient Egyptian throne, which belonged to King Tutankhamen, is decorated with carvings of lion heads and paws.
1010431|A common ancient Greek chair was the klismos, shown.
1010432|Roman stool called a curule
1010433|This simply built chest is typical of the furniture of the Middle Ages.
1010434|A Japanese cabinet of the early 1600's is made of lacquered wood.
1010435|A typical Chinese chair of the 1500's had a single vertical splat that formed the center of the chair's back.
1010436|An Italian Renaissance chest called a cassone, is made of fine wood and beautifully carved.
1010437|An Italian tabletop of the 1600's is decorated with semiprecious stones in a technique called pietre dure.
1010438|A low chest of drawers called a commode became a popular furniture form of the 1700's.
1010441|The English neoclassical style was begun by Robert Adam, a Scottish architect, in the 1760's.
1010443|This Empire-style dressing table features a round mirror and built-in candleholders.
1010444|Art nouveau was a decorative style characterized by a graceful curve known as a whiplash curve.
1010445|Restauration furniture resembled the French Empire style.
1010458|Post-modern furniture is a decorative style of the late 1900's.
1010459|A Robert Venturi chair is the American architect's interpretation of the Queen Anne style of the early 1700's in England.
1010460|A galago is a small tree-dwelling African animal that is active at night.
1010461|Marine iguanas inhabit the rocky coastlines of the Galapagos Islands.
1010462|The Ganges River in India is sacred to Hindus.
1010463|Lucretia Rudolph Garfield was a student of Garfield's before they married.
1010464|William Lloyd Garrison
1010465|Marcus Garvey
1010466|The Savannah riverfront is a restored area of the historic city with nine blocks of restaurants, shops, and museums.
1010467|Beef cattle graze on a pasture in a valley in northern Georgia.
1010468|The German shepherd dog was bred as a herding dog.
1010469|Ginger is a tropical plant that is cultivated for the spice obtained from its rhizome (underground stem).
1010470|Wild ginger has large, low-growing leaves and is common in American woodlands.
1010471|The ginkgo is a slender ornamental tree with fan-shaped, fernlike leaves.
1010474|The glass lizard has no legs.
1010475|The brindled gnu is one of the fastest animals in southern Africa.
1010476|True wild goat, or bezoar goat
1010477|Domestic goats are important farm animals throughout the world.
1010478|Nubian goat
1010479|Saanen goat
1010480|Domestic goats are important farm animals throughout the world.
1010481|Gold rush prospectors often used a cradle to separate gold from worthless stone.
1010482|The common goldfish is a popular aquarium pet.
1010483|The pocket gopher is native to North America.
1010484|Julia Dent Grant met her future husband when he was a second lieutenant with the Fourth Infantry Regiment near St. Louis.
1010485|The National Palace, a government center, stands in downtown Guatemala City.
1010486|A Guatemalan rural village lies along a river.
1010487|Coffee beans dry in the sun on plantations in the Highlands region.
1010488|Captain Nathan Hale was executed in New York City near what is now 66th Street and Third Avenue.
1010489|Halifax City Hall, completed in 1887, is a famous city landmark.
1010490|A jack-o'-lantern for Halloween is made by carving a pumpkin.
1010491|Alexander Hamilton
1010492|Hammurabi, king of Babylonia, stands before the god Shamash, patron of justice.
1010493|The signature of John Hancock was the first signature placed on the historic Declaration of Independence at Philadelphia.
1010494|John Hancock was an American revolutionary leader.
1010495|Florence Harding had a dominating personality and great ambitions for her husband.
1010496|Caroline Scott Harrison worked hard as First Lady despite poor health.
1010497|Havana is the commercial and industrial center of Cuba.
1010498|Nathaniel Hawthorne
1010499|Lucy Webb Hayes was the first President's wife to have a college degree.
1010500|Patrick Henry lashed out at English tyranny in a great speech before the Virginia House of Burgesses in 1765.
1010501|Matthew A. Henson
1010502|The great blue heron is the largest American heron.
1010503|Spanish missions shaped colonial cultures by passing on the Spanish language and Roman Catholicism.
1010504|African influences helped create the distinctive sounds of Latin music.
1010505|Indian influences can be seen in the foods of Mexican Americans.
1010506|Durocs are a popular breed of hog in the United States because they produce large litters and gain weight rapidly.
1010507|Hogs are a major source of income for many farmers in the United States, especially in the Corn Belt of the Midwest.
1010508|Berkshires provide meat with little excess fat.
1010509|Chester Whites must have shade to avoid sunburn.
1010510|Spotted Swine may be mostly black or mostly white.
1010511|Lou Henry Hoover, Hoover's wife, was a brilliant woman who wrote articles for many scholarly publications.
1010512|A horned lizard has sharp spines on its head and its back.
1010513|Medical care of a horse includes periodic examinations by a veterinarian.
1010514|A well-performed jump requires harmony between the rider and horse.
1010515|A newborn foal is cared for by its mother.
1010516|The white star on the blue flag of Houston, left, represents the state of Texas.
1010517|Hussein I
1010518|Saddam Hussein
1010520|A hyrax is a rabbit-sized animal that resembles a guinea pig.
1010521|Millions of European immigrants streamed into the United States during the 1800's and early 1900's.
1010522|The ruins of Sacsahuaman, an Inca fortress, lie near Cusco.
1010523|Most northern Indians have light skin and belong to the Indo-Aryan ethnic group.
1010524|Most southern Indians belong to the Dravidian ethnic group.
1010525|Hindu religious festivals, such as the one shown here, play an important role in the life of the Indian people.
1010526|A family dinner in India often includes a variety of dishes.
1010527|Babar, top, was a Muslim ruler who founded the Mogul Empire in 1526.
1010528|Kachina dolls were given to boys and girls.
1010529|Main public buildings of Indianapolis include a sports and entertainment center called Market Square Arena, left, and the City-County Building, right.
1010530|The star on the flag represents the Soldiers and Sailors Monument and the position of Indianapolis as the state capital.
1010531|Downtown Jakarta has many wide boulevards lined with modern buildings.
1010532|Farm crops are sold or traded at village marketplaces like this one in Sumatra, where most of the Batak people live.
1010533|Factories developed during the Industrial Revolution to bring together the machines and the workers to run them.
1010534|The domestic system produced most manufactured goods before the Industrial Revolution.
1010535|Steamships carried raw materials and manufactured goods across the Atlantic Ocean by the mid-1800's.
1010536|Downtown Des Moines rises along the Des Moines River in south-central Iowa.
1010538|Rajah Brooke iris
1010539|This richly carved stand was made to hold the Koran, the holy book of Islam.
1010540|Islamic art includes many beautiful religious colleges called madrasahs.
1010541|Islamic pottery featured a form of decoration called luster painting, in which artists used metallic paint on a blue or white glaze.
1010542|Islamic painting is best known for beautiful illustrations in books that also feature elegant handwriting called calligraphy.
1010543|The black-tailed jack rabbit lives in dry areas of Mexico and the Western United States.
1010544|The jackal, a member of the dog family, is mainly a scavenger, an animal that feeds on creatures it finds dead.
1010545|Rachel Jackson, Jackson's wife, died of a heart attack in December 1828.
1010546|Emily Donelson, Rachel Jackson's niece, managed the White House and served as Jackson's hostess at most social events.
1010548|Stonewall Jackson
1010549|The city seal of Jacksonville bears a silhouette of U.S. President Andrew Jackson on a horse.
1010550|Jacksonville is a major seaport and transportation hub of the Southeastern United States.
1010551|Jesse James
1010552|An American mission led by Commodore Matthew C. Perry arrived in Japan in 1853.
1010553|John Jay
1010554|Monticello, the home Jefferson designed and built between 1768 and 1809, is a 35-room brick mansion on a hilltop near Charlottesville, Va.
1010555|Jefferson was secretary of state under President George Washington, right.
1010556|Martha Randolph, Jefferson's older daughter, sometimes served as hostess at the White House.
1010557|War with Tripoli, one of the Barbary States of northern Africa, began in 1801.
1010558|The jellyfish has no bones.
1010559|The sea wasp is a jellyfish found mainly in the waters of the Great Barrier Reef off the coast of Australia.
1010560|The Dome of the Rock, perhaps the most beautiful building in Jerusalem, is the city's holiest Muslim shrine.
1010561|The Western Wall in Jerusalem was a part of the Jews' holy Temple during Biblical times.
1010562|The Last Supper was the final meal that Jesus shared with His 12 apostles.
1010563|Jesus restored a blind beggar's sight in a miracle described in the Gospels.
1010564|Jesus was arrested by Roman soldiers in Gethsemane, a garden east of Jerusalem.
1010565|Jesus' last hours.
1010566|The Resurrection of Jesus, as related in the Gospels, occurred on the third day after His Crucifixion.
1010567|A street in Johannesburg, South Africa's largest urban area, is lined with modern buildings.
1010570|The impeachment trial of President Johnson lasted from March 13 to May 26, 1868.
1010571|In a sad, solemn ceremony, Johnson took the presidential oath of office 1 hour and 39 minutes after President John F. Kennedy was assassinated.
1010572|The Johnson family in 1968 consisted of, left to right, son-in-law Patrick J. Nugent; daughter Luci; Lady Bird; Johnson and grandson Patrick; daughter Lynda; and her husband, Charles S. Robb.
1010573|John Paul Jones
1010574|Jordan presents a sharp contrast between its up-to-date cities and its ancient ruins.
1010575|The treasury at Petra was carved into the cliffs of this trading center in Jordan during the A.D. 100's.
1010576|Chief Joseph
1010577|Carl G. Jung
1010578|Members of Junior Achievement manufacture and sell their own products.
1010579|As senator, Kennedy served on a committee that investigated charges of corruption in labor unions.
1010580|Kennedy's family consisted of the President; his son, John, Jr.; "Jackie" Kennedy; and daughter Caroline.
1010581|Moments before being shot, Kennedy rode past a friendly crowd in Dallas on Nov. 22, 1963.
1010582|Robert F. Kennedy
1010583|The Kensington rune stone is claimed to be the record of a Viking exploration of America before the time of Columbus.
1010584|Nairobi is the capital and largest city of Kenya.
1010585|A traditional dance performed by members of the Masai ethnic group, shown, is hundreds of years old.
1010586|A Killdeer is a shore bird of North and South America.
1010587|Coretta Scott King
1010588|Belted kingfishers nest in burrows in riverbanks or sandbanks.
1010589|The kinkajou uses its long, flexible tail for balance in trees.
1010590|Kinshasa is the capital and largest city of Zaire.
1010592|Robert M. La Follette, Sr.
1010593|The lamprey's mouth is especially suited for sucking fluids from the bodies of other fish.
1010594|Beirut Harbor is Lebanon's chief port facility.
1010595|Lee posed astride his famous horse, Traveller, which he rode throughout the Civil War.
1010596|A parasitic leech sucks human blood through a mouth centered in a disklike front sucker.
1010597|The ring-tailed lemur, one of the most common species, lives in the southwest part of Madagascar.
1010600|The Temple of Justice in Monrovia is one of Liberia's most modern buildings.
1010601|The Liberty Bell is a symbol of American independence.
1010602|Libraries play an important role in the work, education, and recreation of millions of people.
1010603|Young people listen to recordings in the audio-visual section of a library.
1010604|Music helps tell a story during a library story hour.
1010605|A library network helps librarians deal with the rapid growth of information in modern society.
1010606|A bookmobile is a buslike motor vehicle used to bring library materials to people who may not be able to visit a library.
1010607|Books written in Spanish are part of the collection of the library in a community that has a large Spanish-speaking population.
1010608|A rare-book collection is an example of the vast and valuable holdings of university libraries.
1010609|The collection of a special library may feature items other than books.
1010610|Vatican Library, in Vatican City, has one of the world's largest and most valuable collections of early manuscripts and books.
1010611|A clay tablet of the 600's B.C. lists literary works, probably for use in the Royal Library at Nineveh in Babylonia.
1010612|A monk in a scriptorium copies a manuscript by hand.
1010613|Arctic lichens cover much of the ground surface in the tundra.
1010614|Yellow map lichens rank among the oldest living things.
1010615|The beautiful lilac is popular throughout the world.
1010616|Lincoln's birthplace was a log cabin near Hodgenville, Ky.
1010617|Abraham Lincoln and Mary Todd were married in 1842.
1010618|The President's box at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C., was the site of his assassination by John Wilkes Booth.
1010619|A pride of lions moves across an open, grassy plain in Africa.
1010620|A lion's long, sharp teeth and huge paws are fearsome weapons.
1010623|Fairy tales have entertained children of different cultures for hundreds of years.
1010624|Fables are brief stories that teach a moral.
1010625|Fantasies--like The Wizard of Oz--include thrilling tales of imaginary lands.
1010626|A historical novel called Cezanne Pinto tells the story of an escaped slave who flees to Canada and eventually becomes a cowboy.
1010628|The New England Primer taught colonial American children the alphabet through crude illustrations and brief rhymes.
1010629|Mother Goose fairy tales, rhymes, and songs have charmed young children since the 1700's.
1010630|Great illustrators of the 1800's, including Randolph Caldecott, helped make pictures a major part of children's literature.
1010631|The first modern picture book was The Tale of Peter Rabbit, one of a series of animal stories written by Beatrix Potter.
1010636|The main clue to the Lost Colony was the word Croatoan carved on a tree.
1010637|The European lynx, like the other lynxes, is a large and powerfully built wild cat with tufted ears.
1010638|The Japanese macaque has brown fur and a short tail.
1010639|Dolley Madison, the President's wife, was famous for her hospitality.
1010640|Ferdinand Magellan
1010641|People of various ethnic groups live in Peninsular Malaysia.
1010642|Malcolm X
1010643|Timbuktu is now a small trading town in central Mali.
1010644|The manakin is a small bird found in the tropical forests of Central and South America.
1010645|Manatees feed on water plants.
1010646|The male mandrill has vivid coloring that helps make it one of the most unusual looking monkeys.
1010647|Edouard Manet completed Bar at the Folies Bergere in 1882.
1010648|Edouard Manet
1010649|Downtown Manila lies on both banks of the muddy Pasig River.
1010650|Marine biologists study marine life in its environment.
1010651|Thurgood Marshall
1010654|The marten, a member of the weasel family, usually builds its den in a hollow tree.
1010655|Karl Marx
1010656|Harvard University, in Cambridge, is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States.
1010657|Mount Greylock, the highest point in Massachusetts, rises 3,491 feet (1,064 meters) in the state's Western New England Upland region.
1010658|Henri Matisse was a famous French artist.
1010659|Portrait of Madame Matisse, painted in 1905, shows Matisse's emphasis on color, which is typical of the Fauve movement.
1010660|A Maya ballplayer wore thigh guards and a thick protective belt to compete in a sacred ball game.
1010661|A sculpture of the Maya corn god has ears of corn in its headdress.
1010662|Maya writing used symbols that represented entire ideas or combinations of sounds.
1010663|The Mayflower II, built as the original Mayflower is thought to have looked, made a 54-day voyage across the Atlantic Ocean in 1957.
1010664|Ida McKinley was an invalid when she became first lady.
1010665|The Great Mosque in Mecca is the center of worship for all Muslims.
1010682|Supreme Order of the Chrysanthemum
1010684|Providing medical care in developing countries requires overcoming great distances and a shortage of doctors.
1010685|Trephining involved cutting a hole in the skull, perhaps to release evil spirits.
1010686|The scientific study of anatomy began with Andreas Vesalius' book On the Structure of the Human Body.
1010687|Edward Jenner vaccinates a child.
1010688|Surgical advances by Ambroise Pare included sewing through pieces of cloth glued to the patient's skin instead of stitching through the skin itself.
1010689|Antiseptic surgery involved spraying surgical wounds with carbolic acid to prevent infection.
1010690|Ether anesthesia was first demonstrated publicly at Massachusetts General Hospital in 1846.
1010691|Anthrax germs were the first microorganisms identified as a cause of illness.
1010692|An early X-ray photograph by Wilhelm Roentgen shows his wife's left hand and wedding ring.
1010693|Cryosurgery, the use of extreme cold in surgery, was developed in the 1960's.
1010694|Penicillium mold, discovered by Alexander Fleming, is grown in laboratories to make penicillin.
1010696|A megalithic monument near Carnac, France, consists of single upright stones called menhirs arranged in rows called alignments.
1010697|Herman Melville
1010698|Memphis is Tennessee's largest city and chief center of commerce, industry, and transportation.
1010702|The Meteor Crater in Arizona lies between the towns of Flagstaff and Winslow.
1010703|The Willamette meteorite is the largest meteorite ever found in the United States.
1010704|The story of the Mexican Revolution is told in murals by David Siqueiros and other well-known Mexican artists.
1010705|The Mexican hat dance is a popular Mexican dance.
1010706|The Central Plateau has some of Mexico's richest farmland.
1010707|Tropical rain forests are found in the southern areas of the Gulf Coastal Plain and on the Yucatan Peninsula.
1010708|Mexico City landmarks include the towering Monument to Independence, honoring heroes of Mexico's independence movement.
1010709|The Palacio de Bellas Artes is a performance and exhibition center famous for the beauty of its architecture.
1010711|Robots weld car bodies at a manufacturing plant in Wixom.
1010712|Workers harvest cherries in an orchard in Leelanau County.
1010713|Downtown Milwaukee borders the western shore of Lake Michigan.
1010715|Mark Twain Museum and Home
1010716|Mobutu Sese Seko
1010717|A mole searches for earthworms and other food by digging tunnels with its sharp claws and powerful legs.
1010719|Flame scallop
1010721|Lined chiton
1010722|Monoplacophoran
1010723|Octopus
1010724|Tooth shell
1010725|Monet's Water Lilies was one of a series the artist painted near the end of his life, when he was almost blind.
1010726|An ancient Greek coin called a tetradrachm was issued during the 400's B.C.
1010727|Paper money was first used in China.
1010728|Playing-card money was used in Canada when it was a French colony during the 1600's and 1700's.
1010729|The oak-tree shilling was one of the first coins made in Massachusetts.
1010730|A $10 gold piece called an eagle was issued by the U.S. Mint from 1795 to 1933.
1010731|Continental currency was issued by the Continental Congress to help finance the Revolutionary War (1775-1783).
1010732|The Spanish dollar, or piece of eight, was another foreign coin that circulated in the new nation.
1010740|A mongoose prepares to eat a snake it has killed.
1010741|Elizabeth Kortright Monroe followed the President's wishes in observing strict social etiquette at the White House.
1010742|Virginia City
1010743|Monte Carlo is a luxurious resort on the Mediterranean coast.
1010744|Independence Plaza, foreground left, is an attractive park in the heart of Montevideo.
1010745|Montezuma II, left, was an Aztec emperor who ruled in Mexico from 1502 to 1520.
1010746|Mosses tend to grow in bunches, and they often form dense mats that cover large areas.
1010747|Mosses tend to grow in bunches, and they often form dense mats that cover large areas.
1010748|Mosses tend to grow in bunches, and they often form dense mats that cover large areas.
1010749|Sporophytes of hairy cap mosses rise high above the ground.
1010750|The Godfather was a dramatic account of two generations of a family in the United States who live by organized crime.
1010751|Great Serpent Mound, near Hillsboro, Ohio, was built by the Adena peoples.
1010752|Mount Everest, in the Himalaya range on the frontier of Tibet and Nepal, is the highest mountain in the world.
1010753|A mountain lion may reach a length of 5 feet (1.5 meters) or more, not counting its tail.
1010754|Hosni Mubarak
1010755|The mudpuppy is a type of salamander.
1010756|Robert Mugabe
1010757|Elijah Muhammad
1010758|The mule has long ears, a short mane, and a tail tipped with long hairs.
1010762|Edvard Munch's painting The Scream illustrates the feeling of anguish and inner torment that appears in many of his works.
1010763|Munich's New City Hall stands in the busy Marienplatz, a large square in the old section of the city.
1010764|The Black Crook is generally considered the first American musical comedy.
1010765|Oklahoma! began the age of the modern musical comedy in 1943.
1010766|Show Boat helped start a new era of musical comedy in 1927.
1010767|A muskrat lives near water and has a long tail.
1010768|Mussels have soft bodies protected by hard shells.
1010769|Benito Mussolini used dramatic poses.
1010770|The creation of life is the subject of many myths.
1010771|Osiris, Egyptian god of the afterlife, judged the souls of the dead.
1010772|The Greeks built the Trojan horse, hid several soldiers inside, and left it outside the walls of Troy.
1010773|The Muses were Greek goddesses of the arts and sciences.
1010774|Romulus and Remus were the mythical founders of Rome.
1010775|The fire goddess Pele was worshiped in many parts of Polynesia.
1010776|Fetish figures like this one of the Songe, a people of Zaire, are used to protect village property.
1010777|The Celtic god Cernunnos protected of horned animals.
1010779|Nazca lines include giant figures etched into the earth's surface by the Nazca people of ancient Peru.
1010780|Emperor Nero, who ruled Rome from A.D. 54 to 68, ordered the death of many Christians and several of his own relatives.
1010781|Gold mining ranks as Nevada's most valuable mining activity.
1010782|The Presidential House in New Delhi is the official residence of the president of India.
1010783|The Mount Washington Observatory stands on top of New Hampshire's highest peak.
1010784|Atlantic City is a world-famous New Jersey resort.
1010785|Princeton University, founded in 1746, is the fourth-oldest institution of higher learning in the United States.
1010786|A chemical plant in Bayonne is one of about 1,000 such facilities in New Jersey.
1010787|The George Washington Bridge spans the Hudson River from Fort Lee to New York City.
1010788|Albuquerque is New Mexico's largest city.
1010789|Charming old homes line streets in New Orleans' Garden District.
1010790|Preservation Hall is one of the many places in New Orleans where fans can still thrill to the sounds of old New Orleans-style jazz.
1010794|Lake Placid, a beautiful glacial lake, lies in the Adirondack Mountains of northeastern New York.
1010795|Manhattan's Central Park attracts many people on warm summer days.
1010796|The New York Stock Exchange, center, is at the corner of Wall and Broad streets, the heart of New York's Financial District.
1010799|New Zealand's beautiful countryside provides excellent grazing land for millions of sheep.
1010800|Downtown Auckland, like the business areas of other large New Zealand cities, has many modern high-rise office buildings.
1010801|The Nicaraguan countryside includes sharply rising mountains and grazing land for cattle and other livestock.
1010802|Managua is the capital, largest city, and chief commercial center of Nicaragua.
1010803|Nigerian Muslims dressed in traditional costumes prepare to take part in a horsemanship event at the end of a religious festival.
1010804|A typical village in rural Nigeria consists of clusters of homes much like these.
1010805|The nightingale is a small thrush known for its melancholy song.
1010806|Florence Nightingale introduced sanitary methods of nursing in wartime.
1010807|In a hospital in Scutari, Florence Nightingale attended to the needs of British soldiers wounded in the Crimean War.
1010808|The Blue Nile, one of the two main branches of the Nile, has carved out a deep valley in Ethiopia.
1010809|The Nile River irrigates large strips of farmland.
1010810|Pat Nixon, born Thelma Catharine Ryan, received her nickname because she was born on the eve of St. Patrick's Day.
1010811|The "kitchen debate" occurred in 1959, when Nixon and Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev toured a U.S. exhibit in Moscow and argued about differences in Soviet and American lifestyles.
1010812|Nixon left the White House on Aug. 9, 1974, and became the first President to resign.
1010813|Charlotte is the largest city in North Carolina.
1010814|The Biltmore Estate in Asheville
1010815|Lake Sakakawea was formed when engineers built Garrison Dam across the Missouri River.
1010816|A male nurse gives medication to a patient.
1010817|Most nurses work in hospitals, where they help comfort and care for people who are sick, injured, or recovering from surgery.
1010818|Operating room nurses assist surgeons during operations.
1010819|Oakland, California, lies on the eastern shore of San Francisco Bay, 3 miles (4.8 kilometers) across the bay from San Francisco.
1010820|The okapi is a relative of the giraffe.
1010822|Oklahoma City is the capital and largest city of Oklahoma.
1010823|Omaha is Nebraska's largest city and one of the world's leading food processing centers.
1010824|Barren wasteland covers much of Oman.
1010825|An Omani craftsman uses a potter's wheel to make pottery.
1010826|A mother opossum carries its young on its back.
1010829|A ouija board is used as a game or to supposedly exchange messages with the spirits of the dead.
1010830|Traditional ways of life are followed by many Pacific Islanders, especially villagers who earn little or no money.
1010831|Two main types of islands are found in the Pacific.
1010832|Producing copra, the dried meat of the coconut, is a main economic activity in the Pacific Islands.
1010834|Many rural villages in Pakistan look much as they did hundreds of years ago.
1010835|Government offices of Pakistan are located in Islamabad.
1010837|Coconut palms grow throughout tropical areas, mainly near seashores.
1010839|A street scene in Colon shows people of various races.
1010840|The Gatun Locks are chambers where the water level can be changed to raise or lower ships traveling through the Panama Canal.
1010841|Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea's capital and largest city, lies on the hot, humid coast of southeastern New Guinea.
1010842|The skyline of Asuncion, Paraguay's capital and largest city, consists of modern high-rises and traditional Spanish-style buildings.
1010843|Rural Paraguayans make up about half of the nation's population.
1010844|Black stem rust is a fungus that lives part of its life on barberry plants, shown, and part on wheat plants.
1010845|Mistletoe is a plant parasite that grows on trees.
1010846|Plasmodium vivax is one of the tiny parasites which cause malaria, a serious disease of human beings.
1010847|A tapeworm lives in intestines of people and animals.
1010848|The trichina worm lodges in the muscles of hogs and humans.
1010849|Paricutin is the most recently formed volcano in the Western Hemisphere.
1010850|George S. Patton, Jr.
1010851|The collared peccary has a coarse, blackish-gray coat.
1010852|Frances Perkins
1010853|Eva Peron
1010854|Juan Peron
1010855|Oliver Hazard Perry and his fleet of nine ships defeated the British in the Battle of Lake Erie during the War of 1812.
1010856|Weeks of bombing by allied aircraft left much of Baghdad, Iraq's capital, in ruins.
1010857|Oil wells burned out of control in Kuwait after retreating Iraqi troops set fire to hundreds of wells.
1010858|Workers in a fish-processing plant near Piura handle part of Peru's enormous annual catch of ocean fish.
1010859|The ruins of Machu Picchu, once a walled Inca city, stand near Cusco.
1010860|Ring-necked pheasants are popular game birds.
1010861|Male golden pheasants have bright yellow heads and brilliant red breasts.
1010863|Row houses are the most common type of housing in Philadelphia.
1010865|In northern Luzon, farmers grow crops on mountain terraces built more than 2,000 years ago by Malay immigrants.
1010866|Manila hemp, commonly called abaca, is grown in the Philippines.
1010869|Guernica is considered one of Picasso's masterpieces.
1010870|Pablo Picasso became a leading artist of the 1900's.
1010872|The American pika is a small, furry animal that lives among loose rock on mountainsides.
1010873|The northern pike is a large freshwater fish that is popular as a fighting game fish and also as a delicious food fish.
1010874|The Pilgrims walked to church in groups for protection.
1010875|A pillory locked the arms and head of a person between two wooden boards.
1010877|Plankton is made up of many types of organisms.
1010879|Sarah Childress Polk was a deeply religious, well-educated woman who assisted her husband throughout his career.
1010880|Mount Vesuvius looms in the background over the once-thriving city of Pompeii.
1010881|A pony express rider switches to a fresh mount and begins another step of his dangerous dash across the West.
1010882|The pope is the spiritual leader of millions of Roman Catholics throughout the world.
1010883|The pope's vestments for saying Mass include a white skullcap, a woolen collar called a pallium, and a sleeveless garment called a chasuble worn over a long white cassock.
1010884|The election of a pope is announced to the outside world by white smoke emerging from a chimney in Vatican City.
1010885|Innocent III was the most powerful of all medieval popes.
1010886|Saint Peter is considered the first pope.
1010887|Benedict XIV was admired for his high moral character and his support of religious and secular education.
1010888|Paul III was a Renaissance pope who helped begin the Catholic Reformation by calling the Council of Trent.
1010889|Pius XII was one of the most active popes in history, updating and revising many church practices and customs.
1010890|John Paul II, who was born in Poland, in 1978 became the first non-Italian pope since Adrian VI of the Netherlands.
1010891|John XXIII, a popular modern pope, called Vatican Council II, which reshaped much of church life.
1010892|Paul VI created much controversy with a 1968 encyclical that continued church teachings prohibiting birth control.
1010893|A porcupinefish has strong, sharp spines on its body.
1010894|Portland is the largest city in Oregon and one of the West Coast's chief ports.
1010895|The Portuguese man-of-war floats on the surface of warm oceans.
1010896|A possum feeds on the yellow blossoms of a tree.
1010897|The potto lives in the forests of western Africa.
1010899|Prairies are covered chiefly by tall grasses.
1010900|Prairie dogs keep a sharp lookout for their enemies.
1010901|An ultrasound examination uses sound waves to produce an image of the fetus on a computer screen.
1010909|The seal of the President of the United States includes an eagle holding arrows and an olive branch.
1010910|The President's office, an oval-shaped room called the Oval Office, is in the west wing of the White House.
1010911|Camp David is the official retreat of the President of the United States.
1010912|Elvis Presley rehearses for a 1956 appearance on Ed Sullivan's "The Toast of the Town" TV show.
1010913|The prickly pear has pear-shaped fruit that is good to eat.
1010914|A male pronghorn has branchlike horns with hard, black coverings.
1010917|A ciliate has many hairlike cilia.
1010918|A flagellate has one or more whiplike flagella.
1010919|Sarcodines include the amebalike protozoans.
1010920|An apicomplexan moves by gliding.
1010921|A Pueblo village of today looks much like the Pueblo towns of centuries ago.
1010923|The Cordillera Central, a mountain range, stretches across south-central Puerto Rico.
1010924|Traditional wood figures, called santos, are carved by craftworkers known as santeros.
1010925|The University of Puerto Rico, founded in 1903, has a beautifully ornamented administration building on the campus at Rio Piedras.
1010926|Pineapple harvesters pick pineapples and then put them on a conveyor belt that carries the fruit to a truck.
1010927|Juan Ponce de Leon, a Spanish explorer, sailed to Puerto Rico in 1508 and established the first European settlement there.
1010928|Horned puffins spend the summer on the Pacific coasts of Alaska and Russia, where they raise their young.
1010929|Pygmy dancers perform in a small clearing carved out of the dense jungle.
1010930|Muammar al-Qadhafi
1010931|The mountain quail lives in the mountains of the Pacific Coast States, southwestern Canada, and northwestern New Mexico.
1010932|Sir Walter Raleigh tried to establish an English colony in North America.
1010933|Statues of Ramses II guarded the Abu Simbel temple near the Nile for more than 3,000 years.
1010934|Reading aloud to a child is an enjoyable activity for both the adult and the youngster.
1010935|Reading disabilities require special teaching methods.
1010936|Eliminating illiteracy is an important part of the educational program of developing nations.
1010937|A popular movie actor, Reagan appeared in more than 50 feature films from 1937 to 1964.
1010938|Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev signed a treaty in 1987 that led to reductions of U.S. and Soviet nuclear arms.
1010939|Reagan and his wife, Nancy, liked to spend time at their ranch near Santa Barbara, Calif.
1010940|Red Cloud
1010941|The massive trunk of a redwood dwarfs a curious sightseer.
1010942|The Augsburg Confession summarized the religious teachings of Martin Luther.
1010943|The sale of indulgences caused Martin Luther to attack the church.
1010944|Buddha preached that people can gain nirvana, or salvation, by freeing themselves from worldly attachments and desires.
1010945|Hindus bathe in the Ganges River at Varanasi, India.
1010946|Prehistoric people performed religious ceremonies to ensure a sufficient food supply.
1010947|The Ten Commandments contain the basic laws of Judaism and Christianity.
1010948|Confucius' birthday is a holiday in Taiwan.
1010950|A Shinto festival attracts thousands of believers to the Meiji shrine in Tokyo.
1010951|A Muslim reads the Koran at a temple in Mecca, the holiest city of Islam.
1010952|Charismatic Christianity became a flourishing movement in the 1900's.
1010955|Rembrandt's etching The Ratkiller was completed in 1632, the year he established his reputation as a leading artist in the Netherlands.
1010956|Lorenzo de' Medici was the political and cultural leader of Florence when the city was the center of the Italian Renaissance in the 1400's.
1010957|The ruling families of the Italian city-states strongly supported the Renaissance.
1010958|Donatello's David was the first large free-standing nude since classical antiquity.
1010959|The Pazzi Chapel in Florence, Italy, was one of the first buildings designed in the Renaissance style.
1010960|The drawings of Leonardo da Vinci reveal the inquiring mind of perhaps the greatest intellect of the Renaissance.
1010961|Raphael's School of Athens portrays an imaginary gathering of ancient Greek philosophers and scientists, including the mathematician Euclid, bending forward, foreground.
1010962|Mythological subjects were popular with Italian artists.
1010963|A northern Renaissance painting by the Flemish artist Jan van Eyck emphasizes lighting, perspective, and details.
1010964|Pierre Auguste Renoir, a master of impressionist painting, became famous for his luminous colors and cheerful scenes of everyday life.
1010966|Paul Revere was a noted American craftsman who won fame for his patriotic activities at the time of the Revolutionary War.
1010967|The flintlock musket was the chief firearm of the Revolutionary War.
1010968|The Battle of Princeton, which took place on Jan. 3, 1777, resulted in a brilliant victory for the Americans.
1010970|A naval battle between the Bonhomme Richard, commanded by John Paul Jones, and the British warship Serapis took place off the coast of England in September 1779.
1010973|Paul Robeson
1010974|The Rocky Mountains are famous for their majestic peaks and other beautiful scenery.
1010975|Will Rogers
1010976|Eleanor Roosevelt
1010977|The Roosevelt family posed for this photograph in 1919.
1010978|Fireside chats" became a regular feature of Roosevelt's presidency.
1010979|During the war, Roosevelt traveled overseas several times to confer with Allied leaders.
1010980|Edith Kermit Carow had known Roosevelt since childhood.
1010981|The Rough Riders, a regiment led by Roosevelt, became nationally famous for their role in helping to win the Battle of San Juan Hill in the Spanish-American War.
1010982|The Rosetta stone is a fragment of a black basalt tablet covered with ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics.
1010984|The red, white, and blue in the flag of San Antonio, left, represent the United States and Texas, which use these colors in their flags.
1010987|The city flag was adopted in 1940, and the seal in 1914.
1010988|San Jose has many modern buildings.
1010989|The city's flag and seal were adopted in 1979.
1010990|George Sand
1010991|A sand dollar has a thin, circular body.
1010992|Carl Sandburg
1010993|Sapsucker
1010994|Regina, Saskatchewan
1010995|Venus of Willendorf Willendorf, Austria, 30,000-25,000 B.C.
1010996|Lion fighting a bull Relief from the stairway to the Audience Hall of Darius I at Persepolis.
1011000|The city's flag, left, and seal, right, bear the image of Chief Sealth, the Salish Indian leader for whom the city was named.
1011001|Sequoyah invented a system of writing suitable to the Cherokee language.
1011002|The oceanic whitetip shark has a graceful, torpedolike body.
1011003|William T. Sherman
1011006|The Siberian husky is an alert, powerful dog.
1011007|The city of Singapore, which is built around its harbor, is the busiest port in Southeast Asia.
1011008|Sitting Bull
1011009|Slaves who picked cotton on plantations in the United States during the 1800's usually worked from sunrise to sunset.
1011010|The sloth uses its claws to hang from branches.
1011011|The sloth bear has shaggy black fur and a gray, almost hairless face.
1011012|A slug is a kind of snail that moves by sliding on a thin coating of slime.
1011013|The Rough Rider regiment won fame for its charge up Kettle Hill in Cuba in 1898.
1011015|A sparrowhawk preys on sparrows and other small birds.
1011016|The Spirit of '76 shows two drummers and a fife player leading American troops during a Revolutionary War battle.
1011017|The spoonbill is a wading bird that swings its spoon-shaped bill from side to side in the water in search of food.
1011018|Sri Lankans harvest tea, which is one of the nation's leading products.
1011019|Colombo is Sri Lanka's capital.
1011020|Elizabeth Cady Stanton
1011021|The Star-Spangled Banner, the flag that inspired Francis Scott Key to write the U.S. national anthem, hangs in the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of American History in Washington, D.C.
1011022|The underside of a starfish has many slender tubes called tube feet.
1011023|The Statue of Liberty, a symbol of the United States and a beacon of freedom for immigrants, stands on Liberty Island in New York Harbor.
1011024|Robert Louis Stevenson
1011025|Robert Louis Stevenson settled with his family near Apia on Upolu, one of the Samoan islands in the South Seas.
1011026|Lucy Stone
1011029|Sunfish seem to shimmer in reflected light.
1011030|The large, beautiful sunflower is raised by farmers in many parts of the world.
1011034|Clarence Thomas
1011039|Stephen G. Breyer
1011043|Swifts usually roost on vertical surfaces, clinging with sharp toenails and using the tail as a prop.
1011044|A swift called the blue spiny lizard has bright blue markings on its upper body.
1011045|Downtown Sydney borders Sydney Harbour.
1011046|The Syrian countryside consists of rolling plains, fertile valleys, and barren deserts.
1011047|Damascus is Syria's capital and largest city.
1011048|Ruins of Palmyra stand in central Syria.
1011049|Helen Herron Taft was an intelligent and ambitious woman who urged her husband to seek the presidency.
1011050|The takin is a large hoofed mammal that resembles a musk ox.
1011051|Lion tamarins have long, golden-orange hair.
1011052|Farmers transplant rice, above, near a lake in central Tanzania.
1011053|The Palace of Wonders on Zanzibar was home to many Arab sultans (rulers).
1011054|The tapir resembles a pig but actually is related to the horse and rhinoceros.
1011055|The tarsier is a small Southwest Pacific animal with large eyes.
1011056|The Tasmanian tiger, which most scientists believe is extinct, had stripes along its back like those of a tiger.
1011057|Mary Elizabeth Bliss, the Taylors' youngest daughter, served as White House hostess.
1011058|Tecumseh was an Indian leader who fought to defend Indian lands against invasion by white people.
1011059|Mother Teresa
1011060|The queen termite is a fully developed female whose sole job is to mate and reproduce.
1011061|The soldier termite's job is to defend the colony against attack.
1011062|The worker termite gathers food and cares for the young termites after they hatch.
1011063|The Lyndon Baines Johnson Library is located on the campus of the University of Texas in Austin.
1011064|The Texas Rangers roamed the frontier during the 1800's tracking murderers, train robbers, and other outlaws.
1011066|The tortoise has stumpy, clublike legs and feet.
1011067|Totem poles, such as the ones pictured here, were wood carvings made by the Indians of the Northwest Coast.
1011068|The red-crested touraco and many other forest species of touracos have brightly colored feathers and long tails.
1011069|Toussaint L'Ouverture
1011070|Fossil of a trilobite
1011071|The fall of Troy was made famous in legends.
1011072|The site of Troy has the remains of nine successive cities.
1011073|Truman won an upset victory in 1948.
1011074|Truman's wife and daughter were known as "the bosses.
1011075|Sojourner Truth
1011076|The tuatara is a reptile found only on a few small islands off the New Zealand coast.
1011077|Harriet Tubman
1011078|Tucson is an important commercial, mining, and research center in southern Arizona.
1011079|Tulips are colorful garden flowers that bloom in the spring.
1011080|Tulsa is Oklahoma's chief manufacturing center.
1011081|Remote mountain valleys are common in Asian Turkey.
1011082|A crowded street along the Istanbul waterfront reflects the rapid growth of Turkish cities since the 1940's.
1011083|Islamic rituals, such as group prayer, play an important part in the daily life of most Turks.
1011084|The Kurds of Turkey make up the nation's largest minority group.
1011085|Kemal Ataturk founded the Republic of Turkey in 1923 and was its first president.
1011086|The green turtle dwells in the sea.
1011087|The leopard tortoise lives on land.
1011090|All turtles lay their eggs on land.
1011091|A box turtle is well protected by its shell.
1011092|The common snapping turtle has a small shell in relation to the rest of its body.
1011093|A soft-shelled turtle has a round, flat shell covered by leathery skin.
1011094|The Galapagos tortoise ranks as one of the largest land turtles.
1011095|Julia Gardiner Tyler was 24 years old when she married the widowed President in New York City.
1011096|Uncle Sam has appeared in several forms in different periods of United States history.
1011097|United Nations headquarters consists of several buildings along the East River in New York City.
1011098|he United Nations flag has a map of the world surrounded by a reath of olive branches.
1011100|The Supreme Court Building is where Supreme Court justices meet to interpret the laws that govern the nation.
1011101|Early colonists worked to maintain good relations with the Indians.
1011102|The Revolutionary War began on April 19, 1775, on the village green in Lexington, Mass., left.
1011104|The National Road was a transportation route in early America.
1011105|Eastern Indians were forced to move to territory west of the Mississippi River during the Expansion Era as whites took over their land.
1011108|The Progressive Era was marked by widespread demands for reform.
1011109|World War I marked the first time the United States had fought a full-scale war on foreign territory.
1011110|Automobile ownership soared in the 1920's.
1011111|The Dust Bowl spread across the Great Plains and the Southwest during the depression, destroying much farmland.
1011112|American planes dropped atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945.
1011113|A civil rights law banning compulsory school segregation led to a dramatic incident in 1957.
1011114|Suburban housing developments sprang up around American cities after World War II.
1011115|The Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Arlington, Va., honors members of the United States armed forces who have given their lives in war.
1011116|Monument Valley, in southeastern Utah, has striking formations of red sandstone that rise as high as 1,000 feet (300 meters) above the valley floor.
1011117|A sheep rancher tends his flock on the dry plains of southeastern Utah.
1011118|Modern valentines include both humorous and romantic cards.
1011119|The oldest American valentine is a handmade card from the early 1700's.
1011120|Valentines by Kate Greenaway, a British artist, showed garden scenes.
1011121|Angelica Singleton Van Buren, the widowed President's daughter-in-law, served as his White House hostess.
1011122|Van Gogh painted this self-portrait in 1888.
1011123|Vanilla plants yield pods that are gathered when they are yellow-green.
1011124|Venus's-flytrap
1011125|The Battle of Bennington, on Aug. 16, 1777, was a major Revolutionary War victory for American forces.
1011126|Jules Verne
1011127|Amerigo Vespucci
1011128|Seal of the Vice President of the United States
1011130|The vicuna lives in the Andes Mountains of South America.
1011131|Vienna, the capital of Austria, is a leading cultural center of Europe.
1011132|Vietnamese children stand outside a village house in southern Vietnam.
1011133|The marketplaces of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam's largest city, are crowded with peddlers.
1011134|Antiwar demonstrations took place throughout the United States in the late 1960's and early 1970's.
1011135|Pancho Villa, right, and Alvaro Obregon are shown at a meeting near El Paso, Tex., in 1914.
1011136|Virginia Beach has many sandy ocean beaches.
1011137|A computerized voting system uses a computer card.
1011138|Bombs burst in the air over Fort McHenry in 1814 during a British attack on the Baltimore area.
1011139|The Battle of New Orleans was fought 15 days after the United States and Great Britain had signed a peace settlement.
1011140|The wart hog is named for the "warts" on its head.
1011141|The Jefferson Memorial, located on the National Mall, stands in a beautiful setting among Japanese cherry trees at the edge of the Tidal Basin.
1011142|The majestic Lincoln Memorial has a famous statue of Lincoln inside.
1011143|The towering Washington Monument ranks as the tallest structure in Washington, D.C.
1011144|The Marine Corps War Memorial shows servicemen raising the American flag on Iwo Jima during World War II.
1011145|Pierre L'Enfant's plan for Washington showed the location of the Capitol, White House, and Mall.
1011148|Washington's estate at Mount Vernon included an impressive mansion overlooking the Potomac River, and about 7,600 acres (3,075 hectares) of farmland and forests.
1011149|Winter at Valley Forge was a period of great suffering for the Continental Army.
1011152|Martha Washington handled her duties as first lady with grace and dignity, though she said she felt like a "state prisoner" in the role.
1011153|A water flea is a tiny shellfish with a transparent body covering.
1011154|Water lilies grow in clear, shallow water in temperate and hot climates.
1011155|Victoria Falls
1011157|Mad Anthony" Wayne led American troops against a confederation of Indian tribes in Ohio at the Battle of Fallen Timbers in 1794.
1011158|A weasel is a small furry animal with a slender body and short legs.
1011159|Daniel Webster, right, opposed Senator Robert Y. Hayne in a famous Senate debate in 1830 over states' rights.
1011160|Downtown Charleston lies along the banks of the Kanawha River.
1011161|Covered wagons carried thousands of pioneers westward across the United States.
1011162|Indians signed the Treaty of Greenville in 1795, opening up parts of Ohio and Indiana to pioneer settlement.
1011165|Toothed whales use their teeth only to capture prey, not to chew it.
1011166|Scientists examine a beached whale that died after stranding itself ashore.
1011167|A whippoorwill has spotted brown feathers that blend with its woodland habitat and help protect the bird from enemies.
1011168|Oscar Wilde
1011169|Tennessee Williams
1011170|A blacksmith shop is one of several colonial craft shops in Williamsburg.
1011171|Duke of Gloucester Street is lined with restored homes and shops that show how Williamsburg looked during the 1700's.
1011172|Wilson's second wife was Edith Bolling Galt, a widow whom he married in December 1915, 16 months after the death of his first wife.
1011173|The "Big Four" Allied leaders gathered at the peace conference.
1011174|The Winnipeg Art Gallery helps make the city one of the leading cultural centers of Canada.
1011175|The wolverine lives in North America, northern Europe, and Asia.
1011176|Wombats are stocky, burrowing animals of Australia.
1011177|The woodchuck, also known as the ground hog, lives in Canada and the Eastern and Midwestern United States.
1011178|The civilization of ancient Egypt began to develop in the Nile River Valley about 3100 B.C.
1011179|A stone seal from the Indus Valley civilization has a carved figure of an animal and some writing.
1011180|A bronze ceremonial vessel shows the skill of an ancient Chinese artist.
1011181|An ancient Greek dish portrays the god Apollo, patron of musicians and poets and the ideal of manly beauty.
1011182|Assyrian King Ashurbanipal and his queen are shown feasting in the royal garden on this stone carving.
1011183|A famous Roman aqueduct, the Pont du Gard near Nimes, France, stands as a reminder of one of the world's greatest empires.
1011184|Constantine the Great was the first Roman emperor to become a Christian.
1011186|Between 300 and 1500, new civilizations appeared in Africa and the Americas.
1011187|The Basilica of St. Mark in Venice, Italy, is one of the outstanding examples of Byzantine architecture in western Europe.
1011188|Medieval monks like this one copied many valuable manuscripts written by ancient Greek and Roman scholars.
1011189|A Muslim pharmacist is shown preparing a drug in an illustration from a medical book of the 1200's.
1011190|Rival Japanese clans fought for control of the country's government during the 1100's.
1011191|The Sankore Mosque in Timbuktu, Mali, became an important Islamic house of worship in the Mali Empire.
1011192|People of the Renaissance developed bold new ideas that led to major achievements in architecture, painting, sculpture, and literature in western Europe from the 1300's through the 1500's.
1011193|The study of the body led to important medical discoveries in Europe during the 1600's.
1011194|The French Revolution began on July 14, 1789, with an attack on the Bastille.
1011195|Smoking factory chimneys signaled the start of the Industrial Revolution in Europe during the 1700's.
1011197|Rejection of Communism swept across the Soviet Union in August 1991.
1011198|Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary, far right, was shot to death on June 28, 1914, shortly after this photo was taken.
1011199|Gas masks were worn by soldiers on the Western Front for protection against poisonous fumes.
1011200|Military aviators played an important role in World War I.
1011201|Cheering the end of World War I, a joyful crowd streamed through the streets of a French town on Nov. 11, 1918.
1011202|Members of the Nazi Party marched in a rally in Nuremberg, Germany, in 1938.
1011203|The evacuation of Dunkerque rescued about 338,000 Allied soldiers in 1940.
1011204|Germany's blitzkrieg (lightning war) overran Poland at the outbreak of World War II.
1011205|The bombing of London, called the Blitz, began in September 1940 and caused much ruin.
1011206|In the Soviet Union, winter weather and the determination of the army and the people slowed the German advance.
1011207|The Big Three set overall Allied strategy.
1011208|The air war against Germany was aimed at destroying its ability to keep on fighting.
1011209|Hitting the beach, Allied infantrymen swarmed ashore along the Normandy coast of northern France on D-Day--June 6, 1944.
1011210|Wild with joy, Parisians welcomed Allied troops as they rode down the Champs Elysees on Aug. 26, 1944.
1011211|Survivors of a Nazi death camp--some too weak to stand--provided proof of Nazi savagery.
1011212|American soldiers in the Philippines had to march to prison camps after they were captured by the Japanese in April 1942.
1011213|Hugging the ground to avoid enemy gunfire, U.S. marines crawled over the sandy shores of Tarawa in the Gilbert Islands in November 1943.
1011214|An attack by a Japanese kamikaze (suicide pilot) set this aircraft carrier aflame.
1011215|Supplies poured ashore on Iwo Jima after U.S. marines secured beaches on the Japanese island in February 1945.
1011216|An atomic blast demolished the center of Hiroshima, Japan, on Aug. 6, 1945.
1011217|Japan's surrender on Sept. 2, 1945, ended World War II.
1011218|A U.S. government poster reminded Americans of the event that plunged them into war--Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor.
1011219|Rosie the Riveter" became the humorous yet respectful name for the millions of American women who worked in defense plants during the war.
1011220|The wartime confinement of Japanese Americans in relocation camps was a denial of their rights.
1011221|The human suffering caused by World War II was enormous.
1011222|Frank Lloyd Wright
1011223|Orville Wright
1011224|Wilbur Wright
1011225|The yak of Asia is a relative of the American bison.
1011226|The gently flowing waters of Minerva Terrace deposit minerals that build up large rock terraces, one above the other.
1011227|Yellowstone Lake, left, is the largest high-altitude lake in North America.
1011228|Aden has many streets lined with traditional Arab-style buildings.
1011229|Upper and Lower Yosemite Falls are a scenic attraction in Yosemite National Park.
1011231|Crispus Attucks, center, was a leader of the patriot mob that was fired upon by British troops in the Boston Massacre of 1770.
1011232|Dress uniforms for Air Force enlisted personnel are shown here.
1011235|Rock formations in the Badlands
1011237|Appomattox Court House in Virginia was the site of Robert E. Lee's surrender to Ulysses S. Grant in 1865, ending the Civil War.
1011239|Arlington National Cemetery contains the graves of thousands of men and women who served in the U.S. armed forces.
1011240|Louis Armstrong
1011241|Neil A. Armstrong
1011246|Field artillery like this howitzer support infantry and armored forces.
1011247|Hawk missiles can attack aircraft flying as low as 100 feet (30 meters).
1011248|The Parliament Building is the center of the Greek government.
1011251|Elfego Baca
1011252|Bahamian craftworkers make colorful straw items to sell to the many tourists who vacation in the Bahamas.
1011254|Judge Roy Bean, a justice of the peace, held court in his Texas saloon.
1011256|Otto von Bismarck
1011257|Black Hawk, a Sauk Indian chief, led Sauk and Fox Indians against whites in the Black Hawk War in 1832.
1011258|The Blue Ridge Parkway in North Carolina is a scenic vacation area in the Blue Ridge Mountains.
1011266|Bascule bridge
1011269|Vertical lift bridge
1011270|Logs entering a pulp mill in Nanaimo
1011271|William Jennings Bryan
1011272|Budapest, the capital and largest city of Hungary, lies on both banks of the Danube River.
1011275|Ambrose Burnside
1011276|Calgary is Alberta's largest city and the center of Canada's oil industry.
1011277|The city seal of Calgary shows the city's symbols--the Rockies, a buffalo, a horse, and a steer.
1011284|The Assembly Room of the Pennsylvania State House, where regular sessions of the Constitutional Convention of 1787 were held, is shown as it looks today.
1011286|A crusader's fortress, the Krak de Chevaliers, was powerfully built to withstand Muslim attacks.
1011289|Shasta Dam in California creates a huge reservoir on the Sacramento River.
1011290|The Feitsui Dam in Taiwan is a large concrete arch dam.
1011291|Fort Peck Dam is one of the largest earth-fill dams in the world.
1011294|Granite, an igneous rock, is formed mainly by the slow cooling of molten rock from deep inside the crust.
1011295|Shale, a sedimentary rock, forms when clay is compressed into thin, hard layers.
1011296|Gneiss and other metamorphic rocks result when igneous and sedimentary rocks are changed by heat and pressure.
1011298|Lichens help to form soil.
1011299|Glacial erosion gouges valleys and flattens the landscape.
1011300|Mass movement often occurs suddenly, as in this mud slide in Los Angeles.
1011301|Wind erosion sculpted Delicate Arch in Utah from a wall of ancient sandstone.
1011302|A mountain of Precambrian rock rises in the harbor of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
1011303|Paleozoic sandstones make up part of the rock formations in Monument Valley, Utah.
1011304|A block of Mesozoic limestone, the Rock of Gibraltar, formed below the ocean.
1011305|Pleistocene glaciers cut valleys through mountains along the coast of Norway.
1011308|A printing telegraph for stockbrokers was one of Edison's first inventions and one of many he made in telegraphy.
1011310|Edison's phonograph, perhaps his favorite invention, played sounds recorded on a cylinder covered with tinfoil.
1011312|Edison's first incandescent electric light was perhaps his most important invention.
1011319|An English country cottage has a garden in full bloom.
1011320|The white cliffs of Dover rise on the southeastern coast of England.
1011321|The Battle of Hastings in 1066, pictured on the Bayeux Tapestry, ended with the defeat of the English by the Normans.
1011327|Mont-St.-Michel is a large rock that juts from the waters off the coast of Lower Normandy.
1011328|Apartment buildings, such as these in Lyon, are home to many French city dwellers.
1011329|Villages set amid well-tended fields typify much of rural France.
1011330|The Tour de France is the greatest national sporting event in France.
1011331|Castles called chateaux were the high point of French Renaissance architecture.
1011332|Sculptor Auguste Rodin created many expressive figures.
1011333|The cliffs of Normandy rise along the English Channel, in the Brittany-Normandy Hills of northwestern France.
1011334|Charlemagne was the most famous ruler of the Middle Ages.
1011335|The storming of the Bastille on July 14, 1789, was an early event in the French Revolution.
1011336|Anne Frank
1011337|The death of Marat spurred on the Reign of Terror.
1011338|The spiral galaxy in the constellation Cepheus resembles a pinwheel.
1011346|Drawing glass is the method used to shape flat glass and glass tubing.
1011347|Copper-wheel engraving can produce ornate three-dimensional designs in glass.
1011348|Lampworking involves heating finished glass and reshaping it by hand.
1011354|Hiroshima's Peace Memorial Park honors the victims of the first atomic bomb used in war.
1011355|Paul von Hindenburg, the president of Germany, named Hitler chancellor (prime minister) on Jan. 30, 1933.
1011356|Nazi rallies featured thousands of troops and deeply impressed the German people.
1011357|During the Holocaust, millions of Jews were forced to leave their homes and were imprisoned in concentration camps.
1011366|Queen Isabella I of Spain supported Christopher Columbus in his plan to find a short sea route to the Indies.
1011369|Low-rise, concrete apartment buildings in Florence typify the housing in Italian cities.
1011370|The Alps form a towering wall across northern Italy.
1011374|Nikita S. Khrushchev
1011377|Volcanic lakes form when water collects in the craters of extinct volcanoes.
1011384|The Leaning Tower of Pisa was built as a bell tower for the Pisa Cathedral, left.
1011396|West Quoddy Lighthouse in Lubec, Me., is noted for its stripes.
1011397|Boston Lighthouse, first lit in 1716, was the first lighthouse in America.
1011398|Lightning is caused by the movement of positive and negative electrical charges toward one another.
1011410|A magnetic field can be shown as imaginary lines that flow out of the north pole and into the south pole of a magnet.
1011413|A polar bear roams in the Hudson Bay Lowland, a flat, treeless region that extends about 100 miles (160 kilometers) inland from Hudson Bay.
1011421|The windblown plains of Mars are covered by red sand dunes and jagged rocks.
1011424|The Salem Witchcraft Trials, held in 1692, resulted in the execution of 19 people, both men and women, who were convicted as witches.
1011425|A statue of Massasoit by the American sculptor Cyrus Dallin stands on a Pilgrim burial ground in Plymouth, Mass.
1011433|Life in the Middle Ages centered around control of the land.
1011435|Building a medieval stone wall required great engineering skill.
1011437|Chalcopyrite
1011438|Copper
1011439|Galena
1011440|Gold
1011441|Graphite
1011442|Magnetite
1011443|Pyrite
1011446|Silver
1011449|Azurite
1011450|Calcite
1011451|Fluorite
1011452|Gypsum
1011453|Kyanite
1011454|Malachite
1011455|Muscovite
1011456|Potassium feldspar
1011457|Quartz
1011459|Talc
1011460|A mockingbird feeds its young insects and seeds.
1011465|The first gasoline-powered motorcycle was invented in 1885 by Gottlieb Daimler, a German engineer.
1011478|Oslo, Norway's capital and largest city, is home to almost 1 of 8 Norwegians.
1011479|Norwegian fishermen process a catch of fish.
1011480|Hydroelectric plants, such as the Alta River dam, shown, harness the energy of Norway's many swiftly flowing rivers.
1011481|Norwegian Vikings sailed long wooden ships--like this one preserved in an Oslo museum--in raids in along the coast of western Europe.
1011482|Kilauea, on the island of Hawaii, is one of the most spectacular volcanoes in the Pacific Islands.
1011483|Thomas Paine voiced the American colonists' demands for freedom with his famous pamphlet Common Sense.
1011487|The Eiffel Tower rises 984 feet (300 meters) in the Champ de Mars, a popular park.
1011492|A huge poster in the city of Wroclaw serves as an advertisement for the National Bank of Poland.
1011493|Roman Catholicism has a strong influence on the life of most Poles.
1011494|Gently rolling hills cover much of southern Poland.
1011495|A political rally in the city of Gdynia showed support for Solidarity candidates in the 1989 elections.
1011498|The Battle of Bunker Hill (1775), actually fought on Breed's Hill, was the first major battle of the Revolutionary War.
1011500|Basalt
1011503|Flint
1011507|Limestone
1011510|Quartzite
1011512|Pumice
1011513|Sandstone
1011516|Slate
1011518|The Roman Forum was the center of Roman government.
1011519|A male ruffed grouse beats the air with its wings, making a drumming sound that can be heard far away.
1011521|A luxurious palace built during the 1700's still stands in Petrodvorets, a suburb of St. Petersburg.
1011522|Salt crystals form nearly perfect cubes.
1011523|A distinct surface fracture can be seen in this segment of the San Andreas Fault.
1011524|Cree Indians joined the famous 1885 rebellion led by Louis Riel against the Canadian government.
1011531|Unique Forms of Continuity in Space by Umberto Boccioni 1913.
1011532|A bison with turned head From the cave of La Madeleine in the Dordogne Valley, France, about 9000 B.C.
1011533|Cycladic marble figurine Cyclades Islands, Greece, about 3000 B.C.
1011555|Statue of a seated boxer Greece, about 100-70 B.C.
1011556|Portrait of Lucius Verus Rome, A.D. 100's.
1011566|Orpheus by Auguste Rodin France, 1892.
1011570|Bird in Space by Constantin Brancusi 1940.
1011574|Woman with Suitcases by Duane Hanson 1973.
1011577|1981.
1011579|Chang and Eng were famous Siamese twins joined at the rib-cage.
1011580|Novosibirsk is Siberia's biggest city and one of the largest in Russia.
1011581|The town of Taormina, Sicily, lies among the hills near Mount Etna, a snow-capped volcano, background.
1011582|Factory workers sort cocoons before beginning the process of reeling (unwinding) the long delicate threads.
1011587|Badlands National Park
1011589|The Basques of northern Spain are one of the nation's many regional population groups.
1011590|The flamenco is one of the many lively Spanish folk dances.
1011592|Francisco Franco was dictator of Spain from 1939 until his death in 1975.
1011593|These three stamps were used by the British government under the Stamp Act it imposed upon the American colonies.
1011597|Ticino, the southernmost Swiss canton, is the warmest part of the country.
1011599|Switzerland's watchmaking industry is world famous.
1011604|A brown thrasher looks after its young.
1011605|Toronto's city seal bears the city's coat of arms.
1011610|Vancouver's coat of arms, adopted in 1969, includes a lumberman and a fisherman.
1011613|Nathaniel Bacon, right, led a rebellion against Virginia governor William Berkeley, left, in 1676.
1011614|Victoria C. Woodhull
1011619|Slave makers raid the nests of other ants and carry off the pupae, shown.
1011623|Bela Bartok
1011624|Count Basie
1011626|A bellbird produces an unusually loud call.
1011627|The bobolink nests in North America and flies to South America for the winter.
1011628|The bulbul is a tropical songbird.
1011629|A dromedary can be bred and trained for riding and racing.
1011630|A camel's thick eyebrows help shade its eyes from the sun.
1011631|The male canvasback has a reddish-brown head and a black breast.
1011632|Ray Charles
1011633|The whooping crane is the tallest bird of North America.
1011634|Claude Debussy
1011635|Dickcissels are small birds that live in grasslands and alfalfa fields in the central part of the United States.
1011636|Bob Dylan
1011637|A charging elephant may make itself look especially dangerous by sticking its ears straight out.
1011638|The colorful arrow poison frog grows from 1 to 2 inches (2.5 to 5 centimeters) long.
1011639|The spotted, brownish-green leopard frog measures from 2 to 3 1/2 inches (5 to 9 centimeters) long.
1011640|A frog's sticky tongue is used to capture prey.
1011641|In water, a frog uses its strong hind legs for swimming.
1011642|George Gershwin
1011643|W. C. Handy
1011644|Green-backed herons build nests of sticks in trees or tall shrubs.
1011646|Billie Holiday
1011647|Woody Herman was a popular bandleader for more than 40 years.
1011648|John Lennon
1011649|A male linnet feeds its hungry young.
1011651|Red-breasted nuthatch
1011652|Oilbirds dwell in caves in tropical regions of northern South America.
1011653|Elaborate scenery and colorful crowd scenes add excitement to many operas.
1011654|The Barber of Seville by Gioacchino Rossini is one of the most popular comic operas.
1011655|Boris Godunov by Modest Mussorgsky is a psychological tragedy based on events in Russian history.
1011656|Carmen by Georges Bizet describes the love affairs of a beautiful Gypsy.
1011657|Don Giovanni by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart has been praised as the greatest opera ever composed.
1011658|Madama Butterfly by Giacomo Puccini describes a tragic romance between Cio-cio-san, a young Japanese woman, and B. F. Pinkerton, an American naval officer.
1011659|Pagliacci by Ruggiero Leoncavallo is a tragedy about a company of traveling actors who stop in an Italian village to give a performance.
1011660|The Magic Flute by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is a fairy-tale opera.
1011661|Der Rosenkavalier by Richard Strauss portrays life among the aristocracy in Vienna during the 1700's.
1011662|Salome by Richard Strauss is a passionate and violent opera that takes place in Palestine at the time of Christ.
1011663|La Traviata by Giuseppe Verdi describes a tragic love affair between Alfredo and Violetta in France during the mid-1800's.
1011664|La Boheme by Giacomo Puccini deals with a love affair between Rodolfo, a poet, and Mimi, a young seamstress in failing health.
1011665|Barn owl
1011666|A petrified log forms a natural bridge at Petrified Forest National Park in northern Arizona.
1011667|Pine siskin
1011669|Rock music's energetic style is captured by Mick Jagger, left, and Ron Wood, right, of the Rolling Stones.
1011670|The 1969 Woodstock Music and Arts Festival was a huge rock concert that celebrated the "hippie" culture.
1011671|Robert Schumann
1011672|Shoebill
1011673|The snow bunting has a snowy white head and breast.
1011674|The European starling has black feathers with a greenish-purple gloss.
1011675|Stonechat
1011676|Richard Strauss
1011677|Igor Stravinsky
1011678|The summer tanager nests in the Southern United States.
1011679|The cinnamon teal is a small North American duck.
1011680|A male American toad puffs out its throat to utter a loud, flutelike mating call.
1011681|The Bohemian waxwing lives in forests near the Arctic but flies south to temperate regions in the winter.
1011682|Cedar waxwings live in most parts of North America.
1011683|A weaverbird builds a hanging nest by weaving grass and twigs together.
1011684|Stevie Wonder
1011687|Emperor Akihito
1011688|Big Ben is a famous bell in the Clock Tower of the Houses of Parliament in London.
1011689|Cleveland, a leading U.S. industrial center, lies along Lake Erie.
1011691|Amelia Earhart
1011700|Tom Hanks
1011703|Jesse L. Jackson
1011705|Winnipeg skyline
1011706|Mary, Queen of Scots
1011707|Kweisi Mfume
1011708|Eliot Ness
1011712|Philadelphia's City Hall, center, ranks as one of the largest city halls in the United States.
1011715|Janet Reno
1011717|North portico of the White House
1011719|Dinosaurs ruled the earth for millions of years.
1011720|Scientists divide dinosaurs into two groups--ornithischians and saurischians--according to the structure of the hips.
1011721|Dinosaurs of the Jurassic Period (205 million to 138 million years ago) included the huge Diplodocus and the meat-eating Allosaurus, center.
1011722|Dinosaurs of the Cretaceous Period (138 million to 65 million years ago) included hadrosaurs, center, which had wide, ducklike bills.
1011723|An early view of Tyrannosaurus rex showed the giant meat-eating dinosaur as a slow, rather sluggish creature.
1011724|A modern illustration of Tyrannosaurus shows a faster and more active creature.
1011726|Downtown San Diego lies on San Diego Bay, one of the world's finest natural harbors.
1011729|San Diego Zoo is one of the city's most popular attractions.
1011730|Balboa Park includes a wide variety of interesting museums, scenic gardens, and the famous San Diego Zoo.
1011731|San Diego Bay plays an important role in the regional economy of San Diego.
1011734|Exploration has greatly increased knowledge of the world through the centuries.
1011735|This photograph shows how part of the world looks from space today.
1011736|Alexander the Great of Macedonia expanded ancient Greek knowledge of the world.
1011737|A medieval Muslim map of the world shows Arab lands at the top.
1011738|The astrolabe was one of the most important navigational instruments on voyages of discovery.
1011739|Spanish soldiers attacked Aztec Indians in 1520.
1011740|Dr. Livingstone, I presume?
1011741|Images from the Hubble Space Telescope show stars forming from clouds of gas.
1011743|Partnering brings together a principal male dancer and ballerina.
1011744|A ballet studio is equipped with metal or wooden rods called barres that are attached to a wall.
1011750|The choreographer, center, creates a ballet by arranging the steps and other movements that form the complete work.
1011751|Labanotation is a system of recording all the movements in a ballet.
1011752|Modern sets and costumes are often simpler than those used in the elaborate productions of classical ballets.
1011753|Ballet Comique de la Reine, an influential early ballet, was performed in Paris in 1581.
1011754|Ballets d'action developed in the mid-1700's.
1011755|Marie Taglioni was one of the most influential dancers of the romantic movement.
1011756|Vaslav Nijinsky and Anna Pavlova were famous stars of Russian ballet during the early 1900's.
1011757|Ballet in musical comedies has been popular since the early 1900's.
1011758|Mikhail Baryshnikov, center, ranks among the world's leading ballet dancers.
1011781|Velociraptor
1011784|Oprah Winfrey
1011785|Center work usually follows warm-ups at the barre in a ballet class.
1011787|Positron emission tomography (PET) images show brain activity.
1011790|Roald Amundsen of Norway led the first group of explorers to reach the South Pole.
1011794|The structure of the human brain is revealed in remarkable detail by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
1011796|Networks of neurons, background, form the brain's information-processing circuits.
1011800|James Cook, a British navigator, explored many islands in the Pacific Ocean.
1011808|George III
1011820|Mary I of England
1011821|Sir Isaac Newton was a famous English scientist.
1011852|Respiratory system and circulatory system
1011853|Digestive system
1011854|Skeletal system and muscular system
1011855|Nervous system
1011856|Urinary system and endocrine system
1011857|A civet has a long, slender body, short legs, and a long, muscular tail.
1011858|The white stork often nests on roofs and chimneys in cities and towns in Asia, Africa, and Europe.
1011859|A classical ballet combines graceful, skilled dancers with beautiful music and elaborate scenery.
2000001|Most small U.S. towns get water by drilling wells and pumping up underground water.
2000002|A tunnel-boring machine digs into rock with attachments called disk cutters.
2000003|Most exploratory offshore wells are drilled from jack-up rigs, semisubmersible rigs, or drillships.
2000004|Skeletal muscles work in pairs.
2000005|Moonlight Sonata by Ludwig van Beethoven
2000006|Saliva is produced chiefly by three pairs of glands: the parotid, the sublingual, and the submandibular.
2000007|The spleen is a spongy organ that filters foreign substances and damaged cells from the blood.
2000008|Tears are produced by the lacrimal glands, one of which lies above each eyeball.
2000009|The crown, or visible part of a molar tooth, includes projections called cusps.
2000010|Tendons connect bones and muscles, thus allowing the muscles to move the bones.
2000011|Nuts grow nearly everywhere in the world.
2000012|Squash is a nutritious vegetable that grows on bushes and vines.
2000013|Some types of seaweeds
2000014|Some common varieties of rattlesnakes
2000015|The langur is a leaf-eating monkey that lives in India and Southeast Asia.
2000016|The lemon is a popular citrus fruit that is raised mainly for its tart juice and fragrant oil.
2000017|Wood lilies have bright, orange-red petals with purple spots.
2000018|Limes are green citrus fruits that grow in clusters.
2000019|Loganberries consist of clusters of tiny fruits called drupelets.
2000020|Loquats are small egg-shaped fruits with a slightly tart flavor.
2000021|The Egyptian lotus, often called a water lily, grows on the surface of rivers and streams.
2000022|Lovebirds are small colorful parrots that live wild in tropical Africa.
2000023|The magpie is related to the crow.
2000024|Mallards are wild ducks found in much of the Northern Hemisphere.
2000025|A male lumpfish has a reddish underside.
2000026|Mangoes are delicious tropical fruit.
2000027|The mantid has armlike forelegs with sharp hooks used to hold its food.
2000028|The African marigold, shown, is cultivated in many gardens.
2000029|The martin is a swallow.
2000030|The moa is an extinct bird that looked somewhat like an ostrich.
2000031|The moonflower is an attractive climbing vine.
2000032|The mourning dove has grayish-brown feathers.
2000033|The cantaloupe is a popular variety of muskmelon.
2000034|The talking myna can imitate human speech even better than a parrot can.
2000035|The poet's narcissus has a single, wide-open blossom on each stalk.
2000036|The nasturtium is a North American garden plant.
2000037|The nectarine is a fruit that resembles a peach, except that it has a smooth skin.
2000038|The nighthawk often flies in urban areas during the evening, hunting for insects that are attracted by the city lights.
2000039|Northern harriers help farmers by eating harmful pests.
2000040|Nutmeg is a tropical tree that bears small fruits.
2000041|Okra is a tall plant raised for its sticky green pods, which are used in cooking.
2000042|The oleander is an ornamental flowering shrub.
2000043|The onion is a vegetable with a bulb that can be eaten raw or used in cooking.
2000044|The opium poppy is a plant used to produce opium, a drug that is the source of heroin and several medicines.
2000045|Oranges are popular citrus fruits that contain delicious juice and large amounts of vitamin C.
2000046|The orchard oriole is a common American species of oriole.
2000047|The osprey is a brown-and-white bird of prey.
2000048|The oystercatcher uses its sharp bill to open mollusks.
2000050|Papaya is a tropical fruit that grows on a palmlike tree.
2000051|Parsley is a garden vegetable.
2000052|The parsnip is a garden vegetable.
2000053|The gray partridge is a popular game bird in the open farmlands and prairies of Canada and the United States.
2000054|Pea plants are grown chiefly for their seeds, which are also called peas.
2000055|The peach is a tasty fruit that has a hard, pitted stone.
2000056|Pears vary in shape, but they are generally round at the bottom and narrow near the stem.
2000057|The pecan nut has a smooth shell, bottom left.
2000058|The tree peony has large flowers that grow on tall stalks.
2000059|Persimmons are pulpy, edible fruits that grow on persimmon trees.
2000060|Petunias have large, colorful flowers.
2000061|The piranha has razor-sharp teeth that it uses to attack its prey.
2000062|Pomegranate fruit has a hard rind.
2000063|Shirley poppies grow from seed in flower gardens.
2000064|Pterosaurs were prehistoric flying reptiles.
2000065|Pumpkins have a hard outer shell and coarse, stringy pulp.
2000066|Radishes are plants with crisp, sharp-tasting roots.
2000067|Raspberries are tasty fruits that grow on thorny bushes.
2000068|The raven has black feathers with a purple luster.
2000069|The rhea, a bird that cannot fly, resembles a small ostrich.
2000070|The rhubarb plant has juicy, reddish stalks with a tangy flavor.
2000071|The rice plant grows from 31 to 72 inches (80 to 180 centimeters) tall and has several stems.
2000072|The safflower has large blossoms and thistlelike leaves and stems.
2000073|The spotted sandpiper is a well-known species that lives on seashores throughout the United States and southern Canada.
2000074|The shallot looks and tastes like an onion.
2000075|Spiderlings hatch from eggs inside the egg sac.
2000076|The spring-beauty is a North American wild flower.
2000077|The common stingray can inflict a serious wound with the strong, sharp spine on its whiplike tail.
2000078|The black stork has glossy black feathers and a white breast.
2000079|Strawberry plants produce heart-shaped red fruit and tiny white flowers.
2000080|Sugar beets consist of a creamy-white storage root, right, with a crown of large, dark-green leaves, left.
2000081|Sweet potatoes are vegetables that grow underground.
2000082|The tangerine is a popular citrus fruit.
2000083|The tarantula has a hairy body and looks fierce, but its bite is usually no more dangerous than that of other spiders.
2000084|Tomatoes are smooth, round, juicy fruits that grow in almost any soil.
2000085|The tuberose is named for its tube-shaped rootstock, from which slender stems grow.
2000086|A tragopan has colorful, handsome markings.
2000087|The flat-bodied turbot of Europe's North Atlantic coastal waters has eyes only on one side of its body.
2000088|Common varieties of turkeys include the Bronze, shown at the top; the Bourbon Red, middle; and the wild turkey, bottom.
2000089|Turnips are grown for their edible leaves and roots.
2000090|The turtle dove is a slender bird known for its soft cooing call.
2000091|The violet has thick, heart-shaped leaves and delicate blossoms that range in color from creamy white to deep purple.
2000092|The Chinese water chestnut is a grasslike plant that is cultivated in flooded fields.
2000093|Watermelons are popular fruits that have sweet, juicy flesh.
2000094|The yam is a major crop in many tropical countries.
2000095|This drawing of a male water moccasin shows the skeleton and internal organs.
2000096|Simple and compound leaves
2000097|The pineapple plant has sword-shaped leaves.
2000098|Olives are a small, oval or oblong fruit.
2000099|The horned lark has two tufts of dark feathers that look like horns growing above and behind the bird's eyes.
2000100|The pintail is named for the long, pointed middle feathers of its tail.
2000101|Sugar cane grows in the form of stalks, left, which contain a large amount of sugary juice.
2000102|The lammergeier, a large vulture with distinctive light and dark coloring, has a "beard" of black feathers under its bill.
2000103|The lapwing has a crest that ends in a pointed peak.
2000104|The mate plant is the source of a South American tea.
2000105|The gaillardia has a disk of dark tubular flowers in the center surrounded by yellow or red ray flowers with long petals.
2000106|The gallbladder is a pouch that stores bile, a digestive juice produced by the liver.
2000107|The galleon helped establish English naval power.
2000108|A Roman galley moved both by oars and by sail.
2000109|The gardenia is a beautiful white flower with smooth, waxy petals.
2000110|Radiation that enters a Geiger counter tube hits the gas atoms there, causing them to become ionized.
2000111|The rose geranium has clusters of fragrant scarlet blossoms.
2000112|American ginseng has tiny flowers and berries.
2000113|A valley glacier moves downslope from a cirque, a bowl-shaped hollow near a mountain peak.
2000114|As a glacier melts, it leaves behind humps of hard bedrock, and rounded hills and narrow ridges of rock debris.
2000115|Glasses have single-focus, bifocal, or trifocal lenses.
2000116|The gloxinia is a popular tropical American plant.
2000117|The blue-gray gnatcatcher is a North American songbird.
2000118|The goatsucker has gray, brown, and white coloring that serves as effective camouflage.
2000119|The Gobi is a huge desert that stretches across part of southern Mongolia and northern China.
2000120|The godetia is a popular garden flower.
2000121|Wild geese live chiefly in Asia, Europe, and North America.
2000122|Domestic geese are raised on farms, particularly in Europe and Asia.
2000123|Gourds bear attractive fruits of many colors and shapes.
2000124|The common grackle lives east of the Rockies.
2000125|The parts of a Bermuda grass plant include two types of creeping stems, stolons and rhizomes.
2000126|The male rose-breasted grosbeak has a rose-red patch on its breast.
2000127|The red grouper lives along the coast of the Atlantic Ocean.
2000128|The spruce grouse has dull-colored feathers and somewhat resembles domestic fowl.
2000129|Guavas develop from small, white flowers on certain shrubs and trees of the myrtle family.
2000130|The black guillemot lives on North Atlantic coasts.
2000131|Guillotine
2000132|The guineafowl has dark, spotted feathers and a bony ridge called a casque on the head.
2000133|Gulls of North America include, from top to bottom, the ring-billed gull, the herring gull, and the great black-backed gull.
2000134|Most guided missiles are powered by a rocket engine.
2000135|The bony frame of the head, left, is called the skull.
2000136|The main parts of a hearing aid are shown in this diagram of a behind-the-ear aid.
2000139|Hellgrammite is the large black larva of an insect called the dobsonfly.
2000140|The strange-looking hoatzin lives in South America.
2000141|The Holy Roman Empire in 1250 extended from the North Sea to the Mediterranean Sea.
2000142|The hip joint is a ball-and-socket arrangement that permits a wide range of movement in all directions.
2000143|The honeyeater gets its name from its habit of eating nectar from the blossoms of trees and shrubs.
2000144|Hops produce male and female flowers on different plants.
2000145|A jockey's equipment includes a saddle, whip, boots, goggles, a safety helmet, and a jacket and cap.
2000146|The root of the horseradish has a biting taste.
2000147|The horseshoe crab has a shell that resembles a horse's hoof.
2000149|The male house sparrow has a black throat and a black-streaked coat.
2000150|Most hybrid corn results from single-crossing.
2000151|The hyacinth is a spring flower that grows from a bulb.
2000152|The hydrangea is an attractive shrub that produces small flowers that grow in clusters.
2000153|A female ichneumon wasp has an egg-laying organ made up of three long threadlike strands.
2000154|An igloo was often made of blocks of snow that spiraled upward to form a dome, top.
2000156|The green iguana has a crest of scales down the middle of its back.
2000157|Indigo buntings are songbirds.
2000158|Indochina is an area in Southeast Asia that consists of three nations--Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam.
2000159|The intestines make up a major part of the digestive system.
2000160|The South American jabiru has a huge black bill.
2000161|The jacana is a tropical wading bird.
2000162|The jackdaw belongs to the crow family.
2000163|The jack-in-the-pulpit is an American wild flower.
2000164|Jays are related to ravens and crows but usually have more colorful feathers.
2000165|The jerboa looks like a tiny kangaroo, but it is really a rodent.
2000166|The Jerusalem artichoke is related to the sunflower.
2000167|The Warsaw grouper, also called the black jewfish, lives in the Atlantic Ocean from Massachusetts to Brazil.
2000168|The jicama plant is grown for its edible, nutritious tubers (underground stems).
2000169|The jonquil has bright yellow flowers and sword-shaped leaves.
2000170|The jugular veins--two on each side of the head and neck--return blood to the heart.
2000171|Jumping beans, left, are actually the seeds of a Mexican shrub.
2000172|A jumping mouse is a rodent that usually moves by hopping.
2000173|The dark-eyed junco is a small bird that lives throughout much of North America.
2000174|The kangaroo rat can leap about on its powerful hind legs like a kangaroo.
2000175|The katydid is a type of grasshopper.
2000176|The kea of New Zealand has a powerful, hooked bill.
2000177|The eastern kingbird has white-tipped tail feathers and white underparts.
2000178|The king mackerel has a sharp, V-shaped tail fin and a bluish back.
2000179|The golden-crowned kinglet is one of two species of kinglets that live in North America.
2000180|The snail kite is a hawk that has broad wings and a long, hooked bill.
2000182|The kiwi is a New Zealand bird that cannot fly.
2000183|The flowers and fruit of the kiwi vine.
2000184|The black-legged kittiwake is a gull that lives in the Arctic.
2000185|The kohlrabi plant has an edible, bulb-shaped stem.
2000186|The kookaburra, or laughing jackass, has a large head; a long, heavy bill; and brown, black, or white feathers.
2000187|Kumquats are citrus fruits that resemble oranges.
2000188|A marlin is a large game fish related to the swordfish and the sailfish.
2000189|The American merganser has a straight narrow bill hooked at the tip and notched at the edges.
2000190|The marsh mallow grows in meadows and marshy areas.
2000191|The sailfin molly has a large fin along its back and a large tail fin.
2000192|The mouth is adapted for taking in food.
2000193|The common murre is a sea bird that nests in colonies on the rocky coasts of the North Atlantic and North Pacific.
2000194|The red-spotted newt, the most common type of newt in the United States, is a small amphibian with a long tail.
2000195|Plankton consists of small marine organisms that drift with the ocean currents.
2000196|Nekton is made up of fish and other animals that have the ability to swim freely in water without the help of currents.
2000197|Benthos consists of marine organisms that live on the ocean bottom.
2000198|A sport parachute brings a skydiver down very slowly.
2000199|The peach moth damages peaches and other fruits.
2000200|Most pesticides last only long enough to control the target pest.
2000201|The phalarope is a small swimming and wading bird.
2000202|A single-lens reflex camera, or SLR camera, lets a photographer view subjects directly through the lens.
2000203|An enlarger, the basic instrument used in projection printing, projects the image in a negative onto printing paper.
2000204|Pistachio nuts grow in clusters on pistachio trees.
2000205|This illustration shows some of the chief kinds of plains.
2000206|Kinds of plums
2000207|Poison ivy has leaves that consist of three leaflets.
2000208|The jolthead porgy lives in Atlantic coastal waters.
2000209|Potatoes are one of the most important and nutritious foods.
2000210|A potato plant has leafy stems and pink, purple, or white flowers.
2000211|A cross section of a potato shows several layers of material.
2000212|The Colorado potato beetle deposits its eggs on potato plants.
2000213|The redpoll, a member of the finch family, has a reddish crown.
2000214|Flower heads of the giant protea grow up to 8 inches (20 centimeters) wide.
2000215|The ribs are connected to the backbone, from which they curve downward and forward to form a protective cage around the heart and lungs.
2000216|Cabbage is a vegetable with leaves that grow close together to form a hard, round head.
2000217|The calla has a large white, yellow, or pink leaf often mistaken for the flower.
2000218|Canaries are popular pets because of their lively song.
2000219|A canna produces large, showy blossoms.
2000221|Styles of gowns worn by college graduates show whether a person holds a bachelor's, master's, or doctor's degree.
2000222|The crested caracara is a large meat-eating bird.
2000223|A caravel with a two-deck structure at its stern.
2000224|Carnations are tall, hardy flowers with a spicy fragrance.
2000225|Carpal tunnel syndrome is caused by pressure on the median nerve as it passes through the carpal tunnel, a canal formed by bones and ligaments in the wrist.
2000226|The carrot is a popular, nutritious vegetable grown throughout the world.
2000227|Casabas ripen in autumn and have a juicy flesh.
2000228|Cashews grow in bean-shaped shells attached to fruitlike cashew apples.
2000229|The cassowary is a large bird that lives in the forests of Australia, New Guinea, and nearby Pacific islands.
2000230|Castor-oil plants bear spiny fruits that contain the oil-producing beans.
2000231|Catfish usually have two to four pairs of whiskers.
2000233|Catnip
2000234|The cauliflower plant has large leaves that surround the cauliflower head.
2000235|The celery plant, left, consists of stalks that grow directly from the center of the root, right.
2000236|The fruit of the chayote ranges from ivory-white to dark green, and grows about 6 inches (15 centimeters) long.
2000237|Cherimoya fruit grows among the leaves of the cherimoya tree.
2000238|The main types of cherries include sweet cherries, left, and sour cherries, right.
2000239|The chuckwalla, one of the largest of American lizards, was at one time used for food by Indians in the Southwest.
2000240|A cicada emerges as an adult insect after shedding its skin, right.
2000241|The citron is a citrus fruit that resembles a large lemon.
2000242|An American clematis, shown, has violet blossoms that grow in clusters.
2000243|A weight-driven clock is powered by a weight that is lowered from a drum, shown in green.
2000244|A line-powered digital clock is powered by an alternating electric current.
2000245|Varieties of clover differ chiefly in appearance and in the way they grow.
2000246|An Indian cobra may grow to nearly 6 feet (2 meters) in length.
2000247|Cockatoos resemble parrots.
2000248|A cold frame shelters plants outdoors.
2000249|The collarbone, or clavicle, connects the breastbone with the acromion, a hooklike projection of the shoulder blade.
2000250|Plants of the composite family include the common dandelion, the bull thistle, and the Shasta daisy.
2000251|The leaves of conifers may be scalelike or needlelike.
2000252|The coot is a dark gray water bird that resembles a duck.
2000253|The copperhead is a poisonous American snake.
2000254|A South American coral snake grows about 4 feet (1.2 meters) long.
2000256|Flowers of the coreopsis plant look like daisies and grow on slender stems.
2000257|Coriander is an herb that grows in the Mediterranean region.
2000258|A mature corn plant consists of the roots, stalk, leaves, ears, and tassel.
2000259|A mature corn seed has three main parts.
2000260|Brown-headed cowbirds range from Canada to Mexico.
2000261|Cranberries grow on evergreen vines in cool regions of North America.
2000262|The crossbill uses the crossed ends of its bill to get seeds from fir cones.
2000263|The black-billed cuckoo has a long, slightly curved black beak and red circles around its eyes.
2000264|A cuckoo-shrike has a notched bill.
2000265|Cucumbers grow on vines that have many coiled growths called tendrils.
2000266|The cumin plant bears clusters of small flowers, left.
2000267|A male great curassow has a brightly colored beak.
2000268|The long-billed curlew is a wading bird.
2000269|The daffodil is a yellow narcissus that blooms in the early spring.
2000270|The dahlia is a popular garden flower.
2000271|The oxeye daisy is a common plant that has a center of tiny yellow disk flowers surrounded by white petallike ray flowers.
2000272|The dandelion is a yellow wild flower.
2000273|The lemon day lily, shown, produces beautiful flowers in loose clusters at the top of a tall, leafless stalk.
2000274|A dehumidifier removes moisture from the air.
2000275|The dodo had tiny wings that were so small it could not fly.
2000276|A dragonfly has four large wings and can fly swiftly.
2000277|An earthquake-resistant building includes such structures as shear walls, a shear core, and cross-bracing.
2000278|The Easter lily has long, pointed leaves and large, white blossoms.
2000279|The eggplant is a plant that produces large fruit shaped somewhat like an egg.
2000280|Egrets belong to the heron family.
2000281|The elbow is the joint where the bone of the upper arm--the humerus--and the forearm bones--the radius and the ulna--meet.
2000282|A DC motor's most common source of power is a battery.
2000283|Most AC motors receive power from electrical outlets.
2000284|The huge elephant bird could not fly.
2000285|The emu can run swiftly, but it cannot fly.
2000286|Endive is a leafy vegetable often used in salads.
2000287|The human eyes produce tears by means of the lacrimal glands, one of which lies above each eyeball.
2000289|The black-footed ferret is an endangered species.
2000290|A fiddler crab lives along sandy or muddy seacoasts.
2000291|Figs are the fruit of the fig tree, which generally grows in warm climates.
2000292|The firecracker flower has long, slender leaves and a long stem that ends in a cluster of bright flowers.
2000293|The red-shafted flicker has red markings on its head and underwings.
2000294|The flounder is a saltwater flatfish.
2000295|Forests evolved throughout the various periods of the earth's history.
2000296|The four-o'clock has colorful, fragrant flowers.
2000302|Cancer starts to spread when one or more cancer cells break away from the original tumor and enter the circulatory system through a blood or lymph vessel.
2000303|Ages ago, the remains of tiny marine organisms sank to the sea floors and were buried by sediments, left.
2000304|Grapefruit is a large citrus fruit that has a tart flavor and is frequently eaten for breakfast.
2000305|The Chinese hibiscus, shown, makes a colorful garden flower.
2000306|A coaxial cable consists of one or more conductors called coaxials.
2000307|A solution cave, such as the one shown here, is formed in limestone when water dissolves sections of the rock.
2000308|The four main groups of cheese are (1) soft, (2) semisoft, (3) hard, and (4) very hard or grating.
2000309|A column is a vertical support that consists of a shaft and a capital and often rests on a base.
2000310|The human ear extends deep into the skull.
2000311|The outer ear consists of the auricle, the fleshy part of the ear on the side of the head, and the external auditory canal, a passageway that leads to the eardrum.
2000312|The middle ear has three bones--the malleus, incus, and stapes.
2000313|The visible parts of the eyeball are the white sclera and the colored iris.
2000314|The iris has a round opening called the pupil, which regulates the amount of light that enters the eye.
2000315|These illustrations show an elevating platform truck, a pumper, and an aerial ladder truck.
2000316|Gears consist chiefly of an axle and a wheel or disk with slots called teeth.
2000317|The banded gecko lives in the Southwestern United States and Mexico.
2000318|Precious or semiprecious stones cut or polished for use in jewelry are called gems.
2000319|Precious or semiprecious stones cut or polished for use in jewelry are called gems.
2000320|Gems are cut in different ways, depending on changing fashions and on the type of gem.
2000321|Ligaments and tendons consist of tough, elastic connective tissue.
2000322|Orchestra seating is designed by the conductor to produce a certain blend of sounds.
2000323|The rose of Sharon, a popular ornamental shrub, has large and attractively colored flowers.
2000324|The ruff is a sandpiper.
2000325|A rye seed spike, left, has long, stiff beards.
2000326|St.-John's-wort has colorful flowers and hardy greenery.
2000327|The red salamander lives in the Eastern United States.
2000328|Spotted salamanders are common in moist woodlands.
2000330|This illustration shows the general appearance of an Elizabethan public theater.
2000331|Some harmless snakes of North America
2000332|Some poisonous snakes of North America
2000333|Some snakes of other continents
2000334|Types of starfish
2000335|Sea lavender, a type of statice, grows wild in salt marshes and deserts worldwide.
2000336|The tailorbird uses its long bill as a needle.
2000337|The Caspian tern has a black crest and gray feathers.
2000338|The tobacco plant lives for only one growing season.
2000339|Some kinds of beans
2000341|An Asian babbler, the white-crested laughing thrush, is one of the largest types of babblers.
2000342|A garden balsam's flowers grow close to its stalk.
2000343|A bed bug molts (sheds its outer layer of skin) five times before maturity.
2000344|Beets are grown for their roots and leaves.
2000345|Belladonna flowers, leaves, and berries
2000346|The American bittern lives in marshlands.
2000347|Black-eyed Susans have dark centers and orange-yellow petals.
2000348|The blackberry plant produces small black fruits that grow near the stalk.
2000349|The blue crab gets its name from its blue legs.
2000350|Blueberries grow in clusters from the flowers on blueberry shrubs.
2000351|The abdomen is a large body cavity that lies between the thorax (chest) and the pelvic cavity.
2000352|Acerola is the nutritious fruit of a bushy tree that is also called the acerola.
2000353|The development of an acne pimple is illustrated here.
2000354|The helmet flower is an aconite that has purplish flowers.
2000355|An adder commonly known as the European viper, shown, is the only poisonous snake that is found in the United Kingdom.
2000356|The autumn Adonis has bright red flowers.
2000357|The adrenal glands are important hormone-producing organs that lie atop the kidneys.
2000358|The alfalfa plant has many slender stems, which develop from buds on the crown (base).
2000359|The alimentary canal is a tube through which food is taken into the body and digested.
2000360|The almond is the seed of the almond tree and a delicious nut.
2000361|An ornamental amaranth called love-lies-bleeding has a number of long, drooping clusters of crimson flowers.
2000362|An amaryllis has a long stem and trumpet-shaped flowers.
2000363|Amazon rain forest covers much of northern South America.
2000364|Amphibians
2000365|The anaconda is the largest snake in the Western Hemisphere.
2000366|The anise plant produces seeds that give food a spicy licorice flavor.
2000367|The ankle joint allows movement of the foot.
2000368|The classes of ants--queens, males, and workers--differ in size.
2000369|Four kinds of apes
2000370|There are thousands of kinds of apples, and they differ in color, flavor, shape, size, and texture.
2000371|The apricot is a golden fruit with a large pit.
2000372|An archerfish hunts insects at the water surface.
2000373|The arm contains three bones--the humerus, the radius, and the ulna.
2000374|The mountain arnica bears heads of golden-yellow flowers from its stem.
2000375|Arthropods form a major division of the animal kingdom.
2000376|The artichoke has prickly leaves and an edible bud.
2000377|The cuckoopint is a type of arum that grows in Europe.
2000378|Two types of asparagus.
2000379|The New England aster has purple petals.
2000380|Avocados have a yellow-green pulp that surrounds one large seed.
2000381|The American avocet is a wading bird whose long legs and long, curved bill help it feed in shallow-water areas.
2000382|The leg contains large, strong bones, left, which support the weight of the body.
2000383|Azalea flowers have five tapering petals that may be pink, red, white, yellow, or purple.
2000384|About 80 species of birds have died out since the 1600's.
2000385|The urinary bladder stores urine that drains continuously from the kidneys.
2000386|There are two forms of bone, hard compact bone and spongy cancellous bone.
2000387|A fracture heals by forming a mass of new tissue called a callus.
2000388|The blue-footed booby is found along the coast of southern California.
2000389|A bougainvillea is a tropical South American shrub.
2000391|The cerebrum looks wrinkled because it is covered by a deeply folded layer of nerve cells called the cortex.
2000392|Regions within the motor or somatosensory areas of the cortex are linked to specific parts of the body.
2000393|The cerebellum is the part of the brain most responsible for balance and coordination.
2000394|The brain stem is a stalklike structure that links the cerebrum with the spinal cord.
2000395|Nerve pathways cross over as they pass through the brain stem.
2000397|The Brazil nut is the seed of a South American tree.
2000398|Breadfruit has a starchy pulp that some people think feels like bread.
2000399|The female breast consists chiefly of fatty tissue.
2000400|Broccoli is a garden vegetable.
2000401|Brussels sprouts is a garden vegetable.
2000402|The bullfrog is the largest frog in the United States.
2000403|The bushmaster is a large, poisonous viper.
2000404|The great bustard inhabits plains of Europe and Asia.
2000405|Creeping buttercups have stems that spread along the ground and send down roots that grow into new plants.
2000406|A butterfish is an excellent food fish.
2000407|The foureye butterflyfish has a large, dark eyespot on each side of its body toward the rear.
2000409|Calendulas are common garden flowers in temperate regions around the world.
2000410|The cocklebur has spiny, prickly burs.
2000411|The cockscomb is a plant with crested or feathery clusters of red or yellow flowers.
2000412|The codling moth is a small brown and bronze-colored moth.
2000413|The coelacanth lives in the western Indian Ocean.
2000414|The colchicum is a poisonous European plant.
2000415|The cuttlefish has a broad head with two large eyes.
2000416|Parts of the digestive system
2000418|The tiny dormouse has a pointed nose and a long tail.
2000419|The dugong is an endangered sea mammal.
2000420|The elecampane plant is a common roadside weed.
2000421|The electric eel can produce an electric discharge.
2000422|An electric ray has a wide body and a pointed tail.
2000423|An electric switch controls the flow of electric current in a circuit.
2000424|The illustrations below show four eye disorders.
2000425|The fer-de-lance is a large, poisonous snake that lives in tropical regions of North and South America.
2000426|Filberts, or hazelnuts, grow in tight clusters.
2000427|Fish of coastal waters and the open ocean
2000428|Fish of coastal waters and the open ocean
2000429|Fish of coral reefs
2000430|Fish of coral reefs
2000431|Fish of the deep ocean
2000432|Fish of tropical fresh waters
2000433|Fish of temperate fresh waters
2000434|Fish of temperate fresh waters
2000435|Fleabane got its name because people once thought the plant could kill fleas.
2000436|Flowering tobacco is grown for its sweet-scented flowers.
2000437|The Acadian flycatcher lives in the United States.
2000438|The kidneys remove wastes from the blood, producing urine.
2000439|Most leaves have two main parts: (1) a flat blade and (2) a stemlike petiole.
2000440|Vein patterns
2000441|Leaf edges
2000442|The leek, a variety of onion, has a slender white bulb at the base of the leaves.
2000443|The lingonberry is related to the cranberry.
2000444|A body louse has crablike legs and hooked claws that it uses to cling to its victim.
2000445|The mamba, a close relative of the cobra, is a poisonous snake that lives in central and southern Africa.
2000446|A manzanita plant has bright red berries and attractive, oval leaves.
2000447|Marijuana is an illegal drug that produces psychological and physical effects.
2000448|Mariposa lilies have lovely, tulip-shaped flowers that vary in color.
2000449|Mushrooms of North America
2000450|Mushrooms of North America
2000451|A male narwhal looks like most other whales, but it has a long, spiral tusk growing forward from its upper jaw.
2000452|The nose is outwardly simple but inwardly complex.
2000454|The ovenbird is a common North American warbler.
2000455|The palate, or roof of the mouth, separates the mouth and nasal cavities.
2000456|The queen parrotfish lives in the western Atlantic.
2000457|Pepper is made from berries of the pepper plant.
2000458|The eastern wood-pewee sings throughout the day.
2000459|The pilotfish is a small sea fish that has five or six dark vertical bands.
2000460|The American pipit lives in North America and Asia.
2000461|The Florida pompano has an oblong body.
2000462|The common ragweed usually grows 1 to 3 feet (30 to 91 centimeters) high.
2000463|Reptiles
2000464|The shoulder consists of two bones, the clavicle and scapula, left, and various muscles, right.
2000465|Human skin has three layers of tissue--the epidermis, the dermis, and subcutaneous tissue.
2000466|The nails of the fingers and toes are formed from certain cells of the skin.
2000467|Skin color depends mainly on the amount of brown pigment, called melanin, in the skin.
2000468|Soapberry trees and shrubs bear fruit that has a fleshy or leathery berry containing a soapy substance known as saponin.
2000469|The sole has a flat, oval-shaped body with both eyes on one side of the head.
2000471|Major repairs and renovation were carried out for the 1986 centennial of the statue.
2000472|The human stomach is shaped somewhat like the letter J.
2000473|The plain titmouse has brownish-gray feathers.
2000474|Toadflax has clusters of yellow, tube-shaped flowers.
2000475|The tongue consists of bundles of muscles that run in several directions.
2000476|Tonsils form a continuous ring around the back of the throat.
2000477|The rufous-sided towhee lives mainly on the ground.
2000478|The trap-door spider is harmless to human beings.
2000479|The tree frog uses its sticky foot pads to climb trees.
2000480|The garden verbena produces clusters of blossoms on a slender stem.
2000481|The viper is a poisonous snake with two long, movable fangs.
2000482|In human beings, sounds of the voice are made chiefly by the vocal cords, small bands of tissue that stretch across the larynx.
2000483|Some kinds of wasps
2000484|The water moccasin is one of several poisonous snakes in North America.
2000485|The wheat plant grows up to 5 feet (1.5 meters) high and turns golden-brown when ripe.
2000486|Cross section of kernel of wheat
2000487|Indian white-eyes live in southern Asia.
2000488|The wild carrot is also known as Queen Anne's lace because of the plant's lacy clusters of small white or yellowish flowers.
2000489|The American woodcock has a long bill.
2000490|The wrist includes eight small, irregularly shaped bones located between the ulna and radius, the bones of the forearm, and the metacarpals, the bones of the palm.
2000491|There are three main types of airships.
2000492|Archery equipment includes accessories that help an archer shoot better and more comfortably.
2000493|The target used in target archery competition in the United States has 10 scoring rings and 5 colored circles.
2000494|The main parts of an arrow are the point, the shaft, and the nock.
2000495|Notching an arrow, a process called nocking, left, is the first step in drawing the bowstring.
2000496|During the Middle Ages, metal armor protected soldiers and their horses from enemy blows in combat.
2000497|People used armor as early as the Stone Age, when layers of animal skin protected the body from blows.
2000498|Many forms of arthritis can disable the joints.
2000499|A bacterial cell may have up to three protective layers.
2000500|The Barbary States in the 1800's, shown in yellow, lay along the Mediterranean coast in North Africa.
2000503|Most lead-acid storage batteries have six cells.
2000504|The shape of a bird's wings relates to the type of flying that the bird does best.
2000505|This drawing shows the main external features of a typical bird, the domestic pigeon.
2000506|A bird's skeleton is both lightweight and strong.
2000507|This view of a female domestic pigeon shows the chief internal organs of the typical bird.
2000508|Butterflies of the world
2000509|Butterflies of the world
2000510|Butterflies of the world
2000511|Butterflies of the world
2000512|Butterflies of the world
2000513|Butterflies of the world
2000515|There are three main kinds of underground mines: (1) shaft mines, (2) slope mines, and (3) drift mines.
2000516|The yellow flower heads of the compass plant look like sunflowers.
2000517|Condors
2000518|Instruments are grouped in four major classes: (1) stringed instruments, (2) wind instruments, (3) percussion instruments, and (4) keyboard instruments.
2000522|Diverticulitis is a disease of the colon.
2000523|In surface-supplied diving, a diver wears a waterproof suit and a helmet for protection against water pressure.
2000524|Some kinds of dolphins
2000525|The Dust Bowl, an area of the Great Plains, was formed by severe dust storms of the 1930's.
2000526|The two chief kinds of elephants, African elephants and Indian elephants, differ in size and body features.
2000527|This view of a female African elephant shows the animal's skeleton and some of its internal organs.
2000529|The Fertile Crescent is a historic region that curves around the Syrian Desert in Asia.
2000530|This drawing of a yellow perch shows the external features most fish have in common.
2000531|The skeletons of most fish consist mainly of (1) a skull, (2) a backbone, (3) ribs, (4) fin rays, and (5) supports for fin rays or fins.
2000532|This view of a yellow perch shows the chief internal organs found in most fish.
2000533|Flax is valued for its seeds and its fibers.
2000534|A typical flower has four main parts.
2000535|Variations in flower structure
2000536|Bones of the hand
2000537|Muscles of the hand
2000538|Animal hearts vary in size and complexity.
2000539|English and Western riding equipment
2000540|Blood consists of a liquid and three kinds of solid particles.
2000541|Types of ice skates
2000542|Icebergs form where chunks of ice break away from a glacier as it flows into the sea.
2000543|The Indus Valley civilization was centered in the river plains of what is now Pakistan and northwestern India.
2000544|Familiar insects of North America
2000545|Familiar insects of North America
2000546|Familiar insects of North America
2000547|Familiar insects of North America
2000548|The Imperial Valley, an irrigated region in the desert of south-central California, is one of the richest farming areas in the United States.
2000549|The Kalahari Desert stretches across much of Botswana, and parts of Namibia and South Africa.
2000550|Higher organisms have many specialized kinds of cells.
2000551|The liver consists of two main sections--the right lobe and the left lobe--and two small lobes that lie behind the right lobe.
2000552|During the life cycle of a house fly, the egg hatches into a larva, which eats and grows and then forms a pupa.
2000553|The Aztec empire reached the height of its power during the early 1500's, covering much of what is now south-central Mexico.
2000554|The diagram at the left shows the external parts of an optical microscope.
2000555|An antitank mine explodes when run over by a tank or other heavy vehicle.
2000556|The parts of an antitank mine are shown here.
2000557|A garden morning-glory has dark heart-shaped leaves and colorful flowers shaped like a funnel.
2000558|Some North American moths
2000559|Some North American moths
2000560|The human body has three kinds of muscles: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac.
2000561|The human body has more than 600 major muscles.
2000562|Instruments are grouped in four major classes: (1) stringed instruments, (2) wind instruments, (3) percussion instruments, and (4) keyboard instruments.
2000563|The Voyager 2 astronomical observatory was launched in 1977 and flew past Neptune in 1989.
2000564|The Panama Canal shortens sea voyages between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.
2000565|Where petroleum is found
2000566|In directional drilling, an oil well is drilled at an angle rather than straight down.
2000567|The pineal gland is located near the center of the brain in human beings.
2000568|A pirate carried several kinds of weapons, including a pistol, daggers, an ax, and a short, curved sword called a cutlass.
2000569|The pituitary gland is one of the body's chief endocrine (hormone-producing) organs.
2000570|A river may drain water from a huge area.
2000571|All rodents have chisellike upper and lower front teeth called incisors.
2000572|Parts of a roller skate
2000573|Types of roofs
2000574|The main parts of a root system are shown here.
2000575|The two chief kinds of root systems.
2000576|Prop roots grow from a stem and help brace a plant against the wind.
2000577|This diagram shows how latex is obtained from a rubber tree.
2000578|The most popular saddles are the Western saddle, left, and the English saddle, right.
2000579|Shields used by soldiers, noblemen, and warriors varied in size, shape, and design.
2000581|Human beings have four pairs of sinuses.
2000582|The skeleton is a strong, flexible framework that supports the body and protects the internal organs.
2000583|Ski equipment
2000584|Scuba divers carry tanks of compressed air.
2000585|These illustrations show some of the variations in the body shape of snakes.
2000587|Sempervivum is an example of a succulent plant.
2000588|Various types of swords have played a role in the warfare of many civilizations.
2000589|By the time a child is about 4 years old, most of the permanent teeth have formed within the jaws near the roots of the deciduous teeth.
2000590|Filling a cavity
2000591|Malocclusion is the failure of the upper and lower teeth to meet properly when a person bites.
2000592|Crowning a tooth
2000593|Braces consist of a system of metal brackets and wires.
2000594|These illustrations show two kinds of periodontal diseases.
2000595|Animal teeth vary in size and shape.
2000596|Other types of thermometers
2000597|The thymus is in the upper chest, behind the breastbone.
2000599|A secure sanitary landfill is lined with materials that prevent water from carrying leachates (dissolved substances) from the refuse into underground water supplies.
2000600|The yellowlegs is named for its long yellow legs.
2000601|The catclaw acacia grows in the Southwestern United States.
2000602|The adenoids, or pharyngeal tonsils, are in the upper part of the pharynx (throat).
2000604|A "cushion" of air under pressure supports an air cushion vehicle.
2000605|Early military aircraft
2000606|Later military aircraft
2000607|Wright brothers' Flyer
2000608|These illustrations show four common kinds of anchors: the stock anchor, the stockless anchor, the mushroom anchor, and the grapnel.
2000609|In a coronary angioplasty, a long tube called a catheter is inserted through the groin and guided to a blocked artery in the heart, left.
2000610|The flower and fruit of an angiosperm contain the plant's seeds.
2000611|The seafaring Jutes, Angles, and Saxons who invaded England in the mid-400's became known as Anglo-Saxons.
2000612|Body of an ant
2000613|Several types of antennas may be used to receive radio or television signals.
2000614|The appendix is a narrow tube that extends from the cecum of the large intestine.
2000615|A home aquarium should have an air pump and one or more filters to keep the water clean.
2000616|Cross section of an artery
2000617|Like a natural heart, an air-powered artificial heart has two ventricles (chambers).
2000618|A myoelectric artificial arm responds to muscle contractions in the remaining upper arm or shoulder.
2000619|According to the general theory of relativity, the presence of a massive object changes the shape of space around it.
2000620|An atom consists of three basic types of particles called protons, neutrons, and electrons.
2000621|Atoms vary greatly in weight, but they are all about the same size.
2000622|Attila's empire stretched from the Danube River on the south to the Baltic Sea on the north, and from the Rhine River on the west to the Caspian Sea on the east.
2000623|Austria-Hungary, established in 1867, consisted of the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary.
2000624|This diagram illustrates the major systems of a car with a front-mounted gasoline engine, an automatic transmission, and front-wheel drive.
2000625|The drive train carries power from the engine to the wheels.
2000626|The steering system guides the front wheels.
2000627|The brake system slows or stops the car.
2000628|Most races are held on oval tracks or road-racing courses.
2000629|Automobile-racing flags signal the start and finish of a race.
2000630|Baby's development before birth
2000631|Location of Babylonia
2000632|After a hot-air balloon is inflated, the pilot feeds fuel to the burner and lifts off.
2000633|Some kinds of bass
2000634|Head and body of a worker bee
2000635|External anatomy of a beetle
2000636|This diagram shows an internal view of a typical female beetle.
2000637|Kinds of bird nests
2000638|Types of bills
2000639|Types of feet
2000640|Birds of paradise
2000641|The map at the left shows the route ships used to carry slaves from western Africa to North America.
2000642|Block and tackle is a machine used to perform such tasks as lifting weights and moving heavy machinery.
2000644|Location of the Assyrian Empire
2000645|Main types of bombs
2000646|A strategic bomber like this B-1B can strike distant targets with bombs or missiles.
2000647|Brains of some vertebrates show the progression of brain development as animals evolved over millions of years.
2000648|Bricks are usually laid horizontally in layers known as courses.
2000649|The building construction of a skyscraper is shown here.
2000650|Some kinds of bumble bees
2000651|Buoys help ships steer safely through harbors, rivers, and other bodies of water.
2000652|A butterfly's body has three main parts: (1) the head, (2) the thorax, and (3) the abdomen.
2000653|To move upstream, a vessel enters a lock in which the water level has been lowered to that of the water just downstream.
2000654|Carthage was an ancient city in North Africa.
2000655|Spongy footpads enable a cat to walk quietly.
2000656|Eyes of a cat
2000657|Coats of cats
2000658|Parts of a chicken
2000659|Types of ducks
2000660|Most kinds of domestic ducks in the United States developed from wild mallards.
2000661|The propulsion system of an electric train includes the traction motor and the driving wheel.
2000662|An electric train receives power from a catenary (overhead wire) or from an electrified third rail.
2000663|How horticulturists classify fruit
2000664|Simple fruits
2000665|Compound fruits
2000666|Some popular house plants
2000667|The diagram on the right shows the parts of a human hair.
2000668|Most roots anchor a plant and absorb water and minerals.
2000669|Most stems support the plant's flowers and leaves.
2000670|Leaves
2000671|Flowers contain the reproductive parts of flowering plants.
2000672|All seeds are either naked or enclosed.
2000673|Many kinds of mosses, shrubs, and wild flowers survive the long, cold winters of the high mountain tundra.
2000674|Towering trees, such as hemlocks, cedars, and Douglas-firs, dominate the temperate coniferous forest on the Olympic Peninsula of Washington.
2000675|Trees grow close together in this African rain forest, and vines climb high on the trees.
2000676|Trees are the chief plants in a temperate deciduous forest.
2000677|Thick growths of shrubs and small trees flourish in the hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters of the chaparral.
2000678|Wild grasses, such as big bluestem and prairie cordgrass, once covered the Great Plains of the United States and Canada.
2000679|Many kinds of cactus plants grow in the desert areas of the American Southwest.
2000680|Many species of plants grow in and around ponds and other bodies of fresh water.
2000681|Prehistoric animals
2000683|The Roman Empire grew weaker during the A.D. 300's.
2000684|Some kinds of salmon
2000685|Some kinds of swallows
2000686|Some kinds of swans
2000687|The thyroid gland is in the neck.
2000688|Some kinds of toucans
2000689|Nearly all the methods of transporting goods or people during prehistoric times depended on the muscles of either human beings or animals.
2000690|Wheeled vehicles and sailing vessels were invented during the 3000's B.C.
2000691|Beginning in the 1400's, Europeans built ships capable of making long ocean voyages.
2000692|The steam engine provided a completely new source of power for transportation during the 1800's.
2000693|By the early 1900's, engine-powered vehicles had revolutionized transportation.
2000694|Most of today's forms of public transportation had taken shape by the 1930's.
2000695|Peptic ulcers are open sores in the digestive system.
2000696|Plant parts used as vegetables
2000697|A Viking warrior fought with a sword that had a broad two-edged blade made of iron or steel.
2000698|Some kinds of vultures
2000699|Development of warships
2000700|Development of warships
2000701|Kinds of cranes
2000702|Birds of urban areas
2000703|Birds of urban areas
2000704|Birds of forests and woodlands
2000705|Birds of forests and woodlands
2000706|Birds of forests and woodlands
2000707|Birds of forests and woodlands
2000708|Birds of grasslands
2000709|Birds of grasslands
2000710|Birds of grasslands
2000711|Birds of grasslands
2000712|Birds of brushy areas
2000713|Birds of brushy areas
2000714|Birds of the desert
2000715|Birds of the desert
2000716|Birds of inland waters and marshes
2000717|Birds of inland waters and marshes
2000718|Birds of inland waters and marshes
2000719|Birds of inland waters and marshes
2000720|Birds of the seacoasts
2000721|Birds of the seacoasts
2000722|Birds of the Arctic
2000723|Birds of the Arctic
2000724|Birds of the ocean and the Antarctic
2000725|Birds of the ocean and the Antarctic
2000726|Birds of Central and South America
2000727|Birds of Central and South America
2000728|Birds of Europe and Asia
2000729|Birds of Europe and Asia
2000731|Birds of Europe and Asia
2000732|Birds of Africa
2000733|Birds of Africa
2000734|Birds of Australia and the Pacific Islands
2000735|Birds of Australia and the Pacific Islands
2000740|Some kinds of falcons
2000741|Some kinds of falcons
2000742|Garden annuals
2000743|Garden annuals
2000744|Garden annuals
2000745|Garden biennials
2000746|Garden perennials
2000747|Garden perennials
2000748|Garden perennials
2000749|Garden perennials
2000750|Garden perennials: bulbs
2000751|Garden perennials: bulbs
2000752|Garden perennials: flowering shrubs
2000753|Garden perennials: flowering shrubs
2000754|Flowers of the Arctic tundra
2000755|Flowers of the needleleaf forest
2000756|Flowers of the broadleaf forest
2000757|Flowers of the broadleaf forest
2000758|Flowers of the prairies and dry plains
2000759|Flowers of the prairies and dry plains
2000760|Flowers of the prairies and dry plains
2000761|Flowers of summer-dry regions
2000762|Flowers of Alpine tundras
2000763|Flowers of the desert
2000764|Flowers of the desert
2000765|Flowers of the desert
2000766|Flowers of the tropics and subtropics
2000767|Goldfinches
2000769|Models of the atom
2000771|The bigmouth buffalo is a large food fish.
2000772|The body of a caterpillar is made up of 14 segments.
2000773|The grass carp is a hardy fish that eats water plants.
2000775|DNA and RNA
2000777|A person's circulatory system consists chiefly of a pump--the heart--and a network of blood vessels.
2000778|The compound eye of a fruit fly, left, is made up of structures called ommatidia.
2000779|Types of crickets
2000780|The organs with which the cricket "sings." At the right are shown the cricket's front wings, folded along its back so that the right wing nearly covers the left.
2000781|The diaphragm is a large, dome-shaped muscle that plays a major role in respiration.
2000782|A bald eagle, its powerful wings spread wide, returns to its aerie (nest) with food for its hungry young.
2000783|The golden eagle is a feared hunter.
2000784|The harpy eagle lives in Central and South American rain forests and feeds on monkeys, sloths, and other animals.
2000785|Steller's sea eagle is one of the largest and most powerful eagles.
2000786|Body of an earthworm
2000787|The eel is a long, thin fish that resembles a snake.
2000788|The elephant's-ear plant gets its name from the leaves, which are shaped like a large ear or shield.
2000791|Evolution of mammals from reptiles
2000792|Common types of fishing nets
2000793|Common methods of hooking and trapping
2000794|The foot has three sets of bones--the tarsals, or anklebones; metatarsals, or instep bones; and phalanges, or toe bones.
2000795|Some common kinds of fractures
2000796|Skeleton of a grass frog
2000797|A frog's internal anatomy resembles that of higher animals in many ways.
2000798|The human body has two kinds of glands--endocrine and exocrine.
2000799|Body of a grasshopper
2000800|External anatomy of an insect
2000801|Insect mouthparts
2000802|Insect legs and feet
2000803|Internal anatomy of an insect
2000805|Blood enters the kidney through the renal artery.
2000806|The knee is the joint at which the thighbone meets the large bone of the lower leg, left.
2000807|Body of an American lobster
2000808|Some major characteristics of mammals
2000809|Although mammals differ greatly in size and shape, they all share a number of physical characteristics.
2000810|Teeth of mammals
2000811|How the skeleton is adapted for movement
2000812|A moth's body has three main parts: (1) head, (2) thorax, and (3) abdomen.
2000813|The human nervous system has three main parts: (1) the central nervous system, (2) the peripheral nervous system, and (3) the autonomic nervous system, which consists of sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
2000814|A neuron has three basic parts.
2000815|A hydraulic elevator is lifted and lowered by a ram (piston).
2000816|A gearless traction elevator has steel cables called hoisting ropes that fit around a sheave.
2000817|Human reproductive system
2000818|Body of a spider
2000819|Spider faces and feet
2000820|Types of distillation
2000821|Surface mining includes dredging and furrow mining.
2000823|How soil is formed
2000824|The sun is our chief source of energy.
2000825|How solar energy heats a house
2000826|The alewife lives in the Great Lakes and along the Atlantic Coast of North America.
2000827|The greater amberjack is the largest species of this fast-swimming game fish.
2000828|The anchovy is a popular food fish.
2000829|The argonaut is an eight-armed animal that lives in warm sea waters.
2000830|Pacific barracuda
2000831|The Pacific bonito lives in the Pacific Ocean.
2000832|The yellow bullhead, like other bullheads, has several long hornlike growths near its mouth.
2000833|The cane toad has spread rapidly through Australia.
2000835|The creek chub may grow to a length of 1 foot (30 centimeters).
2000836|The cinquefoil grows in most cold regions.
2000837|The citrange looks and tastes like an orange.
2000838|The Pacific cod lives in the waters of the northern Pacific Ocean and the Bering Sea.
2000839|The white crappie is a popular freshwater game fish and food fish.
2000840|The Johnny darter is a small fish of the perch family.
2000841|The doctorfish lives in tropical parts of the Atlantic Ocean.
2000842|The spiny dogfish is a member of the shark family.
2000843|The dogtooth violet is a dainty spring wild flower.
2000844|The European bark beetle is one of the two kinds of beetles that spread Dutch elm fungus disease from tree to tree.
2000845|Euglenas are tiny freshwater organisms.
2000846|The flyingfish uses its tail to propel itself from the water into the air, where the fish's large fins aid in flight.
2000847|The forget-me-not grows clusters of light-blue flowers.
2000848|The longnose gar has long and slender jaws.
2000849|A goby lives in shallow ocean waters.
2000850|A grayling has a slender body with colorful fins.
2000851|The grunion is a small, silvery fish that lives along the coast of southern California and northwestern Mexico.
2000852|One species of American grunt is the pigfish.
2000853|A gymnosperm is a plant that has exposed seeds.
2000854|The gypsy moth is a destructive forest pest.
2000855|The haddock is an important food fish.
2000856|A hake has two fins on its back and a long fin on its underside.
2000857|The halibut is an important food fish that lives in northern waters.
2000858|Pacific herring inhabit the ocean's northern waters.
2000859|The lanternfish has organs along the sides of its head and body that enable the fish to create its own light.
2000860|The leafhopper destroys plants by sucking out juices.
2000861|The locust, a type of grasshopper, has a large head, short antennae, and long legs.
2000862|The South American lungfish has an eel-shaped body with threadlike fins.
2000863|The mackerel has blue-green skin and a forked tail.
2000864|The milk snake is valuable to farmers because it eats the mice that live in and around farm buildings.
2000865|Minnows make up the largest family of freshwater fishes.
2000866|Two types of mites
2000867|A mole cricket burrows in the ground like a mole.
2000868|A naked mole-rat has wrinkled skin and scattered hair.
2000869|The muskellunge is a large North American pike.
2000870|The paca is a large rodent that lives in forests.
2000871|The black pacu is an important food fish in Brazil.
2000872|The American paddlefish has an oarlike snout.
2000873|A paramecium is a tiny one-celled organism.
2000874|The pink bollworm in the caterpillar stage may seriously damage the blossoms and bolls of the cotton plant.
2000875|Pollock is a popular food fish.
2000876|The puffer becomes twice its normal size and floats on the surface of the water when it inflates its stomach.
2000877|The roach is a small, slow-swimming fish that lives in European lowland rivers and lakes.
2000878|The sable is a rare animal that is native to Siberia.
2000879|A European sardine, or pilchard, grows from 9 to 12 inches (23 to 30 centimeters) long.
2000880|The scorpion has a poisonous sting in its tail.
2000881|The shad is an important North American food fish.
2000882|A shrew is a small animal that resembles a sharp-nosed mouse.
2000883|Smelts are food fish.
2000884|The northern red snapper is common in the Gulf of Mexico.
2000885|The spot is named for the spot on its shoulder.
2000886|The squid has 10 arms, which are covered with sucking disks used to catch prey.
2000887|A stonefish has a stout body with wartlike skin.
2000888|The stonefly usually lives near brooks or streams.
2000889|The sturgeon has rows of bony plates protecting its head and most of its body.
2000890|Some members of the thrush family are the European blackbird, left, the wood thrush, center, and the veery, right.
2000891|The tilefish lives along the coast of New England.
2000892|The triggerfish lives in warm coastal waters.
2000893|The yellowfin tuna provides light meat for canning.
2000894|The turmeric plant is native to southern Asia.
2000895|The yellow-throated vireo builds its nest high in the treetops of forests.
2000896|The wahoo is an excellent game and food fish that lives in the warm waters of all oceans.
2000897|The common walkingstick resembles a twig.
2000898|Weevils are insect pests that damage crops.
2000899|The wintergreen has white blossoms and red berries.
2000900|A wolffish has powerful jaws and teeth.
2000901|Woodpecker
2000902|The California sheepshead is a Pacific wrasse.
2000903|Zinnias are popular garden flowers.
2000904|A single plant produces many zucchini squash.
2000905|Curling is played in a rectangular area on a level sheet of ice.
2000906|Drainage systems remove excess water from the soil.
2000907|A flood occurs when a river rises above its normal level and overflows its banks.
2000910|Every forest has various strata (layers) of plants.
2000912|The Great Plains, shown in yellow, is an important agricultural and mining region of Canada and the United States.
2000913|The Gulf Stream originates in the western Caribbean Sea.
2000914|The Himalaya, the world's highest mountain range, forms a great natural barrier between the Tibetan plateau of China, and India and Nepal.
2000914|The Himalaya, the world's highest mountain range, forms a great natural barrier between the Tibetan plateau of China, and India and Nepal.
2000915|A hookworm usually enters the body through the skin.
2000916|Horseshoe pitching is played on a rectangular court that has a stake set in a pitching box at each end.
2000917|Some kinds of hawks
2000918|Some kinds of hawks
2000919|Hummingbirds
2000920|The International Date Line runs down the middle of the Pacific Ocean.
2000921|The Japan Current flows north from the Philippine Sea to the coast of Japan.
2000922|The kouprey is a rare animal found in Southeast Asia.
2000923|Kush, shown in yellow, occupied an area along the Nile River in what is now Sudan.
2000924|Some kinds of monkeys
2000925|Some kinds of monkeys
2000926|Some kinds of parakeets
2000927|Some kinds of parrots
2000928|Peanuts grow underground.
2000929|Animals of the Paleozoic Era
2000930|Animals of the Mesozoic Era
2000931|Animals of the Cenozoic Era
2000932|Cross section of a grain of rice
2000933|Some kinds of sparrows
2000934|Some kinds of warblers
2000935|Some kinds of whales
2000936|Some kinds of whales
2000937|Some kinds of whales
2000938|Some kinds of whales
2000939|Some kinds of wrens
2000940|Some kinds of wrens
2000943|Some functions of the circulatory system
2000944|Development of coal
2000945|Body of a common dolphin
2000949|Some basic types of lures
2000950|Kinds of fog
2000951|How a forest develops
2000952|How timber is harvested
2000956|Hawaiian honeycreeper
2000959|Main kinds of human joints
2000960|Some knots, hitches, and splices
2000961|Some knots, hitches, and splices
2000962|Some knots, hitches, and splices
2000963|Some knots, hitches, and splices
2000964|The right lung consists of three lobes, and the left lung, two.
2000965|A mandrake has a large, thick root.
2000967|Location of Mesopotamia
2000968|Metamorphosis of a frog
2000969|The millipede is a wormlike, many-legged animal.
2000971|The Mormon cricket is very destructive to crops in the Western United States.
2000972|Anatomy of a mosquito
2000973|A mullet has a stout, silvery-blue body.
2000974|The dark green leaves of the mustard plant make an excellent summer vegetable that is high in vitamin content.
2000975|One of the principal routes to the West used by the pioneers, the National Road was more than 500 miles (800 kilometers) long.
2000978|Body of an octopus
2000981|A profile of the Panama Canal shows a ship's course through the waterway.
2000983|After lining the well hole with pipes called casing, the crew lowers an instrument called a perforator into the well.
2000984|How oil is recovered
2000985|Equipment for developing and printing includes the items shown here.
2000986|How to develop film
2000987|Sound waves can help find oil.
2000988|The chain pickerel is a popular fresh-water game fish.
2000989|How plastic products are made
2000990|How plastic products are made
2000991|Plymouth Colony was founded in 1620 by Pilgrims who sailed from England aboard the Mayflower.
2000994|Recreational vehicles provide living quarters for people who are camping or traveling.
2000995|Orange roughy is a popular food fish.
2000996|Types of carpet weaves
2000997|A tufted floor covering consists of pile yarns called tufts, which are forced through a backing by needles.
2000998|Knots for most Oriental rugs are made in one of two ways.
2001002|The sawfish, a type of ray, has a sharklike body and a long snout.
2001003|Body of a shark
2001004|Prehistoric and Ancient Egyptian ships
2001005|Phoenician and Greek ships
2001006|Roman ships
2001007|Viking ships
2001008|Ships of the 1200's to the 1500's
2001009|Ships of the 1500's to the 1800's
2001010|Ships of the 1800's
2001011|Few seagoing sailing ships are used today.
2001012|Engine-powered ships
2001013|Engine-powered ships
2001014|Body of a snail
2001015|The common black snakeroot produces a medicinal drug.
2001016|Body of a female fin whale
2001017|Some species of wheat
2001018|The speckled alder has stalkless flowers called catkins.
2001019|The red ash grows in the Eastern United States.
2001020|Balsa is so light that large planks of it can easily be carried by a youngster.
2001021|The bayberry shrub grows in coastal areas of eastern North America.
2001022|The bitternut hickory gets its name from the bitter taste of its smooth, round nuts.
2001023|The Great Basin bristlecone pine ranks among the oldest living things.
2001024|The silver buffaloberry produces bright red fruit.
2001025|The cacao tree bears pods on short stems close to the trunk.
2001026|The camphor tree is the source of camphor.
2001028|The cascara sagrada has oval leaves and black, berrylike fruit.
2001029|The main kinds of cedars, scale-leaved and needle-leaved cedars, differ in structure.
2001030|The American chestnut has toothed, glossy green leaves.
2001031|The cork oak tree provides most of the world's supply of cork.
2001032|The crab apple tree has large white to deep pink flowers.
2001033|The cycad plant bears its seeds in cones.
2001034|An elder is a tree or shrub of the honeysuckle family.
2001035|The American elm has gray bark and oval leaves with saw-toothed edges.
2001036|The eucalyptus is an important commercial tree.
2001037|The California red fir grows in the mountains of California and southern Oregon.
2001038|The fringetree is named for its delicate threadlike or fringelike white flower petals that bloom in the early springtime.
2001039|The sugarberry is a hackberry found in the Southeast.
2001040|The hazel tree produces light-brown nuts that are good to eat.
2001041|The western hemlock is a valuable timber tree.
2001042|The pignut hickory is one of the most common hickory trees in central and eastern North America.
2001043|The ironwood is a hardwood birch tree.
2001044|The jacaranda is a beautiful flowering tree that grows in tropical and subtropical climates.
2001045|The eastern redcedar, a type of juniper, is commercially important in the United States.
2001046|The western larch grows in the Western United States and Canada.
2001047|The litchi is an evergreen tree that grows in warm climates.
2001048|The live oak grows in the Southeastern States.
2001049|The black locust is a popular North American shade tree.
2001050|The big-leaf magnolia has large flowers and leaves.
2001051|The mangosteen is a tree from Southeast Asia that produces edible, juicy fruit with a yellowish to reddish-purple rind.
2001053|The pawpaw tree is native to North America.
2001054|The peppertree gets its name from its strong-smelling red berries.
2001055|The balsam poplar grows in Canada and the Northern United States.
2001057|The sapodilla tree has leathery evergreen leaves.
2001058|The sourwood is a beautiful American tree that bears clusters of small, bell-shaped flowers during the summertime.
2001059|The tamarind has compound leaves and small flowers.
2001060|The teak tree grows in forests of southeastern Asia.
2001061|The tung tree is the source of tung oil.
2001062|Witch hazel has clusters of feathery, golden flowers.
2001063|George Herbert Walker Bush
2001064|The Southwestern Plain covers almost the entire western coast of South Korea.
2001065|The Northern Mountains region extends across almost all of central North Korea.
2001066|General Douglas MacArthur, center, led the Inchon landing, a surprise move that turned the tide of war in the Allies' favor in September 1950.
2001067|The Northern Highlands region includes steep bluffs on Cape Breton Island that slope to the sea.
2001068|News photography was born during the mid-1800's with the work of Mathew Brady of the United States and other photographers.
2001069|Seoul's South Gate dates from the city's founding in the late 1300's.
2001070|A statue of Shakespeare stands in Stratford's Holy Trinity Church, where the playwright is buried.
2001071|Sunspots appear as irregularly shaped dark patches on the surface of the sun.
2001072|Tea pluckers near Kandy, Sri Lanka, pick leaves from mature tea plants.
2001073|Hans Christian Andersen enjoyed reading his fairy tales to children.
2001074|Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross in 1881.
2001075|Alexander Graham Bell called Chicago from New York City in 1892 to demonstrate the use of the telephone to businessmen.
2001076|The U.S. battleship Maine arrived in Havana in 1898 to protect Americans during Cuba's fight for freedom from Spain.
2001077|Jefferson Davis
2001078|Queen Elizabeth II serves as the monarch of the United Kingdom and as the head of the Commonwealth of Nations.
2001080|Mahatma Gandhi won freedom for India.
2001081|Geronimo led Indian attacks on troops and settlers in the southwestern States and Mexico during the 1870's and 1880's.
2001082|The layers of dense clouds around Jupiter appear in a photograph of the planet taken by the Voyager 1 space probe.
2001083|A photograph by Dorothea Lange taken in 1936 captures the despair of a migrant family during the Great Depression.
2001084|An aircraft manufacturing plant in Columbus produces bomber parts for the United States Air Force.
2001085|Jonas E. Salk administers an injection during the mass testing of his polio vaccine in 1954.
2001086|A South Asian farmer gets advice from a government farm expert.
2001087|Mount Everest, the highest place on earth, towers 29,028 feet (8,848 meters) on the Nepal-Tibet border.
2001088|Scenic limestone hills near the city of Guilin in southern China are among the most unusual features of China's vast countryside.
2001089|Workers harvest sugar cane on a government-owned farm.
2001090|World-famous Havana cigars rank among Cuba's leading exports.
2001091|Hot, rainy Indonesia has an ideal climate for growing rubber trees.
2001093|Apartment towers by Mies van der Rohe show the geometric simplicity of his steel and glass designs.
2001094|Olympic Stadium features the world's first retractable stadium dome.
2001095|Samuel F. B. Morse first won recognition as a painter.
2001096|Icy crust of Triton
2001098|A residential area in Caracas, Venezuela's capital and largest city, has many high-rise apartment buildings.
2001099|The Llanos consist of gently sloping plains that stretch across central Venezuela.
2001100|The retina has cells called rods and cones, which absorb light rays and change them into electrical signals.
2001101|The garter snake is a graceful, harmless snake of North America and Central America.
2001102|The Labrador Current flows along the eastern shore of Labrador and the island of Newfoundland.
2001103|Inside a typical green leaf
2001104|Kinds of lettuce
2001105|The licorice plant has blue flowers and glossy leaves.
2001106|This map shows the Mali Empire, in dark gray, at the height of its power in 1337.
2001107|The Frasch method of mining sulfur involves pumping hot water into the deposit through a pipe to melt the sulfur.
2001108|Some common molecules
2001109|Some types of nails
2001110|Different kinds of needles are made for special purposes.
2001111|The nervous system enables us to adjust to changes in our surroundings.
2001112|The system shown in this diagram uses a pressurized water reactor, which heats water under high pressure.
2001113|Ocean currents result from two forces: (1) the action of the wind on surface waters, and (2) the differences in temperature and salt content of surface and deeper waters.
2001114|The Papal States before 1870 were large and important tracts of land in the heart of Italy.
2001115|Pens are used for writing and drawing with ink.
2001117|Aperture size is measured in f-stops, which range above from 2 to 16.
2001119|How plants grow longer and wider
2001121|A cross section of the Great Pyramid shows the Grand Gallery, the King's Chamber, the Queen's Chamber, and various passages.
2001122|Particles given off by radioactive atoms
2001124|Development of a human embryo
2001125|River dolphins
2001126|Typical design for a paved road
2001127|Rope consists of many fibers that have been spun into yarns.
2001128|This map shows the increase in territory that took place in Russia between 1462 and 1914.
2001129|Parts of a sailboat
2001130|Types of sailboats
2001131|The San Andreas Fault is a fracture in the earth's crust that extends through much of California.
2001132|Vascular sap moves through a tree in specialized tissues called xylem and phloem.
2001133|Types of scissors
2001134|A screw is an inclined plane that spirals around a pole.
2001135|Parts of a seed
2001137|The soybean plant stands from 2 to 4 feet (61 to 122 centimeters) high.
2001138|This illustration shows the basic parts of an attack submarine.
2001139|This illustration shows the basic parts of a ballistic missile submarine.
2001140|The white sucker has thick lips on the underside of its snout.
2001141|Inside the sun
2001142|A newly hatched tadpole resembles a small fish.
2001143|This diagram of a U.S. Army M1A1 main battle tank shows the position of the crew members, plus some parts of the vehicle.
2001144|How to brush your teeth
2001145|A terrarium can be made by placing pebbles, charcoal, and a soil mixture in a transparent container.
2001146|A thermos bottle is two bottles in one.
2001147|The toadfish lives on the bottom of the ocean.
2001148|A typical transformer consists of two coils of wire wound around the sides of a core of thin iron sheets.
2001149|The type of trap a person uses depends on the kind of animal being trapped and on whether the animal is to be unharmed or killed.
2001150|Seeds of broadleaf and needleleaf trees
2001151|How a tree reveals its history
2001152|How to plant a tree
2001153|Some kinds of trout
2001154|Skeleton of a land turtle
2001156|A triode vacuum tube creates and controls a flow of electrons in a vacuum.
2001157|A videodisc player converts the pictures and sounds recorded on a disc into TV signals.
2001158|Historic violins
2001159|The wireworm causes great damage to farm crops.
2001160|Weapons of World War I
2001161|Parts of the female reproductive system
2001162|A missile boat of the U.S. Navy can skim over the water on foils.
2001163|The sound track is photographed on film by a beam of light, shown by the dashed line.
2001164|The projector mechanism projects the film image on a screen and also reproduces the sound.
2001165|The drawing at the left shows the chief parts of a mushroom.
2001166|Mushrooms reproduce by releasing spores.
2001167|Pirate flags commonly featured a skull and crossbones.
2001170|Achilles tendon
2001171|The freshwater angelfish of South America's Amazon River is popular in many home aquariums.
2001172|Aphid
2001173|Asp
2001174|Perennial baby's-breath
2001175|Blue bachelor's-buttons
2001176|Beardtongue
2001177|Beggar-tick
2001178|Female black widow
2001179|Blow fly
2001180|Bot fly
2001181|Boxelder bug
2001182|Boysenberries
2001183|Brown recluse
2001184|Camomile
2001185|Campanula
2001186|Canada thistle
2001187|Candytuft
2001188|Caper bush
2001189|Carpet beetle
2001191|Caterpillar
2001192|Cattle tick
2001193|Celandine leaves and buds
2001194|Cherry laurel
2001195|Chickpea
2001196|Harvest mite chigger
2001197|Breathing
2001198|The space probe Voyager 2 was launched on Aug. 20, 1977.
2001200|The Apollo lunar landing missions used two spacecraft.
2001201|The Soviet Soyuz spacecraft could carry three cosmonauts.
2001202|A telephone handset includes a transmitter or microphone, which produces an electric "copy" of the user's voice, and a receiver, which duplicates the voice of the person on the other end of the line.
2001203|An X-ray telescope aboard Rosat, a satellite launched in 1990, reflects X rays off curved mirrors at a slight angle called a grazing incidence.
2001204|Chinch bug
2001205|Chinese cabbage
2001206|Flowering chive plants
2001207|Cineraria blossoms
2001208|Male cockatiel
2001209|Cockroach
2001210|The cocoon of a Cecropia moth is attached to a tree twig.
2001211|Coltsfoot
2001212|Double-crested cormorant
2001213|Crayfish
2001214|Daddy longlegs
2001215|Deer fly
2001216|Deutzia
2001217|Devil's paintbrush
2001218|Dewberries
2001219|American dipper
2001220|Spreading dogbane
2001221|Dutchman's-breeches
2001222|Edelweiss
2001223|The esophagus connects the throat with the stomach.
2001224|Face fly
2001225|Fennel
2001226|Common European flea
2001227|Fruit fly
2001228|Garlic bulb
2001229|Geoduck
2001230|Gnat
2001231|Gooseberries
2001232|Grain weevil
2001233|Hollyhock
2001234|Coral honeysuckle
2001235|Hoopoe
2001236|Giant hornet
2001237|Horse fly
2001238|Shoots of horsetail
2001239|Houseleek
2001240|Black huckleberry
2001241|Japanese beetle
2001242|Junebug
2001243|Kola nuts
2001244|Ladybug
2001245|Larkspur
2001246|The larynx has a framework of cartilage.
2001247|Lavender
2001248|Lentil
2001249|Garden loosestrife
2001250|Lyrebird
2001251|Macadamia nut
2001252|Mayfly
2001253|Eastern meadowlark
2001254|Mediterranean fruit fly
2001255|Common midge
2001256|Mignonette
2001257|Millet
2001258|Mint plant
2001259|American mistletoe
2001260|Motmot
2001261|Common mullein
2001262|Clark's nutcracker
2001263|Ocotillo looks like a bunch of dry sticks thrust into the sand in dry periods.
2001264|Common plantain
2001265|Pokeweed berries
2001266|Portulaca
2001267|Psyllium
2001268|Pupa
2001269|Rape plant
2001270|Common sage
2001271|The salsify root acquires an oyster flavor after a heavy frost, and so the vegetable is often called oyster plant.
2001272|Salvia plant
2001273|Sandbur
2001274|Sawfly
2001275|Early saxifrage
2001276|Scale insect
2001277|Scarab
2001278|Seahorse
2001279|The sesame plant bears capsules that contain seeds.
2001280|Shamrock
2001281|Common slipperwort
2001282|The common greenbrier is a type of smilax.
2001283|Snowdrop
2001284|Red sorrel
2001285|Spearmint
2001286|Divisions of the spine
2001287|Meadowsweet spiraea
2001288|Star-of-Bethlehem
2001289|Stink bug
2001290|Strawflowers
2001291|Taro plant
2001292|Teasel flower head
2001293|Thrips
2001294|Spotted fever tick
2001295|Tsetse fly
2001296|Ruddy turnstone
2001297|Umbrellabird
2001298|Upland sandpiper
2001299|Adult warble fly
2001300|Giant water scavenger
2001301|Water boatman
2001302|Whitefly
2001303|Willet
2001304|Wood louse
2001305|European wryneck
2001306|Queen yellow jacket
2001307|A rain tree has spreading branches that may extend 100 feet (30 meters) or more across.
2001308|First seven U.S. astronauts
2001309|Minneapolis is the largest city in Minnesota and an important Midwestern economic center.
2001310|After splashdown, three balloons righted the Apollo 11 spacecraft in the water, and an orange collar helped keep it afloat.
2001311|Inside an Apollo lunar module simulator, astronaut Neil A. Armstrong practices a moon landing.
2001312|The first people on the moon were U.S. astronauts Neil A. Armstrong, who took this picture, and Edwin E. Aldrin, Jr., next to a seismograph.
2001313|Crafts of the Plains Indians included personal belongings decorated with painted designs.
2001314|Shield covers were often decorated with symbolic designs.
2001315|Weapons were made mostly of wood and bone.
2001316|Mission San Jose was established in San Antonio, Tex., in 1720.
2001317|Helmut Jahn's State of Illinois Center in downtown Chicago was completed in 1985.
2001318|Mars's surface features, including light areas, dark areas, and polar cap, are visible in this photograph taken from the earth.
2001319|Some masks have skirts that cover much of the wearer's body.
2001320|Many masks have grotesque features.
2001321|An arts and crafts fair in Berea features work by some of Kentucky's finest artists and craftworkers.
2001322|Crafts of the Tropical Forest Indians included feathered headbands made from the plumes of colorful jungle birds.
2001323|Crafts of the Southwestern Indians included excellent pottery.
2001325|Crafts of Northeastern and Southeastern Indians included bowls, spoons, and other utensils carved from an abundant supply of wood in those regions.
2001326|Tooth shells were used much as money by the Indians of the Northwest Coast.
2001327|The Illinois River valley is a major feeding and resting ground for waterfowl.
2001328|Sheep herding is Greenland's chief agricultural activity.
2001329|Astronaut John H. Glenn, Jr., became the first American to orbit the earth.
2001330|A space shuttle is transported to the launch facility at Cape Canaveral.
2001331|Foreign language classes are an important part of every Chinese student's education.
2001332|Middle East leaders met with President Carter at Camp David, Md., in 1978 to discuss ways to bring peace to their war-torn region.
2001333|An early baseball game between two organized teams took place on the Elysian Fields in Hoboken, N.J., on June 19, 1846.
2001334|The Hubble Space Telescope was launched into orbit in 1990.
2001335|Aruba is a scenic island in the West Indies.
2001336|Art nouveau is characterized by long, flowing lines that twist in snakelike fashion.
2001337|Inuit (also called Eskimos) are one of Alaska's native peoples.
2001338|Workers prepare corn on the cob in a processing plant in Le Sueur.
2001339|The Great Nebula in the constellation Orion is a huge cloud of dust and gas.
2001340|New South Wales lies in southeastern Australia.
2001341|Turner Falls tumbles 77 feet (23 meters) into Honey Creek in the Arbuckle Mountains region of south-central Oklahoma.
2001342|Harvesting oranges that are to be sold as fresh fruit involves clipping the ripe fruit by hand.
2001343|At a packing house oranges that are to be sold as fresh fruit are sorted according to grade and size.
2001344|Dock at North Lake, a fishing village on East Point.
2001345|A crowded ferry takes passengers to Block Island, a popular Rhode Island resort and recreation area.
2001347|A typical painting by Mark Rothko emphasizes rectangles of color.
2001348|Rouault's The Old King resembles a stained-glass window with its thick black lines enclosing areas of bright color.
2001349|The dark side of Saturn's rings was photographed by Voyager 1 as it flew by the side opposite the sun.
2001350|Forest-covered mountains rise in South Carolina's Up Country.
2001351|Fort Sumter
2001352|Corn Palace in Mitchell
2001353|Falls of the Big Sioux River flow near the city of Sioux Falls.
2001354|The sun's corona, the outer edge of its atmosphere, can be studied during a solar eclipse.
2001355|A huge solar eruption was photographed in 1973 by the Skylab space station as it orbited the earth.
2001356|Cane Creek Falls, near Pikeville, is in the Appalachian Plateau region of Tennessee.
2001357|Vanuatu consists of 80 islands in the southwest Pacific Ocean.
2001358|A glassmaker demonstrates his craft to a tour group in a factory in Williamstown.
2001359|Paper mills operate in many parts of Alabama.
2001360|Dom Pedro IV Square, popularly known as the Rossio, is a center of activity in Lisbon.
2001361|Denver, Colorado's capital and largest city, boasts a spectacular view of the Rocky Mountains, which lie just west of the city.
2001362|Inter-tribal Indian ceremonial in Gallup
2001364|Ranchers round up cattle on a North Dakota farm.
2001365|Chirico's major paintings express hidden danger by combining shadows, isolated figures, and exaggerated perspective.
2001366|Crafts of the Caribbean Indians included pottery that had three legs and featured the jaguar and other animals.
2001367|Crafts of the Indians of the Andes included objects shaped from copper, gold, lead, and silver.
2001368|Wide-brimmed hats protected the Northwest Coast Indians from frequent rain.
2001369|Blankets and robes helped keep Northwest Coast Indians warm in chilly weather.
2001370|Crafts of the Northwest Coast Indians included valuable copper shields, which were given away at feasts called potlatches.
2001371|Tokyo's Imperial Palace Plaza, foreground, adds beauty and charm to the busy downtown section of the city.
2001372|The Family by Marisol
2001373|The Cheyenne by Frederic Remington
2001374|A color lithograph by Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, a French artist, decorated an 1893 magazine cover.
2001377|The Massacre of the Innocents by Giovanni Pisano
2001378|Red Petals by Alexander Calder
2001379|The Battle of the Alamo took place in a mission in San Antonio.
2001380|Creating and enjoying art rank among humanity's most important activities.
2001381|The first college game was played between Rutgers and what is now Princeton in 1869.
2001382|Bands of Indians hunted and fished along the Subarctic's many lakes and rivers during the summer.
2001383|Spearfishing was one method of catching fish.
2001384|A Northwest Coast Indian village was typically built near a lake, a stream, or the sea.
2001385|Traditional Korean music features several types of stringed instruments as well as drums, flutes, and gongs.
2001387|The arts of Middle America are world famous.
2001388|A typical Van Dyck portrait shows a full-length figure posed against a landscape background.
2001389|Egypt (Dynasty IV), 2613-2498 B.C.
2001390|Mohenjo-Daro, Pakistan (Indus Valley civilization), about 2500-2000 B.C.
2001391|Rosa Bonheur's The Horse Fair is the artist's best-known work.
2001392|Bony fish (modern and primitive)
2001393|The fish in this group have a skeleton of cartilage.
2001394|These fish have a cartilage skeleton and no jaws.
2001395|The citadel of King Sargon II was built in the Assyrian capital of Khorsabad during the late 700's B.C.
2001396|The Temple of Khons was built in Karnak, Egypt, during the 1100's B.C.
2001397|Some common insect pests
2001398|Three kinds of bees make up a honey bee colony.
2001399|The Reliance Building in Chicago was one of the first modern skyscrapers.
2001400|The machine hall at a Paris exhibition in 1889 was designed by Ferdinand Dutert.
2001404|How steel is shaped and finished
2001405|How steel is shaped and finished
2001406|Fuel is burned in a hot-water heater to heat water.
2001407|Radiant electric heating uses a cable that produces heat from electricity.
2001408|Steam heating works much like hot-water heating, except that water changes to steam in a boiler.
2001409|Conduction carries heat through an object.
2001410|Convection carries heat by circulating a heated material.
2001411|Radiation carries heat in the form of waves through space.
2001412|Assembling an automobile
2001413|Assembling an automobile
2001414|Assembling an automobile
2001416|United States court system
2001417|United States court system
2001418|The conventional method of mining involves a series of steps, three of which require special machinery.
2001419|Continuous-mining equipment eliminates the series of steps in mining a face.
2001420|Longwall mining differs from the other methods of underground mining in its system of roof support.
2001421|How clouds form
2001422|How clouds form
2001423|How clouds form
2001424|Costumes of North and South America
2001425|Costumes of North and South America
2001426|Costumes of North and South America
2001427|Costumes of Africa and the Middle East
2001428|Costumes of Africa and the Middle East
2001429|Costumes of Africa and the Middle East
2001430|Costumes of Asia and the Pacific Islands
2001431|Costumes of Asia and the Pacific Islands
2001432|Costumes of Asia and the Pacific Islands
2001433|Costumes of Europe
2001434|Costumes of Europe
2001435|Costumes of Europe
2001436|Early churches were built, in most cases, on the oblong basilica plan or the round or many-sided centralized plan.
2001437|Pioneer airplanes
2001438|Location of Acadia
2001439|Aegean civilization flourished on the islands and shores of the Aegean Sea between 3000 and 1200 B.C.
2001440|An electrostatic filter, also called an electrostatic precipitator, removes particles of dust and smoke from the air.
2001442|Aircraft take off from and land on the flight deck of a carrier.
2001443|The first manned flights were in balloons filled with hot air.
2001444|An "aerial steam carriage" was patented by William S. Henson of Great Britain in 1843.
2001445|Airplanes of World War I and the 1920's
2001446|Airplanes of the 1930's and World War II
2001447|Airplanes of the 1940's and 1950's
2001448|Airplanes of the Jet Age
2001449|Airplanes of the Jet Age
2001450|This drawing of a light plane, a Piper Cherokee, shows the parts of an airplane.
2001451|Both the pilot's and copilot's yokes control the ailerons and elevator.
2001453|Most of these features are in the mountain ranges that include Italy's border with Austria, France, or Switzerland.
2001454|The ammeter measures the strength of electric currents.
2001455|The various small-arms cartridges differ in the type of projectile they contain.
2001457|Amphibious ships, such as the U.S.S. Tarawa, land troops, weapons, and vehicles for amphibious attacks.
2001458|This drawing shows the nest of a colony of harvester ants.
2001459|Ants develop in four stages: (1) egg, (2) larva, (3) pupa, and (4) adult.
2001461|How antibiotics are produced
2001462|Archaeologists use a method called seriation to show cultural development.
2001463|A truncated cube is a type of Archimedean solid.
2001464|Islamic architecture has produced many beautiful houses of worship called mosques.
2001465|The Pantheon, built as a temple in Rome about A.D. 126, still stands.
2001466|The Roman Empire under Augustus expanded greatly.
2001467|In 1282, almost all of what is now Austria, outlined in red, formed part of the Holy Roman Empire.
2001471|Bearings keep the shafts of machines turning smoothly.
2001472|Stages in the life of a bee
2001473|A worker bee called a scout dances a figure-8 pattern up the honeycomb to show the location of the distant nectar.
2001474|A standard hive has removable drawerlike supers.
2001475|A beetle goes through four stages of development: (1) egg, (2) larva, (3) pupa, and (4) adult.
2001476|This map shows in dark gray the area controlled by the Benin Kingdom, which flourished in the Niger Delta from the mid-1400's to the mid-1600's.
2001477|Some kinds of bicycles
2001478|A Crookes tube produces cathode rays.
2001479|Pool, American snooker, and billiards begin with the balls in certain positions on a table.
2001480|Parts of binoculars
2001481|Pleasure boats of all sizes reflect the rapid growth of boating throughout the world.
2001482|Pleasure boats of all sizes reflect the rapid growth of boating throughout the world.
2001483|Some kinds of bolts
2001484|This diagram shows the chief steps in binding a hardcover book by machine.
2001485|Each wing has a flat bottom and a curved top.
2001486|How bottles are made
2001487|A pneumatic caisson uses compressed air to keep water out of an excavation site.
2001488|Types of calipers
2001489|Plants absorb carbon dioxide exhaled by people and animals, and give off oxygen.
2001491|A furnace heats the air, and a blower forces it through a duct to a register that opens into the room being heated.
2001492|Water is heated in a boiler and pumped through a continuous coil of pipe in the floor of the room being heated.
2001493|A heating system that uses a heat pump operates much like a warm-air system.
2001494|Five kinds of bees
2001495|Five kinds of bees
2001496|Bullets consist of a metal core that is either fully or partly covered by a metal jacket.
2001502|A stone castle of the Middle Ages had high, strong walls and was protected by a wide moat.
2001503|A cathedral is shaped like a cross.
2001504|A cellular telephone system is made up of many adjoining geographic areas called cells.
2001505|Chaldea was a region of ancient Babylonia.
2001506|The queen and king may both move in any direction.
2001507|How chewing gum is made
2001508|A clearinghouse is an institution used by banks to settle their debts with one another.
2001509|Most underground mines in the United States use the room-and-pillar system of mining.
2001510|Mining companies remove mineral impurities from coal by a process called cleaning.
2001511|A band of colors called the visible spectrum forms when white light passes through a prism (a specially shaped glass object).
2001512|How two pigments produce a third color
2001513|Computer systems come in a wide range of sizes and contain varying types of equipment.
2001514|Development of coal
2001515|Development of coal
2001516|Some functions of the circulatory system
2001517|The Confederate States of America
2001519|Body of a crab
2001520|The cross is the most familiar symbol of Christianity.
2001521|A crustacean's body has three main parts: head, thorax, and abdomen.
2001522|The winds of a cyclone spiral in toward a low-pressure center.
2001523|A cyclonic storm develops at a low-pressure center.
2001524|In decomposition, a substance is broken down into simpler products.
2001525|Some principles of design
2001526|Spruance class destroyers of the United States Navy are used mainly for antisubmarine warfare.
2001527|Body and skeleton of a dog
2001528|According to the receptor theory, drugs produce their effects by attaching to receptor molecules in body cells.
2001529|Diving ducks have long, narrow bills with toothlike edges to hold fish, top.
2001530|Sound waves enter the ear through the external auditory canal.
2001531|The waves in the fluid that fills the ducts of the cochlea, left, push against the basilar membrane.
2001532|Ears of various animals
2001533|This diagram shows a highly simplified ecosystem.
2001534|European and North American eels leave their freshwater streams and breed in the Sargasso Sea.
2001536|Power for an electric car comes from batteries that run one or more motors.
2001537|An electric power delivery system has power lines to carry current and transformers to change its voltage.
2001539|How emphysema affects the lungs.
2001540|Enzymes in the digestive system break down food for use in the body.
2001541|In extrusion, a solid material such as metal is shaped by forcing it through the opening in a die.
2001542|How the eye focuses
2001543|Depth perception is the ability to judge distance and to tell the thickness of objects.
2001544|Some animal eyes
2001545|Automated grain storage system
2001546|Fencing moves follow a sequence.
2001547|Fencing weapons and their target areas
2001548|Fish help keep the number of organisms on the earth in balance.
2001549|These drawings show examples of the four main types of fish scales and the pattern each type forms on the fish's body.
2001550|The lateral line system makes a fish sensitive to vibrations in the water.
2001551|Fishing hooks
2001552|Some fishing tackle
2001553|Fishing knots are used for a variety of purposes.
2001554|This illustration shows five of the many ways of rigging a fishing line.
2001555|A flashlight shines as electric current is carried from the batteries to the light bulb by means of a metal strip.
2001556|How flour is milled
2001557|A Koch snowflake is a fractal that is formed by adding small triangles to the sides of larger triangles.
2001558|Frigates serve as patrol ships and as escorts for amphibious and merchant ships.
2001560|A fuel injection system pumps gasoline to a nozzle, which sprays the fuel into a chamber.
2001561|Two types of fuses that protect electric circuits in the home are the plug fuse, left, and the cartridge fuse, right.
2001562|A home heating furnace is a type of combustion furnace.
2001563|Genghis Khan started his empire from Karakorum in 1206.
2001565|Germany in World War I drove deep into eastern Europe, overwhelming the old-fashioned Russian army.
2001566|After World War II, Germany was divided into zones occupied by the victors--the United States, Great Britain, France, and the Soviet Union.
2001567|Grafting involves joining a scion--a bud or cutting from one plant--to a stock--the root system of another plant.
2001568|In whip grafting, a scion and a stock of about the same diameter are joined.
2001569|In cleft grafting, a cut is made in the top of the stock.
2001570|In bark grafting, the bark of the stock is slit and peeled back.
2001571|The Greek kingdom formed in 1832 covered less than half of present-day Greece.
2001572|A two-degree-of-freedom gyroscope has its rotor and axle mounted on two pivoting rings, called gimbals, that enable the axle to maintain its direction when the gyro's support moves.
2001573|A laser gyroscope provides guidance without using a spinning rotor.
2001574|Hammers are made in many different shapes and sizes to do a variety of jobs.
2001575|The Colt .45 automatic pistol is used primarily for personal defense.
2001576|Coronary bypass surgery enables blood to flow around blockages in coronary arteries.
2001577|The development of the heart-lung machine in the 1950's made open-heart surgery possible.
2001578|Heat energy can be changed into other forms of energy.
2001579|Types of helicopters
2001580|Early helicopters
2001581|Hemispheres
2001582|Mendel's experiments on heredity
2001583|Skates and a stick are part of every hockey player's equipment.
2001584|Horns and antlers differ in structure.
2001585|Body of a horse
2001586|Bottom of a horse's hoof
2001587|Skeleton of a horse
2001588|A horse's foot has a single toe, which is formed by the pastern bones and the pedal bone.
2001589|These illustrations show some of the ancestors of the modern horse.
2001590|Carbon dioxide and oxygen are exchanged in the lungs, which lie close to the heart.
2001591|Two kinds of hydrofoils
2001592|Hydroponics involves growing plants without soil by one of two chief methods.
2001593|A sized-ice machine produces short tubes of ice.
2001594|How ice cream is made
2001595|Many languages were spoken on the Plains.
2001596|This map shows the federally managed Indian reservations in the United States.
2001597|Simple induction coil
2001598|Three patterns of insect growth
2001599|Iron is made in a blast furnace by means of chemical reactions among iron ore, coke, limestone, and a blast of heated air.
2001600|Direct reduction produces solid iron.
2001601|Q-BOP is a version of the basic oxygen process.
2001602|Making steel by the basic oxygen process
2001603|In an open-hearth furnace, the charge is melted by flames from fuel burners.
2001604|Steelmakers cast molten steel into blocks called ingots by pouring it from a ladle into molds made of cast iron, left.
2001605|Isobars on a map connect places that have the same air pressure.
2001606|Isothermal lines on a map connect places that have the same average temperature.
2001607|Kublai Khan ruled the Mongol Empire in the late 1200's.
2001608|Location of Lapland
2001609|Most liquid air is manufactured by the Claude process.
2001610|The bolt of a door lock slides back and forth.
2001611|The key is inserted into the cylinder-locking mechanism.
2001612|A mortise lock is cut into a door.
2001613|A rim lock has a bolt enclosed in a frame mounted on the inside surface of the door.
2001614|A cylindrical, or knob, lock has a locking mechanism that is part of the doorknob.
2001616|A combination lock has a dial that is connected to tumblers inside the lock case.
2001617|A padlock is a portable lock that has a steel case containing the locking mechanism.
2001618|The weather in North America is greatly influenced by the movements of air masses.
2001619|Making steel by the electric furnace process
2001620|Making steel by the electric furnace process
2001623|Formation of fronts
2001624|Formation of fronts
2001626|The Yuan (Mongol) dynasty ruled China from 1279 to 1368.
2001629|Clashes at Lexington and Concord opened the Revolutionary War.
2001631|The earliest civilizations arose in four river valleys in Asia and Africa between about 3500 B.C. and the 1700's B.C.
2001632|Powerful empires emerged as civilization advanced and spread between 1200 B.C. and A.D. 500.
2001633|European colonial empires had spread over much of the world by the late 1800's.
2001634|A cone is a solid figure.
2001635|The pitch is marked by batting and bowling creases.
2001636|A croquet player scores a point by hitting the ball through a wicket with a mallet.
2001637|How the semicircular canals work
2001638|The Nile River was the lifeblood of ancient Egypt.
2001639|A typical country estate in ancient Egypt had a shallow pool enclosed in a courtyard.
2001640|Steam electric power plants create steam by heating water in a nuclear reactor or in a combustion chamber, where coal, oil, or gas is burned.
2001641|A hydroelectric power plant uses the force of falling water from a reservoir to turn a turbine that drives a generator.
2001642|A bustling market place called the agora was the center of activity in ancient Greek cities.
2001643|Greek cargo ships sailed among the Greek islands and to overseas colonies and foreign lands.
2001644|The Inca ruled a vast, rich empire in South America.
2001645|The Indian Territory in 1906 lay east of the Oklahoma Territory.
2001646|Inside a diesel-electric locomotive, a diesel engine turns a generator.
2001647|Machine tools
2001648|Machine tools
2001649|Electrical discharge machining (EDM) produces smooth, accurate holes in metal by means of an electric current.
2001650|High-energy rate forming (HERF) uses an explosive charge to force sheet metal into the contours of a die.
2001651|The Strait of Magellan is located at the southern tip of South America.
2001652|A Maya city called Tikal lies in what is now Guatemala.
2001653|The Mexican Cession was the land Mexico ceded (gave up) to the United States in the Mexican War.
2001654|The Republic of Mexico was established in 1824.
2001655|A mirage can be caused by light rays bending when they pass through substances of different densities.
2001656|The New England Confederation was formed in 1643 by four New England colonies.
2001657|New France in the early 1700's extended from Labrador to the Gulf of Mexico and included the Mississippi River Valley.
2001658|The New York State Barge Canal System consists of the Erie Canal and three other canals.
2001659|Nitrogen makes up about 78 percent of the earth's atmosphere, but most organisms cannot use nitrogen in its gaseous form.
2001660|An atom consists of a nucleus and one or more electrons.
2001662|The core is the heart of a nuclear reactor.
2001663|How a reactor works
2001664|Fission nuclear weapons
2001665|A possible design of a thermonuclear warhead is shown here.
2001666|Offset lithography printing is not done directly from a printing plate or from type.
2001667|Crude oil is obtained from oil shale by a process called retorting.
2001668|This diagram shows how wind flows through a pipe organ.
2001669|Oyster
2001670|Paint is made by mixing colored pigment powder in a liquid vehicle that contains one or more resins and a solvent.
2001671|This chart shows the major features of the hand used in reading palms.
2001672|Location of the Panama Canal Zone
2001673|The sex of an adult budgie can usually be told by the color of the cere, the patch of skin just above the beak.
2001674|Parallax causes a nearby star to shift position among more distant stars, when viewed from opposite ends of the earth's orbit.
2001675|Parthia was an ancient kingdom in Asia.
2001676|The bones of the pelvis form a basinlike structure.
2001677|Gizzard
2001678|Peppermint
2001679|The phosphorus cycle is slow and irregular because it takes hundreds of millions of years for movements of the earth's crust to return sediments to land.
2001680|A camera is basically a box with a lens at one end and film at the other.
2001681|The pimento bears small berries used to make the spice called allspice, Jamaica pepper, or pimento.
2001682|Plants play an important part in the cycle of nature.
2001683|Many plants reproduce by vegetative propagation.
2001684|Seeds have a variety of features that help them to be scattered to almost every part of the world.
2001685|Location of the Polish Corridor
2001686|Polyhedrons are solid figures with four or more flat surfaces called faces.
2001687|Some kinds of primates
2001688|Gutenberg's press probably looked like this drawing.
2001689|Types of prisms include right prisms and oblique prisms.
2001690|How rain forms
2001691|Famous ranch brands of the Old West.
2001694|How a multistage rocket works
2001695|A solid-propellant rocket burns a solid material called the grain.
2001696|A liquid-propellant rocket carries fuel and an oxidizer in separate tanks.
2001697|An ion rocket is a kind of electric rocket.
2001698|A nuclear rocket uses the heat from a nuclear reactor to change a liquid fuel into a gas.
2001699|The basic parts of a model rocket are sold in kits by many hobby stores.
2001700|The American dog tick is one of two types of ticks that transmit Rocky Mountain spotted fever.
2001701|A triumphal procession paraded through the Roman Forum, the chief public square of ancient Rome, when a victorious general returned from war.
2001702|Trained warriors called gladiators battled to the death before huge crowds in ancient Rome.
2001703|Aqueduct construction was one of the peacetime activities of the Roman army.
2001704|Rose chafer
2001706|Most ruminants have a stomach with four compartments: the rumen, reticulum, omasum, and abomasum.
2001707|Most artificial satellites travel in one of the three types of orbits shown here.
2001708|Kinds of saws
2001709|A scallop has a hard shell.
2001710|Location of Scandinavia
2001711|A sea urchin is covered by long, movable spines.
2001712|External and internal senses
2001713|Location of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World
2001714|The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus was one of the largest temples built by the Greeks.
2001715|The statue of Zeus at Olympia, Greece, was probably the most famous statue made by the Greeks.
2001716|The pyramids of Egypt at Giza are the best preserved of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
2001717|The Lighthouse of Alexandria, Egypt, was the world's first important lighthouse.
2001718|The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus was a great marble tomb.
2001719|The Hanging Gardens of Babylon probably were built by King Nebuchadnezzar II after he married a mountain princess.
2001720|The Colossus of Rhodes was built in honor of the sun god Helios.
2001721|Parts of a univalve shell
2001722|Parts of a bivalve shell
2001723|Shipping companies fly a private flag, called a house flag, to identify the ships they own or operate.
2001724|Parts of a pump action shotgun
2001725|Silk-screen prints can be made in several ways.
2001726|Breath-hold divers usually use a face mask and swim fins in addition to a snorkel.
2001727|The Jacobson's organ in snakes is used with the tongue to detect odors.
2001728|Pit organs enable a snake to locate prey by the body heat the animal gives off.
2001729|An elastic loop propels the pole spear and Hawaiian sling.
2001730|A sphere is a solid globelike figure.
2001731|A sponge's body has many openings and passages that allow water to flow through the animal.
2001732|Plants, algae, fungi, bacteria, and protozoans form spores that vary in size and shape.
2001733|The various kinds of stems differ in structure.
2001734|To obtain raw sugar from sugar cane, processors first wash and shred the cane.
2001735|How sulfur is obtained
2001737|Swimming pools are divided into lanes for races, one lane for each swimmer.
2001739|A table tennis table is divided into halves by a low net.
2001740|Two ways to hold a table tennis racket are shown above.
2001741|In an analog tape recorder, the tape travels from the supply reel to the take-up reel past various stationary heads.
2001742|Recording tape consists of a plastic base coated with metallic particles that are easily magnetized.
2001744|A pork tapeworm has a flat, ribbonlike body.
2001745|An intercontinental call from the United States to the United Kingdom travels through the sky or under the ocean.
2001746|Optical telescopes form an image of a star or other heavenly body in two ways.
2001747|A Cassegrain reflecting telescope uses a primary mirror with a hole in the center to reflect light to a smaller, curved mirror.
2001748|Tents are manufactured in many sizes and styles.
2001749|When the temperature in a room becomes too cold, the bimetallic strip of the thermostat uncoils.
2001751|A manual transmission contains a system of gears controlled by a gearshift.
2001753|Triangles can be classified by their angles or by the relationships of their sides.
2001754|A triangle is a plane figure that has three sides and three angles.
2001755|How tuberculosis develops
2001756|Location of the United Arab Republic
2001757|A typical Viking settlement consisted of a small farming community built near a river or fiord (inlet to the sea).
2001758|When an ocean wind blows against a mountain, the air is lifted and cooled.
2001759|Wells are used to draw water from the ground.
2001760|The Normandy invasion on June 6, 1944, brought Allied forces ashore on five beaches, shown with their code names.
2001761|At the start of the Civil War, the militia units that largely made up the Union and Confederate armies wore a variety of uniforms.
2001762|Bataan Peninsula is part of Luzon, the largest island of the Philippines.
2001763|A model rocket engine includes the solid fuel, which propels the rocket.
2001764|Fish of coastal waters and the open ocean
2001765|Fish of coastal waters and the open ocean
2001766|Fish of coral reefs
2001767|Fish of coral reefs
2001768|Fish of the deep ocean
2001769|Fish of tropical fresh waters
2001770|Fish of temperate fresh waters
2001771|Fish of temperate fresh waters
2001772|This illustration shows a typical large house of a wealthy Roman.
2001773|Gas exchange takes place within respiratory units.
2001774|How cotton develops
2001775|Parts of a cylinder
2001776|A hammerhead shark has a wide, flattened head.
2001777|The San Jose scale is a destructive insect.
2001778|San Jose scales infest shrubs and trees.
2001779|Transplants can be divided into two chief types: organ transplants and tissue transplants.
2001780|Pure, solid carbon occurs in three cystalline forms.
2001782|All vertebrates share a basic skeletal pattern of an axial skeleton and an appendicular skeleton.
2001783|The root tip comprises the regions in which cells divide (apical meristem), grow longer (region of elongation), and become specialized (region of maturation).
2001784|Secondary tissues develop in some kinds of roots.
2001785|The ancient Egyptians portrayed many of their gods and goddesses with human bodies and the heads of birds or other animals.
2001786|The ancient Egyptians portrayed many of their gods and goddesses with human bodies and the heads of birds or other animals.
2001787|Instruments are grouped in four major classes: (1) stringed instruments, (2) wind instruments, (3) percussion instruments, and (4) keyboard instruments.
2001788|Instruments are grouped in four major classes: (1) stringed instruments, (2) wind instruments, (3) percussion instruments, and (4) keyboard instruments.
2001789|Instruments are grouped in four major classes: (1) stringed instruments, (2) wind instruments, (3) percussion instruments, and (4) keyboard instruments.
2001791|Parts of a common feather
2001792|The inner ear consists of the vestibule, semicircular canals, and cochlea.
2001793|The diagram at the left shows the three types of rows on a chessboard.
2001794|Various types of cables play an important role in everyday life.
2001795|Bark consists of inner bark and outer bark.
2001796|Qing dynasty
2001797|Korean War
2001798|Korean War
2001801|Making a cased pencil involves several steps.
2001802|Basic sailing maneuvers
2001803|Basic sailing maneuvers
2001804|Basic sailing maneuvers
2001805|The American manual alphabet is a form of sign language used by deaf and hearing-impaired people.
2001806|This map shows the early states of Indochina.
2001807|This map shows French Indochina, which included Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam.
2001808|These drawings show the differences in size, body shape, and antlers of the five major kinds of North American deer.
2001809|Several kinds of drums
2001810|Some common insect pests
2001811|Powering the car
2001812|Powering the car
2001813|Powering the car
2001814|There are more than 300,000 species of beetles.
2001815|There are more than 300,000 species of beetles.
2001816|These drawings show some of the equipment that farmers use to till (work) the soil and to plant crops.
2001817|Case history of a heart attack
2001818|Coat of arms
2001819|Symbols on a coat of arms
2001820|Symbols on a coat of arms
2001821|How a sawmill saws large logs
2001822|A chipper-canter saws small logs.
2001823|Log-sawing patterns vary, depending on the size of the log.
2001824|The lymphatic system consists of a network of vessels throughout the body.
2001825|Lymph forms from fluid that seeps out of capillaries.
2001826|Six main groups of trees
2001827|Six main groups of trees
2001828|Some kinds of oaks
2001830|Some pines of North America
2001831|Some pines of North America
2001832|These illustrations show the kinds of deciduous and permanent teeth and their positions in the mouth.
2001833|Color television transmission begins with a television camera.
2001834|A color television receiver picks up television signals with its receiving antenna.
2001835|Thousands of kinds of trucks perform specialized work.
2001836|Thousands of kinds of trucks perform specialized work.
2001837|Hobbyists use many of the woodworking tools pictured here.
2001838|Hobbyists use many of the woodworking tools pictured here.
2001839|Weapons of World War II
2001840|Weapons of World War II
2001841|Broadleaf trees
2001842|Broadleaf trees
2001843|Broadleaf trees
2001844|Broadleaf trees
2001845|Broadleaf trees
2001846|Broadleaf trees
2001847|Broadleaf trees
2001848|Broadleaf trees
2001849|Broadleaf trees
2001850|Broadleaf trees
2001851|Broadleaf trees
2001852|Needleleaf trees
2001853|Needleleaf trees
2001854|Needleleaf trees
2001855|Needleleaf trees
2001856|Margaret Mead, an American anthropologist, left, lived among the Samoans in 1925 and 1926 to observe their ways of life.
2001857|The three Barrymores, Lionel, Ethel, and John, left to right, appeared together in the film Rasputin and the Empress.
2001858|Jimmy Carter
2001859|Sir Winston Churchill
2001860|The Battle of Gettysburg was fought between Union and Confederate forces at Gettysburg, Pa., in July 1863.
2001861|Charles Dickens, the most famous English writer of his time, enchanted audiences with dramatic readings from his novels.
2001862|Duke Ellington, center, was one of the leading figures in jazz history.
2001863|Gerald Ford
2001864|As a Civil War general, Grant won several major Union victories and became commander of all Union forces in 1864.
2001865|Threshermen's Reunion and Stampede in Austin
2001866|A Mozart family portrait from about 1780 shows the young Wolfgang seated next to his sister, Nannerl, who was a noted pianist.
2001867|Richard Nixon
2001868|A furniture factory in Thomasville produces wooden furniture.
2001869|The Civil War (1861-1865) ranks among the most tragic events of United States history.
2001870|The first transcontinental railroad system in the United States was completed in 1869 in Promontory.
2001871|Fats Waller was a popular American jazz pianist.
2001872|Booker T. Washington
2001873|Jesse James, according to an old ballad, "killed many a man, and robbed the Glendale train.
2001874|The five Ringling brothers built up the world's largest, most famous, and most spectacular circus in the early 1900's.
2001876|The Bay Psalm Book was the first book printed in the English colonies of America.
2001877|Many boomerangs are made of wood, such as the Australian ones shown here.
2001878|Pin-back buttons are worn to demonstrate support for a political candidate or a cause, to advertise a product, to commemorate a historical event, or merely to communicate a message.
2001879|Candles are made in a variety of colors, shapes, and sizes.
2001880|The many varieties of candy differ in shape, texture, and taste.
2001881|Chinese musicians play Western and Chinese instruments.
2001882|A Nativity scene, also called a creche, shows figures of Mary and Joseph praying over the Christ child.
2001883|Church services on Christmas morning are a highlight of the holiday season for millions of Christians.
2001884|A visit with Santa is a Christmas treat for children throughout the world.
2001885|Cinnamon is sold in both powdered and stick form.
2001887|An artist uses clay to model an earthenware vase.
2001888|Fossil ferns and a lump of coal were both formed from the remains of plants that died many millions of years ago.
2001889|Farming in arid regions requires special techniques to conserve water.
2001890|Decoupage is the art of decorating furniture and accessories with paper cutouts.
2001891|A furnished dollhouse includes beds, chairs, tables, lamps, and such household articles as books, clothes, dishes, and pictures.
2001892|A piece of limestone, formed more than 100 million years ago, contains fossil shells of extinct sea animals.
2001893|Leather is embossed with a special punch.
2001894|A fish that lived 58 million years ago left its "picture" in this fossil.
2001895|The variety of foods is amazing.
2001896|Wholesale produce firms buy large quantities of fruits and vegetables from farmers.
2001897|Mongolian gerbils are lively animals that make excellent pets.
2001898|Daily grooming of a horse's coat and mane helps maintain the animal's health and improves its appearance.
2001899|Cleaning a horse's hoofs is part of the daily care that the animal should receive.
2001900|Gold objects, such as these of a man and a llama, were used by the families of Inca nobles.
2001901|A Maya chief pricks his tongue to add his blood to a sacrifice being made to the gods.
2001902|Fossil insects indicate that insects have lived on the earth at least 400 million years.
2001903|A firefly flashes its light on and off as a mating signal.
2001905|Steelmakers work with many forms of iron and steel.
2001906|Francis Scott Key
2001907|Lead, foreground, is refined mainly from galena, a gray metallic ore, background.
2001908|Marble occurs in many colors.
2001909|Mercury is a silver-colored liquid at room temperature.
2001910|The metronome is a clocklike device with a pendulum that can be adjusted to make a ticking sound at various speeds.
2001912|A 35-millimeter projector is used to show motion pictures in theaters.
2001913|Origami is the Japanese art of folding paper into decorative objects.
2001915|A pantograph is a mechanical drawing instrument that allows an artist to duplicate a design with speed and accuracy.
2001916|A Foucault pendulum shows the rotation of the earth.
2001917|Pewter is an alloy that has a white, metallic color resembling silver.
2001918|Grand pianos are the largest and most expensive pianos.
2001919|Pipes come in a variety of shapes and sizes and are made from such materials as brier, meerschaum, and porcelain.
2001920|Potash is the commercial name for potassium chloride and several other salts that contain potassium.
2001921|Raffia is a fiber made from the leafstalks of certain palm trees.
2001922|Three kinds of model rockets can be built by hobbyists.
2001923|Hybrid tea roses have only a few flowers on each plant.
2001924|A sculptor builds up a figure with small pieces of clay.
2001925|This sculptor uses a hammer and chisel and other special tools to trim the block of marble to the desired shape.
2001926|Welding is a method of creating metal sculptures through the use of such equipment as arc welding tools.
2001927|Peru (Chavin style), about 1200-400 B.C.
2001928|Trajan's Column (detail)
2001929|Tomb of Pope Alexander VII by Gian Lorenzo Bernini
2001930|Mercury by Antoine Coysevox
2001931|United States (Columbia, Conn.), 1791.
2001932|Statue of George Washington by Horatio Greenough
2001933|Actors use sign language in a scene from a play about a deaf baseball player.
2001934|Steinberg's Sam's Art shows how the artist uses sharp line and an unusual combination of images to make witty comments about modern life.
2001935|Sulfur is a yellow, nonmetallic element.
2001936|A typical tennis racket has a frame made of 85 per cent fiberglass and 15 per cent graphite.
2001937|A wide variety of textile products--from carpeting, clothing, and towels to fire hoses, typewriter ribbons, and umbrellas--helps meet the needs of people throughout the world.
2001938|A proscenium stage permits the audience to see a play only from the front.
2001939|A theater-in-the-round is an open area with the audience sitting on all four sides.
2001940|Set construction may be handled in the theater's own shop or by an outside studio.
2001941|The set designer uses a scale model to demonstrate to the director how the set will look and work.
2001942|The viola looks like a large violin, and the musician holds and plays it like a violin.
2001943|To play the violin properly, tuck the instrument under your chin and rest it on your shoulder.
2001944|Indian wampum, consisting of beads, was woven into belts to record important events.
2001945|Foods made with wheat are a major part of the diet for over a third of the world's people.
2001946|New varieties of wheat have enabled many countries to increase grain production.
2001947|Wright's Robie House is an example of his prairie style.
2001948|Tigers and deer at the Milwaukee County Zoo live in areas that are side-by-side.
2001949|Affenpinscher
2001953|The beagle is a small dog sometimes used in the sport of hunting rabbits.
2001954|The bearded collie originated in Scotland.
2001955|The Belgian Malinois has a face mask of black hair.
2001956|The Belgian Tervuren has long hair.
2001957|Bank notes issued by hundreds of banks were used as money in the United States during the early and mid-1800's.
2001958|The Bernese mountain dog has long, silky hair.
2001959|Bloodhounds follow a scent by sniffing the ground.
2001960|The border terrier is a strong hunting dog.
2001961|The bullmastiff was bred to guard English estates.
2001962|The Japanese bobtail has a short, bushy tail.
2001963|The Scottish fold has ears that are folded forward.
2001964|The Chesapeake Bay retriever is an excellent hunting dog.
2001965|The chihuahua, like this long-coat variety, stands about 5 inches (13 centimeters) high.
2001966|The cocker spaniel is a popular American pet.
2001967|A short-haired collie has a smooth, short coat.
2001968|The curly-coated retriever is named for its dark coat of thick, tight curls.
2001969|A dachshund has a long body and short legs.
2001971|A mother nurses her puppies until they are about 6 weeks old.
2001972|The English foxhound is used to hunt foxes.
2001974|The giant schnauzer has a thick, wiry coat.
2001975|The Ibizan hound is a sleek dog with upright ears.
2001976|The Irish setter has a shaggy, brownish-red coat.
2001977|The slender Italian greyhound has a graceful shape.
2001978|Komondor
2001979|Kuvasz
2001980|The lakeland terrier comes from northern England.
2001981|The Lhasa apso originally came form Tibet.
2001982|The Norfolk terrier is an affectionate pet.
2001983|The Norwich terrier originated in England.
2001984|The Rhodesian ridgeback is a powerful hunting dog that originated in southern Africa.
2001985|Powerful rottweilers once guarded Roman herds.
2001986|The St. Bernard is a good watchdog and pet.
2001987|The Scottish deerhound was bred to hunt wild deer.
2001988|Silky terrier
2001989|The Vizsla is a powerful hunting dog.
2001990|The Welsh springer spaniel has a keen sense of smell.
2001991|West Highland white terriers are faithful pets.
2001992|The wirehaired pointing griffon is a hunting dog.
2001994|The team that invented the transistor consisted of the American physicists William Shockley, seated, Walter Brattain, left, and John Bardeen, right.
2001995|The last portrait of Lincoln, taken on April 10, 1865, reveals the sadness and strife the wartime President had to bear.
2001996|President Theodore Roosevelt visited the construction site of the Panama Canal in 1906.
2001997|American gunners crawled through a war-torn area of northeastern France in the fall of 1918 during the last assault of World War I.
2001998|Talking to his men, General Dwight D. Eisenhower, commander of the Normandy invasion, wished paratroopers luck before they dropped behind German lines in France on D-Day.
2001999|Buddhism has had a strong influence on Korean culture.
2002000|Saint Nicholas, accompanied by his servant Swarte Piet (Black Pete) and other attendants, arrives in the Netherlands by boat from Spain.
2002001|The seafaring Jutes, Angles, and Saxons who invaded Britain in the A.D. 400's became known as Anglo-Saxons.
2002002|Isolated villages and rugged landscapes are a common scene in Afghanistan.
2002003|Islam greatly influences almost all aspects of Afghan life.
2002004|An Islamic wedding procession in Egypt leads the bride to the home of the groom.
2002005|Cotton is raised in the Nile River Valley, a fertile farming region in northeastern Africa.
2002006|Forest-covered hills surround a swimming hole in Cheaha Mountain State Park, near Anniston.
2002007|Martin Luther King, Jr., organized a boycott of the Montgomery bus system in 1955.
2002008|A dramatic race to the South Pole began late in 1911.
2002009|Iguacu Falls, one of the most spectacular waterfalls in South America, forms part of the border between Argentina and Brazil.
2002010|The Andes Mountains run along the western border of Argentina.
2002011|Organ-pipe cactus grows in a desert in southern Arizona.
2002012|Glen Canyon Dam, on the Colorado River in northern Arizona, was completed in 1964.
2002013|Armenian shoppers examine produce at a local market.
2002014|The Dead Sea shore, the lowest place on the earth's surface, lies about 1,310 feet (399 meters) below sea level.
2002015|Cruise ships dock at Nassau, the capital and largest city of the Bahamas.
2002016|Bridgetown, the capital of Barbados, is one of the West Indies' major trade and shipping centers.
2002017|Joe DiMaggio helped lead the New York Yankees to 9 world championships during his 13-year career.
2002018|Ted Williams ranks among the top 10 modern players in both lifetime batting average and home runs.
2002019|Satchel Paige was a star pitcher for Negro teams for about 30 years before major league baseball became integrated.
2002020|Jackie Robinson became the first black player in modern major league baseball.
2002021|Stan Musial, a first baseman and outfielder for the St. Louis Cardinals from 1941 to 1963, won seven National League batting titles.
2002022|Beautiful lace is a famous product of Belgium.
2002023|The Ardennes is a region of winding rivers and forest-covered hills in southeastern Belgium.
2002024|Mahogany logs from a Belizean forest are loaded onto a truck for transport to a lumber mill.
2002025|Bamboo huts perched on poles serve as homes for the people of Benin who live in the lagoon areas near the Gulf of Guinea.
2002026|A Bhutanese dzong (fortified monastery) dominates the Paro Valley.
2002027|The way of life in rural Bolivia has changed little over the centuries.
2002028|Botswana is a thinly populated country in southern Africa.
2002029|A food stand in Bahia shows the African influence in Brazilian cooking.
2002030|Brussels, the capital of Belgium, has many buildings hundreds of years old.
2002031|A coffee farm-worker in Burundi picks berries that contain beans from which coffee is made.
2002032|Polar explorer Richard E. Byrd, second from the left, stands at his camp with members of his 1955 expedition to Antarctica.
2002033|Alexander Calder became famous for his delicate and playful metal sculpture.
2002034|The Indians of Canada's Pacific coast are famous for their fine woodcarvings.
2002035|The Rocky Mountains of western Canada offer some of the world's most beautiful scenery.
2002036|Herds of beef cattle graze on the grasslands of southern Alberta, where cattle ranching is the chief agricultural activity.
2002037|Mindelo, Cape Verde's second largest city, lies on the island of Sao Vicente.
2002038|Chile's Northern Desert region includes one of the world's driest places, the Atacama Desert.
2002039|The Eastern Lowlands have China's most productive farmland.
2002040|Ty Cobb was one of the first players elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame.
2002041|Pierre and Marie Curie became famous for their research on radioactivity.
2002042|Clarence Darrow and William Jennings Bryan
2002043|Agnes De Mille danced in the 1942 premiere of her ballet Rodeo with Casimir Kokitch, left, and Frederic Franklin, right.
2002044|Djibouti is a country in northeastern Africa.
2002045|The city of Djibouti is the capital of the country of Djibouti.
2002046|Panama hats, woven by hand, are a leading product of Ecuador.
2002047|Addis Ababa, the capital and largest city of Ethiopia, has many modern buildings.
2002048|Rural Ethiopians live in villages or isolated homesteads.
2002049|Dian Fossey studied and photographed mountain gorillas in Africa.
2002050|Charles de Gaulle served as president of France from 1958 to 1969.
2002051|The Gobi is the coldest, most northern desert in the world.
2002052|The Grand Canyon is one of the most famous scenic wonders in the United States.
2002053|Bank failures wiped out the savings of millions of people during the Great Depression.
2002054|The attack on Pearl Harbor by Japanese bombers was a key event in U.S. history.
2002055|The Mosquito Coast of northeastern Honduras is covered mostly by tropical rain forests.
2002056|The craft of weaving was taught to the Navajo by the Pueblo Indians, probably during the 1700's.
2002057|The Negev Desert in southern Israel is the nation's driest region, receiving an average yearly rainfall of only 1 inch (25 millimeters).
2002058|Bebop revolutionized jazz in the 1940's.
2002059|Louis Armstrong, was probably the most popular jazz artist in history.
2002060|Lyndon Baines Johnson
2002061|The Jordan River Valley is Jordan's major agricultural region.
2002063|Cumberland Falls, in Cumberland Falls State Resort Park, is often called "Niagara of the South.
2002064|Whiskey brews in vats in a Kentucky distillery.
2002065|Migrant workers and other farm laborers joined the U.S. labor movement during the 1960's.
2002066|Governor Huey P. Long, second from right, and other officials celebrated adoption of the Mississippi Valley Flood Control Act in 1928.
2002067|A lobster fisherman removes a day's catch from his traps near Stonington.
2002068|Farmers in Mali bundle and stack stalks of millet to dry in the sun after the harvest.
2002069|A street market stretches along a sidewalk in Bamako, Mali's capital and largest city.
2002070|Valletta, Malta, borders the Mediterranean Sea.
2002071|A vast field of Manitoba wheat that spreads out beyond the village of Wellwood.
2002072|The Battle of Antietam halted General Robert E. Lee's first invasion of the North during the Civil War.
2002073|The Minnesota shoreline stretches along Lake Superior in the northeast part of the state.
2002074|Mount Fuji, overlooking Lake Kawaguchi, rises 12,388 feet (3,776 meters) on the Japanese island of Honshu.
2002075|Mount Rushmore is a memorial to four great Americans.
2002076|The Mosque of Omar, or Dome of the Rock, in Jerusalem covers the rock from which Muhammad is believed to have ascended to heaven.
2002077|Herero women wear brightly colored clothing.
2002078|The polders region has the richest farmland in the Netherlands.
2002079|The spectacular waterfalls of the Niagara River attract millions of tourists annually.
2002080|Granite mounds rise in Quartz Mountain State Park near Lugert.
2002081|San Juan is Puerto Rico's capital and largest city.
2002082|Reykjavik is the capital and largest city of Iceland.
2002083|Chuck Berry helped define the rebellious spirit of rock 'n' roll in the 1950's.
2002084|Elvis Presley became rock's first superstar.
2002085|An Independence Day festival in Dakar, the capital of Senegal, is marked by the display of the national flag and the playing of kora, stringed instruments made from gourds.
2002086|Snow-capped Aconcagua, the highest peak in the Western Hemisphere, rises 22,831 feet (6,959 meters) in the Andes Mountains in Argentina.
2002087|High in the Andes, Bolivian farmers grow crops on terraces cut into the mountainside.
2002088|Lake Titicaca on the border between Bolivia and Peru is the world's highest navigable lake at 12,507 feet (3,812 meters) above sea level.
2002089|Spectacular Angel Falls in eastern Venezuela has a longer drop than any other waterfall in the world.
2002090|The town of Ushuaia, Argentina, lies on rugged, windswept Tierra del Fuego, South America's largest island group.
2002093|Stockholm covers 14 islands and a part of the mainland.
2002095|A swamp that includes baldcypress trees lies in Florida's Everglades National Park in the southernmost part of the Coastal Lowlands.
2002096|Desert areas cover much of the Western Plateaus, Basins, and Ranges land region, west of the Rockies.
2002097|Death Valley, California, the country's driest place, receives less than 2 inches (5 centimeters) of precipitation yearly.
2002098|Waimea Canyon, Hawaii, was formed by water from Mount Waialeale.
2002099|Prospect Creek, Alaska, recorded the lowest U.S. temperature ever, - 80 degrees F ( - 62 degrees C).
2002100|The harbor at Montevideo, at the junction of the Atlantic Ocean and the Rio de la Plata, handles most of Uruguay's international sea trade.
2002101|The coastal plains of western and southwestern Uruguay have the country's richest soil.
2002102|A huge shipyard in Newport News has built more than 700 vessels.
2002103|Mount McKinley, in central Alaska, has the highest summit in North America.
2002104|Albanian peasants meet at a livestock market in a rural area.
2002105|Algiers, the capital and largest city of Algeria, is often called Algiers the White because of its many white buildings.
2002106|A researcher at the South Pole checks data gathered by a telescope.
2002107|Deserts--like the one in Kuwait--cover much of Southwest Asia.
2002108|Central Asia's grassy plains are the home of many livestock herders.
2002109|Valentina Tereshkova
2002110|Roger Bannister was the first person to run a mile in less than four minutes.
2002111|Carved stone gateways lead to a garden near Beijing's Temple of Heaven.
2002112|European bison, or wisent, graze in the Belovezha Forest, a nature preserve in western Belarus and eastern Poland.
2002113|A Dayak woman harvests rice on a Borneo hillside.
2002114|Bangui, capital city of the Central African Republic, nestles at the foot of a hill on the banks of the Ubangi River.
2002115|Bridge construction and other public-improvement projects help provide better living and economic conditions in rural China.
2002116|Colorful textiles rank among Colombia's leading manufactured goods.
2002119|Zagreb is Croatia's capital and largest city.
2002120|The Western Dune Coast is an area of sandy beaches and dunes that extends along most of Jutland's western coast.
2002121|The East-Central Hills, covering much of Jutland and the nearby islands, have gently rolling lands and narrow fiords.
2002122|Bananas, one of Ecuador's most important crops, are grown on plantations in the Coastal Lowland.
2002123|Many Egyptian fellahin farm small plots of land in the fertile valley along the Nile River and in the river's low-lying delta.
2002124|Tallinn is the capital and largest city of Estonia.
2002125|Suva, the capital and largest city of Fiji, is also the nation's chief port and commercial center.
2002126|Albert Schweitzer's hospital and leper colony in Lambarene became famous throughout the world as a haven for the sick.
2002127|Oktoberfest is a lively festival held in Munich each autumn.
2002128|The Great Wall of China is the longest structure ever built.
2002129|Agana, Guam's capital, lies in Agana Bay on the west coast of the island.
2002131|Wild Bill Hickok, an American frontier scout and peace officer in the West, served as a sheriff and marshal in Kansas.
2002132|Hong Kong City lies across a harbor from Kowloon, background.
2002133|The majestic Himalaya, the world's highest mountain system, rises along India's border with China.
2002134|Kachina dancers performed at Pueblo ceremonies to ensure good crops.
2002135|Outrigger canoes are used in Indonesian waters for such purposes as fishing, ship-to-shore transportation, and carrying passengers and light cargo among the islands.
2002136|Muslim pilgrims pray at the Kaaba, the holiest shrine of Islam.
2002137|Istanbul, Turkey's largest city, lies in Europe and Asia.
2002138|Kilimanjaro is Africa's highest mountain.
2002139|Kuala Lumpur is the capital and largest city of Malaysia.
2002140|Sprawling slums surround many large Latin-American cities.
2002141|Riga, Latvia, lies on the Western Dvina River, south of the Gulf of Riga.
2002142|Lenin set up the world's first Communist dictatorship.
2002143|The Plaza de Armas in Lima, Peru, marks the historic center of the city.
2002144|Vilnius, the capital and largest city of Lithuania, lies along the Neris River.
2002145|Skopje, Macedonia's capital, features many small shops along cobblestoned streets in its old town district, shown.
2002147|In southern Madagascar, people often use cattle like these zebus to transport goods and do heavy farm work.
2002148|Madrid's Gran Via is the main street of the city's modern business district.
2002149|A Maori woman in traditional dress wears a feather cloak.
2002150|Deserts cover large areas of the Pacific Northwest and Northern Plateau regions of Mexico.
2002151|Rich farmland covers three-fourths of Moldova, and the country's economy is based largely on agriculture.
2002152|Grand Falls flows over a cliff on the St. John River at the town of Grand Falls.
2002153|The rocks at Hopewell Cape on the Bay of Fundy are odd formations that have been carved out of the coast by strong tides.
2002154|Majestic Mount Cook, New Zealand's highest mountain, soars 12,349 feet (3,764 meters) on the South Island.
2002155|Fishing boats docked at St. John's, Newfoundland's capital and largest city.
2002156|Workers load bananas at a Nicaraguan port.
2002157|Sacks of peanuts, ready for shipment to market, are piled in pyramid form by a continuous stream of Nigerian workers.
2002158|The spectacular scenery of the Northwest Territories includes Alexandra Falls on the Hay River south of Great Slave Lake.
2002159|Beautiful woodlands on the coast of Georgian Bay.
2002161|The spectacular scenery of the Pacific Islands attracts many tourists.
2002162|Muslim rituals, such as group prayer meetings, play an important part in the everyday lives of most Pakistanis.
2002163|Modern farm equipment simplifies the harvesting of wheat, Pakistan's chief crop.
2002164|The heart of Paris includes many beautiful buildings that are hundreds of years old.
2002165|A fishing village has small houses that stand close together.
2002166|Huge Perce Rock off the coast of the Gaspe Peninsula.
2002167|The land region of Walachia in southern Romania includes mountains, rolling hills, and some of the country's best farmland.
2002168|Red Square is the center of activity in Moscow, Russia's capital and largest city.
2002169|The East Siberian Uplands are mainly a wilderness of mountains and plateaus.
2002170|A belt of rich farmland stretches across Russia from east to west.
2002171|A fishing crew brings in sturgeon from the mouth of the Volga River.
2002172|St. Lucia is a small island country in the Caribbean Sea.
2002173|Prince Albert National Park in Saskatchewan
2002174|Slovenia is a mountainous country in central Europe.
2002175|Mogadishu, the capital of Somalia, lies on the country's southern coast.
2002177|Iron-ore mining contributes to Venezuela's economy.
2002178|The Black Hills of South Dakota is a region of dramatic beauty.
2002179|Soviet cosmonaut Yuri A. Gagarin became the first person in space on April 12, 1961.
2002180|Mbabane, the administrative capital of Swaziland, lies in the country's western highlands.
2002182|A Syrian villager wearing traditional clothing sits at her doorstep and prepares vegetables for her family's dinner.
2002183|Zebras and gnus roam across Tarangire National Park in northern Tanzania.
2002184|Tunis, the capital and largest city of Tunisia, is the nation's political and cultural center.
2002185|Manufacturing is one of Turkey's chief industries.
2002186|Sandy beaches and warm weather make Yalta a favorite vacation spot for Ukrainians.
2002187|Soviet military power paraded through Red Square in Moscow in annual May Day celebrations.
2002188|Long lines of shoppers, such as those waiting to buy sausage, above, became common in the Soviet Union because of frequent shortages of meat and many other consumer goods.
2002189|The leading farmworkers on a state farm received an award for a good harvest from the Communist Party.
2002190|The Pacific Coast forms the western border of the Pacific Ranges and Lowlands region, which extends from Canada to Mexico.
2002191|Mining provides vital raw materials for American industry.
2002192|A network of highways crisscrosses the United States.
2002193|The rice fields of Vietnam provide the basic food of the Vietnamese people.
2002194|Virgin Islanders are citizens of the United States.
2002195|Washington apples are famous throughout the United States.
2002196|The West Indies is an area of great natural beauty.
2002197|The Allegheny Mountains cut through eastern West Virginia.
2002198|Most Western Samoan houses have thatched roofs and open sides because of the country's warm, pleasant climate.
2002199|A Xhosa boy herds cattle in the Transkei region of South Africa.
2002200|Sana is the capital of Yemen.
2002201|Rugged mountains cover most of Yugoslavia.
2002202|John Quincy Adams
2002203|Industrial development has been a chief goal of most African countries since winning independence from European colonial powers.
2002204|The muddy brown Amazon joins the blue-black waters of the Rio Negro in northwestern Brazil.
2002205|An Angolan village lies in the rocky desert terrain of the southern part of the country.
2002206|Antarctica's rugged coast features jagged mountain peaks and glacier-filled valleys.
2002207|The handicrafts industry provides work for many Asians.
2002208|Ludwig van Beethoven wrote some of the world's greatest music.
2002209|Jim Bridger scouted on the Western frontier for the United States government and helped map the historic Oregon Trail.
2002210|The spectacular Rocky Mountains in Mount Assiniboine Provincial Park.
2002211|Buffalo Bill" Cody, from a painting by Rosa Bonheur, the famous French artist.
2002212|At an outdoor market in Ouagadougou, the capital of Burkina Faso, people buy food and other goods.
2002214|Grover Cleveland
2002215|Unusual rock formations stand in the Colorado National Monument.
2002216|A Connecticut village in autumn is ablaze with the brilliant colors of turning leaves.
2002217|The Connecticut River flows through the center of the state and empties into Long Island Sound.
2002218|Attractive villages line the Cote d'Azur along the eastern Mediterranean coast of France.
2002219|Nicosia is the capital and largest city of Cyprus.
2002220|Denmark's charm and prosperity are evident in the well-maintained old buildings and fashionable cafes of Copenhagen's Nyhavn Canal.
2002221|Downtown Detroit lies on the north bank of the Detroit River.
2002223|Millard Fillmore
2002224|The Ponte Vecchio (Old Bridge) spans the Arno River in Florence.
2002225|The Florida Everglades is a fascinating region of natural beauty.
2002226|Gambian women cultivate a field of rice.
2002227|The Alhambra is a palace and fortress in Granada, Spain.
2002228|Ulysses S. Grant
2002229|A market in Conakry offers household items for sale.
2002230|Warren G. Harding
2002231|William Henry Harrison
2002232|Hawaii's tropical splendor includes colorful plant life and beautiful beaches along the Pacific Ocean.
2002233|A Buddhist monk sits in front of an altar in a Buddhist temple in Honolulu.
2002234|Food processing is Hawaii's leading manufacturing activity.
2002235|King Kamehameha I founded the Kingdom of Hawaii in the late 1700's.
2002236|Herbert Clark Hoover
2002237|The Sawtooth Mountains rise beyond a ranch near Hailey, creating a picturesque winter scene.
2002238|Shoshone Falls, on the Snake River, plunges 212 feet (65 meters).
2002239|Potatoes are Idaho's leading crop.
2002240|A vast cornfield symbolizes the importance of Illinois as a leading agricultural state.
2002241|A federal agent breaks barrels containing alcoholic beverages during the Prohibition Era, which lasted in the United States from 1920 to 1933.
2002242|Schools in India, such as this one near Varanasi, often hold winter classes outdoors.
2002244|Cataract Falls tumbles into the Eel River amid the lush, green forests of west-central Indiana.
2002245|Huge oil refineries operate near Hammond.
2002246|The skyline of Abidjan rises alongside a lagoon.
2002247|Juneau, the capital of Alaska, is situated between steep mountains and a fine, deep harbor.
2002248|Kentucky horse farms produce some of the world's finest thoroughbred race horses.
2002249|Rural settlements with thatch-roofed buildings dot Kenya's countryside.
2002250|Kenya's highland is a region of mountains, valleys, and plateaus in the southwestern part of the country.
2002252|The Port of Los Angeles, on San Pedro Bay, handles more foreign and domestic ships than any other West Coast port.
2002253|Oyster boats unload at Violet.
2002254|The Mississippi Delta was formed by silt carried down to the river's mouth.
2002255|The harbor of Funchal, Madeira, makes a picturesque sight with its old fortress.
2002256|James Madison
2002257|The beautiful, rocky coast of Maine, with its thousands of bays and offshore islands, attracts vacationers to the state each year.
2002258|Mount Katahdin, the highest peak in Maine, rises 5,268 feet (1,606 meters) in the central part of the state.
2002259|Allagash Falls rushes along the Allagash River through a pine forest in northwestern Maine.
2002260|Huge rolls of paper are manufactured in a Maine paper mill.
2002261|Fishermen in the Maldives catch mainly tuna and bonito.
2002262|John Marshall, the fourth chief justice of the United States, established the court's power to review legislative acts.
2002263|Tilghman Island in Chesapeake Bay provides a natural harbor for pleasure boats.
2002264|Ships dock in Baltimore harbor, one of the largest natural harbors in the world.
2002265|Autumn colors frame a colonial church in Brimfield, located in south-central Massachusetts.
2002266|The Faneuil Hall Marketplace in downtown Boston attracts thousands of people each day.
2002267|The Matterhorn has one of the highest peaks in the Pennine Alps, which lie in Italy and Switzerland.
2002268|Mauritanians gather in Nouadhibou, the nation's chief port.
2002269|Lake of the Clouds is surrounded by the thick forests of the Porcupine Mountains.
2002270|Blessing of the fleet at the Biloxi Shrimp Festival.
2002271|The Piney Woods cover most of southeastern Mississippi in the state's East Gulf Coastal Plain region.
2002272|Glacier National Park, located in northwestern Montana, has many steep, rugged peaks such as Grinnell Point.
2002273|Rabat, Morocco's capital, lies on the Atlantic Ocean.
2002274|Pioneer settlers, such as these shown on a farm near Ansley, were often called sodbusters.
2002275|Red Rock Canyon, near Las Vegas, typifies the rugged desert land that covers most of the state.
2002276|Beautiful autumn colors surround a picturesque pond in Grafton County.
2002277|The International Monetary Conference was held in 1944 at Bretton Woods.
2002278|A herd of dairy cattle grazes on a pasture in the Appalachian Ridge and Valley Region of northwestern New Jersey.
2002279|Scattered pines grow in a canyon near Los Alamos.
2002280|Taos Pueblo is a Pueblo Indian village in north-central New Mexico.
2002281|St. Louis Cathedral faces Jackson Square in the heart of the French Quarter.
2002282|The Hudson River Valley at Bear Mountain Bridge in eastern New York is one of the state's many scenic areas.
2002283|Cape Hatteras is called the Graveyard of the Atlantic because shifting sands off the cape have caused many shipwrecks.
2002284|Lobster fishermen handle part of their catch.
2002285|An oil derrick rises from the Oklahoma plains, symbolizing the importance of petroleum to the state's economy.
2002286|Jesse Owens of the United States was the hero of the 1936 Summer Games.
2002287|Ottawa is the capital of Canada.
2002288|A rose garden in Portland attracts flower lovers.
2002289|Franklin Pierce
2002290|Cliff Walk winds past The Breakers, the beautiful estate of Cornelius Vanderbilt in Newport.
2002291|Rwanda is a country in east-central Africa.
2002292|The Potala Palace in Lhasa, Tibet, was formerly the home of the Dalai Lama and is now a museum.
2002293|A farmworker in Togo carries a basket of food on her head.
2002294|Charlotte Amalie on the island of St. Thomas is a harbor city and capital of the American Virgin Islands.
2002295|The Rappahannock River flows through northern Virginia from the western mountains into Chesapeake Bay.
2002296|Seattle, the largest city in Washington, is an important manufacturing and trade center of the Pacific Northwest.
2002297|George Washington
2002298|Woodrow Wilson
2002299|Yellowstone Lower Falls tumbles 308 feet (94 meters) into the Grand Canyon of Yellowstone National Park.
2002300|Drilling for oil is the most important mining activity in Wyoming.
2002301|Spectacular mountains and unspoiled wilderness areas make the Yukon Territory a popular spot for tourists.
2002302|John Adams
2002303|Cattle herding is a proud tradition south of the Sahara for such groups as the Dinka, Fulani, Masai, and Turkana.
2002304|Rural housing varies according to climate, tradition, and available materials.
2002305|Women in Mali grind grain into flour, above.
2002306|Traditional clothing styles in Africa often feature bright colors and bold patterns.
2002307|A salmon catch is unloaded at Annette Island.
2002308|Juan Peron rode in triumph with his second wife, Eva, after being reelected president of Argentina in 1952.
2002309|Taj Mahal, in Agra, India, is the tomb of an Indian ruler and his wife.
2002310|Chinese farmers work together on a collective farm.
2002311|River transportation is especially important to rural Asians.
2002312|The vast interior of Australia consists mainly of deserts and of dry grasslands on which cattle and sheep graze.
2002313|Sydney, the largest city in Australia, lies on the country's southeast coast.
2002314|Aborigines are descendants of Australia's first settlers, a darkskinned people who migrated from Asia thousands of years ago.
2002315|Surfboat races, such as this one at a beach in Sydney, are a favorite sport in the coastal cities.
2002316|Dry grazing land covers much of Australia west of the Eastern Highlands.
2002317|Austrian bakers create some of the delicious pastries for which their country is famous.
2002318|Shoppers and vendors gather at open-air market-places, such as this one in Dhaka.
2002319|Babe Ruth was baseball's first great home run hitter.
2002320|Richard Bedford Bennett
2002321|Sir Robert L. Borden
2002322|Joe Louis, right, was a great heavyweight champion.
2002323|The Northeast Region of Brazil consists of the area that bulges into the Atlantic Ocean.
2002324|An open-pit iron mine spreads across a huge area in the state of Minas Gerais.
2002325|A "floating market" is a colorful tradition on Inle Lake in central Burma.
2002326|Calamity Jane was an expert with a horse and rifle.
2002327|Yosemite National Park lies in the Sierra Nevada in east-central California.
2002328|The Golden Gate Bridge spans a channel at the entrance of San Francisco Bay.
2002329|Farmworkers plant lettuce on a California vegetable farm.
2002330|Chinese Communists, led by Mao Zedong, defeated the Nationalist government in a war from 1946 to 1949.
2002331|Stephen Decatur stands victoriously on the deck of a man-of-war after successfully forcing Algiers to sign a peace treaty.
2002332|John G. Diefenbaker
2002333|Walt Disney opened the Disneyland theme park in 1955.
2002335|Cairo, the capital and largest city in Egypt, is also the largest city on the African continent.
2002336|Outdoor market places called bazaars are found in Egyptian towns and in old sections of the cities.
2002337|Giant pyramids and other ancient wonders of Egypt attract visitors from all over the world.
2002338|Queen Elizabeth I ruled England from 1558 to 1603.
2002339|Douglas Fairbanks, Sr., was a famous motion-picture actor of the 1920's.
2002340|The gleaming lights of downtown Helsinki, heart of Finland's capital and largest city, brighten the 18-hour nights of midwinter.
2002341|Franklin served his nation as a statesman, scientist, and public leader.
2002342|Jane Goodall uncovered many similarities between human beings and chimpanzees through years of observation.
2002344|Fertile farmland covers about three-fourths of Hungary and is one of the country's most important natural resources.
2002345|Tall fences called palisades protected many Northeastern Indian villages from raids by enemies.
2002346|Thomas Edison was one of the greatest inventors in history.
2002347|An irrigation canal carries water through the desert to farms near Yuma, Ariz.
2002348|Italy's majestic countryside includes such winter resorts as Cortina d'Ampezzo in the Alps.
2002349|Kabuki, a traditional form of Japanese drama, features chanting, colorful costumes and makeup, music, and a lively and exaggerated acting style.
2002350|Dave Brubeck, a classically trained pianist, led one of the most popular jazz quartets of the 1950's.
2002351|The Church of the Holy Sepulcher is believed to stand on the hill of Calvary, where Jesus Christ was crucified and buried.
2002352|Andrew Johnson
2002353|Helen Keller "listened" to others speak by putting her middle finger on the speaker's nose, forefinger on the lips, and thumb on the larynx.
2002354|W. L. Mackenzie King
2002355|Middle-class housing in Latin America consists of modern apartment buildings and comfortable single-family homes.
2002356|Preparing tortillas (pancakes made from corn flour) is a daily task for these Mexican women.
2002357|Handicrafts are practiced widely in Latin America.
2002358|Sir Wilfrid Laurier
2002359|Workers tap rubber trees and collect latex on plantations.
2002360|Sheep graze on a desert oasis near the large sand dunes of the Sahara.
2002361|The "Lone Eagle," as Lindbergh was called, made the first solo nonstop flight across the Atlantic Ocean.
2002362|Longfellow in 1839 published his first collection of poems, Voices of the Night.
2002363|Longfellow in 1869 posed for this photograph with members of his family in Florence, Italy.
2002364|Sir John A. Macdonald
2002365|Alexander Mackenzie
2002366|Arthur Meighen
2002367|On the Mongolian plains, wandering nomads live in collapsible tents called ger or yurt.
2002368|Mount St. Helens caused many deaths and enormous damage in southwestern Washington after erupting in 1980.
2002370|Annie Oakley became famous as one of the world's most accurate shots with pistol, rifle, and shotgun.
2002371|The Great Pyramid, built about 4,500 years ago, rises at Giza, near Cairo.
2002372|The St. Lambert Lock, in Montreal, is part of the St. Lawrence Seaway.
2002373|Ronald Reagan
2002374|The Beatles, shown here at a 1965 press conference, earned a huge international following with their witty, sophisticated songs and whimsical humor.
2002375|Franklin Delano Roosevelt
2002377|Victorian-style houses west of downtown San Francisco contrast sharply with the modern skyscrapers in the business district.
2002378|Old and new ways of life exist side by side in Saudi Arabia.
2002380|The first successful liquid-propellant rocket was launched in 1926 by Robert H. Goddard, an American scientist.
2002381|The Great Sphinx is a huge limestone statue that lies in the desert near Giza, Egypt.
2002382|Sudan, Africa's largest country in area, is a land of widely differing geography.
2002383|Workers pick cotton in the Gezira area of central Sudan, which lies between the Blue and White Nile rivers.
2002384|Lumber and wood products make up about a fifth of Sweden's exports.
2002385|Shirley Temple, a child motion-picture star of the 1930's, appeared in several films with dancer Bill Robinson.
2002386|Big Bend National Park lies within the great bend of the Rio Grande River in western Texas.
2002387|The Houston Ship Channel stretches 51 miles (82 kilometers) from the Gulf of Mexico to the Port of Houston.
2002388|Sir John Sparrow David Thompson
2002389|Jim Thorpe
2002390|Harry S. Truman
2002391|Sir Charles Tupper
2002392|Mark Twain was a great American humorist.
2002393|Abu Dhabi is the capital of the United Arab Emirates and of the emirate of Abu Dhabi.
2002394|A town meeting enables Vermont citizens to take a direct part in their government.
2002396|Honus Wagner, a shortstop for the Pittsburgh Pirates, was one of the greatest hitters and fielders in baseball history.
2002397|Grand Coulee Dam, the largest concrete dam in the United States, lies on the Columbia River in northeastern Washington.
2002398|The United States Capitol, in Washington, D.C., is the place where Congress makes the nation's laws.
2002399|The White House has served as the home and office of every United States President with the exception of George Washington.
2002400|Two European dictators, Adolf Hitler of Germany and Benito Mussolini of Italy dreamed of powerful empires.
2002401|The Congo River is Africa's second longest river.
2002405|Flowers of the Arctic tundra
2002406|Flowers of summer-dry regions
2002407|Flowers of Alpine tundras
2002408|Flowers of the tropics and subtropics
2002409|Mushrooms of North America
2002410|Andorra's capital, called Andorra la Vella, nestles among the rocky peaks of the Pyrenees mountains.
2002411|Fields of rice--like the one in Indonesia--cover a large part of the Southeast Asian countryside.
2002413|Daniel Boone
2002414|A Cambodian village consists of thatch houses built on stilts to provide protection from rising waters.
2002415|Fort Sumter, in Charleston Harbor, was the site of the first battle of the Civil War.
2002416|Bill Clinton
2002417|San Jose, Costa Rica's capital and largest city, lies on a plateau in the agricultural center of the country.
2002418|Fidel Castro became the head of the Cuban government in 1959 after he and his supporters overthrew the dictatorship of Fulgencio Batista.
2002419|Leonardo's self-portrait was drawn when he was about 60 years old.
2002420|The first pyramid in ancient Egypt was built for King Zoser about 2650 B.C.
2002421|Canals and rivers form an important transportation system in many parts of Europe.
2002422|Dame Margot Fonteyn is often considered the greatest British ballerina of all time.
2002423|Bastille Day, July 14, is France's national holiday.
2002424|In Alsace, on the Northeastern Plateaus, vineyards spread over the rolling valleys and lower slopes of the Vosges Mountains.
2002425|Mont Blanc, in the French Alps, is the highest peak in France, rising 15,771 feet (4,807 meters).
2002426|France produces more wine than any other country except Italy.
2002427|Devils Island, a small isle off the French Guianan coast, was for many years a brutal prison camp for political prisoners of France.
2002428|Galileo's telescopes were larger and more powerful than the telescopes that had been made previously.
2002429|Galileo was a famous astronomer and physicist.
2002430|Neuschwanstein Castle in Bavaria was begun in 1869 by King Ludwig II, known as Mad King Ludwig.
2002431|The Central Highlands are a series of flat to mountainous plateaus.
2002432|The Black Forest is a mountainous region of southwestern Germany.
2002433|Unification of East Germany and West Germany took place on Oct. 3, 1990.
2002434|Mikhail Gorbachev was the leader of the Soviet Union from 1985 until 1991.
2002435|Athens, Greece's capital and largest city, contains many reminders of ancient Greek civilization.
2002436|Alexander the Great conquered most of the territory from Egypt to India by 326 B.C.
2002437|Benjamin Harrison
2002438|Rutherford B. Hayes
2002439|Religious customs are strictly observed by many of Iran's Muslims.
2002440|Petroleum accounts for most of the total value of Iran's exports.
2002441|Craftsmen work on brass pots in Baghdad.
2002442|The Colosseum, in downtown Rome, is one of the most famous surviving architectural marvels of the Roman Empire.
2002443|Grapes for wine, such as these being harvested in the region of Tuscany, are grown throughout Italy.
2002444|Ixtacihuatl is a beautiful inactive volcano near Mexico City.
2002445|The people of Kiribati grow most of their own food.
2002446|Thomas Jefferson
2002447|John Fitzgerald Kennedy
2002448|A small Lesotho village lies in a mountain valley east of the capital, Maseru.
2002449|Farmers grow rice, Malaysia's chief food crop, on small farms like this one near Kuala Lumpur.
2002450|Worshipers wave palm branches in a church procession through the streets of Puebla on Palm Sunday.
2002451|Oil refineries in Mexico process large amounts of petroleum.
2002453|John Milton wrote his first well-known poems while a student at Cambridge University.
2002454|Mississippi's stately old homes like Rosalie, a mansion in Natchez, are reminders of life in the Old South.
2002455|Farmers harvest corn from the rich, fertile soil of Missouri's plains region.
2002456|Jawaharlal Nehru was the first prime minister of India.
2002458|Ivan Petrovich Pavlov, a Russian physiologist, won the 1904 prize in physiology or medicine.
2002459|Sinclair Lewis became the first American to win the literature prize.
2002461|Jane Addams, an American social worker, shared the 1931 peace prize for her work with an international peace group.
2002462|Albert Schweitzer won the 1952 Nobel Peace Prize.
2002463|Norway is known for the scenic beauty of its rugged mountains and its deeply indented coast.
2002464|A Paraguayan lacemaker carefully creates a complicated flower pattern in a piece of nanduti lace.
2002465|Luciano Pavarotti, an Italian lyric tenor, is one of the world's most popular concert and opera singers.
2002466|Anna Pavlova, Russian ballerina, performed with a lightness and grace that few ballet dancers have ever attained.
2002467|Robert E. Peary won fame as a great Arctic explorer.
2002468|A scenic Lancaster County farm lies amid the rolling plains of Pennsylvania's Piedmont region.
2002469|Downtown Pittsburgh lies between the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers.
2002470|The Philadelphia Stock Exchange is one of the largest securities exchanges in the United States.
2002471|Pocahontas was the daughter of an American Indian chief.
2002472|A Roman Catholic church in Batalha is one of many magnificent churches built during the golden age of Portuguese art.
2002474|Sandra Day O'Connor became the first woman justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.
2002475|Desiderius Erasmus, a Dutch priest and scholar, became a leading Christian humanist during the Renaissance.
2002476|The Baths of Caracalla were public baths dating from the A.D. 200's.
2002477|Theodore Roosevelt
2002478|Peter the Great ruled Russia from 1682 until his death in 1725.
2002479|Catherine the Great became empress of Russia in 1762.
2002480|Boris Yeltsin
2002481|Santa Anna, a Mexican general, ruled Mexico as president 11 times during the 1800's but was overthrown each time.
2002482|Guanabara Bay with Sugar Loaf Mountain at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
2002483|Thomas Newcomen's steam engine drove a pump that removed water from mines.
2002484|William Howard Taft
2002485|Taipei is Taiwan's capital.
2002486|Ukrainian Easter eggs, known as pysanky, feature colorful, intricate designs.
2002487|Farmworkers in Uzbekistan pick cotton in a large field.
2002488|Rudolph Valentino was a silent motion-picture star who gained enormous fame for his roles as a handsome, passionate lover.
2002489|Martin Van Buren
2002490|Vatican City covers an area of only 109 acres (44 hectares) in northwestern Rome.
2002491|Shenandoah National Park lies in the forest-covered Blue Ridge Mountains.
2002492|Tobacco is Virginia's most valuable crop.
2002494|Horicon Marsh, north of Horicon, is a stopping place for thousands of Canada geese, ducks, and other waterfowl during their spring and fall migrations.
2002495|The Teton Mountains rise sharply from a beautiful valley called Jackson Hole in northwestern Wyoming.
2002496|George Washington Carver worked many long hours in his laboratory to improve agricultural methods in the South.
2002497|A crop of Delaware barley grows on a farm west of Dover, in the central section of the state.
2002498|Judy Garland gained fame as Dorothy in the movie The Wizard of Oz.
2002499|Harry Houdini, one of America's greatest magicians, became world famous for his ability to escape from almost any form of restraint, from chains and handcuffs to federal prison cells.
2002500|A field of golden corn on an Iowa farm creates a picturesque rural landscape.
2002501|Guglielmo Marconi centered his life around wireless telegraphy.
2002502|Carry Nation holds the weapons that she used in her crusade against alcoholic beverages in the early 1900's.
2002503|Beef cattle provide Nebraska's largest source of agricultural income.
2002505|Loggers in a forest near Westport cut timber for Oregon's forest products industry.
2002506|Cows graze on a Wisconsin farm amid the state's rolling countryside.
2002507|Pierre E. Trudeau
2002508|David ruled the kingdom of Israel about 1,000 to 960 B.C.
2002509|Greek coffee houses are popular gathering places.
2002510|Great spruce and pine forests blanket the hills of scenic Jamtland, a region of central Sweden.
2002511|Montenegro's coastline rises sharply to the mountains at Petrovac, a town on the Adriatic Sea.
2002512|Dar es Salaam, Tanzania's capital and largest city, has modern buildings and large parks.
2002513|Many small villages lie along the coast of the North Sea in the region of Bohuslan.
2002514|Gripsholm Castle houses the Swedish National Portrait Gallery, which contains about 3,000 paintings.
2002515|Sir John Joseph Caldwell Abbott
2002516|Rock paintings on the walls of caves and rock shelters were made thousands of years ago by peoples who lived in Africa.
2002517|The Trans-Siberian Railroad winds past a tiny village in a bleak and frozen part of North Asia.
2002518|Ayers Rock (called Uluru in Aboriginal), a popular tourist attraction, stands in Uluru National Park in central Australia.
2002519|The Great Barrier Reef, the world's largest coral reef, extends about 1,250 miles (2,010 kilometers) along Australia's northeast coast.
2002520|Sir Mackenzie Bowell
2002521|Breton's The Song of the Lark is a famous example of the artist's paintings of French peasant life.
2002522|The Interior Plains are the major grain-producing region of Canada.
2002523|Mary Cassatt became famous for her paintings of mothers and children in everyday situations.
2002525|Bicycles are a common means of transportation in China's cities.
2002526|Troops from eight nations crushed the Boxer Rebellion of 1900--an anti-Western campaign waged by Chinese secret societies.
2002527|Communicating with color.
2002528|Fathers of Confederation
2002529|A Dresden china bowl was designed about 1737 by Johann Kandler as part of a tableware set called the Swan Service.
2002530|Dwight David Eisenhower
2002531|An enameled casket made in Limoges, France, is decorated with scenes of the Biblical kings Solomon and David.
2002532|The Northwest Mountains region covers much of northwestern Europe.
2002533|The Alpine Mountain System covers much of southern Europe.
2002534|The Central Uplands region extends from Portugal to Czechoslovakia.
2002535|The Great European Plain stretches from the Atlantic Ocean to the Ural Mountains.
2002536|W. C. Fields was a popular stage and motion-picture comedian.
2002537|Terry Fox
2002538|Buckminster Fuller became famous for designing large, lightweight prefabricated enclosures called geodesic domes.
2002539|A portable cabinet called a vargueno was a contribution of Spanish artisans.
2002540|French provincial furniture was a comfortable style favored by middle-class people in the French provinces.
2002541|Life in rural Ghana centers mainly around small villages.
2002542|The Gish sisters, Lillian, left, and Dorothy, right, starred in the silent film Orphans of the Storm (1922).
2002543|Apple peddlers lined the streets of many large cities during the Great Depression.
2002544|Conquest by Roman armies made Greece a province of the Roman Empire.
2002545|The National Palace in Port-au-Prince is the official home of the president of Haiti.
2002546|Impressionist painting emphasizes colorful, shimmering pictures of everyday life, especially informal outdoor scenes.
2002547|Busy outdoor markets in India's cities feature a wide variety of products.
2002548|Much sculpture of India deals with religious subjects.
2002549|Cotton workers gather bales of raw cotton fiber at a mill near Aurangabad.
2002550|Tepees were home to the Plains Indians who hunted the huge buffalo herds.
2002551|Swinging their bolas, Indians of the South American plains close in on guanaco and rheas.
2002552|Ruins of the Indus Valley civilization have been uncovered at Mohenjo-Daro, Pakistan.
2002553|The Mississippi flyway, a major route for migratory birds, passes over Iowa.
2002554|Olive groves grow north of the Sea of Galilee in the Rift Valley, a long, narrow lowland in far eastern Israel.
2002555|Andrew Jackson
2002556|The streets of Tokyo, Japan's capital and largest city, are usually crowded.
2002558|Jews from many nations come to Jerusalem to pray at the Western Wall, one of Israel's holiest shrines.
2002559|Joan of Arc, a national heroine of France, believed that God had chosen her to free her country from English rule.
2002560|Cattle drives were common in Kansas during the late 1860's and the 1870's.
2002561|A Chinese lacquerware plate is decorated with a carved dragon and flowers.
2002562|Martin Luther, a German religious reformer of the 1500's, became the leader of the Reformation, the movement that led to the birth of Protestantism.
2002563|Mass production of tanks took place at this Chrysler Corporation factory in Detroit during World War II (1939-1945).
2002564|The Boundary Waters area, in northern Minnesota along the United States-Canadian border, is a thickly forested region dotted with magnificent blue lakes.
2002565|An outdoor market, where people buy food and other goods, serves as a shopping center in many parts of Mozambique.
2002566|Napoleon I posed in his study for Jacques Louis David in 1812, above.
2002567|New York City is best known for the giant skyscrapers on Manhattan Island.
2002568|Nicholas II, the last czar of Russia, and his family posed for this photograph shortly before the Russian Revolution of 1917.
2002569|The Niger River flows southward through west-central Nigeria.
2002574|Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte by Georges Seurat
2002576|American Gothic by Grant Wood
2002577|Lester B. Pearson
2002578|General John J. Pershing
2002579|Louis S. St. Laurent
2002580|The Steerage is one of Alfred Stieglitz' best-known photographs.
2002581|Plaza--State of Puebla, a photograph taken by Paul Strand in 1933, portrays the beauty of a simple scene in Mexico.
2002582|Thanksgiving, a painting by the American artist Doris E. Lee, shows women preparing Thanksgiving dinner.
2002583|Tom Thomson's The Jack Pine, one of his brilliant landscapes, portrays the beauty of Canada's wilderness.
2002584|Toronto's landmarks include the SkyDome and the CN Tower.
2002585|Toulouse-Lautrec's works portray night life in the cafes and music halls of the Paris district called Montmartre.
2002586|Vast barren plains cover much of central Anatolia.
2002587|John N. Turner
2002588|Camels Hump, near Huntington, rises in the Green Mountains, which run the length of central Vermont.
2002589|The Death of General Wolfe, a famous painting by Benjamin West, shows Wolfe's death at the moment of victory in the Battle of Quebec.
2002590|Davy Crockett was a famous hunter, scout, soldier, and Congressman.
2002591|Calvin Coolidge
2002592|Joseph Stalin
2002593|The Lincoln-Douglas debates attracted national attention in 1858.
2002595|Vladimir K. Zworykin
2002596|Southern Chile's rugged coast is battered by strong winds and cold waters.
2002597|At a colorful river market in rural Chile, merchants bring boatloads of goods to be sold in nearby villages.
2002598|Dockworkers load agricultural products onto barges and small boats, which transport the goods over China's inland waterways.
2002599|Wall posters served as a means of communication in China for many years.
2002600|The Elements by J. E. H. MacDonald shows a storm forming over Georgian Bay in Ontario.
2002602|A colorful, tree-covered cliff is reflected in a pool of an Ozark stream.
2002603|Architecture in the United States developed the skyscraper as one of the most characteristic types of modern building.
2002604|Bright blue clouds that surround Neptune consist mainly of frozen methane.
2002605|Montezuma Castle National Monument, in central Arizona, includes a five-story cliff-dwelling ruin.
2002606|A photograph of the earth, taken from a satellite 22,300 miles (35,900 kilometers) out in space, shows clouds over North America, South America, and Africa, upper right.
2002607|The planet Mercury was first photographed in detail on March 29, 1974, by the U.S. probe Mariner 10.
2002608|The Milky Way Galaxy is shaped like a disk with a bulge in the center.
2002609|The moon was photographed by the Apollo 11 astronauts during their return trip to the earth.
2002610|The far side of the moon has a rugged surface.
2002611|Saturn is encircled by seven major rings.
2002612|The first U.S. astronaut to walk in space was Edward H. White II on June 3, 1965.
2002613|Thick clouds of sulfuric acid cover Venus.
2002614|Common types of fishing nets
2002615|The churning water at the base of the falls eats away the soft underlying rock layers of the gorge.
2002616|Development of warships
2002617|Chester A. Arthur
2002618|James Buchanan
2002619|A village in southern Chad has circular straw huts.
2002621|Charles Joseph Clark
2002622|The cotton gin above is a model of the one Eli Whitney developed in 1793 to separate cotton fiber from the seed.
2002623|King Thutmose III led military campaigns into southwestern Asia almost yearly for 20 years and brought Palestine and Syria into the Egyptian empire.
2002624|James A. Garfield
2002625|Homer, seated, is traditionally considered the author of the great Greek epics the Iliad and the Odyssey.
2002626|Gupta art explored both Hindu and Buddhist religious themes.
2002627|The Maya built a remarkable civilization in Middle America.
2002628|The Battle of Tippecanoe took place in 1811 near present-day Lafayette.
2002630|William McKinley
2002631|James Monroe
2002632|Fertile farmland occupies a valley in the Atlas Mountains near the city of Fez.
2002633|Brian Mulroney
2002634|Ruins of Persepolis, ancient Persia's greatest city, lie in southwestern Iran.
2002635|James K. Polk
2002636|Quebec, the capital of the province of Quebec, lies on the St. Lawrence River.
2002637|Maria Tallchief danced the title role in The Firebird with American ballet dancer Francisco Moncion.
2002638|Zachary Taylor
2002639|John Tyler
2002640|In a tournament, knights on horses galloped toward each other and tried to drive their lances through each other's armor.
2002641|Islam is one of the leading religions in Africa.
2002642|The civilization of Kush existed from about 2000 B.C. to about A.D. 350 along the Nile River in what is now Sudan.
2002643|Argentina's gauchos are typically mestizos (people of mixed Indian and white ancestry).
2002644|Rice is harvested on many Arkansas farms.
2002645|A fisherman on the White River in northern Arkansas displays his catch.
2002646|Woodcarvers work in a home craft shop near Mountain View.
2002647|Rural villages lie throughout the countryside of Bangladesh.
2002648|Willie Mays was one of the most exciting baseball players of all time.
2002649|Henry Aaron hit more home runs than any other player.
2002650|Pete Rose broke Ty Cobb's record of major league career hits in 1985 with his 4,192nd base hit.
2002651|Nolan Ryan holds the major league records for striking out the most batters in a season and over a career.
2002652|Julius Erving was an exciting professional player noted for his outstanding jumping ability and spectacular shots.
2002653|Isiah Thomas was a leading NBA guard famous for his ballhandling and his skill at shooting among taller players.
2002654|Magic Johnson became one of the best all-around guards in the NBA as a passer, shooter, and rebounder.
2002655|Larry Bird was one of the top all-around players in the NBA.
2002657|Michael Jordan ranks among the most exciting players in the NBA with his brilliant shooting and thrilling dunk shots.
2002660|Farmland covers more than half of Bulgaria.
2002662|Logging is an important industry in many regions of Canada.
2002663|Wilt Chamberlain, left, was one of the greatest centers in the history of the National Basketball Association.
2002666|Leif Ericson
2002667|Fran Tarkenton set many passing records as a quarterback in the National Football League during the 1960's and 1970's.
2002668|Star NFL running backs included Walter Payton, left, and O. J. Simpson, right.
2002669|Providence Canyon State Park, near Lumpkin, has beautiful gullies formed by erosion, some as deep as 150 feet (45 meters).
2002670|Snow-capped Himalayan peaks in Nepal provide a dramatic view for these porters.
2002673|Jesus was baptized by John the Baptist with water from the River Jordan.
2002674|Laotian women often wear colorful homespun skirts.
2002675|Abraham Lincoln
2002677|Cowboys on a wild horse hunt near Cascade try to capture wild horses for use on a ranch.
2002678|The Sand Hills of west-central Nebraska are low hills and ridges consisting of fine sand piled up by the wind.
2002679|Hausa women in Niger work in the grain fields near their village.
2002680|Ranchers round up cattle on a North Dakota farm.
2002681|The Badlands of North Dakota lie in the southwestern part of the state along the Little Missouri River.
2002682|The Ohio River forms Ohio's southern border.
2002683|William Penn, an English Quaker, founded the colony of Pennsylvania in 1681.
2002684|The skeleton of "Lucy," a prehuman ancestor, is the most complete australopithecine fossil that scientists have found.
2002685|Ruth Saint Denis was fascinated by Eastern and Oriental dances.
2002686|Sand painting is part of Navajo healing ceremonies.
2002687|Charleston is the second largest city in South Carolina and the state's chief port.
2002688|The Palace of Versailles and its grounds make up one of the most beautiful sights in France.
2002689|Advancing settlers fought the Indians for control of the Great Plains after the end of the Civil War in 1865.
2002690|Main kinds of human joints
2002691|Kim Campbell
2002692|Jean Chretien
2002693|Picturesque fishing villages are popular seaside resorts in Scotland.
2002694|Sheep shearing is an important activity in many Highland communities.
2002695|Notre Dame Parish Church
2002696|Weapons of World War II
2002697|A camera tube produces a video signal for one of the primary colors.
2002698|The picture tube screen, a part of which is shown here, has more than 300,000 colored phosphor dots arranged in groups of three on its surface.
2002699|These drawings show some of the equipment that farmers use to till (work) the soil and to plant crops.
2002700|These illustrations show the kinds of deciduous and permanent teeth and their positions in the mouth.
2002701|At the start of the Civil War, the militia units that largely made up the Union and Confederate armies wore a variety of uniforms.
2002702|Aksum, shown in yellow, occupied lands that are now Eritrea, northern Ethiopia, and parts of Sudan and Djibouti.
2002703|Location of Bavaria
2002704|The earliest fossils and other remains of prehistoric people have been found in Africa, Asia, and Europe.
2002705|The Ruhr is a region in western Germany.
2002706|An electric bell rings when a current flows through its electromagnet.
2002707|Types of firearms
2002708|Preset guidance system gives a ballistic missile the proper speed, height, and direction to reach the target.
2002709|Command guidance system enables human operators to control a missile.
2002710|Beam-riding guidance system involves an electronic beam, such as radar, that remains pointed at the target.
2002711|Homing guidance system detects a "trail" of heat or some other radiation coming from the target.
2002712|Kite designs range from simple, roughly triangular flat kites to more complex, multisided box kites.
2002713|Symbols are signs that stand for an idea or an object.
2002714|The state flag, adopted in 1895, bears a crimson cross on a white field.
2002716|The state flag, adopted in 1927, was designed by a 13-year-old schoolboy.
2002718|The provincial flag, adopted in 1968, bears the shield from the coat of arms.
2002720|On the state flag, adopted in 1917, red and yellow rays represent the setting sun.
2002722|On the state flag, adopted in 1913, the diamond-shaped design represents Arkansas as a major diamond-producing state.
2002724|The provincial flag, adopted in 1960, has a design similar to that of the shield in the coat of arms.
2002726|The state flag, adopted in 1911, shows a grizzly bear and a single red star.
2002728|On the state flag, adopted in 1911, the red C stands for Colorado, which is Spanish for colored red.
2002730|On the state flag, adopted in 1897, the three grapevines on the shield symbolize the colony brought from Europe and transplanted in the wilderness.
2002732|The state flag first appeared in its present form in 1913.
2002734|The state flag, adopted in 1899, bears the state seal.
2002736|The state flag, adopted in 1956, displays one side of the state seal and the Confederate battle flag.
2002738|Both the state flag and the state seal were adopted in 1959.
2002740|The state flag, first adopted in 1907, bears the state seal.
2002742|The state flag, first adopted in 1915, bears the state seal.
2002744|The state flag, adopted in 1917, has a torch that stands for liberty and enlightenment.
2002746|The state banner, adopted in 1921, bears a reproduction of the eagle from the state seal carrying a streamer with the state motto.
2002748|The state flag, adopted in 1927, has a wreath above the state seal to represent the Louisiana Purchase.
2002750|The state flag, first adopted in 1918, bears the state seal.
2002752|The state flag was adopted in 1912, and the state seal was adopted in 1902.
2002754|The state flag, adopted in 1909, bears the state seal.
2002756|The provincial flag, adopted in 1966, bears the British Union Flag and a shield.
2002758|The state flag, adopted in 1904, bears the coats of arms of two families related to Lord Baltimore--the Calverts and the Crosslands.
2002760|The state flag, adopted in 1971, bears a shield with the figure of an Indian.
2002762|The state flag, adopted in 1911, bears a version of the state seal.
2002764|The state flag, adopted in 1957, bears a version of the state seal.
2002766|The state flag was adopted in 1894.
2002768|The state flag, adopted in 1913, has stripes of red, white, and blue that symbolize loyalty to the Union.
2002770|The state flag, adopted in 1905, displays an adaptation of the state seal within a field of blue.
2002772|The state flag, adopted in 1925, bears the state seal.
2002774|The state flag, adopted in 1929, bears a silver star.
2002776|The provincial flag, adopted in 1965, is based on the provincial coat of arms.
2002778|The state flag, adopted in 1909, bears the state seal.
2002780|The state flag, adopted in 1896, bears a version of the state seal.
2002782|On the state flag, adopted in 1925, the ancient sun symbol of the Zia Pueblo Indians appears in crimson on a gold field.
2002784|The New York coat of arms appears on both the state flag and the state seal.
2002786|The provincial flag was adopted in 1980.
2002788|The state flag, adopted in 1885, displays two dates.
2002790|The state flag, adopted in 1911, bears a modified version of the coat of arms of the United States.
2002792|The territorial flag, which bears most of the coat of arms, was adopted in 1969.
2002793|The provincial flag, granted by royal charter in 1625, bears the cross of St. Andrew and the arms of Scotland.
2002795|The state flag was adopted in 1902.
2002797|The state flag, adopted in 1925, displays an Osage warrior's shield decorated with eagle feathers.
2002799|The provincial flag, adopted in 1965, bears the British Union Flag and the shield of Ontario.
2002801|The state flag, adopted in 1925, bears the state seal.
2002803|The state flag, adopted in 1907, bears the state seal, which is supported by two horses.
2002805|The provincial flag, adopted in 1964, bears an adaptation of the coat of arms.
2002807|Puerto Rico's flag was designed about 1895 and was officially adopted in 1952.
2002808|The provincial flag was adopted in 1948.
2002810|On the state flag, adopted in 1897, 13 stars represent the original 13 colonies.
2002812|The provincial flag, adopted in 1969, bears the shield from the coat of arms and the provincial floral emblem, the prairie lily.
2002814|The state flag, adopted in 1861, bears a palmetto tree and a crescent.
2002816|The state flag, adopted in 1992, bears the state seal.
2002818|The state flag, adopted in 1905, has three stars representing East, Middle, and West Tennessee.
2002820|The state flag, known as the Lone Star Flag, was adopted in 1839.
2002822|The state flag, adopted in 1913, bears the state seal.
2002824|The state flag, adopted in 1923, bears the Vermont coat of arms.
2002826|The territorial flag was adopted in 1917.
2002827|The state flag, adopted in 1931, bears the front of the state seal.
2002829|The state flag, first adopted in 1923, bears the state seal.
2002832|The state flag, adopted in 1929, bears the front of the state seal.
2002834|The state flag, adopted in 1913, bears the state seal.
2002836|The state flag, adopted in 1917, shows the seal on a buffalo to represent the branding of livestock.
2002838|On the coat of arms, the cross of St. George represents English explorers of the Yukon.
2002839|Caliber (bullet diameter) is given in decimal fractions of an inch or in millimeters (mm).
2002840|Separate loading ammunition consists of separate sections for the projectile, the primer, and a propelling charge, upper figure.
2002841|A hollow-charge warhead is hollow in front with an explosive charge in the back.
2002842|The pink flamingo, shown, is one of the most commonly cultivated anthuriums.
2002843|The eastern bluebird has deep blue feathers.
2002844|The cannon-ball tree is a South American tree with pink or reddish flowers.
2002845|Carrier pigeon
2002847|The shapes of cells vary greatly.
2002848|A climbing perch can move and breathe out of water.
2002849|When the ignition switch is turned on, low-voltage currents flow from the battery to ignition coils.
2002850|The lovebug is a type of fly.
2002851|The eastern phoebe has brownish-gray feathers.
2002852|The hooded pitohui is the most poisonous pitohui.
2002853|The semipalmated plover nests along shorelines in Alaska and Canada.
2002854|The eastern quoll lives in forests in the southeastern part of mainland Australia and on the island of Tasmania.
2002855|Casual and dress shoes are made for most everyday occasions.
2002856|Sport shoes are designed to enhance athletic performance.
2002857|Smooth cordgrass is a common species of spartina.
2002858|A spotted owl is dark brown with white blotches.
2002859|The white shark may attack human beings.
2002860|Afghanistan's flag has green, white, and black stripes, and the nation's coat of arms in gold.
2002861|A two-headed black eagle appears on a red field.
2002862|Algeria's flag display a star and crescent, symbols of Islam, partly against a background of green, a traditional Islamic color.
2002863|The national flag, used by the people, has blue, yellow, and red vertical stripes.
2002864|The top half is red, and the bottom half is black.
2002865|Flag of Antigua and Barbuda
2002866|The state flag of the government, adopted in 1818, and the coat of arms bear a sun, which represents Argentina's freedom from Spain.
2002867|Armenia's flag has three horizontal stripes.
2002868|Australia's flag has a British Union flag, five stars that represent the constellation Southern Cross, and a large star for the country's states and territories.
2002869|Austria's flag has stripes of red, white, and red.
2002870|The flag's three horizontal stripes are light blue, red, and green.
2002871|A black triangle represents the Bahamian people.
2002872|A red field covers about three-fourths of the flag and adjoins the jagged edge of a vertical white stripe.
2002873|The Bangladesh flag was officially adopted in 1972.
2002874|The two outer stripes are blue (for the sea and sky) and the center stripe is orange (for the sand of the beaches).
2002875|The flag has a wide red horizontal stripe above a narrower green stripe.
2002876|Belgium's flag was first used during the revolt against Austrian rule in 1789.
2002877|A wide horizontal blue stripe is bordered by narrow horizontal red stripes at the top and bottom.
2002878|A green vertical stripe is on the left side of the flag.
2002879|The square flag is divided diagonally into yellow and orange halves.
2002880|Bolivia's state flag, used only by the government, was adopted in 1888.
2002881|A white flag with a blue shield in the center.
2002882|Three horizontal bands (blue, black, and blue) are divided by two white bands.
2002883|The Brazilian flag bears the motto "Order and Progress.
2002884|Flag of Brunei
2002885|The flag of Bulgaria bears the national colors--white, green, and red.
2002886|Two equal horizontal stripes of red and green.
2002887|The official flag of Burma's government was adopted in 1974.
2002888|From a white circle in the center, white bands extend to the corners.
2002889|Horizontal stripes of blue, red, and blue.
2002890|The flag has green, red, and yellow vertical stripes, with a yellow star in the center of the red stripe.
2002891|The flag of Canada features a red, 11-pointed maple leaf, a national symbol of the country.
2002892|The flag has five horizontal stripes of blue, white, red, white, and blue.
2002893|Horizontal blue, white, green, and yellow stripes are divided at the center by a red vertical stripe.
2002894|The flag has vertical blue, yellow, and red stripes.
2002895|The white star on Chile's flag stands for progress and honor.
2002896|China's flag was adopted in 1949.
2002897|Colombia's flag, adopted in 1861, has a yellow stripe for the golden New World, a red stripe for the blood shed for independence, and a blue stripe for the Atlantic Ocean.
2002898|A green field covers the flag.
2002899|A large green triangle is in the upper left corner, and a large red triangle is in the lower right corner.
2002900|Costa Rica's state flag, used by the government, was adopted in 1848.
2002901|The flag has horizontal stripes of red, white, and blue.
2002902|Cuba's flag was officially adopted in 1902, shortly after Cuba became a republic.
2002903|The flag is white with a map of Cyprus in copper-yellow (for copper) in the center above two green crossed olive branches (for peace).
2002904|The flag of the Czech Republic was adopted in 1993.
2002905|The Danish flag was probably first used in the 1200's, after King Valdemar II led a military crusade to Estonia.
2002906|The flag has a blue horizontal stripe at the top, a green horizontal stripe at the bottom, and a red star on a white triangle near the staff.
2002907|Flag of Dominica
2002908|A white cross divides the national flag, flown by the people, into alternately red and blue quarters.
2002909|The state flag, used by the government, bears the coat of arms.
2002910|Symbols of Egypt include the flag, left, and the coat of arms, right.
2002911|El Salvador's flag was adopted in 1912.
2002912|The flag has green, white, and red horizontal stripes, and a blue triangle at the staff.
2002913|The flag has a red triangle across the middle, bearing a yellow wreath and olive branch; a green triangle at the top; and a light blue triangle at the bottom.
2002914|Estonia's flag has three horizontal stripes.
2002915|The national flag, flown by the people, consists of three horizontal stripes--green, yellow, and red (top to bottom).
2002916|The British Union Jack appears in the upper left on a light blue field.
2002917|Finland's national flag was adopted in 1920.
2002918|The French flag is called the tricolor.
2002919|Three horizontal stripes, green, yellow, and blue.
2002920|The flag has three horizontal bands (red, blue, and green) divided by two narrow white bands.
2002921|The flag has a red field.
2002922|The German flag has stripes of black, red, and gold--colors that have been associated with German unity since the 1800's.
2002923|The flag has horizontal red, yellow, and green stripes with a black star symbolizing African freedom in the center.
2002924|The Greek flag has a white cross symbolizing the Greek Orthodox religion.
2002925|Flag of Grenada
2002926|The flag of Guatemala was adopted in 1871.
2002927|The flag has three vertical stripes: red (for the spirit of sacrifice), gold (for sun and wealth), and green (for the forests).
2002928|A black star is centered on a red vertical stripe to the left of two horizontal stripes.
2002929|The flag is green (representing agriculture and forests) with a red triangle (zeal in nation building) and a golden yellow arrowhead (minerals).
2002930|The dark blue top half of the national flag, flown by the people, stands for the blacks of Haiti; the red bottom half represents its mulattoes.
2002931|The flag of Honduras was adopted in 1866.
2002932|Hungary's flag has horizontal stripes of red, white, and green, the traditional national colors.
2002933|A red cross edged in white appears on a blue field.
2002934|India's flag was adopted in 1947.
2002935|The flag of Indonesia became official on Independence Day, Aug. 17, 1945.
2002936|Iran's flag and coat of arms were adopted by the Islamic government in 1980.
2002937|Iraq's flag was adopted in 1991.
2002938|Ireland's flag dates from the 1800's.
2002939|Israel's flag shows the Star of David, an ancient Jewish symbol.
2002940|The Italian flag was adopted in 1870.
2002941|Vertical stripes of orange, white, and green.
2002942|A gold diagonal cross with black triangular side panels, and green triangular panels at top and bottom.
2002943|Japan's flag, adopted in 1854, is a red sun on a white background.
2002944|Jordan's flag was adopted in 1928.
2002945|The flag is blue, with a yellow sun and eagle in the center and a yellow stripe of national ornamentation at the left.
2002946|Kenya's flag and coat of arms were adopted in 1963.
2002947|Flag of Kiribati
2002948|The flag and coat of arms of North Korea have a red star that represents Communism.
2002949|South Korea's flag and coat of arms feature a red and blue circle.
2002950|Horizontal green, white, and red stripes join a black, vertical stripe at the flagstaff.
2002951|The flag has a red field with a yellow sun in its center.
2002952|The flag has a red horizontal stripe at the top and the bottom, and a blue horizontal stripe in the center.
2002953|The Latvian flag dates back to the 1200's, when it served as a banner in battle for one of the original Latvian tribes.
2002954|The flag has three horizontal stripes--red, white, and red.
2002955|The flag has diagonal stripes of white, blue, and green.
2002956|The flag has 6 red and 5 white horizontal stripes that represent the 11 signers of the Liberian Declaration of Independence.
2002957|The flag of Libya is entirely green.
2002958|Two horizontal stripes, the upper one blue (for the sky), the lower one red (for the glow of evening fires).
2002959|Lithuania's flag has three horizontal stripes.
2002960|The flag has horizontal red, white, and blue stripes (top to bottom).
2002961|The flag is red and has a yellow disk with 16 yellow rays in the center.
2002962|A white vertical stripe appears at the left, with a red horizontal stripe over a green one at the right.
2002963|The flag has black, red, and green horizontal stripes, with a red rising sun on the black stripe.
2002964|A yellow crescent and star lie on a blue background in the upper left corner.
2002965|The flag has a white crescent on a dark green rectangle with a red border.
2002966|The flag has vertical stripes of green, gold, and red.
2002967|A replica of the George Cross, a British medal awarded to Malta for bravery in World War II, appears on a white and red field.
2002968|Flag of Marshall Islands
2002969|The flag is green and has a yellow star and crescent in the center.
2002970|The flag's four horizontal stripes are red, blue, yellow, and green (top to bottom).
2002971|Mexico's flag, adopted in 1821, features a version of the country's coat of arms.
2002972|Flag of Federated States of Micronesia
2002973|Flag of Moldova
2002974|The flag has two horizontal stripes, red and white.
2002975|Vertical stripes of red, blue, and red, with gold symbols on the left stripe.
2002976|Morocco's national flag was officially adopted in 1915.
2002977|The flag has three broad, horizontal stripes of green, black, and yellow separated by narrow white bands.
2002978|A large blue triangle is in the upper left corner, and a large green triangle is in the lower right corner.
2002979|Flag of Nauru
2002980|The flag has two crimson triangles trimmed in blue, one above the other.
2002981|The Dutch flag dates from about 1630.
2002982|New Zealand's flag, officially adopted in 1902, features the British Union Flag and the constellation Southern Cross.
2002983|Nicaragua's flag was adopted in 1908 from that of the United Provinces of Central America.
2002984|Horizontal stripes of orange, white, and green; an orange circle on the white stripe.
2002985|Nigeria's flag was adopted in 1960.
2002986|The Norwegian flag was first approved for use by merchant ships in 1821.
2002987|The flag has a vertical red stripe and three horizontal stripes of white, red, and green.
2002988|Pakistan's flag has a star and crescent, traditional symbols of Islam.
2002989|Panama's flag was adopted in 1903.
2002990|The flag is divided diagonally from upper left to lower right.
2002991|Paraguay's flag has the coat of arms on the front, left, and the Treasury seal on the back.
2002992|Peru's state flag, used by the government, was adopted in 1825.
2002993|The Philippine flag and coat of arms feature blue for noble ideals, red for courage, and white for peace.
2002994|The state flag of Poland is flown by the government.
2002995|Portugal's flag has a band of green, which stands for hope; and of red, which symbolizes the blood of the country's heroes.
2002996|The left third is white with a vertical series of points on the right side.
2002997|Romania's flag has stripes of blue, yellow, and red.
2002998|The Russian flag has stripes of white, blue, and red.
2002999|The flag has three vertical stripes of red, yellow, and green, with a large black R in the center.
2003000|Flag of St. Christopher and Nevis
2003001|Flag of St. Lucia
2003002|Flag of St. Vincent and the Grenadines
2003003|The flag has a blue and a white horizontal stripe.
2003004|The flag has green horizontal stripes (for forests and the sea) at the top and bottom; a yellow horizontal stripe (for soil) in the center; and a red triangle (for the struggle for freedom) near the staff.
2003005|The flag of Saudi Arabia was adopted in 1973.
2003006|The flag has green, yellow, and red vertical stripes.
2003007|Flag of Seychelles
2003008|Three horizontal stripes--green, white, and blue.
2003009|There are two horizontal stripes, red on top (for equality and brotherhood) and white below (for purity and virtue).
2003010|The flag has horizontal stripes of white, blue, and red.
2003011|The flag has horizontal stripes of white, blue, and red.
2003012|Flag of Solomon Islands
2003013|The light blue flag has a large white star in the center.
2003014|South Africa's flag, adopted in 1994, represents the country's peoples coming together in unity.
2003015|Spain's state flag, used by the government, was adopted in 1981.
2003016|A yellow lion on a crimson field is a symbol of precolonial Sri Lanka.
2003017|Three horizontal stripes of red, white, and black, with a green triangle symbolizing Islam.
2003018|The flag has five horizontal stripes of green, white, red, white, and green.
2003019|Five horizontal stripes.
2003020|The Swedish flag, first used in the mid-1400's, was made official in 1663.
2003021|The Swiss flag was used in an earlier form in 1240 by the region of Schwyz.
2003022|Syria's flag, which was adopted in 1980, bears traditional Arab colors.
2003023|The flag has a red field.
2003024|The flag has horizontal stripes of reddish orange, white, and green.
2003025|Tanzania's flag was adopted in 1964.
2003026|Thailand's flag was adopted in 1917.
2003027|The flag has five horizontal stripes, three green and two yellow, with a white star on a red square in the upper left corner.
2003028|The flag has a red field and a white canton.
2003029|A black stripe, bordered by white stripes, runs across a red field from the upper left to the lower right corner.
2003030|The flag has a large white circle on a red field.
2003031|Turkey's flag was adopted in 1936.
2003032|The flag has three unequal vertical stripes of green, maroon, and green.
2003033|Flag of Tuvalu
2003034|A white-crested crane is centered on horizontal stripes of black (for Africa), yellow (sunshine), and red (brotherhood).
2003035|The Ukrainian flag was adopted in 1992.
2003036|The flag has a vertical red stripe and horizontal stripes of green, white, and black.
2003037|United Kingdom's flag is known as the British Union Flag or the Union Jack.
2003038|Symbols of the United States include the American flag and the Great Seal.
2003039|Uruguay's flag and coat of arms were adopted in 1830.
2003040|The flag has three broad horizontal bands--light blue, white, and light green (top to bottom)--separated by thin red lines.
2003041|Flag of Vanuatu
2003042|Flag of Vatican City
2003043|Venezuela's state flag, used by the government, was adopted in 1954.
2003044|Vietnam's flag and coat of arms feature a star that stands for Communism.
2003045|The flag has a red field with a blue canton in the upper left-hand corner.
2003046|Red, white, and black horizontal stripes.
2003047|Symbols of Yugoslavia include a flag adopted in 1992 and a coat of arms adopted in 1993.
2003048|Zaire's flag was adopted in 1971.
2003049|The flag has an orange eagle in the upper right corner over three vertical stripes of red (for freedom), black (for the people), and orange (for mineral wealth) on a field of green (for natural resources).
2003050|The flag has seven horizontal stripes of green, yellow, red, black, red, yellow, and green.
2003051|Johann Sebastian Bach's composition for the organ, Toccata and Fugue in D minor, is one of his best known works.
2003053|Eine kleine Nachtmusik (A Little Night Music) by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
2003054|Joseph Haydn wrote chamber music, operas, and church music, but is probably best known for his symphonies.
2003055|Frederic Chopin, a master of piano composition, wrote more than 200 works for solo piano, including sonatas, ballades, etudes, and waltzes.
2003056|Richard Wagner was one of the greatest composers of opera.
2003057|Johannes Brahms is famous for his four symphonies, piano music, instrumental chamber music, orchestral music, concertos, songs, and choral works.
2003058|Hector Berlioz was known for his inventive orchestra compositions, including symphonies, operas, and other large works.
2003059|Peter Ilich Tchaikovsky was the first Russian composer whose works were regularly performed by orchestras in western Europe.
2003060|Franz Schubert wrote many types of music, including symphonies, chamber music, solo piano works, and songs.
2003061|Giuseppe Verdi composed some of the most popular operas of all time.
2003062|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003063|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003064|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003065|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003066|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003067|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003068|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003069|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003070|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003071|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003072|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003073|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003074|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003075|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003076|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003077|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003078|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003079|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003080|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003081|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003082|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003083|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003084|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003085|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003086|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003087|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003088|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003089|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003090|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003091|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003092|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003093|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003094|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003095|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003096|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003097|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003098|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003099|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003100|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003101|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003102|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003103|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003104|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003105|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003106|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003107|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003108|The baroque period lasted from about 1600 to 1750.
2003109|Music of the classical period emphasized balance, clarity, and formal beauty.
2003110|The romantic era lasted from about 1820 to 1900.
2003111|The romantic era lasted from about 1820 to 1900.
2003112|A mercury barometer, left, works on the same principle as a device invented in 1643 by the Italian physicist Evangelista Torricelli, right.
2003113|An aneroid barometer has a vacuum chamber that expands or contracts with changes in air pressure.
2003114|A dry cell consists of a zinc container filled with substances that produce an electric current by reacting chemically with one another.
2003115|A 9-volt battery has six individual dry cells.
2003116|In a fire-tube boiler, hot gases flow through tubes that are surrounded by water.
2003117|In a water-tube boiler, hot gases flow over tubes filled with water.
2003118|Underside of a female American lobster
2003119|The harbor porpoise, also called the common porpoise, has a dark gray to black back and a pale gray or white belly.
2003120|Flag of Palau
2003121|The ratio that appears below each flag represents the relation between the hoist (vertical width) and the fly (horizontal length).
2003122|A transaxle delivers engine power to shafts that turn the wheels of an automobile.
2003123|Engine and drive train
2003124|Trains ride on flanged wheels.
2003125|Parts of an in-line skate
2003126|A radioactive decay series is the process by which a radioactive atom releases radiation and changes into different forms of the same element or into other elements.
2003127|The humoral immune response begins with the detection of an antigen by a B lymphocyte.
2003128|The cell-mediated immune response involves T lymphocytes, which originate in bone marrow but mature in the thymus.
2003129|Almost all professional and many amateur rinks are laid out like the one shown here.
2003130|Offside plays rank among the most common hockey violations.
2003131|A meshed-tooth zipper has two rows of teeth that are joined or separated by a slide.
2003132|An atom becomes an ion when it gains or loses an electron and so acquires an electric charge.
2003133|Metals, such as copper wire, are good conductors because they have a large number of free electrons.
2003134|An electric circuit is a path that electric current can follow between a device, such as a light bulb, and an energy source, such as a battery.
2003135|Mechanical brakes are commonly used on bicycles.
2003136|Automobile brakes
2003137|Videotape recorders record video signals in helical (diagonal) tracks on the tape.
2003138|Nuclear fusion releases large amounts of radiation.
2003139|Nuclear fission releases several types of radiation, including neutrons, alpha and beta particles, gamma rays, and X rays.
2003141|The accordion is played by stretching and compressing the bellows while the fingers press various keys and buttons.
2003144|An alligator's body is suited for life on land and in water.
2003145|A group of impalas bounds across a grassland in Kenya.
2003146|The nine-banded armadillo has a protective shell of nine narrow bands of bony plates that slide upon one another.
2003147|An Audubon painting of pileated woodpeckers shows the realistic, colorful style of the artist and naturalist.
2003148|Female baboons take loving care of their young.
2003149|American badgers live in family groups during the spring and summer, when the adults raise their young.
2003150|The bagpipe is an instrument that consists of a leather bag fitted with five wooden pipes.
2003151|The balalaika is plucked with the fingers or a pick called a plectrum.
2003152|Bananas grow in many warm regions.
2003153|The banjo is a stringed musical instrument played with the fingers or with a pick called a plectrum.
2003154|The bass is the largest stringed instrument played with a bow.
2003155|The bassoon is a woodwind instrument used primarily in orchestras.
2003156|The sight of a flying bat frightens many people unnecessarily.
2003158|After cutting down a tree, a beaver moves it to a nearby pond.
2003159|Orchestra chimes
2003160|Rosa Parks was arrested in 1955 when she refused to give up her seat on a bus in Montgomery, Ala., to accommodate a white person.
2003161|Colin Powell
2003162|The boa constrictor can swallow animals bigger than its head because the bones of its jaws can spread far apart.
2003164|Musicians usually play bongo drums in Latin-American music.
2003165|The American buffalo cares for its young until the calf is about 3 years old.
2003166|The bugle is a wind instrument made of brass or copper.
2003167|The organ-pipe cactus has stems that resemble the pipes of an organ.
2003168|The cardinal is a popular songbird of North America.
2003169|Hereford cattle graze in a pasture.
2003171|The cello, or violoncello, became popular as a solo instrument in the late 1600's.
2003173|The cheetah hunts by prowling quietly through grass until it nears its prey.
2003174|Chimpanzees live together in groups.
2003176|The chipmunk uses pouches in its cheeks to carry nuts and seeds to its burrow.
2003181|The clarinet is a popular woodwind instrument.
2003182|The conga drum is popular in Latin-American music.
2003189|The coyote lives in most areas of the United States, Canada, and Mexico and in some parts of Central America.
2003190|A crocodile's body is long, low and cigar-shaped.
2003191|The American crow is found in most parts of North America.
2003193|Boxer
2003194|A Great Dane makes a good guard dog and family pet.
2003205|Labrador retriever
2003206|Pointer
2003209|English springer spaniel
2003213|Weimaraner
2003217|Greyhound
2003221|Afghan hound
2003223|Basset hound
2003233|Skye terrier
2003239|Miniature schnauzer
2003249|Pomeranian
2003254|Bulldog
2003259|Poodle
2003265|Old English sheepdog
2003269|A drum set consists of a number of drums of different sizes and types, along with cymbals.
2003270|Timpani are among the largest drums and are generally played in symphony orchestras.
2003271|The American elk has dark brown fur on its legs, head, and neck.
2003278|Flamingos live in marshy areas in many parts of the world.
2003279|The lesser flamingo is a species of flamingo that lives in the Great Rift Valley of Kenya and Tanzania in Africa.
2003280|The flute is a woodwind instrument popular in bands and orchestras.
2003283|The gray fox is the only member of the dog family that frequently climbs trees.
2003284|The French horn is a metal tube coiled into a circular shape.
2003285|Thomson's gazelle is an animal with a light fawn-colored back and white underside separated by a dark band along its flanks.
2003286|The gibbon is the smallest member of the ape family.
2003287|The Gila monster is a poisonous lizard found in deserts of the Southwest.
2003288|Giraffes live in small groups on African grasslands.
2003289|Two bony "horns" grow from a giraffe's skull.
2003290|The glockenspiel produces a clear, bell-like sound.
2003294|The gorilla is the largest kind of ape.
2003295|Grapes are grown in many parts of the world.
2003296|A massive grizzly bear rises up on its hind legs.
2003297|A guinea pig has a large head, small ears, and short legs.
2003298|An acoustical guitar produces sounds when a musician plucks or strums its six strings.
2003299|An electric guitar produces sounds by electronic amplification.
2003301|A golden hamster is light reddish-brown with white underparts.
2003302|The harmonica is a small wind instrument with reeds that produce tones when the player exhales or inhales into the holes.
2003303|The harp is a large stringed instrument.
2003304|A harpsichord is a musical instrument that looks somewhat like a small piano.
2003306|A river hippopotamus has a stout, barrel-shaped body; short legs; and a huge head.
2003311|The spotted hyena has massive, powerful jaws and strong teeth that can crack even large bones.
2003315|A joey (young kangaroo) spends the first several months of its life inside its mother's pouch.
2003316|A female koala carries her joey (young) on her back.
2003317|Komodo dragons are Indonesian lizards.
2003320|The Australian frilled lizard frightens enemies away by opening its mouth with a hiss and unfolding the large frill that encircles its head.
2003321|The llama has thick hair and a long neck and looks somewhat like a small camel.
2003322|The lute is an ancient stringed instrument.
2003325|The mandolin has been popular for hundreds of years, particularly among southern Europeans and Latin Americans.
2003337|Moose live in northern regions that have dense forests and many lakes and swamps.
2003339|The oboe is a high-pitched woodwind instrument.
2003343|Pipe organs may have several thousand pipes.
2003344|The ostrich is the world's largest bird.
2003345|The North American otter lives in burrows along the banks of rivers and feeds primarily on fish and crayfish.
2003346|Bubo virginianus.
2003347|Nyctea scandiaca.
2003348|The giant panda commonly weighs from 200 to 300 pounds (90 to 140 kilograms).
2003349|A red panda weighs only from 6 to 12 pounds (2.7 to 5.4 kilograms).
2003350|A male peacock can spread the feathers on its back into a beautiful fan.
2003351|Brown pelicans inhabit coastal areas of North and South America.
2003352|Adult penguins provide food and warmth for their young.
2003353|The piccolo is the smallest of the woodwind instruments.
2003354|Pigeons are common in most large cities.
2003355|The platypus has a broad, flat tail and webbed feet that aid in swimming.
2003356|The hardy polar bear lives along the frozen shores and in the icy waters of the Arctic Ocean.
2003357|The North American porcupine is protected by yellowish-white quills.
2003362|The Indian python grows to about 20 feet (6 meters) in length.
2003364|A young cottontail sits motionless to escape hunters, but hops away quickly if they come near.
2003365|An angora rabbit is raised for its fur.
2003366|A raccoon has a "mask" of black hair around its eyes.
2003367|Rats are small, furry mammals that have plagued human beings for centuries.
2003368|A recorder has a whistle mouthpiece and holes that the musician covers and uncovers to play different notes.
2003370|The reindeer lives in Arctic regions of Europe, Asia, and North America.
2003371|The white rhinoceros is the largest kind of rhinoceros.
2003372|An American robin tends her newly hatched young, shown.
2003373|The saxophone is a woodwind instrument made of brass.
2003374|A sea otter swims mostly on its back, paddling with its flipper-shaped hind feet.
2003375|The elephant seal, also called the sea elephant, is named for its large nose, which grows about 15 inches (38 centimeters) long.
2003376|The world's largest tree, according to volume of wood, is the General Sherman Tree, shown, in Sequoia National Park in California.
2003377|Sheep provide clothing and food for people.
2003381|The sitar is used primarily to play classical music of northern India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh.
2003382|The striped skunk sprays an enemy only after giving a warning by growling and stamping its front feet.
2003384|The snow leopard has pale hair with brown spots.
2003385|Common tree squirrels of North America include the American red squirrel, shown here eating fruit.
2003386|The Tasmanian devil is a fierce animal of the Australian island of Tasmania.
2003388|The tiger's coloration helps conceal the animal in its natural surroundings.
2003389|The striped toad of South America, like most species of toads, has dry, warty skin.
2003390|A triangle is a steel percussion instrument shaped like a triangle and open at one corner.
2003391|The trombone is an important brass instrument in both popular and classical music.
2003392|The trumpet is a popular brass instrument with a brilliant tone.
2003393|The upright tuba is used in the brass section of symphony orchestras.
2003394|The ukulele looks somewhat like a small guitar.
2003395|Vampire bat
2003397|The walrus has long tusks that it uses mainly for defense.
2003399|The timber wolf lives in forests of northern Asia, Europe, and North America.
2003406|The xylophone is a percussion instrument.
2003408|Zebras live in eastern and southern Africa.
2003409|Zither
2003410|George Frideric Handel is best known for his dramatic vocal compositions called oratorios.
2003411|Cymbals
2003412|English horn
2003413|Flugelhorn
2003414|Gong
2003415|Vibraphone
2003416|This map shows the 13 British colonies that became the United States.
2003417|The city flag shows French fleurs-de-lis, British lions, and American stars and stripes to represent the three nations that have controlled Detroit.
2003420|The bamboo is a type of giant grass that grows in groves.
2003423|Christopher Columbus has been depicted by many artists over the years.
2003424|Some breeds of dogs have unusual characteristics.
2003425|The artist draws a picture by cutting through an acid-resistant coating on a metal plate, left.
2003430|The pine-tree shilling was a colonial silver coin.
2003431|Reproduction in ferns involves two forms of the fern plant.
2003433|U.S. military medals and decorations
2003434|U.S. civilian medals and decorations
2003435|Medal of Honor
2003436|European medals and decorations
2003437|Orders of Canada and Mexico
2003438|Johnson's wife and his oldest daughter shared the duties of hostess at White House functions during his presidency.
2003439|Rembrandt's self-portraits form a vivid record of his life.
2003440|Fads of the 1920's helped Americans forget the hardships of World War I.
2003441|The artist cuts a design into a metal plate, left, with a sharp tool called a burin.
2003442|A British one-pound coin has a picture of Queen Elizabeth II on the front and a symbol of the United Kingdom on the back.
2003443|Two propaganda versions of Adolf Hitler show the German dictator from opposite viewpoints.
2003444|Marsupials are born at an extremely immature stage of development.
2003445|More than 20,000 species of orchids grow in most parts of the world.
2003446|Turtles have a hard beak.
2003448|Blowing glass without the use of molds involves several steps.
2003450|The red, white, and blue in the flag of Dallas, left, represent the United States and Texas, which use these colors in their flags.
2003451|The city's flag was adopted in 1939.
2003452|The flag, left, and the seal, right, feature the phoenix and the dates 1847 and 1865.
2003457|The city's flag was adopted in 1895.
2003458|Both the city's flag, left, and its seal, right, feature the phoenix, the mythical bird for which the city is named.
2003464|The flag's blue bars represent the North Saskatchewan River and the sky.
2003467|The red, white, and blue in the flag of Memphis represent the United States and Tennessee, both of which use those colors in their flags.
2003468|The city flag, adopted in 1954, has a large gear to represent manufacturing.
2003469|The city flag and the coat of arms of Montreal include the national flowers of France (fleur-de-lis), England (rose), Scotland (thistle), and Ireland (shamrock).
2003470|The Arctic landscape changes dramatically with the seasons.
2003472|The city's flag was adopted on Sept. 4, 1931, the 150th anniversary of the founding of Los Angeles.
2003473|Shrimp are shellfish related to crabs and lobsters.
2003474|The coconut, fruit of the coconut palm, is one of the largest of all seeds.
2003477|The flag includes the city seal and the date 1542, when the explorer Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo sailed into San Diego Bay.
2003479|Modern surgery is a team effort.
2003480|Washington's flag was adopted in 1938.
2003481|Stonehenge was probably used as a tribal gathering place and a religious center by ancient inhabitants of England.
2003482|Respiratory system MultiViews
2003483|Lungs
2003484|Alveoli
2003485|Bronchioles
2003486|Bronchi
2003487|Nasal cavity
2003488|Mouth
2003489|Trachea
2003490|Heart (front) MultiViews
2003491|Aorta (front)
2003492|Coronary arteries (front)
2003493|Coronary veins (front)
2003494|Inferior vena cava (front)
2003495|Pulmonary artery (front)
2003496|Right atrium (front)
2003497|Superior vena cava (front)
2003498|Ventricles (front)
2003499|Heart (back) MultiViews
2003500|Aorta (back)
2003501|Coronary arteries (back)
2003502|Coronary arteries (back)
2003503|Inferior vena cava (back)
2003504|Left atrium (back)
2003505|Pulmonary artery (back)
2003506|Right atrium (back)
2003507|Superior vena cava (back)
2003508|Ventricles (back)
2003509|Heart (cutaway) MultiViews
2003510|Aorta (cutaway)
2003511|Aortic valve
2003512|Mitral valve
2003513|Inferior vena cava (cutaway)
2003514|Left atrium (cutaway)
2003515|Left ventricle
2003516|Pulmonary artery (cutaway)
2003517|Right atrium (cutaway)
2003518|Right ventricle
2003519|Superior vena cava (cutaway)
2003520|Tricuspid valve
2003521|Digestive system MultiViews
2003522|Esophagus
2003523|Gallbladder and ducts
2003524|Large intestine
2003525|Liver
2003526|Mouth
2003527|Pancreas
2003528|Salivary glands
2003529|Small intestine
2003530|Stomach
2003531|Brain (left hemisphere) MultiViews
2003532|Brainstem
2003533|Cerebellum (left hemisphere)
2003534|Frontal lobe
2003535|Parietal lobe
2003536|Occipital lobe
2003537|Temporal lobe
2003538|Brain (cutaway) MultiViews
2003539|Cerebellum (cutaway)
2003540|Cerebral cortex (cutaway)
2003541|Corpus callosum
2003542|Hypothalamus
2003543|Medulla
2003544|Midbrain
2003545|Pituitary gland
2003546|Pons
2003547|Thalamus
2003548|Immune system MultiViews
2003549|Bone marrow
2003550|Lymphatic vessels
2003551|Lymph nodes
2003552|Thymus
2003553|Spleen
2003554|Thyroid gland (front view) MultiViews
2003555|Thyroid gland (front view)
2003556|Thyroid cartilage (front view)
2003557|Trachea (front view)
2003558|Thyroid gland (back view) MultiViews
2003559|Esophagus
2003560|Thyroid cartilage (back view)
2003561|Thyroid gland (back view)
2003562|Trachea (back view)
2003563|Cerebral cortex (left hemisphere)
2003564|Eine kleine Nachtmusik (A Little Night Music) by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
2003566|Overture from The Magic Flute by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
2003568|Symphony No. 41, "Jupiter" by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
2003571|Symphony No 6., "Pathetique" (Pathetic) by Peter Ilich Tchaikovsky
2003573|Moonlight Sonata by Ludwig van Beethoven
2003575|Symphony No. 3, "Eroica" by Ludwig van Beethoven
2003576|Symphony No. 9 by Ludwig van Beethoven
2003578|Addio de passato" from La Traviata by Giuseppe Verdi
2003579|Anvil Chorus" from Il Trovatore by Giuseppe Verdi
4010001|A season is one of four periods of the year--spring, summer, autumn, and winter.
4010002|Earth scientists theorize that 200 million years ago the continents formed part of a single giant land mass called Pangaea.
4010003|Volcanic islands are formed by oceanic volcanoes.
4010004|The Himalaya, the world's highest mountain system, is a result of the collision of two huge tectonic plates about 40 million years ago.
4010005|Coral islands are formed by coral reefs, which are limestone formations composed of tiny sea organisms and their remains.
4010006|Most earthquakes occur near and along the boundaries of the rocky plates that cover the earth's surface.
4010007|An eruption begins when melted rock called magma rises from deep inside the earth toward the surface.
4010008|The turbofan is the most common jet engine.
4010009|An airplane has three basic movements--pitch, roll, and yaw.
4010010|The engines of most cars operate on a four-stroke cycle.
4010011|A two-stroke cycle engine is used where low cost is important, such as in a power lawn mower.
4010012|A type of nuclear division called meiosis occurs only in sex cells.
4010013|In mitosis, the cell divides to produce two cells.
4010014|DNA is a molecule that makes up the genes, the basic units of heredity found in cell chromosomes.
4010015|The phenomenon called the Doppler effect changes the pitch of sound waves when the source of the sound is moving relative to the listener.
4010016|The circulatory system is a network that carries blood throughout the body to provide nutrition, oxygen, and to remove waste.
4010017|The lungs enable the body to replenish the blood supply with oxygen and to remove carbon dioxide.
4010018|Breathing is the process by which the body takes in oxygen from the atmosphere and releases carbon dioxide.
4010019|The heartbeat is a continuous action.
4010021|The circulatory system nourishes the entire body with food digested by the digestive system.
4010022|Blood is an important fluid that flows through the human body.
4010023|The circulatory system helps get rid of wastes and poisons that would harm the body if they accumulated.
4010024|The circulatory system plays a part in respiration by delivering oxygen to the cells and removing carbon dioxide from them.
4010025|Radio broadcasting works by translating sounds into electromagnetic waves called radio waves.
4010026|The broadcast of a television picture begins with a television camera.
4010027|Horses have three natural gaits, or ways of moving: the walk, the trot, and the gallop.
4010028|When a bird flies, its wings make two kinds of movements.
4010030|Grand medieval castles were designed to be inaccessible to outsiders.
4010032|Space shuttles carry artificial satellites, space probes, and other heavy loads into orbit around the earth.
4010043|Bees make honey because it provides an important food source for them.
4010045|A camera is basically a box with a lens at one end and film at the other.
4010048|A canal connects two bodies of water that may have different water levels.
4010052|Compact discs, often called CD's, are round, flat plastic discs on which information is stored as a pattern of tiny pits and flat spaces.
4010055|Five kinds of eclipses occur, as demonstrated in the following time-lapse images: a partial eclipse of the sun, an annular eclipse of the sun, a total eclipse of the sun, a total eclipse of the moon, and a partial eclipse of the moon.
4010056|An electric motor is a machine that uses electric energy to produce motion.
4010076|Every 29-1/2 days, the moon goes through several phases, or appearances as seen from earth.
4010077|The ancient Egyptians believed that the dead lived on in the next world, and that for this reason their bodies should be preserved forever.
4010078|Skeletal muscles enable people to move.
4010080|Photosynthesis is a food-making process in green plants.
4010085|The spider uses its web to catch food.
4010087|The outer layer of your teeth--the enamel--is the hardest substance in your body.
4010088|A telephone handset contains a transmitter and a receiver.
4010089|Tornadoes are the most violent windstorms on earth.
4010094|A submarine has a sleek, cigar-shaped body that enables it to move swiftly underwater.
4020003|The Hubble Space Telescope is an orbiting observatory that was launched in 1990.
4020004|After escalating U.S. involvement in Vietnam through the 1960's, President Richard M. Nixon announced in 1969 that the U.S. would begin withdrawing its forces from the war ravaged country.
4020005|The Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr., was the main leader of the civil rights movement in the United States during the 1950's and 1960's.
4020007|The crash of the stock market in October 1929 signaled the beginning of the Great Depression, the worst economic crisis of the 20th century.
4020009|Apollo 11 was the first space mission to land a human being on the moon.
4020010|Thomas Edison was one of the greatest inventors and industrial leaders in history.
4020011|Before the Berlin Wall was built in 1961, as many as 1,000 people a day emigrated from East Germany to escape Communist rule and seek a better standard of living in the West.
4020012|After four years of work, including thousands of glider flights, Orville and Wilbur Wright built their first airplane, called the Flyer.
4020013|Henry Ford was the leading manufacturer of American automobiles in the early 1900's.
4020014|The size and speed of computers have changed dramatically since the development of the first general purpose electronic digital computer--the ENIAC.
4020015|Weather is the condition of the air that surrounds the earth.
4020016|Franklin D. Roosevelt, elected president in 1932, promised a "New Deal" for the people.
4020017|Classical ballet technique is based on a position of the legs called the turnout.
4020018|In the floor exercise, the gymnast must perform a continuous series of movements that require flexibility, balance, and strength.
4020019|On the pommel horse, the gymnast must support his weight entirely with his hands while performing a series of swinging maneuvers.
4020020|On the ring exercise, the gymnast must try to keep the rings motionless while he executes a number of difficult maneuvers with his body.
4020021|The men's vault uses the same equipment as the women's vault.
4020022|The gymnast performs swings, handstands, and other movements on the parallel bars.
4020023|On the horizontal bar, the gymnast must perform acrobatic moves without coming to a stop.
4020024|The women's vault uses the same equipment as the men's vault.
4020025|The uneven parallel bars event requires the gymnast to execute difficult maneuvers on both bars while in constant motion.
4020026|On the balance beam, the gymnast tries to use the entire length of the beam.
4020027|In the floor exercise, the gymnast demonstrates her skills in acrobatics, tumbling, and dancing.
4020028|Rhythmic gymnasts are judged on the grace and difficulty of various maneuvers performed with equipment such as a ribbon, clubs, or hoop.
4020039|Abraham Lincoln was president of the United States from 1861 to 1865.
4020043|Franklin Delano Roosevelt was elected President of the United States four times: in 1932, 1936, 1940, and 1944.
4020048|Many legendary stories exist about George Washington, the first president of the United States of America.
4020050|Pearl Harbor is a sheltered harbor on the Hawaiian island of Oahu.
4020052|Animals of the deserts have developed special bodies and ways of life that enable them to survive in extreme heat.
4020053|Grasslands include the prairies of North America, the pampas of South America, the plains of Europe, the steppes of Asia, and the savannas of Africa.
4020055|From the smallest creatures in the world to the largest, animals of all sorts live in the vast oceans.
4020057|Temperate forests have warm summers and cold winters.
4020058|Tropical forests stay warm all year and receive abundant rainfall.
4020065|Many waste materials are recyclable, including aluminum cans and paper.
4020086|Eleanor Roosevelt was born in New York City in 1884.
4020088|The Venus de Milo is one of the world's most famous works of art.
4020089|Moses is a famous marble statue by the Italian artist Michelangelo.
4020090|A totem pole is a large log, carved and painted, which the head of a Native American clan or family erects in front of their house.
4020093|Designed by the famous artist, Pablo Picasso, this steel sculpture stands 50 feet high and weighs 162 tons.
4020095|This famous ancient sculpture was discovered in 1863, when a French archaeologist found the statue on the Greek island of Samothrace.
4020096|George Segal is an American sculptor who creates life-sized plaster figures, in poses taken from everyday experiences.
4020098|Before the Berlin Wall was built in 1961, as many as 1,000 people a day emigrated from East Germany to escape Communist rule and seek a better standard of living in the West.
4020099|Franklin D. Roosevelt, elected president in 1932, promised a "New Deal" for the people.
4020100|After escalating U.S. involvement in Vietnam through the 1960's, President Richard M. Nixon announced in 1969 that the U.S. would begin withdrawing its forces from the war ravaged country.
4020101|After four years of work, including thousands of glider flights, Orville and Wilbur Wright built their first airplane, called the Flyer.
4020102|The crash of the stock market in October 1929 signaled the beginning of the Great Depression, the worst economic crisis of the 20th century.
4020103|The Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr., was the main leader of the civil rights movement in the United States during the 1950's and 1960's.
4020104|Apollo 11 was the first space mission to land a human being on the moon.
4020107|Henry Ford was the leading manufacturer of American automobiles in the early 1900's.
4020108|The Hubble Space Telescope is an orbiting observatory that was launched in 1990.
4020109|Thomas Edison was one of the greatest inventors and industrial leaders in history.
4020110|The size and speed of computers have changed dramatically since the development of the first general purpose electronic digital computer--the ENIAC.
4020111|Weather is the condition of the air that surrounds the earth.
4020113|Classical ballet technique is based on a position of the legs called the turnout.
4020115|Abraham Lincoln was president of the United States from 1861 to 1865.
4020116|Franklin Delano Roosevelt was elected President of the United States four times: in 1932, 1936, 1940, and 1944.
4020118|Many legendary stories exist about George Washington, the first president of the United States of America.
4020119|Animals of the deserts have developed special bodies and ways of life that enable them to survive in extreme heat.
4020120|Grasslands include the prairies of North America, the pampas of South America, the plains of Europe, the steppes of Asia, and the savannas of Africa.
4020122|From the smallest creatures in the world to the largest, animals of all sorts live in the vast oceans.
4020124|Temperate forests have warm summers and cold winters.
4020125|Tropical forests stay warm all year and receive abundant rainfall.
4020131|Eleanor Roosevelt was born in New York City in 1884.
4020132|The speed (or velocity) of the water balloon at impact depends on the height from which it is dropped.
4020133|Joan throws a water balloon straight toward John.
4020134|Click on GO to see which elevator reaches the top floor first.
4020135|It takes 100 pounds of effort to lift a 100-pound boulder by hand.
4020136|A pendulum swings at a regular rate.
4020137|Spectacular auroral displays light up the night sky.
4020138|Bats usually spend the daylight hours roosting in an upside-down position.
4020139|A male caribou has large, broad antlers.
4020140|Elephants live in families of related adult females and their young.
4020141|Flowers are prized by people for their beautiful shapes, gorgeous colors, and delightful fragrances.
4020142|A gibbon lives on the tops of trees and rarely comes to the ground.
4020143|A giraffe can escape enemies by running away.
4020144|Arctic ground squirrels live in cold climates and are active only during the day.
4020145|A jack rabbit has large eyes and long, thin ears.
4020146|The lion is one of the largest members of the cat family.
4020147|An octopus uses its eight long arms to move along the ocean bottom.
4020148|Ostriches cannot fly, but they are known for their speed on the ground.
4020149|Penguins stand upright on land and walk with a waddle on their short legs.
4020150|Salmon are powerful swimmers that overcome many obstacles when traveling.
4020151|Seals are excellent divers and swimmers.
4020152|The backstroke is performed as you lie on your back.
4020153|The breaststroke is done in combination with the breaststroke kick.
4020154|The butterfly is a hard stroke to learn.
4020155|The front crawl is the fastest and most popular swimming stroke.
4020156|A humpback whale is highly acrobatic and can leap out of the water.
4020157|Zebras protect themselves from enemies by living in herds.
4020161|The British Houses of Parliament meet in the New Palace of Westminster, overlooking the Thames River.
4020164|London's popular Trafalgar Square is named for the Battle of Trafalgar, which took place in 1805 during Britain's war with Napoleon Bonaparte.
4020165|The Empire State Building in New York City has an observation deck that provides dramatic views of the city.
4020168|The bright lights of Broadway are a famous symbol of New York City.
4020169|Central Park provides open space in the heart of crowded Manhattan, the business center of New York City.
4020171|The Eiffel Tower stands in a park called the Champ de Mars in Paris.
4020172|The Tuileries Gardens lay west of the Louvre Palace, which houses the world-famous art museum.
4020173|The Cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris is a fine example of Gothic architecture.
4020174|The Place de la Bastille in Paris was once the site of a great fortress that the French people stormed in 1789, during the French Revolution.
4020175|The Arc de Triomphe (Arch of Triumph) stands at the western end of the famous Paris avenue, the Champs Elysees.
4020182|The Piazza Navona in Rome is considered the city's most picturesque square.
4020185|Fisherman's Wharf is a major tourist attraction of San Francisco.
4020186|The Golden Gate Bridge spans the Golden Gate, a strait 1 mile (1.6 kilometers) wide that connects the Pacific Ocean and San Francisco Bay.
4020195|The Venus de Milo is one of the world's most famous works of art.
4020196|The Venus de Milo is one of the world's most famous works of art.
4020198|Moses is a famous marble statue by the Italian artist Michelangelo.
4020200|A totem pole is a large log, carved and painted, which the head of a Native American clan or family erects in front of their house.
4020201|The Burghers of Calais is an expressive public monument created by the French sculptor Auguste Rodin.
4020203|The Chicago Picasso is a steel sculpture that stands in the city's Richard J. Daley Plaza.
4020204|Designed by the famous artist, Pablo Picasso, this steel sculpture stands 50 feet high and weighs 162 tons.
4020207|Nike is an ancient sculpture that represents the Greek goddess of victory.
4020208|This famous ancient sculpture was discovered in 1863, when a French archaeologist found the statue on the Greek island of Samothrace.
4020209|The Diner shows life-sized plaster figures created by the American sculptor George Segal.
4020210|George Segal is an American sculptor who creates life-sized plaster figures, in poses taken from everyday experiences.
4020220|The Valley of the Kings is a rocky, narrow gorge, which was used as a cemetery by the pharaohs--or kings--of ancient Egypt between 1550 and 1100 B.C.
4020221|The Great Sphinx is the largest and oldest representation of a sphinx from ancient Egypt.
4020226|The Valley of the Kings is a rocky, narrow gorge, which was used as a cemetery by the pharaohs--or kings--of ancient Egypt between 1550 and 1100 B.C.
4020227|The Great Sphinx is the largest and oldest representation of a sphinx from ancient Egypt.
4020237|Leaf-cutter ants cut pieces of leaves from various plants and carry the fragments back to their nest.
4020238|A jellyfish swims by expanding its body like an opening umbrella, then pulling it together again rapidly.
4020239|A kangaroo hops by moving both of its powerful hind legs together.
4020240|The development of aluminum diving boards in the 1960's revolutionized springboard diving.
4020241|Interest calculator.
4020242|Pearl Harbor is a sheltered harbor on the Hawaiian island of Oahu.
4020244|The human chest cavity is enclosed in a bony cage of 12 pairs of ribs.
4020245|The human skull provides a bony frame for the head.
4020246|The human skull protects the brain, the body's master control center.
4020248|The human brain is an oddly shaped, three-pound mass that thinks, feels, and remembers.
4020249|The human heart and lungs work together to deliver oxygen to all of the body's tissues.
4020250|Bees make honey because it provides an important food source for them.
4020252|Compact discs, often called CD's, are round, flat plastic discs on which information is stored as a pattern of tiny pits and flat spaces.
4020257|Skeletal muscles enable people to move.
4020259|Photosynthesis is a food-making process in green plants.
4020260|The spider uses its web to catch food.
4020262|The outer layer of your teeth--the enamel--is the hardest substance in your body.
4020263|A telephone handset contains a transmitter and a receiver.
4020265|The turbofan is the most common jet engine.
4020266|An airplane has three basic movements--pitch, roll, and yaw.
4020267|The engines of most cars operate on a four-stroke cycle.
4020268|A two-stroke cycle engine is used where low cost is important, such as in a power lawn mower.
4020269|The circulatory system is a network that carries blood throughout the body to provide nutrition, oxygen, and to remove waste.
4020270|The lungs enable the body to replenish the blood supply with oxygen and to remove carbon dioxide.
4020271|Breathing is the process by which the body takes in oxygen from the atmosphere and releases carbon dioxide.
4020272|The heartbeat is a continuous action.
4020273|The circulatory system nourishes the entire body with food digested by the digestive system.
4020274|Blood is an important fluid that flows through the human body.
4020275|The circulatory system helps get rid of wastes and poisons that would harm the body if they accumulated.
4020276|The circulatory system plays a part in respiration by delivering oxygen to the cells and removing carbon dioxide from them.
4020277|Grand medieval castles were designed to be inaccessible to outsiders.
4020278|The ancient Egyptians believed that the dead lived on in the next world, and that for this reason their bodies should be preserved forever.
4020279|An electric motor is a machine that uses electric energy to produce motion.
4030001|The speed (or velocity) of the water balloon at impact depends on the height from which it is dropped.
4030002|Joan throws a water balloon straight toward John.
4030003|It takes 100 pounds of effort to lift a 100-pound boulder by hand.
4030004|Click on GO to see which elevator reaches the top floor first.
4030005|A pendulum swings at a regular rate.
4030006|Interest calculator
4040006|The Venus de Milo is one of the world's most famous works of art.
4040011|The Burghers of Calais is an expressive public monument created by the French sculptor Auguste Rodin.
4040013|The Chicago Picasso is a steel sculpture that stands in the city's Richard J. Daley Plaza.
4040017|Nike is an ancient sculpture that represents the Greek goddess of victory.
4040018|The Diner shows life-sized plaster figures created by the American sculptor George Segal.
4040021|The Eiffel Tower stands in a park called the Champ de Mars in Paris.
4040024|Fisherman's Wharf is a major tourist attraction of San Francisco.
4040025|The Golden Gate Bridge spans the Golden Gate, a strait 1 mile (1.6 kilometers) wide that connects the Pacific Ocean and San Francisco Bay.
4040027|The Empire State Building in New York City has an observation deck that provides dramatic views of the city.
4040030|The bright lights of Broadway are a famous symbol of New York City.
4040031|Central Park provides open space in the heart of crowded Manhattan, the business center of New York City.
4040039|The British Houses of Parliament meet in the New Palace of Westminster, overlooking the Thames River.
4040042|London's popular Trafalgar Square is named for the Battle of Trafalgar, which took place in 1805 during Britain's war with Napoleon Bonaparte.
4040046|The Piazza Navona in Rome is considered the city's most picturesque square.
4040049|The Tuileries Gardens lay west of the Louvre Palace, which houses the world-famous art museum.
4040050|The Cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris is a fine example of Gothic architecture.
4040051|The Place de la Bastille in Paris was once the site of a great fortress that the French people stormed in 1789, during the French Revolution.
4040052|The Arc de Triomphe (Arch of Triumph) stands at the western end of the famous Paris avenue, the Champs Elysees.
4040061|The human chest cavity is enclosed in a bony cage of 12 pairs of ribs.
4040062|The human skull provides a bony frame for the head.
4040063|The human skull protects the brain, the body's master control center.
4040064|The human brain is an oddly shaped, three-pound mass that thinks, feels, and remembers.
4040066|The human heart and lungs work together to deliver oxygen to all of the body's tissues.
